Zimbabwe National Strategy and Action Plan for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2022-2032)

CONTENTS FOREWORD i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii ABBREVIATIONS iv DEFINITION OF TERMS v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 The rationale for the PGRFA National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) 2 2 BACKGROUND 3 2.5.1 Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development 5 2.5.2 Ministry of Environment,Tourism and Hospitality Industry 6 2.5.3 Ministry of Home Affairs and Cultural Heritage 7 2.5.4 Ministry of Local Government and Public works 7 2.5.5 Private Sector 7 2.5.6 Non-governmental Organizations 7 2.6.1 Strengths 7 2.6.2 Weaknesses 9 2.6.3 Opportunities 11 2.6.4 Threats 11 3 GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES 12 3.1 Strategy Goal 12 3.2 Specific Objectives 12 3.3 Guiding Principles 12 4 COMPONENTS, PRIORITY AREAS, STRATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES 13 4.1 Component 1: Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA 13 4.1.1 Priority 1: Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA 13 4.1.2 Priority 2: On-farm Conservation 14 4.1.3 Priority 3: In-situ Conservation 14 4.2 Component 2: Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the provisions of the ITPGRFA 14 4.2.1 Priority 1: Supporting policies and legal instruments which recognize farmers rights 15 4.2.2 Priority 2: Recognition and protection of farmer’s varieties 15 4.2.3 Priority 3: Recognition and protection of traditional knowledge systems. 16 4.2.4 Priority 4: Develop quality assurance standards for local seed production 16 4.2.5 Priority 5: Develop the provisions for PGRFA Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). 16 4.2.6 Priority 6: Foster broad participation of farmers in decision-making processes relating to their PGRFA and traditional knowledge systems 17 4.3 Component 3: PGRFA Research and Development 17 4.3.1 Priority 1: Promotion of Research and Development on PGRFA 17 4.4 Component 4: Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use 18 4.4.1 Priority 1: Capacity Development for PGRFA conservation 18 4.4.2 Priority 2: Coordination of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives 19 4.4.3 Priority 3: Communication and Publicity for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use 19 4.5 Component 5: Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use 20 4.5.1 Priority 1: Mobilizing government funds for conservation, management and sustainable use of PGRFA 20 4.5.2 Priority 2: Commercial users of PGRFA contribute an equitable share of benefits to the conservation fund and or initiatives. 20 4.5.3 Priority 3: Donor funding for conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured 20 4.5.4 Priority 4: Develop PGRFA revenue sources 21 4.5.5 Priority 5: Establishment of the national genetic resources fund 21 4.6 Component 6: PGRFA Management under disaster situations 21 4.6.1 Priority 1: Preparedness for PGRFA Disaster management 21 4.6.2 Priority 2: Coordination of PGRFA Disaster management 22 4.6.3 Priority 3: Rebuilding local seed systems post-disaster 22 5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN 23 6. IMPLEMENTATION MATRIX 37 Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture i FOREWORD The National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) comes at an opportune time in the history of Zimbabwe, where the issues of resilience and sustainability in agriculture are at the centre stage of food and nutrition security. The strategy provides operational guidelines to promote conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. It takes into account the contribution made by the indigenous communities, particularly the smallholder farmers, as custodians of genetic resources and indigenous knowledge. The strategy is a response to a series of international and national policies and instruments to which Zimbabwe is party to. These include: 1. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), which seeks to promote conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, access and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation and farmers rights. 2. Convention on Biological Diversity which seeks to promote conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and access and benefit-sharing 3. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which calls for the alignment of agricultural policies towards addressing climate change effects, promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources 4. National Development Strategy (NDS 1) and Vision 2030 5. Agriculture Food Systems Transformation Strategy 6. The National Agriculture Policy Framework’s Pillar VIII on Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture. There has been efforts at regional level towards protection of plant varieties, facilitate and expedite regional seed trade through instruments and protocols such as the SADC Harmonized Seed Regulatory System, draft SADC Plant Variety Protection (PVP) Protocol, Africa Regional Intellectual Property Organisation (ARIPO) PVP Protocol and the COMESA Seed Harmonization Regulations. Furthermore, the strategy encompasses six key components which include: (i) PGRFA conservation and sustainable use, (ii) Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the ITPGRFA, (iii) PGRFA Research and Development, (iv) Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use, (v) Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use and (vi) PGRFA management under disaster situations. The strategy is grounded on several guiding principles as follows: a) Evidence-based decision making, b) Sustainability, c) Gender, youth, and all vulnerable groups mainstreaming, and d) Participatory and responsive. Agriculture is multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary; apart from my Ministry, there are various other Ministries, along with their departments and parastatals that are important to the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA and eventually to the prosperity of the agriculture sector. In addition to these public sector players, there are other key stakeholders such as local communities, the private sector, development partners, and civil society. This reality dictates that policy processes, such as implementation, monitoring and evaluation, should be well coordinated to leverage on complementarities and avoid discord. The starting point for this is the institutionalization of the PGRFA coordination function. I am very confident that this strategy and action plan will adequately guide the operationalisation and implementation of pillar VIII for the National Agriculture Policy Framework and development plans for increased contribution to food and nutrition security and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Honourable Dr A J Masuka MINISTER OF LANDS, AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES, WATER AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture iiii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Agriculture, amongst other productive sectors, is key to Zimbabwe’s prospects of realizing Vision 2030 because of its contribution to Economic Prosperity and National Security. This strategy is part of operationalizing the National Agricultural Policy Framework under pillar VIII on Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture. The Pillar supports and acknowledges the contribution of smallholder farmers in the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources and recognizes the need to mainstream and protect farmers’ rights. The National Strategy and Action plan for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture is also an implementing tool for the Agriculture and Food Systems Transformation Strategy (AFSTS) (2020-2025) which seeks to revive, restructure, reform, rebuild and transform agriculture from a USD 5.2 billion sector to USD 8.2 billion sector, contributing 20% to GDP. PGRFA is an essential resource for strengthening resilience and sustaining smallholder agriculture in Zimbabwe. Smallholder farmers depend on the diversity of cultivated plants adaptable to the adverse climatic conditions that prevail in their communities. These farmers have managed PGRFA on-farm by growing a diversity of crops through seed selection, saving and exchange amongst themselves thus contributing to PGRFA conservation and sustainable use. PGRFA are vital for livelihoods, enhance food and nutrition security, strengthen social cohesion, maintain cultural integrity and build climate resilience. PGRFA forms the foundation for increased crop production, productivity, improved food and nutrition security, income generation and poverty alleviation, however they are under immense pressure from unsustainable utilization and displacement by new and improved varieties leading to genetic erosion. There is, therefore, need to strengthen the conservation and promote the sustainable use of PGRFA. This calls for a National Strategy and Action Plan for Food and Agriculture which addresses the key components of PGRFA which are; 1. Conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 2. Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the ITPGRFA, 3. PGRFA Research and Development, 4. Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use, 5. Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use, 6. PGRFA Management under disaster situations. The Conservation and Sustainable use component addresses the critical challenges underlying PGRFA loss. The loss of PGRFA including the crop wild relatives, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants calls for the nation to establish measures that promote the conservation, sustainable use and also carry out the supporting research and development. Strengthening ex-situ, in-situ and on-farm conservation are priority areas of focus in terms of strengthening human and institutional capacity. Component 2 targets the establishment of an enabling legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the The Constitution of Zimbabwe (Amendment No. 20) of 2013 and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). Supportive policies and legislative frameworks provide clear mechanisms or regulatory frameworks to effectively achieve all elements of farmers’ rights as enshrined in the Constitution and ITPGRFA such as preservation of traditional knowledge, domestication of international instruments, food security and Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture iii access and benefit-sharing, supportive mechanisms for saving, selling, exchanging and marketing of farmer’s seeds at a commercial level, protection of farmer’s indigenous knowledge and effective participation in policy and decision-making processes. The strategy also addresses PGRFA Research and Development under component 3. This entails broadening the scope of research to cover other PGRFA and unlocking their potential value which strengthens sustainable utilization while addressing crop productivity challenges. There is a need to refocus existing crop research development to cover neglected and underutilized PGRFA and promoting participatory research while also promoting joint planning and implementation for agricultural research, education and extension . Component 4 outlines the strategies for capacity development, coordination and communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use. Capacity development can be defined as the building and strengthening of human and institutional resources. Capacity development entails that all resources (human, infrastructure, mobility, and financial) are put in place so that the conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture can be conducted smoothly. There is need for integration of national, regional and international policies on PGRFA and this requires coordination to avoid duplication of activities and wastage of resources. Establishing coordination mechanisms for conservation is vital for cost-effective use of resources and exchange of skills and knowledge transfer among institutions. Communication is a vital component of strategy development and implementation processes. Activities that enhance awareness and promote behavioural change towards conserving PGRFA form part of the communication strategy. The establishment of an effective resource mobilization strategy under Component 5 ensures the availability of sufficient resources for the implementation of the NSAP. Component 6 aims to address PGRFA conservation and sustainable utilization in cases of disasters. It focuses on preventing loss of PGRFA through better preparedness, conservation, better coordination, capacity building and knowledge management through advanced disaster emergency response to natural disasters. It comprises strategic actions to respond to the needs of affected communities, minimise the risk, increase response preparedness, improved recovery mechanisms and mitigation of natural disasters. Given the impact of PGRFA on food and nutrition security and other sectors and vice versa, the NSAP implementation, monitoring, and evaluation will be multi-sectoral and collaborative. The NSAP will be reviewed after every three years starting in 2024. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture iviv ABBREVIATIONS ABS Access and Benefit Sharing ARC Agricultural Research Council ARID Agriculture Research Innovation and Development ARIPO Africa Regional Intellectual Property Organization ART Agricultural Research Trust AU Africa Union CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CGIAR Consultative Group of International Agricultural Research CLFPA Communal Lands Forest Produce Act COMESA Common Markert for Eastern and Southern Africa CTDO Community Technology Development Organisation CWR Crop Wild Relatives EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMA Environmental Management Agency FACHIG Farmers’ Association of Community Self Help Investment Groups FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GDP Gross Domestic Product GLIS Global Information System GMO Genetically Modified Organism GRBI Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Institute ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICT Information and Communication Technology IPR Intellectual Property Rights ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture MLAFWRD Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development NGBZ National Genebank of Zimbabwe NSAP National Strategy and Action Plan PELUM Participatory Ecological Land Use Management PGR Plant Genetic Resources PGRFA Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture PPB Participatory Plant Breeding PVP Plant Variety Protection PVS Participatory Variety selection SADC Southern Africa Development Community SAFIRE Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources SDG Sustainable Development Goals SI Statutory Instruments SPGRC SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre UPOV International Union for the Protection of New Plant Varieties Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture v DEFINITION OF TERMS Accession: A sample of plant genetic material conserved in a gene bank as an ex-situ collection. State accepts the offer or the opportunity to become a party already negotiated and signed by other States. Active collection: A collection of accessions maintained for medium-term viability. Usually contains material in the process of being characterized and evaluated.. Agro-biodiversity: The variety and variability of animals, plants and micro-organisms that are used directly or indirectly for food and agriculture, including crops, livestock, forestry and fisheries (FAO 1999). Biodiversity: The variation of life forms with a given ecosystem, biome on entire Earth. Breeder: The person who directs the final breeding of the new variety or who developed or discovered the new variety (Plant Breeders Rights Act [Chapter 18:16]) Characterization: Is the physical assessment and recording of the basic botanical and morphological characteristics or traits of plant species that can easily be seen by a naked eye or easily measured. Collection: The gathering together of germplasm (landraces, old and modern cultivars) Conservation: The management and use of known genetic resources so that they may yield the greatest sustainable benefit to the present generation while maintaining their potential to meet the needs and aspirations of generations to come. Domestication: To give an international treaty the force of law Ex-situ: Conservation of plant germplasm away from its natural habitat like freezers Farmer: A person who earn a living by farming (However in this report a farmer refers to the Zimbabwean traditional farmer who produces for household food security and sell surplus). Farmers’ rights: Rights arising from the past, present and future contributions of farmers in conserving, improving and making available plant genetic resources, particularly those in the centres of origin/diversity.” Genebank: A facility where germplasm is stored in the form of seeds, pollen or tissue culture under controlled conditions. Germplasm: Genetic material that are maintained for purposes of breeding, preservation or research. In-situ: Conservation of plant germplasm whilst in its natural habitat. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture vivi International Treaty: Convention, treaty, protocol or agreement between one or more foreign states or governments or international organisations. Landrace: Named or un-named population of domesticated and cultivated species, not being produced by the plant breeder. An early–cultivated form of a crop species, evolved from a wild population. Multiplication: Increasing seed quantity based on material from the active collection. On-farm Conservation: Conservation of plant germplasm away from its natural habitat but on-site of naturalization like on farmers’ fields. Pillar VIII on Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture: Aims to improve farmer resilience, increase productivity through mitigation and adaptation to climate shocks and sustainability of agriculture and food systems. Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic material of plants, which is of value as a resource for present and future generations of people. Plant Variety: A botanical variety, cultivar, breeding line or clone which is sufficiently homogeneous and can be differentiated from another of the same kind by one or more characteristics, which are capable of definition and recognition and is reasonably uniform and stable after repeated propagation. (Plant Breeders Rights Act [Chapter 18:16]) Ratification: International act whereby a State indicates its consent to be bound to a treaty if the parties intended to show their consent by such an act Regeneration: The growing of a sample of seeds (germplasm) from an accession to replenish the viability of the original accession. It is usually done when the viability of the original material drops to less than 80%. Sustainable use: Means the use of components of biological diversity e.g. food plants or indigenous crops in a way and at a rate that does not lead to long term decline of biological diversity, thereby maintaining its potential to meet the needs and aspiration of future generations. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Appreciation is given to the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, and Rural Development (MLAFWRD), specifically, Permanent Secretary for Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development Dr. J. Basera for his leadership role in the formulation of the National Strategy and Action Plan on PGRFA. The Ministry would like to thank all stakeholders for their contributions, candid responses, and patience in the national, provincial and district stakeholder consultations, review meetings, and the validation workshop. This work was enabled through the collaborative work by the Ministry and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the regional technical partner SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre under the SADC Food and Natural Resources Directorate. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 11 Zimbabwe remains a predominantly smallholder-led farming sector, with over a million communal farmers dependent on rain-fed agriculture and almost 70% of these earning a living on less than 2 hectares of land. These smallholder farmers face multiple challenges in their farming activities. A significant proportion of the farmers still rely on low input rain-fed crop production, with a small proportion having access to limited irrigation facilities. It is estimated that 1.8 million smallholder farmers live in the communal areas, which cover 16.4 million hectares; about half of Zimbabwe’s agricultural land. The landholding system is on a customary basis whereby local leaders allocate arable land to households and their families on a usufruct basis. This means that households have rights to use, but no rights to rent or sell their land. Another defining feature is that households are entitled to use common property resources, such as genetic resources, water for household use and irrigation, woodlands for firewood and building, and pastures for grazing cattle and other livestock. This customary system is challenged with unprecedented growth in population and livestock numbers, thereby increasing pressure on these resources. Crop production among smallholder farmers in communal areas has been on a steady decline over the past ten years. Yield trends of the staple crop maize are low but stable at about 1 tonne per hectare (MLAWRD Report, 2018). Farmers have tried to adapt to underlying challenges by relying on traditional agricultural practices which are characterized by low external inputs and include to a large extent, agro-ecological practices. Most smallholder farmers depend on the diversity of cultivated plants adaptable to the adverse climatic conditions that prevail in their communities. These farmers have managed Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) on-farms by growing a diversity of crops through seed selection, saving and exchange amongst themselves. PGRFA comprise of modern cultivars, breeding lines, genetic stocks, obsolete cultivars, farmers’ varieties/landraces, weedy races as well as crop wild relatives and wild-harvested species. PGRFA are vital for livelihoods; they enhance food and nutrition security, strengthen social cohesion, maintain cultural integrity and build climate resilience. PGRFA is the foundation for increased crop production, productivity, improved INTRODUCTION Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2 food and nutrition diversity, income generation and poverty alleviation. However, these PGRFA are under immense pressure from unsustainable utilization, being replaced by new and more popular varieties thus eventually being lost. Farmers rely on PGRFA in their production systems, thus substantially contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of crop diversity. There is therefore,a need to strengthen the conservation and promote the sustainable use of PGRFA. Zimbabwe does not have a specific strategy and action plan addressing PGRFA, which limits the capability of government and players in promoting PGRFA.conservation. In order for Zimbabwe to properly conserve its genetic resources, there is need to establish a well-coordinated and effective strategy which will clearly define priority activities and timeframes for the conservation and use of PGRFA in harmony with the Agriculture Food Systems Transformation Strategy, National Agriculture Policy Framework and other strategies in the agricultural sector. The development of the National Strategy and Action Plans aim to enhance and coordinate national programmes promoting PGRFA conservation and sustainable utilization in Zimbabwe. 1.1 The rationale for the PGRFA National Strategies and Actions Plan (NSAP) Today’s food and farming systems have succeeded in supplying large volumes of foods to global markets. However, they are generating negative outcomes in the form of widespread degradation of land, water and ecosystems, high greenhouse gas emissions; biodiversity losses, persistent hunger and micro-nutrient deficiencies alongside the rapid rise of obesity and diet-related diseases, as well as livelihood stresses for farmers around the world (Horrigan et al., 2002). Global population growth is expected to reach 9 billion by the year 2050, and this puts more pressure on overall agricultural production to feed the growing population, and this industrial based agriculture production will not be sustainable to feed the rapid population growth (UN, 2015). Industrial agriculture is the major contributor to climate change and destabilization of the global nitrogen cycle. In addition, the global food production is dominated by a narrow range of crop species. In 2014 a total of 9 food crops (maize, sugar cane, oil palm, soybean, sugar beet, rice, wheat, potatoes and cassava) accounted for 66% of the total food production yet there up to 200 other crop species that provide food (FAO, 2014). These few crop species used have limited the capacity of agriculture to effectively cope and adapt to the scourge of climate change and have also limited nutrition security. Therefore, what is required is to integrate food production based on diversifying farms and farming landscapes, reducing chemical inputs, optimizing biodiversity and stimulating interactions between different species, as part of holistic strategies to build long-term soil fertility, healthy agro-ecosystems and secure livelihoods, i.e. ‘diversified agro-ecological systems’. Biodiversity loss has been taking place at alarming rates over the past 50 years (FAO, 2019). Despite global efforts to put measures for conservation as called for by the Convention on Biological Diversity, extinction of species and destruction of ecosystems have continued to take place. The global crisis and economic recessions have limited the global capacity to deal with the loss of biodiversity and its sustainable use. This calls for aggressive measures at the national level to address PGRFA conservation and sustainable use. Extreme temperatures, erratic and poorly distributed rainfall have created variable climate that have significantly challenged crop production and productivity and have also resulted in the emergence of new pests and diseases with frequent outbreaks. In this context, farmers can leverage on PGRFA, hence the need for conservation and sustainable use of the materials in the face of climate change. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 33 2 BACKGROUND 2.1 PGRFA and Natural flora Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) are crucial for sustainable crop production, providing the biological basis for crop development, food security and livelihoods. PGRFA are the most important input for plant breeders’, and researchers need for crop improvement. Indigenous communities are the custodians of PGRFA since the beginning of agriculture. Some of the challenges undermining the role of smallholder farmers in conserving PGRFA include the occurrences of frequent extreme climate events, changes in eating habits, especially amongst young people and the increased livelihoods options pitying smallholder farming subsistence agriculture. Zimbabwe is endowed with plant diversity estimated to be 4400 plant species comprising of 1500 genera and 200 families. Domesticated plants include cereals, pulses, vegetables, roots and tubers, industrial, horticultural and medicinal plants. Wild relatives of crops like rice, sorghum, millet, cowpeas, bambara nut, and cotton exist in nature. Crop wild relatives are a group of plant species which are more or less closely related to crops and to which they can potentially contribute traits (resistance to stress, disease, drought and other factors) desired by plant breeders and farmers. They are of increasing importance because of the traits they are likely to provide for climate change mitigation; thus they will play a key role in future food and nutrition security. However, there is very little research on crop wild relatives and their conservation. The Zimbabwean landscape where crop wild relatives are found is characterized by savanna woodland interspersed with open grasslands and the dambos (seasonally water logged low lying areas) of the central watershed area. Sub-tropical forests occur in the Eastern parts of the country. The country can be divided into three phytogeography regions, namely the Afromontane, the East African coastal, and the Zambesian. The Zambesian region covers over 95% of the country comprising five woodland types acacia, miombo, mopane, teak, and Terminalia sp in the Combretum family. The Miombo woodlands dominate over 60% of the forest areas in Zimbabwe and are composed primarily of Brachystegia species with Julbernadia globiflora. Many tree species in these woodlands are economically important and are used for timber, poles, firewood, fruit and medicines. The Eastern Highlands are part of the Afromontane region and have the highest level of endemism, particularly in the Chimanimani Mountains. 2.2 National The Constitution which is the supreme law of the land provides the foundation and legal basis for local community engagement in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity by recognizing the rights of local communities to access and benefit from natural resources in their areas. The following provisions apply to PGRFA: • Section 13(4) of the Constitution provides that “the State must ensure that local communities benefit from the resources in their areas”. • Section 15 (c) obliges the State to encourage and promote adequate and proper nutrition. • Section 33 mandates the State to …take measures to preserve, protect indigenous knowledge systems, including knowledge of the medicinal and other properties of animal and plant life possessed by local communities and people”. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 4 • Section 34 states that ‘‘the State must ensure that all international conventions, treaties and agreements to which Zimbabwe is a party to are incorporated into domestic law’’. • Section 27 provides for the domestication of international treaties. The Environmental Management Act [Chapter 20:27] (hereinafter referred to as EMA) provides for the sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment. Zimbabwe is a party to a number of international convention and treaties including CBD, ITPGRFA and UPOV. The country has made significant strides in aligning its policies with the provisions of the international conventions on conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. These include the Transitional Stabilization Programme Reforms Agenda (October 2018 – December 2020) and National Development Startegy 1 (2021-2025) which are a reflection of the collective determination and aspiration of the people of Zimbabwe for a Prosperous and Empowered Upper Middle Income Society by 2030. These Economic Blueprints target protection, restoration and promotion of sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainable management of forests and reversing land degradation and loss of biodiversity. The National Strategy and Action Plan for PGRFA is part of the operationalization of the overarching draft National Agriculture Policy Framework under Pillar VIII: Resilient, Sustainable Agriculture. This Pillar supports and acknowledges the contribution of smallholder farmers in the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources and recognizes the need to mainstream and protect farmers’ rights. The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2015-2020) also guides the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and associated ecosystems. 2.3 Regional The African Union (AU) established the agenda 2063, ‘the Africa we want’ which encourages countries to promote conservation and sustainable natural resources management at the regional level. Furthermore, the AU developed the African Model Legislation for the Protection for the Rights of local communities, farmers, breeders and for the regulation of access to biological resources in 2000. In line with the international conventions, the model law aims to ensure the conservation, evaluation and sustainable use of biological resources, including agricultural genetic resources, knowledge and technologies. Instruments that deal with the utilization of plant genetic resources such as the SADC Harmonized Seed Regulatory System, draft SADC Plant Variety Protection (PVP) Protocol, Africa Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) PVP Protocol and the COMESA Seed Harmonization Regulations are also promoted at that level. The instruments and protocols are part of the broader thrust in the region and continent at large to protect plant varieties, facilitate and expedite regional seed trade. 2.4 International Conventions and Treaties on PGRFA Zimbabwe is a party to a number of international instruments for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. The instruments include the United Nations Conventions Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), the Second Global Plan of Action on PGRFA, Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing. In general, the instruments acknowledge the threats facing the biological diversity (including PGRFA) and encourages countries to put in place measures that promote conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 55 Zimbabwe ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994, a global and legally binding framework on biodiversity. The objectives of the CBD is to conserve biological species, genetic resources, habitats and ecosystems, to ensure the sustainable use of biological materials, and to provide for the fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from genetic resources. Zimbabwe ratified the ITPGRFA in 2005, which has three objectives of conservation, sustainable use of PGRFA and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits derived from their use. Zimbabwe is partially implementing the provisions of the ITPGRFA through the Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Institute which houses the National Genebank of Zimbabwe. The objectives of the CBD and ITPGRFA are in harmony, supported by other international instruments, including the Second Global Plan of Action on PGRFA and Agenda 2030 of the SDGs. Specifically, target 2.7 of the SDGs encourages countries to ensure that the genetic diversity of cultivated plants, wild crop relatives, and culturally valuable species, are maintained. In 2010 the CBD adopted the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization. The Protocol is a legal framework for the effective implementation of fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources of which Zimbabwe ratified in 2017. Targets 2.5 and 15.6 of the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reinforce the access and benefit-sharing (ABS) principles of the Nagoya Protocol. 2.5 Institutional Arrangements Plant genetic resources conservation is segmented in various public, parastatals, private institutions and non-governmental organizations. The public and parastatal institutions fall under the various ministries which are Ministry of Lands, Agriculture,Fiaheries, Water and Rural Development (MLAWRD), Ministry of Environment, Climate, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Ministry of Home Affairs and Culture and the Ministry of Local Government and Public Works. The current institutional arrangements, however, do not adequately address the specific issues pertaining to conservation, sustainable use, farmers’ rights and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of PGRFA. 2.5.1 Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Water and Rural Resettlement The institutions under MLAFWRD fall within the Agriculture Research and Innovation Development Directorate (ARID) (formerly DR&SS) and Parastatals. Within ARID the mandate for the conservation of PGRFA is established under the National Genebank of Zimbabwe (NGBZ), and this includes the collection, conservation, characterization and promotion of on-farm conservation. NGBZ holds an ex-situ collection of 6300 crop accessions from which about 3000 accessions have been shared with farmers through restoration programmes in communities where the crops were lost due to droughts, flooding and local extinction. Other institutes within ARID involved in some aspects of conservation of plant genetic resources includes National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Horticultural Research Institute and Nyanga Experiment Station, Coffee Research Institute, Cotton Research Institute, Crop Breeding Institute, Grasslands Research Institute, Henderson Research Institute, Matopos Research Institute, Makoholi Research Institute and Chiredzi Research station. 