Kafue Integrated Development Plan 2023 – 2033

1.0 Introduction and Background ..................................................................................................... 17

1.1 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 17

1.2 Organisation of the Report.......................................................................................................... 18

1.3 About Kafue District .................................................................................................................... 18

1.3.1 Human Settlements ....................................................................................................... 19

1.3.2. Land Tenure and Uses .................................................................................................... 20

1.3.3 Land Uses ............................................................................................................................. 21

1.3.4 Poverty Levels .............................................................................................................. 22

1.3.5 Topography ....................................................................................................................... 23

1.3.6 Geology ............................................................................................................................... 24

1.3.7 Vegetation and Wildlife ....................................................................................................... 24

1.3.8 Hydrology and Drainage ...................................................................................................... 24

1.3.11 Institutional arrangement .................................................................................................. 25 PART TWO: THE PLANNING SURVEY AND ISSUES REPORT............................................................... 27

2.0 Demographic Analysis .......................................................................... 27

2.1.2 Population Distribution by Residence (Urban Vs Rural) ...................................................... 28

2.1.3 Population Growth rate ...................................................................................................... 28 2.1. 4 Population Distribution by Density ..................................................................................... 29 2.1. 5 Population Distribution by Sex ............................................................................................ 30

2.6.1 Population distribution by age group ............................................................................ 31

2.2 Population Characteristics.......................................................................................................... 31

2.2.1 Dependency ratios ............................................................................................................... 31

2.2.2 Mobility and Migration ........................................................................................................ 32

2.2.3 Employment ......................................................................................................................... 32 2.2. 4 Life Expectancy .................................................................................................................... 32 2.2. 5 Fertility Rates ...................................................................................................................... 33

2.3 Population projections and Likely Characteristics ...................................................................... 33

2.4 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Population Trends on Land Use and Spatial Development Patterns ...................................................................................................................... 34

3.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 34

3.2 Energy Sector .............................................................................................................................. 34 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 viii 3.2.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level ............................ 34

3.2.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development .................................................................. 35

3.2.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 36

3.1.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 37

3.1.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis.............................................................................. 37 3.1.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups .......................................... 37

3.2.8 Summary of the sector............................................................................................................. 37 3.1.9 Consideration of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified ..................... 38

3.3 Transport Sector .......................................................................................................................... 38

3.3.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level ............................ 38 3.2.2Description of the Existing State Of Development .................................................................... 39 3.2.3Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process ............................................................... 39

3.2.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 40

3.2.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 40 3.2. 7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups ......................................... 41

3.2.8 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 41

3.3. Forestry and Environment .......................................................................................................... 42 3.3.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level ............................ 42

3.3.2. Description of the Existing State Of Development .................................................................. 42

3.3.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 43

3.3.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over the Next Ten Years ......................................................... 43

3.3.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 44

3.3.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis.............................................................................. 44

3.3.7 Issues relating to gender and vulnerable Groups .................................................................... 45

3.3.8 Summary of the Sector ............................................................................................................ 45 3.3.9 Consideration of the underlying Factors Contributing to the issues identified ....................... 45

3.4. Solid Waste management .......................................................................................................... 45

3.4.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented ...................................................... 45

3.4.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development ................................................................... 46

3.4.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 46

3.4.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 46

3.4.8 Summary of the Sector ............................................................................................................ 46

3.5 Water and Sanitation .................................................................................................................. 46 3.5.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level ............................ 46

3.5.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development ................................................................... 47

3.5.3 Issues arising from the public participation process ................................................................ 47

3.5.5 The impact of continuation if existing trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 47 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 ix Source: IDP Kafue, 2019 .................................................................................................................... 48

3.5.7 Issues relating to gender and vulnerable Groups .................................................................... 48

3.5.8 Summary of the Sector ............................................................................................................ 48

3.6 Tourism Sector ............................................................................................................................ 49 3.6.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level ........................... 49

3.6.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development .................................................................. 49

3.6.3 Issues Arising from the Public Participation Process................................................................ 50

3.6.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 50

3.6. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 51

3.7 Health Sector............................................................................................................................... 51 37.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level............................. 51

3.7.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development ................................................................... 51

3.7.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 52

3.7.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 52

3.7.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 53 3.7.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups .......................................... 53

3.7.8 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 54

3.8 Education Sector ......................................................................................................................... 54 3.8.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level ........................... 54

3.8.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development .................................................................. 54

3.8.2.1 Progression Rates and learning Outcomes................................................................ 55

3.8.2.2 Learner Enrolment ........................................................................................................ 56

3.8.2.3 School Dropouts ............................................................................................................ 56

3.8.2.4 Literacy Rates ................................................................................................................ 56

3.8.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 57

3.8.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 57

3.8.4.1 Primary School demand and supply assessment .................................................................. 58

3.8.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 58 3.8.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups .......................................... 59

3.8.8 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 59 3.8.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified..................... 59

3.9 Agriculture Sector ....................................................................................................................... 60 3.9.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level ............................ 60

3.9.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development .................................................................. 60

3.9.2.1 Active Labour force in agriculture............................................................................... 61

3.9.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................... 61

3.9.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ........................................................ 62

3.9.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 x Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 62

3.9.5.1 Production Trends ......................................................................................................... 62

3.9.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis.............................................................................. 63 3.9.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups .......................................... 63

3.9.8 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 63 3.9.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified..................... 63

3.10 Economic Sector –Trade and Commerce .................................................................................. 63 3.10.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level ......................... 63

3.10.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development ................................................................ 63

3.10.2.1 Business Enabling Environment ................................................................................ 63

3.10.2.2 Local Economy............................................................................................................. 64

3.10.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process ............................................................. 65 3.10.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ...................................................... 65

3.10.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 65

3.10.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis............................................................................ 66

3.11 Housing Development And Land Use Sector......................................................................... 67

3.11.2 Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process ............................................................ 68 3.11.3 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ...................................................... 68 3.11.4 Population Change – Future Demand for Services and Facilities........................................... 68

3.11.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 68

3.11.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis............................................................................ 68 3.11.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups ........................................ 69

3.11.8 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 69

3.12 Information and Communication, Technology (ICT) ............................................................. 69

3.12.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development ................................................................ 69

3.12.2 Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process ............................................................ 70 3.12.3 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years ...................................................... 70 3.12.4 Population Change – Future Demand for Services and Facilities........................................... 70

3.12.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns ............................................................................................................................................. 71

3.12.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis............................................................................ 71 3.12.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups ........................................ 71

3.12.8 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 71 3.12.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified................... 72

3.13 Analysis of Other community services (Security, Recreational spaces , cemetery and social protection.......................................................................................................................................... 72

3.13.1 Security ............................................................................................................................ 72

3.13.2 Recreation and Open Spaces........................................................................................ 72 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xi

3.13.3 Social Protection ............................................................................................................. 73

3.13.3 Cemetery ......................................................................................................................... 74

3.14 Consideration of the Underlying Factors Contributing To the Issues Identified – Other Community Social Services) .............................................................................................................. 74

3.14.1 Population growth ................................................................................................................. 74

3.14.2 Climate change and impact on the environment ................................................................. 74

3.14.3 Land degradation and pollution ............................................................................................. 75

3.14.4 Spatial distribution of Basic Services...................................................................................... 75

3.14.5 Service Quality and Diversification ........................................................................................ 75

3.14.6 Cultural and Social Practices .................................................................................................. 75

3.15 Summary – Core Problems........................................................................................................ 75

4.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 78

4.1 Development Framework ..................................................................................................... 78

4.1.1 Role of the Development Framework ...................................................................................... 79

4.2 Vision .................................................................................................................................... 79

4.3 Development Policies ............................................................................................................ 79

4.4 Development Objectives, Priorities and Strategies ............................................................... 80

4.4.1 Developmental Priorities................................................................................................... 81

4.4.2 Development Strategies ........................................................................................................... 81

4.4.2.1 Promote manufacturing and employment creation ............................................................. 81 4.4.2.2 Enhance agricultural productivity in the district by 2032 ..................................................... 81

4.4.2.3 Improve transportation Infrastructure.................................................................................. 82

4.4.2.4 Promote investments in Tourism .......................................................................................... 82 4.4.2.5 Promote investments in alternative sources of energy ........................................................ 83 4.4.2.6 Enhance human development through Health and education............................................. 83

4.4.2.7 Promote Civic participation and social development ........................................................... 83

4.5 Development Scenarios ........................................................................................................ 83 4.5.1 Scenario 1: A productive and growing economy - value addition is the economy .................. 84

4.5.2 Scenario 2: Social Development............................................................................................... 87

4.5.3 Scenario 3: Human Settlements............................................................................................... 88

4.5.4 Selection of Scenarios .............................................................................................................. 89

4.6 Land Use Policies and Proposals ........................................................................................... 90 4.6.1 Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Development ............................................... 90 4.6.2 Protection Zones, Environmental Sensitivity, Cultural and Historical Importance .................. 90

4.6.3 Protection of National and Regional Interests ......................................................................... 91

4.6.4 Informal Settlements ............................................................................................................... 91

4.6.5 Areas Under Traditional Authorities......................................................................................... 91 PART FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ....................................................... 92 CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN .................................................................... 107

4.7 Financial Plan ...................................................................................................................... 122 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xii

4.8 Revenue Collection Efficiency of the Kafue Town Council .................................................. 122 Assessment of current and potential revenue streams .................................................................. 122 Own Sources of Revenue (OSR)....................................................................................................... 122 External Sources of Revenues for Implementation ......................................................................... 122 Assessment of the Revenue Base 2021 - 2025................................................................................ 122 Main Factors affecting Revenue Collection and Management ....................................................... 123 Programme For the Preparation Of Local Area Plans And Other Detailed Planning Activities ....... 123

5.0 Institutional Arrangements ............................................................. 125

6.0 Monitoring and Evaluation............................................................... 125 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................... 142 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xiii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location Map for Kafue District ........................................................................18 Figure 2: Human settlement .........................................................................................21 Figure 3: Land use in Urban Areas .................................................................................22 Figure 4: Land Use Zonning ..........................................................................................22 Figure 5: Slope MAP ....................................................................................................25 Figure 6: Kafue Vegetation and Wildlife ..........................................................................27 Figure 7: Kafue Drainage System ..................................................................................28 Figure 8: Lusaka Population trend ................................................................................27 Figure 9: Kafue Ward Population ..................................................................................27 Figure 10: Population Growth ........................................................................................30 Figure 11: Population Pyramid .......................................................................................30 Figure 12: Kafue District Employment ...........................................................................32 Figure 13: Projected Population .....................................................................................37 Figure 14: Township Roads ...........................................................................................38 Figure 15: Transport Infrastructure ................................................................................38 Figure 16: Kafue Vegetation and Wildlife ........................................................................42 Figure 17: Climate Change Impact Analysis ...................................................................45 Figure 18: District Water Resources ...............................................................................45 Figure 19: Water supply and Demand ...........................................................................46 Figure 20:Sanitation Cover ...........................................................................................46 Figure 21: Tourism and Cultural sites ............................................................................47 Figure 22: Sanitation Coverage .....................................................................................49 Figure 23: Health Factilities ..........................................................................................49 Figure 24: District Eductional Factilities .........................................................................52 Figure 25: Kafue District Crop and Livestock ..................................................................53 Figure 26: production Trends .......................................................................................58 Figure 27: Summary of economic Contribution by employment .........Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 28: Other community Factilities ..........................................................................62 Figure 29: Spatail analysis of Issues .............................................................................71 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xiv LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Land Use by area (Kafue Matanda , kasenje and shabusale ) .................................................. 22 Table 2: Poverty Analysis ................................................................................................................... 23 Table 3: Kafue Population Distribution By Residence ........................................................................... 28 Table 4: Population Distribution By Sex 1990-2019 .............................................................................. 30 Table 5: Age Dependency Ratios By Lusaka and Rural/ urban 1990, 2000 and 2021 ........................... 31 Table 6: Life Expectancy ........................................................................................................................ 32 Table 7 Projected Population and Population Density .......................................................................... 33 Table 8: Sources of energy .................................................................................................................... 35 Table 9: Summary of Climate Change Impacts in Kafue District ................................................. 43 Table 10 : Kafue Health Service Assessment.................................................................................. 53 Table 11: Number of schools................................................................................................................. 55 Table 12: CSO Projection ................................................................................................................... 57 Table 13: Primary School Demand and Supply Assessment ........................................................ 58 Table 14: Budget Expenditure and Sources of Income ....................................................................... 123 Table 15: Analysis of Policies affecting Preparation of IDP ................................................................. 144 Table 16: International Conventions and treaties ratified by Zambia ......................... 149 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xv LIST OF ACRONYMS 8NDP Eighth National Development Plan AIDS Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome CSEN Children with Special Education Needs CSO Central Statistics office ECE Early Childhood Education FDI Foreign Direct Investment FISP Farmer Input Support Programme GMA Game Management Area HIV Human Immune-Deficiency Virus HRH Her Royal Highness ICT Information and Communication Technology IDP Integrated Development Plan LWSC Lusaka Water and Sewerage Company MFEZ Multi-Facility Economic Zone MLG Ministry of Local Government MoGE Ministry of General Education MOH Ministry of Health MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises NCZ Nitrogen Chemicals of Zambia NPF National Performance Framework PPP Public-Private Partnership PSIR Planning Survey and Issues Report R&D Research and Development SDF Spatial Development Framework SDGs Sustainable Development Goals TAZARA Tanzania-Zambia Railways UMCL Universal Mining Chemicals Limited WDC Ward Development Committee ZESCO Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation Limited ZILMIS Zambia Integrated Land Management Information System Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xvi PART ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1.0 Introduction and Background The Urban and Regional Planning Act No 3 of 2015 of the Laws of Zambia requires that all districts in Zambia must have an Integrated Development Plan (IDP) as its principal planning instrument. In effect, every local authority must prepare an IDP to guide development planning and management for a period of ten (10) years, reviewed every five (5) years. An IDP is a legislative requirement under the URP Act No 3 of 2015. Section 19 (3) of the aforesaid act states: “An integrated development plan shall be the principal planning instrument to guide and inform all planning and development in the area of the local authority and all planning decisions of a planning authority”. This IDP covers the entire Kafue District. The data used to prepare the IDP was generated from a desk review and feedback recorded through public consultations conducted in all the wards in Kafue District , through the district Development Coordinatizing committees (DDCC) and other consultations with the business community, traditional authorities and civil society organisations. Empirical data, spatial data, policies and laws that might affect the preparation and implementation of an IDP were identified and mitigation measures to counter those foreseen issues incorporated in the report. The report provides a base upon which development proposals for the IDP area are formulated. The IDP process was developed in line with the guidelines provided by Ministry of Local Government (MLG) as indicated below: 1. Preliminary Step - Preparation of Planning Programme: This stage pro- vided for the development of goals and objectives for the planning process, structure of the planning process and management and detailed budget and a strategy for public participation for the IDP was also formulated. 2. Undertaking the Planning Survey and preparing the Issues Report: Data was collected and analysed to understand the level of existing develop- ment and conditions within the district. Core issues, problems and their causes were also assessed. Existing resources in the district were also assessed and mapped. 3. Preparation of the Development Framework: This is were identified core issues and priorities assessed were used to develop a 10year vision, goals, ob- jectives and strategies of the IDP. Priority projects to be implemented were also identified. 4. Preparation of the Spatial Development Framework: This is the stage were land use and settlement strategies for the IDP area represented consid- ered and mapped spatially. 5. Preparation of the Implementation Programme: The IDP vision and ob- jectives and a capital investment plan with clear strategies for the implementa- tion of the IDP was developed. 6. Approval and Implementation: Kafue Town Council presented the District IDP to the council for consideration and adoption. The IDP process also made reference to the New Urban Agenda, Africa Agenda 2063, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and the Paris Agreement in aligning its local economic local development agenda.

1.1 Methodology The methodology for conducting the Planning Survey and Issues Report (PSIR) is Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 xvii provided for in the IDP Guidelines issued by the Ministry of Local Government. To complete the PSIR, the following steps must be undertaken: 1) Review of existing plans, policies and strategies; 2) Review of empirical and spatial data for sectors and cross cutting thematic areas; 3) Demographic analysis; 4) Population projections; 5) Summary of consultation with stakeholder Organizations; 6) Summary of community consultations; 7) Collection of missing spatial data and new data; 8) Assessment of future demand for services; 9) Assessment of the quality of service provision; 10) Spatial analysis; 11) Cross cutting analysis – climate change vulnerability assessment; and 12) Drafting of the PSIR. Ward Development Committees (WDCs), District Development Coordinating Committees (DDCCs), Traditional leaders, business association and sector ministries were the main source of data during consultations. Data collection tools used to conduct the public consultations are attached as annexure 1.

1.2 Organisation of the Report This report is organised in Five (5) parts. Part one gives the introduction and background matters focusing on the study area in terms of location, topography, hydrology, geology, wildlife and vegetation and climate as well as institutional arrangements among others. . Part two is the planning survey and issues covering the sectorial and thematic analysis collection of spatial data, assessment of future demand for services, assessment of the quality of service provision and cross cutting issues are reviewed and presented under broad thematic areas and sectors. Core issues are identified and development needs assessed. Climate changes, gender, youth and cross cutting issues are also assessed under this section. Part three details the development framework for the IDP. Part four is a narrative of the implementation programme capital investment plan, financial Plan, programme for the preparation of Local Area Plans and the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework the last part of the report is part five which is a conclusion to the policy document.

1.3 About Kafue District Kafue district is one of the Six (6) districts in Lusaka Province with an area of approximately 23, 250 square kilometres. The District lies between 339 metres and 1455 metres above sea level it is located 40km south of Lusaka City, the Capital of Zambia. It is bordered in the north by all the Five districts in Lusaka province, namely Lusaka, Chilanga, Chongwe, Rufunsa and Luangwa. In the south it is bordered by the Kafue River which constitutes the provincial boundary of Lusaka Province with Southern Province. Immediately after the river, the neighbouring districts in Southern Province are Mazabuka, Chirundu and Chikankata Districts. In the south-east, the district is bounded by the Zambezi River, which a physical international boundary with Zimbabwe. In the east it is bordered by Chongwe River. About half of the total district area is Chiawa Game Management Area with an area of approximately 2424.24 squares kilometers. Figure 1 shows the Location Map for Kafue District in Lusaka Province in the context of the whole country. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 18 Figure 1: Location Map for Kafue District Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030

1.3.1 Human Settlements There are four (4) distinct notable human settlement patterns in the district. The first one is linear along the major roads, rivers and transport networks both in rural and urban areas. This pattern is more prominent in areas along the Shantumbu Road (Chisankane Ward), Chiawa Road (Chiawa, Mungu and Kambale) and in Chitende, Malundu and Magoba wards. The second type of settlement pattern is scattered housing that is predominant in Lukolongo, Chifwema and Malundu wards. The most common settlement pattern in the urban area is the grid form that is found in the planned and serviced areas of the district in Kasenje, Kafue, parts of Shabusale and Malundu wards. Part of Chisankane ward in Lusaka South is also characterised by Grid Iron pattern. The last settlement pattern is a combination of various uncoordinated settlement patterns that are highly driven by changes in land use and conversions of land from customary to leasehold. This settlement pattern is more predominant in Chisankane, Shabusale, Lukolongo, Shimabala and Chifwema as a result of customary of tenure and growth of the informal settlement. According to the Ministry of Lands (ZILMIS), Kafue District had 30, 174 properties with a certificate of title and a further 4046 and 1214 with offer letter and lease re- spectively as at July 31, 2019 (Ministry of Lands, 2019). When compared to existing Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 19 level of development for Kafue District, these numbers indicate that a high propor- tion of people are occupying properties that are on customary land. Tenure has a direct impact on capital investments pertaining to land development. Figure 2: Human Settlements Source: Kafue IDP 2020 - 2030

1.3.2. Land Tenure and Uses Like the rest of the country, Land tenure in Kafue district is under two (2) main legal categories, namely state land (Leasehold Tenure) and Traditional land (customary tenure). The two tenure systems transcend from the British colonial era. The effects of colonialism and its attendant land tenure system throughout the country can be seen through the settlement patterns.

1.3.2.1 State Land State land is the land directly controlled and alienated by the President through the Commissioner of Lands. Before 1964, it was known as crown land and was occupied mainly by Whites and amounted to only 6% of the total land mass of Zambia. Generally, State land is zoned and planned by the state through local authorities. Historically, state land has been a subject to planning laws and other land related laws. Only three (3) wards, namely Kafue, Matanda and Kasenje (Township) in Kafue District can be described as being fully within state land. Secure tenure refers to the right of all individuals and groups to effective protection against forced evictions and is the arrangement under which most developments (housing, industry, and businesses) take place. People have secure tenure when there is evidence of documentation that can be used as proof of secure tenure sta- tus or when there is either de facto or perceived protection against forced evictions (UNESC, 2013). Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 20

1.3.2.2 Traditional Land Most land in Kafue district fall under customary tenure under two chiefdoms, namely Senior chieftainess Nkomeshya Mukamambo II and Senior chieftainess Chiyaba Cus- tomary land is alienated through the traditional leadership and does not require much documentation. Customary land is not considered secure and cannot be used as collateral for any legal transaction, such as borrowing of finances from financial institutions. This has resulted in uncoordinated development in most rural wards.

1.3.3 Land Uses The primary land uses common in the district can be summarised as follows: 1) Residential; 2) Commercial; 3) Mining; 4) Agriculture; 5) Industrial; 6) Administration; and undeveloped. The Figure below shows the classification of each ward by primary land use. Nearly 52% of the township land is used as residential and about 17% consists unplanned settlements. Demand for land closer to municipal services such as water and electricity has resulted in the conversion of open and green spaces to residential and commercial use. The town is expanding in the North and eastward (this will soon be restricted by Zambezi Escarpment mountain ranges. As shown in figure 2 the town has two distinguished growth nuclei – one in the North West and one in the south. Figure 3: Land use in the District- urban wards Source: Kafue IDP 2020 - 2030 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 21 Figure 4: Land Use Zoning Source: Kafue IDP 2020-2030 Table1 below summarises the land use patterns for the urban wards and provides an indicative percentage of the area. It also reflects part of the properties that are on leasehold tenure. Table 1: Land Use by area (Kafue Matanda , kasenje and shabusale ) No. Land Uses Description Area (metre square) Percentage 1 B Commercial 485634 2.929 2 O Open Space 1038365 6.263 3 A Administration 95820 0.578 4 F Industrial 2290213 13.814 5 G Public 631535 3.809 6 M Mining 353048 2.129 7 R Residential 8718853 52.590 8 RSC Squatter Compound 2891294 17.439 9 X Utility 74267 0.448 10 U Undeveloped Undertermined Undertermined AG Agriculture Undertermined Undertermined Total 16579028 100

1.3.4 Poverty Levels According to Micro-Level Estimates of Poverty in Zambia (2015) shown in table 3 below pertaining to poverty and inequalities levels of Kafue district, the incidence of poverty in Kafue is about 40%, meaning a high number of people are considered as living in poverty or below $1.25 per day. District-level estimates of the poverty headcount ratio (P0), poverty gap (P1) and squared poverty gap (P2) are detailed in table 2 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 22 Table 2: Poverty Analysis District P0 95% confi- P1 95% confi- P2 95% confi- dence dence dence interval interval Interval Kafue 0.605 0.570 – 0.641 0.256 0.232 – 0.279 0.136 0.119 – 0.154 (502) Source: World Bank, 2015. It can be said that most of rural Kafue is in relative poverty, most of the people lack the minimum amount of income in order to maintain the average standard of living in the society. Agriculture has been the way of life for people in rural areas and through that the local people used to earn a living from agriculture. With global warming affecting the district, it can be assumed that most of the people have limited avenues of earning an income. This has subsequently affected their lives. Other factors that have led to poverty are low education levels, poor infrastructure, and unemployment among others. Poverty levels in urban areas are lower than the rural areas.

1.3.5 Topography The topography of the District is dissected by many rivers and streams with steep sloped river/stream banks and valleys. The main physiographical features of Kafue District are the highland/hilly and lowland/flat land areas. The highland area, with a high point elevation of 1455metres above sea level covers the northern and North- eastern part of the district. The Namafuwa, Musoka and Mphande hills are the highest points to the Northeast. From the hills, the land surface falls rapidly, with slopes of over 30% until reaching lowland areas such as Kafue Flats and Chiawa area in the south-eastern part of the district. The district has an average altitude of 980metres above sea level with urban built up settlement below 1100metres. See figure 5 for the elevation and district slope. Figure 5: Slope Map Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 23 Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030

1.3.6 Geology The geology of the district can be classified into three main soil types, namely lithosol, luvisol, and vertsol. The district is mostly covered by the lithosol soil that is relatively predominant and consists of partially weathered rock fragments. The luvisol soil covers the south-east of the district and larger portions of the western part of Kafue. These are generally fertile and are useful for agriculture. The vertisol soils accounts for a relatively small portion on the far west of Kafue district. These soils have a high content of expansive clay materials thereby forming deep cracks in drier seasons.

1.3.7 Vegetation and Wildlife Most of Kafue is an undulating mosaic of miombo woodlands and dambos, within which you'll find smaller patches of munga woodland, and bands of riparian forest and thickets along the larger rivers. In the extreme northwest of the park are the permanently wet Busanga Swamps, surrounded by adjacent floodplains. However the District has faced massive deforestation which is evident in central to the western part of the district due to mainly agriculture expansion settlement encroachments and urbanization. The local forests (Mpande Hill and Kafue) have also not been spared from deforestation. Chiawa Game Management Area has also been affected by deforestation.

