新加坡

Registration and AML/CFT/CPF supervision of precious stones and precious metals dealers under the PSPM Act 2019; guidelines, codes of practice, suspension and cancellation of registrations

网站

https://acd.mlaw.gov.sg/

TradeNet import and export permits, IPM GST-relief permits, UNSC trade sanctions (RIER), Zero-GST warehouses and free trade zones

网站

https://www.customs.gov.sg/

Endorses refiners that intend to join the LBMA (or LPPM) Good Delivery List, so their bars count as IPM and they can apply for ARCS (GST Act Fourth Schedule Part 3 para 2(a)(iii); GST (General) Regulations reg 46A(1)(a)(iii)). IRAS states that no refiner is currently endorsed.

网站

https://www.enterprisesg.gov.sg/

GST including the IPM exemption and the Approved Refiner and Consolidator Scheme (ARCS)

网站

https://www.iras.gov.sg/

Good Delivery List (which IRAS uses to define IPM bars) and Responsible Gold Guidance for listed refiners; private standard, not Singapore law

网站

https://www.lbma.org.uk/

Licenses and supervises financial institutions (which the PSPM Exempt Persons Order exempts from dealer registration); targeted financial sanctions for financial institutions; announced central bank gold vaulting services for foreign central banks by October 2026 and gold accounts for selected Singapore bullion banks

网站

https://www.mas.gov.sg/

Member association of bullion banks, refiners, traders and vaults; market conventions, publishes loco Singapore kilobar premium (from Oct 2022)

网站

https://sbma.org.sg/

Financial intelligence unit: receives STRs, cash transaction reports (NP 784) from regulated dealers and cross-border cash movement reports

网站

https://www.police.gov.sg/Advisories/Commercial-Crimes/Suspicious-Transaction-Reporting-Office

A.C.T. protocol (Add intervention, Check red flags, Tell about ScamShield) on gold bar, jewellery and watch purchases above S$20,000.

类型

指引

生效日期

2026-04-02

s.8(4) GST on importation of goods other than exempt imports; s.16(ca)-(cb) rate 8% in 2023, 9% from 1 Jan 2024; s.21(1)-(2) zero-rating of exports; s.22(1) exempt supplies (Fourth Schedule Part 1, para 1A investment precious metals) and s.22(1A) exempt imports (Part 2: gold bars, ingots, wafers of 99.5%+ with investment characteristics; prescribed coins; para 1A excludes decorative and collector's bars); Part 3 para 2 investment characteristics (LBMA Good Delivery refiner current or former, or Enterprise Singapore-endorsed intending refiner; internationally accepted mark); s.37B approved refiners and consolidators.

引用

2020 Revised Edition; version in force from 11 Sep 2026

类型

法案

Import GST suspension for approved refiners/consolidators; eligibility; TradeNet declaration (INP / APS / place of receipt ARCS).

类型

指引

IPM definition (gold 99.5%+, bars/ingots/wafers from current or former LBMA Good Delivery refiners or Enterprise Singapore-endorsed refiners), TradeNet codes, toll refining.

引用

20th edition, 30 Jan 2026 (the 14th edition of 15 Oct 2020 read in r1 is superseded)

类型

指引

生效日期

2012-10-01

Applies to all financial institutions regulated by MAS. Para 3: no business relations, transactions, services or transfers with Designated Banks (Annex A: VTB Bank, Vnesheconombank, Promsvyazbank, Bank Rossiya, and entities they own, control or direct) and immediate freezing of their assets; para 4: no financing or services relating to export, transhipment or transit to Russia of military goods or Category 3-5 dual-use goods of the Strategic Goods (Control) Order 2021 as at 16 Mar 2022; para 5: Russian government / central bank securities issued on or after 14 Mar 2022 and new loans from 1 Jul 2025; para 6: Donetsk/Luhansk sectors incl. mineral resources; para 7: DPT transactions; para 9: duty to inform MAS. Gold as such is not named. Replaced the SNR-N01 of 14 March 2022 (cancelled with effect from 1 Jul 2025; page states). MAS Notice SNR-N02 (30 Jun 2025, from 1 Jul 2025) excludes from para 3 payments of basic expenses and routine fees of Designated Banks/Entities (para 3), withdrawals on termination of business relations and Russian Embassy transactions (para 4), with records to be kept (para 5).

