Gold
Countries
31 countries: where each commodity is produced, processed, stored, traded and bought.
Checked 2026-09-29
Public law and official guidance, published as research. Not legal, tax or financial advice.
- AustraliaIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · 38 steps · 44 sources · 7 gaps
- BrazilSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 29 steps · 52 sources · 7 gaps
- Burkina FasoSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 39 steps · 44 sources · 12 gaps
- CanadaIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · 40 steps · 64 sources · 5 gaps
- ChinaIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · Trading hub · Consumer market · Central-bank buyer · 42 steps · 57 sources · 10 gaps
- ColombiaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 34 steps · 69 sources · 7 gaps
- Congo - KinshasaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 38 steps · 45 sources · 9 gaps
- GhanaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 55 steps · 59 sources · 10 gaps
- GuineaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 39 steps · 39 sources · 9 gaps
- Hong Kong SAR ChinaTrading hub · Vaulting hub · Transit · 27 steps · 46 sources · 8 gaps
- IndiaConsumer market · Refining hub · Trading hub · 32 steps · 82 sources · 10 gaps
- IndonesiaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · Refining hub · 30 steps · 42 sources · 8 gaps
- JapanRefining hub · Trading hub · Consumer market · 34 steps · 67 sources · 5 gaps
- KazakhstanIndustrial mining origin · Central-bank buyer · 30 steps · 23 sources · 8 gaps
- MaliSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 33 steps · 35 sources · 12 gaps
- MexicoIndustrial mining origin · 38 steps · 42 sources · 7 gaps
- NigeriaSmall-scale mining origin · 21 steps · 57 sources · 14 gaps
- Papua New GuineaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 33 steps · 42 sources · 10 gaps
- PeruSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 31 steps · 67 sources · 7 gaps
- RussiaIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · Central-bank buyer · 37 steps · 43 sources · 5 gaps
- SingaporeTrading hub · Vaulting hub · Refining hub · 32 steps · 7 sources · 1 gap
- South AfricaIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · 42 steps · 6 sources · 9 gaps
- SudanSmall-scale mining origin · 33 steps · 17 sources · 13 gaps
- SwitzerlandRefining hub · Trading hub · Vaulting hub · 14 steps · 43 sources · 6 gaps
- TanzaniaSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 32 steps · 6 sources · 7 gaps
- TürkiyeRefining hub · Trading hub · Transit · Consumer market · 31 steps · 5 sources · 10 gaps
- United Arab EmiratesTransit · Refining hub · Trading hub · Vaulting hub · 14 steps · 52 sources · 13 gaps
- United KingdomTrading hub · Vaulting hub · 33 steps · 52 sources · 16 gaps
- United StatesIndustrial mining origin · Refining hub · Trading hub · Vaulting hub · 41 steps · 12 sources · 7 gaps
- UzbekistanIndustrial mining origin · Central-bank buyer · 35 steps · 4 sources · 8 gaps
- ZimbabweSmall-scale mining origin · Industrial mining origin · 36 steps · 4 sources · 16 gaps