1.3.8 Hydrology and Drainage The main river systems in Kafue District are the Kafue River, Zambezi River, Mapompo River, Mapepe, Makwisi, Chiyaba River and Mufundeshi River as shown in Figure 6 below. A number of streams in a number of wards are also noticeable, both perennial and seasonal streams. The district has a small number of wetlands mostly along the Kafue River and Zambezi River which serve as the main areas for vegetable production. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 24 Figure 6: Kafue District Drainage System Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030

1.3.11 Institutional arrangement Kafue District has two (2) distinct institutions namely the traditional leadership and the state. In terms of the state, Kafue District administration is headed by a District Commissioner who is overall responsible for all government business. He is supported by heads of government departments that represent various ministries. All local authorities in Zambia derive their powers from the Local Government Act No: 2 of 2019 of the Laws of Zambia. Furthermore, the Constitution of Zambia has created devolved functions of the local authorities. The Council Secretary is the Chief Executive Officer for Kafue Town Council. The Council Chairperson, elected by the electorate in Kafue is the Political Head of the District and presides over all Council Business in accordance with the Constitution of Zambia. Some of the delegated functions of the Council include: a) Control of Markets and Bus Stops b) Formulating By Laws within its area of jurisdiction c) Promoting Local Economic Developmet of the District d) Promoting social infrastructure and services e) Waste Management and Environmental cleanliness In 2014, Cabinet Circular No. 10 of 2014 delegated additional functions to Local Au- thorities in line with the Decentralisation Policy. Some of these functions include: a) Primary and Early Childhood education as well as Adult Literacy b) Primary Health Care c) Social Welfare and Community Development Services d) Agricultural extension Services e) Community Management of HIV/AIDS and TB programmes f)Community Sports and Youth Development Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 25 The district has two (2) traditional authorities namely Her Royal Highness Senior Chieftainess Nkhomeshya Mukamambo II of the Busoli Royal Establishment and Her Royal Highness Chieftainess Chiyaba of the Goba speaking people. The chiefs are deputised by the headmen and other advisors that play a critical role in serving the people in their respective chiefdoms. Changes in laws at the national level have impacted how men and women exercise community power in achieving common goals and public interest. The role of the Ward Development Committees, traditional leadership and elected officials is now well understood in the district. This is despite the different political affiliations of populations. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 26 PART TWO: THE PLANNING SURVEY AND ISSUES REPORT

2.0 Demographic Analysis The section outlines details of population dynamics in the district and includes total population, growth rate, the gender breakdown, age distribution, rural and urban population, dependency ratios, population density and poverty analysis.

2.1 Kafue District Population and population growth According to CSO (2010), the estimated population for Kafue District was 227, 466. The district has sixteen (16) wards. The most populated wards are Kasenje and Shabusale as shown in figure 7 due to the fact that they are located in the planned areas and close to the Central Business Area (CBD) of the district. Their proximity to the T2 Road is another factor for the high population in those wards. The least populated wards are Chikupi and Magoba. In comparison to other districts in Lusaka Province (See Figure 7), the population of Kafue District is second to only Lusaka City and accounted for 10% of the total provincial population. Luangwa District is the least populated with less than 30,000 people. Figure 8: Lusaka Province Population Trends 1990 – 2010 Source: 2000 and 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 27 Figure 9: Kafue wards population Distribution Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030

2.1.2 Population Distribution by Residence (Urban Vs Rural) There are more people living in the rural areas of Kafue district than the urban areas. According to CSO (2010), an estimated 59.9% of the population in Kafue was considered rural and about 40.1% being urban as shown in table 3. From these figures, it can be noted that there are more people living in the rural areas of Kafue district than the urban areas. Kafue district has the second largest proportion of the population considered urban in Lusaka Province after Lusaka City that has nearly 84.7% of the urban population. This has implications for provision of municipal services such as water, refuse collection, roads, bus stations and energy resulting to its proximity to Lusaka City. Table 3: Kafue Population Distribution By Residence Population Kafue Lusaka Province National Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Urban 48,249 40.1 1,854,309 84.7 5,173450 39.5 Rural 72,166 59.9 336,318 15.3 7,919,216 60.5 Source: 2010 Census of Population and Housing

2.1.3 Population Growth rate The annual population growth rate for Kafue is 3.2% from the 10-year period of 2010 to 2020 (Census, 2010). From figure 10 below it can be seen that between the periods 1980 to 1990, the annual population growth for Kafue District was 11.6 and 2000 before rising to 4.6 % in the period 2000 to 2010. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 28 The rate of growth of the population for Kafue is lower than the provincial rate estimated at 4.6 but higher than the national growth rate estimated at 2.8 (CSO, 2010). The population growth rate for Kafue has been declining steadily largely due to the spatial changes, out migration due to lack of employment opportunities especially for the active age group 18 – 34years and tertiary education facilities in Kafue. In 2010, the population growth rate for Kafue was 4.2 having declined from 4.8 in 1990 to 4.6. Figure 10: Population Growth Rates (1980-2019) Source: Census 2010; Population and Demographic Projections, 2011-2035 2.1. 4 Population Distribution by Density The density of population is a very useful indicator of human settlements and the extent to which local authorities need to respond to challenges. High population densities place additional strain on the delivery of basic public services and makes estimation of demand and supply for services in the future more complex. On the other hand, low population densities tend to increase the cost of provision of municipal services. For example, a primary school placed in a high densely populated area will capture more children and reduce the distance children walk to access the school whereas providing the same services to a low density neighbourhood increase the cost per capita. Kafue has population of density of 37people per square kilometre. This density for Kafue district is higher than the national population density of 24 people per sq. km (CSO, 2018), but lower than the provincial estimate which stands at 100.1 per square kilometre. The figure below, shows the number of people living per square kilometer in the district. Kasenje is the ward with highest population density followed by Shabusale, Matanda, Mungu and Kafue respectively. The least densely populated wards are Chikupi and Magoba. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 29 Figure 11: Kafue District Population Density Map Source: Kafue IDP 2020 - 2030 2.1. 5 Population Distribution by Sex The proportion of the population living in rural areas consists of 51% women and 49% men (CSO, 2010). These figures show that there are more males than females in Kafue district and by 2035, the projected population indicate that the trends will not change significantly Out of the total population, youth comprise over 45% while those in the age quartile above 64years consist of less than 10%. Table 4, below highlight population distribution by sex in Kafue district. Table 4: Population Distribution By Sex 1990-2019 Year Male Female Total 1990 59, 668 57, 686 117, 354 2000 77,001 73, 216 150, 217 2010 123, 201 121,427 244, 628 2015 147,289 140,758 288, 047 2019 168, 432 167,151 335, 583 Source: Census 2010; Population and Demographic Projections, 2011-2035 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 30

2.6.1 Population distribution by age group The pyramid below highlights population distribution for the year 2019 in the district between both sexes and different age groups. The population has been distributed with 4 years difference between each group. The highest populated age group ranging from 0-4 years and least ranging from 70-80 years. Figure 11 below shows the summary of population in district using a pyramid. Figure 12: Kafue Population Pyramid Source: 2010 Census of Population and Housing The largest portion of the population of Kafue is children to working age 0 – 4 years. A clear indication that fertility levels in the District are high. This also implies that the district will need to increase access to opportunities for decent jobs and basic ser- vices such as schools, health facilities and recreation over the next 10years to match the growing population to having a higher younger population. This also means en- suring the dependency ratios for the age groups 80+ and children are reduced.

2.2 Population Characteristics

2.2.1 Dependency ratios In 1990, total dependency ratio (0-14 and 65+ per 15-64) for Zambia was 82.4 precent. From below table 5 it can summarised that there has been reduction on dependency ratio, this means that an age-population ratio of those typically not in the active labour force (the dependent ages 0 to 14 and 65+) has reduced, hence less pressure is exerted on the productive population (16 – 55). Table 5: Age Dependency Ratios By Lusaka and Rural/ urban 1990, 2000 and 2021 Rural/Urban 1990 2000 2010 Child Dependency Ratio 80.4 76.7 69.7 Aged Dependency Ratio 2 2.6 2.8 Overall Dependency Ratio 82.4 79.3 72.5 Source: 1990, 2000 and 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 31

2.2.2 Mobility and Migration According to the 2010 Census of Migration and Urbanisation (CSO, 2010), Kafue recorded in-migration of 58.2% (126,391) against -8.63% (-18,741) in terms of outmigration. The net migration stood at 66.8% (145,132). Furthermore, the area offers accessibility to safe (Piped) water, employment opportunities, quality housing and other amenities.

2.2.3 Employment Kafue has both formal and informal employment. Employment data at Kafue District labour office (2019) indicates that there are 37, 787 (Male 67%; Female 33%) in ac- tive employment in the district. The majority of the labour force is in agriculture ac- counting for 29% followed by Fishing (15%), trading (8%) and manufacturing (6%). The mining sector despite its huge potential in the district employs the least people. No females were accounted for in the fishing and transport sectors. Figure 13 below depict the employment status in Kafue District. Figure 13: Kafue District Employment 2019 Source: Kafue District Labour Office, 2019 2.2. 4 Life Expectancy The average life expectancy for both men and women of Kafue District in 2010 stood at 58 years and was higher than the national (51.6 years) and provincial (54.6 years) as shown in table 6. Life expectancy for Kafue District is projected to grow to around 62 years and 63 years by 2035 for men and women respectively owing to improved access to health care and improved detection of diseases. It will remain higher than the national average projected to increase to 59. The living conditions of the residents has also improved in real terms although the improvements are not the same for men and women. Table 6: Life Expectancy Year Kafue Lusaka National Province Life Expectancy (Males) 56.7 50.9 52.2 Life Expectancy 59.3 52.2 56.9 (Females) Source: Census 2010 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 32 2.2. 5 Fertility Rates The 2010 Census of Population and Housing shows that the fertility rate for Kafue District (4.8 %) is higher than the provincial average (4.6%) but lower than the na- tional level (5.5%). This rate is likely to decline due to changes in food patterns, employment, changes in spatial configuration of communities and other medical fac- tors that have resulted in the general decline of the fertility rate for Lusaka Province. The total fertility rate for Lusaka declined from 6.0 in 1990 to 4.6 2000 and re- mained the same in 2010. It must be noted that fertility rate in the rural areas re- mains relatively higher than in urban areas.

2.3 Population projections and Likely Characteristics The projected population for Kafue District as at 2019 is 324, 726 and is projected to soar to 513, 572 by 2035 (Zambia Population and Demographic Projections, 2011- 2035). This represents 10% of the population of Lusaka Province. Kafue has a population growth rate of 3.2 and is among the districts in the country with a fast growing population. According to the Ministry of Local Government (2019), Kafue is among the towns that is experiencing rapid urbanisation. Lusaka province is highest populated province in Zambia with estimated population of 2.7million with population growth rate of 3.8. Figure 13 below show population growth and projection from 2010 to 2035 for Kafue District is as follows: Figure 2: Kafue District Population Projections 2010 - 2035 Source: Zambia Population and Demographic Projections, 2011-2035 Table 7 Projected Population and Population Density S/N Ward Projected Population Density (Pop/Km2) 1 1 Kasenje 95581 4918.66 2 Shabusale 69209 2039.20 3 Mungu 32129 304.74 i 4 Shimabala 29432 536.06 5 Matanda 24857 601.62 6 Malundu 21170 105.93 7 Chisankane 20728 130.74 8 Kafue 18327 421.64 23 9 Chifwema 12122 13.47 10 Chiyaba 12102 9.08 11 Kambale 11729 40.91 12 Lukolongo 11593 95.42 1 After Delimiation exercise of 2019 the ward was delimited into two wards Kasenje and shikoswe ward 2 The ward has been delimited Into two wards Shimbala and kabweza 3 Created in 2016 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 33 13 Chitende 10331 30.90 14 Chisakila 10215 26.45 15 Magoba 2424 13.07 16 Chikupi 2372 6.97 TOTAL 384, 321 Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030

2.4 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Population Trends on Land Use and Spatial Development Patterns The population projections per ward shown in table 8 below are critical for local area planning and provision of services at the local level. Ward data is essential in plan- ning for elections, education, health and location of services such as trading areas. Kasenje ward has the highest population followed by Shabusale, Mungu and Shima- bala all with populations in excess of 30,000 people. The continued population growth of the District entails demand in many services for the population. This is already evident in the increased demand for land and changing of agricultural land to residential to ensure accessing to housing facilities and other services. The population growth equally implies that the demand for employment in the district is projected to grow; hence the setting of industries in the district would help to ensure the growing youth population can have access to jobs and other social amenities within the district.

3.0 Sector Analysis

3.1 Introduction This section looks at sector specific issues in the district. The section looks at energy, transportation forest and the environment, Solid waste management, Water and sanitation, tourism, health, education, agriculture, economic sector, Housing development and Land use, communication and access to internet and analysis of other Community Social services, Housing and land use development, and many other sectors matters. The thematic analysis focuses on a number of elementary issues that include, level of service delivery, issues arising from the public participation process, Impact of Changes Anticipated Over the Next Ten Years The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns, Environment and Climate Change Analysis, Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups. The chapter equally provides a Summary of each sector reviewed and does further look at factors contributing to issues identified in the sector.

3.2 Energy Sector

3.2.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level Government has intensified the provision of alternative energy sources within the Country. At district level, the promotion of investment in alternative energy sources like solar energy is receiving much attention from the local authority. In the recent past the local authority has facilitated the established of two additional solar plants within Kafue west of the district. This is inclusive of the existing solar farms that are housed in the MFEZ Zone. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 34

3.2.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development In 2017, electricity net consumption for Zambia was 12.38 billion kilowatt at National Level. Though Zambia electricity net consumption fluctuated substantially in recent years, it tended to increase through 1998 - 2017 period ending at 12.38 billion kilowatt hours in 2017. At the local level the major sources of energy in the district are charcoal, electricity and firewood. More than 60% of population use charcoal or firewood as energy for cooking because these two sources of energy can be easily accessed than electricity and are perceived to be cheaper. The Table 8 below summarises the source of energy by households and population in Kafue. According to the results below, majority of the households uses candles for lighting purposes (19,484) followed by households using Electricity (17,951) while the least households uses Gas as a source of energy. Table 8: Sources of energy ENERGY TYPE NUMBER District Population 227, 466 Housing Units 44, 556 Electricity Households 17,951 Population 93,111 Gas Households 50 Population 232 Wood Households 176 Population 793 Candle Households 19,484 Population 96,257 Paraffin Households 2,120 Population 11,406 Solar Households 832 Population 4,718 Bio Fuel Households 69 Population 379 Diesel Households 485 Population 2,658 None Households 181 Population 796 Other Households 3,208 Population 17,116 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 35 Figure 3 Source : ZESCO 2018 Figure 4

3.2.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process Kafue district currently consumes less than 1Megwatt (MW) of power per day and about 1.8 megwaatt at peak hours. The main consumers of power in Kafue District are households, commercial buildings, commercial farmers and industries. The projected demand for power by 2030 will be around 6MW, an increase that will be as result of the increase in industrial and mining activities around the establishment of industries and the expansion of commercial farming activities in the district. Currently, over 40% of power consumed in the district is used by industries and followed by commercial farms at 25% and the rest is shared among residential housing, commercial businesses, administrative offices, schools and health facilities.

3.2.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over the Next Ten Years The diagram above illustrates major sources of energy in the district; Charcoal is most used source of energy and accounts for 49%. Electricity comes second, which amounts to 47% of total energy sources in the district and followed by wood. The others source such as paraffin and candles are used for righting purposes. Gas and Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 36 other sources contribute to contribute less than 1% of energy sources. By 2030, the energy demand for Kafue is projected to grow to 3MW at off peak and 5MW at peak. The proportion of people using firewood and charcoal for domestic energy remains high at about 65%. The percentage of households burning fuels through cars and engines is low. The Consumption of charcoal is higher than electricity .Given the project increase in population these levels are subject to increase, hence negatively affecting the environment if connections to the National gird are not scaled up or if households don’t invest in sustainable alternative sources of energy. It is anticipated that in the years to, cover if the situation is not well managed the forest cover in the District will reduce significantly.

3.1.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns Charcoal consumption is expected to double by 2030 and fuel wood consumption used for charcoal production is estimated to be 544.8 million m3 and 46.1 million tons, respectively. This situation is likely to also occur the majority of wards in the District if an investment in alternative sources of energy is not done. In The wards of the District traditional charcoal production has been a growing concern due to its threat of deforestation, land degradation, and climate change impacts. Its use from 54 to 71% in both urban and rural areas. This rapid increase in Charcoal production as both an important economic activity and source of energy is impacting negatively on land cover as most of the trees harvested are not replanted.

3.1.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis With a few households connected in the main gird the level of consumption of charcoal is estimated to increase in the District. This will result in increased deforestation. Recently level of deforestation at a result of clearance of land for farming activities and charcoal burning has been on the increase in the District. This is negatively affecting the environment within the district. This affects not only loss of trees but also changes to the climatically conditions of the District.

3.1.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups Among the issues arising from lack of electricity in the rural wards is the inability of women and youths to engage in economically productivity activities at household level. Lack of access to electricity has a huge negative impact on households and communities because inadequate energy infrastructure causes the marginalization of entire villages or cities. At the same time, energy poverty in the rural wards of the District strongly affects the individual’s living and social conditions and undermines educational and business opportunities. Women in these areas, were responsible for a household’s energy supply, and hence suffer the greatest impact of energy poverty. Evidence of this can be found in ob- servable consequences such as health or physical drudgery, as well as in terms of social inequality and limited personal empowerment

3.2.8 Summary of the sector Modern and reliable energy is essential for economic development and women’s em- powerment. Time saved from wood and fuel collection could be effectively used for new business opportunities. Furthermore, women who have access to electricity and are exposed to several information channels, i.e. TV or formal education, are also more likely to be externally employed. This is not the case in the District. As wom- en contribute to the household’s income, they also benefit from personal empower- ment, increase their bargaining and decision making power domestically and im- prove their social status outside the home. In this way, women’s economic and per- Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 37 sonal empowerment results in higher social influence and greater political aware- ness. Both of these aspects are necessary to overcome the traditional gender-based division of labor. While access to modern energy generally has clear and positive ef- fects on females’ employment and empowerment, it might initially decrease income generation opportunities. Firewood collection and sales represent a source of income for women that would disappear in the case of technological advancement and a switch to modern energy. However, electrification is also responsible for increasing efficiency and automation in different sectors, including agriculture, where women are traditionally employed. Electricity demand in Zambia has been increasing at the annual rate of 3 – 4 %, mainly owing to mining sector and agricultural sector. Structurally, future demand growth will depend on mining company demand. Copper ore production may be affected by international market conditions. If the market price declines, Zambia could lose its competitive edge. Power demand could then also decline, a trend which has historical precedence. Thus, power demand in the mining sector is strongly affected by copper price on the international market and by price volatility. By 2030, the Zambian government plans to increase the electrification ratio from the current 3.1% to 50% in rural areas, 48% to 90% in urban areas, and to reach the nationwide target ratio of 60% by 2030. These increases will be additionally piled up in future demand; but the increases will be determined by restriction in actual supply rather than by potential demand. Figure xx Electricity Demand for Zambia 2005 – 2020.

3.1.9 Consideration of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified A number of wards are disadvantaged in the District in terms of access to electricity, this is because of the high cost of providing this service in low populated remote places with difficult terrains and low consumption results in rural electricity schemes that are usually more costly to implement than urban schemes. In addition, low rural incomes also rise the challenge of affordability. Although, where electricity replaces other commercial fuels and the long distance means greater electricity Loses and more expensive customer support and equipment maintenance. Despite this rural electrification one of the programs currently running in the District has claimed to have substantial benefits, promoting production and better health and education for Households.

3.3 Transport Sector

3.3.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level The country has a national transport policy which was approved in 2019. The Policy aims at enhancing the facilitator role of the transport sector in social and economic development of the public and private sectors. It seeks to promote private sector involvement in infrastructure development and service provision under a regulated environment. Further, it focuses on promoting integrated modal transportation of goods and passengers, enhancing cost efficiency in transport service provision; ensuring optimal maintenance and rehabilitation of existing transport infrastructure; promoting regional corridor competitiveness and promoting safe transport infrastructure and services. At District level the local authority in partnership with central Government has invested in undertaking road works that are meant to improve access in all the wards of the District. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 38 3.2.2Description of the Existing State Of Development The major road cutting across Kafue District is the Great North Road , running between Livingstone and beyond Lusaka and it connects Zambia and the rest of Southern Africa (Zimbabwe , Botswana, Namibia and South Africa).The district is also crossed by the railway line which runs between the Copperbelt Province through Lusaka to Livingstone and beyond to Sothern Africa. In terms of air transport, the district has two small airfields which can only accommodate small aircrafts. , The major rivers, namely Kafue and Zambezi can be used as a means of transport. However currently, the two rivers are utilised mainly for boat cruises by tourism businesses. The street networks in the township is extensive, but in a very poor condition. The rural parts of the district has a network of a number of gravel and earth roads which are passable, but equally in poor conditon.The Township Road layouts are shown in figure 14 below. Figure 14 Township Roads Source: IDP Kafue 2019 3.2.3Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process Kafue is urbanizing rapidly at an annual rate of 3.2% and yet provision of transportation infrastructure has not matched the growth. At the district level, the rate of investments in transport infrastructure is lower than the demand largely due to lack of clearly defined infrastructure targets, own financial resources and approved spatial plans to ensure that the investments in transport is implemented accordingly. Only about 3% of the district has approved spatial plans made up mainly of six (6) wards namely Kafue, Kasenje, Chisankane, Chifwema, Shabusale and Matanda. The majority of the residents of Kafue live in unplanned settlements on the fringes of the urban wards (Kafue, Matanda, Kasenje and Shabusale) and in rural areas extending as far as 65km from the civic centre. The existence of several spatial layouts (of only a few selected areas) that have not been merged and updated poses a risk to infrastructure planning, resulting in development inequalities between urban and rural wards. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 39

3.2.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years Current efforts to provide road infrastructure have been limited to only a few urban wards (Chisankane, Kafue, Matanda, Kasenje and Shabusale) which have had some of their roads upgraded to bituminous standards with the rest of the district experiencing minimal to no infrastructure at all. Some roads in rural wards such as Lower Zambezi, Kafue East and West were recently graded to improve accessibility. It has also been noted that infrastructure provision in the district is adhoc and irregular and has focused mostly on maintenance, not upgrading or creation of new transport routes despite the vast resource potentials in the district. The rapidly changing nature of wards closer to Lusaka such as Shimabala, Lukolongo, Chifwema, Malundu and Chisankane, which are on traditional land have experienced regular changes in land use from agriculture to industrial, commercial and residential making it even more difficult for the council to provide transport infrastructure. Other factors affecting the provision of infrastructure are the high number of land disputes, unplanned settlements and high frequency of subdivisions on previously planned lots especially in Chisankane and Shimabala Wards.

3.2.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The demand for transportation services in Kafue District is increasing due to population growth and urbanisation. Its proximity to Lusaka makes the district attractive for commercial, housing and industrial developments that have driven land conversions from traditional to leasehold and subdivisions of planned lots. Several roads will need to be upgraded and new roads opened. There will be a need for a well-planned intercity bus terminus to coordinate public transport systems and also need to consider alternative transportation such as waterways along the Kafue River to Chirundu and Luangwa and Feira through the Zambezi River. The existing railway will need to be upgraded and maintained to reduce traffic congestion caused by heavy trucks that pass through the main town Centre. In order to stimulate its tourism sector, the district will need to build an airport to attract international visitors and other local tourists. Kafue has a high potential for tourism in the Lower Zambezi. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 40 Figure15: Transport Infrastructure Source: Kafue IDP 2020-2030 The figure 15 above shows the priority roads that need to be upgraded and maintained in the district. By 2030, the district will require more roads to accommodate the growing population and rapidly expanding urban areas especially in Kafue East and West as well as the central areas in Shimabala and Malundu wards. The district equally faces the challenges of connectivity between and within the existing wards. 3.2. 7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups In the rural areas of the District, no established transport system exists this has made mobility for the rural urban a challenge. The majority of them have to either walk or use bicycle to undertake economic activities. The district is equally not well connected with road infrastructure making it difficult to move from one Ward or location to another. The only established model of transport in motorized transport, and rail transport which is also not efficient. The district does not have an airport, the existing airstrips are held in private hands for mostly those in agriculture and tourism. This implies that the poor are further marginalised by lack of a well- established transport system.

3.2.8 Summary From the public participation processes it was evident that an improved transport infrastructure with Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is critical for the district to improve connectivity. Further, the district needs to utilize the existing transport infrastructure such as rail, air and waterways by creating an integrated multimodal transport system to improve transport efficiency. . Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 41

3.3. Forestry and Environment

3.3.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level The Government recognises the importance of sustainable use of forestry and forestry product as important resources for the creation of employment, without however compromising the environmental standards. As such, the government has put in place a number of measures to enhance sustainable forest exploitation for economic development as well environmental protection. Some of the policies include afforestation, community based natural resource managements systems and many others. These measures include the promotion of sustainable harvesting of wood and production of charcoal in order to reduce deforestation. This has been done in Chief Chiawa where some areas have been zoned for restricted harvesting. The other key priority is to increase the participation of the private sector in the development of the forestry industry in order to enhance the contribution of the sector to the growth of the economy. Another intervention is the empowerment of local communities and traditional leaders in order to ensure adequate protection and management of forests. This has been actualised by the formation of community based forest protection teams in Chiawa area of the District.

