National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016 – 2020

1. To support waste management and pollution control activities with practical, effective, enforceable legislation

2. To make waste management systems and programmes financially self-sustaining (establish incentive schemes that implement the polluter pays principle by encouraging cleaner production and waste recovery).

3. To develop skilled and trained people in Vanuatu to effectively manage waste management and pollution control systems

4. To reduce the amount of waste generated at source and land filled.

5. To implement effective waste collection and disposal throughout Vanuatu and limit the impact of waste and pollution on urban areas and ecosystems.

6. To improve waste and pollution control management, infrastructure and support sustainable operation and maintenance.

7. To better coordinate national waste management activities and ensure that the National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy is implemented and periodically reviewed and updated to achieve the stated goal and purpose.

8. To increase public awareness on their waste management responsibilities.

9. To introduce and enhance community participation on waste management. Strategy Development Process: The following steps were taken to prepare the NWMS with the assistance of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA): National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 13 (1) Original NWMS  Holding a 5-day consultation workshop in Port Vila from 16-20 March 2009. This was attended by approximately 25 stakeholders from government ministries and departments, private sector, NGOs and community groups;  Preparation of a draft of the strategy by SPREP based on information from the consultation workshop;  One-day consultation workshop on 10 March 2010 to refine and finalize the strategy. (2) Revised NWMS  Holding a one day workshop in February 2014 to discuss on the achievements of the NWMS;  Drafting the revised National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and requesting comments from Stakeholders;  Discussion of the revised National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy at a workshop in November 2015 to refine and finalize the revised strategy.  Holding a one day final seminar presentation in April 2016 in Port Vila to discuss and finalize the implementation plans of the strategy Time frame: The original strategy covered the period 2011-2016 and its implementation was to be coordinated by the DEPC of the government of Vanuatu. However due to lack of human resources within DEPC the implementation of the strategy could not be sufficiently implemented. The strategy called for a mid-term review, which has been included in the on-going J-PRISM project. As a result of the review, this revised five year strategy has been prepared “National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020”. Monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the strategy will be undertaken by the DEPC using the format proposed in Appendix 2, and updated as necessary. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 14 A] WHERE ARE WE NOW?

1. Policies and legislation I. Policies The following national policies address the issues of Waste Management and Pollution Control (WMPC): - National Sustainable Development Plan 2030 (NSDP) - National Environment Policy and Action Plans 2030 (NEPIP) - National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAP) - Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy (2016-2030) II. Legislations The following national legislations addresses the issue of Waste Management and Pollution Control (WMPC) - Waste Management Act. No. 24 of 2014 - Pollution Control Act. No. 10 of 2013 - Environmental Protection and Conservation and Conservation Act [Cap 283] III. Relevant Regional Policies - Regional Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy 2016-2025 “ Cleaner Pacific 2025” - SAMOA Pathway for sustainable development goals National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 15 IV. Relevant International Conventions or Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) MEA Date ratified, Focal Ratification, accession, approval or acceptance legislation acceded, Point approved or accepted Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2005 DEPC Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (Ratification) Act No. 12 of 2005 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Stockholm, 22 May 2001 Adoption of Amendment to Annex A (Ratification) Act No. 5 of 2014 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Stockholm, 22 May 2001 Adoption of Amendments to Annexes A, B and C (Ratification) Act No. 6 of 2014 Convention to Ban the Importation into Forum Island 2007 DEPC Waigani Convention (Ratification) Act No. 16 of 2007 Countries of Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes and to Control the Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within the South Pacific Region (Waigani Convention) International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from 1989 DoPM Maritime (Conventions) Act [Cap. 155] Ships (MARPOL) Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 1994 DEPC Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Ratification) Act No.3 of 1994 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone 1994 DEPC Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Layer (Ratification) Act No.4 of 1994 The 1997 Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the Ozone Layer (Ratification) Act No. 21 of 2010 The 1999 Beijing Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on / / ~ - - - - - - -/- -16 National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES MEA Date ratified, Focal Ratification, accession, approval or acceptance legislation acceded, Point approved or accepted substances that deplete the Ozone Layer (Ratification) Act No. 20 of 2010 *Other important relevant conventions yet to be ratified include; Basel Convention, Rotterdam Convention and Minamata Convention Basel Convention is the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal. It is also an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous wastes between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs). It is important that Vanuatu government ratify this convention to ensure there is control of imported materials into the country such as second hand tyres and vehicles etc. due to lack of disposal or treatment facilities here. Ratification of this convention will also allow Vanuatu to export its hazardous waste materials which cannot be treated within, such as lead acid batteries, to other regional member countries for further recycling and treatment purposes. Rotterdam convention (on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade) is a multilateral treaty to promote shared responsibilities in relation to importation of hazardous chemicals. It is important that Vanuatu has a consent procedure for imports for certain hazardous chemicals into the country and to ensure there is an update National Chemical Profile. The Minamata Convention on Mercury is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from the adverse effects of mercury. The Convention draws attention to a global and ubiquitous metal that, while naturally occurring, has broad uses in everyday objects and is released to the atmosphere, soil and water from a variety of sources. Controlling the anthropogenic releases of mercury throughout its lifecycle has been a key factor in shaping the obligations under the Convention. Major highlights of the Minamata Convention include a ban on new mercury mines, the phase-out of existing ones, the phase out and phase down of mercury use in a number of products and processes, control measures on emissions to air and on releases to land and water, and the regulation of the informal sector of artisanal and small-scale gold mining. The Convention also addresses interim storage of mercury and its disposal once it becomes waste, sites contaminated by mercury as well as health issues. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 17

2. Technical capacity Developing technical capacity for Provinces and Municipalities remains a national priority if they are to achieve nationally-sustainable waste and pollution management. The AFD Regional Solid Waste Initiative has been instrumental in developing and delivering a regional waste management training-of-trainers (TOT) programme, with additional delivery supported by the GEF-PAS POPs Release Reduction Project in collaboration with the Fiji Nation National University (FNU) in Suva. Also through J-PRISM project Ni-Vanuatu have been trained in Japan and in the region, developed and mentored as waste management specialist, and are now utilized as resourced persons in other training programmes.

3. Institutional arrangements The lead agency for waste management and pollution control issues in the national government is the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation (DEPC) under the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation, Meteorology, Geo-Hazards, Environment and Energy (MCCA). Within the DEPC, the waste management and pollution control functions are carried out by the Division of Environmental Protection. In mid June 2014, the laws for Waste Management and Pollution Control were gazetted. The Waste Management Act No. 24 of 2014 defines who the Designated Waste Management Operators (DWMO) is. Under the Act, DWMO are the Provincial councils and the Municipal councils. The functions of the designated waste management operators are defined in sections 19, 20, 21 and 22. See Appendix 3. Under the Pollution Control Act pollutants discharge from occupants of premises (including treatment plants) are required to take a permit before discharging pollutants into the environment. The Director of DEPC is mandated under the Act to develop and enforce prescribed guidelines and standards for premises, vehicles, vessels or aircrafts to discharge pollutants.

4. Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) Generation and composition Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSW) in Vanuatu is managed by Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC), LMC (Luganville Municipal Council) and LTMC (Lenakel Town Municipal Council). One of the activities under phase 1 of J-PRISM Project was to carryout waste characterisation studies within the three municipalities to determine the amount and composition of waste generated. The data obtained during waste characterization surveys is useful for the organizations future planning to improve waste management within their respective service areas. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 18 Table 2: Domestic Waste Composition in the three municipalities (2014) Waste Category PVMC LMC LTMC Comment Vegetable/Putrescible 51% 51% 79% Yard 12% 5% Yard waste not separated in PVMC survey Paper 5% 2% 2% Cardboard 2% Textiles 2% Others Others Textiles not separated for LMC and LTMC Plastics 15% 13% 5% LMC: separated into PET1 & HDPE2, and LDPE6. PET Bottles 1% 6% LTMC: Plastics Aluminum Cans 1% 3% 6% LTMC: separated into Metal Tin & other Metals 5% 5% Glass ceramic 3% 3% Nappies 18% Not separated in LMC and LTMC surveys Others 0% 3% 0% Source: JPRISM Team, 2015 Table two above shows that majority of the produced domestic waste is food waste followed by plastics, aluminum and tin containers. The data suggests that a strong recycling program focusing on the traditional recyclables (paper, plastics and glass) would go a long way to reducing the amount of waste ending up at the landfill. Encouraging the separation of kitchen and yard waste at the household level to feed animals or for composting, would further reduce waste to landfill. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 19 Reduction, Reuse, Recycling and Return (3R + Return) Recycling activities is not done in Vanuatu. In Port Vila, a private recycle company known as Recycle Corp Vanuatu collects and pay materials such as Copper (Cu), Brass, Aluminium (Al), Gear box, lead acid batteries, stainless steel, compressors, brass radiators, aluminium radiators and electric motors for storage and then export to overseas for further processing. Other electronic wastes such as old computers, keyboards, CPU and monitors are collected for free. Table 3: Price of collected recyclable materials, March 2015 Name of Recycling Company Recycling item Value (Vatu) Recycle Corp Vanuatu Copper (Cu) 200vt/kg Brass 120vt/kg Aluminum (Al) 40vt/kg Gear Box 10vt/kg Lead acid batteries 10vt/kg Stainless steel 40vt/kg Compressors 10vt/kg Brass radiators 120vt/kg Aluminum radiators 100vt/kg Electric motors 10vt/kg In addition, there are two brewers/bottling companies in Vanuatu, Vanuatu Brewing Limited and Vanuatu Beverage, and both companies often reuse glass bottles as part of their normal operations. A deposit is paid on each bottle when purchased from wholesale and retail locations and this is refunded when the bottle is returned for reuse. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 20 Wan Small Bag, a Port Vila-based NGO that promotes awareness in certain areas, is also engaged in a community initiative to collect plastics, cans, scrap steel, packaging waste and diapers from seven communities in Port Vila. The recyclable material collected is transported to the recycler (Recycle Corp) and the remainder goes to the Bouffa Landfill. This is a good initiative, however, throughout the country, the integrated waste management approach at the community level, which involves recycling, reuse and waste reduction seems to be absent. PVMC and LMC have introduced projects to separate and compost green wastes from the markets and to separate aluminum cans in the generation areas. PVMC transports the separated market green wastes to Vanuatu Direct, a private company which composts the green waste and uses it in its agricultural activities. LMC has set up a composting facility at the market and is composting the green waste by itself and selling to users. Both PVMC and LMC have set up 3 and 28 cages respectively in different areas of the cities for citizens to separate and discharge their aluminum and tin containers. Recycle Corp purchases the separated containers and transports them to their warehouses for processing and export. The money is used by the communities for social activities. LMC has other programs for separation and collection of toner cartridges and cardboard as well. Waste collection Solid waste collection services are usually provided in the Provincial Centres where the population density tends to be higher than in rural areas. In Port Vila Municipality, waste collection is scheduled for two to three times per week using a combination of compactor vehicles and tipper trucks. In LMC a plan to collect household waste at least one day per week has been introduced in 2015. However, in the other provincial centres smaller pickup trucks are commonly used. In general, the waste collection service can be unreliable and inefficient. The collection routes are now starting to improve using the techniques of time and motion studies and the use of GPS tracking system implemented by PVMC. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 21 PVMC and LMC have also introduced the use of the prepaid bag system to improve their collection services. PVMC uses two different sized yellow bags to collect wastes from residential and commercial areas and buildings. While the LMC only uses one size of red bag to collect wastes from the residents and commercial premises. Luganville red bag begun its implementation in 2012 after a long period of awareness and the establishment of their red-bag bye-law. Port Vila yellow bag system begun in early 2014 with full implementation from September 2015. The main purpose of using the pre-paid bags by the two councils is to encourage source minimization like home composting and aluminium can separation so that final disposal of waste at the dumpsite or landfill is at least minimum. Table 4: Size and price of the Pre-Paid bags practiced by PVMC and LMC Name of Municipal Council Name of Bag Size of Bag Price/Bag (VT) Price/Roll (VT) PVMC Yellow Bag 100kg 100 1,500 (1 70kg 80 850 LMC Red Bag 15kg 80 1,200 70 1,400 (20 bags) 60 30,000 (500 bags/carton) In outer Islands apart from PVMC, LMC and LTMC, collection is done by the provincial council. In most times, collection schedules is often once per month mainly in the provincial centers. For rural areas, there is no proper collection system arranged for wastes. Waste disposal The usual practice of waste disposal is open burning. In Port Vila, most solid wastes are disposed at Bouffa semi-aerobic landfill. In Luganville wastes are disposed in a controlled disposal site managed by the Luganville Municipal Council. In other Provincial centres, wastes are disposed openly at an assigned area. Backyard disposal is still in practice in most homes throughout Vanuatu. Quarantine wastes Quarantine wastes in Port Vila and Luganville are managed by the Department of Biosecurity Vanuatu (DBV) using pickup trucks. The Biosecurity Department in Vila have an incinerator installed in their compounds but due to fuel budget constraints, all quarantine wastes collected from the ports and airports are being treated through open fire burning at the landfill. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 22

