跳到主要内容
Nelum
黄金

中国

核查于 2026-09-29 · 版本 r2 · 取代版本 r1 · 已审核

以研究形式发布的公开法律与官方指引,不构成法律、税务或金融建议。

研究内容本身以英文撰写。标题和标签已翻译,调查结果和引文未翻译。

向研究提问

用您自己的话提问。答案就是研究本身:原文记录、每一个来源,以及每条记录的可靠程度。
工业采矿来源地精炼中心交易中心消费市场央行买家

Large industrial producer (about 230 t in H1 2026 incl. imported-ore gold) and the largest consumer and importer. Mining rights are granted competitively and registered under the revised Mineral Resources Law (in force 1 Jul 2025) and its Implementing Regulations (15 Jun 2026); resource tax 2-6% of ore/concentrate value at provincial rates, plus mining-right transfer income of 2.3% a year of concentrate sales. Import and export of unwrought gold need a PBoC permit (准许证), one per batch, valid 40 working days, open only to qualified banks (SGE financial members/market makers), large mining groups and a few others; imported gold must be registered and first traded on the Shanghai Gold Exchange. SGE standard bars come only from SGE-accredited refiners (40 domestic; overseas incl. LBMA Good Delivery refiners). From 1 Nov 2025 to 31 Dec 2027 SGE trades are VAT-exempt without delivery; on delivery for investment use the exchange's sale is VAT levied-and-refunded and the member deducts input VAT on a special invoice; non-investment use gets a 6% input deduction only; off-exchange standard gold pays 13% VAT. Producers' sales of non-standard gold and ore are VAT-exempt to end-2027; the import-stage exemption's status after the 2026 VAT Law is unconfirmed. Exports of gold are VAT-exempt without refund. Dealers in precious metals are AML-obliged under the AML Law 2024 and PBoC Measures in force 1 Aug 2025 (cash CDD and reporting at RMB 100,000). PBoC holdings 76.73 Moz (about 2,387 t) at end-Aug 2026.

本页的可信程度

  • 法律原文 87
  • 官方指引 20
  • 标准 1
  • 行业惯例 3
  • 未经核实 4
  • 未记录可信度等级 8
  • 研究备注 31
  • 无法访问 2
  • 未记录 55
  • 文本 45
  • OCR 1
  • 未说明 11

监管机构

  • China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center (CAMLMAC)

    China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center: receives large-value and suspicious transaction reports from precious-metals institutions (PM AML Measures arts. 24-25) and financial institutions

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • General Administration of Customs (GAC)

    Clears gold imports/exports against the PBoC permit (Customs Law art. 24: licences must be presented; restricted goods without them are not released); supervises processing trade, special customs supervision areas, bonded sites and the SGE International Board vaults

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) and provincial natural resources departments

    Grant and registration of exploration and mining rights; mining permits; reserve reports; ecological restoration

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • Ministry of Finance (MOF)

    Tax policy on gold (jointly with SAT); with MNR and SAT sets the collection of mining-right transfer income (Caizong [2023] 10)

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • People's Bank of China (PBoC)

    Gold market supervisor; issues gold import/export qualifications and the per-batch Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Permit; supervises the Shanghai Gold Exchange; AML/CFT supervisor of financial institutions and specific non-financial institutions; holds the national gold reserve

    未记录可信度等级未记录OCR
  • State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE)

    Foreign-exchange administration (FX Regulations 2008: current-account receipts and payments need a genuine, lawful transaction basis, art. 12); applies to gold import/export payments (Import/Export Measures art. 23); publishes official reserve assets including gold

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • State Taxation Administration (SAT) and local tax bureaux

    Collects resource tax, VAT, consumption tax and mining-right transfer income; administers VAT on exchange gold (SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23)

    未记录可信度等级未记录
  • Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE) and Shanghai Gold Exchange International (SGEI)

    Exchange established in October 2002 by the PBoC with State Council approval and supervised by the PBoC (PBoC Yinfa [2011] 93: charter, trading rules and products need PBoC approval; accreditation of standard-bar refiners, admission of members and new vaults are filed with the PBoC, art. 5); central counterparty; membership, trading, clearing, delivery, designated vaults, accreditation of standard-bar refiners. SGEI (Shanghai Gold Exchange International, September 2014) is its wholly owned subsidiary in the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone that runs the International Board

    未记录可信度等级未记录OCR

法律

  • Anti-Money Laundering Law of the PRC (revised 8 Nov 2024)

    Art. 64(3): dealers in precious metals and gemstones in spot trading above a prescribed amount are specific non-financial institutions; art. 6 their duties; CDD (art. 29, applied to them by art. 42); records at least 10 years (art. 34); large-value and suspicious transaction reports (art. 35); special preventive measures on listed persons (art. 40); penalties for specific non-financial institutions (art. 58). In force 1 Jan 2025 (art. 65).

    引用
    中华人民共和国反洗钱法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2025-01-01
    法律原文未记录
  • MOF and SAT Notice on gold tax policy (Caishui [2002] 142), 13 Sep 2002

    Point 1: VAT exemption for gold producers' and dealers' sales of non-standard gold and gold ore (incl. associated gold), and import-stage VAT exemption for gold (incl. standard gold) and gold ore. Points 2, 4, 5 repealed from 1 Nov 2025 (2025 No. 11). Point 3 (no export rebate on gold; jewellery rebate on processing value only) is marked invalid on the SAT network copy; its jewellery clause was repealed by Guoshuifa [2005] 125 (itself repealed 1 Jul 2012). From 1 Jan 2026 the domestic part of point 1 no longer applies as such (MOF/SAT 2026 No. 10 art. 6) and is re-enacted as 2026 No. 10 二(二)24 until 31 Dec 2027; whether the import-stage exemption continues is not confirmed (cn.gap-import-vat-2026).

    引用
    财税〔2002〕142号
    类型
    通函
    法律原文未记录

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Status of the import-stage exemption after 1 Jan 2026: MOF/GAC/SAT 2026 No. 17 not held (cn.gap-import-vat-2026).

  • Provisional Regulations on Consumption Tax (2008) and Caishui Zi [1994] 95

    Gold, silver and platinum jewellery and diamonds: 5% (rate table item 4.1); for gold and silver jewellery the tax is levied at retail, on sales excluding VAT, paid by the retailer (Caishui [1994] 95 points 1-4 and 7).

    引用
    中华人民共和国消费税暂行条例; 财税字[1994]95号
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2009-01-01
    法律原文未记录

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Later amendments to the rate table and to Caishui [1994] 95 not checked.

  • Export Control Law of the PRC (2020)

    Licensing of listed dual-use, military and nuclear items (arts. 2, 12); end-user controls and control list (arts. 15-18). Unwrought gold is not shown as a controlled item in the texts held.

    引用
    中华人民共和国出口管制法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2020-12-01
    法律原文未记录
  • MOF and SAT Announcement 2026 No. 11 on VAT and consumption tax for exports

    Exports of goods containing gold or platinum, and diamonds and diamond jewellery, are VAT-exempt without refund (art. 6(1)1(4)); annex 8 lists the codes, incl. unwrought gold 71081100, 71081200, 71081300 and monetary gold 71082000. Repeals Caishui [2012] 39 and [2014] 98 (art. 10).

    引用
    财政部 税务总局公告2026年第11号
    类型
    通函
    生效日期
    2026-01-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Regulations on the Control of Gold and Silver (1983, revised 2011)

    PBoC as the competent authority for gold and silver (art. 4); unified purchase: mined and recovered gold to be sold to the PBoC (arts. 3, 5, 8-12); gold coins minted and issued only by the PBoC (art. 21); carrying gold into China unlimited but declared to Customs (art. 25), out of China against a PBoC certificate or the entry declaration (art. 26).

    引用
    中华人民共和国金银管理条例
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    1983-06-15
    法律原文未记录

    研究备注: [conflict] cn.div-conflict-gold-silver-regs: the purchase monopoly in the text is not how the market has run since the SGE opened.