1 Target 2,5 By 2020, Maintain the genetic diversity of seed, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animal and their related wild species , including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international level and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed 2 Target 15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 6 The National Herbarium houses at least 500 000 dried plant specimens with more than 3000 type specimens and at least 214 Endemic or near Endemic plant species. The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden is a centre of taxonomic research and information on the plants of Zimbabwe and beyond its borders in order to promote their conservation, development and sustainable use. Horticultural Research Institute and Nyanga Experiment Station have over 120 cultivars of deciduous fruits conserved in field genebanks and a wide range of vegetables. The Coffee Research Institute manages 44 varieties of coffee (Coffee arabica) located in Chipinge, ART Farm and Piringani. The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden is a centre of taxonomic research and information on the plants of Zimbabwe and beyond its borders in order to promote their conservation, development and sustainable use. Horticultural Research Institute and Nyanga Experiment Station have over 120 cultivars of deciduous fruits conserved in field genebanks and a wide range of vegetables. The Coffee Research Institute manages 44 varieties of coffee (Coffee arabica) located in Chipinge, ART Farm and Piringani. Cotton Research Institute has 15 cotton cultivars developed during the last 25 years and hold more than 10000 materials stored in cold rooms. Crop Breeding Institute develops and maintains field crop varieties of 13 field crops which include maize, wheat, rice, soya bean, groundnuts, cowpea, bambara nut, potato, sunflower, bean, and sorghum, pearl and finger millets and the germplasm is stored in cold rooms as active collections and on farm in Nyanga Experimental Station for potato. Grasslands Research Institute maintains 250 accessions of grass and legume germplasm. Henderson Research Institute holds 80 accessions of pasture grass germplasm stored in a seed store at room temperature. Matopos Research Institute holds 300 accessions of small grains for Crop Breeding Institute stored in the ICRISAT facility operating at 0-5°C and 20% relative humidity. The Seed Services Institute administers the Plant Breeders’ Rights (chapter 18:16), Seed Act (chapter 19:13) and the Seed Regulations. The parastatals under the Ministry responsible for agriculture that is involved in ex-situ management of germplasm are the Tobacco Research Board (TRB), and Agricultural and Rural Development Authority (ARDA). TRB has over 1100 varieties and cultivars in storage. These include wild type tobacco and the cultivated tobacco. 2.5.2 Ministry of Environment,Tourism and Hospitality Industry Institutions under the Ministry include Environmental Management Agency, Forestry Commission, Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Authority. The Environmental Management Agency (EMA) gives special reference to genetic resources, flora and fauna diversity, with clear goals for conserving, maintaining, and promotion of equity and encourage sustainable development. EMA also administers Statutory Instrument 61 of 2009 on Access to Genetic Resources and Indigenous Genetic Resource-based Knowledge to regulate the utilization of genetic resources and related indigenous knowledge. The Forestry Commission manages forest genetic resources and regulates activities specifically on protected forests (state forests) and forests on private land.The Communal Lands Forest Produce Act (CLFPA) governs the use of forestry resources in communal areas giving local communities limited rights to exploit the forest resources in their area for subsistence use only. The Forestry Commission has approximately 20 000 accessions for tree species stored at the seed centre. These include over 400 provenances and introductions of exotic species as well as indigenous tree species from seed stands, seed orchards and trials. Some of these, particularly for the indigenous tree species, have not yet been characterized. Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Authority protects six types of areas: national parks, safari areas, sanctuaries, botanical gardens, botanical reserves and recreational parks, each with a specific objective. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 77 2.5.3 Ministry of Home Affairs and Cultural Heritage The Ministry manages ex-situ collections in the form of herbarium specimens of plant genetic resources mainly through the Department of National Museums and Monuments. The department has two main herbaria in Mutare and Bulawayo. 2.5.4 Ministry of Local Government and Public works The Ministry administers the Traditional Leaders Act (Chapter 29:17). Traditional leaders help to formulate by-laws to protect natural resources in their areas and educate their communities on the dangers of an uncontrolled harvest of plant genetic resources which destroys the environment. Traditional leaders coordinate development activities in their areas and ensure sustainable use of plant genetic resources. 2.5.5 Private Sector The major players are seed houses such as Seedco (10 maize accessions), Pannar (12 maize accessions), and National Tested Seeds (25), Telangana, Zimbabwe Sugar Association Experiment Station amongst others.. 2.5.6 Non-governmental Organizations NGOs work with communities in promoting conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA through setting up community seed banks and running seed fairs around the country. These include Community Technology Development Organisation (CTDO), FACHIG Trust, Dabane Trust, Catholic Relief Services, PELUM Network, and Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE). 2.6 Situational Analysis 2.6.1 Strengths Strength How Utility Sustenance Availability of qualified personnel Both government and relevant partners have qualified staff for conservation activities Can be harnessed for ex-situ conservation, in-situ conservation and imparting skills to farmers Continue enhancing technical capacity and mainstreaming PGRFA conservation into education curricular Availability of Rich diversity of PGRFA which includes crop genetic resources, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants. These are a major source of livelihood, rural development and resilience of farming communities. PGRFA diversity provides food and nutrition security, socio-economic and cultural purposes. Advancing conservation and sustainable utilization Smallholder farmers have access to land approximately ranging from 1 acre to about 6 Ha per household. Provides land under usufruct basis Provides land for cultivation of PGRFA diversity Enhancing Security of Tenure Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 8 The farmers have indigenous knowledge system on PGRFA production and they have extensive experience growing crop landraces. Provides a platform for restoring the traditional crops owing to their adaptability to their environment and tolerance to the effects of climate change. Shared knowledge and experience through traditional systems and willingness to drive the goal for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. Continue documentation activities of indigenous knowledge system and increase the utility value of PGRFA Gender equity with regards to segregation of roles and responsibilities in crop production. Enhances the efficient decision-making process at the household level. The appreciation of gender equity and gender roles played by men and women in crop production. Awareness of gender equity and gender roles played by men and women in crop production. Dedicated National genebank Promotion of conservation and sustainable utilization and focal point for ITPGRFA Participate in training farmers, restoration, facilitated germplasm exchange, ex-situ conservation and on farm conservation of PGRFA. Continue ex-situ and in-situ conservation of PGRFA and foster national regional and international cooperation Participatory research and development initiatives conservation and sustainable use of PGRFAs in rural farming communities. Farmer involvement in Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB) and Participatory Variety Selection (PVS) Recognition of varieties developed through the participatory initiatives and establishment of farmer based community seed companies in Zimbabwe such as Zimbabwe Super Seeds and Champion Seeds. Increase government support including incentives for scaling up participatory research initiatives The resilience of the rural folk. The rural folks are able to self-regulate and reorganise in response to shocks and stresses in a way that sustains PGRFA conservation and use. In addition, the rural folks have robust social structures that underpin the rural food production systems. Rural folk have diversified options for food production such as livestock production, beekeeping, gold panning, basket weaving, sale of wild fruits, cross border trade, among others. Increase government support for local food systems and foster management systems that involve local communities. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 99 Custodian communities recognition and protection of sacred natural sites and territories, and functional customary governance system Custodian communities are working to revive and protect sacred natural sites and territories. Custodian communities inherit the responsibility of protecting sacred natural sites which are sources of water, rivers, crossing points, wetlands, forests, trees, and mountains which are home for plants, animals, birds, insects and all of life Provides rich biodiversity Advancing the protection of sacred sites 2.6.2 Weaknesses Weakness How Impact Mitigation Solution Provider Limited resources to drive the PGRFA conservation initiatives and production. Limited resources to scaling up PGRFA conservation (infrastructure, mobility, equipment). Loss of PGRFA diversity with implications on food and nutrition security. Resources mobilisation for infrastructure, mobility and equipment. Access to affordable financing options. Government, Private Sector and Developmental partners Poor coordination of conservation initiatives. Partial implementation of specific segments at the expense of other conservation activities. Duplication of activities by some partners and wastage of resources. Putting in place coordination mechanism. MLAFWRD Lack of an effective information management system on PGRFA. Lack of PGRFA inventories and databases Low conservation and utility of PGRFA resources in crop development. Documentation of PGRFA (materials must be well described and characterized, and this information must be readily available and searchable by users, however, this is currently not in place). Government and Developmental Partners Limited research and development on neglected and underutilized PGRFA There is limited research on farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants. Low conservation and utility of PGRFA resources in crop development. Refocusing of existing crop research development to cover neglected and underutilized PGRFA and promoting participatory research. MLAFWRD and Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 10 Weakness How Impact Mitigation Solution Provider Unsustainable land-use practices, threatening existence of PGRFA. Conversion of PGRFA habitats eg wetlands for developmental purposes, deforestation, unsustainable cultivation practices Loss of PGRFA diversity. Sustainable land-use planning (PGRFA Inventorying and impact assessments) Government and Partners Weakening flow of indigenous knowledge systems from the old to the young. The limited exchange of indigenous knowledge between the young and the old results Loss of information on PGRFA conservation and use Creating social learning platforms for information sharing Documentation of indigenous knowledge Government and Partners Weak marketing systems Weak marketing strategies such as lack of aggregation of produce by smallholder farmers for marketing resulting in unscrupulous middlemen shortchanging farmers Low production of farmers’ varieties. Market development Government and Partners Limited postharvest technologies. Laborious harvesting, processing, handling and poor storage facilities Low production of farmers’ varieties. Provide labour-saving technologies for postharvest processing handling and storage Government and Partners Low seed quality of farmer varieties Lack of true to type seed due to contamination. Low production of farmers’ varieties Inventorying correct reference samples of farmer varieties for conservation and training of farmers on the production of quality seeds Government and Partners Lack of farmer-based seed quality standards There are no documented guidelines on how the production of quality seed for farmer varieties can be done Poor quality of local seed Development of standards for local seed quality control Government and Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 1111 Weakness How Impact Mitigation Solution Provider Weak farmer organisation to advance conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. Weak representation of farmers Exclusion of farmers in PGRFA programs and activities Strengthen the organisation of farmers Government and Partners Limited sensitization and coordination on the importance of PGRFA across line ministries Low awareness on PGRFA across line ministries leading to poor coordination of programmes Lack of recognition of PGRFA across ministries Creation of new interministerial platform or enhance awareness of PGRFA in the extisting ones Government and partners 2.6.3 Opportunities Opportunity How Exploit Develop The existence of platforms that are advancing PGRFA conservation activities. These platforms can be leveraged on to advance PGRFA conservation and use further. Strengthen existing platforms such as seed fairs, food fairs and the food festivals for exchange of PGRFA and related knowledge Scaling up of platforms such as community seed banks and seed fairs The existence of social capital and common cause amongst farmers to conserve PGRFA Social relations can be leveraged to advance PGRFA conservation and use by fostering social cohesion and shared responsibility. Strengthen and support social structures that enhance PGRFA conservation and sustainable use. Build on existing traditions and customs that enhance PGRFA conservation and use Existing national frameworks and institutions on the conservation of PGRFA. The existing national frameworks and institutions are mandated to address some specific components of PGR conservation and sustainable use. Strengthen coordination of institutions and harmonization of frameworks where possible. Build on existing national frameworks and institutions to adequately conserve PGRFA through establishing a coordination mechanism 2.6.4 Threats Threat How Impact Contain/Avoidance Pests and diseases Outbreak of existing and emerging pests and diseases Loss of PGRFA Screen PGRFA for pest and disease tolerance, crop diversification Climate variability Droughts, floods, heatwaves, hailstorms and cyclones Loss of PGRFA Screen PGRFA for drought and heat tolerance, restoration of lost PGRFA, rescue mission strategy, crop diversification Cultural erosion Changes in the beliefs systems and life-styles Loss of traditional knowledge and the related PGRFA Documentation of indigenous knowledge and strengthening knowledge-sharing platforms Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 12 Threat How Impact Contain/Avoidance Poverty Unsustainable land use and harvesting Loss of PGRFA Diversification of livelihoods, sustainable land use and incentives for conservation Population growth. Pressure on resources and decreasing landholding size Loss of PGRFA habitats Promotion of sustainable land use and validation of traditional medicinal PGRFA used in birth control GMO contamination of PGRFA Unintentional introduction of genetically modified seed through food aid, seed aid and smuggling of grain PGRFA contamination Surveillance and clean up Land degradation Gullies, siltation, dongas and drying up of wetlands, deforestation Loss of PGRFA especially the wild crop relatives, wild fruit trees and edible wild plants Land reclamation 3 3 GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES 3.1 Strategy Goal To create an enabling legal and institutional environment that promotes management, research and capacity development for conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. 3.2 Specific Objectives 1. To promote conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, 2. To establish a legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the provisions of the ITPGRFA 3. To promote research and development of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture with particular emphasis on neglected and underutilized species. 