5. Hazardous Waste Management (HWM) a) Asbestos Asbestos refers to a group of naturally-occurring fibrous minerals, which were used globally to manufacture construction, insulation, and fire-resistant products. The most common types of asbestos are chrysotile (white asbestos), crociodolite (blue asbestos) and amosite (brown asbestos). Asbestos Containing products Materials (ACM) such as cement water pipes, corrugated roof sheets, floor tiles, wall claddings, and insulation (e.g. boiler insulation), were widely used in the construction sector, prior to being phased-out due to health concerns. Exposures to asbestos fibers causes human cancer of the lung, larynx, and ovaries, and other diseases such as mesothelioma, asbestosis, and plaques. Ni-Vanuatu may unknowingly become exposed to asbestos fibers when working with ACM (e.g. during roof repairs, or boiler repairs), or during the aftermath of a natural disaster involving disturbance and dispersal of ACM. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 23 Table 5: Confirmed asbestos-containing materials in Vanuatu High Risk Moderate Risk Low Risk Very Low Risk Total Estimated 2,000 17,000 300 30 19,330 quantities of confirmed ACM (M2) Source: (Contract Environmental Ltd, Geoscience, 2015) Note: High risk = significant potential to release asbestos fibres if distributed and significant health risk to occupants of affected buildings. The PacWaste project will support removal and disposal of stockpiles, and in-situ remediation of ACM in the affected areas. The affected targeted areas assisted under this project are: Malapoa College, Vila Central Hospital, Onesua Presbyterian College and Paunagisu Health Centre. b) Electrical and Electronic Waste E-waste typically refers to end-of-life electrical and electronic products including computers, printers, photocopy machines, television sets, washing machines, radios, mobile phones and toys, which are made of sophisticated blends of plastics, metals, and other materials. Due to the demand for newer technology, the life-span of electrical and electronic products is progressively decreasing. Consequently, older and out-dated items are becoming obsolete and being discarded in large quantities and at increasing rates worldwide. The extent of the E-waste problem in Vanuatu has not been comprehensively documented, but the limited information available indicates that the use of electrical and electronic equipment is increasing significantly on an annual basis in the country. Electrical and electronic waste contains hazardous but also valuable and scarce materials such as metal and alloys which can be recovered and recycled. Proper management and disposal of E-waste is important to the long-term protection of the environment, as well as to the maintenance of long-term sustainability. PacWaste project also supports the e-waste removal in Vanuatu targeting mobile phones. An MOU is set to be signed by July between DEPC, SPREP, Recycle Corp and TVL to collect used mobiles phones throughout Vanuatu for shipment to overseas for further recycling process. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 24 c) Medical Waste Management Medical wastes generated from the hospitals and health care centres are either incinerated or openly burned in a dumpsite. These wastes include infectious wastes, body part wastes, chemical or pharmaceutical wastes, expired pharmaceuticals, soiled bandages and dressings, contaminated sharps and radioactive and cytotoxic wastes and broken thermometers. There is currently ineffective separation of medical waste at source (hospitals, clinics and health care centres). Landfill dumping or open fire burning of medical wastes is still a common practice in Vanuatu. These may results in unacceptable community health risks and expired drugs may be acquired by children or scavengers if disposed in a landfill or open dump site. On the other hand, Vila Central Hospital, where medical waste incinerators exist, they are often incorrectly operated, have technical problems or there is a lack of trained operators or a shortage of money for diesel fuel – hence open fire burning of the medical waste is a common practice. In 2015, the EU has donated five (5) incinerators to five different hospitals in Vanuatu. These hospitals include; Vila Central Hospital (VCH), Northern District Hospital (NDH), Lolowai Hospital, Norsup Hospital and Lenakel Hospital. Trainings were also conducted for medical wastes and incinerator handlers in these five respective hospitals on February 2016 upon their incinerator installation at the respective hospitals. Table 6: Hazardous HCW generation in Vanuatu Average Daily HCW (kg/occupied bed) I 1.0 Stockpiles (tonnes) I0 Source: Environ Australia Pty Ltd. (2014). Baseline study for the Pacific hazardous waste management project – healthcare waste. Report prepared for the SPREP/EU PacWaste Project. A number of issues were observed during the baseline study at the five respective hospitals in Vanuatu:  Poor record-keeping of wastes volume data by hospitals;  Poor maintenance of existing incinerators due to insufficient funding provisions and lack of appropriate maintenance expertise  Insufficient allocation of resource for general management of HCW  Little understanding of HCW treatment costs; and  Breakdown in communication between national regulatory bodies (Ministries of Health) and principal HCW generators (hospitals). National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 25 The regional PacWaste project funded by the European Union from 2015 – 2020 will mainly address many of these issues for priority hospitals, within the available budget. However, there will continue to be a need for additional interventions (e.g. hospitals not covered by PacWaste, or healthcare waste water) to further reduce the public health risks. d) Used Oil Used oil is any semi-solid or liquid used product consisting totally or partially of petroleum-based or synthetic oil, oily residues from tanks, and oil-water mixtures (Technical Working Group of the Basel Convention, 1997). Used oil includes-but is not restricted to-used engine oils, transmission fluids, refrigeration oils, compressors oils, metal working fluids and oils, electrical insulating oil, and hydraulic fluids. Environmental contamination occurs when used oil is dumped in drains, on the ground, in aquatic environments; used as a dust suppressant or to mark sports fields; applied to wood as a preservative; or burnt in ill-equipped facilities causing the release of uPOPs such as dioxins and furans. There is still no established management system for Used-Oil in Vanuatu. GEFPAS project is currently assisting regional countries to improve management of used oil. In 2013, under the AFD regional project, SPREP has been assisting Vanuatu in developing a management plan for waste oil. Although the project has ended in 2015 and there is still need for further assistance to finish the task between 2016-2017. GEFPAS project will be assisting Vanuatu to complete the project to ensure a Used-Oil stewardship collection system is established in Vanuatu. Table 8: Used Oil Statistics for Vanuatu Theoretical Annual Amount reused or returned overseas on a continual basis (B) Total Recycling/Return Rate Stockpiles (estimated as Generation (A) of 2013/2014) Litres/year Litres/year I Management Method % Litres 247,500 125,000 I Exported to India 51% 0 Source: National Used Oil Audits completed by SPREP during implementation of the SPREP/AFD Regional Solid Waste Management Initiative, and the SPREP/EU Pacific Hazardous Waste Management Project National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 26

6. LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT Liquid waste management especially pollutants discharged by waste water will be covered under this strategy. Vanuatu has uniquely fragile water resources due to its size, lack of natural storage, competing land uses and vulnerability to natural hazards. Pollution of freshwater resources due to settlements and other developments can have a significant impact on public health, quality of life, the environment and on economic development. They main types of liquid wastes and pollutants threatening Vanuatu include increased loads of nutrients, sediments and pesticides in sewage and storm water runoff and in agricultural runoff. Urbanization, rural development, growing populations, climate change and increased demand from industry and agriculture is putting further pressure on the national’s freshwater resources, threatening the long term viability of communities and islands.

7. MARINE & TERRESTRIAL POLLUTION Marine Pollution is recognised as one of the main threats to Vanuatu’s waters. Shipping is a significant source of marine pollution which has been to date the main focus of Vanuatu in developing its NATPLAN. In the last devastating damage caused by Cyclone Pam in early 2015 mainly in SHEFA and TAFEA provinces, a number of ships were wrecked along the shoreline near the Port Vila harbour. National arrangements for ship wrecks removals are still unclear. The Shipping activity is coordinated under the Ports and Marine department. The ship wreck with reports of oil spillage along the Port Vila harbour has caused significant pollution for the marine environment. Other useful regional resources include: National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 27  Pacific Oceans Pollution Prevention Programme (PACPOL) Strategy 2010-2014  Convention on Anti-fouling Systems 2001;  Protocol on Hazardous and Noxious Substances;  Bunkers Convention  Ballast Water Convention 2004  Ship Wreck Removal Convention.  Regional Reception Facilities Plan  Marine Debris Pollution in the Pacific  Pacific Oceans Pollution Prevention Programme (PACPOL) Strategy and Work Plan 2015-2020  Regional Strategy WWII Wrecks  Regional Strategy to address Shipping Related Invasive Marine Pest in the Pacific Islands (SRIMP-Pac)

8. DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT Natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, and tsunamis can generate large quantities of solid and liquid wastes which can pose risks to public health through direct or vector-induced exposure to uncollected hazardous wastes. Waterways, agricultural areas, and communities are also at risk of contamination. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 28 Vanuatu does not have a clear coordination mechanism for disaster waste. In the recent hit by category 5 cyclone Pam in 2015, disaster waste is a big issue for the PVMC, SHEFA and TAFEA Provinces. JICA through J-PRISM project and SPREP have assisted the government to ensure disaster wastes is handled and managed efficiently during that devastating period. Recently, with development of Waste Management Plans by the Provinces and Municipalities it also include disaster waste management activity into their respective plans. National coordination for disaster waste management should be under the National Disaster Management Office also under the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation, Meteorology, Geo-Hazard, Environment and Energy. B] WHERE DO WE WANT TO GET TO? 4.1 Guiding Principles To achieve our vision and goals, the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation and Local government authorities (Province and Municipal councils) will adhere to the following guiding principles (values) in line with the Cleaner Pacific 2025 strategy, in no specific order of priority: Guiding Principle Description PRINCIPLE 1: Reduce, Reuse, Return (3R + Return) In prescribing waste management interventions, the preference shall be to reduce the generation of waste and pollutants; to reuse if appropriate and safe to do so; to recycle domestically when technically and economically feasible; and finally to return waste resources to appropriate recycling facilities in other countries. Residual waste that cannot be reused, recycled, or returned for recycling, shall be disposed of in an environmentally-sound manner. PRINCIPLE 2: Product Stewardship Those involved in producing, importing, selling, using and disposing of products have shared responsibility to ensure that those products or materials are managed throughout their lifecycle in a way that reduces their impact on the environment and on human health and safety. PRINCIPLE 3: Polluter Pays Principle Waste producers and polluters should pay the cost of managing their wastes, or cleaning up the pollution and remediating associated environmental damage. PRINICPLE 4: Proximity Principle The treatment and disposal of wastes and pollutants should take place at the closest possible location to the source, in order to minimize the risks involved in its transport. PRINCIPLE 5: Transparency All waste management activities shall be conducted in an open and transparent manner National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 29 / PRINCIPLE 6: Public consultation and participation Public consultation shall be integrated into the planning of national and regional waste management and pollution control activities, and participants shall be given the opportunity to provide informed input, which shall be considered as advice by relevant decision makers. Participants shall be informed of the results of the consultation process. PRINCIPLE 7: Multi-sectorial approach Waste management and pollution control approaches shall involve multiple sectors (such as climate change, biodiversity, health, tourism, biosecurity, customs and agriculture) in order to improve the success and effectiveness of interventions PRINCIPLE 8: Nationalism National cooperation and collaboration through genuine partnerships shall be undertaken where appropriate, to implement national efforts, overcome common constraints, share resources, and harness shared strengths. PRINCIPLE 10: Precautionary approach When an activity may lead to unacceptable but scientifically-uncertain harm to human health or the environment, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm without having to await the completion of further scientific research. PRINCIPLE 11: Adherence to regional and international Vanuatu shall abide by its obligations to regional and international treaties related to waste, conventions chemicals, hazardous waste and marine pollution. PRINCIPLE 12: Public-private partnership The comparative and competitive advantages of the private sector shall be harnessed to improve the delivery of waste management and pollution control services through a contractual relationship between private and public entities. PRINCIPLE 13: Selection of appropriate and affordable Selection (development and/or transfer) of environmentally sound technologies for waste technology management and pollution control shall fully consider the prevailing socio-economic conditions and capacity of local authorities, and where deemed necessary, shall be part of an overall management strategy that prioritizes public health and environmental protection, sustainability, and compliance with international and regional treaties (such as reduction in greenhouse gas and ODS emissions and UPOPs generation) 4.2 Thematic areas Strategic Goals Description  Policy and legislation The two laws, Pollution Control Act No. 10 of 2013 and Waste Management Act No. 24 of 2014 addresses the roles and responsibilities for different agencies and the general public, as well as identify appropriate fines and penalties to ensure management of waste and pollutants to the receiving environment is controlled.  Sustainable financing Maximize donor financing and national budget financing and partnership to improve waste management, while working towards a system of 100 percent sustainable financing for waste management and pollution control from internal National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 30 / sources and potential revenue streams such as the Container Deposit Legislation scheme over the long term.  Capacity development Improve institutional capacity in the lead waste management entities i.e. DEPC, Provincial centers and municipalities for waste management and pollution control  Waste minimization Better awareness of waste minimization techniques, including source separation among all Ni-Vanuatu. Incentives created to encourage waste minimization, reuse and recycling to strengthen existing activities and mechanisms established and strengthened to control importation and production of problematic items and ease exportation of the recyclable materials through revision of relevant tax laws.  Integrated waste Effective and efficient collection service implemented for the main urban and provincial centres. Environmentally sound management and technologically-appropriate disposal facilities for solid waste, hazardous wastes and liquid wastes.  National coordination Stronger cooperation and collaboration among the responsible agencies for the management of the different types of wastes, and between the agencies, NGOs and private companies for education and awareness. Members of the present J-PRISM Counterpart team may be recruited to the proposed National Waste Management and Pollution Control Committee. Waste and Pollutants management in terms of funding resources should be seen as a high priority by all levels of government. Increase the budgetary allocation to DEPC for national Waste management and environmental protection activities.  Public awareness Develop a Waste and Pollution public awareness plan; the persons in charge, media to be used, budget, messages and implementation plan. Identify specific waste and pollution management responsibilities to be entrusted to the communities and prepare the implementation plan. Establish cooperation and partnerships with the private sector on public awareness. C] HOW WILL WE GET THERE? Multi-disciplinary approaches to reducing and managing waste and pollutants must be pursued during implementation of the National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy to maximize the potential environmental benefits, and enhance the sustainability of outcomes. For example, approaches such as integrating climate change considerations into waste infrastructure planning can offer significant benefits for disaster risk reduction, biodiversity conservation, and waste management. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 31 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 2016-2020 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 1 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To support Waste By 2020, waste Develop guidelines for Waste Number of guidelines DoH, DEPC, DLA, MIPU, 200,000 Management (WM) and management guidelines are Management Operations and developed under Waste private sector, public, NGOs, Pollution Control activities in force and implemented. standards for Pollution Management Act CSOs, development with practical, effective and Control Permits Number of guidelines and partners, PGCs, MCs enforceable legislation. standards developed under Pollution Control Act By 2020, at least two a) Develop standards on the Number of pollution DoH, DEPC, DLA, MIPU, 200,000 Pollution Control guidelines design and guidelines and standards private sector, public, NGOs, and standards are performance of sanitation developed. CSOs, development developed and enforced. systems and the types of partners, PGCs, MCs sanitary devices and standards for sanitary devices for use in Vanuatu b) Identify priority areas for DEPC, MCs, PGCs, BV, guidelines and standards MoH, DGMWR, NGOs, CSOs c) Develop guidelines and DEPC, MCs, PGCs, BV, standards for priority areas MoH, DGMWR, NGOs, d) Implement and ensure CSOs, public, private sector, compliance with guidelines development partners and standards By 2020, Waste Regulations Develop Waste Regulations Number of waste DEPC, SLO, PGCs, MCs, 100,000 are in force and management operators MoH, BV, private sector, implemented. licensed development partners *By 2020, 100% of provincial Finalize Waste Management Number of Waste PGCs, MCs, DEPC, MoH, 500,000 governments have a Waste Plans Management Plans approved