  • Measures for the Administration of Import and Export of Gold and Gold Products (PBoC and GAC Order [2015] No. 1, amended by Order [2020] No. 3)

    Permit system (Art. 3); scope (Art. 4); reserve gold by PBoC (Art. 5); SGE registration and first trade (Art. 6); qualification conditions (Arts. 8-9); application materials (Arts. 10-11); one permit per batch, 40 working days (Art. 17); reporting (Art. 19); exemptions (Art. 20); no other channel (Art. 21); AML (Art. 22); FX (Art. 23). The 2020 amendment (in force 16 Apr 2020) rewrote art. 10(1)(7) (banks: internal gold risk-control materials; proof of physical stock at the exchange for export applicants dropped) and art. 10(1)(8) (industry capacity certificate for mining exporters dropped; exchange registration certificate kept).

    引用
    黄金及黄金制品进出口管理办法
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2015-04-01
    法律原文未记录
  • PBoC Rules on Supervision of the Business of the Shanghai Gold Exchange (Yinfa [2011] 93)

    PBoC supervises SGE (art. 2); charter, products and trading rules need PBoC approval (art. 4); accreditation of standard gold ingot and bar refiners, member admission and new vaults are filed with the PBoC (art. 5); one account one code (art. 6).

    引用
    上海黄金交易所业务监督管理规则
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2011-04-11
    法律原文未记录OCR

    研究备注: [ocr] Read from OCR; art. 5 checked against the page image.

  • Administrative Measures on AML/CFT for Precious Metals and Gemstone Institutions (PBoC, Yinfa [2025] 124)

    Scope: dealers in precious-metal and gemstone spot trading; the duties apply to cash transactions of RMB 100,000 or more (art. 2); risk assessment at least every 3 years (art. 14); CDD on cash of RMB 100,000 single or daily cumulative, on suspicion, or on doubtful ID data (art. 15), incl. beneficial owners of legal persons (art. 16(2)); enhanced CDD for high-risk countries and PEPs (arts. 19-20); large-value cash report to CAMLMAC within 5 working days (art. 24); suspicious report regardless of amount (art. 25); records 10 years (art. 26); special preventive measures (art. 27); financial institutions doing precious-metal spot business follow the rules for financial institutions (art. 38). Precious metals include gold, silver, platinum and their coins, standard bars, products, intermediate products and refined raw material (art. 34).

    引用
    贵金属和宝石从业机构反洗钱和反恐怖融资管理办法
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2025-08-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Resource Tax Law of the PRC (adopted 26 Aug 2019)

    Gold: raw ore or concentrate, 2%-6% ad valorem; provinces fix the rate within the range (Art. 2); ad valorem base (Art. 3); returns within 15 days of month/quarter end (Art. 12)

    引用
    中华人民共和国资源税法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2020-09-01
    法律原文未记录
  • SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23 on tax administration for gold

    Invoices on exchange gold: special invoice labelled 会员单位投资性黄金 for members' investment-use withdrawals, input VAT deductible by the member (point 2); ordinary invoices labelled 会员单位非投资性黄金 or 客户标准黄金 (points 3-4); use declared on the delivery-out slip before withdrawal; members keep proof of use and a gold purchase and sales ledger (point 8).

    引用
    国家税务总局公告2025年第23号
    类型
    通函
    生效日期
    2025-11-01
    法律原文未记录
  • SGE Detailed Delivery Rules (amended Nov 2019)

    Bar specifications and accredited-refiner rule (Art. 11); load-in documents (Art. 30); weight tolerance (Arts. 31, 45); load-out (Arts. 37, 43); IB vault withdrawals must report the destination to SGE and Customs (Art. 42); Annex 2: LBMA-accredited Good Delivery refiners may apply for IB load-in authorisation. Fee annex superseded by the January 2026 schedule.

    类型
    规则手册
    官方指引未记录
  • SGEI Business Management Measures (2018) and IB Designated Vault Operating Guidelines (2018)

    International members are registered abroad, in HK/Macao/Taiwan or in the Shanghai FTZ (SGEI art. 4); AML/KYC on clients (arts. 6-7); settlement through margin custodian bank accounts (arts. 20-21); IB vaults under Customs supervision (art. 28). Entry into IB vaults: invoice (incl. origin), packing list, bar list, non-wood packaging declaration (guidelines art. 9); import into China from IB vaults only by members or clients with gold import/export qualification, presenting the PBoC permit (copy 1, for customs) and obtaining the customs import declaration (arts. 10-12); re-export: invoice and SGE withdrawal papers (art. 19).

    引用
    上海国际黄金交易中心业务管理办法; 上海黄金交易所国际板指定仓库出入库及出入境业务操作指引
    类型
    规则手册
    官方指引未记录
  • SGE Measures for the Management of Accredited Refiners (2025) and Overseas Ingot Supplier Criteria (2019)

    Domestic: SGE member or member-controlled, 5 years established, 3 years refining, capital and net assets RMB 50m, 10 t/yr gold refined, quality deposit RMB 300,000, certificate valid 5 years, buy-back and toll-refining records 10 years (arts. 7, 13, 14, 33). Overseas: 5 years refining, 10 t/yr, RMB 50m; LBMA current Good Delivery suppliers skip the on-site review (sample test only) and the RMB 300,000 deposit; refiners found sourcing from conflict or high-risk areas lose accreditation (overseas arts. 3, 6, 19, 23).

    引用
    上海黄金交易所认定精炼企业管理办法; 可提供标准金锭企业及其金锭品级资格注册认定准则(海外试行版)
    类型
    规则手册
    生效日期
    2025-07-10
    官方指引未记录
  • Measures for Collecting Mining-Right Transfer Income (MOF, MNR, SAT, Caizong [2023] 10)

    Gold, silver and platinum-group metals are on the rate list: transfer income = transaction price at grant + annual 2.3% of concentrate (选矿产品) sales revenue excluding VAT (arts. 8-9, list item 12); annual amount declared to the tax authority by the end of February of the next year (art. 24); late-payment surcharge 0.2% a day (art. 33); shared 4:6 central/local (art. 4).

    引用
    矿业权出让收益征收办法
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2023-05-01
    法律原文未记录
  • MOF and SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11 on gold tax policy

    VAT on standard gold traded on SGE / SHFE: seller exempt; no physical delivery: exchange exempt; delivery out of the vault for investment use by a member: VAT levied and immediately refunded to the exchange, surcharges exempt, special invoice to the member; non-investment use or client purchase: exchange exempt, ordinary invoice, general-taxpayer buyer deducts input at 6%; off-exchange sales of standard gold pay VAT normally; one change of declared use within 6 months (points 1-8). In force 1 Nov 2025 to 31 Dec 2027 (point 13), continued after the VAT Law by MOF/SAT 2026 No. 10 (五(五)17). Repeals points 2, 4, 5 of Caishui [2002] 142 and Caishui [2008] 5.

    引用
    财政部 税务总局公告2025年第11号 关于黄金有关税收政策的公告
    类型
    通函
    生效日期
    2025-11-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Value-Added Tax Law of the PRC

    Standard rate 13% on sales and imports of goods (art. 10(1)); the statutory exemptions (art. 24) do not include gold; the State Council may set special preferences (art. 25); import VAT is collected by Customs.

    引用
    中华人民共和国增值税法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2026-01-01
    法律原文未记录
  • MOF and SAT Announcement 2026 No. 10 on VAT preferences after the VAT Law

    Re-enacts from 1 Jan 2026 to 31 Dec 2027 the exemption for gold producers' and dealers' sales of non-standard gold and gold ore (二(二)24); continues 2025 No. 11 to 31 Dec 2027 (五(五)17); trade-in value of old gold jewellery deductible (四(十)); all other domestic-stage VAT preferences in documents issued before 31 Dec 2025 cease from 1 Jan 2026 (art. 6).

    引用
    财政部 税务总局公告2026年第10号
    类型
    通函
    生效日期
    2026-01-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the PRC (2021)

    Countermeasure list (arts. 4-6); organisations and persons in China must implement countermeasures (art. 11) and must not implement or assist foreign discriminatory measures against Chinese citizens or organisations (art. 12).