4. To promote farmers and community participation, decision making and contribution to PGR conservation and sustainable use in collaboration with all key stakeholders 5. To develop capacity, coordination, monitoring and communication mechanisms for all national PGRFA conservation and sustainable use 6. To develop mechanisms for resource mobilization for plant genetic resources conservation and sustainable use 3.3 Guiding Principles Evidence-based decision making The strategy is supported by facts, research-based data and literature which inform development decisions Sustainability To raise awareness of different stakeholders on their responsibilities and contributions, towards conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. Gender, youth, and all vulnerable groups mainstreaming The strategies will mainstream gender, youth, disability, ethnic minorities and vulnerable groups. It involves the integration of all the groups into the preparation, design, Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 1313 implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies, regulatory measures and programmes, to promote equality among women, men, youth and vulnerable groups and combating discrimination. Participatory and responsive The development and implementation of the strategy is underpinned by the inclusive and active involvement of all partners and is responsive to international, regional and national obligations.4 COMPONENTS, PRIORITY AREAS, STRATEGIESDCTIVITIES 4 COMPONENTS, PRIORITY AREAS, STRATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES 4.1 Component 1: Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA Biodiversity loss is one of the biggest global threats to the future ecological production systems, which include food production. The loss of PGRFA including the crop wild relatives, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants calls for establishing measures that promote the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, as well as supporting research and development. This component deals with conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, and it establishes three (3) priority areas to be addressed by the strategy. The priority areas are ex situ conservation, on-farm conservation and in-situ conservation. These priority areas address the critical challenges limiting the effective conservation and sustainable use of PGRFAPGRFA in Zimbabwe. The conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA in Zimbabwe needs to be strengthened in order to reduce the rapid loss of genetic diversity. Strengthening key institutions such as the National Genebank is vital in improving the capacity to conserve PGRFA. Farmers, state institutioins and development partners need to be guided through capacity building exercises and efficient resource allocation in order to promote conservation of PGRFA in the country. Given that Zimbabwe’s agriculture is already experiencing changes in rainfall and temperature parttens, the demand for PGRFA adaptable to climate change has been increasing among farmers. Therefore, there is need to broaden research and development of PGRFA in communities. To support the implementation, the following strategies are of utmost importance 4.1.1 Priority 1: Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA Strategy 1: Strengthening Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA Activities 1 Develop national PGRFA Inventories, 2 Collection of PGRFA, 3 Foster national, regional and international collaboration and technology transfer, and 4 Back up of germplasm at the national level for regional and international base collections Strategy 2: Strengthening the Information Management System of the ex-situ collections Activities 1. Expansion and maintenance of the PGRFA Documentation and Information Management System, 2. Establish linkages with national, regional and international PGRFAPGRFA information management systems, 3. Establishment and maintenance of virtual seedbanks, and 4. Procurement of ICT infrastructure. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 14 Strategy 3: Incorporation of PGRFA in national early warning systems and adaptation measures Activities 1. Incorporation of PGRFA in national early warning systems, 2. Incorporate PGRFA conservation and use in Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA), 3. Conduct Rescue Collection missions, 4. Restoration of lost PGRFA, 5. Stock take PGRFA losses in national disaster risk assessment and management, 6. Establishing a mechanism for protecting PGRFA from GMO contamination. 4.1.2 Priority 2: On-farm Conservation Strategy 1: Promotion of diversification and production of PGRFA Activities 1. Training and awareness-raising on the importance of diversification, 2. Strengthen government involvement in the running of seed fairs, food diversity fairs, shows etc 3. Development and promotion of value addition technologies that support crop diversification, 4. Promotion of crop diversification best practices. 4.1.3 Priority 3: In-situ Conservation Strategy 1: Develop a national database for crop wild relatives (CWR), Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Activities 1. Create an inventory of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants, and 2. Develop a checklist for CWR, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Strategy 2: Strengthen conservation plan for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Activities 1. Establish a network for conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants, 2. Mapping and protection of PGRFA hotspots for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants, 3. Collection of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants for ex-situ conservation, 4. Promotion of domestication and conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants. 4.2 Component 2: Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the provisions of the ITPGRFA Zimbabwe requires supportive policies and legislative frameworks that provide clear mechanisms or regulatory frameworks to effectively achieve all elements of farmers’ rights such as access and benefit-sharing, supportive mechanisms for saving, selling, exchanging and marketing of farmer’s seeds at a commercial level, protection of farmer’s indigenous knowledge and effective participation in policy and decision-making processes. Farmers’ rights means enabling farmers to realise the right to save, sell or exchange seed, participate in decision-making processes on matters related to the conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources, protection of traditional knowledge, effective communication, markets and right to choose what type of seed to grow. Access to PGRFA is key for agricultural development. Benefit-sharing is important as it Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 1515 provides an important incentive and reward for the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources. The country has domesticated the provisions of some of the international agreements relevant to access to genetic resources and put in place various laws and policies to that effect such as Environment Management Act through Statutory Instrument 61 of 2009 on Access to Genetic Resources and Indigenous Genetic Resource-based Knowledge that provides for the regulation of the utilization of genetic resources and the related indigenous knowledge. The current legal provisions under EMA do not adequately address the specific nature of PGRFA with regards to access and the equitable sharing of benefits arising. The priorities addressed below seek to recognise and protect farmers’ varieties, traditional knowledge systems, ensure quality standards and registration of farmers’ varieties and put in place policies that support famers rights and access and benefit-sharing. 4.2.1 Priority 1: Supporting policies and legal instruments which recognize farmers rights Strategy 1: Develop the legislative framework for the implementation of farmers’ rights Activities 1 Development of position paper on farmer rights 2 Consultation of stakeholders including farmers in the formulation process 3 Review and upgrade existing policies to mainstream Farmers’ Rights Strategy 2: Develop mechanisms and institutions for the implementation of farmers’ rights Activities 1 Facilitation and development of farmer institutions that represents farmers rights 2 Strengthening of existing farmer representative organizations to effectively represent farmers on farmers rights 3 Awareness-raising and training on farmers rights 4.2.2 Priority 2: Recognition and protection of farmer’s varieties Strategy 1: Development of mechanism of recognition and protection of farmers’ varieties Activities: 1 Establish standards for maintenance of farmers’ varieties 2 Registration of farmers’ varieties 3 Development of national catalogue of farmers’ varieties Strategy2: Commercialization of farmers’ varieties Activities 1 Promoting seed production of farmers’ varieties 2 Developing markets for farmers’ varieties 3 Develop mechanisms for facilitating partnership on multiplication and commercialization of farmers’ varieties. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 16 4.2.3 Priority 3: Recognition and protection of traditional knowledge systems. Strategy 1: Documentation of PGRFA related traditional knowledge Activities 1 Create an inventory database of PGRFA traditional knowledge from community and national levels. 2 Develop a mechanism for protection of traditional knowledge system 4.2.4 Priority 4: Develop quality assurance standards for local seed production Strategy 1: Develop a mechanism for seed certification of local seed Activities 1 Development of seed quality assurance standards 2 Registration of units and certification of local seed production 3 Capacity development of farmers on quality seed production 4.2.5 Priority 5: Develop the provisions for PGRFA Access and Benefit Sharing. Strategy 1: Development of a legal framework and institutions that implement the ABS provisions of the ITPGRFA Activities: 1. Development of a position paper on ABS for PGRFA 2. Development of legal frameworks that implements ABS on PGRFA 3. Establishment of an institutional framework for implementation of ABS provisions Strategy 2: Put in place a Legal framework that separates the ABS of specialized PGRFA and its related traditional knowledge systems from the rest of the Genetic Resources under the SI 61 of 2009 Activities: 1 Put in place mechanism for review of SI 61 of 2009 2 Engage with relevant stakeholders, Ministries and partners responsible for ABS implementation. 3 Harmonize implementation of ABS Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 1717 4.2.6 Priority 6: Foster broad participation of farmers in decision-making processes relating to their PGRFA and traditional knowledge systems Strategy 1: Ensure the full and effective participation of farmers and communities in the formulation, development, and implementation of access and benefit-sharing related policies. Activities: 1 Awareness-raising and training on ABS 2 Establishment of farmers institutions that facilitate the implementation of the specialised ABS provisions, e.g. on the issue of prior consent. 3 To build and/or strengthen the capacity of Institutions for farmers to enable them to fully understand ABS issues and effectively participate in the implementation of ABS measures. 4.3 Component 3: PGRFA Research and Development Research and development provides an understanding of available PGRFA and extent of diversity. Current research has been focused on major food security crops as defined by the government, but there has been limited research and development on neglected and underutilized PGRFA such as farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants. There is a need to refocus existing crop research development to cover neglected and underutilized PGRFA and promoting participatory research. There is a need to implement joint planning and implementation strategy for agricultural research, education and extension. The current set up of institutions responsible for knowledge technology and innovation development and dissemination on PGRFA fall under different organizations within the public and private sector and there is limited interaction. The compartmentalization of these organisations tends to limit interaction and sometimes lead to duplication of activities and wasting of resources. Coordinated research during planning will enhance the use of limited resources; improve relevance, timeliness and effectiveness of knowledge technology transfer and innovation services. The key strategies will cover the promotion of research and development on PGRFA and co-development of traditional knowledge systems and conventional science in crop research and development. 4.3.1 Priority 1: Promotion of Research and Development on PGRFA Strategy 1: PGRFA Crop Research and Development Activities 1 Carry out inventories on PGRFA such as farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants 2 Conduct participatory research and development of PGRFA 3 Develop knowledge sharing platforms on farmers varieties research and development 4 PGRFA morphological and molecular diversity studies including characterization and evaluation 5 Establish descriptors for farmers’ varieties and other PGRFA 6 Development of PGRFA catalogues Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 18 Strategy 2: Co-development of traditional knowledge systems and conventional science in crop research and development Activities 1 Validation of traditional knowledge systems through research and development 2 Create knowledge transfer system between farmers, extension and researchers 3 Integration of traditional knowledge system into conventional knowledge systems. 4.4 Component 4: Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Capacity development can be defined as the building and strengthening of human and institutional resources. Capacity building initiatives should include a broad range of activities, including legislative advice, administrative support, infrastructure building and human resources development. The main objectives of the capacity building section is to ensure that all resources (human, infrastructure, mobility, and financial) are put in place so that conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture can be conducted smoothly. Whilst Zimbabwe has various public, parastatals, private institutions and non-governmental organizations involved in the conservation of PGRFA, and their efforts are not well coordinated. There is a need for integration of national, regional and international policies on PGRFA, and this requires coordination. Uncoordinated efforts result in the biased implementation of certain segments at the expense of other conservation activities. Furthermore, it results in duplication of activities by some partners and wastage of resources. Establishing coordination mechanisms for conservation is vital for cost-effective use of resources and exchange of skills and knowledge transfer among institutions. Communication is a vital component of strategy development and implementation processes. The communication strategy comprises activities that need to be fit together with the strategy implementation to enhance awareness and incite the necessary behaviour change towards conserving PGRFA. The main objectives of communication should be to provide information and knowledge on PGRFA to policy-makers, the PGR users and scientific community and the general public, as well as to describe possible ways of synergies in activities and collaborations. The key priority areas of this section are capacity development, coordination and communication of PGRFA. 4.4.1 Priority 1: Capacity Development for PGRFA conservation Strategy 1: Strengthening the National Genebank and other partners involved in PGRFA conservation Activities 1 Procurement of equipment and provisions for seed processing and storage 2 Expansion of the genebank building 3 Establishment of a cryopreservation unit 4 Establishment of a tissue culture unit 5 Establishment of field genebanks 6 Establishment of a biotechnology laboratory Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 1919 Strategy 2: Capacity development of human resources in National Genebank and partners. Activities 1 Development of training programs for human resources capacity building 2 Mainstreaming PGRFA into the national education curriculum 4.4.2 Priority 2: Coordination of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives Strategy 1: Development of markets and market linkages for PGRFA Activities 1 Improve coordination of farmers on the marketing of PGRFA products 2 Promote increased consumption and utilization of PGRFA products. 3 Increase production and productivity of quality PGRFA products. 4 Collaboration with marketing institutions (private and public) in the creation of markets for PGRFA. 5 Strengthening of existing marketing institutions. 6 Establishment of linkages to the private buyers, e.g. food or feed processing companies. Strategy 2: Development of coordination mechanisms Activities 1 Development of networks for PGRFA conservation institutions (community seedbanks, national agricultural research institutions and partners) 2 Strengthening of institutions that represent farmers. 4.4.3 Priority 3: Communication and Publicity for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Strategy 1: Development of a communication programme for awareness-raising on PGRFA and the National Strategy for PGRFA Activities: 1 Development of a communication plan which incorporate disaster management 2 Establishment of an institutional framework for information dissemination Strategy 2: Establishment of mechanisms for communication Activities: 1 Digital communication such as online publications, and links to PGR websites of institutions collaborating with PGR 2 Physical publications such as pamphlets, manuals, fliers 3 Reaching out to media: this could involve issuing press releases or radio and TV shows 4 Organising conferences/workshops on PGRFA and disaster response 5 Strengthening of platforms for active direct engagement and collaboration arrangements with relevant stakeholders Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 20 4.5 Component 5: Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use The main goal of resource mobilization is to establish a mechanism that ensures that sufficient resources are made available for the implementation of the strategy. These resources will directly support the national effort of conserving PGRFA and using them sustainably to strengthen national food security while coping with the impacts of climate change. The resource mobilization mechanism will ensure transparent, efficient and effective utilization of all resources made available. Resource mobilization shall be pursued through the fiscal allocation and donor community, the inclusion of PGRFA conservation in farmer input support programmes, avail agriculture credit schemes to PGRFA conservation initiatives and establish private PGRFA conservation financing mechanisms. The availability of resources is essential to achieve the work of conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, implementation of farmers’ rights and operationalize the access and benefit-sharing of PGRFA as enshrined in this strategy document. 4.5.1 Priority 1: Mobilizing government funds for conservation, management and sustainable use of PGRFA Strategy 1: Establishing government sources of funding PGRFA Activities Establishing a legal provision that directs a proportion of; 1 The budget for crop research and specialist services to be dedicated for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 2 Crop-based levy to be allocated towards conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 3 The budget for the farmer input support programme (fisp) to support conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 4 Governmental agricultural credit schemes are dedicated to support the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. 