Livestock Policy - 2015

! LIVESTOCK POLICY-2015 BALOCHISTAN ~ ,,,,/ , .,,. LIVESTOCK & DAIRY DEVELOPMENT DEP/\RTMENT BAI OCIIJSTAN INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1.0 INT RODUCTION Thell\ entll goal or the Gen ernmcnt nr Balochistan Ii, l'Stod, po li c ,· is to eradicate pm crt,. illitL'raC) and diseases. lhtlochistan is also a l'o11tribu1m to the lkvdopment of the countr) . I .1, estock be111g the mainst,1~ o f most rural households contributes signi ficantly to the li,cli.lwods or 1he people. I he Li,cstock lkpartment seeks ,1 policy for sustainable gnl\\th of thL· liH:stock sector 111 the province. I.I. BACKGROUND 1.1. l Balochistan communities traditionally kept lin:SllH.'. 1-. for s ubs istence. prcstiµc. and as a form or insunmcc aga ins t drought. I he a111mals also scn L'd as a source of' mcomc for thcir social needs like bri(k priCL' and traditional ceremonies. Slm .. ·p and goats arc reared in tradi tiona l system or li\'cstock which colllpriscs or nomadic. transhumant and sedentary rearing systems . These small ruminants arc the helter converters or non-utili1abk bushes and \\ild gr.isscs into ,aluable animal pro1cm wlrn:h is the basic need or human beings \\ 'omen o r the rural an:a a rc a lso engaged '>\ ith the househo ld roultr) kcep111g at , er) small scale. I he Jcplct111g ranges arc still servmg as the best solll-CL' or lcedinl' lo r the II\ estock rearing. • l·:-..:otic hrccd I lobtcin Friesian \\as introduced three dccades apo I hcrcaficr lhe Dai , > indu-;tr) was impro,ed in the prll\ incc • \\ ' 11h the arri, al of' poulh") breed \\ hitc I .cg I lorn. an<l Hroi kr h:I\ c made 1-c,·olutiona ry de , clopment in the cornmcrcial poultry forn1i111.•- I lie poultry industry started provid ing livelihood to man) or the pL'opk and also prll\ iding protein in the 1<)1711 or meat and eggs al economical price . rl1L· I i, esiod: & Dai r) DL'\ clopmcnt lkpartmcnt has de, doped the poultr) larm c.; to introduce the commercia l poultr) !arm ing system in the prm incc I his dc111onstra1ion has helped lhl.· private sector rcmarJ...ahl) . 1 lo\\c,·cr the rnral poullr~ still rcquirL'S attention. The abatloirs and the I .ivcstocJ... Markd arl· -;till i11 pom states. I he ind1gL·nous I .iv<.:stock prodt11.:1s 1ll.·cd more de, dopmcnt to meet the requircmcnl or lili: nl its inhahitunts. I he hiodin.:rsit) or the prO\ i111..:ial animal ge1H.:tic rcsounxs play \er> pivotal role in the economy of° the pn)\ incc and each breed has its m, n charact ... :rist1cs and socioecono1111c importance 1.2.3 T he Dairy Industry I ht: dairy in<lustr~ in Balochistan is a nascent enterprise. Smallholckr dain production accounts for mu 70 to 80<¼, or lht· total milk production. Milk consumption is parth dependent upon the lcn.:I or hoLscl t1ld incoml'S ,, 1th most of the milk produced being utd1/cd at the household Inc! and marginal quanti ties arc hcmg marketed. 1.2.4 Beef Production Tht:n.: is great potential for the c:-.port or bed from Balochistan . . Future dt:mand for red meat "' ill <.kpend on the merall socio-economic dcvdopmcnl. ·1 his slat us "ill lurgcly depend on the meral l growth in the per capita int:01m:s or tlw country. I he propagation or the Balochista11 \iari i\laster will also mcrl·ase bed' production. Call' fatten ing program ,,ill he highly d'fi:ctiw as the meat or a latt...:ned calf 1s 11101-...' valued as compared to the old anim.ils. h·ed lot operations. management. effective disease control an<l improved infrastrnclurc can help 111 hccf production. Slaughter houses and processing units can help acce-.;s international markets al larger scale. 1.2.5 Sheep and Goat The population or small ruminants in llalochistan is still a signiJicant portion or the total population of. hccp i.e 12. 80-l.217 (48 %) and goats- 11.784.711 (22 (¾,) or the country according lo latest livestock census or 2006. Shcl.'P and goats produce other products such as \\OOL skins and milk. The hulk or thl' sheep and goats are reart:d 111 the Arid and Se1111-t\rid Lands (,\S/\1.s). Ch, nership and production syst...:m or livestock 111 Balochistan foll into Lim.:...: categoriL:s nomadic. senu-nomadic. and s...:dentary. I he ranges or the province foll under l\\o types ol proper!) regimes: common property rangclands. and open ilcccss rangelands. Tribes. ,, ith customary institutional arrangements. tradit1011al!) o\\ 11 common property rangelands for their sustainability and elTectivl' mannt•cml'nl ~1s is being practiccd. Cioat Milk is given high \'alu...:: there is good pot...:ntial Im development 4 01· the dairy goat enterprise. Wool or the sheep is ho\\'C\Cr coarse "hkh is sent to the other prm inces for carpet making. 1.2.6 Ca mel Productio n There is a potential 1()1' camd rearing in most or the areas in the Pnl\ im:c. Ilic importance of camel for rood security is due to its ahilit~ to sun in: and continue being productiYc under drought conditions. Camels arc another source of' milk and meat. i\·lost or their milk is consumed locally due lo its medkinal , aluc. l)uc to its lledgling induslr) needs proper allention from the public sector. Camel hmning can bring lot of foreign exchange if privall: sector 1:omcs in camd rearing and targets the market in the Middle I ast. . 