    引用
    中华人民共和国反外国制裁法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2021-06-10
    法律原文未记录
  • Customs Law of the PRC (as amended 2021)

    Goods must be declared truthfully with import/export licences; restricted goods without licences are not released (art. 24); special customs supervision areas (art. 34); smuggling (art. 82).

    引用
    中华人民共和国海关法
    类型
    法案
    法律原文未记录
  • Foreign Trade Law of the PRC (revised 2025)

    Operators are registered market entities (art. 11); state trading for listed goods (art. 13); free trade in goods unless restricted (art. 16); import/export bans, quotas and licences (arts. 18-21); list of foreign persons barred from trade with China, with customs and FX consequences (arts. 40, 76-77).

    引用
    中华人民共和国对外贸易法
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2026-03-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Regulations on Foreign Exchange Administration (2008)

    No restriction on current international payments (art. 5); receipts may be repatriated or held abroad under SAFE conditions (art. 9); current-account receipts and payments need a genuine, lawful transaction basis checked by banks (art. 12); receipts may be kept or sold (art. 13); payments against valid documents (art. 14); penalties for evasion (art. 39).

    引用
    中华人民共和国外汇管理条例
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2008-08-05
    法律原文未记录
  • MNR Notice on implementing the new Mineral Resources Law (自然资发〔2024〕289号), 19 Dec 2024

    Transition: existing rights and certificates unchanged; competitive grant is the rule

    类型
    通函
    官方指引未记录
  • Mineral Resources Law of the PRC (1986, as amended 1996 and 2009)

    Replaced by the comprehensive 2024 revision from 1 Jul 2025; existing rights and certificates continue ('权利不变动,证书不更换')

    类型
    法案
    废止日期
    2025-07-01
    法律原文未记录

    研究备注: [not-read] The 1996/2009 text itself is not held; its replacement date is 2024 law art. 80 (in force 1 Jul 2025); the 2026 Regulations art. 79 repealed the 1994 Implementing Rules and the old registration and transfer measures.

  • Mineral Resources Law of the PRC (revised 8 Nov 2024)

    State ownership (Art. 4); paid acquisition of mineral rights (Art. 16); competitive grant (Art. 17); grant contract (Art. 20); transfer income (Art. 21); registration and certificate (Art. 22); holder's right to the extracted products (Art. 23); terms (Art. 24); permits before extraction (Art. 33); resource tax (Art. 6); penalties for mining without a right (Art. 64). Implemented by the 2026 Regulations (cn.law-mrl-regs-2026).

    引用
    中华人民共和国矿产资源法 (2024修订), 8 chapters, 80 articles
    类型
    法案
    生效日期
    2025-07-01
    法律原文未记录
  • Implementing Regulations of the Mineral Resources Law (State Council Order No. 839)

    Competitive grant, agreement grant only in listed cases (art. 8); grant announcement at least 30 working days (art. 12); transfer income and occupancy fees (art. 14); terms (art. 15); exploration/mining permit decided within 15 working days (art. 29); reserve reports to the original grant department (art. 43) and periodic reserve and utilisation reports (art. 44); closure reports (art. 45); import and export follow foreign-trade and export-control law (art. 75); permits issued before 1 Jul 2025 remain valid (art. 78); repeals the 1994 Implementing Rules and the old registration and transfer measures (art. 79).

    引用
    中华人民共和国矿产资源法实施条例
    类型
    条例
    生效日期
    2026-06-15
    法律原文未记录
  • SGE Member Management Measures (2026 revision; in force on publication, PDF posted 23 Apr 2026)

    Member classes (Art. 3); special members: registered capital and net assets of at least RMB 100m and three years of profits (Art. 6); ordinary members: at least RMB 150m and one year on SGE (Art. 7); membership fee RMB 2.8m (Art. 14); proprietary and agency seats, agency seats for institutional or individual clients (Art. 29); agency business needs net assets of RMB 200m (Art. 41); KYC incl. beneficial owners (Art. 42); source of client funds and metal (Art. 46); AML (Art. 55); records at least 15 years (Art. 59); major-event reports within 20 working days (Art. 64)

    类型
    规则手册
    官方指引未记录
  • SGE Safe Deposit Vault Administration Measures (amended Nov 2019)

    Only bars from SGE-accredited refiners or recognised international accreditation may be deposited (Art. 4); load-in (Art. 12); load-out (Art. 18)

    类型
    规则手册
    官方指引未记录

中国涉及黄金的法律

来自法律库:标注了该商品的法律及其来源。它们不是研究结论;以上各部分才是。

法律库暂时无法访问。研究页面可以正常使用;请稍后再试。

程序

Export of unwrought gold under a PBoC permit

适用情形: China is the origin or dispatching country (rare in practice)

  1. 海关

    Apply to the PBoC for an export permit for the batch (qualified entity only; application form and export contract)

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    出具
    Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Application Form (《黄金及黄金制品进出口申请表》) with contract
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 8, 10

  2. 海关

    Issue the export permit (one batch, 40 working days)

    执行方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    所需
    Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Application Form (《黄金及黄金制品进出口申请表》) with contract
    出具
    PBoC permit (export batch)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 3, 17

  3. 海关

    Withdraw the bars from the SGE vault and file the export declaration with the permit; the export of gold-containing goods is VAT-exempt without refund

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    China Customs (GAC field office)
    所需
    PBoC permit (export batch)
    出具
    Customs export declaration (出口货物报关单), HS 7108; Air waybill (export)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; MOF/SAT Announcement 2026 No. 11, Measures art. 3; 2026 No. 11 art. 6(1)1(4) and annex 8 (HS 710812)

  4. 申报

    Report permit execution to the PBoC and receive proceeds under FX rules

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    所需
    PBoC permit (export batch)
    出具
    Report to PBoC on use of the import/export permit
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; FX Regulations, Measures arts. 19, 23; FX Regulations arts. 9, 12-13

Import of unwrought gold under a PBoC permit

适用情形: China receives gold bars from abroad (e.g. from Switzerland or Hong Kong) for the domestic market

  1. 许可

    Hold the PBoC gold import/export qualification (bank that is an SGE financial member or market maker, or qualified mining group or refiner)

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 7, 8, 10

  2. 海关

    Apply to the PBoC for a permit for the batch: application form, import contract and (on repeat applications) nothing further unless details changed

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    出具
    Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Application Form (《黄金及黄金制品进出口申请表》) with contract; Gold import/export contract (required with the permit application)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 10

  3. 海关

    Examine (verification by two or more staff where needed) and decide within 20 working days; issue the permit, one per batch, usable within 40 working days

    执行方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    所需
    Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Application Form (《黄金及黄金制品进出口申请表》) with contract; Gold import/export contract (required with the permit application)
    出具
    PBoC permit (import batch)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 3, 14-17

  4. 付款

    Pay the foreign seller through the bank under foreign-exchange rules

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    所需
    Gold import/export contract (required with the permit application)
    出具
    Import payment through an FX-authorised bank
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; FX Regulations, Measures art. 23; FX Regulations arts. 12, 14

    研究备注: [not-read] SAFE detailed goods-trade FX rules (current-account guidelines) not held; the FX Regulations require a genuine transaction basis checked by the bank.

  5. 海关

    Declare the gold to Customs (HS 7108) presenting the PBoC permit; import-stage VAT is exempt for gold (incl. standard gold) and gold ore

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    China Customs (GAC field office)
    所需
    PBoC permit (import batch)
    出具
    Customs import declaration (进口货物报关单), HS 7108
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; Customs Law; Caishui [2002] 142, Measures arts. 3, 17; Customs Law art. 24; Caishui 142 point 1

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Import duty rate for 7108 not held (cn.gap-tariff). [unconfirmed] Continuation of the import-stage VAT exemption after 1 Jan 2026 (cn.gap-import-vat-2026; MOF/GAC/SAT 2026 No. 17 read only in summary [summary]).