4.5.2 Priority 2: Commercial users of PGRFA contribute an equitable share of benefits to the conservation fund and or initiatives. Strategy 1: Develop a legislative framework that enables user-based payments Activities 1 Establish conservation tax on PGRFA commercial users 2 Establish tax incentives for donating non-PGRFA user companies 3 Collaborate with PGRFA users, on their research and exploration 4 Establish that a proportion of crop levies to be allocated for conservation of PGRFA 4.5.3 Priority 3: Donor funding for conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured Strategy 1: Mobilize donor funds to support PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Activities 1 Project proposals developed for funding through various donor options 2 Forster cooperation with international donors 3 Establish endowment fund Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2121 4.5.4 Priority 4: Develop PGRFA revenue sources Strategy1: Establish funding streams from service fees Activities 1 Gazette PGRFA EIAs fees, 2 Gazette PGRFA access fees, 3 Gazette registration fees for farmers’ varieties, 4 Gazette certification fees for certification of local seed production. 4.5.5 Priority 5: Establishment of the national genetic resources fund Strategy 1: Develop a legislative framework that establishes and operationalize the fund Activities 1 Establish the national genetic resources fund, 2 Establish the revenue streams(i.e. from government, donors, PGRFA users and crop levies), 3 Establish the Fund’s operating procedures. 4.6 Component 6: PGRFA Management under disaster situations Zimbabwe is exposed to multiple, unpredictable and recurrent natural disasters including droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, floods, pests and disease outbreaks. The environmental, economic and social impacts of these disasters have devastating implications on PGRFA and sustainable development. The lack of a legal and policy framework for PGRFA disaster response has resulted in challenges in coordinating and mobilising resources for the PGRFA interventions. The key elements of PGRFA such as seed varieties, infrastructure, draught power, implements, crop gene pools are normally affected by disasters and need strengthening. Therefore, there is a need for disaster management to be incorporated into the PGRFA strategy. This component aims to address PGRFA conservation and sustainable utilization in cases of disasters. It focuses on preventing loss of PGRFA through better preparedness, conservation, better coordination, capacity building and knowledge management through advanced disaster emergency response to natural disasters. It comprises strategic actions to respond to the needs of affected communities, minimise the risks, increase response preparedness, improved recovery mechanisms and mitigation of natural disasters. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 22 4.6.1 Priority 1: Preparedness for PGRFA Disaster management Strategy 1: Incorporate PGRFA issues in National disaster early warning systems Activities 1. Forecasting the impact of a disaster on PGRFA using early warning systems/models, 2. Broadcasting disaster early warning messages for PGRFA, 3. PGRFA Rescue collecting missions. Strategy 2: Capacity building on PGRFA disaster management Activities 1. Awareness-raising on PGRFA issues in Disaster management structures, 2. Training PGRFA disaster management, 3. Creation of knowledge management system for PGRFA disaster management. 4.6.2 Priority 2: Coordination of PGRFA Disaster management Strategy 1: Strengthening disaster response coordination for PGRFA Activities 1. Community participation in disaster management planning committees at all levels. 2. Strengthening representation of PGRFA issues in existing disaster response structures. 3. Planning, monitoring and evaluation of PGRFA intervention programmes at all levels (provincial, district, ward, village), 4. Lobbying for the recognition of PGRFA issues in existing National Disaster management legal structures. 4.6.3 Priority 3: Rebuilding local seed systems post-disaster Strategy 1: Restoration of PGRFA Activities 1. Assessment of the impact of a disaster on PGRFA. 2. Identification and repatriation of PGRFA from seed repositories. 3. Identification of potential sources of PGRFA that are suitable for the affected areas, 4. Multiplication and distribution of PGRFA. Strategy 2: Strengthening local seed exchange systems Activities 1. Seed fairs, 2. Creation of Innovation platforms that facilitate the exchange of PGRFA (e.g. Information communication technologies ), 3. Community seed enterprises. Strategy 3: Restoration of PGRFA storage infrastructure post disaster Activities 1. Construction and rehabilitation of community seedbanks post disaster, 2. Construction and rehabilitation of household PGRFA storage facilities post disaster. Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2323 5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN The monitoring and evaluation plan is essential to determine the progress of implementation of the PGRFA components, priorities, strategies and activities. This will provide the basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the activities, facilitate early detection of emerging problems, record changes over time, make informed decisions and adjustments and plan ongoing management activities. It helps us to quantify the overall attained results in relation to the planned goals, objectives and performance indicators. The M and E framework will provide practical recommendations, lessons learnt for updating, revising and expansion. The monitoring and evaluation for PGRFA will be reported through annual progress reports using the format attached in the annexe. Midterm review for M and E will also be carried out in 2025 in order to track progress quality and impact of activities undertaken by various partners in the implementation of PGRFA strategy. A final review will also be carried out in 2030. Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Component 1: Conservation and sustainable use Strengthening Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA Weak national inventory of PGRFA 10 National PGRFA Inventories 2022-2032 Number of status reports produced ARID, FAO Weak national collection of PGRFA 10 Collection missions of PGRFA 2022-2032 Number of collection reports produced ARID, Forestry Commission, ZPWA, EMA One regional network SPGRC One international network ITPGRFA 5 networks/ collaborations 2022-2032 Collaborations reports or meeting minutes ARID, SPGRC, FAO Number of accessions duplicated at the 10% National -GRBI, 20% Regional SPGRC, Number of accessions to be duplicated, 50% National GRBI, 80% Regional SPGRC, 2022-2032 Number of accessions duplicated at the GRBI, SPGRC, ARID, CGIARs, Civil Society and Development Partners Strengthening the Information Management System of the ex-situ collections Information system not updated Expansion and maintenance of 1 PGRFA Documentation and Information System 2022-2032 Number of entries ARID, CGIARs, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners No linkages established with regional and international PGRFA information systems Establish linkages with other regional and international PGRFA information systems e.g. GENESYS, GBIF etc 2022-2032 Number of datasets shared ARID, CGIARs, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Lack of community based information management system for PGRFA Establishment and maintenance of 20 virtual seedbanks 2020-2022 Community meetings Set up of virtual seedbanks Number of entries recorded ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 24 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Lack of recent ICT infrastructure Procurement of ICT infrastructure 2022-2023 Progress reports/ minutes Number of orders (adjudication process) ICT Department, ARID, AGRITEX, Development Partners Incorporation of PGRFAs in National early warning systems and adaptation measures No incorporation of other components of PGRFA in early warning systems Incorporation of other components of PGRFA into early warning systems 2022-2032 Early warning reports ARID, AGRITEX, Development Partners Lack of incorporation of PGRFA in EIAs Participate in relevant EIAs 2022-2032 Number of conducted EIAs incorporating PGRFA ARID, EMA, Development Partners Lack of PGRFA rescue collection missions in disaster situations or areas earmarked for development Rescue Collection missions in all disaster situations 2022-2032 Number of rescue collection mission reports ARID, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners PGRFA lost due to natural disasters, climate changes and other factors Restoration of lost PGRFA 2022-2032 Number of PGRFAs distributed to farmers Number of farmers benefiting ARID, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners PGRFA not incorporated in disaster risk assessment and management Participate in national disaster risk assessment and management 2022-2032 Number of disaster risk assessments and management programs that incorporate PGRFA ARID, EMA, FNC, ZIMVAC, AGRITEX No mechanism in place for protecting PGRFA from GMO contamination Establishing a mechanism for protecting PGRFA from GMO contamination 2022-2023 Stakeholder meetings Establishment of operation arrangement ARID, NBA Promotion of diversification and production of PGRFA Limited knowledge and awareness on diversification and production of PGRFA 200 Training and awareness raising programs on the importance of diversification 2022-2032 Number of farmers made aware ARID, Civil Society, AGRITEX and Development Partners Weak government involvement in coordination of seed fairs and food fairs Strengthen government involvement in coordination of seed fairs, food diversity fairs, shows etc 2022-2024 Stakeholder meetings Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Civil Society, and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2525 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Poor demand for PGRFA and products Development and promotion of value addition technologies that support crop diversification 2022-2032 Number of value addition technologies that support crop diversification developed and promoted Private Sector, Departments in Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Civil Society, SAZ, Government Analyst Laboratory, Development Partners Poor production and productivity of PGRFA due to climate change Promotion of crop diversification best practices 2022-2032 Number of farmers reached Private Sector, ARID, Civil Society, Development Partners Develop national database for CWRs, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants No database and information on CWRs, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Inventories for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2032 Inventory / Database produced MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Lack of information for easy identification of CWRs, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Develop a checklist for CWRs, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2024 Checklist produced MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Strengthen conservation plan for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Lack of network for conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Establish a network for conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2027 Networks established and reports MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Geographic Occurrence of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants hotspots not known and not protected Mapping and protection of PGRFA hotspots for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2032 Map produced Reports Number of species conserved Collection of data MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners A limited collection of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants for ex situ conservation 10 Collection missions of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants for ex-situ conservation 2022-2032 Number PGRFAs collected Number PGRFAs conserved MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Lack of awareness on conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Promotion of domestication and conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2032 Number of communities reached Meetings conducted with communities MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 26 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Component 2: Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the provisions of the ITPGRFA Develop the legislative framework for the implementation of farmers’ rights No legislative framework for the implementation of farmers rights 1 position paper on farmers’ rights developed 5 000 farmers consulted 3 policies developed and reviewed 2022-2026 Number of position papers produced Number of farmers consulted Number of policies reviewed and developed MLAFWRD, Farmer organisations, Civil Society and Development Partners Develop mechanisms and institutions for the implementation of farmers’ rights Weak Institutions Facilitation and development of farmer institutions that represents farmers rights 2022-2032 Number of Institutions MLAFWRD, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Weak Institutions Strengthening of existing farmer representative organizations to effectively represent farmers on farmers rights 2022-2032 Number of institutions strengthened MLAFWRD, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Lack of knowledge and awareness Awareness raising and training on farmers rights 2022-2032 Number of farmers reached ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Recognition and protection of farmer’s varieties Farmers’ varieties lack recognition and protection Document on standards developed 100 farmer varieties registered Development of National catalogue of Farmer’s developed 2022-2032 Document on standards Number of farmer varieties registered Number of Catalogues developed ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Commercialization of farmers’ varieties Limited seed production of farmers’ varieties Promoting seed production of farmers varieties 2022-2032 Number of farmers’ varieties promoted ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2727 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Limited markets for farmers’ varieties Developing markets for farmers’ varieties 2022-2032 Number of markets developed for farmers’ varieties ARID, AGRITEX, Economics and Markets, AMA, Civil Society, Private Sector, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners No partnerships in place Develop mechanisms for facilitating partnership on multiplication and commercialization of farmers’ varieties 2022-2032 Number partnerships established ARID, AGRITEX, Economics and Markets, AMA, Civil Society, Private Sector, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Recognition and protection of traditional knowledge systems Not recognised and not protected 1 National database for TK developed related to PGRFA 2022-2027 Database developed ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Traditional knowledge for PGRFA not protected Develop a mechanism for protection of traditional knowledge system for PGRFA 2022-2032 Records and any information on traditional knowledge for PGRFA ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Develop a mechanism for seed certification of local seed No quality assurance standards for local seed Development of seed quality assurance standards for local seed 2022-2027 Quality assurance standards for local seed developed ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners, No registered units and certification of local seed Registration of units and certification of local seed production 2022-2027 Certification scheme for local seed developed ARID, Legal Department, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners M Limited awareness and training on seed production Capacity development of farmers on quality seed production 2022-2027 Numbers of farmers trained ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 28 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Development of a legal framework and institutions that implement the ABS provisions of the ITPGRFA No legal framework and institutions to implement ABS provisions of the ITPGRFA 1 position paper on ABS provisions of ITPGRFA Develop legal frameworks that implement ABS provisions of ITPGRFA Develop institutions that implement ABS provisions of ITPGRFA 2022-2032 Number of position papers on ABS provisions of ITPGRFA Number of legal frameworks that implement ABS provisions of ITPGRFA Number of institutions that implement ABS provisions of ITPGRFA MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Put in place a Legal framework that separates the ABS of specialized PGRFA and its related traditional knowledge systems from the rest of the Genetic Resources under the SI 61 of 2009 No legal framework that separates ABS of specialized PGRFA from the rest of Genetic resources under SI 61 of 2009 Put in place mechanism for review of SI 61 of 2009 Engage with relevant stakeholders, Ministries and partners responsible for ABS implementation. Harmonize implementation of ABS 2022-2027 Number of mechanisms for review of SI 61 of 2009 Number of stakeholder meetings held and the number of stakeholders engaged Number of mechanisms for harmonizing ABS MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Ensure the full and effective participation of farmers and communities in the formulation, development, and implementation of access and benefit-sharing related policies. Low level of awareness and understanding of ABS 200 Awareness raising and training programs on ABS 2022-2032 Number of awareness raising and training programs implemented Number of farmers and communities reached MLAFWRD, Ministry responsible for Local Government, Farmers organisations, Civil Society and Development Partners No local institutions facilitating the implementation of ABS Establishment of 10 farmers institutions that facilitate the implementation of the specialised ABS provisions, e.g. on the issue of prior consent. 