引用

MAS Notice SNR-N01, issued under s.3(1) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2022

类型

条例

生效日期

2025-07-01

Definitions (precious metal = the Schedule Part 1: gold, silver, platinum group and alloys with at least 2% in weight of them; regulated dealing incl. importing or possessing for sale, selling, buying for resale, manufacturing); no regulated dealing without registration; registration and renewal; regulatory action (cancel, suspend up to 6 months, financial penalty up to $100,000); designated transaction and the $20,000 threshold; CDD; cash transaction reports; records; programmes; targeted financial sanctions; STR copy to Registrar; codes of practice and guidelines (section numbers in refs).

引用

Act 7 of 2019; 2020 Revised Edition (in operation 31 December 2021); amended by Act 18 of 2022 (commencement 28 April 2023) and Act 6 of 2024, the Prevention of Proliferation Financing and Other Matters Act 2024 (commencement 1 May 2024), which renamed it. Held in full as sg.pspm-act-2019.

类型

法案

生效日期

2019-04-10

Para 3: financial institutions are exempt from Part 2 (registration) and ss.16, 17(3), 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the Act. Para 4: a foreign dealer carrying on business in Singapore for not more than 90 days in a year is exempt from Part 2 and s.19 only.

引用

G.N. No. S 307/2019 (gazetted 8 Apr 2019); amended by S 991/2020; 2025 Revised Edition

类型

条例

生效日期

2019-04-10

reg 3 cash equivalent; reg 4 further designated transactions (token redemptions, secondhand-dealer same-day purchases); reg 4A CDD also required where a sale is paid in non-jewellery gold or digital payment tokens above $20,000; regs 5-6 CDD content; reg 7 enhanced CDD (PEPs, FATF call-for-action jurisdictions, Registrar-notified persons, high risk); reg 12 CTR on Form NP 784 within 15 business days, copy kept 5 years; reg 13 records 5 years and six-monthly business records; reg 14 risk assessment, IPPC, compliance officer, independent audit; reg 16 targeted financial sanctions; regs 17-19 fees and period of registration (1, 2 or 3 years); regs 20-21 notifications.

引用

G.N. No. S 306/2019; 2025 Revised Edition (first published 16 Dec 2025)

类型

条例

生效日期

2019-04-10

Reg 3 permit for every import/export (no permit for non-controlled air imports up to $400, reg 3(2A), or air exports up to $1,000, reg 3(3)); reg 5A permit for all goods from or bound for the DPRK; reg 6(1)(b) no import/export/transhipment contravening UNSC decisions; reg 6(2)(c) and Seventh Schedule country lists (DPRK: gold may not be imported, item (9), nor exported, luxury items (5)(k)); reg 6(2B) and Eighth Schedule (Russia: military goods and Category 3-5 dual-use goods of the SGCO 2021 as at 16 Mar 2022); Part III certificates of origin (reg 24A: exporters may issue non-preferential certificates for non-controlled exports); Part IVA registration of declaring entities, agents and declarants; reg 45 penalty.

引用

Cap. 272A, Rg 1 (1999 Revised Edition), version in force from 1 Jan 2025

类型

条例

Lists the strategic goods; gold is not among them. RIER Eighth Schedule freezes its military-goods list and dual-use Categories 3-5 "as in force on 16 March 2022" for the Russia export ban. As a general list it has been replaced (current: SGCO 2025); the revoking instrument is not held.

引用

G.N. No. S 564/2021; in operation 1 Oct 2021

类型

条例

生效日期

2021-10-01

Current list of strategic goods (revokes the 2024 Order); gold is not a strategic good. The Russia ban in RIER still refers to the 2021 Order as at 16 Mar 2022.

引用

G.N. No. S 660/2025

类型

条例

生效日期

2025-12-01

Registrar's detailed expectations on CDD, ECDD, CTR, STR, screening, records, risk assessment, compliance officer and audit.