  6. 保管

    Register the imported gold on SGE and complete its first trade there (duty to balance domestic physical supply)

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    Shanghai Gold Exchange (and SGEI)
    所需
    Customs import declaration (进口货物报关单), HS 7108
    出具
    SGE registration and first-trade record of imported gold; SGE Application for Load-In (Delivery Rules Annex 4 / Vault Measures Annex 3)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 6

  7. 申报

    Report execution of the permit to the PBoC

    执行方
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    所需
    PBoC permit (import batch)
    出具
    Report to PBoC on use of the import/export permit
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 19

Mining right, extraction and first sale to a refiner

适用情形: China is the origin (domestic mine gold)

  1. 许可

    Grant the mining right by tender, auction or listing announced at least 30 working days ahead (agreement grant only in the cases listed in the Regulations) and sign the written grant contract

    执行方
    Natural resources authority (MNR or provincial department)
    对方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    出具
    Mining-right grant contract (矿业权出让合同)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024; Implementing Regulations 2026, Law arts. 16, 17, 20; Regulations arts. 8, 12, 13

  2. 许可

    Register the mining right with the grant department and receive the mining-right certificate; the right takes effect on registration

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    所需
    Mining-right grant contract (矿业权出让合同)
    出具
    Mining-right certificate (矿业权证书)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024, Art. 22

  3. 许可

    Obtain the mining permit before any extraction, on a mining plan approved by the grant department (decision within 15 working days)

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    所需
    Mining-right certificate (矿业权证书)
    出具
    Mining permit (采矿许可证)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024; Implementing Regulations 2026, Law art. 33; Regulations arts. 28-29

  4. 开采

    Extract and beneficiate ore within the registered area; the holder owns the extracted products

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    所需
    Mining permit (采矿许可证)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024, Art. 23

  5. 加工

    Smelt concentrate into doré (合质金), or ship the concentrate to a smelter or refiner

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    出具
    Mine lot / doré reference
    未经核实

    研究备注: Processing path from Chinese mine practice not documented in the sources read; CGA statistics confirm mine output and imported-ore output but not the route.

    未记录来源
  6. 税费

    Sell doré or gold ore to the refiner; sales of gold other than standard gold, and of gold ore (incl. associated gold), by gold producers and dealers are VAT-exempt (until 31 Dec 2027)

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    对方
    SGE-accredited refiner (standard gold ingot / bar refiner)
    所需
    Mine lot / doré reference
    出具
    VAT-exempt sales invoice for non-standard gold or gold ore (producer sale); Refining Agreement (fee schedule, assay/settlement formula)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2026 No. 10 (before 2026: Caishui [2002] 142 point 1), 二(二)24

    研究备注: [time-limited] Exemption runs 1 Jan 2026 to 31 Dec 2027 (2026 No. 10 二(二)). [conflict] cn.div-conflict-gold-silver-regs: the 1983 Regulations (arts. 8-9) still say mined gold must be sold to the PBoC.

  7. 税费

    File and pay resource tax at the provincial rate (gold ore or concentrate, 2%-6% of sales value) within 15 days of the month or quarter end

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    对方
    Local tax bureau (SAT)
    出具
    Resource tax return and payment record (资源税纳税申报)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Resource Tax Law, Arts. 2, 3, 12 and rate table

  8. 税费

    Pay mining-right transfer income: the transaction price at grant, then every year 2.3% of the concentrate sales revenue (excl. VAT), declared to the tax authority by the end of February of the following year

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    对方
    Local tax bureau (SAT)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024 art. 21; Caizong [2023] 10, Caizong [2023] 10 arts. 8-9, 24 and rate list item 12

AML/CFT and mining reporting

适用情形: Ongoing, for precious-metals institutions and mining-right holders

  1. 尽职调查

    Carry out customer due diligence, incl. identifying and verifying beneficial owners of legal-person customers, on cash transactions of RMB 100,000 or more (single or daily cumulative), on suspicion, or when earlier ID data are doubtful, before or at the end of the transaction

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    出具
    Customer identification and due-diligence file (客户身份资料)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: PBoC PM AML Measures (Yinfa [2025] 124); AML Law 2024, Measures arts. 2, 15-16; AML Law arts. 29, 42, 64

    研究备注: [not-read] The 25% beneficial-ownership test quoted in the industry guide comes from the PBoC Beneficial Ownership Measures, not held.

  2. 申报

    File large-value transaction reports with CAMLMAC within 5 working days

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    出具
    Large-value transaction report to CAMLMAC (大额交易报告)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: PBoC PM AML Measures (Yinfa [2025] 124), Art. 24

    研究备注: [not-read] Reporting channel notice (Yinbanfa [2025] 145: SGE and trade associations report on behalf of their members) known only from the industry guide.

  3. 申报

    File suspicious transaction reports with CAMLMAC regardless of amount

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    对方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    出具
    Suspicious transaction report to CAMLMAC (可疑交易报告)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: PBoC PM AML Measures (Yinfa [2025] 124), Art. 25

  4. 申报

    Keep customer identification data and transaction records for at least 10 years

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    所需
    Customer identification and due-diligence file (客户身份资料)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: AML Law 2024; PBoC PM AML Measures, AML Law art. 34; Measures art. 26

  5. 申报

    Submit geological data, and reserve reports to the original grant department when reserves are proven or change materially; report reserve changes and utilisation periodically; file the closure geological report on closure

    执行方
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    对方
    Natural resources authority (MNR or provincial department)
    出具
    Mineral reserve report (矿产资源储量报告) / geological data submission
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024; Implementing Regulations 2026, Law arts. 31, 40, 41; Regulations arts. 43-45

Refining into SGE standard bars

适用情形: Domestic doré, concentrate-derived or imported raw gold is refined in China

  1. 化验

    Receive and assay doré or raw gold under the refining or purchase agreement

    执行方
    SGE-accredited refiner (standard gold ingot / bar refiner)
    所需
    Refining Agreement (fee schedule, assay/settlement formula); VAT-exempt sales invoice for non-standard gold or gold ore (producer sale)
    未经核实

    研究备注: Chinese refiner intake practice not documented in sources read.

    未记录来源
  2. 精炼

    Refine into SGE standard ingots or bars (Au99.99 1 kg; Au99.95 3 kg; Au99.5 12.5 kg; Au100g/Au50g at 999.9) under the refiner's SGE accreditation

    执行方
    SGE-accredited refiner (standard gold ingot / bar refiner)
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Detailed Delivery Rules; SGE Refiner Measures 2025, Delivery Rules Art. 11 and Annex 1; Refiner Measures arts. 2, 26-27

  3. 化验

    Issue the certificate of quality and packing list (bar list) for the bars

    执行方
    SGE-accredited refiner (standard gold ingot / bar refiner)
    出具
    Refiner's certificate of quality and packing list for SGE standard bars
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Detailed Delivery Rules, Art. 30

Deposit, trade and withdrawal on the Shanghai Gold Exchange

适用情形: Standard gold is sold into the domestic market

渠道: SGE main board

  1. 保管

    Deposit bars at an SGE designated vault through a registered designated deposit person, with the Load-In application (3 copies), quality certificate and packing list; the vault checks gross weight (tolerance ±0.1 g for ingots, ±0.05 g for bars) and accepts only bars from SGE-accredited refiners or suppliers accredited by an SGE-recognised international market

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    对方
    SGE designated vault / International Board certified vault operator
    所需
    Refiner's certificate of quality and packing list for SGE standard bars
    出具
    SGE Application for Load-In (Delivery Rules Annex 4 / Vault Measures Annex 3)
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Detailed Delivery Rules; Vault Measures, Delivery Rules Arts. 11, 29-31; Vault Measures Art. 4

  2. 定价

    Sell standard gold on SGE; the seller's sale is VAT-exempt (it invoices the exchange with an ordinary invoice against the exchange's settlement invoice); while no physical delivery out of the vault takes place, the exchange's sale is also exempt and the buyer receives a settlement invoice (结算发票) only