1.2.7 The Poult ry Industry Commercial Pc)Ultr) has developed considcrahly. Li\cstod lkparlmrnls contributed hy introducing the \\·hite I cg I ({)n and Broiler in the province. This boosted the industry at an extensin: srnk. Nm, thousands of households arl' earning their livelihood from the poultry industr, Rural Poultry ,, hich is being reared at house hold len:l by the women or rural areas still needs allcntion by the gO\ ernmenl. In rural areas the potential exist:-., hut a" arcncss 1s needed for i111pro\'111g from house hold forming to commercial levels 011 small scale. I his'"" kad to increases famil) income b) selling large quantity or epgs. l'his; industry is strongly l'Cndcr based involvrng many \\Omen in this industry. 1.2.8 Animal Feed Resources. , imal I L·cd is most important for the production ol' milk , 11H.:a1 and rcprndut:lton. The greall'st proportion or diet for ruminants is ro11 t1.hagc 11(1\\.:w r. Im, rain foll areas. \\ hnc extensive livestock keeping 1s practiccd. has minimal supplementation or concentrates and minerals. In high rainli.dl areas roughaµe makes a s1g1111icant proportion of li,cstock diet. In these latkr areas. the cost or prnducinµ roughaµe sources is; l(m compared to hm rainfall ,trL'as. Cinvin!:'., animals (catllc. sheep. goals. camels etc ) arc basicall) led on 11alural pastures or fodder" ith supplemental concentrates !or high yielding aninwk Still 1111 or \\ork has lo be done in order to de, clop the f"ced resource'> to m erco1m: the m1tritional • 5 delkic1H.:irs. ,\1 pro\ incial lcvcl a nutrition lab c,ist'i \\'hich nerds to he strcamlim:d. 1.2.9 StalH•holdcrs of Livestock l'hc main players in the sector arc the li,·cstm:k formers. l lo\\l'\'Cr. hi!-.lorically thr government has pro, idcd a racilitativc role in pro11mtio11 ul scr, 1cc dcln cry lo the li\csll11.:k farmers. I o facilitate the ck·,dopmcnt or the Ii, estm.:k sector. \'anous stakeholders arc invoh c<l at various stages or livc'itock producli(l11. "J°hl:re an.: also a number ol° non-gO\ crnmcntal and lanm:r organi/ations that mah· 'iiµni lic:mt contributions tu thi!-. sector. I he l.i vestock I· armers hcl\\ 1..·, er. ha \'c 1101 hc1..·n adcquiltd: addressed. l.ot or challcng1.;s ar1.; h1.;111~· l:1ccd hy the produc1.;rs in the light of cm·ironmcntal and market demands. I llcreforc. the) need fodlitation. support and coordination in order to n:spond to such chalkngcs. lh.:rc 1s therefore need to realign puhlil: sector functions to mitigate such shortcomings . RATl()NALE AND ()B.JECTIVF,S ()F TIIE P()LICY 2.1 RATIONAL FOR A PROVINCIAL LIVESTOCK POLICY I .i\'estm:k Department 111 th<.: past aimed al 111crcasing production of livestock and its products. I lm,·c,·cr. the n:commcnckd animal proll·in rcouircmcnls or the population huve not bcrn met. Majority or the livestock l:1nm.:r-; ,1rc poor and food 111.sec.:urc mainl) due lo lcl\\ producli\'ity. high cosl of 1'1.inn inputs and lac.:k of market ll1c.:ilitics. J"hc potential or lhc liwstock sector has. thcrL'ltH"e. not hcen l"ull) l::-:ploitL'd. • • 6 • Various de\ clopmcntal steps in the lin~stnck se ctor ha\'L' lwcn initiated to stimulate economic grovdh over lhc lasl lhrcc decades. Some o r them pro,ed to he succcssli.d like introduction or hwcign Milk Breed and 1\rtificial In semination. I he . \.I. sen·iccs hm c produced remarkahlc results on the m ilk production. I hl\\C\ er it needs more extension. ·1 he prices of the medicin e arc~ till he) ond the n:ach or the poor livestod. !armers esplx:ially the small sca k Ii, csto1,;k producers fhi!> has negative impact on producti, ity an<l prolitabilily or the Ii\ estock sector. 2.1.2 The m:1rket or l.ivcslock is still traditional and 1101 \\ell organi/cd. ,, ith animals being snld on live appearance basis. ;\,Jilk processmg 1111 its ha,·e not yet been established in the pro\'ince. Poor markc1mg coupkd ,, itli t he J1l)Or state of roads and inadequate market infrastructure constrained the de, clop1rn:nt of efficient livestock markets. making the returns to the farmers· conside rable lo\\. • Weak research and linkages \\ilh cxtension scn i ces have ad,crscly arkcte<l livestnck producti, ity and profitability. Production or vacc ines is mos\ essential l<lr disease control. I he low budget in Research is a majo r conslrainl to sector tkvclupment. • imal health standards and quality parameters arc currcntl) not being achic,cd as expected. this is further compounded by thL· trans-hnund ar) nature or liH:stock discases. \\ hich rcqwrc regional approach In animal l1L ·ulth surveillance and monitoring. • Cum.:nllv. Balot:hislan livesto<.:k sc<.:tor is based on pri mary production. lh.:rc is \Cry little on-form and off-form processing or li,estock prod uce. \\ h1ch translates lo ltm income f<.)r formers. Value addition initiatives in the II\ cstock sector arc mamh constrmncd hy lad, of support in: infrastructure such a s roads. clectricit). and \\alcr. in addition lo inn:stmcnl disinccnlin:s arising fro m high busim:-;s costs and non-conduci\'c regulatory Ji-amc,\orks. • l:nforecment of animal health and product qual1 tv slanthtrds has nlso been complicated b) conllicl1ng legal and 111st1tut1onal m;md atc-;: ! he l .i, cstock Department has no control over these conflicting statute-; o n drugs or , cterinar) meJicmes. I hen: is. thercfi.m:. need for hannoni1ing these c onflictiug mandates in order to adequalcl) address animal health and prodw.:l qualit ) standards . .. • 7 2.2: OIUECTIVES OF THE LIVESTOCK POLICY • To addn.