BV, development partners, Management Plan by PGCs and MCs private sector, communities *By 2020, provincial / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 32 / POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) governments have implemented 20% of their Waste Management Plans By 2020, a NATPLAN (as a) Finalize and implement Proportion of Oceans Policy DEPC, DoFA, SLO, MCCA, 500,000 required under the Oceans Policy implemented Police, MCs, PGCs, DoF, International Convention for b) Finalize draft NATPLAN NATPLAN approved VFD, DoPM, Tourism, the Prevention of Pollution Customs, BV, NGOs, CSOs, from Ships (MARPOL)) is MARPOL Secretariat approved *By 2020, vehicle emissions a) Develop emission Proportion of vehicles that PWD, DEPC, VNSO, MCs, 1,000,000 standards are developed standards comply with emission PGCs, MoH, DoPM, industry, and included in annual standards private sector, development b) Purchase monitoring roadworthy inspections partners equipment *By 2025, 50% of registered Work with MCs & PWD to vehicles comply with integrate standards into emission standards roadworthy inspections By 2020, Accede to a) Develop accession Accession instruments DEPC (Foreign Affairs and 300,000 Chemical Conventions instruments and Customs Dept) (Basel, Rotterdam, submit to Minamata) respective secretariats b) Source funding for Source funding accession documents. By 2019, policy and a) Convene a Meeting convened with NDMO, DEPC, PGCs, MCs, 200,000 procedures for managing stakeholder minutes Private Sector, CSOs, disaster waste is developed meeting to develop development partners and approved the draft policy and procedures for managing disaster waste b) Prepare the draft Policy and procedures policy and drafted procedures, taking into account /:_ National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 33 / POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) lessons from other islands such as Cook Islands and Samoa and circulate for comments. c) Present draft policy Policy and procedures and procedures to approved Council of Ministers for approval By 2017, a waste Development of waste Endorsed waste Minimization DEPC, PGs, MCs, private 200,000 minimization strategy is minimization Strategy/Policy Strategy. sector, NGOs, development developed and enforced. partners By 2017, the National National Plan for Endorsement and DEPC, MoH, DoB, private 200,000 Implementation Plan for Implementation of the implementation of the NIP for sector, NGO, development POPs is updated and Stockholm Convention on POPs partners enforced. POPs in 2016 By 2018, a National Action Development of National Endorsed Action Plan for DEPC, MoH, MIPU, 300,000 Plan for liquid waste and air Action Plan for liquid waste liquid waste and air pollution development partners pollution is developed and and air pollution in 2016 enforced. By 2017, VAT Act is revised Revised VAT Act to facilitate VAT Act in place and DEPC, Customs Dept, SLO, 50,000 to facilitate recycling of scrap recycling of scrap metal enforced. private sector, development metal partners From 2016 – 2020, ongoing Ongoing development of National waste inventories DEPC, PGs, MCs, 200,000 development of national national and provincial waste developed in 2016 development partners waste management inventories. Provincial waste inventories inventories for both developed yearly. provinces and municipalities. By 2018, Waste Oil Work with State Law office to Waste Oil stewardship DEPC, MCs, PGs, Private 200,000 stewardship system is finalize waste oil stewardship system established and sector, Development established and enforced collection system for Vanuatu implemented partners Conduct consultation with stakeholders and inform them about the stewardship / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 34 / POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) system. By 2016, an Ozone officer is Ozone layer protection unit Enforcement of Ozone Act by DEPC, Customs Dept, appointed by PSC to enforce appointed under the Ozone Ozone Officers development partners the Ozone Layer Protection Layer Protection Act Act By 2017, appointment of Gazetting of officers under Enforcement of the Pollution DEPC, PGs, MCs, NGO, 50,000 enforcement officers under the pollution and waste and Waste Management Acts private sector, development waste management and management Acts partners Pollution Control acts are gazetted. To ensure environmentally 95% of households have a) Amendments to the Public Number of design and DoH, DEPC, DLA, Ministry of 200,000 sound long-term land use improved access to Health Act passed and performance standards for Infrastructure and Public planning is the basis of all sanitation by 2030 (15% by gazetted sanitation systems and Utilities (MIPU), private development decision- 2020) standards for sanitary sector, public, NGOs, CSOs, making and empower b) Develop standards on the devices developed development partners, provincial and municipal design and performance of PGCs, MCs planning authorities sanitation systems and the types of sanitary devices and standards for sanitary devices for use in Vanuatu 90% of the urban sanitation a) Amendments to the Public Systems for treating, reusing DoH, DEPC, DLA, MIPU, 200,000 systems have a treatment or Health Act passed and or recycling human waste in private sector, public, NGOs, re-use system 2030 (10% by gazetted urban areas are established CSOs, development 2020) partners, PGCs, MCs, PMO b) From 2016, Develop standards on the design and performance of sanitation systems and the types of sanitary devices and standards for sanitary devices for use in Vanuatu c) From 2016, Construct and maintain the Seepage Treatment Plant at Bouffa d) From 2016, Investigate opportunities for developing a / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 35 / POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) reticulated sewerage system for Port Vila e) From 2017, Develop waste water discharge standards from contaminated sources i.e. sewage treatment plants etc. Total Budget: 4,600,000 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 2 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP SUSTAINABLE FINANCING Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To make waste management By 2025, at least one a) Review previous Regulations are in place DEPC, BV, MoH, PGCs, 500,000 systems and programmes incentive scheme is consultant's reports (e.g., on MCs, DGMWR, PWD, financially self-sustaining. established under the Waste container deposit legislation NGOs, CSOs, DoPM, MoE, (Establish incentive schemes Management Act and waste oil recycling) VCCI, NDMO, communities, that implement the polluter b) Develop regulations to private sector (e.g., waste pays principle by support the polluter pays collectors), donor partners, encouraging cleaner principle MFEM production and waste By 2017 Identification of a) Establish private- 200,000 recovery) Signed agreement and investment opportunities public partnerships partnership. from bilateral, multilateral, in Vanuatu. international agencies for b) Secure investment Availability of funds and other DEPC, PGs, MGs, private waste management and opportunities resources for waste sectors, NGOs, communities pollution control. management and pollution and donor partners control. c) Establish Waste Waste Permit Fees collected permit allocation in directed to Environment trust Environment Trust fund / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 36 / SUSTAINABLE FINANCING Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) Fund 2015 Total Budget: 700,000 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 3 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To develop skilled and By 2020, at least 20% Identify enforcement officers Number of enforcement SLO, DEPC, MoH, PGCs, 500,000 trained people in Vanuatu to capacity for enforcement of from relevant agencies (e.g. officers trained and certified. MCs, development partners effectively manage waste Waste Management and Health Dept, Police, etc.) and management and pollution Pollution Control laws is train them on aspects of control systems. enforced. enforcing the legislation through training workshops. By 2019, a terms of Develop institutional capacity Terms of Reference for DEPC, MoH, PGCs, MCs, 500,000 reference is produced to for waste management at the consultancy contract and Development partners assess the institutional municipal, provincial and capacity assessment report capacity for DEPC and national levels produced Councils for waste management (in particular policy development and planning, funding and assessment, project cycle management) By 2018, module developed Develop and deliver training Course material, syllabus, DEPC, PHGs, MCs, VNTC, 500,000 and available at local of trainers (TOT) program on official course schedule VIT, APTC institution waste management, pollution Total Budget: 1, 500,000 control, and clean production National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 37 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 4 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP WASTE MINIMIZATION Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To reduce the amount of By 2019, 80% of all Conduct waste Waste Characterization DEPC, PHGs, MSs, 100,000 waste generated and Provincial Centers and characterization study in Reports development partners landfilled. Municipal Councils conduct Provincial Centers and waste characterization Municipal Councils to identify studies in their respective the main waste components waste service areas By 2020, 60% of segregated Segregation of yard and Backyard home composting DEPC, PGs, MCs, 100,000 organic wastes is kitchen waste at home by development partners composted. promoting and demonstrating composting. By 2017, a waste a) Develop waste Endorsed Waste DEPC, PGs, MCs, 200,000 minimization plan is minimization plan Minimization Plan development partners developed and implemented b) Implement waste minimization plan Total Budget: 400,000 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 5 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To implement