3.3.2. Description of the Existing State Of Development Among the services being provided for through the Forestry sector includes but not limited to: Beekeeping Development, Forest Protection and Management, Tree Planting and Licensing on the usage of Forestry Products by way of issuance of permits to the members of the general public. Other services include Nursery Establishment and general Forestry Extension work. The District is losing more forest cover largely due to demand for land agricultural expansion as well as human settlements. Other activities that are contributing to deforestation include the high demand for charcoal and to certain extent timber production, though the latter is not for commercial production purposes. Most of the deforestation has been taking place in the north eastern part of the District in areas that include Nankanga, Kafue and Mpande Hills Forest Reserves. other areas affected by deforestation include the central part of the district (where the township is) , extending to the western part of the district and the’Chiawa Game Management Area. Kafue district has had substantial deforestation as indicated in the change analysis below between 2006 and 2016 Figure 16: Kafue forestry and Wildlife Source: IDP Kafue, 2021 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 42

3.3.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process Forestry has been used unsustainably in the district. As a result, the community reported that a number of streams in both urban and rural areas had dried up as a result of human activities. The community equally indicated a loss of tree cover in various wards as well as increased flooding as a result of the loss. of forest cover and fires. The key reason for the use of forestry products such as fire wood included the lack of electricity from the grid as well as unemployment.

3.3.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over the Next Ten Years Climate change impacts regional water availability through the spatial and temporal redistribution of available water resources. Since 2016, it was noted that climate change is making it significantly harder for local people to support their livelihoods, access safe water, fight hunger and live healthy. The rate at which the natural environment is deteriorating is alarming particularly in Lukolongo, Chifwema, Chisankane, Chitende and Chiyaba Wards. Trees (forests) covering an area in extent of over 4000 hectares have been cut down to pave way for commercial farms, for domestic energy, construction and small scale mining particularly sand mining. The rainfall pattern has changed dramatically since the late 1970s to 2018 with the rainy season reducing to a paltry 2 months of irregular rainfall. Much of Kafue district lies in the 800 – 1200mm rainfall zone and yet received less than 600mm of rainfall in 2018 resulting in crop failure among most scale farmers. In the late 1970s to 1990s, the rainy season would run for 5months (November to April) and in the last four years which have also been the warmest on record (December to February). The Lower Zambezi with over 1 million plant and animal species faces the highest effects of climate change that threatens wildlife, humans and land degradation. It is evidently clear that land degradation and deforestation have been the major contributors of local climate change in Kafue District. As one of the fastest growing urban centers, the district is experiencing many pressures particularly land conversions to meet the growing demand for modern affordable housing, industries and commercial farms. The risks posed by climate change across the district are similar. The changing rainfall pattern leading to droughts that cause crop failures and heat waves that cause extensive health problems are becoming more common in the lower Zambezi. Water resources have become more erratic in areas that lie further away from rivers and dams have also dried up and unable to get filled during the rainy season due to low rainfall experience. This has put pressure on households to find alternative drinking water for their animals and for irrigating their vegetable gardens. A total of seven (7) potential impacts primary were identified when analysing the impacts of climate change. Table 9: Summary of Climate Change Impacts in Kafue District Climate Change Impact # Wards Coverage Increased risks to livestock 12 100% Decreased water quality in ecosystem due to droughts 12 80% Increased migration to urban and peri-urban areas 16 50% Increased impacts on environment due to land-use change 8 60% Increased risk of crop failures 13 100% Loss of Priority Wetlands and River ecosystems 13 100% Increased impacts on threatened ecosystems 8 100% Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 43

3.3.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns

3.3.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis It is evidently clear that land degradation and deforestation have been the major contributors of local climate change in Kafue District. As one of the fastest growing urban centers, the district is experiencing many pressures particularly land conversions to meet the growing demand for modern affordable housing, industries and commercial farms. Water resources have become more erratic in areas that lie further away from rivers and dams have also dried up and unable to get filled during the rainy season due to low rainfall experience. As a result of the above climate change impacts, we have seen most communities going into charcoal production as an alternative source of livelihood. This instead put more pressure on the available forest resources in the district leading to the loss trees especially mopane tree species as is the case with wards in chiawa area. The continuation of the current trends of development where forest and agriculture land is being converted to settlement use will result into reduced land for agriculture, which in turn will lead into increased poverties for the communities that rely on subsistence farming. Other attendant challenges will be erratic water resources as a result of the destruction of sources of water such as the underground aquifer around the multi-facility economic zone in Chifwema and Chisankane areas. Water resources will become more erratic in areas that lie further away from rivers and more dams will dry up and will be unable to get filled during the rainy season due to low rainfall. In the Chiawa area, it is expected that there will be an increase in human anima conflicts, and reduced income from the tourism sector. In the Kafue plains, increase human settlements will result in overfishing on the reviver, thus depleting fish stock and resulting in increased rural poverties. Figure 17: Kafue District Climate Change Impact analysis Source: Kafue IDP 2020 - 2030 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 44

3.3.7 Issues relating to gender and vulnerable Groups Climate change has increased inequalities among and within communities in the district. Over half of the population facing hunger and majority of children at risk of malnutrition live in the rural wards of the district and are more likely to depend on government food assistance. The CSO (2010) indicates that extreme poverty is three times higher in the rural areas of Kafue than the urban areas and that unemployment is highest among adults than young people. This data is still valid based on what was observed and through public consultations. Additionally, the number of people living in extreme poverty increased from 36% in 1990 to 48.6% in 2010 and the numbers could be more by the end of 2020. The pace of poverty is accelerating and climate change is the major driver. The impacts of environmental deterioration are taking a toll on communities and women are affected more followed by young people. It was observed that temperatures in the lower Zambezi in 2019 reached a high of 37 to 42 Degrees Celsius in October. The lower Zambezi has also experienced more frequent droughts which are causing increased food insecurity and crippling the livelihood options.

3.3.8 Summary of the Sector The forestry sector in Kafue District has faced significant challenges, especially deforestation. The main drivers of deforestation have been clearing land for agriculture, human settlements, industrial development and charcoal production and demand for fuel wood. This scenario has contributed to the excision of some portions of the protected forest reserves such as Mpande Forest N0; 320 and Kafue local forests. Further there has been indiscriminate cutting down of trees even in other open areas dotted around the district. This indirectly has contributed to climate change being witnessed even affecting the livelihoods of the people. However the new Forests Act No 4 of 2015 together with the National Forestry Policy of 2014 has come up with measures that will help protect this very important natural resource

3.3.9 Consideration of the underlying Factors Contributing to the issues identified Most communities consulted cited the following Thas the leading drivers of poverty in Kafue district: unemployment, lack of access to skills and training, lack of viable business opportunities, land disputes and displacements, poor agricultural systems and human-wildlife conflicts. Proximity of the district to Lusaka has brought high demand for housing, agricultural farm plots and the general demand for charcoal and fire wood. Also the persistence drought in the district especially in areas such as Chiawa has made people turn to charcoal production as the alternative source of livelihood hence escalating the deforestation levels in the district.

3.4. Solid Waste management

3.4.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented The Solid waste regulation and management act of 2018 provides for the sustainable regulation and management of solid waste; general and self-service solid waste services; the incorporation of solid waste management companies and define their statutory functions; the licensing and functions of solid waste service providers, operators and self-service solid waste providers and provide for their functions; the regulation, operation, maintenance and construction of landfills and other disposal facilities; the setting and approval of tariffs for management of solid waste and provision of solid waste services; and matters connected with, or incidental to, the Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 45 foregoing. To ensure this act is operational at a local level, the district has been zoned into different solid waste management zones, which are serviced by waste collectors on a weekly basis.

3.4.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development Kafue district currently has limited mechanisms to facilitate solid waste collection and disposal. The district has one (1) designated disposal site located north of Kafue town, near the T2 Road. Most solid waste at household level is disposed of through rubbish pits. Communities also dump their rubbish on road sides, a practice that has serious effects on the environment. The poor waste disposal practices at household level may result in the contamination of underground water through seepage as well as contamination of streams and rivers through surface run-off during the rainy seasons.

3.4.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process Poor waste management practises by local Lack of know-how in the disposal of waste The size of the dump site was another challenge Non servicing of areas in the rural parts of the district

3.4.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years The population of Kafue is growing rapidly and the level of urbanisation is also high. It is anticipated that both historical as well as newly generated solid waste will grow exponentially. If not well managed, solid waste will pose very serious environmental challenges such as contamination of the underground water through seepage as well as pollution of the water courses through surface run-off. Kafue Town will therefore need additional dumpsites and designated waste collection sites in all the wards with the urban wards taking a leading role in order to manage the solid waste sustainably. On the other hand, there is urgent need to build the capacity of Kafue Town Council to manage solid waste by creating a waste management department and equipping it with the necessary plant and equipment

3.4.8 Summary of the Sector Solid waste management is a challenge as the Kafue Town Council does not have the capacity to collect all the waste in the district resulting in waste accumulation particularly in the urban wards. The main type of waste generated in Kafue town is domestic waste from residential and trading places with plastic bags and bottles being the leading type of waste. A tendency to dump waste in open spaces and in the road reserves was observed in Kafue Estates (Community 7), a high density area. Kafue estates lacks waste collection facilities despite its urban character, history as a planned area and its high population density. On the other hand, indiscriminate dumping of waste in the rural wards was attributed to illegal dumping of waste by operators mainly from Lusaka City.

3.5 Water and Sanitation

3.5.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level A number of government priorities are being implemented in the District these include: Increasing access to water and sanitation throughout the district, for water the Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 46 Local authority has partnered with a number of local and international organisation to drill bore halls in various part of the district.

3.5.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development The main sources of water supply in the district are piped water, boreholes, rivers , streams , kiosks and shallow wells. Lusaka Water and Sewerage Company (LWSC) is the main provider of urban piped water in the District.. Areas serviced by LWSC are Kafue Town, Kafue Estates, Soloboni, Shikoswe, Zambia and Chawama Compounds. In these urban areas, 17% of the population use communal taps, 13% with piped water within the house and 14% piped water outside the house (Census 2010) as shown in figure 15 below. Further, Kafue had 44, 556 households out of which 26.1% were connected to protected boreholes, mainly private water points. Twelve (12) rural wards are not supplied by LWSC and main sources of water are boreholes, streams, rivers and wells. The total number of boreholes in the district is 11, 674 (Kafue Town Council – Water and sanitation Unit, 2019).

3.5.3 Issues arising from the public participation process While there has been a general improvement in access to basic water services, access to safe drinking water remains a challenge particularly in the twelve (12) rural wards of Kafue largely due to low investments in water supply, risks of climate change that is resulting in loss of wetlands and ecosystems as well as population increase. The projected number of households in 2019 was 65, 734 and 94, 495 by 2030.

3.5.5 The impact of continuation if existing trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The demand of water in the district is influenced by the increase in population and despite this fact the equipment and machinery used to serve the population has not been upgraded from the time it was put in place in the 1990s, hence most of the newly built up areas rely on boreholes with own storage tanks. Figure 18 shows the water resources in the district. Water supply is also affected by increasing operational and maintenance costs. In 2019, the daily storage capacity of LWSC was increased to 450,000cubic metres per day although much of this water is for supply to Lusaka City. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 47 Figure 18: Kafue Water Resources Source: Kafue IDP 2020 – 2030 Future demand for water supplied by the LWSCo will increase marginally by around 5% due to the increase in private water supply and schemes. below for supply and demand by 2035. Figure 19: Water Supply and Demand Source: IDP Kafue, 2019

3.5.7 Issues relating to gender and vulnerable Groups An investment in water supply has not matched the increase in population based on public consultations and observations in the communities. This has resulted in women and children spending more time fetching water from communal boreholes instead of investing that time into economy ic production.

3.5.8 Summary of the Sector The proportion of population served with improved sanitation in Zambia increased from 26.3 % in 2001 to 31.1 % in 2015 growing at an average annual rate of 1.22%. Rapid growth of population most of the newly built up areas of Kafue (Chisankane/Chalala/Lusaka South, Shimabala, Chifwema, Malundu, Lukolongo) use soak away as means of disposing off excreta. LWSC does not have the capacity to service these areas and therefore have concentrated their sewerage services Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 48 around the four (4) urban wards. Figure 20 below shows that there are more people with a pit latrine in the district than any other sanitation facility. It was observed that there has been inadequate sanitation investments in district which could be attributed to the major cause of infectious diseases such as cholera, typhoid and dysentery. Sanitation Coverage Figure 20: Sanitation Coverage Source: Census 2010

3.6 Tourism Sector

3.6.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level

3.6.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development One of the key pillars of the Vision 2030 is diversification from mining to tourism and agriculture. Kafue District will focus its attention to create local employment oppor- tunities and promote economic growth and development. Local reserves, Conserva- tion areas and protected areas, local forests, cultural sites and national parks will enhance the tourism potential of the district. The number of tourism arrivals in Zambia increased from 362,000 in 1998 to 1.08 million in 2017 growing at an average annual rate of 6.83%. Less than 1% of the tourists visited Kafue as their destination. The major tourist attractions include the Lower Zambezi National Park, Chiawa Game Management Area (GMA) and Lusaka South National Park which offer a variety of wildlife and accommodates a number of tourist operators. Two Game Ranches, Chikupi Game Ranch and Kafue Fisheries Game Ranch (Lechwe Lodge), a wildlife sanctuary established in Chiawa GMA called Zambezia farm. Kafue Township has over 56 accommodation premises categorised as guest houses and lodges , 40 of which are located in the Lower Zambezi. This translates to around 450 bed spaces. The eastern part of the district (Chisankane and Chifwema) has over 15 accommodation sites to cater for international tourists. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 49 Figure 21: Tourism and Cultural Sites Source: Kafue IDP 2020-2030 There are two major traditional ceremonies that take place in the district, namely the Chakwela Makumbi Ceremony celebrated by the Soli speaking people under HRH Senior Chieftainess Nkhomeshya and the Kailala traditional ceremony of the Goba people of the Lower Zambezi under HRH Chieftainess Chiyaba. The Chakwela Ma- kumbi Ceremony which attracts 428 headmen in the Busoli Royal establishment and takes place every year in August and celebrates the coming of a new farming seson. The Kailala Traditional Ceremony has not been held since 2007. The district has a number of attractive cultural sites which if properly preserved, ad- vertised and documented could attract tourist and provide gainful employment to local people. Some of the key cultural sites in the district include: a) The old Chief Palace in Chiawa Ward; b) Ibwe Inunka in Chitende Ward; c) Natural Caves in Shimabala ward; d) Beit Building Kafue Ward; e) Dombola Moye; e) Pre-colonial gunpowder making site; f) Fufumwe/Chongwe falls; g) Shrines; h) Nyamatani, Chi- somoka, Chipapula and Malulu springs; i) Fossil site along leopards hill road; and j) Council Lodge (Colonial home for the District Commissioner).

3.6.3 Issues Arising from the Public Participation Process Most local people interviewed don’t take part of investment in tourism due to limited access to financial resources. Despite the huge potential especially in chiawa area of the district. It was also evident that the majority of the local do make a number of artefacts that are sold as tourism products yet these products are not well marketed locally and international.

3.6.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years The district has a potential for supporting its tourism development through site see- Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 50 ing by local and international tourists. None of the above mentioned sites are cur- rently under the national heritage conservation commission control and therefore remain unprotected and are threatened by the growth in private property rights. Due to the fact that the cultural sites have not been well documented and properly pre- served, local people are currently not benefitting from the existence of these sites. For example in the Lower Zambezi, the local people could benefit from tours to the old palace and the caves for local employment opportunities that can be packaged together with information about the lodges and the Lower Zambezi national park. The continued change of land for tourism in an unsustainable way may continue to affect the environment negatively

3.6. Summary Tourism has become a source of income in the district and the expected upturn in overall economic growth with success in stabilizing prices is likely to promote further increases in international and local tourism. Kafue district is a host to a number of natural features and infrastructure that are critical in the growth of this particular sector at District and international level. Tourism development in Kafue District is based on the two critical factors 1. Change or modification of the area, which should motivate tourists who are the key players in the field of tourism. 2. existence/Presence of nature feature that can be harnessed When developing a tourist destination in any area, the expectations and satisfaction of the tourist should be the basis on which the new development should be built, and the government should be an active participant in the development of the area. The need to strengthen local participation in tourism development needs to be activated to ensure local can benefit from the growth of this sector.

3.7 Health Sector

37.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level The vision of the government is to bring health care close to the family. Under this vision, government priorities being and to implement in the district are as follows: In ensuring adherence to government policy at local level the following are being undertaken:  Undertaking of vacation programs  Ensuring equitable distribution of health care costs among different income groups.  Maintaining high standards of health care delivery services within the various medical centres  Enhancing Rural and Remote Medical Intervention Training  Increasing Healthcare Workforce Training and Resources for Preventing Diseases and Early Deaths  Construction And Completion Of Health Infrastructure  Reduce Patient- Personnel Ratio  Increase financing towards epidemic and pandemic preparedness and response to the public health emergencies of international concerns such as COVID-19.

3.7.2 Description of the Existing State Of Development Kafue District has one Level 1 Hospital, namely Kafue General Hospital and 36 health Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 51 centres. A sizeable proportion of the population covers long distances to access health facilities. Women, youth and the aged are the most affected. Figure 22 shows the health facilities in Kafue District. In 2019 Kafue had 359 health personnel. In terms of health indicators, the district recorded four (4) TB related deaths. Kafue has an estimated 11, 588 clients on ART. Mortality rates for under 5 stood at 2.64 and 0.59 for persons above the age of 5. The most common cause of death is Respiratory infection, pneumonia with 5 in every 1000 people.

3.7.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process Most of the issues coming from the public participation with regards to health were around the following: Need to improve the existing health infrastructure Upgrading of health post in most wards Provision of water and electricity Reducing of distance between clinic Constructions of mortuaries Accommodation for health staff in rural wards

3.7.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years 7 wards out of 16 in the district have enough health centres to satisfy the projected population while eight will need additional health centres provided. Chisankane and Mungu wards will require additional one more health centre each to satisfy the predicted population demand. Shabusale ward with a high population density will require additional 5 more health centres, Kasenje ward two (2) more at least to cater Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 52 in consideration that the township expansion potential is expected to be in this ward. Lastly, Shimabala ward will require additional two health centres. This is the assessment based on the planning standards that one health centre should have a population catchment of 10000 habitats. The population numbers are from CSO projection and the health centres considered are both public and private health facilities. See the table below for future projections. Table 10 : Kafue Health Service Assessment S/N Ward Projected Density Number Population Served Number of Population of (based on planning additional HC Existing standards) required HC 1 Chikupi 2372 2977 1 10000 0 2 Malundu 21170 26573 0 0 3 3 Chisankane 20728 26018 1 10000 1 4 Chifwema 12122 15216 0 0 2 5 Chisakila 10215 12822 1 10000 1 6 Kambale 11729 14723 1 10000 0 7 Chitende 10331 12968 0 0 1 8 Chiyaba 12102 15191 1 10000 1 9 Magoba 2424 3043 0 0 0 10 Mungu 32129 40329 2 20000 1 11 Shabusale 69209 86873 2 20000 6 12 Shimabala 29432 36944 1 10000 3 13 Kasenje 95581 119976 7 70000 5 14 Matanda 24857 31201 4 40000 -1 15 Kafue 18327 23005 2 20000 0 16 Lukolongo 11593 14552 1 10000 -1 TOTAL: 384321 Source: Kafue District Health Office, 2019.

3.7.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns Generally, in Zambia, a health centre is to be provided for every 10, 000 people (Ministry of Health, 2019). The provision of a health post requires a lesser population of between 5000 – 10,000. Only 75% of the population in Kafue District has access to a health facility within a 5km radius. Health facilities are concentrated within the Central wards of Kafue, Matanda, Shabusale and Kasenje while the western part (Magoba, Chikupi) of the district faces the most challenges in terms of access to health services followed by the Lower Zambezi (Chiyaba, Chitende, Kambale and Chisakila). Other wards such as Malundu, Chisankane, Mungu, and Chifwema have access to health facilities outside the district such as Chilenje Level 1 and University Teaching Hospital, Bauleni Clinic and Chilanga clinic which are outside the district.

3.7.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups Kafue District Hospital is the only referral health facility in the district. The health system in Zambia is based on referral system. It means that for one to access health services at the Kafue General Hospital, they must be referred by a Health centre or Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 53 Health Post in the ward. Using the referral system, an estimated 130,000 people are excluded and the number will double by 2030 if no deliberate steps are taken to construct health facilities and employ more health personnel. This implies that vulnerable groups and other communities will continue to be disadvantaged if health facilities across the District are not improved on.

3.7.8 Summary The current ratio of doctor to patient at Kafue General Hospital is 1:1350 compared to a standard ratio of 1:100 (Source). In terms of nurse to patient ratio, the average for the district is 1:540 against a prescribed 1: 200 per 1000 patients (Source). The result is poor service delivery at most health facilities. Kafue lacks a district hospital and will require about 18 health centres by 2030 to meet the demand for health services.

3.8 Education Sector

3.8.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level The Ministry of Education upholds the principle that every individual has an equal right to educational opportunity. This means that every individual child, regardless of personal circumstances or capacity, has a right of access to, and participation in, the education system. One of the key policies to ensure this is achieved in the District is that if the school feeding programs for the poor and Vulnerable The ministry has partnered with local Non-governmental organisations that provide support in the area.

3.8.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development Kafue district has 82 schools broken down as follows: 17 Community School; 34 Government Primary schools; 15 Government Secondary schools and 13 Private schools which comprise 4 Secondary and 9 Primary schools. The district has 23 Early Childhood Centers and 18 Adult and Youth Literacy Centers. Currently, the teacher pupil ratio for Kafue is 1:61 while the average for Lusaka is 1: 33 and the national average is 1: 36.5. By all standards, Kafue district has a higher teacher pupil ratio. There are a number of emerging private schools and preschools in the district. With 18 wards in the district, this entails 3 government schools per ward which proves to be very inadequate looking at the fact that the ward with the highest projected population has 95,581 people (4919 pop/km2) and the whole district has an estimated population of 384,321. All the non-government run schools have helped in increasing the education coverage in the district but not evenly spread across because most of them concentrate in urban areas due to the high demand for education. Figure 23 is a map that shows the distribution of schools in Kafue District with a buffer of 5km radius around each school. Population data of the population of children of school going age was used to determine the number of children that may be excluded from schools due to distances beyiond 5km. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 54 Figure 23: District Educational Facilities Source: Kafue District Education Office, 2019. Table 10 below shows the number of schools in Kafue in comparison with the number of schools in the Province and the country. Table 11: Number of schools Primary Secondary Tertiary Schools Schools Schools Kafue 63 19 7 Lusaka Province 755 111 TBD National 8843 1009 TBD Source: Kafue District Education Boards; Education Bulletin 2017

3.8.2.1 Progression Rates and learning Outcomes Figure 17 below details the overall results of the final examination for Grade 7 and 9 learners in schools, which to some extent explains the quality of education within the district in comparison to other districts. It also indicates the percentage of the popu- lation in the school aged cohort (between and including ages 7 – 18) who are cur- rently enrolled in education. At National level, segregated results for 2019, the Pro- gression rate to grade 10 for boys stood at 46.94% while for girls was at 45.33%. The national progression rate to grade 10 for 2019 results was 46.14% compared to 45.65 % in 2018. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 55 Figure 24: Kafue District Progression Rates for Grade 7 and 9 for the Period 2011 – 2018 In 2018, the district recorded 100% progression at grade 7 and 48% at grade 9. There is a general upward trend in progression rates at grade 7 and 9 with more girls (67%) progressing to grade 8 and fewer boys (63 %). At grade 9, more boys (63%) than girls (41%) progress to grade 10. Factors resulting in the trends include economic challenges, child labour and distances to schools.

3.8.2.2 Learner Enrolment Learner enrolment in Kafue District increased at an average annual rate of 3% be- tween 2014 and 2016. This is the highest rate amongst all districts, second only to Lusaka City. The increase in learner enrolment is mostly in the urban schools. Learn- er enrolment has declined slightly in rural wards largely due to the current socio- economic context, increasing poverty, distances to schools and human animal con- flict particularly in the 4 wards in the Lower Zambezi.

3.8.2.3 School Dropouts The overall rate for Lusaka Province in 2017, the most recent data was 0.9% (Min. of Education Bulletin 2017). The number of girls dropping out of school at national level is rising and the trend is the same in Kafue, particularly in the 12 rural wards. These high levels of drop-outs are influenced by a wide array of economic factors including high unemployment in the reproductive age group, poor classroom and sanitation infrastructure, poverty, alcohol and substance abuse, early marriages, high levels of households with no income and teenage pregnancies. Zambia, in 2015 alone recorded 10684 pregnancies among primary school going children and 2052 in secondary schools. The gap left by the change in policy to do away with basic schools has left a huge gap in rural wards. The district has seven (7) tertiary institutions (universities 2; colleges 5).