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    对方
    Shanghai Gold Exchange (and SGEI)
    所需
    SGE Application for Load-In (Delivery Rules Annex 4 / Vault Measures Annex 3)
    出具
    SGE trade and clearing record
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 point 1; SAT No. 23 point 1

  3. 保管

    Buyer (member or client) applies through the member platform to take delivery and presents the Load-Out application, take-delivery application and withdrawer's ID at the vault

    执行方
    SGE institutional client (e.g. jewellery manufacturer) trading through a member
    对方
    SGE designated vault / International Board certified vault operator
    所需
    SGE trade and clearing record
    出具
    SGE Application for Load-Out and Application of Take-delivery
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Detailed Delivery Rules, Arts. 37, 43, 45

  4. 税费

    On delivery out of the vault to a member that declared investment use on the delivery-out slip, the exchange's sale is subject to VAT levied and immediately refunded to the exchange (urban construction tax and education surcharges exempt) and SGE issues the member a VAT special invoice labelled 会员单位投资性黄金

    执行方
    Shanghai Gold Exchange (and SGEI)
    所需
    SGE Application for Load-Out and Application of Take-delivery
    出具
    SGE VAT special invoice labelled 会员单位投资性黄金 (member withdrawal for investment use)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 points 1(1), 5, 7; SAT No. 23 point 2(1)-(2)

  5. 税费

    Deduct the input VAT shown on the SGE special invoice after use confirmation on the tax platform; onward sales of the gold, or of investment gold products made from it, are invoiced with ordinary invoices only (no special invoices, except legal gold coins)

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    对方
    Local tax bureau (SAT)
    所需
    SGE VAT special invoice labelled 会员单位投资性黄金 (member withdrawal for investment use)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23; MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11, SAT No. 23 point 2(3)-(4); 2025 No. 11 point 1(1)

  6. 税费

    On delivery out of the vault for non-investment use (declared on the delivery slip), or to a client, the exchange's sale is exempt and SGE issues an ordinary invoice labelled 会员单位非投资性黄金 or 客户标准黄金; a general-taxpayer buyer computes input VAT at 6% of the invoice amount

    执行方
    Shanghai Gold Exchange (and SGEI)
    所需
    SGE Application for Load-Out and Application of Take-delivery
    出具
    SGE VAT ordinary invoice labelled 会员单位非投资性黄金 or 客户标准黄金 (non-investment use or client withdrawal)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 point 1(2)-(3); SAT No. 23 points 3-4

  7. 税费

    Report the change of use to the exchange before it happens and apply, once, within 6 months, to change the declared use; red-letter invoice reversal and re-issue

    执行方
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    出具
    Application to change declared use (investment / non-investment), once within 6 months
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11, Point 8

  8. 税费

    Sell onward (bars or jewellery) charging VAT at 13%; gold jewellery also bears consumption tax of 5% at retail, on the sales value excluding VAT

    执行方
    SGE institutional client (e.g. jewellery manufacturer) trading through a member
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: VAT Law; Consumption Tax Regulations; Caishui [1994] 95, VAT Law art. 10(1); Consumption Tax rate table item 4.1; Caishui [1994] 95 points 1-2, 7

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Later changes to the consumption-tax rate table not checked.

International Board (SGEI) trading and vaulting in the free-trade zone

适用情形: Foreign participants trade or store gold in Shanghai without importing it into the domestic market

渠道: SGE International Board

  1. 付款

    Open an FT account at a margin custodian bank and trade International Board contracts (iAu99.99, iAu99.5) in offshore RMB

    执行方
    SGE international member or international client (SGEI, Shanghai FTZ)
    对方
    Shanghai Gold Exchange (and SGEI)
    出具
    Free Trade (FT) account statement in offshore RMB (SGEI)
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Member Management Measures (2026); SGEI Business Management Measures, Member Measures Arts. 3-4; SGEI Measures arts. 4, 20-21

  2. 海关

    Bring bars from abroad into an International Board vault (Customs-supervised, bonded) without a PBoC permit (exempt channel), through the vault's designated carrier and customs broker, giving SGE the invoice (incl. origin), packing list, bar list and non-wood packaging declaration; load-in needs SGE authorisation and bars from SGE-accredited or recognised international suppliers

    执行方
    SGE international member or international client (SGEI, Shanghai FTZ)
    对方
    China Customs (GAC field office)
    出具
    IB vault entry papers; SGE Application for Load-In (Delivery Rules Annex 4 / Vault Measures Annex 3)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; SGE IB Vault Guidelines; SGE Vault Measures; Delivery Rules, Measures art. 20(2); Guidelines arts. 4-9; Vault Measures arts. 4, 12; Delivery Rules Art. 27 and Annex 2

    研究备注: [not-read] Customs' own entry formalities for the bonded zone (declaration form, supervision code) not held; the SGE guidelines say the vault's appointed customs broker files them.

  3. 保管

    Hold the bars in an International Board vault (3 bonded vaults: trading vaults in Shanghai (2) and Shenzhen (1); safekeeping vault in Shanghai). SGE's January 2026 fee schedule lists IB storage rates, while the IB page says storage and in/out fees are currently waived

    执行方
    SGE designated vault / International Board certified vault operator
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Vault Measures; SGE fee schedule (Jan 2026), Vault Measures Art. 3

    研究备注: [conflict] cn.div-conflict-ib-fees: fee schedule rates versus the waiver stated on the IB page.

  4. 海关

    Withdraw for re-export abroad (exempt channel: invoice and SGE withdrawal papers; carrier appointed by the vault) or for entry into the domestic market (only by a member or client holding the gold import/export qualification, with the PBoC permit copy 1 and a customs import declaration); the destination is reported to SGE and Customs

    执行方
    SGE international member or international client (SGEI, Shanghai FTZ)
    对方
    SGE designated vault / International Board certified vault operator
    出具
    SGE Application for Load-Out and Application of Take-delivery
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; SGE IB Vault Guidelines; Delivery Rules; Vault Measures, Measures arts. 4, 20; Guidelines arts. 10-12, 17-19; Delivery Rules Art. 42; Vault Measures Arts. 17-18

PBoC reserve accumulation

适用情形: The central bank adds gold to official reserves

  1. 付款

    Acquire gold for the national reserve (source and venue not disclosed)

    执行方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    未经核实

    研究备注: The PBoC does not publish whether it buys domestically (e.g. from producers or SGE) or abroad.

    未记录来源
  2. 海关

    Import or export national reserve gold itself, outside the permit system

    执行方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 5

  3. 申报

    Publish monthly holdings through SAFE's Official Reserve Assets release (76.73 Moz at end-Aug 2026)

    执行方
    People's Bank of China (permit issuer and reserve holder)
    官方指引未记录

许可与登记

  • PBoC gold import/export qualification (黄金进出口资格)

    PBoC approval; thereafter per-batch permits

    持有人
    Bank holding PBoC gold import/export qualification (SGE financial member or market maker)
    签发机构
    People's Bank of China (head office)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 7, 8, 10

  • PBoC gold import/export qualification: mining-group route

    持有人
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    签发机构
    People's Bank of China
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 8(2)-(3), Art. 10

  • PBoC gold products import/export qualification (黄金制品)

    持有人
    SGE institutional client (e.g. jewellery manufacturer) trading through a member
    签发机构
    Application to a PBoC branch at prefecture level or above; decided by the PBoC Shanghai Head Office, branches, operations office, provincial-capital central sub-branches or the Shenzhen central sub-branch (art. 7)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 7, 9, 11

  • SGE Standard Gold Ingot Refiner / Standard Gold Bar Refiner accreditation

    Accredited-refiner certificate; right to mark bars with the SGE logo; registered brand (art. 12); listing on the SGE refiner lists

    持有人
    SGE-accredited refiner (standard gold ingot / bar refiner)
    签发机构
    Shanghai Gold Exchange
    有效期
    Domestic certificate 5 years, renewal review 3 months before expiry (art. 14)
    官方指引未记录OCR

    法律依据: SGE Measures for the Management of Accredited Refiners (2025); SGE Overseas Ingot Supplier Criteria (2019); SGE Delivery Rules, Refiner Measures arts. 2, 3, 7, 12-14; Overseas Criteria arts. 3, 6, 19; Delivery Rules Art. 11

  • AML/CFT internal control programme as a precious-metals institution

    持有人
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    签发机构
    Self-established; supervised by PBoC
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: AML Law 2024; PBoC PM AML Measures (Yinfa [2025] 124); SGE Member Measures, AML Law arts. 6, 64; Measures arts. 13-14; SGE Member Measures Art. 55

  • Pollutant discharge permit and compliance test report

    持有人
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    签发机构
    Environmental protection authority
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 8, 10

  • Foreign trade operator filing form (对外贸易经营者备案表)

    持有人
    SGE institutional client (e.g. jewellery manufacturer) trading through a member
    签发机构
    Commerce authority
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 11

    研究备注: [conflict] cn.div-conflict-ft-filing: the Measures (art. 11(5)) still ask for the stamped foreign-trade operator filing form, but the Foreign Trade Law as revised (art. 11, in force 1 Mar 2026) defines operators by business registration and provides no operator filing. How the PBoC applies art. 11(5) now is not confirmed.

