向研究提问
The EFTA-Peru FTA has been in force for Switzerland since 1 July 2011, but Switzerland charges no duty on HS 7108 anyway, so it changes nothing for gold. The one bilateral gold-specific arrangement is the Swiss Better Gold Initiative (SECO with the Swiss Better Gold Association), a voluntary responsible-ASM supply programme in Peru, Colombia and Bolivia. The flow is mostly doré (2024 unit value about US$16k/kg).
本页的可信程度
- 官方指引 1
- 未经核实 1
- 研究备注 2
实践与法律不符之处
可靠来源显示的、法律未作规定的实际情况。
Historic laundering on this leg is recorded in the Peru module: Metalor took about US$3.5bn from Minersur (2010-2018) and 91 kg bound for Switzerland was seized in 2018 (pe.tf-historic-us-ch, pe.div-front-exporters).
未经核实研究备注: Rests on sources cited in the Peru module (InSight Crime), not re-opened in this pass.
未记录来源Swiss imports from Peru exceeded Peru's reported exports to Switzerland by about 10% by value and 8% by weight in 2024: a modest gap, possibly timing or valuation of doré content.
数据: CH US$2,766.5m vs PE US$2,504.7m; 169,435 kg vs 157,553 kg
官方指引研究备注: Researcher's arithmetic; cause not investigated.
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