•ss the above challenges. it is necessary that a thorough l"L'\ rn, or the institutional frame\\ork or the livestock sector he undcrlakrn lo allow for the d<.:H:lop1m:nt \)I. a compctitin: lnestock industry. I his pnlit:) p:1pcr pnw1des , arious policy options n<.:ccssar\' for achicvin11 sustainable de, dopmcnt an d management or the li\cstod .. sector. l'hc policies stipulatl'd lwrc will guide the development ol the sectm to increase household incomes. assme l~)od sccurit: and crl'atc employment through impnn ed livc-;tock forming.. , aluc add ition or products and support or Ii, cstock-bascd industries. rnnong othe1 ,,ay:; This po lie, .1ddresses the challenges in the liH:strn.:k sector,, itl1 respect tn a range of li.111cti1H1s currently he1ng carried out hy thc puhlic and pri,ate sc<. :tor I hc sc<.:tor "ill broadly hc guided by the following underl: ing prindpks: • Rt.:clejini11g the role<~/ the Jmhlic <;ec/or • /;'liminalion <f market di,1orlw11" 1hro11p.h re11101·al of rnfrictio11 o n compel if ion • ( 'reulion <d a c/e111cmcl-clrir<'11 approach to markets • R<!Cognition that there.• is a cost.for guocl., C111d .,·e1Tice., • Di111i11C1lion <?! resource ullocalion distorthms • lfr1we.,e11/olion/i)r .\/oke/wlder., in i11d11,t1:1· cleci.,wm • /11c/11.,t1:r .,e(lreg11lutio11 • /11clepe11cle11ce ,?(r,:g11IC1tm:r hocli£'\' • \mtuinuhle u,e o.f rernurce, • /11clepemle11f po/icy.fhr social and ('('0110111icul~1· cli,·o,fr,mtagecl • Recognifion <~/ cultural aflifucles Based on thc aforcmcntioned prin<.:iplcs. the Halochistan I .i, eslm:k I kpart mcnt aspires to usher in a ncw era of Ii, cstock sector dcvdop111cnt h) adopting a polit:) that "creates an cnahllllg em·ironmcnt lor li\'estock husim:ss h~ rcmo,·ing markl't distorti ons. supplll·t111g • 8 efficient us1.: or public resources and t:ncouraging participation o r private sector in lhc industr) ·· • • " 9 CHALLENGES AND OPP()RTlJNITIES 3.1 ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCl(S IN BA LOCIHSTAN 3.1.1 Cha rnctcrization and Documentation lh: characteristics ()r animals arc controlled h: hen:ditary l~1ctors kn<mn a s genes. J'hc process of characteri:tation and d0<.:um cntation 111\ olvcs dassification. assessment of productivit, and disease resistance. 130th domestic and wild animal species and the ir hn.:eds nm: bi.' rckrred lo as animal genetic resource. The indigenous breeds arc nam ed by lhL' communities in regions where they belong. 3.1.2 Animal Genetic Resource Conservation , imal gendtc resources may he conscncd i11-\ 'il11. that is. co11scnut1011 ol lin: animals in the natural state. It ma , also be ex -si/1 1. that is. nH1scrvatio11 in lrnA'n tissues. embryos. O\a. semen. Both In ,·i/11 and r. , ,·i/11 conscn :1tio11 art' not being done properly in Balochistan. There is need for sp ceial1/cd planning for adrn:ving this largel. Polit:: in this regard is required for ru t me nmscrvalton or the 1 imal ( icnomL' or domcst ic Ii vcstock. 3.1.3 Challenges and policies 3.1.3.1 Animal genetic resources arc inadequately and inclfccti\ely managed and utili/cd because or incomplete charactcri/ation and dm.:umL'llta1io11. ,\lthough it is bdie,cd that rnluahlc genes arc t.:ontmned in our animals. thcSL' ha\'e neither h<.:L'n idcnti liL'd nor documented and. therefore. cannot b e protcckd. I o redr<'s., this situution, the g<ffer11111e1 1I 11·ill 1·,·,'..?,11/ul<' um/ facilitute cloc11111enwtio11 mu/ con.,·er1·atio11 ,?f genetic n•.,0111Tes m· ll 'C'// us rC'rie1r i11cli,!!,e11011s lil'eslock genetic re.,0I11n•. Fu rthff e.,Iohlis/11nc·11I of 1111C'/e11s herds o/ 111dige11011s hre!ed,· and .,·11ecies fi>r breedin g. clu11·,1l'fai::uI ion. cons,·n·ot io11 and 11tili::atio11 ll'ill h<' done . .-1 l.irestock gene• pool for .,torap,e of . I 11i111"/ g<'ne/tc • 10 nwlt!riul 11·i// he ,·e1 11p and lil·<·,rock rc,!!,is/ratio 11 and recordi11,!! .,,·l,e11l<'S ,rill he .,tre11gthe11ed 3. 1 .3.21nformation distribution ehar,H:tcn1cd ahout species. breed divcrsitv. pl:1 t,1ining to indigcnou~ potlllr) population han: not s11L''>. trends. and yd been proper!> /11 order to address thi\·, u .\lll'l'<'l 011 de111ogra11 hic distrih111io11 of ,,wci,•s. hrl'<'d,· and t ipc., of the i11cligl'11011., poulfJ:r hird, w ill h<' 11ncll!rtuk1•11 and thoroup,hly L'1'1d11atctl so as lO ide11f(/.I' JJO/e11thds for co11sen·atio11 <JI i111prow111e11/. /11 udclitio11. re.,·C'w·ch 1rork ,rill he done to line-hreecl /Julochis1t111 i11c/ige1w11s chicken to rt11se local commercial hyhrid ,·toc k 3. t.3.3 l\lan~ animal 11nprovcmcnl programs i n the pasl han: co11CL'l11ra1L'd ,111 cross lm;l·ding . or 11\\\ prnducin 11 non-dcscnpl calllc \\llh e·\O ttc semen. I his ha!-- i111pr0\ed lhe milk production in the progcn~ lo some e,tcnl. but som e indiµc11ous pmc hrcd :111in1.tls also µet nnssed 11' lhc farmers due to lack of knowled !!,e, thi!