2022-2032 Number of local institutions established MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners, Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 2929 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Existing institutions cannot fully understand and participate effectively in the implementation of ABS To build and/ or strengthen the capacity of Institutions for farmers to enable them to fully understand ABS issues and effectively participate in the implementation of ABS measures. 2022-2032 Number institutions strengthened MLAFWRD, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Civil Society and Development Partners Component 3: PGRFA Research and Development PGRFA Crop Research and Development No inventories on PGRFA such as farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants Biennial inventories PGRFA such as farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants 2022-2032 Inventory reports ARID, CGIARs, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners Limited Participatory research programs 200 participatory research programs conducted 2022-2032 Number of Participatory research programs conducted Number of PGRFA developed ARID, CGIARs, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners Limited knowledge sharing platforms Number of knowledge sharing platforms on farmers varieties research developed 2022-2032 Number of knowledge sharing platforms developed Number of meeting reports ARC, ARID, CGIARs, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners Few PGRFA morphological and molecular diversity studies conducted 20 studies conducted annually 2022-2032 Technical reports produced ARID, CGIARs, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners No descriptors for PGRFA and farmer’s varieties Establish descriptors for farmers’ varieties and other PGRFA 2022-2032 Descriptors lists produced ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners No PGRFA catalogues developed 5 Catalogues produced annually of PGRFA catalogues 2022-2032 Number of catalogues produced ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, Private Sector, Civil Society, Parastatals, Universities and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 30 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Co-development of traditional knowledge systems and conventional science in crop research and development No validation was done Validation of traditional knowledge systems conducted 2022-2032 Number of validation reports ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Weak knowledge transfer system between farmers, extension and researchers Knowledge transfer system between farmers, extension and researchers strengthened 2022-2032 Meeting reports ARID, CGIARs, AGRIC Education, AGRITEX, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Little integration of traditional knowledge into conventional knowledge systems. Traditional knowledge system Integrated into conventional knowledge systems. 2022-2032 Technical reports, Scientific publications ARID, CGIARs, AGRIC Education, AGRITEX, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Component 4: Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Strengthening institutions involved in PGRFA conservation Lack of equipment and supplies constraining capacity for seed storage and processing Procurement of equipment and provisions for seed processing and storage 2022-2027 Development of specifications Procurement procedures conducted ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, EMA, Forestry Commission, ZPWA, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Limited storage space for accommodating walk-in freezer room and other units Expansion of the conservation facilities 2022-2024 Development of specifications Procurement procedures and construction works ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, EMA, Forestry Commission, ZPWA, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Lack of capacity to conserved vegetatively propagated PGRFA Establishment of a cryopreservation unit 2022-2024 Development of specifications Procurement procedures and construction works ARID, CGIARs, Farmer organisations, Civil Society and Development Partners Lack of capacity to regenerate vegetatively propagated PGRFA Establishment of a tissue culture unit 2022-2024 Development of specifications Procurement procedures and construction works ARID, CGIARs, Farmer organisations, Civil Society and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 3131 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities No conservation strategy for vegetatively propagated species Establishment and maintenance of 5 field genebanks 2022-2032 Number of PGRFA species sites identified Number of PGRFA species conserved ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, EMA, Forestry Commission, ZPWA, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Duplication gap between national genebank and SADC regional genebank Improving back up of germplasm at SADC regional genebank 2022-2032 Proportion materials backed up ARID, SPGRC, FAO Lack of facilities for carrying out biotechnology related research Establishment of a biotechnology laboratory 2022-2032 Specifications and Standard operating procedures developed Development Construction works and equipping the laboratory ARID, CGIARs, TRB, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Capacity development of human resources in institutions conserving PGRFA. Lack of new critical skills Training of staff on critical skills 2022-2032 Identification of critical skills Identification training partners/ model ARID, CGIARs, AGRITEX, EMA, Forestry Commission, ZPWA, Farmer organisations, Civil Society, Universities and Development Partners Limited coverage of PGRFA in curricula PGRFA Mainstreamed into the national education curriculum 2022-2032 Number of programs incorporating PGRFA Universities, Colleges, Vocational training Centers Development of markets and market linkages for PGRFA Poor coordination Improve coordination of farmers on the marketing of PGRFA products 2020-2025 Number coordination platforms Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Private Sector, Civil Society and Development Partners Low consumption and utilization of PGRFA products Increased consumption and utilization of PGRFA products. 2022-2032 Level of increase in consumption Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Private Sector, Farmer organisations, Civil Society and Development Partners Low production and productivity Increased production and productivity of quality PGRFA products. 2022-2032 Level of production and productivity (yields) AGRITEX, ARID, Universities, Private Sector and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 32 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Limited collaboration Increased collaboration with marketing institutions (private and public) in the creation of markets for PGRFA. 2022-2032 Number of collaborations Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Weak Existing Marketing institutions Existing Marketing institutions Strengthening 2022-2032 Number of Institutions strengthened SPPBD, AGRITEX, Private Sector, AMA Weak linkages Establishment of linkages to the private buyers, e.g. food or feed processing companies. 2022-2032 Number of linkages Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Development of coordination mechanisms No national networks Development of networks for PGRFA conservation institutions (community seedbanks, national agricultural research institutions and partners) 2022-2032 Number of networks created Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Weak institutions Institutions representing farmers Strengthened. 2022-2032 Number of institutions strengthened Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 3333 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Development of a communication programme for awareness raising on PGRFA and the National Strategy for PGRFA No communication plan Communication plan Developed 2022-2032 Communication plan in place Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners No institutional framework for information dissemination in place Establishment of the institutional framework for information dissemination 2022-2032 The institutional framework is in place Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Establishment of mechanisms for communication Few mechanisms Digital communication such as online publications, and links to PGR websites of institutions collaborating with PGR 2022-2032 Mechanisms in place Ministry responsible for Agriculture, Ministry responsible for Environment, Private Sector, Civil Society, Farmer organisations and Development Partners Few publications Physical publications such as pamphlets, manuals, fliers 2022-2032 Number of publications ARC, TRB, ARID, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Limited media coverage press releases or radio and TV shows covered 2022-2032 Number of press releases and shows ARC, TRB, ARID, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Limited conferences conferences/ workshops on PGRFA Organised 2022-2032 Number of conference reports ARC, TRB, ARID, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Limited platforms platforms for active direct engagement and collaboration arrangements with relevant stakeholders strengthened 2022-2032 Number of platforms ARC, TRB, AMA, NBA, ARID, AGRITEX, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 34 Component 5: Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Establishing government sources of funding PGRFA No legal provision legal provisions established covering the following components; 1 the budget for crop research and specialist services to be dedicated for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 2 crop-based levy to be allocated towards conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 3 the budget for the farmer input support programme (FISP) to support conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 4 government agricultural credit schemes are dedicated to support the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. 2022-2032 4 Legal provisions in place Ministry responsible for Agriculture and Ministry responsible for Environment, Ministry responsible for finance Develop a legislative framework that enables user-based payments Limited funding options Funding options established with the following components; 1. Conservation tax on PGRFA commercial users 2. Tax Incentives for donating non PGRFA user companies 3. Collaborate with PGRFA users, on their research and exploration 4. A proportion of crop levies to be allocated for conservation of PGRFA 2022-2032 4 funding options established Ministry responsible for Agriculture and Ministry responsible for Environment, Ministry responsible for Justice Mobilize donor funds to support PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Few project proposals funded Project proposals funded 2022-2032 Number of project proposals funded ARC, TRB, AMA, NBA, ARID, AGRITEX, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Little cooperation Forster cooperation with international donors 2022-2032 Number of funded projects and the amount of funding made available ARC, TRB, AMA, NBA, ARID, AGRITEX, Universities, Private Sector, Civil Society, CGIARs and Development Partners Establish funding streams from service fees No funding streams from service fees Funding streams established as follows: 1. PGRFA EIAs fees 2. PGRFA access fees 3. Registration fees for farmers’ varieties 4. Certification fees for certification of local seed production 2022-2032 4 funding streams established ARID, Parastatals, Private Sector, Civil Society and Farmer organisations Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 35 Strategic actions Baseline Targets Time Line Indicators Management responsibilities Component 6: PGRFA Management under disaster situations Incorporate PGRFA issues in National disaster early warning systems Lack of forecasting for the impact disaster on PGRFA using early warning systems/models 1 forecast annually 2022-2032 Number of forecast reports ARID, EMA, Universities, Private and Public research institutions Lack early warning messages for PGRFA Messages broadcasted to cover at least 80% of the potentially affected population 2022-2032 Population coverage MLAFWRD, CPU, Private sector Limited PGRFA Rescue collecting missions At least 2 rescue collection mission prior to or after every disaster 2022-2032 Number of germplasm materials rescued/ collected ARID Civil Society, Farmer Organisations Capacity building on PGRFA disaster management Lack of awareness on PGRFA issues in Disaster management structures Atleast 5 awareness raising campaing for PGRFA issues in disaster management anually 2022-2032 Number people reached ARID,Civil Protection Unit, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Training PGRFA disaster management At 5 trainings annually 2022-2032 Number of people trained ARID,CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Creation of knowledge management system for PGRFA disaster management 1 knowledge management system created 2022-2032 Number of beneficiaries ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Strengthening disaster response coordination for PGRFA Low community participation in disaster management planning committees at all levels At least 50% representation in membership from community members participating in commitees at all levels 2022-2025 Number of community participants involved ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Strengthening representation of PGRFA issues in existing disaster response structures At least 1 organisation with PGRFA expertise represented in existing structures 2022-2025 Number organisations representin PGRFA in disaster management structures ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 36 Lack of planning, monitoring and evaluation of PGRFA intervention programmes at all levels (provincial, district, ward, village) PGRFA action planning, monitoring and evaluation of PGRFA intervention programmes inplace at all levels 2022-2025 Number of monitoring and evalution plans inplace SPPBD, ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Lack of recognition of PGRFA issues in existing legal structures for Disaster management PGRFA recognised in existing legal framework for disaster management 2022-2025 Reports produced, white papers, policy briefs, drafting Legal services department, SPPBD, ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Restoration of PGRFA Lack of the impact assessment of disasters on PGRFA Atleast 1 annually 2022-2025 Number of reports produced ARID, Universities, Private and Public research institutions Low utilization of PGRFA in genebank for repatriation Materials identified, and repatriated 2022-2025 Number of beneficiaries, reports ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Low utilization of PGRFA from other sources of that are suitable to the affected areas Number of sources of materials identified and materials mobilised 2022-2025 Number of beneficiaries, reports ARID, CGIAR centers Low seed quantities of available materials for restoration programmes Materials multiplied and distributed 2022-2032 Reports, Number of beneficiaries ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Strengthening local seed exchange systems Few seed fairs conducted post disaster At least 100 seedfairs held annually 2022-2032 Number of beneficiaries ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Lack of platforms for innovation for access to local seed At least 5 platforms developed 2022-2032 Number beneficiaries ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Univesities Few community seed enterprises At least 5 community seed enterprises developed 2022-2032 Number of beneficiaries ARID, AGRITEX Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Univesities Restoration of PGRFA storage infrastructure after a disaster 15 seedbanks currently active in the country At least 2 seed banks constructed and rehabilitated annually 2022-2032 Number of beneficiaries ARID, AGRITEX Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Development Partners Poor household seed storage structures At least 1000 household storage structures constructed and rehabilitated annually 2022-2032 Number of beneficiaries ARID, AGRITEX Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 37 6. IMPLEMENTATION MATRIX Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Component 1: Conservation and sustainable use Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA Strengthening Ex-situ Conservation of PGRFA National PGRFA Inventories 100000 Output: Inventory Indicator: Number of status reports produced Outcome: Enhanced conservation status Indicator: Increased ex-situ collections 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, CGIARs, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX and Development Partners Collection of PGRFA 100000 Output : Ex-situ collections Indicator: Number of collections conserved 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, CGIARs, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX and Development Partners Foster national, regional and international collaboration and technology transfer 150000 Output: Collaborations fostered Indicator: Number of collaborations fostered 2022-2032 ARID SPGRC, Civil Society, CGIARs, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX and Development Partners Back up of germplasm at the national level for regional and international base collections 50000 Output: Accessions backed up Indicator: Number of Accessions backed up 2022-2032 ARID SPGRC, Crop Trust, CGIARs Strengthening the Information Management System of the ex-situ collections Expansion and maintenance of the PGRFA Documentation and Information System 80000 Output: Documentation system expanded and maintained Indicator: Number of entries 2022-2032 ARID ICT MLAFWRD, SPGRC, FAO Establish linkages with national, regional and international PGRFA information systems 55000 Output : Linkages established Indicator: Number of datasets shared 2022-2032 ARID ICT MLAFWRD, SPGRC, FAO, CGIARs, GLIS Establishment and maintenance of virtual seedbanks 150000 Output: Virtual seedbanks established Indicator: Community meetings Number of virtual seedbanks established Number of entries