effective By 2030, every province a) Identify disposal sites Number of controlled waste DEPC, MCs, PGCs, MoH, 500,000 waste collection and has a controlled waste b) Develop controlled waste disposal facilities BV, SPREP, development disposal throughout Vanuatu disposal facility (at least 3 disposal facilities and landfills partners, private sector, and limit the impact of waste provinces by 2020) c) Investigate opportunities for communities and pollution on urban areas developing recycling centers and ecosystems By 2025, at least two a) Identify disposal sites Number of chemical storage DEPC, MCs, PGCs, MoH, 500,000 chemical storage and b) Develop chemical disposal and disposal facilities BV, SPREP, development disposal facility is facilities, including port facilities partners, private sector established (at least one by 2020) / By 2020, 50% of both a) Develop appropriate Waste collection system DEPC, PGs, MCs, 200,000 / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 38 / INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) Provincial centers and collection services for improved development partners municipal councils the provincial centers implement proper waste b) Develop project collection services proposal to implement additional recommendations from time and motion study which cannot be DEPC, PGs, MCs, Project proposals developed implemented with development partners existing resources (e.g. procurement of additional garbage trucks, bins) and seek funding By 2020, appropriate a)seek technical assistance to 200,000 collection services for the conduct time and motion studies DEPC, PGs, MCs, provincial centers is in Port Vila, Luganville and Studies conducted development partners established and Lenakel plus other provincial implemented centers To improve Waste and By 2020, Luganville and Prepared Luganville and Lenakel 10,000,000 Luganville and Lenakel DEPC, PGs, MCs, MIPU, Pollution Control Lenakel dumpsites are Landfill in 2017 landfill in operation development partners management infrastructure upgraded into landfills and support sustainable By 2020, New Garbage Secure with Donor Partners and Garbage trucks and pollution 7,000,000 operation and maintenance trucks and Pollution Control Government on financing of new control equipment’s utilized DEPC, PGs, MCs, equipment’s garbage trucks and pollution for waste management development partners control equipment’s in 2017 activities. Total Budget: 18,400,000 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 6 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP NATIONAL COORDINATION Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To better coordinate By 2017, a coordinating a) Identify the primary TOR developed and DEPC, relevant government 20,000 national waste management committee member is stakeholders for meeting convened agencies activities and ensure that established membership of the National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 39 NATIONAL COORDINATION Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) the NWMS is implemented committee and convene and periodically reviewed a meeting with these and updated to achieve the stakeholders to refine stated goal and purpose. and finalize the draft TOR b) Launch the committee Committee established By 2018, establish multi- a) Identify key stakeholders Stakeholders identified DEPC, PGs, MCs, NGOs, 20,000 sectorial partnerships in to develop partnerships private sector, development Vanuatu (NGOs, local with partners business community) b) Invite stakeholders to planning session to discuss relevant sections of the National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy in detail c) Develop and sign MOUs Number of signed MOUs and agreements based on and agreements discussions By 2018, develop an a) Convene a Meeting convened DEPC, PGs, MCs, 200,000 environmental monitoring meeting/workshop with key developing partners program for closed stakeholders to identify initial dumpsites, existing sites to be monitored, items for dumpsites and landfills, and monitoring (e.g. surface water other contaminated sites such as rivers, ground water, gas), and existing capacity for monitoring. Discuss and agree a way forward b) Seek technical Outline of environmental assistance to prepare monitoring program the outline of the prepared monitoring program (location, items for monitoring, methods, equipment needs, etc.) c) Seek funding to Funding secured and ~ ~ - ~ - implement the monitoring program ~ program implemented - ~ - ~ - / / -----,-'------- ~ 40 / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES NATIONAL COORDINATION Objective I Targets I Activities I Indicators I Key Partners I Indicative Budget (VT) I I I I I Total Budget: 240,000 Implementation Plan Thematic Area 7 Activities listed are also aligned with the NEPIP and NSDP PUBLIC AWARENESS Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To increase public By 2017, improve a) Convene a meeting Meeting convened DEPC, WSB, Live & Learn, 500,000 awareness on their WM awareness of waste with key Chamber of Commerce, local responsibilities minimization techniques by stakeholders to business sector, Schools, working together with key discuss and agree Churches) stakeholders on waste NGOs, local business minimization focus community (e.g. composting) and to develop a joint work program for awareness raising activities. Mechanisms for reporting on the joint work program must also be discussed and agreed. Schools and churches must be included as key stakeholders especially from rural subsistence communities. b) Sign MOU with key Signed MOU stakeholders based on discussions c) Implement the Number of awareness agreed joint work program activities conducted / - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - -/ National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 41 / PUBLIC AWARENESS Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) To introduce and enhance By 2020, develop a Waste a) Develop concept Concept notes DEPC, PGs, MCs and 20,000,000 community participation on and Pollution public notes and project development partners (JICA, waste management awareness plan; the persons proposals for SPREP, ADB, UNDP) in charge, media to be used, upgrading existing budget, messages and facilities (e.g. implementation plan. Identify purchase and specific waste and pollution installation of a management responsibilities weigh bridge at to be entrusted to the Bouffa landfill and communities and prepare Luganville Weighbridge installation the implementation plan. dumpsite) and Establish cooperation and aggressively seek partnerships with the private funding to sector on public awareness. implement them. b) Develop landfill Landfill guideline Vanuatu Government, DEPC 200,000 guidelines for (PGs, MCs, Private Bouffa semi- companies and aerobic landfill communities), Development partners (ADB) c) Initiate dialogue DEPC, MIPU, Vanuatu with the Ministry of Government, development Infrastructure and partners (ADB) Public Utilities (MIPU), which is the executing agency for the ADB Project that includes a review of the sanitation master plan. This dialogue should focus on identifying ~ ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ - - - - - - - - . - - - - - /- ~ strategic linkages between the master _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / 42 / National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES PUBLIC AWARENESS Objective Targets Activities Indicators Key Partners Indicative Budget (VT) plan and this national waste management strategy, and opportunities for funding relevant activities in this strategy d) Undertake any actions DEPC, MIPU, Vanuatu identified during dialogue with Government, development MIPU partners (ADB) Total Budget: 207,000,000 OVERALL TOTAL BUDGET = 232,840,000 VATU Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and Measuring Performance To monitor the strategy, DEPC will require Provinces and Municipalities to provide annual report of their Waste Management Plans. The purpose of the Waste Management Plans is to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in implementation of the National Strategy to the Province, Municipal and community levels. The Waste Management Plan is a requirement under the Waste Management Act No. 24 of 2014 for all designated waste management operators (Provinces and Municipalities). A monitoring form is proposed in appendix 2. Terminal Evaluation This five year revised strategy is for 2016 to 2020. A terminal evaluation of this strategy is planned for September 2018 to review the actions and priorities to cater for all Wastes, Chemicals and Pollutants in-line with the Cleaner Pacific Regional Strategy for 2016-2025. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 43 APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: NATIONAL WASTE MANAGEMENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE MEMBER ORGANIZATION Organization Responsibility Urban Peri-urban/Rural Municipal Councils Landfill Management  Waste Separation and Collection Points  Market waste collection and transport  Waste collection and transport  Provinces Waste Collection, Transport and Disposal  Biosecurity Dept Biosecurity waste disposal  Pacific Petroleum Oil Company Waste oil collection and transport  Energy Dept Waste oil collection and transport  Wan Smol Bag Waste Management awareness   Live & Learn Vanuatu Waste Management awareness   Tourism Dept Urban beautification   Water Resource Dept Pollution Control to Water Sources   Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities Pollution Control from drainage and road constructions   Public Health Dept Sanitation and Medical Waste Disposal   Telecommunication Regulator E-waste Disposal   External trade Dept Conventions   Ports and Harbor Dept Garbage Record Book for domestic vessels   Marine Pollution Control   Agriculture Dept Compost training   Education Dept Awareness coordination for primary and secondary schools   Vanuatu Christian Council Awareness coordination for churches   National Disaster Management Office Disaster Waste   National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 44