-> has rL",ultcd 111 lliss or some pure bn:d eatllc Sheep is being crossed" ith C"\Oltc breed 011 c:-.:perimcntal ha-.is. !he IIL'l cfli.:cl is an i111pro\'c111cnt 111 11011-descnpt cattle \\hcrc as pnidm:tion lro111 pure bred Inca! breeds l"l'llla 111s stagnant. I he cross bred sheep resu lted in I ill le i1npr!l\ cn1cn1 Ill\\ ard:-. llll'ilt production. There is a need to prLpare and im pkment -.ud1 brl·edi11~ polic) \\ h1d1 can bring improvement in indigenou-. breed-.. throug h sckcti, e brL•cding program. /11 1/,is regard. efforts will be 111ocle lo I1111,rm·c• e,is1i11p, hr,•ctli11,1!, 1wogrwII.I 1 /,rougl, col/ahomtion 11·ith rele1w11 stokelwlcler s. /1,e g01·em111,•11/ 11'ill //f'<Jfllole me!, hrcedin g pro,1!,r<1111 in ll'hicli WJ>aior xe11es will he d i.\se111i11ated i11 ru11Clo111 1>01mla1io11 ,f .,11ecie., 1hro11}! /J 01111111<1/ hrel'd111g, tool, ll1l' hrc eding program., 11 ill h1• d,•1e1·111im•tl to b ring I111proI·e11I1•11/ 111 i11dige1w11., w1111wl.1 , he nce ums1•1Ti11,!!, 1111r 110/tll'al ge11e1ic re.1 <Jurn•s. ,IJ>JWOJ>l'lllh' r11les <111(/ reg11/atw11s ll'i!I he e 11/i1rced 111 lwlfer I11,fltug,•, erf)loit U/1(! u. ,e ol u11i111al ,l!l'lletic rc.1011rn•s. I lte,H' rt',!!,llla11011.1 s/Jall t•.r1,•11t! ,·c11111oh/i• 111 all t111111u1I 1111•1 ie.1 J. 1.3.4 I he major constraint in trnpmving. production from a, ailahk , C;R is im1tlcq uatc idcntificatinn and recording !:>)stem rcsultmµ. in indi!--cri111i11atl' hrct·dinl!,. \\hidi illlpeded thl' dl'\ elopment or qualil) breeding. stm;k. CurrL'nll). the !->Upe nor qua lit) genetic material Im brl'eding. is bcynnd the reach ol' m ost smallhlilder forn1ers. I here i-.. a need to addre-..s lhL·sc issues and subsequent I~ f"acilitalc thc de, elopllll'nl in li,estm:k .!\el'tor. fl11hr, n',',!.llrd. (/,(' ,\!.(}1'1!/'IIIJ/1!11/ ,nil Willi) llll' CIICllll.\/1/S '" ,\{/'('/lgtll<'/1 hn•edill.'-! ,\'('/'1'/('('. \ a11cl i11l<!11.1i/l' exte11rn111 sen·tcl!.\ It 11·ill a/.,o n •1 'tl'l1 ' the 1rai11i11g l 11rril'11!ar for ///tr(l-l't 'I .\Ill// 1-itrmer., 11·i// regt.\/1!/' thetr llllf/1/ctl., 1r1th lin',\/oc/.. OC/)(trf111l'ltf /or /deJl((/i,·uf1t111 a11cl /Jt'<1d111'flo11 record k,·e1)(11g /,after IIIIS 1 r,// he .,/11/tet! lo hrel!dl!r ouocw/11111\· /acduu1 1•d h 1· /ii·1•11odi dc•11ur1111e111 17,i.\ 11 ill 1101 011(1·.fa cilit(lf<' lo it!l!llft/1 wul s,•leu ,u11<'rior sire s • • 11 /or /11fur<' hrec>clin,!!. prog,mm.\ hut ,,l•digree \loci.. ll'ill he ,m,iloh/e <11111 "rd, , I regular , -fwd u11 i11111ort ancl nport c1f .,1•11w11 c1ml /i n· w1mw/s 1rill he 1111cl< rtake11 '" al'oid ge11c/1cc,lfr 1r,111.rn1issihle disea.H•.,· 011d se111e11 h orn i11/ec.t1CJ11s 3 1.J.5 Pn:s<.:ntl) ,\rtilkial lnscminalillll scn ii.:cs ar<.: prm iJcd to kss than 5'!-o or thl' total cattle pl1pulatinn of Ball)<.:histan. This ha, n.:-..ultcd 111 rem arkable i11c1\·asc in milk pn,dui.:1irn1 in up-lands. ·1 here is a need to e,knd ,\rlificial lns1 ..·minalin11 -..en ice::- ll' rl·-,1 nl' the <.:attic p1ip11lati1m h111 "ith the s1.:mcn l'n1111 supL'rior sir es of' breeds pre, ail in;: 111 1111: rquon. Crn,;s breeding or nnn-dcs.:ripl 1(1,, producing loc al cattle "ill he cn111i11m:d \\ ith 1..·,otic l-rics1a11 semen to imprnn: milk pnidu<.:tion I he ( ;01·1•n1111c•11/ ll'il! <'stahlisl, 11e11· lrli/ici ul imc•111illltlio11 n•men 111 11reos 11'/iae this ji1cili11· is 11ot /1\'ailahle Semen //l'()(/11ctio11 11 1111,j,,r illlli,!!.e11u11s hreed\ 11 ill he esta/J/1.\hed ke<'J>illf!. i11 rit•11· the 111/wh,tulll o/ the ll!'eed. .\"c•111e11 .fro111 ,\llflc'rior .Hn• 11'i// lw made ,11·uiluhl,· accord111g Jo hreeclin}.!, 110!1< y ,!{the 11ro1·i1 1c<'. 3.1.3.6 ( ,c11«.:t il: i111pnivcmc11t 111 herds can bring 11ota hlc change in prod111.:tion pote11Lial or i CR. De, «.:loping <.:nuntrics arc spend inµ suhstantial am ounts to <.:atcr their 111..·eds. l11adcq11atl' budg1..·ta1~ rml\ ision for l.i\l.:stoek Department Bal o<.:l1istan i, ,1 hindram:e in carr~ 111g. out the acti, ities by various institutions. thu-. resulting 111 prO\ i-.ion ol poor scn ice, '/i, < '""f'le111c•111 the arailah/e 1111h/1c <'\pc•ndit ure 011 111,111,t.1.!.('111<'I1! of w1i11u,/ hr,·,·cli11g 11c/11•iti<'S. the g<>l'<'nlllll'llt ll'ill 11rm·ide the .rnitah /e /1111c/1· mu/ also t'I1L·o11ragl' lt'ndiug. llllti/11tio11s /(} JJl'Ol'ic/e Cl'l'tfit llf /£11"(}/"llh/(' (( '/"Im /o /ilrlllt'/'\ /ctl'lll<'f",\ • 01',l!,lll//:;(lfioll, /(I 1>art1C"t/)(tt<' in 011i111a/ hffedi11g 11m,'..!,l"il/1/S . 3.2: LIVESTOCK ~l'TIUTIO!\, FEEDS .\ND FEEDINC I he n1ai11 li,c:-tm:1-. lccds consist llf roughag«.:s, co 11<.:c111rates. 1111111.:rals ,111d, itamin-; 1 hl· major proportion nf du.:t for ruminants is rough ages that include grassc:- and hnl\\.'>C. lln,,c,cr. in hm rainf:.111 areas. \\here c,ll.:nsi,c liH·sto<.:k l,;ccping 1s practi<.:cd. there is ma,i111al :-.uppkmenlation ,, 1th <.:nn<.:entralcs a nd 111111eral'>. In 111!!1! rain foll arc.:a,. <.:nneentratc:-. 111ak1.· a small proportion or lin:stnck dicl ( ,rating ani111a l'> (caltk. ,hccp. g.oats. can11.:I, etc.) arc hasirall~ li.:d 011 natural H 'gl'latinn or IPdder s11pplcrne11tcd "1th <.:llllc1.•11t1atc for high ) iclding animals. l'hc conc« .:nlrat1..· incl11d1..