recorded 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector, Farmer organisations, Development Partners Procurement of ICT infrastructure 200000 Output : Infrastructure procured Indicator:Progress reports/minutes Number of orders (adjudication process) 2022-2032 ICT MLAFWRD ARID, SPGRC, Civil Society and Development Partners Incorporation of PGRFAs in national early warning systems and adaptation measures Incorporation of PGRFAs in national early warning systems 20000 Output: PGRFA early warning system operationalized Indicator: Number of early warning system reports Outcome: Increased preparedness in PGRFA conservation Indicator: Decreased loss of PGRFA 2022-2032 ARID FNSC, ZIMVAC, AGRITEX Participate in EIAs 45000 Output: PGRFA EIAs done Indicator: Number of EIAs 2022-2032 ARID EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 38 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Rescue Collection missions 300000 Output: Rescue collection missions done Indicator: Number of collection missions Outcome: Increased preparedness in PGRFA conservation Indicator: Decreased loss of PGRFA 2022-2032 ARID EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Restoration of lost PGRFA 300000 Output: PGRFA restoration programs done Indicator: Number of PGRFA distributed to farmers and the number of beneficiary farmers 2022-2032 ARID EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Participate in national disaster risk assessment and management 30000 Output: National disaster risk assessment and management do ne Indicator: Number of national disaster risk assessment and management do ne 2022-2032 ARID EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Establishing a mechanism for protecting PGRFA from GMO contamination 50000 Output: Mechanism for protection of PGRFA from GMO contamination Indicator: Number of stakeholder meetings held to establish a mechanism 2022-2032 ARID NBA, EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners On-farm Conservation Promotion of diversification and production of PGRFA Training and awareness raising on the importance of diversification 300000 Output: Training and awareness done Indicator: Number of Training and awareness done Outcome: Diversified crop production for food and nutritional security Indicator: Improved crop production and resilience for food and nutritional security 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, NGOs Strengthen government involvement in the running of seed fairs, food diversity fairs, shows etc 250000 Output: Seed fairs, food fairs conducted with government involvement Indicator: Number of Seed fairs, food fairs conducted with government involvement 2022-2032 AGRITEX GRBI, NGOs, CBOs Development and promotion of value addition technologies that support crop diversification 500000 Output: Value addition technologies developed and promoted Indicator: Number of value addition technologies developed and promoted 2022-2032 Department of Agricultural Engineering EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Promotion of crop diversification best practices 120000 Output: Crop diversification Best practices promoted Indicator: Number of crop diversification best practices promoted 2022-2032 AGRITEX ARID, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 39 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies In-situ Conservation Develop national database for crop wild relatives (CWR), Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Inventorying CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 100000 Output: Database produced Indicator: Number of databases Outcome: Enhanced conservation status Indicator: Increased in-situ collections 2022-2032 ARID EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Develop a checklist for CWR, Indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 30000 Output: Checklist developed Indicator: Number of checklists 2022-2032 ARID NHBG, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, EMA Strengthen conservation plan for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants Establish a network for conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 120000 Output: Network established and reports Indicator: Network established and reports produced 2022-2032 ARID NHBG, ZPWA, Forestry Commission, EMA Mapping and protection of PGRFA hotspots for CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 350000 Output: Maps and reports produced Indicator: Number of species 2022-2032 ARID ZPWA, Forestry Commission, EMA Collection of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants for ex-situ conservation 100000 Output: Collection missions done Indicator: Number of PGRFA collected and conserved 2022-2032 ARID ZPWA, Forestry Commission, EMA Promotion of domestication and conservation of CWRs, indigenous fruits and wild edible plants 100000 Output: Meetings conducted with communities Indicator: Number of communities reached 2022-2032 ARID ZPWA, Forestry Commission, EMA, AGRITEX Component 2: Legal and institutional framework for the management of PGRFA in line with the provisions of the ITPGRFA Supporting policies and legal instruments which recognize farmers rights Develop the legislative framework for the implementation of farmers’ rights Development of position paper on farmer rights 80000 Output: Position paper developed Indicator: Number of Stakeholders meetings and reports Outcome: Farmers recognized and legally protected Indicators: Number of legal provisions or policies protecting farmers rights 2022-2032 GRBI SPPBD, Legal Services Department, NGOs, Consultation of stakeholders including farmers in the formulation process 60000 Output: Farmer consultation conducted Indicator: Number of consultative meetings conducted 2022-2032 GRBI Legal Services Department, SPPBD, NGOs, CBOs Review and upgrade existing policies to mainstream Farmers’ Rights 60000 Output: Policy review and upgrade conducted Indicator: Number of policies reviewed and upgraded 2022-2032 Legal Services Department SPPBD, GRBI, NGOs Outcome: Farmers recognized and legally protected Indicators: Number of legal provisions or policies protecting farmers rights Develop mechanisms and institutions for the implementation of farmers’ rights Facilitation and development of farmer institutions that represents farmers rights 50000 Output: Mechanisms and Institutions developed Number of Institutions and mechanism developed 2022-2032 SPPBD NGOs, CBOs, GRBI, Legal Services Department Strengthening of existing farmer representative organizations to effectively represent farmers on farmers rights 50000 Output: Farmer representative organizations strengthened Indicator: Number of Farmer representative organizations strengthened 2022-2032 SPPBD GRBI, NGOs Awareness-raising and training on farmers rights 300000 Output: Training and awareness of farmers rights conducted 2022-2032 Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 40 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Recognition and protection of farmer’s varieties Development of mechanism of recognition and protection of farmers’ varieties Establish standards for maintenance of farmers’ varieties 80000 Output: Standards for maintenances of farmers varieties established Indicator: Number of standards established Outcome: Farmers varieties recognized and protected Indicators: Increase in production of farmers varieties 2022-2032 ARID GRBI, Public and Private seed producers Registration of farmers’ varieties 100000 Output: farmers varieties registered Indicator: Number of registered farmers varieties 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Development of national catalogue of farmers’ varieties 200000 Output: Farmers varieties catalogues produced Indicator: Number of catalogues of farmers varieties produced 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Commercialization of farmers’ varieties Promoting seed production of farmers’ varieties 500000 Output: Production of farmers varieties promoted Indicator: Increase in the seed produced for farmers varieties 2022-2032 AGRITEX ARID, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Developing markets for farmers’ varieties 300000 Output: Markets developed Indicator: Number of markets developed 2022-2032 SPPBD and AMA ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Develop mechanisms for facilitating partnership on multiplication and commercialization of farmers’ varieties 50000 Output: Mechanisms for facilitating partnership on farmers varieties commercialization and multiplication Indicator: Number of mechanisms developed 2022-2032 SPPBD and AMA ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Recognition and protection of traditional knowledge systems. Documentation of PGRFA related traditional knowledge Create an inventory database of PGRFA traditional knowledge from community and national levels. 300000 Output: Database for traditional knowledge created Indicator: number of databases created Number of farmer meetings conducted Outcome: Traditional knowledge is recognized and protected Indicator: Number of provisions for recognizing and protecting traditional knowledge 2022-2032 ARID EMA, Legal Services Department, Local Government, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Develop a mechanism for protection of traditional knowledge system 200000 A mechanism for the protection of traditional knowledge developed Indicator: Number of mechanisms developed 2022-2032 ARID EMA, Legal Services Department, Local Government, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Develop quality assurance standards for local seed production Develop a mechanism for seed certification of local seed Development of seed quality assurance standards 200000 Output: seed quality assurance standards produced Indicator: Number of seed quality assurance standards Outcome: Increased production of local seed Indicator: Quantity of seed produced 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Registration of units and certification of local seed production 500000 Output: Units registered and local seed production certified Indicator: number of registered units and increase in the quantity of local seed that is certified. 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 41 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Capacity development of farmers on quality seed production 530000 Output: Farmers capacitated Indicator: Number of farmers capacitated on quality seed production 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Develop the provisions for PGRFA Access and Benefit Sharing. Development of a legal framework and institutions that implement the ABS provisions of the ITPGRFA Development of a position paper on ABS for PGRFA 25000 Output: Position paper produced Indicator: Number of stakeholder meetings Outcome: Increased access to and the sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of PGRFA Indicator: Number of legal provisions for ABS that are put in place 2022-2032 ARID Legal services department, SPPBD, EMA Development of legal frameworks that implement ABS on PGRFA 100000 Output: Legal frameworks on ABS developed Indicator: Number of legal frameworks developed 2022-2032 ARID GRBI, SPPBD, EMA, Legal Services Department Establishment of an institutional framework for implementation of ABS provisions 100000 Output: Institutional framework established Indicator: Number of legal frameworks developed 2022-2032 ARID EMA, Legal services department, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Put in place a Legal framework that separates the ABS of specialized PGRFA and its related traditional knowledge systems from the rest of the Genetic Resources under the SI 61 of 2009 Put in place mechanism for review of SI 61 of 2009 50000 Output: Mechanism put in place Indicator: Number of Stakeholder meetings 2022-2032 ARID SPPBD, EMA, Legal services department Engage with relevant stakeholders, Ministries and partners responsible for ABS implementation. 50000 Output: Stakeholders engaged Indicator: Number of stakeholder meetings 2022-2032 ARID EMA, SPPBD, Legal Services Department, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Forestry Commission, ZPWA Harmonize implementation of ABS 50000 Output: ABS implementation harmonized Indicator: Number of stakeholder meetings 2022-2032 ARID EMA, SPPBD, Legal Services Department, Ministry of Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 42 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Foster broad participation of farmers in decision making processes relating to their PGRFA and traditional knowledge systems Ensure the full and effective participation of farmers and communities in the formulation, development, and implementation of access and benefit-sharing related policies. Awareness-raising and training on ABS 300000 Output: Training and awareness raising conducted Indicator; Number of training and awareness raising programs conducted, number of farmers trained and made aware Outcome: Farmers participation in decision making processes increased Indicator: Number of farmers participating in decision making processes 2022-2032 DR&SS Legal Services Department, EMA, Farmer Organisations, Local Government, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Establishment of farmers institutions that facilitate the implementation of the specialised ABS provisions, e.g. on the issue of prior consent. 120000 Output; Farmer institutions established Indicator: Number of farmer institutions established 2022-2032 ARID Legal Services Department, EMA, Farmer Organisations, Local Government, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners To build and/ or strengthen the capacity of Institutions for farmers to enable them to fully understand ABS issues and effectively participate in the implementation of ABS measures. 120000 Output: Capacity of institutions strengthened Indicator: Number of institutions strengthened 2022-2032 ARID Legal Services Department, EMA, Farmer Organisations, Local Government, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector and Development Partners Component 3: PGRFA Research and Development Promotion of Research and Development on PGRFA PGRFA Crop Research and Development Carry out inventories on PGRFA such as farmers’ varieties, crop wild relatives, wild fruits and wild edible plants 300000 Output: Research inventories on farmers varieties, crop wild relatives, wild and edible fruits promoted Indicator: Number of inventories carried out Outcome: Improved crop research and development on PGRFA Indicator: Increased reports on research in PGRFA 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Parastatals, Colleges, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector, ARC, CGIARs and Development Partners Conduct participatory research and development of PGRFA 1500000 Output: Participatory Research promoted Indicator: Number of Participatory research programs conducted 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Parastatals, ARC, Colleges, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development Partners Develop knowledge sharing platforms on farmers varieties research and development 200000 Output: Knowledge sharing platforms on farmers varieties developed Indicator: Number of platforms developed Number of meetings reported 2022-2032 ARID Universities, ARC, Parastatals, Colleges, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development Partners PGRFA morphological and molecular diversity studies including characterization and evaluation 800000 Output: studies including characterization and evaluation carried out Indicator: Number of reports of studies carried out 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Parastatals, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Establish descriptors for farmers’ varieties and other PGRFA 250000 Output: Descriptors for farmers varieties produced Indicator: List of descriptors produced 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Parastatals, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Development of PGRFA catalogues 150000 Output: PGRFA catalogues produced Indicator: number of catalogues produced 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Parastatals, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 43 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Co development of traditional knowledge systems and conventional science in crop research and development Validation of traditional knowledge systems through research and development 750000 Output: Validation of traditional knowledge systems conducted Indicator: Number of validation reports produced Outcome: Enhance co development between Traditional Knowledge system and science on research Indicator: Increased reports on research in PGRFA 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Create knowledge transfer system between farmers, extension and researchers 100000 Output: Knowledge transfer system between farmers, extension and researchers strengthened Indicator: Number of meetings conducted 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Integration of traditional knowledge system into conventional knowledge systems 100000 Output: Traditional knowledge system Integrated into conventional knowledge systems Indicator: Number of technical reports and publications produced 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, AGRITEX, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Component 4: Capacity Development, Coordination and Communication for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Capacity Development for PGRFA conservation Strengthening the institutions involved in PGRFA conservation Procurement of equipment and provisions for seed processing and storage 1500000 Output: equipment and provisions for seed processing and storage procured Indicator: Number of equipment and provisions for seed processing and storage procured Outcome: the capacity for PGRFA conservation strengthened Indicator: a strengthened capacity for the National Genebank and other partners involved in PGRFA conservation 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Parastatals, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Expansion of the ex-situ storage facilities 600000 Output: genebank building expanded Indicator: The number of genebank buildings expanded 2022-2032 ARID Ministry of Finance, Parastatals, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Establishment of a cryopreservation unit 800000 Output: cryopreservation unit established Indicator: Number of cryopreservation units expanded 2022-2032 ARID Development Partners, Parastatals, Ministry of Finance, Development Partners Establishment of a tissue culture unit 850000 Output: tissue culture unit established Indicator: number of tissue culture units established 2022-2032 ARID Development Partners, Ministry of Finance Establishment of field genebanks 300000 Output: Field genebanks established Indicator: Number of field genebanks established 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Establishment of a biotechnology laboratory 250000 Output: biotechnology laboratory established Indicator: number of biotechnology laboratories established 2022-2032 ARID Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, Parastatals, CGIARs and Development partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 44 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Capacity development of human resources in institutions dealing with conservation of PGRFA. Development of training programs for human resources capacity building 12000 Output: training programs for human resources capacity building developed Indicator: number of training programs for human resources capacity building developed 2022-2032 ARID Development partners and Research Institutions Mainstreaming PGRFA into the national education curriculum 500000 Output: PGRFA mainstreamed into the national education curriculum Indicator: number of national education curriculum where PGRFA is mainstreamed 2022-2032 Ministry of Education Universities, Colleges, Civil Society, ARID, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Coordination of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives Development of markets and market linkages for PGRFA Improve coordination of farmers on the marketing of PGRFA products 300000 Output: coordination of farmers on the marketing of PGRFA products improved Indicator: number of platforms for coordination of farmers on the marketing of PGRFA products developed Outcome: coordination of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives improved Indicator: number of coordination platforms for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives established 2022-2032 Economics and Markets ARC, ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Promote increased consumption and utilization of PGRFA products. 