3.8.2.4 Literacy Rates In 2018, adult literacy rate for Zambia was 86.7 %. Though Zambia adult literacy rate fluctuated substantially in recent years, it tended to increase through 1999 - 2018 period ending at 86.7 % in 2018. An estimated 55.3% Zambians were consid- ered literate in 2010 (CSO, 2010), while 45.7% were considered to be illiterate. When compared to national total as a whole, which has a literacy rate of 83.69%, it can be seen that the national functional literacy rate is also higher than that of Kafue District (67%). A higher literacy rate is often associated with higher levels of urbani- zation, for instance where access to schools is less of a problem, and where there are economies of scale. The spatial breakdown of literacy rates in Kafue suggests that urban wards have higher literacy rates. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 56

3.8.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process Issues arising include:  Limited Number of secondary schools,  Long distance to primary schools  Limited Nursery Schools  High Teacher Pupil ratios  Lack of Housing units for teachers in rural areas  Lack of ICT s materials in most schools

3.8.4 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years This is the assessment based on the planning standards that one secondary school should have a population catchment of 930 (1000) between 15 to 20 years. The population numbers are from CSO projection by 2030 and the secondary schools considering public and private schools. Table 12: CSO Projection Ward Proj. Pop Proj. Pop Proj. Pop No. of Pop Served No. of additional 2019 2030 2030 Existing (based on secondary or (15-20) Schools planning capacity required standards) by 2030 S/N 1 Chikupi 2372 2977 595 1 1000 0 2 Malundu 21170 26573 5314 3 3000 1 3 Chisankane 20728 26018 5203 2 2000 3 4 Chifwema 12122 15216 3043 0 0 3 5 Chisakila 10215 12822 2564 0 0 3 6 Kambale 11729 14723 2944 1 1000 2 7 Chitende 10331 12968 2593 0 0 3 8 Chiyaba 12102 15191 3038 1 1000 2 9 Magoba 2424 3043 608 0 0 1 10 Mungu 32129 40329 8065 0 0 8 11 Shabusale 69209 2039.20 17374 1 1000 18 12 Shimabala 29432 36944 7388 0 0 7 13 Kasenje 95581 119976 23995 2 2000 21 14 Matanda 24857 31201 6240 0 0 6 15 Kafue 18327 23005 4600 6 6000 -2 16 Lukolongo 11593 14552 2910 5 5000 -2 17 Shikoswe 18 Kabweza Total: 384321 From the analysis above, Kasenje ward need more secondary schools (21) than any others ward. Shabusale ward comes next requiring 18 more schools by 2030 to satisfy the population of secondary school going children based on 2030 population predictions. While on the other hand, Kafue ward and Lukolongo ward has more than enough even by 2030 population predictions. However, since Kasenje and Shabusale ward is in close proximity to Kafue ward, some pupils can have access to more secondary schools in the Kafue ward. On the other hand, Chikubi has enough secondary schools even by 2030 population prediction. The construction of more should be implemented in a phased way. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 57

3.8.4.1 Primary School demand and supply assessment Table 13 is the assessment based on the planning standards that one primary school should have a population catchment of 1200 between the age of 1 to 14. The analysis is based on the Policy brief written in 2011 that a Grade 6 class should have an average of 40 learner based on Zambia’s national benchmark for quality education. Augmented by the assumption that the average number of classes per grade is 4. Therefore, for each basic school should have approximately 1,440 pupils. Table 13: Primary School Demand and Supply Assessment Ward Projected Projected Projected Numbe Population Number Populatio Populatio Populatio r Of Served Of n n n Existin (Based On Additional 2019 2030 2030 (0- g Planning Secondar 14) Schools Standards y Or ) Capacity S/ Required N By 2030 1368 1 Chikupi 2372 2977 2 2880 -1 12210 2 Malundu 21170 26573 6 8,640‬ 3 Chisankan 11955 3 e 20728 26018 1 1,440‬ 7 6991 4 Chifwema 12122 15216 1 1440 4 5891 5 Chisakila 10215 12822 2 2880 2 6765 6 Kambale 11729 14723 1 1440 4 5958 7 Chitende 10331 12968 1 1440 4 6980 8 Chiyaba 12102 15191 3 4,320‬ 2 3043 1398 9 Magoba 2424 3 4,320‬ -2 18531 10 Mungu 32129 40329 1 1440 12 86873 39918 11 Shabusale 69209 7 10,080‬ 21 16975 12 Shimabala 29432 36944 1 1440 13 55128 13 Kasenje 95581 119976 12 17,280‬ 26 14336 14 Matanda 24857 31201 5 7200 5 10570 15 Kafue 18327 23005 4 5760 3 6686 16 Lukolongo 11593 14552 8 11520 -3 482, 410 Total: 384321 221667 Source: IDP Kafue, 2019

3.8.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The table above shows that most of the wards will need to add more primary schools to meet the predicted 2030 population demand. 26 primary schools will need to be constructed in Kasenje ward at, followed up with Shabusale ward at 21. Note Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 58 that the number of the needed primary schools can be reduced by increasing the capacity of the existing primary school and being mindful that churches and private school can also construct new school based on this assessment to supplement local authority and government effort. Local authority has also a duty based on the developed layout plan to reserve land for construction of schools motivated by the principle of equitable distribution of schools to service the underserved communities. In Chikubi ward, no more primary schools will be required. While Lukolongo and Magoba ward will still have more than enough.

3.8.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups The lack of a government tertiary education institutions spread out across the district has a negative impact on school progression, mainly on girls. The result of many girls dropping out has been early marriages and teen pregnancies and for males, alcohol abuse and crime. To meet education for all by 2030, a total of 30 primary schools, 10 secondary schools and 4 colleges and universities will be needed in Kafue District.

3.8.8 Summary Nearly 70% of all children of school going age are in school at a government, community or private school. The district has a total of 8213 children of school going age and the number is projected to grow to 15689 by 2030. Currently, an estimated 2378 children are not in school due to lack of classrooms infrastructure, distances to schools, poverty and lack of schools within 5km from their homes. The recommended ratio at both primary and secondary school levels is 1:50.

3.8.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified More boys are enrolling in primary education. In 2018, out of the 42,101 children enrolled in grade 1, an estimated 51% were boys (900 more than girls) and Mutendere school had the highest enrolment of 2, 887 while the lowest was Chisakila Basic School and Kanyangala, both in the Lower Zambezi with 165 enrolments (50/50) (Source). The low enrolment levels in Chisakila are attributed to distances to schools that are compounded by frequent human animal conflicts in the Lower Zambezi. Girls are more likely to face sexual violence, abuse and wildlife attacks than boys. The result is that girls of primary-school age will likely never learn to read or write compared to boys and this was one of the most notable characteristics of the participants during the community consultation as most women had challenges reading and writing. Another factor that plays a huge role in exclusion from education is poverty. An analysis of illiteracy data among women and men aged 15 to 49 across the 16 wards shows that women living in the poorest households are consistently the most disadvantaged and that illiteracy contributes to deprivations in other areas, including employment opportunities. Critical to this demographic group is the issue of adolescent fertility which borders on both health and social grounds. There is high number of girls dropping out of school in the district particularly in the rural wards due to child marriages and lack of access to opportunities coupled with poverty which is driving pregnancies among teenage girls. Fertility resulting from children born to very young mothers are at in- creased risk of sickness and death as teenage mothers are more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes and are more constrained in their ability to pursue ed- ucational opportunities than young women who delay childbearing. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 59

3.9 Agriculture Sector

3.9.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level Given the district resource endowment, agriculture will be promoted taking into ac- count the comparative advantage in crops, livestock and fisheries production. The long-term vision for the agricultural sector encompasses the following: To achieve food security for the majority of the Zambian population through increased yields and improved post-harvest management and utilization. The government poli- cy is equally around the developments of a commercial agriculture with most farm- ers (small and large) producing for the domestic and export markets. To promote a competitive and efficient agriculture based on regional comparative advantage. To develop a diversified agriculture linked to well-developed agribusiness indus- try for value adding and exports. To facilitate the entry of co-operatives and farmer organizations into highly competitive and commercial agriculture. To facilitate development of Fisheries and Livestock sub-sectors. To have agriculture that utilizes natural resources on a sustainable basis for in- come and employment generation and economic growth.

3.9.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development Kafue district is divided into three (3) Agricultural Blocks namely Chipapa, Mungu and Chiawa farming blocks. Kafue District lies in Ecological Zone I and II and has temperatures that range from 7degrees Celsius in June to 39 in December and rain- fall ranging from 34mm to 190mm. There has been a large reduction in agriculture due to a number of factors such as change of use and subdivisions particularly in Chisankane Ward (Shantumbu Area). The farming blocks in Kafue comprise of 30, 861 households organised in 182 villages and 86 Zones of which 15, 854 are considered as small scale farmers. Nearly 40% of the farmers are women. There is a need to increase the number of women and youth organisations in agriculture. As at December 2019, the district had eight (8) women groups and one (1) youth group despite a young population that is faced with high unemployment. The district has 62 considered as large scale, 676 as emergent and 102 as medium scale farmers. Farmer organizations are classified according to the land under cultivation and ranges from 1.5ha to over 20ha (District Agriculture Office, 2019). The district has an estimated 18,000 livestock in the form of cattle, goats, chickens, pigs and other small livestock. Kafue District has an emerging aquaculture farming businesses that include the Kafue Fisheries limited and small scale fish farmers. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 60 Figure 24: Kafue District Crops and Livestock

3.9.2.1 Active Labour force in agriculture According to the Labour Force Survey (CSO, 2018), the employment rate for Zambia was estimated at 31.1% meaning over two-thirds of Zambians eligible to work did not have a job. Unemployment stood at 11.4% and particularly youth unemployment was estimated at 16%. The Agriculture Census Analytical Report (2010), Kafue district had 44,556 households. It can be seen from figure 25 below that 19,311 were the active population in agriculture labour force, of which 82 percent (15,758) of the active population were male while 18 percent (3,553) active population in agriculture labour force. The trends in the sector have remained the same since 2010.31 25,000 19,311 20,000 15,758 Population 15,000 10,000 5,000 3,553 0 Total Agricultural Male Female Households Active Labour force in agriculture

3.9.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process The following pertinent matters came out from the public participation process Lack of integrated agricultural farming methodologies Lack of value additional Mono cropping Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 61 High disease death rates Lack of marketing of agricultural produce Poor road networks to markets Limited food storage and capacity.

3.9.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years Over the next 10years, it is anticipated that population growth in the Urban wards will grow rapidly due to urbanization and changing economic activities of Kafue. The rate at which agricultural land is being converted to housing, industry and commercial development will cause pressure on the limited services provided by the government unless new investments are made particularly in roads, water, energy, education and health. The proximity of Kafue district makes it an attractive destination for housing, industrial and commercial developments and therefore the continued trends in these investment options will create land scarcity particularly for social services and agriculture.

3.9.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns

3.9.5.1 Production Trends The district has continued experiencing low production levels due to continued and frequent droughts caused by climate change and pest attacks to crops. Figure 26 shows the maize production trend over the last 4years. Figure 26: Production Trends Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Kafue District 2019 Since 2015, the land cultivated for maize has been declining due to recurrent crop failures caused by climate change and damage to crops by pests. Climate change is the major cause of the reduction in proportion of land used for maize production. Maize production has been declining and 2018 saw a decline by more than half of what was grown in 2015. All the farming households were affected and this resulted in district food insecurity. The total rainfall received during the production period was 364.6mm cumulatively in 30 rain days since the onset of the season which was far below the expected minimum of 800mm for the Region II Agro ecological zone. An estimated 8, 355 ha accounting for 66% out of the 12, 700ha of the crops was damaged due to drought In the 2018/2019 farming season. The main factors for the dry spell are related to the changing climate. The worst hit by climate change was Chiyaba ward and the other wards in Lower Zambezi. In terms of agricultural production, the district performance was below the provincial average largely due to poor rainfall and heavy dependence on rain. Less than 10% of the arable land is Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 62 under irrigation. The effects of climate change had an adverse effect on crops and livestock.

3.9.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis Poor agricultural practices adopted by many small scale farmers have resulted in the loss of vital soil nutrients needed for farmers to produce crops without use of chemical and artificial fertilisers. The result of overuse of chemicals is that the land is degraded and cannot support productive agriculture even with abundant rains unless fertilisers are added. Economic challenges prevent many households from accessing these chemicals.

3.9.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups

3.9.8 Summary It can be said that most of rural Kafue is in relative poverty, most of the people lack the minimum amount of income in order to maintain the average standard of living in the their society. This wasn’t the case some years back, agriculture has been the way of life for people in rural Kafue and through that they used to earn a good income for upkeep. With global warming affecting the district, most of the people have no other means of earning an income and that has greatly affected their lives. Other factors that have led to poverty are lack of education, poor infrastructure, unemployment among others. Urban areas are mixed, others are doing fine because they own big businesses or have high paying jobs. Those with manual jobs (cheap labour) are in relative poverty.

3.9.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified The issues arise are a result of a number of factors that include A lack of access to agricultural information Lack of industries for value additions to agricultural produce Lack of skill training for small and medium scale farmers in the District. Lack of support for Non-Maize Production

3.10 Economic Sector –Trade and Commerce

3.10.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level One of the key Government policies to be implemented at the local level is that of local economy development. In ensuring this is achieved at district level, in 2016, Kafue was declared as an iron and Steel Zone with the view of putting it back on trajectory that will make it an investment destination. This declaration is supported by the existence of a Multi Facility Economic Zone among others. The existing industries have not been running at full capacity and from the current economy it cannot be predicted whether there will be an increase in production or new business and consequent expansion of the labour force.

3.10.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development

3.10.2.1 Business Enabling Environment Kafue District has a number of financial institutions that can provide finance to local businesses and individuals. Most of these are located in the urban area in Kafue ward. Access to capital is one of the most important business enablers second to a conducive regulatory and policy framework. Human capital, land and technology are the other factors. The district has sufficient developable land mostly in the hands of Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 63 traditional leaders and are constantly making it available to developers. The major businesses in Kafue District include the steel plan, NCZ, retail shops, Kafue Sugar, lodges mostly in the Lower Zambezi and Lusaka South, Quarrying (sand mostly) in Chisankane, Shimabala, Malundu, Lukolongo and Chifwema Wards.

3.10.2.2 Local Economy Small scale farming mainly the growing of crops and rearing of small livestock is the predominant economic activity in Kafue. The main cash crops grown in the area are maize, soya beans and groundnuts including vegetable growing along the Zambezi and Kafue Rivers and other streams. Some fishing activities are also carried out in the Kafue and Zambezi Rivers. In terms of trade and industry, Kafue District is second to Lusaka City at provincial level and more trade taking place between Lusaka City and Kafue. This can be at- tributed to the high population and rapid urbanisation taking place in Kafue. Kafue Town is an emerging town and the only district in the country that is manufacturing processing steel. As an emerging district with a diversified and growing economy, the district has high potential in Steel manufacturing and value addition, housing, tourism, mining and agriculture. It has a large private sector in tourism, mining and housing as noted from the number of tourist sites in the Lower Zambezi and mining activities in Chifwema, Chisankane, Shabusale, Malundu, and Lukolongo wards. The main economic activity of Kafue District is Agriculture, both commercial and small scale farming accounting for 80% of all economic activities. Second to agriculture is service industry (mostly retail), tourism, mining (quarrying), manufacturing and in- formal businesses in the form of trading. Iron and steel production is set to be the one of the driver of the local economy followed by sugar plantation and renewable energy. In the previous years, the Nitrogen Chemicals of Zambia (NCZ), the only manufacturer of fertilisers was the main driver of the economy and employed hun- dreds of local people while spurring the development and growth of residential and service industry around it. Since the privatisation and collapse of the NCZ, only a few industries have emerged. Kafue District houses Kafue Steel and Iron Company. The company has being dis- trict is projected to become the biggest exporter of steel in Zambia by 2030 and a leader in the region. Zambia is rapidly urbanising and will need huge quantities of steel to densify its buildings and steel is the answer. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 64 Figure 27 Summary of economic Contribution by employment Source: Kafue IDP 2020 - 2030 The economic state of Kafue District is mainly compared to Lusaka City. Kafue does not function in isolation from Lusaka City and now, more than ever, it is crucial to have reliable information on its economy for effective planning. Spatially, Kafue makes an excellent alternative for the Capital City of Zambia due to its location.

3.10.3 Issues Arising From the Public Participation Process The following came out of the Public participation process Lack of industries Lack of value additional to the few product currently being manufactured in the district Lack of opportunities for youths to engage in small and medium manufacturing businesses.

3.10.4 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years The economy of Kafue is projected to grow at an average annual rate of 2.15% from 2020 to 2030 due to planned investments in establishment of a second economic Zone in the District. This is additional to the planned agriculture, mining and manu- facturing projects and tourism in the Lower Zambezi that are being supported by the massive road infrastructure projects by the government. The various sectors which make up the economy have the potential to create work opportunities and to con- tribute to the overall economic growth of the district and the country.

3.10.5 The Impact of the Continuation Of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The major barriers to business in the district include lack of access to affordable finance and capital, poor road and transport infrastructure in the rural wards, limited access to energy, trained workforce and lack of access to secure tenure. In the Lower Zambezi, human wildlife conflict is a huge factor that needs urgent redress. In terms of access to financial services and products, these are only available in 3 out of the 16 wards (Kafue, Matanda and Kasenje) and the rest of the district relies Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 65 mostly on mobile money services provided through Zamtel, Airtel and MTN. For example, residents of Chiawa, Kambale, Chisakila and Chitende depend on financial institutions based in Chirundu and those in Chisankane and Chifwema rely on Lusaka to access financial products such as loans and to make deposits of large sums of money. Chirundu town is 31km away from Chiawa and a further 55km to the furthest ward. People have to travel over 30km just to access banks. This means money generated in the Lower Zambezi (from those working in the lodges, farms, sell of farm produce and other businesses) does not circulate in the Lower Zambezi but ends up being spent in Chirundu. Therefore, there is need for financial institutions (Banks) in the area to give the people the opportunity to make savings which they can later invest and consequently boost the local economy.

3.10.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis One of the key elements of the growth of the local economy is the setting up is industries. Industrialisation has the potential to help achieve a variety of social objectives such as employment, poverty eradication, gender equality, labour standards, and greater access to education and healthcare. At the same time, industrial processes can have negative environmental impacts, causing climate change, loss of natural resources, air and water pollution and extinction of species. These threaten the global environment as well as economic and social welfare.3.10.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups The lack of industries in the District to drive the local economy has negatively affected the women and youths as the majority of them have to seek for employment opportunities outside the District, which increases they cost of Living. The prevent them from investing in other activities as most of the income earned is largely consumed. The women and youth trend to force themselves into prostitution and other negative vises to just ensure food can be placed on the table.

3.9 Trade and Commerce In terms of trade and industry, Kafue District is second to Lusaka City at provincial level and more trade taking place between Lusaka City and Kafue. This can be at- tributed to the high population and rapid urbanisation taking place in Kafue. Kafue Town is an emerging town and the only district in the country that is processing steel. As an emerging district with a diversified and growing economy, the district has high potential in Steel manufacturing and value addition, housing, tourism, min- ing and agriculture. It has a large private sector in tourism, mining and housing as noted from the number of tourist sites in the Lower Zambezi and mining activities in Chifwema, Chisankane, Shabusale, Malundu, and Lukolongo wards. The main eco- nomic activity of Kafue District is Agriculture, both commercial and small scale farm- ing accounting for 80% of all economic activities. Second to agriculture is service in- dustry (mostly retail), tourism, mining (quarrying), manufacturing and informal busi- nesses in the form of trading. Iron and steel production is set to be the biggest driv- er of the local economy followed by sugar plantation and renewable energy. In the previous years, the Nitrogen Chemicals of Zambia (NCZ), the only manufacturer of fertilisers was the main driver of the economy and employed hundreds of local peo- ple while spurring the development and growth of residential and service industry around it. Since the privatisation and collapse of the NCZ, only a few industries have emerged. Kafue District has a high potential for Iron mining and steel manufacturing due and this is why it was declared by the Republican President as a Steel Zone for Zambia. The district is projected to become the biggest exporter of steel in Zambia by 2030 and a leader in the region. Zambia is rapidly urbanising and will need huge quanti- Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 66 ties of steel to densify its buildings and steel is the answer. The economic state of Kafue District is mainly compared to Lusaka City. Kafue does not function in isolation from Lusaka City and now, more than ever, it is crucial to have reliable information on its economy for effective planning. Spatially, Kafue makes an excellent alternative for the Capital City of Zambia due to its location.

3.11 Housing Development And Land Use Sector

3.11.1 Key Government Priorities Being And To Be Implemented At A Local Level There are a number of critical policies that government is implementing regarding Housing matter in the nation at the policies include: National Housing Policy 2020- 2024: A policy to guide the development of adequate affordable housing for all income groups in the country. It provides for making serviced land available for housing development and streamlining the land allocation system; streamlining building standards; encouraging the production and use of local and affordable building materials; helping the poor acquire decent shelter; fostering functional, healthy, aesthetically pleasant, and environmentally friendly; and preparing a national housing implementation strategy. The issue of land for housing development is a critical issue that requires the state, traditional leaders, private sector and the local authority to partner for housing. Effective demand for housing must be established. Land for housing should be considered for current and future populations. At district level , the local authority is working in partnership with various stakeholder in ensuring land for Housing development is made available. Urban and Regional Planning Act of 2015: This Act provides for development, planning and administration principles, standards and requirements for urban and regional planning processes and systems, a framework for administering and managing urban and regional planning, guidelines, systems and processes for urban and regional planning, establishes a democratic, accountable, transparent, participatory and inclusive process for urban and regional planning. It also ensures functional efficiency and socioeconomic integration by providing for integration of activities, uses and facilities, establishes procedures for preparation, adoption and approval of IDPs. The Urban and Regional Planning Act of 2015 repealed the Town and Country Planning Act, 1962, and the Housing (Statutory and Improvement Areas) Act, 1975. Formulation of IDPs is established under this Act. The Act also provides for planning agreements that could be utilized in the development of customary land. This is the principal act guiding the preparation of the IDP at The district level. 3.11.2Description Of The Existing State Of Development The current number of houses in Kafue District is estimated at around 52, 361 and the occupancy rates are at 90% (Census 2010). This is suggestive of excess housing in the district. However the available housing is either in a poor state of repair, lacks modern fittings and fixtures has low space to accommodate a family of more than 6 people, the average size of households in the district. Most of the housing stock is in the urban wards in Kafue Central. In recent years, housing developments have taken place in Chisankane ward (Chalala area) mostly developed as private homes for the people working around Lusaka City. Rural housing is generally constructed of mud bricks and grassed thatched and can be described as poor. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 67

3.11.2 Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process A number of issues came out from the public consultative process regarding housing: Most of the housing development doesn’t have access to services. The majority of the people are living in informal settlement with poor housing quality. Lack of access to financial services for housing development; continued growth of informal settlements and lack of support services or infrastructures for housing development projects.

3.11.3 Impact of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years Housing not only provides physical shelter but also has significant impact on the lives of the dwellers in terms of skills enhancement, income generation, increased security, health, self-confidence and human dignity. Housing finance development, therefore, plays a role in boosting equitable economic growth and reducing poverty through helping households build assets, improving living conditions, empowering the middle- and lower-income population, and strengthening communities. Despite its considerable economic and social potential, housing finance remains underdeveloped in the district Due to limited access to finance for proper Housing the informal sector in this sector continues to grow and provide sub-standard housing units. The District has continued to see improvement in terms of demand for Housing , however the Growth is faster the part of Kafue that is close to Lusaka this is because access to Support infrastructure is ,must easy in Lusaka South of Kafue District.

3.11.4 Population Change – Future Demand for Services and Facilities Demands for residential property within the district continue to be high especially demand for medium cost to low cost residential housing. This is because of the fast growing population due to high birth rate as well as in-migration as a result of closeness to Lusaka District. Further, the district will continue experiencing land conversions to meet the growing demand for modern affordable housing, industries and commercial farms. Currently, a number of the population of Kafue district lives in unplanned settlements. This situation is likely to get worse if land is not made available for the development of housing units for low to medium income earners in the District.

3.11.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The proximity of Kafue district makes it an attractive destination for housing, industrial and commercial developments and therefore it’s anticipated that the continued trends in these investment options will create land scarcity particularly for social services and agriculture. The demand for Housing as a result of population Growth of Lusaka District as potential to create a demand for services in Kafue District which has potential to increase economic activities yet impact negatively on Land uses in the District. This may result in a loss of land for agricultural development; this is already evident in Chisankane ward. Chisankane ward was largely an agricultural ward yet in the last five years land use changes have resulted in the loss of agricultural land.

3.11.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis The fastest growing urban centres has resulted in increased demand for housing and residential land in the district which in turn has led to the expansion of housing Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 68 towards ecologically sensitive areas especially in urban wards. Due to the above pressure for land , it is evidently clear that housing development has been the major contributor to land degradation and deforestation resulting in local climate change in Kafue District. One of the critical impacts as a result of Environmental and climate issues on the sector is that of restricted expansion of housing developments to certain areas in the District. Wards like Mungu, Magoba can’t scale up on Housing development due to Climate change issues. The other element is that of flooding in both planned and unplanned settlements. Shabausale, Matanda , kasenje and kafue Ward are some of the ward that consistently experience flooding in the Rain season.

3.11.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups The population of Women and other vulnerable groups is high in villages and unplanned settlements in areas such as Soloboni, Zambia Compound and Lukolongo wards. These wards are experiencing rapid urbanization. Due to their unplanned nature, Housing development in these areas lack basic services such clean water, sanitation facilities and durable housing. This state of affairs has made Women and other vulnerable group like the disabled to spend more hours on simple House chores. Further, Access to water among women in the rural wards is a huge challenge as women and girls have to cover long distances of over 800m against a 500m that is generally accepted to fetch water for drinking and domestic use. It was observed that that two-thirds of the rural women relied on boreholes and piped water (urban and rural wards) and about a third, mainly those living along the Kafue and Zambezi Rivers rely on water collected directly from the rivers. The average collection time for women and girls is approximately 55 minutes per household per day due to terrain. The case is slightly different in Chisankane and Chifwema wards which are rapidly urbanizing and housing new residential areas. In these two later wards, water is largely accessed within the household land through a borehole connected to the home.