类型

指引

生效日期

2026-05-12

s.45(1) disclosure of knowledge or suspicion (STR) by anyone who learns of it in the course of business; s.45(3) penalty; Part 6A ss.58-63: report of movements of "cash" (physical currency and bearer negotiable instruments only) above the prescribed amount into or out of Singapore (s.60) and of receipts from abroad within 5 business days (s.62). CMR Regulations 2007 (S 595/2007): prescribed amount S$20,000 for s.60(1) (reg 2A) and s.62(1) (reg 4A); Forms NP 727/NP 728 (regs 3-5). Disclosure under Section 45 Regulations 2024 (S 598/2024, from 1 Aug 2024): an STR under s.45(1) must be made electronically on SONAR, or by email to STRO on the Office's form when SONAR is unavailable (reg 3).

类型

法案

s.128 untrue, incorrect or incomplete declarations; s.128A falsified documents.

引用

2020 Revised Edition; version in force from 1 Apr 2025

类型

法案

FTZ Act s.2: customs territory excludes any free trade zone; s.5: goods (other than absolutely prohibited goods) may be brought into, stored, sold and repacked in an FTZ. Customs guidance: duty and GST are suspended for goods stored in an FTZ or a licensed zero-GST warehouse until they enter customs territory for local use. Zero-GST warehouses: GST Act s.37(1): supplies of imported goods while under customs control (removed from, or made available in, a place under customs control) are disregarded for GST; s.37(5)(b): regulations may license warehouses for this purpose; GST (General) Regulations Part 14 (Warehousing regime), reg 94: the Comptroller may license a warehouse ("bonded warehouse") for storage of goods under customs control as referred to in s.37. The Customs ZGS Handbook (Jul 2025) requires licensees to comply with Regulations 94 to 103 of the GST (General) Regulations.

类型

法案

Reg 13A: invoice for an exempt IPM supply within 30 days, with the listed particulars. Reg 46A: approval of refiners and consolidators (ARCS), import GST suspension (46A(8)(a), (12)(a)), no GST on goods supplied to another approved person (46A(8)(b), (12)(b)), full input tax for approved refiners (46A(17)), notice within 30 days of ceasing to qualify (46A(7)(b)). Regs 26-27 (disallowed input tax) are cited by IRAS and were not read.

引用

Version in force from 21 Sep 2026

类型

条例

Parent Act of the RIER; s.28 false declarations (fine up to $10,000 and/or 2 years); s.28A incorrect trade descriptions.

引用

2020 Revised Edition; version in force from 9 Mar 2025

类型

法案

s.8 duty to inform the police immediately of possession of, or information about transactions in, property of terrorists or terrorist entities; s.10 duty to disclose information about terrorism-financing offences.

类型

法案

IRAS approval letter; TradeNet place-of-receipt code ARCS

持有人

Refinery in Singapore (LBMA Good Delivery listed; ARCS Approved Refiner)

签发机构

IRAS (Comptroller of GST)

有效期

For such period as the Comptroller determines (reg 46A(6)); IRAS: valid while the conditions are met. Notify the Comptroller within 30 days of failing a requirement (reg 46A(7)(b)).

Listing on LBMA Good Delivery List; endorsement letter

持有人

Refinery in Singapore (LBMA Good Delivery listed; ARCS Approved Refiner)

签发机构

LBMA (endorsement: Enterprise Singapore)

有效期

Ongoing subject to LBMA proactive monitoring

持有人

Scrap/material consolidator (ARCS Approved Consolidator)

签发机构

Registrar of Regulated Dealers

有效期

Annual per the ACD Renewal page ("To be renewed annually"); the Regulations allow the Registrar to register for one year or 2 or 3 years.

持有人

Refinery in Singapore (LBMA Good Delivery listed; ARCS Approved Refiner)

签发机构

Registrar of Regulated Dealers

有效期

Annual per the ACD Renewal page ("To be renewed annually"); the Regulations allow the Registrar to register for one year or 2 or 3 years.