150000 Output: increased consumption and utilization of PGRFA products Indicator: number of platforms for the promotion of increased consumption and utilization of PGRFA products developed 2022-2032 AMA AMA, ARID, AGRITEX, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Increase production and productivity of quality PGRFA products. 150000 Output: production and productivity of quality PGRFA products increased Indicator: Increased production and productivity of quality PGRFA products 2022-2032 AGRITEX AMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Collaboration with marketing institutions (private and public) in the creation of markets for PGRFA. 200000 Output: Collaboration with marketing institutions (private and public) in the creation of markets for PGRFA established Indicator: number of collaborations with marketing institutions (private and public) in the creation of markets for PGRFA 2022-2032 Economics and Markets AMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Outcome: coordination of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives improved Indicator: number of coordination platforms for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use initiatives established Strengthening of existing marketing institutions. 100000 Output: existing marketing institutions strengthened Indicator: number of existing marketing institutions strengthened 2022-2032 Economics and Markets AMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Establishment of linkages to the private buyers, e.g. food or feed processing companies. 200000 Output: linkages to the private buyers, e.g. food or feed processing companies established Indicator: number of linkages to the private buyers, e.g. food or feed processing companies established 2022-2032 AMA Economics and Markets, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 45 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Development of coordination mechanisms Development of networks for PGRFA conservation institutions (community seedbanks, national agricultural research institutions and partners) 150000 Output: networks for PGRFA conservation institutions (community seedbanks, national agricultural research institutions and partners) developed Indicator: number of networks for PGRFA conservation institutions (community seedbanks, national agricultural research institutions and partners) developed 2022-2032 ARID Economics and Markets, EMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector, CGIARs and Development partners Strengthening of institutions that represent farmers. 200000 Output: institutions that represent farmers strengthened Indicator: number of institutions that represent farmers strengthened 2022-2032 Economics and Markets AMA, EMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Communication and Publicity for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Development of a communication programme for awareness raising on PGRFA and the National Strategy for PGRFA Development of a communication plan 250000 Output: communication plan for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use developed Indicator: number of communication plans for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use developed Outcome: PGRFA aconservation and sustainable use publicized and communicated Indicator: number of mechanisms for publicity and communication of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use established 2022-2032 ICT MLAFWRD AMA, EMA, ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Establishment of an institutional framework for information dissemination 80000 Output: an institutional framework for information dissemination established Indicator: number of institutional frameworks for information dissemination established 2022-2032 Agricultural Research Council AMA, EMA, ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Establishment of mechanisms for communication Digital communication such as online publications, and links to PGR websites of institutions collaborating with PGR 350000 Output: Digital communication such as online publications, and links to PGR websites of institutions collaborating with PGR established Indicator: number of Digital communication such as online publications, and links to PGR websites of institutions collaborating with PGR established 2022-2032 ICT MLAFWRD ARID, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 46 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Physical publications such as pamphlets, manuals, fliers 250000 Output: Physical publications such as pamphlets, manuals, fliers developed Indicator: Number of Physical publications such as pamphlets, manuals, fliers developed Outcome: PGRFA aconservation and sustainable use publicized and communicated Indicator: number of mechanisms for publicity and communication of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use established 2022-2032 ARID ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Reaching out to media: this could involve issuing press releases or radio and TV shows 200000 Output: information disseminated through media Indicator: number of media platforms utilized for communication and number of shows or press releases 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Organising conferences/ workshops on PGRFA 300000 Output: conferences/ workshops on PGRFA organised Indicator: number of conferences/ workshops on PGRFA organised 2022-2032 ARID AGRITEX, ARC, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Strengthening of platforms for active direct engagement and collaboration arrangements with relevant stakeholders 150000 Output: platforms for active direct engagement and collaboration strengthened Indicator: number of platforms for active direct engagement and collaboration strengthened 2022-2032 Agricultural Research Council (ARC) AGRITEX, ARID, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Component 5: Resource mobilization for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Mobilizing government funds for conservation, management and sustainable use of PGRFA Establishing government sources of funding PGRFA Establishing a legal provision that directs a proportion of; 1 the budget for crop research and specialist services to be dedicated for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 2 crop based levy to be allocated towards conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 3 the budget for the farmer input support programme (FISP) to support conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, 4 government agricultural credit schemes are dedicated to support the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA. 30000 Output: Legal provisions put in place Indicator: Number of legal provisions Outcome: Government funds availed for PGRFA conservation and sustainable Indicator: Amount of government funds mobilized for conservation and sustainable use 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry of Finance Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 47 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Commercial users of PGRFA contribute an equitable share of benefits to the conservation fund and or initiatives. Develop a legislative framework that enables user-based payments Establish conservation tax on PGRFA commercial users 25000 Output: Funding options established Indicator: Number of funding options that are established Outcome: Funds secured from commercial users of PGRFA Indicator 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry of Finance Establish tax incentives for donating non PGRFA user companies 10000 Output: Funding options established Indicator: Number of funding options that are established Outcome: Funds secured from commercial users of PGRFA Indicator 2022-2032 Ministry of Finance MLAFWRD, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Collaborate with PGRFA users, on their research and exploration 100000 2022-2032 ARID Private and Public research institutions Establish that a proportion of crop levies to be allocated for conservation of PGRFA 10000 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry of Finance Donor funding for conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured Mobilize donor funds to support PGRFA conservation and sustainable use Project proposals developed for funding through various donor options 10000 Output: Project proposals developed Indicator: Number of funded project proposals Outcome: Donor funds secured Indicator: Amount of donor funds secured funds 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Forster cooperation with international donors 10000 Output: Cooperation arrangements fostered Indicator: Number of cooperation arrangements fostered 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Develop PGRFA revenue sources Establish funding streams from service fees Gazette PGRFA EIAs fees 10000 Output: PGRFA revenue sources developed Indicator: Number of PGRFA revenue sources developed Funds from revenue sources secured Indicator: Amount of funds secured from PGRFA revenue sources 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Min of Finance, EMA Gazette PGRFA access fees 15000 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Min of Finance, EMA, ZPWA, Forestry Commission Gazette registration fees for farmers’ varieties 10000 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry responsible for finance, Ministry responsible for Justice Gazette certification fees for certification of local seed production 25000 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry responsible for finance, Ministry responsible for Justice Development of the national genetic resources fund Develop a legislative framework that establishes and operationalize the fund Establish the national genetic resources fund 25000 Output: National genetic resources fund established Indicator: Number of PGRFA funds established Outcome: Funds secured for PGRFA conservation and use Indicator: Amount of funds secured for conservation and use 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Ministry responsible for finance, Ministry responsible for Justice, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Establish the revenue streams (i.e. from government, donors, PGRFA users and crop levies) 25000 Output: Revenue streams established Indicator: Number of revenue streams established 2022-2032 ARID SPPBD and Partners (NGOs, CBOs, Seed houses) Establish the operating procedures 30000 Output: Operating procedures established Indicator: Meetings, operating procedures document. 2022-2032 Min of Finance MLAFWRD Component 6: PGRFA Management under disaster situations Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 48 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Preparedness for PGRFA Disaster management Incorporate PGRFA issues in National disaster early warning systems Forecasting the impact of a disaster on PGRFA using early warning systems/models 120000 Output: Forecast reports Indicators: Number of reports, meetings Outcome: Impact of disaster to PGRFA reduced Indicators: Number of households seed insecure 2022-2032 MLAFWRD, Private and Public research institutions Broadcasting disaster early warning messages for PGRFA 200000 Output: Messages broadcasted Indicator: Number of people reached 2022-2032 CPU MLAFWRD, PGRFA Rescue collecting missions 300000 Output: Missions conducted Indicator: Number of materials collected 2022-2032 ARID Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Capacity building on PGRFA disaster management Awareness raising on PGRFA issues in Disaster management structures 200000 Output: Awareness raising campaigns conducted Indicators: Number of people or structures reached, reports, meetings Outcome: Impact of disaster to PGRFA reduced Indicators: Number of households seed insecure 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector and Development partners Training PGRFA disaster management 350000 Output: Trainings conducted Indicator: Number of people trained, reports 2022-2032 MLAFWRD CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Creation of knowledge management system for PGRFA disaster management 150000 Output: Knowledge management system inplace Indicator: Meetings, reports 2022-2032 MLAFWRD CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Coordination of PGRFA Disaster management Strengthening disaster response coordination for PGRFA Community participation in disaster management planning committees at all levels 100000 Output: Number of commitees Indicators: Meetings held, community members partipating, reports, minutes Outcome: Impact of disaster to PGRFA reduced Indicators: Number of households seed insecure 2022-2032 CPU Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Strengthening representation of PGRFA issues in existing disaster response structures 300000 Output: Proportion of membership representing PGRFA issues 2022-2032 MLAFWRD CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Planning, monitoring and evaluation of PGRFA intervention programmes at all levels (provincial, district, ward, village) 200000 Output: PGRFA action plans inplace Indicators: Meetings, reports 2022-2032 MLAFWRD CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Lobbying the recognition of PGRFA issues in existing National Disaster management legal structures 80000 Output: Lobbying workshops and meetings held Indicator: Reports, white paper, policy brief 2022-2032 MLAFWRD CPU, Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Rebuilding local seed systems post-disaster Restoration of PGRFA Assessment of the impact of a disaster on PGRFA 400000 Output: Impacts assessments conducted Indicator: Number of reports produced Outcome: Household seed security strengthened Indicator: Number of households seed insecure 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Private and Public research institutions Identification and repatriation of PGRFA from seed repositories 500000 Output: Materials identified and repatriated Indicator: number of beneficiaries, reports 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Zimbabwe National Strategy And Action Plan For Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agriculture 49 Priority Strategies Activities Budget Expected Output and indicators Expected Outcome and Indicators Duration Responsible Institution Partner Agencies Identification of potential sources of PGRFA that are suitable for the affected areas 100000 Output: Sources of materials identified and materials mobilised Indicators: Reports Outcome: Household seed security strengthened Indicator: Number of households seed insecure 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Private and Public research institutions Multiplication and distribution of PGRFA 500000 Output: Materials multiplied and distributed Indicators: 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Private and Public research institutions Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Strengthening local seed exchange systems Seed fairs 500000 Output: Number of seed fairs conducted Indicators: number of beneficiaries 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Creation of Innovation platforms that facilitate the exchange of PGRFA (e.g. Information communication technologies ) 150000 Output: Inovation platforms created Indicators: Number of beneficiaries 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Community seed enterprises 200000 Output: Number of community seed enterprises put in place Indicators: Number of beneficiaries 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Restoration of PGRFA storage infrastructure after a disaster Construction and rehabilitation of community seedbanks after a disaster 1500000 Output. Number of seedbanks constructed and rehabilitated Indicator: Number of beneficiaries 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector Construction and rehabilitation of household PGRFA storage facilities 1500000 Output. Number of household structures Indicator: Number of beneficiaries 2022-2032 MLAFWRD Civil Society, Farmer Organisations, Private Sector