3.11.8 Summary There are a number of factors contributing to the housing challenge in the district. In the recent past the district has experienced massive unplanned Housing Development and zoning of the land uses rising of unsystematic conversion of land in rural wards. This has made it difficult to provide support infrastructure to such developments. The other eminent challenge is that the rate at which agricultural land is being converted to housing, industry and commercial development will cause pressure on the limited services provided by the government unless new investments are made particularly in roads, water, energy, education and health as support infrastructure to Housing developments.

3.12 Information and Communication, Technology (ICT)

3.12.1 Key Government Priorities Being and To Be Implemented At A Local Level Communication connectivity is critical in helping the district respond to the opportunities created by modern communication facilities. Currently the government is implementing the smart Zambia project, an initiative aimed at ensuring a paperless government and all districts must have the capabilities to go paperless.

3.12.2 Description Of The Existing State Of Development According to CSO (2018), an estimated 53.5% of all the individuals across the country were active users of mobile cellular telephones. They further stated that the proportion of individuals that were active users of mobile telephone services, Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 69 constituting 83.4% and that these owned mobile devices that were subscribed to at least one local mobile cellular network. The proportion of individuals that owned a smartphone as a share of all the people that had owned a mobile phone that was subscribed to a local network increased from 13.5 percent to 29.6 percent between 2015 and 2018. The most prominent complaints cited by individuals that indicated that they used mobile cellular phone services was poor clarity of voice calls as well as intermittent network availability or network outages. In 2018, share of the internet users for Zambia was 14.3 %. Share of the internet users of Zambia increased from 1 % in 2003 to 14.3 % in 2018 growing at an average annual rate of 25.28%. At the national level, access to internet services among households increased from 12.7 percent reported in 2015 to 17.7 percent in 2018 (CSO, 2018). Lusaka has the highest proportion of people with access active to internet at 38.3%. The majority of people access the internet through a mobile phone. Only a paltry 2.7% has access to internet through fixed internet services. At the national level, main challenges cited by households in service provision was related to internet speeds offered by service providers. Other reasons for low household access included lack of skills, the cost of devices and cost of the service offers on the market. In Kafue District, the trends are similar to the access levels at national level. The main challenges to internet penetration in the district especially the rural wards (12) is the lack of telecommunication masts in most parts and intermittent network. In the lower Zambezi and west of the district, literacy levels and lack of skills to operate devices was a major challenge especially among women. The survey also revealed that the cost of purchasing smart phones and cost of services (bundles) was high for the majority who are grappling to meet the basic needs. The highest proportion of the population with access to internet in the district are in Chisankane, Kafue, Matanda, Shabusale, Shimabala and Malundu wards. The wards with the least access are Chiyaba, Chisakila, Chitende, Magoba, Mungu, Kambale, Lukolongo and parts of Chifwema and Chisankane. It must also be noted that these wards also have low literacy levels and a high population of people above 40.

3.12.2 Issues Arising From The Public Participation Process From the public participation community members from rural areas and wards on the fringe of Lusaka city like chisankane identified a lack of communication towers and a general challenge in access to technology and community services and platforms. Such a situation has results in the low communities lagging behind.

3.12.3 Impact Of Changes Anticipated Over The Next Ten Years The lack of Technology, communication and access to internet is going to affect communities in the district negatively. There is also need to provide more opportunities in e-related sectors to them in higher managerial, technical positions in government and non-government agencies, research, educational institutions in private and public sectors, without confining their role to only call centres, telecentres, data-entry level and lower levels in the organizations. ICT has to address to all these problems of women as a whole and has to be used to facilitate to build a women empowered society. Communication towers and other critical infrastructure will need to be set up in the district to ensure this need to meant.

3.12.4 Population Change – Future Demand for Services and Facilities With a growing Kafue youth population the need for advanced and well established communication and technology systems is vital for the District. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution has not only opened up new Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 70 opportunities for economic growth and social development but has also posed problems and challenges. It can shape and enhance wide range of developmental applications in agriculture, industry and social sectors and is influencing all sections of the society. ICT provides unique opportunities for human development. At the same time, ICT has been widening the gaps between and within countries, regions, gender while increasing disparities divide between the rural-urban, rich-poor, elite neglected and also within the different categories of women in various spheres of activity. It is necessary to build up women capacities to involve them in productive activities, institutional building, family and social transformation, decision-making process, political representation, trade and commerce, entrepreneurial development and social leadership. There is a need to enhance opportunities to women to enable them to own, manage and control industries and service enterprises including IT- based units.

3.12.5 The Impact of the Continuation of Existing Trends on Land Use and Population Distribution Patterns The majority of citizens in the district will need technology for them to develop their marketable skills, enhance their economic opportunities, participate in informed decision-making, network, and promote themselves as individuals or simply to be able to fully integrate in this global economy. Globally trends are changing with regards to communication and technology in the next ten years it is anticipated that this need will be more. When there is an enabling environment, ICT can provide diverse avenues for local people in Kafue to social, political and economic empowerment enhancing platforms. The community does anticipate that their economic livelihoods can be uplifted through expanding access to local and international markets for women producers and traders, and through increased access to jobs, education and training, and entrepreneurial opportunities. Women have taken advantage of the increased flexibility in employment conditions to combine roles in the care economy with professional roles. In the next ten years Communication and techno will play and increased role for local communities to access to health, nutrition, education and other human development opportunities, such as political participation, through ICT-mediated delivery channels. Women have also made extensive use of ICT services to mobilize for women’s empowerment and societal well-being.

3.12.6 Environment and Climate Change Analysis One of the critical challenges of advanced ITC is the disposal of waste materials; of the materials used in the set up are non-biogradeable which implies a negative effect on the environment. Direct Negative environmental effects stem from the production, use and disposal of hardware that comes with ICTs. They are not radically different from the environment effects of many other products, but pose a challenges like toxic emissions, into the environment. On the positive side ICT facilitates for value addition in the economy making products more marketable and saleable, hence helping to improve economies.

3.12.7 Issues Arising Relating to Gender Groups and Vulnerable Groups Women are clearly missing out on the digital revolution a most of the wards: from all the visited wards it was noticed that an average of an estimated 60 per cent of formal employment across sectors will require technological skills, hence women´s lack of ICT literacy is likely to lead to a reinforcement of gender inequalities.

3.12.8 Summary In Kafue District, the trends are similar to the access levels at national level. The main challenges to internet penetration in the district especially the rural wards (14) Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 71 is the lack of telecommunication masts in most parts and intermittent network. In the lower Zambezi and west of the district, literacy levels and lack of skills to operate devices was a major challenge especially among women. The survey also revealed that the cost of purchasing smart phones and cost of services (bundles) was high for the majority who are grappling to meet the basic needs. The highest proportion of the population with access to internet in the district is in Chisankane, Kafue, Matanda, Shabusale, Shimabala and Malundu wards. The wards with the least access are Chiyaba, Chisakila, Chitende, Magoba, Mungu, Kambale, Lukolongo and parts of Chifwema and Chisankane. It must also be noted that these wards also have low literacy levels and a high population of people above 40.

3.12.9 Consideration Of The Underlying Factors Contributing To The Issues Identified In Kafue, the main challenges were experienced in Chisankane, Lukolongo, Mugoba, Chiyaba, Chitende, Chisakila and Kambale Wards. Network is unavailable in most of the parts of the wards and where there is network, clarity of voice calls was poor and network intermittent.

3.13 Analysis of Other community services (Security, Recreational spaces , cemetery and social protection

3.13.1 Security The district has a police station and Six (6) police posts. The service in of terms of security infrastructure is insufficient across the district. This has contributed to an increase in crime particularly theft, GBV, nuisances and other minor offences in rural wards. The wards are far apart and majority is rural with poor road infrastructure and some with poor mobile phone connectivity and unplanned housing developments. While aggravated crimes remain low, there has been an upward trend in the number of murders and aggravated robbery in Chisankane, Chifwema, Chiyaba and all the urban wards.

3.13.2 Recreation and Open Spaces Recreation and open spaces are very important to health and development of the community. kafue district does not have any public community open spaces. However, there are a number of private recreation facilities, which are currently in a poor state. The critical shortage of recreation infrastructure and spaces in the district has negatively affected youth and sport development. Kafue and Kasenje wards previously had recreation facilities in Kafue estates but are no longer functional because they are in a poor state. The only available recreation spaces were at primary and secondary schools. Strikingly, the rapidly developing areas in Lusaka South like (Chalala) in Chisankane ward which is a new developing residential and mixed use equally lacks public open spaces. One of the challenges related to the lack of open spaces is that Lusaka South was an area zoned for small holdings on leasehold that has undergone change of use and the developers want to maximise their returns from the sale of land. Such dynamics in relation to Land markets has negatively affected the level of socialization in our communities. Socialization is important because it promotes the sharing of culture, values, beliefs, norms and ideas. This is done through tournaments (football, netball and other sports). Cycling is also one of the common sports in the area and such should be promoted. There is need for a proper stadium to be set up for these tournaments to be held. Play parks for kids should also be set up, they can learn a lot as they play as well and interact with their parents which is Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 72 one of the ways to build good relations in families. There is also need for construction of community halls which could be used for various purposes such as weddings, community meetings and other uses. Most wards do not have proper recreational spaces, especially the rural wards. The Urban wards have some structures like football pitches, community halls and other various recreational activities and spaces. The rural wards are lacking such structures; as a result most of the youths engage themselves in drug and alcohol abuse. Girls end up joining prostitution because there is nothing to keep them busy if they are not employed. Wards like Chisankane and Chitende want a community hall constructed which can be used for various recreational activities and money making activities like weddings. Other wards call for the construction of stadium to promote various sports. Figure 28: Other Community Facilities Source: IDP Kafue, 2019.

3.13.3 Social Protection According to the 2010 Living conditions monitoring survey, the poverty level for Lusaka province stood at 24.4%. Kafue district is predominantly rural with six wards out of sixteen wards being more vulnerable to climate change hazards such as drought and floods. Social protections services under the department of social welfare and community development were available only in Chiyaba, Chitende, Chikupi and Chisakila wards. The major challenge with social protections services is the inadequate financial support from the central government. The number of vulnerable households has been increasing and comprises people with limited access to essential basic needs and services that are necessary for Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 73 human survival (health, education, water and sanitation as well as food). This has been partly because of climate change hazards such as droughts and floods that make agricultural production and productivity low. This is evident in areas like Magoba, Chiawa, Kambale, Chitende and Chisakila wards where people mostly rely on relief food. Female-headed households, child-headed households, persons with disabilities, orphaned children, the chronically ill and elderly people are the worst affected. Kafue District is committed to reducing poverty by focusing on the following key result areas: a)Enhancing welfare and livelihoods of the poor and vulnerable (through integrated social protection, social cash plus programs, youth and women empowerment, and educational support); b) Climate change adaption, disaster risk reduction and mitigation (through commu- nity based disaster risk reduction and preparedness); c)Reduced vulnerability associated with HIV/AIDS prevalence (through the reduction of HIV incidence, and the promotion of the well-being of PLHIV)

3.13.3 Cemetery There are currently one (1) burial sites, namely Jobnasa in Kafue urban, in Kasenje ward. In rural areas, residents bury their dead in un-gazetted burial places. The current burial sites are reaching their full capacity and the land around these facilities has either been converted to private use or encroached on. Much of the land that could be used for burial purposes is not in close proximity to the urban area and this has the implication of increasing the cost of burying as distances increase from the Central Business area of Kafue.

3.14 Consideration of the Underlying Factors Contributing To the Issues Identified – Other Community Social Services)

3.14.1 Population growth The rate of population growth in Kafue has increased over the last two (2) decades more particularly in the urban wards of Matanda, Kafue and Malundu and Shabusale. Wards such as Chisankane and Chifwema also among the wards with fastest growing populations due to their proximity to Lusaka City. Chisankane has developed in the last ten (10) years as a residential and commercial area with diverse housing styles and sizes, education facilities and commercial developments such as Malls, Guest houses and shops. This has led to an increase in the need for recreational spaces and social protection services for the wards in the urban as well as rural part of the District . The rate of urbanisation in Kafue is contributing to scarcity Social community services as the growth has not been matched with infrastructure development and service provision.

3.14.2 Climate change and impact on the environment The effects of climate change have negatively contributed to migration from the rural wards to urban wards mostly in search of food and water for drinking and animals. Climate change has also contributed to urbanisation relating to sale of land by rural populations that cannot afford the cost of continuing agricultural production due to scarcity of rains that make it difficult for farmers to grow enough food for them to consume and sale at a profit. The most notable change of climate change is on the livelihoods of populations that depend entirely on land for survival in the rural wards Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 74 of the district.

3.14.3 Land degradation and pollution Quarrying is another factor that is contributing to land degradation in the urban wards and wards close to Lusaka. The massive demand for stones and sand in Lusaka City for construction purposes is supporting the growth of quarrying, open pit mining as an economic activity. The wards with the most quarries are Chifwema, Chisankane, Malundu and Shimabala. The dust from the mining has damaged vegetation and polluted the air around these locations making them less attractive for housing developments and agriculture despite their proximity to good roads, soils and water sources.

3.14.4 Spatial distribution of Basic Services Currently, the distribution of basic services remains uneven across most of the wards with urban wards having access to more services such as healthcare, education, water, energy, financial and mobile communication while rural wards remain underserviced despite the high populations. The spatial distribution has a historical trend where services in Kafue followed road development and health centres but as populations migrated to other parts of the wards or district owing to factors such as land degradation and climate change, services did not expand.

3.14.5 Service Quality and Diversification The level of diversification in services offered in Kafue is limited and highly linked to the geographic location of the population. There is little to options of what services or quality of services once can access in the rural wards of the district notwithstanding the erratic supply of the same services. The central and urban wards have some diversification in services particularly financial services, healthcare and education including telecommunications but the rural wards depend entirely on mobile money and mobile communication via voice calls and text with intermittent to No access to internet.

3.14.6 Cultural and Social Practices The changes in cultural and social practices brought about by education, technology, human rights and new laws and policies has an effect on development and the status of people. More notable is the realisation of children’s right to education, girl education and changing roles of men and women in community life. Previously, roles assumed to be predominantly for women or men are now taken up by both men and women the occupation of these roles is no longer based on masculinity but education, ability and in some cases legal requirements. The changing social and cultural trends are more noticeable in the rural wards because of homogenous populations and family ties.

3.15 Summary – Core Problems This section presents the core problems identified in Kafue district by weight. The core problems have been presented according to the feedback provided during the public participation process and analysed statistically in a descending order. 1. Household Poverty 2. Human animal conflict (All wards in lower Zambezi) 3. Poor road infrastructure (between and within wards) 4. Access to affordable and renewable energy Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 75 5. Unemployment (especially among youth) 6. Lack of access to capital for businesses 7. Land disputes 8. Early marriages 9. Poor access to health services 10.Limited education opportunities beyond primary school 11.Skills Training 12.Recreation facilities 13.Deforestation 14.Persistent Crop Failures 15.Access to clean and safe water 16.Lack of access to capital for business and empowerment 17.Limited decent and affordable housing for teaching, health and security staff 18.Lack of available land for Development 19.No support for agriculture beyond maize production 20.lack of value addition Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 76 Figure 5: Issues from Wards Consultations Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 77 PART FOUR: KAFUE DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

4.0 Introduction A spatial development framework (SDF) aims to provide a spatial representation of the area under an IDP. It shows the vision, goals and objectives and the programmes to be implemented. An SDF integrates all aspects of spatial (physical) planning (such as land use planning; planning of pedestrian, vehicular and other movement patterns; planning regarding the location of buildings and built-up areas; planning of open space systems; and planning of roads and other service infrastructure) and guides all decision-making processes regarding spatial (physical) development.

4.1 Development Framework The development framework will set out the development objectives, priorities and strategies of the district. These are drawn from the following pertinent elements that provide a summative approach to the identified problems of the district; a)Addressing Environmental, social and economic aspects of development b) Ensuring the Protection of sensitive ecological zones, areas of environmental sensitivity or cultural and historical importance or areas of importance for disaster management purposes; c)Ensuring national and regional interests, policies and guidelines are clear tabulated in the Development Framework. d) Ensuring the Proposals to the development and use of land in neighbouring areas are in line with provided for regulations e) Projecting areas of future growth that could be under the jurisdiction of traditional authorities and proposed policies and proposals for those areas. f)Tabulating clearly areas where planning agreements can be done -under customary tenure. In order to address and overcome challenges observed from the District as presented in the thematic analysis and summary of planning issues. The IDP will be guided by the following desired results that have been identified through the community and public consultative process and which are supported by objectives and priorities presented in the Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 78 Spatial Development Framework (SDF). The SDF that will form the building blocks for the implementation of the strategy. The core focus of the Kafue IDP 2022 - 2032 is to develop a district that promotes: Productivity – Investment and infrastructure in Iron and Steel, tourism competitiveness and diversified businesses Connectivity – Diversified transport infrastructure, connected neighbourhoods and ICT Local Economy – Agricultural productivity, adequate affordable housing, social protection and development, infrastructure investments and forward planning Compact Living - Education, health, skills training, recreation, research and development Ecology – Environment, recycling, renewable energy and industry

4.1.1 Role of the Development Framework The role and purpose of the SDF is therefore to support and create an enabling framework where these objectives can be achieved, while at the same time ensuring that proposals made are in line with relevant policies and legislation. In effect, the SDF will guide all decisions of the local authority that involve the current or future use and development of land, including infrastructure and buildings. These decisions include: a) Land use management decisions on applications for changes in land use, such as rezoning or subdivision applications; b)Decisions on where and how public funds (from locally generated revenue, equalization fund and other government agencies) are invested. c) Guiding developers and investors towards appropriate nature form and scale of development at any particular location within the district.

4.2 Vision AN INCLUSIVE, INDUSTRIALIZED, AND DIVERSIFIED GREEN ECONOMY OFFERING AN IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE BY 2032

4.3 Development Policies The following development policies will guide the preparation of the development framework for Kafue District for the pe- riod 2022– 2030: a)Design Resilient Public Infrastructure for service provision; Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 79 b) Promotion of sustainable use practices; c) Scale Up smart and integrated agricultural practices; d) Develop and strengthen access renewable energy solutions e) Strengthen social protection and creation of social assets f)Diversification of the economy through tourism promotion

4.4 Development Objectives, Priorities and Strategies The main development goal of the Kafue IDP 2022 – 2032 is to: To reduce poverty and vulnerability through value addition supported by equitable distribution of services, tourism and infrastructure development while ensuring environmental sustainability. In order to realise the overall goal of the IDP, the following development objectives have been set: IDP Development Objective By 2032 Government policy direction & Vision 2030 1) Promote manufacturing and employment Economic transformation and job creation creation 2) Enhance agricultural productivity in the district by 2030 3) Improve transportation Infrastructure Human and social development 4) Promote investments in Tourism Environmental sustainability 5) Promote investments in alternative sources of energy 6) Enhance human development through Health and Human and social development education 7) Promote Civic participation and social development Good governance and environment Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 80

4.4.1 Developmental Priorities 1)Upgrading/Building of schools, health centers and police posts 2)Employment creation 3)Recruitment of teachers and health personnel 4)Upgrading and construction of Road Transport infrastructure 5)Upgrading/Building of Skills training centers and recreation facilities 6)Promotion of Irrigated and fenced agriculture 7)Improving water and energy sources 8)Construction of housing units 9)Enhancing Access to capital for Youth and women empowerment 10)Expanding Network service for Sewer 11)Upgrading/building free market

4.4.2 Development Strategies The IDP has seven (7) development objectives as follows:

4.4.2.1 Promote manufacturing and employment creation 1)The LA in partnership with ZDA will ensure development of three (3) Value Chains in the Manufacturing Sector by 2025 2)The LA will ensure that basic network infrastructure within the Value addition wards is provided by 2025 3)Promotional campaigns on resource endowments 4)The LA in a PPP with ZDA develop a Industrial Yards for SMEs to undertake Value addition ventures 5)LA Develop Fast Track Industrial Development Checklist to support Industrial clustering and environmental and Planning standards

4.4.2.2 Enhance agricultural productivity in the district by 2032 1)MOA will develop the capacity of 10,000 farmers in climate smart crop production practices by 2025 2)MOA will enhance crop early warning management systems for farmers by 2025 3)MOA in collaboration MCTI will promotion crop value chain market linkages in key high value crops 4)MOA will develop the capacity of 8,000 small livestock farmers in climate smart livestock production practices by 2025 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 81 5)MOLF will enhance livestock early warning management system to prevent livestock disease outbreaks by 2025 6)MOA in collaboration MCTI will promotion livestock value chain market linkages for local and domestic markets by 2025 7)MOA to ensure that livestock support infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the next 5years 8)MOA will develop the capacity of fish farmers in climate smart aquaculture production practices by 2025 9)MOA in collaboration MCTI will promotion aquaculture value chain market linkages for local and domestic markets by 2025 10)MOA in collaboration MCTI will promotion livestock value chain market linkages for local and domestic markets by 2025 11)MOA to ensure that aquaculture support infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the next 5years 12)The LA in collaboration with Forestry department to promote fruit tree planting as a business by 2024 13)The LA and forestry department will ensure the district has community forests to mitigate against effects of climate change in support of agriculture and water conservation

4.4.2.3 Improve transportation Infrastructure 1)To provide an efficient transport system through improvements of the existing networks and opening up of new routes within the District. 2)Mobilize resources for road infrastructure development 3)Increase the capacity of stakeholders to upgrade gravel roads to bituminous standards and carry out routine maintenance

4.4.2.4 Promote investments in Tourism 1)Develop strategic tourism infrastructure 2)The LA working with the ZTB will ensure Kafue has a tourism promotion plan by 2021 3)The LA to secure land in strategic locations of the district for tourism development and tourism value chains by 2025 4)The LA will promote the participation of local people in tourism marketing through campaigns and events 5)Wildlife restocking and protection of species 6)The LA to work with ZICTA to ensure connectivity in areas with poor network coverage by 2025 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 82

4.4.2.5 Promote investments in alternative sources of energy 1)Energy Production 2)Renewable Energy Resource Mapping Project 3)Embark on Forests Regeneration Project in four Wards

4.4.2.6 Enhance human development through Health and education 1)Constructions of Primary, secondary schools and staff Houses in the district 2)Maintenance ad refurbishment of school infrastructure 3)Education promotion Campaigns 4)Promote Private public partnerships in Water and sanitation coverage 5)Building of industrial bore holes 6)Community wide sanitation / CLTS 7)Safe water supply 8)Public Heath Inspections 9)Infrastructure development 10) Capacity building

4.4.2.7 Promote Civic participation and social development 1)The LA working with the District Administration office will enhance communication for development 2)LA will coordinate, develop and implement local economic development policies and plans 3)The LA will promote citizen participation in local development 4)The LA will enhance planning coordination with traditional authorities 5)The LA will partner with private sector to improve access to recreational spaces in all wards by 2030 6)The LA will ensure that urban form takes into account the needs of children and youths including persons living with disabilities 7)The LA will promote sports development and arts by 2030 in all the Wards

4.5 Development Scenarios The Kafue IDP will have 3 strategic drivers 1. A Productive and growing economy - Value addition is the Economy Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 83 2. Connectivity and Accessibility for Inclusive and Equitable Growth 3. Human and social development

4.5.1 Scenario 1: A productive and growing economy - value addition is the economy Kafue was set-up as a n industrial zone for the development of the Greater City from Lusaka from Historical point of view. This lead to the establishment of a number of industries in the District that is now dis-functional. This IDP envisions the building and rebuilding of existing industries with its associated value chains as a way of growth the local economy of Kafue and creating job opportunities within the District. In addition to this Based on the core issues raised during the public consultation, this development scenario has the aim of promoting the competitive and comparative advantage of Kafue district through the establishment of industries the use of concepts such as growth area, nodes, development corridors, containment and densification around the value addition regions of the district while promoting local economic development and trade between Kafue and the other districts in the province. Trade between Kafue and other districts within Lusaka and Zambia is critical to the viability of the manufacturing sector. Growth Areas (GA): The hierarchy of settlements is a critical consideration in the promotion of growth areas and the SDF has prioritised Chifwema, Kasenje, Shabusale, Lukolongo, Magoba and Chikupi as growth areas. Chifwema Urban Area: This is a fast growing region of the district with investments in cement production and related industries will be promoted to become an urban area for a population of Atleast 10,000 around the industrial area, including the Lusaka South MFEZ. Housing developments and commercial and social services such as education and health will be setup to support the manufacturing industries that will setup in the area. Kasenje/Shabusale: The two are considered urban wards although Shabusale has a large portion of undeveloped land used for agriculture. The current location for the Steel Plant in Kasenje will be re-zoned to promote the setup of related manufacturing industries and services that will support the existing steel plant to achieve economies of scale.. Shabusale is planned for value addition as a growth area for value addition to Sugarcane and investments are already under consideration by various entities including government through IDC. Lukolongo GA: The ward currently hosts the Mpande forest, an area that has rich deposits of iron will be partly degazetted to facilitate the extraction of iron ore for processing within the MFFEZ and Kasenje at the steel plan. As the ward already hosts the LMFEZ, growth of the area will be promoted to ensure that it can provide for a population of upto 10,000 people. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 84 Chikupi/Magoba GA: The wards will focus on promotion of mining and agriculture (Sugarcane). According to the suitability analysis conducted for the IDP, this is the most ideal area for the expansion of the district economic activities due to the less sparsely populations, no environmentally sensitive features and its proximity to the commercially viable sugarcane plantations of Mazabuka and the Nampundwe mine on the boundary with Shibuyunji District. Development Corridors (DC): Three (3) development corridors are proposed in Kafue East (Chifwema, Chisankane and Lukolongo) as a development corridor for mining related value chains, Lower Zambezi as a tourism and agriculture development corridor and linked to the Chifwema-Chiawa Road and Kafue west (Agriculture and Renewable Energy). Nodes (N): A total of six (6) wards have been proposed for the development of nodes due to their resource potentials and population trends. These are Chisankane, Malundu, Shimabala, Chiyaba, Chisakila, Mungu and Kambale. Containment and Densification: All the urban wards have been planned for containment to ensure that the land is rezoned to promote the highest and best use of land in support of the establishment of various industries. Redevelopment of the urban area will be undertaken on the brownfield to promote resilience and smart cities concepts as a way of further reducing the carbon footprint. Another area outside the urban wards that will be enhanced through densification are parts of Chisankane and Chifwema wards. The key drivers to the development scenario include: 1. Connected transport systems and infrastructure linking the growth areas to the nodes. Road infrastructure linking Kafue East to Lower Zambezi and Kafue South to Lusaka will be critical in promoting material flows and labour. There will be need to reduce travel time to Kafue from major international entry points and urban areas. 2.Increased food production to satisfy demand for food in the growing population attracted by the industries in the district. By 2030, the population of Kafue will have doubled and urban food systems will be critical. Another factor that will result in high demand for food is increased number of tourists visiting Kafue as a destination. 3. Technological advancements will be critical to driving change in the agricultural sector to mitigate against the effects of climate change. Agriculture will not only rely on information on climate but the ability to grow crops that are drought resistant and also highly resistant to attack from pests. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 85 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 86

4.5.2 Scenario 2: Social Development The development scenario aims to increase access to Basic Services such as education, health, environmental services and social protection. By using the concept of growth poles and nodes, the idea is to strengthen service delivery through equitable distribution of education and health infrastructure in each ward to ensure that distances covered by populations are significantly reduced. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 87

4.5.3 Scenario 3: Human Settlements This concept focuses on unlocking the potential of housing and its related services to drive economic development and growth. Under this scenario, attention will be given to supporting the private sector to venture into the provision of af- fordable housing around the growth areas of the district to support the provision of municipals services through networks and within planned development schemes. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 88

4.5.4 Selection of Scenarios The criteria for the selection of the best scenario is based on the following factors:- Environmental factors, potential to contribute to job creation, contribution to the local economy and national economy, demographic trends and social economic factors, political and technological factors. Scenario 1 was selected as the best alternative. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 89

4.6 Land Use Policies and Proposals The IDP recommends that all the Wards prepare Local Area Plans (LAPs) to prevent the growth of unplanned settlements, protection of environmental zones, development of areas under customary tenure, protection of regional and intersect resources in the dis- trict and to also manage the uncoordinated developments resulting from the frequent changes in land use, subdivisions and conversions from customary land to leasehold.