费用

S$120 application fee (first registration; no application fee on renewal with effect from 10 April 2021) + S$350 per year of registration per permitted place of business

持有人

Vault operator / precious-metals custodian (incl. in the Changi FTZ Freeport)

签发机构

Singapore Customs

有效期

Annual licence

费用

Annual licence fee by average stock value: S$1,390 / S$3,480 / S$5,570 (periods from 1 Jan 2025)

持有人

Scrap/material consolidator (ARCS Approved Consolidator)

签发机构

IRAS (Comptroller of GST)

有效期

Open-ended while conditions are met

持有人

Declaring agent (TradeNet)

签发机构

Singapore Customs

有效期

Ongoing

持有人

Refinery in Singapore (LBMA Good Delivery listed; ARCS Approved Refiner)

签发机构

IRAS

有效期

Ongoing

持有人

Bullion bank (MAS-licensed bank)

签发机构

Monetary Authority of Singapore

有效期

Ongoing

持有人

Registered bullion dealer / trader (PSPM registered dealer)

签发机构

Registrar of Regulated Dealers (MinLaw ACD)

有效期

Annual

费用

S$120 application + S$250 per year per place of business (reg 18(1)(a)(i))

Certificate of registration; entry on the public List of Registered Dealers

持有人

Registered bullion dealer / trader (PSPM registered dealer)

签发机构

Registrar of Regulated Dealers (MinLaw ACD) via GoBusiness

有效期

The Registrar may register for one year or 2 or 3 years; the ACD Renewal page says "To be renewed annually". A renewal application should be submitted when the registration is expiring in the next 3 months; an expired registration cannot be renewed (a new application is needed).

费用

S$120 application fee for registration; no application fee on renewal with effect from 10 April 2021 (ACD Renewal page). Registration fee S$350 per year of registration per permitted place of business (registration not subject to the condition that every item sold be less than S$2,000 a piece; with that condition, Class A, S$250).

持有人

Registered bullion dealer / trader (PSPM registered dealer)

签发机构

STRO

有效期

Ongoing

持有人

Registered bullion dealer / trader (PSPM registered dealer)

签发机构

Singapore Customs

有效期

Ongoing

All gold (HS 7108 etc.); only liquor, tobacco, motor vehicles and petroleum products are dutiable

税率

None

征收机构

Singapore Customs

Materials imported by Approved Refiners/Consolidators for refining into IPM; supplies between ARCS persons (except refining services)

税率

Suspended

Export of IPM and non-IPM gold with export documentation

税率

0% (zero-rated)

Gold bars, ingots, wafers of 99.5%+ from current/former LBMA GD refiners (or ESG-endorsed), with hallmark; prescribed coins; not decorative/collector bars

税率

Exempt

征收机构

Singapore Customs for IRAS

Import and supply of doré, scrap, jewellery, non-qualifying bars (e.g. from non-LBMA refiners, decorative)

税率

9%

计税基础

Import value (CIF plus charges) or supply price

缴纳人

Importer / supplier

征收机构

Singapore Customs (imports) / IRAS

Import and supply of doré, scrap, jewellery, non-qualifying bars

税率

8%

Refining/toll-refining fees

税率

9% local; zero-rated to overseas customers

Sale of qualifying IPM in Singapore

税率

Exempt

税率

S$120 application fee (not on renewal since 10 Apr 2021); S$250 (Class A) or S$350 (Class B) per year per place of business

缴纳人

Dealer

征收机构

MinLaw ACD

类型

反洗钱

门槛

S$20,000

类型

跨境申报

门槛

S$20,000

类型

反洗钱

门槛

No value floor for bullion; unregistered dealing: fine up to S$75,000 or imprisonment up to 3 years or both, plus up to S$7,500 for every day of a continuing offence

生效日期

2019-04-10

类型

制裁

类型

金条标准

生效日期

2012-10-01

类型

冲突地区尽职调查

类型

制裁

生效日期

2022-03-16

类型

制裁

类型

反洗钱

生效日期

2018-01-01

类型

现金限额

门槛

Cash or cash equivalent exceeding S$20,000 (payments in gold other than jewellery, or in digital payment tokens, are prescribed circumstances for CDD, not designated transactions, and need no CTR)

类型

反洗钱

生效日期

2026-06-24

类型

进口限制

门槛

S$400 CIF (air); 0.5 kg (personal hand-carry)

类型

反洗钱

门槛

S$20,000

生效日期

2026-04-02

类型

反洗钱

类型

制裁

Removal of GST on investment gold from 1 Oct 2012 multiplied imports; 2022 was a record import year.