APPENDIX 2: ANNUAL MONITORING AND REPORTING FORM ACTIVITIES DESCRIBE PROGRESS DATE OF PROGRESS (as given in the Implementation Plan) (Achievements/Challenges/way forward) (completion date for activity implementation) National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 45

APPENDIX 3: ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF DESIGNATED WASTE MANAGEMENT OPERATORS (DWMO) UNDER THE WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT NO.24 OF 2014 This information applies to the head of the relevant Designated Waste Management Operator (DWMO);  In relation to a municipal council – the Municipal Town Clerk  In relation to a provincial government council – the Secretary General  In relation to department – Director of the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation Duties and responsibilities of DWMOs Duties and responsibilities of waste management operators – Municipal and Province Item Provisions in the Waste Description Type of designated waste No. Management Act No. 24 of management operator 2014 1 [7] 4) Manage a waste dump or a waste disposal site Municipal Province 2 [8] Cleaning streets and public areas Municipal Providing waste disposal receptacle in public places Province 3 [9] 4) Collaborate with relevant designated waste management operator Municipal and the ministry or government responsible for managing waste in Province formulating policies, strategies and programs 4 [10] 1) Formulate, adopt and implement an annual Waste Management Plan Municipal Province 5 [10] 2) Ensure that owners, occupiers of premises within the waste service Municipal area and licensed waste operators operating within the service area Province are given an adequate opportunity to express their views and interests during the formulation of the waste management plan 6 [10] 3) Consult with the Director during the formulation of the Waste Municipal Management Plan Province 7 [10] 4) In the same waste service area must consult each other in the Municipal preparation of their waste management plan Province National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 46 / Duties and responsibilities of waste management operators – Municipal and Province Item Provisions in the Waste Description Type of designated waste No. Management Act No. 24 of management operator 2014 8 [12] 2) Undertake or participate in any audit of waste generated or disposed Municipal of during any period as required by the Director Province 9 [13] 2) Serve a written notice on a person who appears to own or control the Municipal object, substance or thing declaring any particular object, substance Province or thing to be waste or a hazardous waste 10 [18] 1) Responsible for waste management in the designated waste service Municipal areas Province 11 [19] 1) Designated waste management operator for each waste service area Municipal Province 12 [19] 2) After consultation with the Department make by-laws Municipal Province 13 [20] 1) (a) Carryout relevant waste service responsibilities under section 7 Municipal Province 14 [20] 1) (b) Formulate, adopt and implement a National Waste Management Municipal Strategy under section 9 Province 15 [20] 1) (c) Assist the Director to administer the license regime of private waste Municipal operators under section 15 Province 16 [20] 1) (d) Collect fees under Division 3 in the designated waste management Municipal operator’s service area Province 17 [20] 1) (e) Cooperate with the Director, authorized officers and public health Municipal officers in the discharge of their responsibilities relating to the Province monitoring of waste management processes and facilities 18 [20] 1) (f) Enforce rules, standards and cords of practice relating to the waste Municipal management services and facilities provided by or under the control Province of the designated waste management operator; 19 [20] 1) (g) Implement litter and waste control measures, including programs Municipal aimed at promoting reuse and recycling of waste, and minimizing the Province generation of waste 20 [20] 1) (h) Prepare reports in accordance with section 33, maintain statistical Municipal National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 47 / Duties and responsibilities of waste management operators – Municipal and Province Item Provisions in the Waste Description Type of designated waste No. Management Act No. 24 of management operator 2014 records relevant to the management of waste in their waste service Province area and assist the Director to conduct annual audits of waste generation and disposal under section 12 21 [20] 1) (i) Perform any other functions provided under any other written law Municipal Province 22 [20] 2) (a) Introduce programs for the collection and disposal of hazardous and Department bulk waste 23 [20] 2) (b) Monitor the development and management of landfill areas and Department approved dumping and waste storage sites incorporate comprehensive environmental management systems and measures 24 [20] 2) (c) Provide for other appropriate waste treatment, storage and disposal Department facilities 25 [20] 2) (d) Monitor waste management processes and facilities Department 26 [20] 2) (e) Assist the Director to compile statistics and prepare reports relevant Department to the management of waste in Vanuatu 27 [20] 2) (f) Raise public awareness on matters concerning the minimization of the Department generation of waste, the reuse and recycling of waste and the effective management of waste 28 [20] 2) (g) Formulate and implement policies, programs and initiatives aimed at Department reduction, reuse and recycling of waste 29 [21] 1) May exercise any power necessary or incidental to the discharge of Municipal its functions under the Act Province 30 [22] 1) May serve a waste management notice Municipal Province Or Department 31 [24] 1) (a) Determine the status of any premises as residential or commercial Municipal Province 32 [24] 1) (b) Determine the imposition of additional or increased fees under section Municipal 27 to particular premises Province National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 48 / Duties and responsibilities of waste management operators – Municipal and Province Item Provisions in the Waste Description Type of designated waste No. Management Act No. 24 of management operator 2014 33 [24] 1) (c) Determine whether a particular service is provided as part of the Municipal normal garbage or waste collection service, or is another service for Province which an additional fee is to be imposed 34 [27] 1) May impose additional or increased fees Municipal Province 35 [28] May set the fee for the collection, storage or disposal of a particular Municipal hazardous waste, or for the provision of any other service if no Province sufficient or appropriate fee is prescribed 36 [29] May charge interest at the rate of 10% per annum on any fee not paid Municipal within 30 days of the date upon which payment is due Province 37 [30] May authorize the remission of a fee or interest charge imposed Municipal Province 38 [31] 1) Recover a fee or interest charge Municipal Province 39 [31] 4) May enter into an arrangement for the collection of fees and interest Municipal charges by persons or organizations approved by the designated Province waste management operator to be collection agents 40 [33] (a) Prepare and submit reports relating to any aspect of waste Municipal management under its responsibility at the request of the Department, Province the Ministry of Health and the Department of Biosecurity 41 [33] (b) Ensure that the Ministry of Health is immediately notified of any matter Municipal related to waste management that comes to its notice which may Province adversely affect human health 42 [33] (c) Ensure that the Director is immediately notified of any matter related Municipal to waste management that comes to its notice which may adversely Province affect the environment 43 [34] 1) May enter into a contractual arrangement for the provision of services Municipal necessary to discharge its functions and to perform its waste Province management activities related to the collection, transportation, National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 49 / Duties and responsibilities of waste management operators – Municipal and Province Item Provisions in the Waste Description Type of designated waste No. Management Act No. 24 of management operator 2014 disposal and management of waste 44 [35] 1) Promote the reduction, reuse and recycling of waste and for this Municipal purpose rules, operating procedures, guidelines and codes of Province practice, signs and directions may be made, displayed or given in accordance with section 32 The following six tables list the roles and responsibilities for waste management by topic area under the Waste Management Act of 2014. Identifying waste Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Expand the definition of Make regulations and/or Make notices declaring any ‘waste’ notices declaring any object, object, substance or thing to substance or thing to be a be a waste under section13. waste under section 13. Identify waste through waste Annually audit the waste Participate in audits as Licence holders and other audits generated and disposed of in required by DEPC (section persons involved in waste Vanuatu (section 12). 12). related operations or services: Participate in audits as required by DEPC (section12). National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 50 Collecting waste Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Collect waste Impose requirements for the Provide waste collection Ministry of Health: Collect collection of waste that services to residential and medical waste (subsection cannot be managed by commercial premises (section 7(6)). normal waste collection 7(3)). Department of Biosecurity: services (subsection 7(5)). Collect fees under part 4, Collect biosecurity waste Introduce programs for the division 3. Note: This includes (subsection 7(7)). collection of bulk waste under determining whether a section 20. premise is residential or commercial and whether a particular service is provided as part of normal collection services. Determine that certain services are compulsory under section 21. Engage contractors under section 34. Disposing of waste Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Manage waste dumps and Manage waste dumps and Manage waste dumps and Ministry of Health: Manage waste disposal facilities waste disposal sites where waste disposal sites waste dumps and waste there is a need for additional (paragraph 7(4) (a)). disposal sites for medical National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 51 / Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils technical and operational Engage contractors under waste (paragraph 7(4)(b)) capacity for the proper section 34. and dispose of all medical disposal of waste (paragraph waste (subsection 7(6)). 7(4) (c)). Department of Biosecurity: Impose requirements for the Manage waste dumps and disposal of waste that cannot waste disposal sites for be managed by normal waste biosecurity waste (paragraph collection services 7(4)(b)) and dispose of all (subsection 7(5)). biosecurity waste (subsection Introduce programs for the 7(7)). disposal of bulk waste under Licence holders: Comply with section 20. relevant legal controls Provide for other appropriate (subsection 16(2)). waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (section 20). Issue licences to persons (other than designated waste management operators) under section 15. Persons who wish to operate landfills, waste dumps and waste facilities or undertake any waste operation or service prescribed by the Minister require a licence under this section. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 52 Planning and other waste controls Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Plan for waste management Formulate and implement a Formulate, adopt and and control National Waste Management implement the strategy Strategy (the strategy) under (section 20). section 9. Formulate policies, strategies Implement programs and and programs for the projects to support the municipality or province strategy under section 9. under subsection 9(4). Formulate, adopt and implement an annual Waste Management Plan under section 10. Encourage the reduction, Raise awareness about the Implement litter and waste reuse and recycling of waste generation, reuse, recycling control measures including and management of waste programs that promote reuse (paragraph 20(2) (f)). and recycling and waste Formulate and implement minimisation (paragraph policies, programs and 20(1) (g). initiatives aimed at reduction, Promote the reduction, reuse reuse and recycling of waste and recycling of waste and promote reduction, reuse (section 35). and recycling (paragraph 20(2) (g) and section 35). Make regulations to require commercial waste recyclers to be registered or licensed (section 35). Control the importation, use Make regulations for Assist in the administration of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - -/ National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 53 / Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils and storage of things that controlling certain waste the licence regime might become waste under section 14. For (paragraph 20(1) (c)). example, regulations imposing requirements on the importation, use and storage of objects, substances or things that may become wastes and that have adverse impacts on the environment or human health. Manage waste by keeping Clean streets and public the streets clean areas (section 8). Provide waste disposal receptacles in public places (section 8). Other waste controls Approve environmental Comply with relevant People identified in standards for waste environmental standards environmental standards: management practices (section 11). Comply with the relevant (section 11). In consultation with DEPC, environmental standard Make regulations for various make/impose by-laws, rules, (section 11). matters including the operating procedures, collection, disposal and guidelines and codes of treatment of sanitary waste practice relevant to waste (section 44). management functions under Prescribe waste management sections 19 and 32. operations or services (see Do anything necessary to subsection 15(2)). ensure that waste in Vanuatu is managed in an - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - -/ 54 / ~ National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils environmentally sound manner (section 21). Cooperate with DEPC and public health officers (paragraph 20(1)(e)). Reporting on waste management Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Provide information Provide information to DEPC Any person conducting a as required (section 17). waste related operation, business or activity: Provide information to DEPC as required (section 17). Notify relevant parties about Notify the Ministry of Health waste management issues about waste management matters which may adversely affect human health (section 33). Notify DEPC about waste management matters which may adversely affect the environment (section 33). Prepare reports about waste Prepare reports as requested Ministry of Health: If management under section 33. requested by DEPC, report National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 55 / Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils on any aspect of waste management under its responsibility (subsection 7(6)). Department of Biosecurity: If requested by DEPC, report on any aspect of waste management under its responsibility (subsection 7(7)). Managing hazardous waste Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils Expand the definition of Make regulations and/or Make notices declaring any hazardous waste notices declaring any object, object, substance or thing to substance or thing to be a be a hazardous waste under hazardous waste under section13. section 13. Meet international obligations Implement international relating to the management conventions and treaties of hazardous waste under section 7(2). Introduce programs for the collection and disposal of hazardous waste (section National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 56 / Responsible agency Role Provincial and municipal DEPC Other councils 20). National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 57