4.6.1 Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Development Land use planning policies and proposals to improve, maintain or protect the environmental, social and economic aspects of development In order to protect, maintain and improve the environmental, social and economic aspects of development, the district shall ensure that: 1)More and differentiated employment opportunities are created for young people; 2)Well planned human settlements closer to places of work; 3)Improve the quality public transport and safety of it; 4)Implement infill development for more compact development 5)Promote cycling and walking through dedicated cycle and walking trails 6)Promote the development of dedicated public transport routes and mass transits 7)Provide incentives to local businesses in densely populated areas for the to pro- vide services such as health, refuse collection and education 8)Public Private Partnerships for strategic Infrastructure Development and Housing 9) Promote investments in tourism and hospitality services 10) Roll out Optic Fibre network and other economic infrastructure 11) Provide skills training to youth and women and youth/women led businesses

4.6.2 Protection Zones, Environmental Sensitivity, Cultural and Historical Importance The following Land use planning policies and proposals shall be developed for protection zones, areas of environmental sensitivity or cultural and historical importance or areas of importance for disaster management purposes 1)Prohibition of development along the Kafue River and ecologically sensitive areas and more particularly housing and industry 2)Improve the regulation of conservation and restoration of protected areas 3)Promote Tree Planting in public spaces and open spaces 4)Develop a comprehensive programme to protect historical and cultural sites 5)Mapping of historical and cultural sites 6)Prohibition of expansion of housing developments towards rivers, watershed, his- torical sites and other environmentally sensitive areas Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 90

4.6.3 Protection of National and Regional Interests The following Land use planning policies and proposals shall be developed and implemented for the protection of national and regional interests: 1)Maintain the quality of the water in the Kafue River 2)Ensure that the T2 Road is well maintained to ensure access 3)Protection of the Kafue River watershed and surrounding areas to ensure

4.6.4 Informal Settlements The following Land use planning policies and proposals will apply to informal settlements. These policies will be implemented together with appropriate building and land use controls as provided for in the Urban and Regional Planning Act of 2015; 1)Provide wider and more accessible roads 2)Improve access to health and education infrastructure 3)Ensure access to safe and clean drinking water provided at block level 4)Improve the health and safety of community services 5)Promote access to decent employment opportunities within the settlements 6)Prohibit the expansion of housing towards ecologically sensitive areas 7)Restrict expansion of housing developments to current settlement boundaries 8)Promote the use of sustainable building materials 9)Ensure that building regulations for housing and other developments are developed and implemented

4.6.5 Areas Under Traditional Authorities The following Land use planning policies and proposals shall apply to areas under the jurisdiction of traditional authorities: 1)Planning agreements will be in place for the development of housing, commercial and industrial buildings 2)Provide incentives to local artisans and builders 3)Support traditional leaders to update their land use allocation maps 4)Encourage traditional authorities to prepare land use plans for their areas Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 91 PART FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 92 GOAL 1: PROMOTE MANUFACTURING AND EMPLOYMENT CREATION Objective To enhance value addition to local materials through processing and packaging by 2024 Strategies Programme Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 The LA in Develop value chain Kasenje, 1 Value KTC & MCTI partnership with in steel, iron and Lukolongo, Chain ZDA will ensure other related Mineral Chisankane development of elements production three (3) Value Develop value Chains Chifwema, 1 Value KTC & MCTI Chains in the in the cement Chisankane Chain Manufacturing production Sector by 2024 Develop value chain Shabusale, Chikupi 1 Value KTC & MCTI in sugar production Chain The LA will ensure Upgrading of 70km of Kasenje, 12km 12km 12km 12km 12km KTC & MIDH that basic network road network to Lukolongo, infrastructure bituminous standards Chisankane, within the Value Shabusale, Chikupi addition wards is provided by 2021 Install strategic water Kasenje, Service Service Plan Service Plan Service Plan Service Plan KTC, ZESCO and electricity Lukolongo, Plan being being being being & LWSC infrastructure in the Chisankane, Developed Implemented Implemented Implemented Implemented Industrial area Shabusale, Chikupi Promotional Use ZANIS to prepare All wards 9 Shows 6 shows 6 shows 6 shows 6 shows KTC & ZANIS campaigns on documentaries to air resource on the resource endowments endowments of the district Develop an incentives All wards 1 package Package Package Package Package KTC & ZDA package for local and developed being being being being foreign companies to implemented implemented implemented implemented invest in the District Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 93 Objective To develop industrial clusters for SMEs to venture into processing and packaging by 2024 Strategies Programme Location (By Target (Years) Responsib Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 le The LA in a PPP Sign a Planning Agreement Kasenje, 2 Planning 2 Planning KTC with ZDA develop with Traditional Leaders for Lukolongo, Agreements Agreements a Industrial Yards development of Industrial Chisankane, for SMEs to Clusters Shabusale, undertake Value Chikupi addition ventures Sign a partnership Shabusale 1 KTC & IDC agreement with Shabusale Cooperative Cooperative on Sugarcane Contract Production Preparation of Mixed Use Kasenje, 1Plan 2Plans 2 Plans KTC Industrial Cluster Layout Lukolongo, Plans for SMEs Chisankane, Develop SME Financing Shabusale, 1 Strategy KTC & strategy on value addition Chikupi Developed MCTI Implement SME Value Strategy Strategy Strategy Strategy KTC & addition financing Strategy being being Reviewed being MCTI Implemente Implemente Implemente d d d LA Develop Fast Develop Electronic Plan NA 1 System KTC & Track Industrial Approval Process linked to Developed LPPA Development ZEMA Checklist to support Industrial Develop Industrial Planning NA 1 Set of KTC & clustering and Standards for Planning LPPA environmental environmental quality Standards and Planning Developed standards Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 94 GOAL 2: ENHANCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT BY 2030 Objective To increase crop production through climate smart agricultural diversification by 2030 Strategies Programme Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 MOA will develop Conduct baseline study on All wards 1 baseline MOA the capacity of knowledge and practices of study 10,000 farmers in farmers on Smart agriculture climate smart crop production Conduct farmer trainings in Priority Wards 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 MOA practices by 2024 climate smart crop Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers diversification Conduct farmer trainings in Priority Wards 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 MOA climate smart farm Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers mechanization Conduct farmer trainings in Priority Wards 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 MOA water efficient irrigation Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers Farmers Conduct 400 trials Priority Wards 80 Demos 80 Demos 80 Demos 80 80 Demos MOA demonstrations in drought Demos resistant crops MOA will enhance Production of monthly Priority Wards 12 12 12 12 12 MOA crop early weather forecasts warning Dissemination of Weather Priority Wards 12 12 12 12 12 MOA management Forecast Reports through systems for extension Camps farmers by 2024 Conduct routine crop pest and Priority Wards 400 400 400 400 400 MOA disease monitoring and surveillance MOA in Sensitization of crop farmers Priority Wards 400 400 200 200 200 MOA collaboration on value chain market MCTI will linkages promotion crop Facilitation of the building of Priority Wards value chain crop productive alliances market linkages in key high value Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 95 crops Objective To increase crop production through climate smart agricultural diversification by 2030 Strategies Programme Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 MOA will develop Conduct farmer training in Priority Wards 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 MOLF the capacity of climate smart livestock 8,000 small disease prevention and livestock farmers in management climate smart Conduct farmer training in Priority Wards 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 MOLF livestock production climate smart animal practices by 2024 husbandry practices 10,000 animals distributed Priority Wards 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 MOLF in the small livestock restocking initiative MOLF will enhance Conduct routine livestock Priority Wards 3200 3200 3200 3200 3200 livestock early and pest and disease samples samples samples samples samples warning monitoring and surveillance collected collected collected collected collected management system to prevent livestock disease outbreaks by 2024 MOA in Sensitization of livestock Priority Wards 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 collaboration MCTI farmers on value chain will promotion market linkages livestock value Facilitation of the building Priority Wards 26 26 26 26 26 chain market of livestock productive linkages for local alliances and domestic markets by 2024 MOA to ensure that Construct tier-three Priority Wards 0 1 0 1 0 livestock support livestock service centres infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 96 next 5years Objective To increase aquaculture production through climate smart agricultural practices by 2030 Strategies Programme Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 MOA will develop the Conduct farmer training in Priority Wards 500 500 500 500 500 MOLF capacity of fish farmers in climate smart aquaculture climate smart aquaculture practices production practices by Conduct farmer training in Priority Wards 500 500 500 500 500 MOLF 2024 climate smart fish disease prevention and management Conduct routine fish pest Priority Wards 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 MOLF and disease monitoring and surveillance MOA in collaboration MCTI Sensitization of fish Priority Wards 400 400 400 400 400 MOLF will promotion aquaculture farmers on value chain value chain market linkages market linkages for local and domestic markets by 2024 MOA in collaboration MCTI Facilitation of the building Priority Wards 20 20 20 20 20 MOLF will promotion livestock of fish-productive alliances value chain market linkages for local and domestic markets by 2024 MOA to ensure that Construct fish cold-chain Priority Wards 0 1 0 1 0 MOLF aquaculture support facility infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the next 5years Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 97 Objective To increase by 25% the amount of land under tree cover by 2030 Strategies Programme Location (By Priority) Target Responsible (Years) 1 2 3 4 5 The LA in Lobby traditional leaders for Chiawa and Lukolongo 4 0 4 0 0 Forestry and collaboration with 8hectares of land for creation of MACO Forestry department tree nurseries to promote fruit tree Establish No. 5 Fruit Tree Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, 1 1 1 1 1 Forestry Dept planting as a nurseries for fruit trees seedlings Chitende, Chisankane business by 2024 in atleast 3 varieties Plant and distribute 50,000 fruit Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, 10000 10000 1000 1000 1000 Forestry and tree seedlings to households Chitende, Chisankane 0 0 0 MACO The LA and forestry Lobby traditional leaders for land Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, 4 4 4 4 4 Forestry and department will for creation of community Chitende, Chisankane MACO ensure the district forests has community forests to mitigate Conduct sensitization meetings Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, 2 2 2 2 2 Forestry and against effects of on good forest management Chitende, Chisankane MACO climate change in practices at ward level in priority support of wards agriculture and Plant and distribute 50,000 non Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, 10000 10000 1000 1000 1000 Forestry and water conservation tree seedlings to households Chitende, Chisankane 0 0 0 MACO Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 98 GOAL 3: IMPROVE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE BY 2030 Objective To develop and maintain air, rail and road transport infrastructure Project Activities Priority Location Target (Years) Responsible Agency 1 2 3 4 5 To provide an Upgrade of roads to climate resilient Kafue Town Council 0 50 50 50 50 KTC/RDA efficient transport and bituminous standards and system maintenance of roads Rehabilitation and opening up of All wards 0 50 50 75 75 KTC/RDA climate resilient feeder roads Construction of a bus station Kasenje, Chikupi, 0 0 1 0 0 KTC Kafue Development and upgrading of an Chiawa 0 0 0 0 1 KTC/MWS airstrip Modernisation and expansion of the Kafue 0 0 50 50 50 KTC/MIT rail transport network Mobilize Advertisement and stakeholder N/A 0 0 0 1 1 Ministry of finance resources for engagement for PPP for investment in road infrastructure development infrastructure development Objective Build capacity in stakeholders to conduct routine maintenance and expansion of roads, rail and air transport infrastructure. Project Activities Priority Target (Years) Responsible Agency Location 1 2 3 4 5 Increase the capacity of Engagement of staff NA 2 2 2 2 2 KTC/RDA stakeholders to upgrade in Capacity gravel roads to bituminous Development standards and carry out Programs and other Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 99 routine maintenance training programs GOAL 4: PROMOTE INVESTMENTS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR Objective To increase by 50% the number of tourists visiting Kafue by 2030 Strategy Programme Location (By Priority) Target (Years) Responsible 1 2 3 4 5 Develop tourism Install tourism road signage leading Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa and 5 5 5 5 5 KTC infrastructure to tourists attractions Chisankane Establish a cultural village at Beit Hall Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa and 0 1 0 0 0 KTC Chisankane Setting up of cultural centers in four Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa and - 1 1 1 1 KTC wards ) Kafue, Magoba and chiyaba Chisankane and chisankane Upgrade Inkanga and Council lodgein Malundu and Chiawa Ward 1 0 1 0 0 KTC Chiawa to international hotels Lobby NHCC for financial Support to Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa, 1 2 1 1 1 KTC improve tourism infrastructure and Kasenje, Lukolongo, sites Chisankane The LA working with the Preperation of Kafue Tourism Strategy Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa, 1 1 1 1 1 KTC ZTB will ensure Kafue has and action Plan to market Kafue Kasenje, Lukolongo, a tourism promotion plan tourist sites Chisankane by 2021 Produce and air radio and TV All wards 2 2 2 2 2 KTC programmes on tourism sites and culture in the district Engage NHCC to map and document Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa, 1 1 1 1 1 KTC historical and cultural sites in the Kasenje, Lukolongo, district Chisankane Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 100 The LA to secure land in Attract an investor to develop an Chiawa, Kafue, Lukolongo 0 1 0 0 0 KTC strategic locations of the international multipurpose facility district for tourism with entertainment and nature development and tourism conservatory value chains by 2024 Prepare a waterfront redevelopment Kafue, Chiawa 1 0 0 0 0 KTC plan to increase the attractiveness of the Kafue water front by 2024 The LA will promote the Conduct annual tourism events in the Kafue, Magoba, Chiawa, 1 1 1 1 1 KTC participation of local people district to show case local tourism Kasenje, Lukolongo, in tourism marketing opportunities Chisankane through campaigns and Setup curio and art markets in the Chiawa, Chisankane, 1 1 1 KTC events district to sell local tourism products Lukolongo Wildlife restocking and Engage department of national parks Chiawa, Chisankane 1 1 1 1 KTC protection of species to restock the Lusaka South National park Conduct trainings for tour guides and Chiawa, Chisankane 1 1 1 1 1 KTC operators servicing the Lusaka South National Park and Lower Zambezi Lobby Department of national parks Chiawa, Chisankane 2 2 2 1 2 KTC to recruit more wildlife guards The LA to work with ZICTA Lobby ZICTA to install Lower Zambezi, Chisankane, 2 3 3 3 3 KTC to ensure connectivity in telecommunications masts in the Lukolongo, Chikupi, Mungu areas with poor network district to improve mobile phone and coverage by 2021 internet coverage Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 101 GOAL 5: PROMOTE INVESTMENTS IN ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY Objective To promote the off grid renewable energy solutions in order to achieve sustainable development of communities Objective Equitable by 2030 access and quality through improved infrastructure and teacher training Project Activities Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Project Activities Location Priority)(By Priority) 1 2 3Target 4 (Years) 5 Responsible 1 2 3 4 5 Promote Access to Identify land for setting up for solar Lower Zambezi, Chikup, 1 1 1 1 1 KTC/REA Electricity and energy farms Magoba, Lukolongo Renewable Energy Production Rezone Land uses into mixed use Kasenje, Kafue, Matanda, 1 1 1 1 KTC development Shabusale Renewable Energy Map potential sites for establishment of All Wards 1 2 2 2 2 KTC Resource Solar Energy Farms Mapping Project Production of Zoned maps for Renewa- All Wards 1 2 2 2 2 KTC ble energy investment sites Embarks on Forests Conduct Community Tree planting Initi- All wards 2 2 2 2 2 KTC Regeneration Project in atives with incentives four Wards Conduct Awareness campaigns on al- All wards 16 16 16 16 16 KTC ternative energy solutions Participation in the commemoration of All wards 1 1 1 1 1 KTC international days that project environ- mental sustainability themes GOAL 6: ENHANCE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT THROUGH HEALTH AND EDUCATION Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 102 Identification of stalled School TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Constructions of construction projects TBA Primary, secondary Identification of land for schools TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS schools and staff Development of Designs and BOQs for TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Houses in the the schools district Construction of Schools and staff houses TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Construction of Dining Halls TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Construction of Staff Toilets Specialised TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Classrooms Setting up of additional classroom blocks TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Construction of Boarding schools TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Maintenance ad Identification of all school needing TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS refurbishment of refurbishment school Development of proposals seeking TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA infrastructure of educational support Construction of support infrastructure for TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA educational services Education Productions of educational materials on TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA KTC DEBS promotion values of education. Infrastructure Campaigns Community drama series on education. TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA Department Ministry of Lands and Natural Formation of education awareness task TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA Resources Traditional teams in the rural wards. leadership Partnerships with Headmen on TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA monitoring of school attendance Objective To improve on water and Sanitation coverage Project Activities Cost Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 103 Promote Private public Stakeholder 50,000 District Level 4 4 4 2 2 District partnerships in Water engagements and administration and sanitation coverage CSR and Lusaka water and sanitation company Building of industrial bore Small water 50,000 District Level 2 2 2 3 3 DHO,NWASCO holes schemes and Water Resources dev Community wide Strengthening of 50,000 District Level 4 4 4 2 2 Council sanitation / CLTS Community CLTS/SLTS Groups Safe water supply Water quality 50,000 District Level 4 4 1 2 2 DHO, NWASCO monitoring and Water Resources dev. Borehole 150,000 District Level 2 2 2 3 3 DHO, NWASCO improvement/ and Water Mechanization Resources dev Mapping of 80,000 District Level 2 2 2 3 3 DHO, NWASCO Blackish/ Grey and Water water areas Resources dev Public Heath Inspections Conduct Premises 50,000 2 2 2 3 3 Local authority and Food /DHO District Level Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 104 Objective To improve access to Health facilities and quality Services staff to enhance access to PHC Project Activities Cost Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 Infrastructure Identification of land for the 200,000 District Level 2 3 3 3 3 MOH/DHO development construction of health facilities Construction of facilities 1500,000 District Level 4 4 4 2 2 MOH/DHO (Health posts, Health Centre’s) Capacity Undertake TOT 200,000 District Level 4 4 4 2 3 MOH/DHO building Recommend officers for short District Level 2 3 3 3 3 MOH/DHO training courses 50,000 Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 105 GOAL 7: PROMOTE CIVIC PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Objective To increase To Promote access to integrated recreational coordination facilities among and district youth stakeholders development and key players opportunities Project Activities Location (By Target (Years) Responsible Priority) 1 2 3 4 5 The LA working with the Conduct regular planning meetings on a District Level 4 4 4 4 4 KTC District Administration quarterly basis office will enhance communication for development LA will coordinate, Conduct LED assessment for all the wards All wards 1 0 0 0 0 KTC develop and implement local economic development policies and plans The LA will promote Train the WDCs in LED initiatives on annual All wards 16 16 16 16 16 KTC citizen participation in basis local development Publish to the public council resolutions on All wards 16 16 16 16 16 KTC local development The LA will enhance Facilitate Planning Agreements with All wards 2 2 2 2 2 KTC planning coordination traditional leaders with traditional authorities Lobby for support from the traditional All wards 2 2 2 2 2 KTC leadership for conversion of land for special purpose developments Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 106 The LA will partner with Formulate a partnership engagement All wards 1 KTC private sector to strategy for recreation and youth improve access to development recreational spaces in all Engage the private sector through PPPs All wards 2 2 2 2 2 KTC wards by 2030 Involve civil society partners to improve the All wards 5 5 5 5 5 KTC recreational spaces and delivery the youth The LA will ensure that Strengthen community participation in the All wards 1 2 2 2 2 KTC urban form takes into provision of recreation services account the needs of Mainstream youth and disability in all local All wards 4 2 4 2 4 KTC children and youths area plans including persons living with disabilities The LA will promote Construct sports facilities in all the wards All wards 2 2 4 4 4 KTC sports development and arts by 2030 in all the Wards CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN This section of the Implementation Plan presents the cost and financing of all strategies to ensure that the objectives and strategies of the IDP are implemented. Both the Capital Investment Plan (CIP) and the Financial Plan (FP) are directly related to the priorities, objectives and strategies identified in the IDP. The Capital Investment Plan include investment in physical infrastructure and services which are identified as priorities for the district. The CIP is prepared for five years only and is aligned with the Medium Term Expenditure Framework, and is directly related to the priorities, objectives and strategies of the IDP. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 107 GOAL 1: PROMOTE MANUFACTURING AND EMPLOYMENT CREATION Objective To enhance value addition to local materials through processing and packaging by 2024 Strategies Programme Input Cost Proposed Source of Source of Information Funding The LA in partnership with Develop value chain in steel, Human resource K3000,000 KTC & MCTI ZDA will ensure development iron and other related Plant and equipment GRZ/ Donor/ of three (3) Value Chains in minerals production Kafue Council the Manufacturing Sector by 2024 Develop value Chains in the Human resource K2000,000 GRZ/ Donor/ KTC & MCTI cement production Plant and equipment Kafue Council Develop value chain in sugar Human resource K1,000,000 GRZ/ Donor/ KTC & MCTI production Plant and equipment Kafue Council The LA will ensure that basic Upgrading of 70km of road Human resource K2000,000 GRZ/ Donor/ LA & MIDH network infrastructure within network to bituminous Plant and equipment Kafue Council the Value addition wards is standards provided by 2021 Install strategic water and Human resource K2000,000 GRZ/ Donor/ LA, ZESCO & LWSC electricity infrastructure in Plant and equipment Kafue Council the Industrial area Promotional campaigns on Use ZANIS to prepare Human resource K10000 GRZ LA & ZANIS resource endowments documentaries to air on the Plant and equipment resource endowments of the district Develop an incentives Human resource K20000 GRZ LA & ZDA package for local and foreign Plant and equipment companies to invest in the District Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 108 Strategies Programme Inputs Cost Potential Source of Funds Source of Information The LA in a PPP with Sign a Planning Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC ZDA develop a Agreement with vehicle service, Industrial Yards for Traditional Leaders for fuel, allowances SMEs to undertake development of Value addition ventures Industrial Clusters Sign a partnership Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC & IDC agreement with vehicle service, Shabusale Cooperative fuel, allowances on Sugarcane Production Preparation of Mixed Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC Use Industrial Cluster vehicle service, Layout Plans for SMEs fuel, allowances Develop SME Financing Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ KTC & MCTI strategy on value vehicle service, addition fuel, allowances Implement SME Value Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC & MCTI addition financing vehicle service, Strategy fuel, allowances LA Develop Fast Track Develop Electronic Plan Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC & LPPA Industrial Development Approval Process linked vehicle service, Checklist to support to ZEMA fuel, allowances Industrial clustering and environmental and Develop Industrial Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council KTC & LPPA Planning standards Planning Standards for vehicle service, environmental quality fuel, allowances Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 109 GOAL 2: ENHANCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT BY 2030 Objective To increase crop production through climate smart agricultural diversification by 2030 Inputs Cost Potential Source Source of Strategies Programme of Funds Information Conduct baseline study on Stationary, motor K200,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA knowledge and practices of vehicle service, fuel, Council farmers on Smart agriculture allowances Conduct farmer trainings in Stationary, motor 120,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA climate smart crop vehicle service, fuel, Council MOA will develop the diversification allowances capacity of 10,000 Conduct farmer trainings in Stationary, motor 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA farmers in climate climate smart farm vehicle service, fuel, Council smart crop mechanization allowances production practices Stationary, motor 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA by 2024 Conduct farmer trainings in vehicle service, fuel, Council water efficient irrigation allowances Conduct 400 trials Stationary, motor 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA demonstrations in drought vehicle service, fuel, Council resistant crops allowances Stationary, motor 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA Production of monthly weather vehicle service, fuel, Council forecasts MOA will enhance allowances crop early warning Dissemination of Weather Stationary, motor 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA management Forecast Reports through vehicle service, fuel, Council systems for farmers extension Camps allowances by 2024 Conduct routine crop pest and 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA disease monitoring and Council surveillance Stationary, motor MOA in collaboration Sensitization of crop farmers on 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA vehicle service, fuel, MCTI will promotion value chain market linkages Council allowances crop value chain 140,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MoA Facilitation of the building of market linkages in Council crop productive alliances key high value crops Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 110 Objective To increase crop production through climate smart agricultural diversification by 2030 Strategies Programme Inputs Cost Potential Source of Funds Source of Informati on MOA will develop the Conduct farmer training in Stationary, motor vehicle 140,000 MOLF capacity of 8,000 small climate smart livestock service, fuel, allowances GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council livestock farmers in disease prevention and climate smart livestock management production practices by Conduct farmer training in Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF 2024 climate smart animal service, fuel, allowances husbandry practices 10,000 animals distributed Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF in the small livestock service, fuel, allowances restocking initiative MOLF will enhance Conduct routine livestock Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF livestock early warning and pest and disease service, fuel, allowances management system to monitoring and surveillance prevent livestock disease outbreaks by 2024 MOA in collaboration Sensitization of livestock Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF MCTI will promotion farmers on value chain service, fuel, allowances livestock value chain market linkages market linkages for local Facilitation of the building of Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF and domestic markets by livestock productive service, fuel, allowances 2024 alliances MOA to ensure that Construct tier-three Stationary, motor vehicle 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council MOLF livestock support livestock service centres service, fuel, allowances infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the next 5years Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 111 Objective To increase aquaculture production through climate smart agricultural practices by 2030 Strategies Programme Inputs Cost Potential Source of Source of Funds Informatio n MOA will develop the Conduct farmer training in Stationary, motor 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF capacity of fish farmers in climate smart aquaculture vehicle service, fuel, Council climate smart aquaculture practices allowances production practices by 2024 Conduct farmer training in Stationary, motor 20100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF climate smart fish disease vehicle service, fuel, Council prevention and allowances management Conduct routine fish pest Stationary, motor 375,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF and disease monitoring vehicle service, fuel, Council and surveillance allowances MOA in collaboration MCTI Sensitization of fish Stationary, motor 210,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF will promotion aquaculture farmers on value chain vehicle service, fuel, Council value chain market linkages market linkages allowances for local and domestic markets by 2024 MOA in collaboration MCTI Facilitation of the building Stationary, motor 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF will promotion livestock value of fish-productive vehicle service, fuel, Council chain market linkages for alliances allowances local and domestic markets by 2024 MOA to ensure that Construct fish cold-chain BOQ 200,750 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue MOLF aquaculture support facility Council infrastructure is in place in all priority wards within the next 5years Objective To increase by 25% the amount of land under tree cover by 2030 Inputs Cost Potential Source of Strategies Programme Source of Information Funds Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 112 Lobby traditional K125,000, GRZ/ Donor/ leaders for Kafue Council 8hectares of land for creation of tree nurseries Chiawa and Lukolongo Forestry and MACO Establish No. 5 K125,000, GRZ/ Donor/ Fruit Tree Kafue Council nurseries for fruit trees seedlings in The LA in atleast 3 Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, Chitende, collaboration with varieties Chisankane Forestry Dept Forestry Plant and K125,000, GRZ/ Donor/ department to distribute 50,000 Kafue Council promote fruit tree fruit tree planting as a seedlings to Lukolongo, Chiawa, Shabusale, Chitende, business by 2024 households Chisankane Forestry and MACO 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Lobby traditional Kafue Council leaders for land for creation of community forests Stationary, motor vehicle service, fuel, allowances Forestry and MACO Conduct 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ The LA and sensitization Kafue Council forestry meetings on department will good forest ensure the district management has community practices at ward forests to mitigate level in priority against effects of wards Stationary, motor vehicle service, fuel, allowances Forestry and MACO climate change in Plant and GRZ/ Donor/ support of distribute 50,000 Kafue Council agriculture and non tree water seedlings to conservation households Forestry and MACO Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 113 GOAL 3: IMPROVE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE BY 2030 Objective To develop and maintain air, rail and road transport infrastructure Project Activities Inputs Cost Potential Source Source of of Funds Information To provide an efficient Upgrade of roads to climate Human resource K1,779, 498. GRZ Kafue Town Council transport system resilient and bituminous Plant and standards and maintenance equipment of roads Rehabilitation and opening Human resource K125,000, GRZ Kafue Town Council up of climate resilient feeder Plant and roads equipment Construction of a bus station Human resource K2,000,000,000 GRZ Kafue Town Council Development and upgrading Plant and K 4,236,900 GRZ Kafue Town Council of an airstrip equipment Modernisation and expansion Human resource K2,500,000 GRZ Kafue Town Council of the rail transport network Mobilize resources for Advertisement and Human resource K300,000 GRZ Kafue Town Council road infrastructure stakeholder engagement for development PPP for investment in infrastructure development Objective Build capacity in stakeholders to conduct routine maintenance and expansion of roads, rail and air transport infrastructure. Project Activities Inputs Cost Potential Source Source of Information of Funds Increase the capacity of Engagement of staff in Plant and K1,000,000 GRZ RDA, Ministry of finance, ministry of stakeholders to upgrade Capacity Development equipment local government and Kafue Town gravel roads to Programs and other Council ,Ministry of housing and bituminous standards training programs infrastructure development, Ministry and carry out routine of Transport and communications, maintenance Ministry of works and supply Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 114 GOAL 4: PROMOTE INVESTMENTS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR Objective To increase by 50% the number of tourists visiting Kafue by 2030 Strategy Programme Inputs Cost Potential Source of Source of Funds Information Develop tourism Install tourism road Equipment and KTC infrastructure signage leading to GRZ/ Donor/ Human 200,000 tourists attractions Kafue Council Resource Establish a cultural village Equipment and KTC GRZ/ Donor/ at biet Hall Human 1000,000 Kafue Council Resource Setting up of cultural KTC Equipment and centers in four wards ) GRZ/ Donor/ Human 1000,000 Kafue, Magoba and Kafue Council Resource chiyaba and chisankane Upgrade Inkanga and KTC Equipment and GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Council lodgein Chiawa to 1000,000 Human Resource Council international hotels Lobby NHCC for financial KTC Support to improve Stationary, motor GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue tourism infrastructure vehicle service, 50,000 Council and sites fuel, allowances The LA working with the Preperation of Kafue Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC ZTB will ensure Kafue Tourism Strategy and vehicle service, Council has a tourism promotion action Plan to market fuel, allowances plan by 2021 Kafue tourist sites Produce and air radio and Equipment and 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC TV programmes on Human Resource Council tourism sites and culture in the district Engage NHCC to map Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC and document historical vehicle service, Council and cultural sites in the fuel, allowances district Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 115 The LA to secure land in Attract an investor to Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC strategic locations of the develop an international vehicle service, Council district for tourism multipurpose facility with fuel, allowances development and entertainment and nature tourism value chains by conservatory 2024 Prepare a waterfront Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC redevelopment plan to vehicle service, Council increase the fuel, allowances attractiveness of the Kafue water front by 2024 The LA will promote the Conduct annual tourism Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC participation of local events in the district to vehicle service, Council people in tourism show case local tourism fuel, allowances marketing through opportunities campaigns and events Setup curio and art Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC markets in the district to vehicle service, Council sell local tourism fuel, allowances products Wildlife restocking and Engage department of Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC proetction of species national parks to restock vehicle service, Council the Lusaka South fuel, allowances National park Conduct trainings for tour Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC guides and operators vehicle service, Council servicing the Lusaka fuel, allowances South National Park and Lower Zambezi Lobby Department of Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC national parks to recruit vehicle service, Council more wildlife guards fuel, allowances The LA to work with Lobby ZICTA to install Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC ZICTA to ensure telecommunications vehicle service, Council connectivity in areas masts in the district to fuel, allowances with poor network improve mobile phone coverage by 2021 and internet coverage Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 116 GOAL 5: PROMOTE INVESTMENTS IN ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY Objective To promote the off grid renewable energy solutions in order to achieve sustainable development of communities by 2030 Project Activities Inputs Cost Potential Source Source of of Funds Information Promote Access to Identify land for setting up for Equipment and GRZ/ Donor/ Electricity and solar energy farms Human 200,000 Mn Energy Kafue Council Renewable Resource Energy Production Rezone Land uses into mixed use Equipment and Mn Energy GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue development Human 60,000 Council Resource Renewable Energy Map potential sites for establish- Equipment and Mn Energy GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Resource ment of Solar Energy Farms Human 60,000 Mapping Project Council Resource Production of Zoned maps for Equipment and Mn Energy GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Renewable energy investment Human 100,000 Council sites Resource Embarks on Forests Conduct Community Tree planting Equipment and 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Energy Regeneration Initiatives with incentives Human Council Project in four Resource Wards Conduct Awareness campaigns Equipment and 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Energy on alternative energy solutions Human Council Resource Participation in the commemora- Equipment and 100,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Energy tion of international days that Human Council project environmental sustainabil- Resource ity themes Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 117 GOAL 6: ENHANCE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT THROUGH HEALTH AND EDUCATION Objective Equitable access and quality through improved infrastructure and teacher training Project Activities Inputs Cost Potential Source Source of of Funds Information Identification of stalled School Equipment GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS Constructions of construction projects and Human Council Primary, Resource secondary Identification of land for schools Equipment K2,500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS schools and staff and Human Council Houses in the Resource district Development of Designs and Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS BOQs for the schools and Human Council Resource Construction of Schools and staff Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS houses and Human Council Resource Construction of Dining Halls Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS and Human Council Resource Construction of Staff Toilets Equipment K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS Specialised Classrooms and Human Council Resource Setting up of additional classroom Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS blocks and Human Council Resource Construction of Boarding schools Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS+++ and Human Council Resource Maintenance ad Identification of all school Equipment K500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue DEBS refurbishment of needing refurbishment and Human Council school Resource infrastructure of Development of proposals Equipment GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue seeking educational support and Human Council Resource Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 118 Construction of support Equipment K2,500,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue infrastructure for educational and Human Council services Resource Education Productions of educational Equipment K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue KTC DEBS promotion materials on values of education. and Human Council Infrastructure Campaigns Resource Department Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources Traditional leadership Community drama series on Equipment K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ KTC DEBS Infrastruc- Kafue education. and Human Council ture Department Resource Ministry of Lands and Natural Re- sources Traditional leadership Formation of education Equipment K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ KTC DEBS Infrastruc- Kafue awareness task teams in the rural and Human Council ture Department wards. Resource Ministry of Lands and Natural Re- sources Traditional leadership Partnerships with Headmen on Equipment GRZ/ Donor/  Kafue monitoring of school attendance and Human Council Resource Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 119 GOAL 7: PROMOTE CIVIC PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Objective To Promote integrated coordination among district stakeholders and key players Project Activities Inputs Cost Potential Source of Source of Information Funds The LA working with the Conduct regular planning Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community District Administration office meetings on a quarterly vehicle service, Kafue Council Development will enhance communication for basis fuel, allowances development LA will coordinate, develop and Conduct LED assessment for Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community implement local economic all the wards vehicle service, Kafue Council Development development policies and plans fuel, allowances The LA will promote citizen Train the WDCs in LED Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community participation in local initiatives on annual basis vehicle service, Kafue Council Development development fuel, allowances Publish to the public council Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community resolutions on local vehicle service, Kafue Council Development development fuel, allowances The LA will enhance planning Facilitate Planning Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community coordination with traditional Agreements with traditional vehicle service, Kafue Council Development authorities leaders fuel, allowances Lobby for support from the Stationary, motor K50000 GRZ/ Donor/ Mn Community traditional leadership for vehicle service, Kafue Council Development conversion of land for fuel, allowances special purpose developments Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 120 Objective To increase access to recreational facilities and youth development opportunities Project Activities Input Cost Potential source of Source of Information funds The LA will partner Formulate a partnership Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Community with private sector engagement strategy for vehicle service, Council Development to improve access to recreation and youth fuel, allowances recreational spaces development in all wards by 2030 Engage the private sector 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Community through PPPs Council Development Involve civil society partners Stationary, motor GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Community to improve the recreational vehicle service, Council Development spaces and delivery the youth fuel, allowances 50,000 The LA will ensure Strengthen community GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Community that urban form participation in the provision Council Development takes into account of recreation services 50,000 the needs of Mainstream youth and Stationary, motor 50,000 GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue Mn Community children and youths disability in all local area plans vehicle service, Council Development including persons fuel, allowances living with disabilities The LA will promote Construct sports facilities in all Stationary, motor 1, 000,000 Mn Community sports development the wards vehicle service, Development and arts by 2030 in fuel, allowances GRZ/ Donor/ Kafue all the Wards Council Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 121