·s ccn.:,il-; (111ai1L' \\ltcal. bark~. oats. mill et. cl<.:.). kµumcs and oilseeds c akes ( SO) beans. <.:oil, lit s1:ed <.:akc. etc.) and encrg.) source (molasses). lnen11-..ist1:nl .,up pl) or till' li.:cd at l.irn,., lead-. lo poo1 hl'alth. prnch1<.:tio11 and rcpmduct1011 I .iwstnck lcl·d al:crn1111s lill" (,0 80 p«.:rl'Cnt of' thl' production <.:osls in Ii, cslo<.:k fon11i11g. l.n·n in a ch ancL'ci prodt1LI i1111 s, -;tcm the cost of li.:ed still accounts lor more than (,0% nrthc total p rnd111.:11on <.:o::.1s. I Ill' lOSI orco111111erc1al l'ccd:- 1s ,.ii µrc.:al <.:1)11<.:ern to all the :-.takchnldcrs in I i, c:-.tod, -.c<.:tor I ligh fi.-cd costs affect compe1iti,1.:ncss ol' li\'cstocl,; indusl1). With th1.: p rojected rapid 1..•co11c11111c and population • • 12 gnm1h. ii is anticipated that the dl'ntand ol"animal pro tein \\ill im:n.:asc and llll" incn:asing production more ked is required at ceo110111ieal rates. /11 this regard /011· C'Os/ rations ll'ill he 1iro111of<!cl hawcl 0 11 ao11 l"<'sit!11n. Far111t'rs 11'/// he' /mined to /ltCJlan• si/ag,e one/ hm of tlie time' 11'/i('// .forc tgc' cwt 1s /011·. l hi., 11 ill /m ilitatc them tu /i•ecl their a11i111als dunng, cold ll'i1llff or II h e11 uh111ulw11 .fim1,t:e i., 1101 11\'u1/ah/1• F11r111cr 11ssoc1c11w11s 1r,// he 11ro111nt1•cl to estohlisl, their 111111 keel 11111/,· /or J>ro1·i\/m1 t!/ (!('()//( Ill/ i1 •c,/ /c'('d • ' ( he qualiL) of animal li:cd has been a ma. 1or c1111cern for lltn11er-... I ccd quality i1., ,hsess1.•d in terms of nutrient eomposit ion and pres1.·ncc ol lo: :1ns 11ml 111a~ harm animals. Pres1.·nt nutrition laboratory is 11011 funetinnal and is no t capahk en1111rh 1n calL:r thl· job. /11 order to acldre.,s the issue <!I c1110/itrfcccl g01·<'1"111 1n•111 11'ill 11111 i11 fl/11,, 1/w lll'n's,,w:i· i11stit11tirmo/.fi·a111t'1rork to <'11.\/lrt' 1w11cl11cl1011 and 111 11rkl'llll,t!. o/ good c1110/i1 1· /e<!d. 1-<!ecl 111c1111!/iwt11re'rs 1rt// also he e11co11rag<'d to or,ga11;::e tlr emseln·s to en•r, 1wes.rnre 101rard,· the i111/>rtJ1"c'lll<'III <?I .fe<!cl c111ality. V111ritio11 l,cthom t111:i· will he macle fi111ctimwl a11cl .,1re11,!! th<!11c·cl e11ougl, /<J cater th<' 10h. • I he rnnge 1.·m ironment is li·agik and depends 11iai11I) 011 rai111:ill. I n" ran1 foll and o,·cr gra1i11g resulted in degradation in some an:as. ·1 his ..ituation red11ces the eapacil~ lo support enough I ivcstod. h) the rangclantk It is 1l11.·reror c required tu ch.:velop slratcg1es that can protect rang.elands and support II\ estock in a sust ainable 111.111111.·r. /11 <Jrder to s11111wrt rcmgela11cl improre111e11t a11d pro tection it is i111portu11t to 111troc/11cC' r1111g(' land 11u111ageme111 hot!, in 1mhlic and prfrate se< tor. It cw, he occo11111lisll<'cl Ill' 111em11ri11g tll',lilahle d1:r 111e111er f1<'1' unit al cltf/l'n'tll ecolo gu al :0111'.\, lt1/r{ldl/( tio11 '!I /<'11, in}.!. rotational vrct::ill.l!., 110 .!!.rcrint> during s,·ecl shedcli1 1.'.!. owl /1F{IJ111gu11n11 ,!f' l'aluu/11<' /i>rag,• 11/a111,. these 11,e,1.rnre, ca11 wl,• c111ate~I' C'11ha11c<' the drr 11wllnl 1wruliwtio11 jro111 exi,ting rc111r,e.,. (1e11etic 11111w01·e1111'11t in ,m all r11111i1111111, 11er a11i111al 11rocl11c1io11 c<111 .fi1rthcr reduce hurd('II 011 t/11.>.w rc/11} .!<'S /11itw/l\"e, 11 tit alrn h,• 111<1de to /<1('1/1/<1/<! 111011itori11 !!. 011d co11trol <!( //,(' ra11g,e , ·i=<' mu/ ~ra-111g areas th<1t CII'<' 11er.,i.,1c•11/~\' hei11,t!. c{//l'C!t'd hy, .,hri11All}.!<' 1hro11,t! li t!('}!.radoti1111. urh1111 '''"f'Wt.\ic111. ,\('flft'lll<'lll\ 1111{/ l'IIC:l"OUChlll('/1/S. • It has been ohscned that prO\inec is afTct:ted h) droug.hts and fo111111e regular!) for tlw past t\\o decades. I lowever it mainl) alkcts pastoral people h~ human sulknnµ and loss nf' their li\\.~stocl-.. During the drou~d11. human s uffi:ring is a111cliorall·d to soml· e:>.ll'nt h) l:11111111.: food relief l lo\\e,·cr. alicr lhl' dr ouµht has l,1ke11 th toll. man~ households arc often kli \\ i1ho111 sullicirnt li,l'stocl-. to ,;ust:1111 their li\(·lilwods. I hen· ts a nel'd 111 111inimi1e animal losses during drought 111 order lo focilitate li1ster socio ccom1111ie n:co\'ery or their O\\ ncr-, a l'tcr the lapse or drought. • 13 '/'o ,·111111/('r Mwli l'lilnemh/e e.ffc•c1.1·. i11i1ia1i1'('., l//"( ' 11eedecl lo iJ1/11r111 lfreslock roisen ire// ill time. 11f rl11s .,taKe (',\1ah/1s/1111g 1<·111pm·w:i· mor ke1s. ussi\lw1cc• in 111igra1il1.~ lirC'.,lock. !tculth care of' w1i111ul,· ,t l,11111,111.,. prm·i.,·ion of'./ oocl and fe,•cl , ,111 /11r1'1a red11ce c•co1111111ical lo.,w., />mgru111., .for 111i1ig111i1111 (II/(/ p on•r/1· al/e1·iu1irm iJI liui.\11/1 1n//t 11/1 1/te rele,·,m1 ,toke'lwlden ll'i/1,!wther l,e/11 /orml'l'Sf or rcse1tle111c•11f 3.3. \ "l l '\-1 \ L DISEASES 3.3. 1 Contwl 11\c,;r animal disca'.'>CS i, i111porta nl ror the viabilil) and sw,taittahilitv llr the liH',hl(.:k scdor. Anima l disease!-. contribute sig1 1ilica11tl) lo low 11111d111.:ti, it} 01· form a11i111al!