  • SGE international membership / international client account with FT account

    International member status; FT (free trade) account in offshore RMB

    持有人
    SGE international member or international client (SGEI, Shanghai FTZ)
    签发机构
    SGE / SGEI; FT account at a margin custodian bank
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Member Management Measures (2026); SGEI Business Management Measures, Member Measures Art. 3-4; SGEI Measures arts. 4, 20-21

  • Mining permit (采矿许可证)

    Mining permit

    持有人
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    签发机构
    Natural resources authority
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024; Implementing Regulations 2026, Law art. 33; Regulations arts. 28-30

  • Registered mining right and mining-right certificate (采矿权 / 矿业权证书)

    Grant contract; mining-right certificate

    持有人
    Mining-right holder (industrial gold miner)
    签发机构
    Natural resources authority (grant department)
    有效期
    Up to 30 years, renewable while reserves remain (Art. 24)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024; Implementing Regulations 2026, Law arts. 16, 17, 20, 22, 24; Regulations arts. 8, 12, 15

  • SGE membership (financial, comprehensive, special or international)

    Membership and trading seat

    持有人
    SGE comprehensive member (producer, processor, jeweller or trader)
    签发机构
    Shanghai Gold Exchange
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Member Management Measures (2026), Arts. 3, 6, 7

税费

  • Consumption tax on gold jewellery

    Gold jewellery at retail

    税率
    5%
    计税基础
    Retail sales value excluding VAT
    缴纳人
    Retailer
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Consumption Tax Regulations; Caishui [1994] 95, Rate table item 4.1; Caishui [1994] 95 points 1-4, 7

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Later amendments to the rate table and to Caishui [1994] 95 not checked.

  • Export of gold-containing goods: VAT-exempt without refund

    Goods containing gold or platinum listed in annex 8, incl. HS 71081100, 71081200, 71081300 and 71082000; diamonds and diamond jewellery

    税率
    VAT-exempt (no export refund; input VAT not refunded)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2026 No. 11, Art. 6(1)1(4)

  • No export VAT rebate on gold

    税率
    No rebate on gold; for gold jewellery only the processing value added is rebated
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Caishui [2002] 142 point 3, replaced by Guoshuifa [2005] 125, Point 3

    研究备注: [not-read] From 2012 to 2025 the rule sat in Caishui [2012] 39 (not held; repealed 1 Jan 2026). Caishui 142 point 3 is marked invalid and Guoshuifa [2005] 125 was repealed on 1 Jul 2012. Replaced by cn.tax-export-exempt-2026.

  • Import customs duty on unwrought gold (HS 7108)

    未经核实未记录

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] The 2026 tariff adjustment (annex 1 provisional rates, annex 6 FTA rates) has no line for 7108; the base MFN rate is in the Customs Import and Export Tariff schedule, which is not held (cn.gap-tariff).

  • Import-stage VAT on gold and gold ore

    Imported gold (incl. standard gold) and gold ore

    税率
    Exempt
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Caishui [2002] 142, Point 1

    研究备注: [unconfirmed] Whether the exemption continues after the VAT Law took effect on 1 Jan 2026: MOF/GAC/SAT 2026 No. 17 on import-stage preferences was read only in a summary of a third-party copy [summary]; it reportedly continues pre-2026 preferences "with expiry dates after 1 Jan 2026", and this exemption had no expiry date. See cn.gap-import-vat-2026.

  • VAT on standard gold sold off-exchange

    Standard gold not sold through SGE or SHFE

    税率
    13% (standard VAT rate on goods)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11 point 2; VAT Law, 2025 No. 11 point 2; VAT Law art. 10(1)

  • Resource tax on gold ore or concentrate

    ref.ms-ore, ref.ms-concentrate

    税率
    2%-6% ad valorem, rate set by each province (e.g. Shandong 4.5% ore / 4.2% concentrate; Henan and Yunnan 6% / 4.5%; Hubei 6%; Zhejiang and Ningxia 3% / 2%, as of 2020)
    计税基础
    Sales value of raw ore or concentrate
    缴纳人
    Mining-right holder
    征收机构
    Local tax bureau (SAT)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Resource Tax Law, Arts. 2, 3, 12 and rate table

    研究备注: [summary] The provincial rates in the rate field come from a 2020 press report (China Gold News via The Paper), not from the provincial decisions. [unconfirmed] Current provincial rates: the Shandong decision could not be downloaded (czt.shandong.gov.cn HTTP 404; wb.flk.npc.gov.cn connection error). The 2%-6% range and the provincial rate-setting rule are read in the law (arts. 2-3 and the rate table).

  • Earlier VAT regime for SGE members' sales of standard gold (Caishui [2002] 142 point 2)

    税率
    No physical delivery: exempt; physical delivery: the tax authority issued a special invoice at the actual price and VAT was levied and immediately refunded, with urban construction tax and education surcharges exempt (for sales through the exchange with its settlement voucher)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Caishui [2002] 142, Point 2

  • VAT on standard gold withdrawn by a member for investment use

    Member withdrawals for direct sale or processing into 99.5%+ bars, ingots or legal gold coins

    税率
    VAT levied and immediately refunded to the exchange (即征即退), urban construction tax and education surcharges exempt; the exchange issues the member a special invoice (label 会员单位投资性黄金) whose VAT the member deducts; the member's onward sales carry ordinary invoices only
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 points 1(1), 5; SAT No. 23 point 2

  • VAT on SGE / SHFE trades of standard gold without physical delivery

    Standard gold (AU99.99/99.95/99.9/99.5; 50 g, 100 g, 1 kg, 3 kg, 12.5 kg) traded on the exchange

    税率
    Exempt: the seller's sale to the exchange, and the exchange's sale while no physical delivery takes place; the buyer receives a settlement invoice (结算发票)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 point 1; SAT No. 23 point 1

  • VAT on standard gold withdrawn for non-investment use or by a client

    Jewellery, industrial and other non-investment uses; all client withdrawals

    税率
    Exempt at the exchange (ordinary invoice); general-taxpayer buyer deducts input VAT at 6%; onward sales taxed normally with special invoices
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2025 No. 11; SAT Announcement 2025 No. 23, 2025 No. 11 point 1(2)-(3); SAT No. 23 points 3-4

  • Mining-right transfer income (矿业权出让收益)

    税率
    Transaction price at grant, plus 2.3% a year of concentrate sales revenue (excl. VAT)
    计税基础
    Annual sales revenue of gold concentrate (选矿产品)
    缴纳人
    Mining-right holder
    征收机构
    Tax authority (payment notice for the grant price; annual self-declaration)
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024 art. 21; Caizong [2023] 10, Caizong [2023] 10 arts. 8-9, 24, 33 and rate list item 12

  • VAT on producers' sales of non-standard gold and gold ore

    Sales of gold other than standard gold, and gold ore (incl. associated gold), by gold producers and dealers

    税率
    Exempt
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Caishui [2002] 142, Point 1

    研究备注: [time-limited] Replaced from 1 Jan 2026 by cn.tax-vat-producer-2026 (MOF/SAT 2026 No. 10 art. 6 ended the pre-2026 domestic preferences).