数据: Imports US$1.98bn (2012) to US$16.7bn (2013); 319 t imported in 2022 (+25.2% y/y)

HS 7108 trade 2023: imports mainly from Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Thailand and the UAE; exports mainly to China, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Thailand and Indonesia.

数据: 2023 exports US$12.56bn (China 37%, Malaysia 13.1%, Hong Kong 11%, Thailand 9.3%, Indonesia 7.3%); imports US$12.56bn (Switzerland 29%, Japan 16.2%, Australia 14.8%, Thailand 8.0%, UAE 6.1%); 2022 exports US$15.52bn, imports US$17.72bn

Gold exports around US$18bn in 2025, 10th globally; commercial vault capacity above 2,000 t.

数据: ~US$18bn (2025)

Business turnover reported by Singapore's precious stones and metals dealers in 2024, about two-thirds of it precious-metals commodity trades conducted mostly outside Singapore.

数据: S$185.5 bn turnover (2024); ~64% precious-metals commodity trades; 2,024 PSMDs at 31 Dec 2024

Singapore refining takes regional mine doré and scrap (Southeast Asia) and produces kilobars for Asian demand; Metalor's plant has 150-200 t/yr capacity (2017).

数据: 150-200 t/yr capacity (Metalor, 2017)

[conflict] The IRAS ARCS e-Tax Guide (12th ed., 30 Jan 2026) and the IPM e-Tax Guide (20th ed.) cite reg 46A(16) for the approved refiner's full input-tax recovery, and reg 46A(10), (11)(a)-(b), (12), (13) for other ARCS rules; in the GST (General) Regulations as in force on 21 Sep 2026 these rules are reg 46A(17), (11), (12)(a)-(b), (13), (14). The substance matches; only the paragraph numbers differ. The model cites the Regulations' numbering.

In September 2026 the Registrar cancelled the registration of Singapore Precious Metals Exchange Pte Ltd (11 Sep 2026: serious breaches in risk assessment and management, CDD and ongoing monitoring; "not in the public interest") and suspended five Puregold.sg/Goldpay.sg entities for up to six months (14 Sep 2026: deficiencies in CDD, ECDD and risk management, and "certain business arrangements"). Registered bullion retailers and vault-programme operators have fallen short of the CDD rules in practice.

数据: 1 cancellation (11 Sep 2026), 5 suspensions (14 Sep 2026)

[conflict] The ACD Compliance Toolkit for PSMD (footnote to the CDD row) defines a "designated transaction" to include sales paid in non-jewellery gold or digital payment tokens above S$20,000. In the PSPM Act and the PMLTFPF Regulations designated transactions are cash or cash-equivalent transactions only; gold and DPT payments are "prescribed circumstances" for CDD under the Regulations, and the CTR duty attaches to designated transactions only. The Guidelines Version 5.1 (definitions table; CTR paragraph) follow the Act. The model follows the Act and Regulations: gold/DPT payments trigger CDD but no CTR. Affects sg.ctl-ctr, sg.gold.ctl-cdd-designated and the dealer steps that classify the deal and file the CTR.

FATF's 2026 evaluation rates the precious stones and metals dealer sector medium-high for money laundering in Singapore's national risk assessment and finds its risk understanding "less granular but improving"; MinLaw examinations 2020-2024 found 760 breaches among dealers. Most of the sector's turnover is precious-metals commodity trades conducted outside Singapore.

数据: 2,024 PSMDs at 31 Dec 2024; 2024 turnover S$185.5 bn, about 64% commodity trades in precious metals, mostly outside Singapore; 1,125 examinations of 1,967 PSMDs in 2020-2024; 206 high-risk and 579 medium-high-risk PSMDs (Table 4.2)

Import law checks only the bar's refiner, purity and hallmark for the GST exemption, not the mine origin; origin checks happen privately at LBMA refiners. Metal re-refined elsewhere reaches Singapore under the second refiner's name.

The PMLTFPF Regulations allow registration for one, two or three years (reg 19) and fees are computed per year of registration (reg 18); the Registrar's published practice is annual registration ("To be renewed annually").