-> and iinprn.:t ncgat1,cl} 011 both lm:al an d n,111011.tl li,cstm:k trndc I he 11Hi-.t important 11011ccabk d1scasl.!s 111 llalochistan a rc hill! and \h)Ulh I >isca,c ( I ~ID). i tltra,. C'o11tag1ous lhn inc l'kurnpnl.!umn nia (CHl'I'). C. ·ontagious Caprinc Pkurop11cu111onia (CC PP) and '\;c\\ Castle D1sc a,c. (·merging nolu.:cabk di~ca,L·s. for c:-.a111plc ,\vian lntlucrva and C ( 111 arc or great e conomic an<l public health importance. I he other disca-;cs li~c "orms. n:producti,·c diso rders. mastiti .... :-.cours and tid, bornr discaSL'S also al'fcct li,cstock in the pn)\ incc and r esult in hc:t\) los,cs /oonotic diseases nL•cd continuous \'igilancc and control. Disc.hi. ! sun l'illa11cc ror cmcrgi11g and l\.' cmcrging disca-;c needs to be c,tablishcd on sound footi11gs . JJ,e ~m·,•rJ1111c•111 ll't!I Jake J1c•ces.,,11·v slep., lo a/loc ale ad,·i111111e !i111,I.,· to c'\'IC'11cl 1/,e . /11i1110I I lea///, ( 0 /Jn'rage 11wn• extc·11.,·il'e/r i11 !he JWOl'i11ce. 'lh<' 1 1rt1'(J/e l'c'/l'l'lllllt'I' ( 0 !iJ1ics II ill h<' L'/11'/Jlfl'<l.!!,<'cl. !tmn•1·er !lie e//ict1n· of' !he• 111etliciJJe ond htoluj! tc·ol H'i/1 h<' e11.1Jfred. ! /J,, . lni111ol di~ea.,·c'S . let 11·1/I he e11/orced/i1r h<'l'Jling l1J.\S<',1 (IJ 111111111101 t1llll t11.1i.,1 in disem,· l'I'< tdical ion. 3.3.2 I he chalkngcs faced in controlling dis eases an: ,marcncss among. farmers. discas1: con lirmal ion. madcqualc cp1dc111iolog1cal sun ci llancc. poor ud, crn1trnl a11d lad nr en ltm:cmt·nt 11f Ii\ cslock mm cmcnl rnlc, and t ransport of' prndm·l!-> and h) products across pr,1, incial a11d national borders. Inadequate h uman resources. lac!- ol fin:111cial a11d ph)sical rnpacit) arc abo affecting provisilln of V eterinary Sen ICL's. In addition. during natural di-.;astcrs like floods. droughts and fires. kss allcntion 1s g1,c11 lo animals with rcspcc.;t to !heir -.;un ival. In ore/a lo oddrt'.1·,· tlwve ~lwrlcomi11.1!.s, /lie .1!.m·er11 1111'11f ,rill 11111la1<tA<' to n·1·ic•11 11// //w relen1111 lc"gal slat Illes lo e11/iw1ce lrw·11w11i=a f10J1 111ul t 1111111r<'h<'J1Sil'<'l1t',\.1 ol tftl, rorio11.1 IC'g1,l111i1·1· s1a1111e, af./t'l'li11g 011i11wl heull/1. I ii<' gon•rn111e111 11 ill ,•.,10/i/i.,I, f/,(' IIC!n'.\.HII)' 111<•c/11111is111s Jo deed 1ri1!, e111ergi11g d1se{IS<',\ an d also 011e11t! fo ~ll/t'll n/ clllill/(/1.,· t!11ri11g ilisttS/l'/'\ , 14 J.3.3 I iek l.'.On trol scr\ ices arc \\cal-. mainly because there \\as 1H1 cn111pn.:hrnsin: plan. Which is a kading rm:tor of CCI II·. 111 the previous year-.. a pn~il'ct ,, a.., l a1111Ll11.:d to control lhL" (\,n~o h.•,e1. thi, pn).il'd ha, prod111.:cd marvelous re-..11lts and 11<, a n: ca,l' ol"Con~io !'ever w:11 .. wp1111n l alh:n,ard:-.. A cn111pn.:hcnsi,·c l"id, contrnl pni1•ra111 i-; mand 111 11:. '/i, ,1ddr<'.1.1 111(/J pr0Me111.1. the ,!!,111 <TIIIIH'/1/ 1ri// c.1toh/i.1/, me , hmlhlll\ that II ill prtJll/{}fc' l'lll'ir(}l/l/1£'/ll<1l(1· \Ct/c 1·,•t'for and l'<'c'lcw-hm·,u• t!iH 1ll.\<', 011/r(I/ /Jl'//'.!.l'lll/J.'i 3.3.4 Vet~:rinar:, drugs inspL•ction j.., curn.:nll} not under tlw con trol ol prok:..,ionab arlilmted ,,1th \Cll'rinary prnfcss1nn. I heir kgal pnlVis1011 is under th1.: :\l111 1str~ ot lkallh thro11gh thL· Pharmac.' ,\cl. l'his i::. resulting in abuse. misuse and ... nbi,eq11 1.:11'i: npll'-111!-' risk 11) eon,11111er-; or animal prrn.luch. !he goI·er1111w11t will 111ke Ill'< l'l.l<IIT 111ea1111·e.1 tu SL'/Jorute the I11,111a'l!,l'lllc'11/ 11/ n:ten11w:r drug,., /i·(/111 that o( '111111011 111edic11w and tra11.~ler co11tro l a11d regulutum of I·e1cn11111:I drug, to tin• ,\li11i.111y d<'aling. ll'it/, lh-estock a//i1irs . . t3.5 Balochista11 ha-.. pornu:-. borders with its neighhors: 111 adu1 1io11. there, ... little co11rd111a1ion and collahoralHlll \\ 1th the 11ei1,d1bors on disease control acro.., s the horde,. mal-.ing contnil or tran-.. hounda1.' diseases,, major challenge. I o lliif igal<' t/Ji., clurlle11gf!. t/Je < 1<J\'t'l'lllli<'III ll'ill s,·,·k c'ol/uhr ml/ 11111 ,rith 11t'iglrhori11g Silfies to ,\tre11gt/1e11 hot/, 11atimwl a11d regionlfl di wasc• .1wTe1/lu11c<', 11w11i1ori11g a11d co11trol. <1.1 ire// as prm·icli11}!. rapid n•1po11w lo c/Jcck the <'./l<·,·11· '!I cli,eas<' tJlllhreah J.3.6 I nr dll·eti,c disease diagnosi:-.. 1 i111al Disease Dia!!ll1lst ic llnii... arc c,scntial. 0111) one \\CII 1.:stahl1:-.hL·d unit i-.. \\orl-.in~ at prm im:ial hcadquai1l'r, \\hich j., in .idcquall" ltll the entire prm inn:. Iii hoosl tlu: ahilit1· o/' diag.1111,i., <!/ ,111i11wl tli1ea11• <'.(/,•1·111·e/\ t he l.,00I·1·m11wIIt 11·ill 11/1,!!,1"(1(/c tlw i11/i-a.1tr11c111re o/ the <'Xistill,!!. lahoroton1·1 u11tl <'11\111<' th:• ,·,11tl1/i1/1111,·111 ,f /11/fr 11wd<'r11i::e l>1ug110.1tic I.ah llf £'lie!, cli,1rict heacl,111,11·1t·r lo e11s11 n• !he JJl"II/J<'I" w11111ctl cli.,etl1<' d1ug110.,1s. JA A~IMAL WELFAIH: SERVICES , i111al \\dfarc can he delincd as the we lfare or an ind1, id11al :1111111:il in ih stale as re~anl-.: it-.. attempts lo <.:opc ,, it h ib cnviron111en1. It is 11s11all) L''\f)l"L 'sscd 111 till: j,1·e /r<!C'do111., of a111111al \\elforc: that is. frL·edo111 fro111 thirst. hu1 1Fcr a11d 111al11utriti(m: (i·ccdrnn lrnm di:-.eomfort: freedom from pain. i1~j11r) and di.,l':l' l'. 1·rel'dom In c:--.press normal bd1avim. and lina ll1 frccdu111 fro111 rear and d1stres: .. I he mcr;ill d>jcct1ve olthe p()lic) and stra1eg.1es for animal ,,dfarL· sL·1-vicc-; i., tn facilit ate iii.: prm i:-.ion and pron1otio11 or rc:-.pnn:-.iblc and hunwne care. ror 11ia11aµemc111 or :-.pOJt. c,1mpa11i,m,d1ip. ; • • 15 research. farm animals. pets and "ildlilc. ll is pro\'en that a nimal whost· \\L·lfan.: i, taken care ha, c hiµhcr prodm:ti, it~. /\111ma l welfare has bccn111c a11 1s,lll' 1n·ogniA·d b) OIi·. and \\' I O 111 matters nl 111tcrnation,tl animal and a111111al prnd 11d trade. I he c"sling kgal :111d pnlio f)l'O\ hillll:"I do 111>l adcquatd) spccif) the mks lor rclc,an t instit11t1ons. In addition. th\.