APPENDIX 4: RELATED REGIONAL PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED BY SPREP TO MEMBER COUNTRIES - VANUATU No. Project Title Main Activity Donor Duration Outcome 1 AFD/SPREP Regional Technical capacity building for Agence Française de October 2011 – Sept Ongoing capacity building for Solid Waste improve solid waste management Développement 2015 (4 Year Project) Vanuatu through training. Management Initiative (AFD) Development of a used Oil Management programme – Stewardship system. 2 Japanese Technical Human and institutional capacity Japan International Phase 1 Human and institutional capacity Cooperation Project for base for sustainable Solid Waste Cooperation February 2011 – for solid waste management is Promotion of Regional Management in the Pacific Assistance (JICA) February 2016 (5 Year strengthened through training of Initiative on Solid Waste Region is strengthened through Project) Port Vila, Luganville and Lenakel Management in Pacific implementation of the Pacific counterparts in the region and Island Countries Regional Solid Waste Japan. At the moment a Ni- Management Strategy (2010- Vanuatu counterpart was selected 2015) as a landfill expert for the region. 3 Pacific POPs Release Reducing Persistent Organic Global Environment 2013 – 2018 Current ongoing project. So far Reduction Project Pollutants (POPs) in the Pacific Facility (GEF) (5 Year Project) two (2) participants from Vanuatu (GEFPAS Persistent region through the improved had attended the capacity building Organic Pollutants) management of solid and training at the Fiji National hazardous waste. This project University (FNU). The purpose of mainly targets the unintentional this training is to build capacity for production of Persistent Organic national waste management Pollutants (uPOPs). The main practitioners to be trainers in their sources of uPOPs are open home countries. The training is still burning, waste incinerators, ongoing and more Ni-Vanuatu’s waste oil spillage, industrial from the councils and private processes and burning of companies will be able to attend to plastics, PVC, and electrical enhance capacity development in cables. the field of waste management. 4 PacWaste Main activities include: European Union May 2013 to March Ongoing project. This year 5  Health care waste (EU) 2017 incinerators to treat medical wastes were donated and installed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES / 58 / No. Project Title Main Activity Donor Duration Outcome management in five different hospitals of Vanuatu. These are: Vila Central  Asbestos management Hospital (VCH), Northern District Hospital (NDH), Lolowai Hospital,  E-waste management Norsup Hospital and Lenakel Hospital. Trainings for manual  Atoll waste Management operation will be conducted in February 2016. National Waste Management and Pollution Control Strategy and Implementation Plan 2016-2020/ANNEXES 59