4.7 Financial Plan The purpose of the Financial Plan is to ensure that recurrent expenses for the implementation of the IDP are budgeted for. The expected output is a financial plan setting out the recurrent expenses for the implementation of strategies and programmes. The Financial Plan reflects standard operational budgets which local authorities will incur such as salaries and emoluments. The financial plan relates wholly to functions of and services provided by the Kafue Town Council.

4.8 Revenue Collection Efficiency of the Kafue Town Council Assessment of current and potential revenue streams Kafue Town Council revenue is low due to the level of economic activity in the district. A thorough analysis of the revenue collection methods indicates that there are 20 Revenue Collectors are on permanent establishment and 25 revenue agents that have been contracted. The KDC spends ZMW 400,000.00 annually to collect all revenue and spends on average ZMW 100,000.00 to collect per revenue stream. Some sources of revenue e.g. Property Rates are more expensive to collect than others. Own Sources of Revenue (OSR) A major component of the KDC’s revenue streams the Own Sources of Revenue (OSR). The different revenue streams identified include: a) Lease and sale of Council land b) Property rates and taxes c) Levies and fees for various services d) Government subventions (e.g. Local Government Equalization Fund (LGEF) e) Funding from various sponsors and well-wishers External Sources of Revenues for Implementation Current and potential external sources of funding for Kafue implementation include government funding, donor agency funding, and private investments in the City. Kafue Council receives Constituency Development Funds (CDF) for community projects, the Local Government Equalization Fund (LGEF), grants-in-lieu of rates and central government grants. These not only require a review of national funding priorities as set out in the Seventh National Development Plan (SNDP) and Budget Guidelines but also a review of grants received from the MLG. An assessment of how the MLG sees the situation in the years ahead is required to work out from the previous year grant allocation to the Kafue and only adjust it using inflation figure, formulas or a proxy as suggested by the MTEF Manual. Assessment of the Revenue Base 2021 - 2025 The implementation of the IDP objectives, strategies and priority projects requires an assessment of the expected and potential revenue base for the planning period. Table 13 below highlights the main revenue generating activities and/or services provided and Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 122 planned for in the budget for the base year2021 and from 2022 to current proposed budget of 2023 Table 14: Budget Expenditure and Sources of Income Sn. Revenue Projected Collected Projected 2022 Collected Projection Type 2021 Revenue 2021 Revenue 2022(end 2023 3rdQtr) Revenue 1 LGEF 14,044,512.00 13,533,610.20 14,044,512.00 8,676,470.88 14,044,512.00 2 Grants in 300,000.00 150,000.00 300,000.00 0 0 lieu of Rates 3 CDF 1,600,000.00 1,600,000.00 25,700,000.00 13,425,261.44 28,300,000.00 Total 15,944,512.00 15,347,163.93 40,044,512.00 22,101,732.32 42,344,512.00 Main Factors affecting Revenue Collection and Management Several factors affect revenue collection in Kafue District and among them is lack of funding and transport, inadequate staff and lack of awareness on the part of residents of the town on the role of the town council coupled with the unwillingness of the residents to pay rates and taxes. The council does not have an up to date inventory and revenue database to set overall targets for revenue collection and for its individual Revenue Collectors and Agents and hence make a prudent estimate of the revenue projection. It does not have proper mechanisms to know if all revenue has been collected and if all revenue has been accounted for. Programme For the Preparation Of Local Area Plans And Other Detailed Planning Activities Local Area plans for the IDP shall be developed from 2022 onwards as follows: Phase 1: Urban Renewal (2022 – 2023) Phase 2: New Development (2024– 2025) Phase 3: Linking the Wards (2026 – 2027) Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 123 MONITORING AND EVALUATION Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 124

5.0 Institutional Arrangements All operations of Local authorities in Zambia are governed by the Local Government Act of 2019 of the Laws of Zambia. The IDP 2022 – 2032 will guide the operations of the various departments and sectors. In pursuit of a shared vision, all departments and sectors will be involved in the implementation of the IDP programmes. Where there are inconsistencies in programmes, the Vision 2030 shall prevail. The District through the District Commissioner and Council Secretary will be overall responsible for providing policy guideline on the implementation of the IDP. All heads of devolved departments will report to the Council on the progress made towards the set targets through the Council Secretary using existing communication and decision making platforms. Similarly, the non-devolved departments will report to the District Commissioner. The report of the Non devolved departments will also be shared with the Council Secretary for consolidation into a single district report. The Council Chairperson who is the head of the Council will provide high level strategic and political leadership to the implementation of the IDP supported by the standing committees and the DDCC. Both the office of the Council Chairperson and District Commissioner will be responsible for resource mobilisation; engagement of stakeholders; convening stakeholder bi-annual reviews; and holding consultations with stakeholders and cooperating partners.

