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No bilateral gold instrument: ASEAN (ATIGA) and RCEP cover the pair, but Singapore charges no duty on gold for anyone, and Indonesia's export duty (from 23 Dec 2025, up to 15%) and 100% export-proceeds retention apply to every destination. Singapore was Indonesia's largest gold destination in 2024, and both sides' figures match almost exactly (about 10.1 t, US$782m). After the export duty took effect, Indonesia's recorded gold exports collapsed (44.5 kg in Q1 2026 against 15.39 t a year earlier), and couriers carrying bars to Singapore are among the cases customs intercepts.
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Customs interceptions of hand-carried gold continue: on 5 Sep 2026 at Sam Ratulangi airport (Manado) 5.721 kg was seized from a passenger heading to Singapore, one of several September 2026 seizures totalling over 29 kg (others bound for Hong Kong, Bangkok and Guangzhou).
数据: 5.721 kg (to Singapore); >29 kg, ~IDR 73.3bn total (5-14 Sep 2026)
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