  • VAT on gold producers' and dealers' sales of non-standard gold and gold ore (2026-2027)

    Sales of gold other than standard gold (AU9999, AU9995, AU999, AU995 in 50 g, 100 g, 1 kg, 3 kg, 12.5 kg) and of gold ore (incl. associated gold) by gold producers and dealers

    税率
    Exempt
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: MOF/SAT Announcement 2026 No. 10, 二(二)24

    研究备注: [time-limited] Ends 31 Dec 2027 unless renewed.

管制

  • Dealers in precious-metal spot trading are specific non-financial institutions (AML Law art. 64(3)). Under the PBoC Measures (in force 1 Aug 2025) they must run AML controls, assess risk at least every 3 years, carry out CDD incl. beneficial owners on cash of RMB 100,000 or more, report large cash transactions to CAMLMAC within 5 working days and suspicious ones regardless of amount, and keep records 10 years. Banks trading precious metals follow the rules for financial institutions (Measures art. 38). Gold imports and exports must comply with AML rules (Import/Export Measures art. 22).

    类型
    反洗钱
    门槛
    Cash of RMB 100,000 single or daily cumulative (Measures arts. 2, 15, 24)
    生效日期
    2025-01-01
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: AML Law 2024; PBoC PM AML Measures; Import/Export Measures, AML Law arts. 34, 64; Measures arts. 2, 13-16, 24-26, 38; Import/Export Measures art. 22

  • SGE deposit and delivery accept only standard ingots/bars from SGE-accredited refiners, or from suppliers accredited by an SGE-recognised international market. The Delivery Rules (Annex 2) and the overseas criteria name LBMA Good Delivery refiners; overseas refiners can also be accredited directly (list HW001-HW008).

    类型
    金条标准
    官方指引未记录

    法律依据: SGE Detailed Delivery Rules; SGE Vault Measures; SGE Refiner Measures and Overseas Criteria, Delivery Rules Art. 11 and Annex 2; Vault Measures Art. 4; Overseas Criteria arts. 6, 19

  • Exports of unwrought gold are subject to the same PBoC qualification and per-batch permit; the export is VAT-exempt without refund (MOF/SAT 2026 No. 11 art. 6 and annex 8).

    类型
    其他
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Arts. 3, 8

  • Foreign-exchange receipts and payments arising from gold imports and exports follow SAFE rules (Measures art. 23): current-account payments are unrestricted but need a genuine, lawful transaction basis checked by the bank and are made against valid documents (FX Regulations arts. 5, 12, 14); receipts may be repatriated or held abroad under SAFE conditions (art. 9).

    类型
    外汇管制
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; FX Regulations, Measures art. 23; FX Regulations arts. 5, 9, 12, 14

    研究备注: [not-read] SAFE detailed goods-trade FX guidelines not held.

  • Import and export of gold and gold products in the PBoC catalogue need a PBoC permit presented to Customs: one permit per batch, used within 40 working days, only for entities holding the PBoC qualification; the PBoC may restrict quantities for macro-economic reasons (art. 3). No other channel is lawful (art. 21). Customs does not release restricted goods without the licence (Customs Law art. 24).

    类型
    进口限制
    门槛
    Every batch
    生效日期
    2015-04-01
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures; Customs Law, Measures arts. 3, 4, 8, 17, 21; Customs Law art. 24

  • Gold carried into China by travellers is not limited in quantity but must be declared to Customs; gold may be carried out only against a PBoC certificate or up to the quantity declared on entry (Gold and Silver Regulations arts. 25-26). The Import/Export Measures (art. 4) leave rules for individuals carrying gold to the PBoC and Customs.

    类型
    跨境申报
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Silver Regulations (rev. 2011); Import/Export Measures, Regulations arts. 25-26; Measures art. 4

    研究备注: [not-read] The PBoC/GAC rules on individuals carrying gold across the border (Measures art. 4) are not held; the Customs thresholds applied in practice are not confirmed.

  • Qualified importers/exporters must help balance domestic physical supply; imported gold must be registered and first traded on the State Council-approved gold spot exchange (SGE).

    类型
    其他
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 6

  • Import and export of national gold reserves are handled only by the PBoC; gold coins (incl. commemorative) only by an institution the PBoC designates (Measures art. 5). Gold coins are minted and issued only by the PBoC (Gold and Silver Regulations art. 21).

    类型
    国家垄断
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 5

  • No permit is needed for processing trade, for movements between special customs supervision areas/bonded sites and abroad or between such areas, or for repair, return and temporary import/export; Customs supervises them.

    类型
    其他
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures, Art. 20

  • Special preventive measures: for persons on the counter-terrorism list, the Foreign Ministry notices implementing UN Security Council targeted financial sanctions, and the PBoC high-risk list, institutions must immediately stop services and restrict transfers of funds and assets and report to the PBoC (AML Law art. 40; PM Measures art. 27). Under the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law, persons in China must implement Chinese countermeasures and must not implement or assist foreign discriminatory measures against Chinese persons (arts. 11-12).

    类型
    制裁
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: AML Law 2024; PBoC PM AML Measures; Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law, AML Law art. 40; Measures art. 27; AFSL arts. 11-12

  • Mining without a mining right: ordered to stop; confiscation of tools, equipment and the minerals taken; fine of 3 to 5 times the market value of the minerals illegally extracted, or RMB 100,000 to 1,000,000 where nothing was extracted or the value is under RMB 100,000; suspension if the activity continues.

    类型
    其他
    生效日期
    2025-07-01
    法律原文未记录

    法律依据: Mineral Resources Law 2024, Art. 64

贸易流量

  • China imported large volumes in 2026; origin split (Switzerland, Hong Kong, others) not obtained.

    数据: 764 t in H1 2026 (+138% y/y); 152 t net in June; 118 t net in July 2026

    行业惯例未记录

    研究备注: World Gold Council analysis of customs data; China customs and Hong Kong/Swiss partner data not read.

  • PBoC gold holdings rose every month from Nov 2024 to Aug 2026 (22 months); August 2026 purchase about 20 t, the largest since Oct 2023.

    数据: 73.45 Moz (Jan 2025), 74.15 Moz (Dec 2025), 76.73 Moz (Aug 2026, about 2,387 t; about 9% of reserves); gold valued US$350.1bn of US$3,854.9bn total reserves at end-Aug 2026

    官方指引未记录
  • Domestic output fell in H1 2026 during mine-safety campaigns; consumption shifted from jewellery to bars and coins after the tax change.

    数据: H1 2026: domestic-ore gold 152.908 t (-14.62%), imported-ore gold 77.080 t, total 229.988 t; consumption 511.412 t (jewellery 132.133 t -33.88%; bars and coins 339.336 t +28.42%; industrial 39.943 t)

    行业惯例未记录
  • SGE activity and wholesale withdrawals.

    数据: SGE H1 2026 volume 16,100 t single-side (-4.37%), turnover RMB 16.57 trn (+36.75%); SGE withdrawals 62 t in Aug 2026 (-27% y/y); Chinese gold ETFs 293 t

    行业惯例未记录

实践与法律不符之处

可靠来源显示的、法律未作规定的实际情况。

  • [conflict] The Gold and Gold Products Import/Export Measures (art. 11(5), cn.src-impexp-govcn, unchanged by the 2020 amendment) require applicants for a gold-products permit to submit the stamped Foreign Trade Operator Filing Form (对外贸易经营者备案表). The Foreign Trade Law as revised in 2025 (in force 1 Mar 2026, cn.src-foreign-trade-law-2025) defines foreign-trade operators by business registration (art. 11) and contains no operator filing. The model keeps the requirement as written in the Measures and tags cn.cr-foreign-trade-filing; whether the PBoC still asks for the form is not confirmed.