·rc is inadcquatL' traininp. in anilllal ,H:l l~m· and SUJK'rvi<:ion. and capaL·it \ to monitor and minimi/L' cruelt, lo anima ls. and limited l'\lc11sio 11 on a11i111al \\cllarc issues. /11 orcl,•r to 11cco111111ocl111e lh<'se shortco111i11g,. the l' ren•111w11 of< 'rue!/\ to .111i11w/., 1ri// h,• wlclre.\\t'tl <'.(f,·clin·I.,· w acco111111m/111e c111im,,I II el/are l\.,ue. ,. 111rmt/{)r mu/ 11111igall' ,111i11111/ ahun•, i11<"rea,,• cnrun•n,·,, ah1111t i11111or/1111n• o/ 1111111wl II el/ure. 1111cl /ll'O/J/11/e ll'llil1II/}!. Ill <111i11111/ ll'l'f/ttrt! i, \'1/l'S. 3.5: LIVESTOCK \IAH.k.ETl"IG \NJ> VALUE ADDIT ION 3.5. I LIVESTOCK "\-1 \RKETJJ\G 3.5.1. l Marketing or liH:s111cf.. and livestock prnJucts is a maj,ir ,.:co1111111ic L'ntcrprio,;L' i\larkct ing pla \s an important role in th<.: Ii, cs of man: li,<.:stod. l;1nm.·r<: . In l~aloehista11. Ii, L'sltH.:k markdinp. is larg<.:I \ in the hands or private s<.:clor, the go,-crn n11.:nl 0111:- orli.:rs tacilitalion o,;cn lt:l'"· l'h<.: 1-e.' marketing agcnh include the pri,ate liu.: a11i111al trmk:rs. h111d1crs. and 1111ddk1m:n. ,\t the moment infrastructure (roads. hold111g sheds and ground,. etc.) j,; in potir state. and hence 1wt supporti,c for lin:swck 111arketi11g.. /',, i11111rm·c• the .,it11u1io11 C101·a11111<'11I ll'il! de,·e/011 one/ n •lwhilit11t,· lir<'.,lnd 111w·kt•ti11g i11/i'mtn1ct11n•. l?ece111/r lil'estock 11wrk<'I huildi11;: l,11., hee 11 cr111,11w tcd. ,rl,icl, i., o /Jcll"fl< 11/ar filace for /wlc/mK and 11wrketi11g the lire w1i11wl~ . \1111ilor hut/din,'.!,., ll'il! al.,o /)(' cOll\tructed in all district o/the prm·i11ce in order to i1111wm ·e local lin·.,1ock 11u1rk<'I. It 11 ill aim protect the e.,islin,!.!. l,olc/ing gro1111c/1 /i·o111 occ11111·i11,'.!, /11 /Wil'fttl' 1·111ity 3.S.1.2 / dTu.:,en t market inlormation is an essential elc111c 11t liH compclini• 111 Ii, csllll'k market. 111 a s~ stem "here lllarf...ct i11for111ation llo\\ is incnicicn t <.:rcati:-; market disiortions e, l'llluall) mal-ing thL' husin<.:ss t'\pcnsi\'c for hot It the pr od11ccr and consumer. l'oor market prk<.:s an: main h a result or po11r market in format ion s: stc111<: that al'l as a kc), I im it ing !'actor lo good 11wrket acct·ss. /11 rml<'I' tu 01·/!n tJJIW .wch distor1io11s a11d !heir 1:(/<'ct,, the < ;o,·er11111e11t II ii/ \It <'IIJ.!,lhe11 !il·e.m)('k market i11/or111otio11 -' 1:,1,•111 and /clC"ilitate i11 din e11111wti11g, 111/ormatum 111 hot/, tlw 1>rod11c<'''' one/ c1111sw11er,. ( :ii·inp, i111p{)l'fc111n' lo Jwic <'' i11 tl,•1er111111i11>1 lii-e.,tock />rOc/11( /ion l.'Xjlc'IIS('.I' (//le/ //ie/tlrtll<'I'.\' illC()/11(', f/,e ,1 '.0l'('rt/llll'/11 11'1/I C'S(UJ,/ish ll/('('/l(llli.1111., jill' stn·11gIhe11i11g I/1e 11wrket 111f'omwlio11 \l'Slems wul 111111111tio1 1uli:<' li11k11gl.', 1111h other 11utio11ul and 1111en1a11mwl 11111rke1, . 16 3.5.1.3Curre111l~. the market fiir camel milk anJ meat is li111itl:d 1\1 thl• s1H·cilic arl'as \\llL'l"l' signifii:anl p11pulation of camL•l c,i..,ts. As a rc-,ult ca111cl llll"ill and rnilf.. ha-, 1101 ~\ .1i111·d pc1pularit~ Ii I uilrln·.1.1 I hi., li111if C1f 1011, I he ~cJ1·en1111t•111 11·,lf ;>ro11111r1• / ll'fl< 1'." in,!!. 1/lld cum 1111111t 11111 o/ camel /Jl'cJ(/11, r, /or hot/1 lo, al 111/(/ external Ill/Irk.et,. 1/11·1111}!/J ,·or,011., i111·e ,t111e111 111ce11111·e,· w cu111el 1uw/11ct 11mn1ssi11,t!. /uC1litie.\. 3.5.l..t I 1n:stnc~ prodw:c such as meal. 11111~. cg.g,; and 1hcir h)produ-:ts p,a) critical roks in rnsuri11g I ond '-;ccurn~. Ii\ i..:liliond and rural dewh1p111c11t in H:1l,>d1ista11. I lo\\ c,·er. 1radi11011,il \\:I) ofmarkct111g.11L'l:'·"1i,cl) afl~·L'h li,estnl:k pniduclion. /'l,e }!.Ul'cr11111e111 ,rill 1•11clem·ur to en,11re co111/h'fllin•111•1·s o/' loctl! JJ/'11d11C'ls h t imtul li11.'i!. 11en•.1s,11y mec!t,1111.1111, r!tat 11re al-n'pta/ile /or 111,1rk1•ti11.~: t/1(' /,1·c1/ul k at II eight a nd ,!!..radi11,I.! h111·i., i11 hot/, re,!!.,io11al and i11h'ma1in1111I 11wrk1•1,·. J.5.2 Value ,\tldition 1 IH.' 111<1111 liH•..,tock product'> induJc 111ilk. 111L'al. hide. ,kin and w()ul. < >tlier pn1ducts l ike bone,. blond, i'L·athcrs. hoo, cs and hnrn.., are w,cd in an i111al li.:cd manufoct11ring indu :,lt'). ( 'urri:111 I). I h L'~lllck prnduch arL' markdcJ in nl\\ limn lo otlrcr prm l"L"L'' "illH 1111 va lut· addit11111. Cn11sL·que11tl~·. 1his translates 1<1 hl\\ L'arn111~,.., lnr lire pn•d111.:L'f', k \\L·r crnplo)lll<.:nt nppo11L111i1ies and lo\\ lim.:ign c,changc earning ;111l, limih tcch11o ln,:!