6.0 Monitoring and Evaluation For effective Monitoring of the Strategic Plan, it is recommended that a Monitoring and Evaluation Committee be established to undertake the following activities: Develop the M&E framework that will guide the monitoring and evalu- ation of the IDP 2022-2032; Facilitate the development of annual work plans in each depart- ment/Unit; Monitor the implementation of work plans; Obtain and review quarterly and annual progress reports Undertake a mid-term review and end of Plan evaluation Prepare progress reports for submission to Council for decision making Provide technical guidance as required; Ensure effective Communication with the general public; and Make recommendations to Council appropriate intervention measures. All the heads of Departments (HoDs) will be responsible for operationalizing the IDP. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 125 The major functions for HoDs will include preparing annual work plans based on the Strategic Directions, Objectives and Activities derived from the IDP, implementing and monitoring of annual work plans, preparing monthly, quarterly and annual progress reports and Participating in evaluation activities. The Table below shows the Key outputs to be measured by the plan. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 126 Objective To enhance value addition to local materials through processing and packaging by 2024 Strategies Programme Output Annual Target Responsible Indicator 1 2 3 4 5 The LA in Develop value chain No. of value 1 1 1 1 1 KTC & MCTI partnership in steel, iron and chains with ZDA will other minerals created in ensure production steel, iron development and other of three (3) minerals Value Chains Develop value No. of value 1 1 1 1 1 KTC & MCTI in the Chains in the chains Manufacturing cement production created in Sector by steel, iron 2024 and other minerals Develop value chain No. of value 1 1 1 1 1 KTC & MCTI in sugar production chains created in steel, iron and other minerals The LA will Upgrading of 70km 12km 12km 12km 12km 12km LA & MIDH ensure that of road network to basic network bituminous infrastructure standards within the Install strategic Service Service Plan Service Plan Service Plan Service Plan LA, ZESCO & Value addition water and Plan being being being being LWSC wards is electricity Developed Implemented Implemented Implemented Implemented provided by infrastructure in the 2021 Industrial area Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 127 Promotional Use ZANIS to All wards 9 Shows 6 shows 6 shows 6 shows 6 shows LA & ZANIS campaigns on prepare resource documentaries to endowments air on the resource endowments of the district Develop an All wards 1 package Package Package Package Package LA & ZDA incentives package developed being being being being for local and foreign implemented implemented implemented implemented companies to invest in the District Objective To develop industrial clusters for SMEs to venture into processing and packaging by 2024 Strategies Programme Output Source of Annual Target Responsible indicator information 1 2 3 4 5 The LA in a PPP Sign a Planning Agreement No. of Planning Planning 2 2 1 KTC with ZDA develop with Traditional Leaders for agreements Agreement an Industrial development of Industrial signed Yards for SMEs to Clusters undertake Value Sign a partnership No. of partnership Partnership 1 KTC & IDC addition ventures agreement with Shabusale agreements agreement Cooperative on Sugarcane signed Production Preparation of Mixed Use No. of approved Approved 1 2 2 KTC Industrial Cluster Layout layout plans Layout Plans for SMEs Develop SME Financing Value Strategy Strategy 1 KTC & MCTI strategy on value addition Document Implement SME Value No. of Strategies Project Report 1 1 1 1 KTC & MCTI addition financing Strategy implemented LA Develop Fast Develop Electronic Plan System System Report 1 KTC & LPPA Track Industrial Approval Process linked to Developed Development ZEMA Checklist to Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 128 support Industrial Develop Industrial Planning Document for Planning 1 KTC & LPPA clustering and Standards for environmental standards Report environmental quality Developed and Planning standards Promotional Use ZANIS to prepare No. of Documentary 9 6 6 6 6s LA & ZANIS campaigns on documentaries to air on the documentaries resource resource endowments of the produced and endowments district aired Develop an incentives Packaged Printed/electro 1 1 1 1 1 LA & ZDA package for local and Developed nic package foreign companies to invest in the District Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 129 objective To Promote the Planting of Multipurpose Tree Species as part of sustainable Forestry Management Strategies Programme Output indicator Source of Annual Target Responsible Information Agency 1 2 3 4 5 1 Identification of (land) Land identified Forestry 1 1 1 1 1 Ministry of Lands and sites for Nurseries and Beacons Department, Natural Resources Establishment placed on the MOCTA and Kafue and Line Ministries ground Council 2 Preparation of sites 4 hactares Kafue District 0.5 ha 0.5 0.5ha 0.5 0.5 ha (Land) Identified land Council, Traditional ha ha prepared Leadership 3 Buying of polythene pots 100, 000 Forestry 20 20 20 20 20 and seed collection, Seedlings begin to Department, potfilling and Soil germinate Ministry of Collection Agriculture 4 Conduct intensive Forest 80% Reduction of Forestry and Local 48 48 48 48 48 Forestry Department patrols on both state and charcoal moving Leadership customary areas without permits Conduct community 10 Committees on Forestry 4 4 4 4 trainings and community Department sensitization meetings forestry formed headquaters Establishing of 50 % Increase in Ministry of 10 10 10 10 10 Forestry Department Agroforestry demo plots or households Agriculture, Forestry & Line Ministries people Adopting Department of Smart Agriculture Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 130 Objective To promote climate smart agricultural diversification strategies programmes Output indictors Annual targets Responsible 1 2 3 4 5 Capacity building Conduct farmer trainings in Number of farmers trained 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Agriculture in climate smart climate smart crop agricultural diversification production Conduct farmer trainings in Number of farmers trained 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 climate smart farm mechanization Conduct farmer trainings in Number of farmers trained 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 water efficient irrigation Conduct trials Number of trial 80 80 80 80 80 demonstrations in drought demonstration resistant crops Enhancing crop Production of monthly Number of weather 12 12 12 12 12 Agriculture early warning weather forecasts reports produced management system Conduct routine crop pest Number of samples 400 400 400 400 400 and disease monitoring and collected/ analysed surveillance Promotion of crop Sensitization of crop Number of farmers 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Agriculture value chain market farmers on value chain sensitized linkages market linkages Facilitation of the building Number of productive 80 80 80 80 80 of crop productive alliances alliances formed Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 131 Objective To improve livestock production and productivity strategy Programme Output Source of Target (Years) Responsible indicator Information Agency 1 2 3 4 5 Capacity Conduct farmer training Number of Veterinary/ 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 Fisheries/ Livestock building in in climate smart livestock Livestock climate smart livestock disease farmers livestock prevention and trained production management Conduct farmer training Number of Veterinary/ 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 in climate smart animal livestock Livestock husbandry practices farmers trained Restocking of small Number of Livestock 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 livestock through pass- rural on mechanism households given livestock packs Enhancing Conduct routine Number of Veterinary/ 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200 Fisheries/ Livestock livestock early livestock and pest and samples Livestock warning disease monitoring and collected management surveillance system Promotion of Sensitization of Number of Livestock 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 Fisheries/ Livestock livestock value livestock farmers on livestock chain market value chain market farmers linkages linkages sensitized Facilitation of the Number of Livestock 26 26 26 26 26 Fisheries/ Livestock building of livestock productive productive alliances alliances Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 132 Objective To promote climate smart aquaculture practices strategies programmes Output indicator Annual targets Responsible 1 2 3 4 5 Capacity building Conduct farmer training in Number of fish farmers 500 500 500 500 500 Fisheries/ in climate smart climate smart aquaculture trained Livestock aquaculture practices production Conduct farmer training in Number of fish farmers 500 500 500 500 500 climate smart fish disease trained prevention and management Enhancing Conduct routine fish pest Number of samples 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Fisheries/ aquaculture early and disease monitoring and collected Livestock warning surveillance management system Promotion of Sensitization of fish farmers Number of fish farmers 400 400 400 400 400 Fisheries/ aquaculture on value chain market sensitized Livestock value chain linkages market linkages Facilitation of the building of Number of productive 20 20 20 20 20 fish-productive alliances alliances Enhancing Construct fish cold-chain Number of fish-cold 0 1 0 1 0 Fisheries/ investment in facility chain facilities Livestock aquaculture infrastructure Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 133 Goal 3: Improve transportation Infrastructure by 2030 Objective To develop and maintain air, rail and road transport infrastructure strategy Programme Output indicator Source of Annual targets Responsible Information 1 2 3 4 5 Agency To provide an Upgrade of roads to climate Number of kilometres Kafue Town 0 50 50 50 50 Kafue Town efficient resilient and bituminous standards upgraded Council Council/RDA transport and maintenance of roads system Rehabilitation and opening up of Number of kilometres Kafue Town 0 50 50 75 75 climate resilient feeder roads Council Construction of a bus station Number of bus stations Kafue Town 0 0 1 0 0 Council Development and upgrading of an Number of airstrips Kafue Town 0 0 0 0 1 airstrip Council Modernisation and expansion of Number of kilometres Kafue Town 0 0 50 50 50 the rail transport network Council Mobilize Advertisement and stakeholder Number of kilometres Kafue Town 0 0 0 1 1 Ministry of resources for engagement for PPP for Council finance road investment in infrastructure infrastructure development development Objective Build capacity in stakeholders to conduct routine maintenance and expansion of roads, rail and air transport infrastructure. Project Activities Output indicator Source of Annual targets Responsible Informati Agency on 1 2 3 4 5 Increase the capacity of Engagement of staff in Capacity Number of staff 0 50 50 50 50 Kafue Town stakeholders to upgrade Development Programs and trained Council/RDA gravel roads to other training programs Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 134 bituminous standards Procurement of equipment Number of 4 5 5 5 6 and carry out routine equipment maintenance procured Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 135 Goal 4: Promote investments in the Tourism sector Objective To promote tourism value chain by strengthening positive linkages between tourism and supporting services a strategies programmes Output indicator Source of Annual targets Responsible Information 1 2 3 4 5 Develop tourism Upgrading of roads leading to Kilometres of KTC Annual 1 1 1 1 1 KTC/RDA infrastructure tourists attractions road upgraded Report Setting up of tourism centres in No. of Tourism KTC Annual 2 1 1 1 four wards centres setup Report Lobby for financial Support to No. of Meetings KTC Annual 2 2 2 2 2 improve tourism infrastructure conducted Report and sites Documentation of Undertaking road and TV shows No. of shows Shows aired 4 4 4 4 4 KTC potential tourism marketing the tourists sites in the aired sites in the district district Conduct cultural nights to No. of Cultural KTC Annual 1 1 1 1 1 support local tourism and arts night events Report held land for tourism Identify and secure land for Hectare of land KTC Annual 5 5 5 5 5 KTC/ZTB investment tourism investment secured Report Map all potential and existing No. of tourism KTC Annual 1 1 1 tourism sites in the district sites mapped Report Develop a tourism master plan Tourism Master KTC Annual 1 plan for Kafue Report Developed Community Undertake public campaigns to No. of KTC Annual 4 4 4 4 4 KTC/ZTB participation and raise create awareness, and campaigns Report Niche-product sensitize educate the local carried out development and communities about tourism rural tourism issues an Development of local markets No. of Market KTC Annual 1 2 2 1 1 selling tourism products shelters Report constructed for tourism Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 136 products Advocate for diversification in the No. of advocacy KTC Annual 1 1 1 1 1 sector events/meetings Report conducted Lobby for technical and financial No. of CRBS KTC Annual 4 4 4 4 4 support to Community Resource supported Report Boards (CRBs), Goal 5: Promote investments in alternative sources of energy Objective To increase investment in renewable energy strategies programmes Output Source of Target (Years) Responsible indicator Information Agency 1 2 3 4 5 Promote Identify PPP Partners No. of KTC Annual 1 1 1 1 1 KTC in renewable energy PPPs in Report at local and national place levels Formulation of PPPs Identify and provide Hectares KTC Annual 2 2 2 2 2 KTC Investment Models land for setting up of of land Report in Renewable Energy demonstration sites secured for energy for Demo technological models sites Identify land for No. of KTC Annual 1 1 1 1 1 KTC building a centre for sites Report renewable energy identified learn Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 137 Goal 6: Enhance human development through Health and education Objective equitable access and quality through improved infrastructure and teacher training strategy programmes Output Source of Annual targets Responsible indicator Information 1 2 3 4 5 Constructions of Identification of stalled School No. of TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA Council Primary, construction projects schools DEBS annual DEBS secondary identified report schools and staff Houses in the Identification of land for schools Hectares of DEBS annual 10 10 10 10 10 Infrastructure district land report Department identified Construction of Schools and staff No. of Staff DEBS annual TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA Ministry of houses Houses report Lands and Constructed Natural Resources Construction of Boarding schools No. of DEBS annual 1 1 1 1 1 DEBS boarding report schools constructed Construction of Dining Halls No. of Dining DEBS annual 1 1 1 1 1 DEBS halls report constructed Construction of Staff Toilets No. of staff DEBS annual TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA DEBS Specialised Classrooms toilets report constructed Setting up of additional classroom No. of DEBS annual 5 5 5 5 5 DEBS blocks additional report news classroom blocks constructed Development of Designs and Bill Of No. of BoQs Appproved 5 5 5 5 5 DEBS Quantities for the schools completed BOQ and approved Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 138 Maintenance ad Identification of all school needing No. of DEBS annual 5 5 5 5 5 DEBS refurbishment of refurbishment schools report school identified infrastructure of Development of proposals seeking No. of Proposals 10 10 10 10 10 DEBS educational support proposals Developed developed Construction of support No. of non- DEBS Annual 4 4 4 4 4 Infrastructure infrastructure for educational classroom report Department services based infrastructure constructed Education Productions of educational materials No. of Materials 15000 15000 15000 DEBS promotion on values of education materials produced Campaigns produced Community drama series on No. of DEBs Annual DEBS education educational Report shows Formation of education awareness No. of task DEBs Annual 16 16 16 16 16 KTC task teams in the rural wards teams Report formed Partnerships with Headmen on No. of KTC Annual 2 2 2 2 2 Traditional monitoring of school attendance partnerships Report leadership formed with headmen Objective To improve on water and Sanitation coverage Strategies programmes Output Source of Annual targets Responsible Agency indicators Information 1 2 3 4 5 District administration and Promote Private Stakeholder No. of KTC Annual 4 4 4 2 2 Lusaka water and sanitation public engagements Stakeholder report company partnerships in and CSR engagements Water and in 16 wards sanitation coverage Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 139 Objective To improve access to Health facilities and quality Services staff to enhance access to PHC Building of Small water No. of small Warma 2 2 2 3 3 Water Resources industrial bore schemes water Annual Development and local holes distribution Reports authority schemes in place Community wide Strengthening Establishments 4 4 4 2 2 KTC sanitation / CLTS of Community of CLTS/SLTS CLTS/SLTS in 16 wards Groups Safe water supply Water quality No. of water MOH annual 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 DHO,NWASCO and Water monitoring points tested report Resources dev. Borehole No. of MOH annual 50 50 50 50 50 KTC /DHO improvement/ Boreholes report Mechanization improved Mapping of Black/Gray MOH annual 1 1 1 1 1 KTC /DHO Blackish/ Grey water Maps report water areas produced Distribution of No.of MOH annual 10,000 12000 12000 12000 12000 KTC /DHO Chlorine to households report households receiving chlorine Public Heath Conduct No. of MOH annual · 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 KTC /DHO Inspections Premises and premises report Food inspected Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 140 strategies programmes Output Source of Annual target Responsible indicator Information 1 2 3 4 5 Agency Infrastructure Identification of land for the Hectares of MOH annual 2 3 3 3 3 MOH/KTC development construction of health facilities land reports identified for health centres Construction of facilities (Health No. of health MOH annual 2 3 3 3 3 MOH posts, Health Centre’s) facilities reports constructed Capacity Undertake TOT Conduct TOTs MOH annual 40 40 40 40 40 MOH/DHO building trainings in all reports health posts Recommend officers for short No. of staff MOH annual 20 20 20 20 20 MOH training courses recommended reports for trainings and place on training programmes Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 141 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The IDP Team 1. Lusaka Provincial Planning Authority 2. Anthony G. Phiri District Planning Officer 3. Kelvin Chama Deputy Council Secretary 4. Samuel Daka District Chiefs and Traditional Affairs Officer 5. Collins Kalonde Council Treasurer 6. Enock Syabbalo Ag. District Health Director 7. Kabwe Chileshe Director of Works 8. Perfecto B. Kabanshi District Fisheries and Livestock Coordinator 9. George Banda Chief Committee Clerk 10.Leah Chiti Tembo Town Planner 11.Vincent Siakalambwa District Forestry Officer 12.Karsten Matabishi District Water Resources Development Officer 13.Thebuho K. MatokwaniDistrict Social Welfare Officer 14.Judith Muyengwa Senior Health Inspector 15.Leah M. Mumbi District Community Development Officer 16.Thelma S. Musonda Ag. Planner 17.Shupekile Mwale District Cultural Officer 18.Evans Ngalande District Education Planning Officer 19.Elizabeth Liche Senior Agricultural Officer 20.Victoria Mutungwa Traditional Affairs Officer 21.Chopa Chota Deputy Director of Works 22.Mwenya Nsama District Works Supervisor 23.Ernest Kaunda Assistant Land Surveyor Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 142 Special thanks to CNS Urban Consultants Ltd Experts 1. Nina N Hamakowa Team Leader 2. Ndiwa Mutelo Statistician 3. Dr. Gilbert Siame Researcher 4. Gillie Cheelo GIS Expert 5. Limpo Mubita Civil Engineer 6. Glenn M Mwika Land Surveyor Support Staff at CNS 7. Cooper Chibomba Project Manager 8. Clayton Lumwaya Project Officer, GIS 9. David Kalumba Project Officer, Technical and GIS 10.Eric Chibomba Researcher Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 143 Table 15: Analysis of Policies affecting Preparation of IDP Document Strategic/Key Focus Implication For Planning Vision 2030 This document provides a long-range development aspiration of mak- The IDP shall be aligned to the Vision ing Zambia a prosperous middle-income nation by 2030. It 2030 and explore ways of making di- provides opportunities for improving the well-being of all, embodying rect contributions to the realization of values of socio-economic justice, underpinned by the principles of: (i) the Vision. All goals to be integrated in gender responsive sustainable development; (ii) democracy; (iii) re- nature to allow for inclusiveness of all. spect for human rights; (iv) good traditional and family values; (v) positive attitude towards work; (vi) peaceful co-existence and; (vii) private-public partnerships. 7th National The 7NDP for the period 2017- 2021 is aimed at attaining the long- The IDP must take into account the Development Plan term objectives outlined in the Vision 2030 of becoming a “prosperous key objectives of the 7NDP in the de- (7NDP) middle-income country by 2030. It provides for a multi-sectoral devel- sign of its proposals to ensure that opment approach that recognizes the multi-faceted and interlinked there is spatial correlation with the nature of sustainable development. The 7NDP calls for a coordinated national development programmes approach to implementing development programmes. The goal of the implemented by stakeholders. seventh national development plan is to create a diversified and resili- ent economy for sustained growth and socio-economic transfor- mation. The plan has 5 strategic development focus areas commonly referred to as pillars namely;(1) Economic Diversification and Job Cre- ation, (2) Poverty and Vulnerability Reduction (3) Reducing Develop- mental Inequalities (4) Enhancing Human Development and (5) Creat- ing a conducive governance environment for diversified and inclusive growth Decentralization The long term vision of Government is to achieve a fully decentralized All matters relating to planning pro- Policy and democratically elected system of governance characterized by cess, institutional arrangements must open, predictable and transparent policy making and implementation be taken into account in the IDP pro- processes at all levels of the public service, effective local community cess. Emphasis for planning is to en- participation in decision-making and development administration while sure that planning activities are taken maintaining sufficient linkages between central and local government. at appropriate local level. The decentralisation policy has now been crystalized by the Constitu- tion Act No. 2 of 2016. Tourism Provides for sustenance of the economic well-being and enhanced Proposals in the IDP must be aligned Policy quality of life for Zambians through Government led, private sector to the national strategies on tourism driven, quality product developments that are consistent with the pro- and must have a direct buy-in to the Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 144 tection of the unique natural and cultural heritage. It also provides for key strategies in the national policy to local communities, as traditional custodians of Zambia's natural and avoid conflict. cultural heritage of land to have a vital role and responsibility in sus- tainable tourism development. National The document sets clear directions for the development of the health All proposals in the IDP relating to Health sector in Zambia and proposes strategies and programmes in the health must be appropriately aligned to Policy health sector. It takes into consideration various regional and interna- the policy and key strategies at the tional instruments, protocols and commitments which will ensure that local level must contribute to national Zambia’s health programmes are integrated with the regional and goals in the health sector. global health system. Government has prioritized primary health care services, hospital referral services, human resource development and management, medical supplies and logistics, infrastructure develop- ment, legal framework and health care financing. National The document guides the development of the agriculture sector and The IDP must make special considera- Agricultural Policy sets out laws relating to domestic agriculture and imports of foreign tion for areas for agricultural develop- 2016 – 2021 (Draft) agricultural products. It takes into consideration the primary, second- ment and for the promotion of high ary and tertiary processes in agricultural production and provides for value crops, food crops and livestock, attention to the concerns regarding the failure to increase rural in- aquaculture and all forms of agricul- comes and reduce poverty, failure to achieve inclusive growth, the ture. Considerations must be made for perpetual agricultural financing and marketing challenges; and climate urban agriculture to supply urban cen- change associated with erratic rainfall patterns. tres and provide incomes. Education This national policy on education is conceived on the basis of the Principles and standards already in Policy democratic principles of efficiency, equity, accountability and cost ef- place in making proposals for the im- fectiveness. The goal of the education policy is “education for all” re- provement of the sector must be relied gardless of their status, disability, sex, residence etc. It emphasizes upon. Key issues the IDP must ad- partnerships with other stakeholders such as: NGOs, Faith Based Or- dress include location of schools and ganisations, individuals and parents in the provision of inclusive edu- access including land for expansion cation for all. The policy considers gender, HIV and disabilities to be and development of the schools at all among priority cross-cutting issues that need to be integrated in plan- levels from early child education ning. through to tertiary education These facilities should be duly situated so as to enhance accessibility. Climate Change The National Climate Change Policy provides the country with home IDP must recognize climate change Policy grown initiatives targeted at minimizing the impact of climate change issues for mitigation and adaptation on national development. It supports and facilitates a coordinated measures. Gender must be a critical response to climate change by re-aligning its climate sensitive sectors concern and must be addressed as of the economy and society. The policy also provides stakeholders part of Climate change adaptation and with a clearer framework on how to tackle climate change and vulner- mitigation. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 145 ability in Zambia. Disability Provides for the consideration of persons living with disability. The Equitable access for persons must be Policy policy is aimed at making sure the persons living with disabilities also incorporated in design to facilitate live decent and productive lives without any barriers. It promotes access for all persons living with equal opportunities in the provision of basic needs and human wants; disability in the development of Kafue. non-discrimination and accessibility to services such as quality health care, education and skills as well adequate standard of living and social protection. Gender It aims to ensure the attainment of gender equality in the IDP must ensure voices of women are Policy development process by redressing the existing gender imbalances in heard and are accorded equal oppor- the nation, providing equal opportunities for women and men to tunity in identifying issues and priori- actively participate and contribute to, as well as equitably benefit from ties for their communities. The plan- national development. It also addresses gender-based violence, ning process must deliberately ensure human trafficking, drug abuse and trafficking; gender disparities in that women actively participate as positions of decision making; emerging health issues affecting mostly stakeholders in the consultations. women and girls and the negative impact of climate change. Housing A policy to guide the development of adequate affordable housing for The issue of land for housing develop- Policy all income groups in the country. It provides for making serviced land ment is a critical issue that requires the available for housing development and streamlining the land allocation state, traditional leaders, private sector system; streamlining building standards; encouraging the production and the local authority to partner for and use of local and affordable building materials; helping the poor housing. Effective demand for housing acquire decent shelter; fostering functional, healthy, aesthetically must be established. Land for housing pleasant, and environmentally friendly; and preparing a national hous- should be considered for current and ing implementation strategy. future populations. Industrialization It sets out guidelines and regulations that the government should Kafue was declared as a Steel and Iron Policy follow and implement in order to attain industrial development. The Zone by the Republican President, Mr. policy aims to stimulate growth, diversification, upgrading and Edgar C Lungu due to the potent of competitiveness of Zambia’s manufacturing sector by driving the steel and iron to power the district, transformation process which will assist the country deliver province and country at large. Special sustainable jobs, equitable growth and wide spread poverty reduction. considerations must be made to ensure It also sets strategic guidelines that facilitate industrial growth and Steel and Iron industry thrives. create an enabling economic environment for manufacturers, local and international. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 146 National Cultural Culture is one of the fundamental dimensions of development. Integrating culture in the IDP is Policy Cultural development constitutes one of the essential instruments of essential for the promotion of socio- general development and the improvement of quality of life. This economic empowerment and policy is aimed at facilitating participation by all in the creation and preservation of culture for sustainable enjoyment of our cultural wealth. It also propagates the participation human development. of all stakeholders in the development and promotion of the Zambian culture. National Trade National Trade Policy was established to enhance domestic trade and IDP must take into account Trade Policy ensure effective participation of private sector players in regional and Policy measures aimed at handling international trade. The Trade Policy highlights the importance of trade related constraints, with a view eliminating barriers to trade and providing an enabling environment in to promoting production for export and which the private sector thrives and build capacity to produce quality diversify the economy through local goods and services competitively, reliably, and on a sustainable basis. economic development (LED). 1b. Summary of Selected legislation Document Strategic/Key Focus Implication for Planning The Constitution This is the supreme law of Zambia with which any other written law, All proposals in the IDP, must be of Zambia customary law and customary practice are consistent. It upholds human consistent with the provisions of the rights and fundamental freedoms of every person while committing the constitution. Proposals must at all times compatriots to upholding the principles of democracy and good governance adhere to national values espoused in the to ensure that the values relating to family, morality, patriotism and justice constitution. are maintained and all functions of the state are performed in the common interest of the citizens. The constitution affirms the equal worth of women and men and their right to freely participate in, determine and build a sustainable political, legal, economic and social order. Urban and This Act provides for development, planning and administration principles, This is the principal Act as far as Urban Regional standards and requirements for urban and regional planning processes and and Regional Planning is concerned. Planning Act of systems, a framework for administering and managing urban and regional Formulation of IDPs is established under 2015 planning, guidelines, systems and processes for urban and regional this Act. The Act makes provision for all planning, establishes a democratic, accountable, transparent, participatory stages in the preparation of IDPs namely; and inclusive process for urban and regional planning. It also ensures Planning Programme, Planning Survey functional efficiency and socioeconomic integration by providing for and Issues Report, Development integration of activities, uses and facilities, establishes procedures for Framework, Implementation Plan and preparation, adoption and approval of IDPs. The Urban and Regional public consultation process. The Act also Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 147 Planning Act of 2015 repealed the Town and Country Planning Act, 1962, provides for planning agreements that and the Housing (Statutory and Improvement Areas) Act, 1975. could be utilised in the development of customary land. Lands Act of The Act vests all land in the Republic in the President and further provides The IDP will create and alter land uses in 1995 for the alienation of land and states that the President may alienate land implementing the SDF; both state land vested in him to any Zambian, or non-Zambian under specific and customary land will be affected. circumstances. It also provides tenure periods for state land. The Act states Private property rights and cadastre that the President shall not alienate any land situated in a district or an area arrangements and therefore must take where land is held under customary tenure without first consulting and into account during implementation. getting the approval of the Chief and the local authority. The Act provides guidance on matters relating to land in a game management area or protected forest and provides for persons or body whose interest might be affected by the grant of a title to be consulted Environmental The Environmental Management Act of 2011 provides for integrated The IDP planning process requires that a Management Act environmental management and the protection and conservation of the strategic environmental assessment of 2011 environment and the sustainable management and use of natural resources; (SEA)is carried out as part of the process. Provides for the prevention and control of pollution and environmental The SDF must take into account results of degradation; Provides for public participation in environmental decision the SEA and provisions of this Act. making and access to environmental information. Furthermore, the Act provides for several assessments and procedures relating to various projects. Mines and The mining sector is governed and regulated by the Mines and Minerals All existing mining interests in both state Minerals Development Act 2015, which covers types of mining rights, acquisition of and customary land of Kafue district to be Development Act mining rights, rights/obligations conferred on the mining right holder, recognised so that SDF proposals are not of 2015 transferability of mining rights, safety, health and environment in conflict with mining rights. requirements, and provides for the environmental protection fund, mineral royalties, fees and charges, and exports. Forestry Act of The Forestry Act of 2015 provides for the establishment and declaration of The IDP Process and Implementation 2015 National Forests, Local Forests, joint forest management areas, botanical should put in place measures to manage reserves, private forests and community forests; Provide for the forest resources sustainably while participation of local communities, local authorities, traditional institutions, allowing for participation of key non-governmental organizations and other stakeholders in sustainable forest stakeholders. The SDF must consider management; Provide for the conservation and use of forests and trees for ecological sensitive areas and endangered the sustainable management of forests ecosystems and biological diversity; Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 148 Provide for the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate tree species. Change, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Land Acquisition This Act provides for the compulsory acquisition of land and property in The IDP must take into account any Act Cap 189 of public interest. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the President may, undeveloped land particularly parcels of the Laws of whenever desirable or expedient in the interests of the Republic land that are strategic for the Zambia compulsorily acquire any property of any description. The Act further development of public infrastructure and provides for matters relating to compensation on land that has been other community facilities. SDF and CIP to take into account the potential costs. compulsorily acquired and the conditions under which such power may be exercised by the President. All matters pertaining to the acquisition of undeveloped and unutilized land are also provided for in the Act. National Heritage This Act defines the functions and powers of the Commission; Provides for During the IDP Planning process, Conservation the conservation of ancient, cultural and natural heritage, relics and other stakeholders may highlight places and Cap 173 of the objects of aesthetic, historical, prehistorically, archaeological or scientific sites of historical cultural heritage such as Laws of Zambia interest; Provides for the Regulation of archaeological excavations and shrines, tombs or any other objects that export of relics and other objects of aesthetic, historical, prehistorically, might be covered under this Act. archaeological or scientific interest; Provides for the regulation of archaeological excavations and export of relics; regulates the access of the public to any heritage which is the property of the Commission or which by agreement with the owner is under its control. Table 16: International Conventions and treaties ratified by Zambia Document Strategic/Key Focus Implication for Planning United Nations A shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, Particular attention will be given to Sustainable now and into the future. There are 17 SDGs, which are an urgent call SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Development for action by all countries both developed and developing. SDGs Communities. Zambia is urbanising Goals (SDGs) recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand- rapidly and adequate provisions 2015 - 2030 in-hand with strategies that improve health and education, reduce needed to ensure No one is left inequality, and spur economic growth while tackling climate change behind. and working to preserve our land, forest and other resources. Kafue integrated Development Plan 2022-2032 149 New Urban A shared vision for a better and more sustainable future, one in which Zambia currently has No Urbanization Agenda (NUA) all people have equal rights and access to the benefits and Policy. All the spatial development opportunities that cities can offer, and in which the international plans will need to take into account community reconsiders the urban systems and physical form of our climate design in buildings and how urban spaces. NUA lays out standards and principles for the planning, we manage our urban spaces is not an construction, development, management, and improvement of urban option but an imperative areas. It also underlines the linkages between good urbanization and job creation, livelihood opportunities, and improved quality of life, which should be included in every urban renewal policy and strategy. The Paris A framework for achieving a net-zero emissions of Green House Gases Climate change issues must be taken Agreement (GHG) in the second half of this century; Encourages development into account at all levels of the mechanisms for private and public entities to support sustainable planning process. Actions for development projects that generate transferrable emission reductions; adaptation and mitigation of local Provides for enhancing climate change mitigation measures; Provides climate change must be expressed for for requirement for mitigation measures of individual countries to be all stakeholders. expressed in nationally determined contributions; A global goal of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change, and to providing enhanced support for adaptation. Agenda 2063 An African vision for a prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth No one must be left behind on social and sustainable development by the African Union. It calls for and economic development regardless improvement of living standards for local communities, access to of their status, age, sex, disability, education for all, discourage any form of discrimination, and embrace religion etc. All actions to improve food development potential for all in a sustainable manner; embraces security and food systems and modern agricultural systems for increased productivity and enhanced integrated at all levels of the food security, protection of the environment, good governance, community. democracy, and respect for human rights, justice and the rule of law, citizen participation in social economic and political development and management, enhancing cultural assets, empowering women and the youth. 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