    法律原文未记录

    研究备注: [conflict] Affects cn.cr-foreign-trade-filing.

  • [conflict] The Regulations on the Control of Gold and Silver (1983, revised 2011, cn.src-gold-silver-regs) still say that all mined, recovered and imported-ore gold must be sold to the PBoC (arts. 3, 5, 8-11) and that purchasing needs PBoC permission (art. 8). Later instruments assume an open market: gold is traded on the SGE by members and clients (PBoC Yinfa [2011] 93; SGE rules), qualified entities import and export under the 2015 Measures, and MOF/SAT 2026 No. 10 exempts gold producers' and dealers' sales of non-standard gold and ore. The model follows the SGE market framework as the current law in practice. The State Council decisions that removed the PBoC purchase and distribution approvals are not held (cn.gap-gold-market-reform), so which articles of the 1983 Regulations still bind is not confirmed.

    法律原文未记录OCR

    研究备注: [conflict] Affects cn.st-06, cn.proc-mine-to-first-sale, cn.law-gold-silver-regs.

  • [conflict] SGE's fee schedule updated January 2026 (cn.src-sge-fees-2026) lists International Board storage rates (IB gold trading-vault stock 0.6 / 0.18 / 1.8 yuan per kg per day; safekeeping 0.18) and load-in/out fees of 2 yuan/kg, while the SGE International Board page (cn.src-sge-intl-board) says storage, load-in/out, moving and other service fees for international members and clients are currently waived, subject to the latest SGE announcement. The model states both; the waiver announcement itself is not held.

    官方指引未记录

    研究备注: [conflict] Affects cn.st-29.

  • Before the 2024 AML Law, FATF found dealers in precious metals outside SGE's 253 members and their institutional customers essentially unsupervised; R.22 and R.23 stayed Non-Compliant through the 2022 follow-up. The 2024 Law and the PBoC sector Measures (in force 1 Aug 2025) are recent, and the 2025 national sector assessment says small institutions' AML foundations still need strengthening.

    标准无法访问未记录

    研究备注: [summary] The FATF figures (253 SGE members; R.22/R.23 Non-Compliant through 2022) come from summarised reads; the FATF reports could not be downloaded (bot challenge). The 2025 sector assessment (held, read in full) says the AML work of small and medium institutions still needs strengthening; the PBoC Measures took effect on 1 Aug 2025.

  • The 2025 sector risk assessment names smuggling proceeds, telecom fraud, illegal fund-raising and corruption as predicate crimes, and gold used as an 'underground transaction medium' and swapped with virtual assets, outside the permit and SGE channel.

    官方指引未记录

我们未能获取的内容

研究所需但未能获得的文件、它们可能所在的位置,以及原因。

  • The beneficial-ownership thresholds (25% ownership or earnings/voting rights, control) used for CDD by precious-metals dealers.

    缺失文件
    PBoC and SAMR Measures on the Administration of Beneficial Ownership Information (受益所有人信息管理办法), 2024
    可能所在
    pbc.gov.cn Treaty and Law Department (规章)
    未获取原因
    Not attempted in this pass (found only as a citation in the industry guide at the end of the session; search budget exhausted).
  • FATF/APG mutual evaluation of China (2019) and the 2022 follow-up report, cited for the pre-2024 supervision of dealers in precious metals.

    缺失文件
    FATF MER China 2019; FATF 3rd enhanced follow-up report China 2022
    可能所在
    https://www.fatf-gafi.org/content/dam/fatf-gafi/mer/MER-China-2019.pdf; apgml.org
    未获取原因
    fatf-gafi.org returned a bot challenge (CHALLENGE) to the Mac-host download on 28 Sep 2026.
  • State Council decisions that abolished the PBoC unified purchase and distribution approvals for gold (the basis for the open SGE market), needed to settle which parts of the 1983 Gold and Silver Regulations still apply.

    缺失文件
    State Council decisions cancelling administrative approvals (2003 onwards) that cover gold purchase, distribution and processing approvals
    可能所在
    gov.cn State Council document library; xzfg.moj.gov.cn (national administrative-regulations database, status of 金银管理条例)
    未获取原因
    Not identified by number in this session (web search budget exhausted); the MOJ database is script-rendered.
  • Import origin breakdown (Switzerland, Hong Kong, others) and whether PBoC quota-like limits on permits apply in practice.

    缺失文件
    China customs detailed statistics; Hong Kong C&SD and Swiss FOCBS partner data
    未获取原因
    Trade statistics, not a legal document; the GAC statistics database is script-rendered. Not attempted further in this legal pass.
  • Whether the import-stage VAT exemption for gold and gold ore (Caishui [2002] 142 point 1) continues after the VAT Law took effect on 1 Jan 2026.

    缺失文件
    MOF, GAC and SAT Announcement 2026 No. 17 (财政部 海关总署 税务总局关于增值税法施行后进口环节增值税优惠政策衔接事项的公告), 10 Feb 2026, with any list of continued documents
    可能所在
    https://guizhou.chinatax.gov.cn/wjjb/zcfgk/szfl/zzs/202602/t20260211_89506291.html; gss.mof.gov.cn; www.customs.gov.cn
    未获取原因
    Three download attempts from the Mac host failed with a connection error (29 Sep 2026); the fetch tool timed out on robots.txt. Only a summarised third-party copy was read.
  • How and where the PBoC buys reserve gold.

    未获取原因
    Not disclosed by the PBoC
  • Specimen of the PBoC permit and application form (Measures 附1, 附2), the PBoC service guide, and the current Catalogue of gold and gold products under import/export management (黄金及黄金制品进出口管理商品目录).

    缺失文件
    PBoC permit and application-form specimens; 黄金及黄金制品进出口管理商品目录 (current)
    可能所在
    http://www.pbc.gov.cn/zhengwugongkai/resource/cms/2021/12/2021122714495366216.pdf (HTTP 404 from the Mac host on 29 Sep 2026); PBoC government services portal
    未获取原因
    The 2021 PBoC PDF returned 404 from the Mac host; no other official URL found in this session (web search budget exhausted). The 2020 amending order is now held.
  • Current provincial resource-tax rates for gold ore and concentrate (e.g. Shandong, Henan, Yunnan).

    缺失文件
    Provincial People's Congress Standing Committee decisions on resource-tax rates (2020), e.g. 山东省人民代表大会常务委员会关于山东省资源税具体适用税率、计征方式和免征或者减征办法的决定
    可能所在
    http://czt.shandong.gov.cn/art/2020/6/15/art_100310_10290188.html; https://wb.flk.npc.gov.cn/dfxfg/PDF/50de1ae4f094448680224aa60004e69e.pdf
    未获取原因
    czt.shandong.gov.cn returned HTTP 404 and wb.flk.npc.gov.cn a connection error from the Mac host (29 Sep 2026, two attempts).
  • PBoC notice setting the channel for precious-metals dealers' large-value and suspicious transaction reports (SGE, China Gold Association and others report for their members).

    缺失文件
    PBoC General Office notice Yinbanfa [2025] 145 (中国人民银行办公厅关于贵金属和宝石从业机构开展大额交易和可疑交易报告报送工作的通知)
    可能所在
    pbc.gov.cn (may not be public)
    未获取原因
    Known only from the industry guide; no public URL found in this session.
  • MFN import duty rate and customs supervision-certificate code for HS 7108.

    缺失文件
    Customs Import and Export Tariff of the PRC 2026 (税则), heading 7108; GAC supervision-certificate code list; Customs Tariff Law 2024
    可能所在
    http://www.customs.gov.cn (online tariff query, script-rendered); gss.mof.gov.cn
    未获取原因
    The 2026 tariff adjustment and its annexes 1 and 6 were downloaded and searched: no line for 7108. The full tariff schedule is published as a book and a script-rendered GAC query, not as a downloadable text; needs a person to look up 7108 in the GAC query and save the result.

经过中国的路线

国家对

来源

该国研究引用的每一个来源,以及阅读了多少、如何阅读。