~ i1111uv,11io11. t ,mcn11111.:nt has lo rcL'llg lli/L' thi.: i111p()rl;1111:c tll V:1 luc a, 1di1iu11 i11 l11L'-.tnck pniducts \'aim: addition i~ largL'I) constrain1.:d h) hiµh co,1111' inH·..,tnwnt llCCL''-":11) liir the a1.:lp1i..,itilrn or cquipmc111 and uthcr tcclr11olng.ie" I ack ol' sLilk•d 11rn111hl\\L'I' a lso .11"kct-. Ill'\\ tecluwlog) de,L'111pmcn1 and uptake. cspcciall) 111 ,,due a,ld1 ion ,cnltire s. lu w, ,•/fort 111 1•11cow·11,!!.t' i111·e.11111,'III i11 /il'e.110, A-/Ju\1'd 1·11/111' udc/11,1,n 1'1/l1'1 f'r/11•., Ill<' \J,mstn 111 charge o/ /ii'e.,tock a[fi1in. ,rill clereln11 111c,•111h <' 1111, hc111n111s /o r the J>/'(}\/l<'l'lfl' 11/' cofla,!!..e i11cl11sfri1•, and /11rge .,c,,I,, l'Cdill' ,uldi11'.!, 111clu111·1. I /w ,11.c 11·,•r1111w111 ll'ill 11/.,0 11111/.;,, dcliheratc i~//111·1, fil /11cilite11e clc1·elo11111,·111 of ., J.i/1., ,11ul m/011111111 <~/ "l'fll'll/>l'la/c' 1·a/11e wlclitio11 /('< ·/1110/0;: ie., i11 Ill<' S('< for f, 11rtlwr111 11rl' i11/ru1tr11ctwa/ dere/11/"lll!llf 111 Clf>/11"11/ll'IUI<' 11 "'. is also rc1c1111red (or fll 011er ,•1101>/1.\/,111 nt. /11 t/11.\ r e:,:,urd, <111 C1/I/W1JJ//'ie1te o//in· lo coo-,11·d111at1' all lii-e.1tn, A htl\ill . . ,, 1111d 1·(,/1w 11tld11i,m i111tiatil'C ' 11'/// />1• 1'1/,,/1//\/,('i/ Ill r/11' .\lilli\(/'\' 3.<,: 1.1\'ESTOCK RESE,\l{CII J.6.1 <..;1ron1,? I .i, L'stock RL'scarclr institution 1s .i kl·y l't1r cnlianl'irtP prnd11l:t1rn1 potrntial nr li,i.: ... 101.:k i11d11 ... l1) and im~mni11g li,e,lnck industr). ('urrrnth. 1l11.:r1.. a,,· a fL'\\ i11stit1 1ll's 1ha1 can addrt•ss thL' I i, L'sllh:k l{csean.:h. I hcrL' is laLI, or I i, c ,tm l l'l•s ... ·.irch llll lls tn .. • 19 To 01'<'rco111e t/Jis clwlle11Ke, the )!Jl\'l'/'1/111('111 will estuh/1sh the eur~\' 1rami11g .,ys11•111v (Ill(/ cnwn- thur ,wch s 1:,1c111s arc ire// coordi11atccl amo11,!! ,\I all n'l<·1·u11I imt1l11tiu11s to corer u/1 diso.,·tl'I' l'ld11l'rahll! oreus. \ ll't!i11111 term and long, /er111 f1lu11.1 jiJJ' l!llll'l' !!,1!11£)' f)n'/)(tr<'c/111'.\.\ 1ri// ul.w hr: e.1tuhli\hl'd. Special F11mls 11ill he ,·11s11rnl i11 the ht1t~'.!,<'I lo co111hlll flit! a/or111i11K situlllions. 3.7.3 Cie11tft,r: I he c:\i-;ting l,ms on gender prm ide parity or riid1Ls and pri\ i kPl", for both men and ,,omen. It is kll(m n that l'or various adi\ ities i11 the liH:slol'k sector. ,,omen co11trib1111..· bd\\cen 35 •15% or the labor force especially in rural arl·as. I raditionall) women \\ork longer than men. yet the) lack access to land and cn:d il facilities. To address this dichotomy, an effecti,e gender sensitive approach i-, needed in designing. and implementing ,arious imervenlions. lnitiati\CS in development or li,·c-;tock sector should l'ocus 011 both equality and equity. 111 thi., regard the ,Wi11ist1:r o//in•stock a//oirs. in co//11horrlf1011 11·irh s111kl'lwlden. ,rill del'elo11 .1·11ecic1/ gent/a hased pmgram.\ for l\'0111('11 e1111w1n'tlllellf enahling 1he111 in llccess <?I e//icie111 /Jroducfion /ucilities like credit. lll11d. IC'c/1110/ogy 011d morket i11/on1101io11. J, 11rther gender is.we.,· ,rill he incorpomted w 11111ch 11.\ possih/e in all li,·estock extension a11tl research mes.,o~e.1· through pr11·/ic1pa1111:\' <1J)J)/'1111('/n•, J."'A I'."' . Ii I" Three t) pes or pastoral production system arc prae11ccd 111 Haloch1sta11 i.e. Nc\madic, l'ranshumant and Sedentary. Gross revenue comes from these systems or livcst<ick produdion or related activities. Pastoral people use natural land n:so11rccs liir g.nving. their herds. !'hey make use of water and fodder. the a,·ailability or which ckpcncls on area and season. It is estimated that pastnrali!-.111 provides din:ct cmplo: mcnt and livelihood 10 thousand-. or the Ii, cslock rearing. indl\ iduals. Number or childn.:n i11cn:ases c,·cry year \\hich go to school and <lo not learn how to manage livestock vlorenH:r dul! lo repeated droughts these pastoral people arc facing much hardship and olkn alian<lon the pastoral Iii<:. "/'lie ( ;11,·e1w11e111. in partners/1i1> with other sfakelwlcler.,. 1ri// c11,1fin11c to .\11/J/)(JI'/ f)mtcmilis111 as ,·iohle production si·stems ,rhi/e e11co11rogi11g dil·c'ni/icotio11 of the /Utsloral ecmu1111y to h,'l~~" pastorul /i1·c•li/10od\· agomst rn/11aahi/i1 1· to dro11Khl, /700(!.,· and cil•i/ conflicts. 3.7.5 Capacity Buildinj.!: I IKrc is only one inslitulc "1\11i111al Science l11-;1i1111c al ()uctta" \\·h1ch oflcrs different types of courses and trainin!J,s rclatcc.l to livest,1d product inn anc.l disease control nKchanism. I lo,vL'\'Cr. at c.listrict len.:1 I .i, e-;tock training pmgrams in • • • 20 disease c1rntrol and livestock production has also been organi/cd. I he content \H' s: llabus of most training modules f1.icus on li,estod.: product1011 aspct:ls with little emphasis on value addition and marketing. of lin:stod. products. I rai11in1,?. l'rogrnrn for pri\'atc candidaic-.. animal breeders and livestock holders has not yet bcrn started \,hich is most mandator: f<.n employment. l'o ({(/c/ren these c/l({l/e11ges. the de1wrt111c11t ll'ill re,·h,,,, tire cn11ne u11cl sy/lahus. /i-ui11i11g 1wogru111 for breeders /i,·estock .fc11wer 11·ill he i11i1iuted J'/w ,\/i11is11:1· /or lh·e~toc/.i ll'ill ensure prm·isio11 offi111dvjin· rhe pw·pose. Ur,•stock I mi11i11,I!. !11stilllli> H'i/1 he e,\la/i/1.,hed lit di.\tricl /en•/ 11·/JL'/'e pril'll/e 1n•r,,1J/111el 11·i// /)(' lrlli11ed i11 lii·<'slock disease co11lrol (Ill(/ f'l'Od11ctio11 lllllllllge111e111 10 /acililllli! e1111ifo,·111e11I. 'fire gun·r11111e11t 11·ill estah!i.,h 111eclw11is111s to proride pru/i!ssionally allll lffl111icu/~1· /fl{(tli/i1•cl per.,,11111cl j(Jt the f)lll'/H>se. i11L' 1!.<>rcn1111e111 1ri// collahorale 11•ith the 1111il't•nilit•,, //llcl olha lrlli11i11g, i11sli/11lio11s for curriculo lo gire ,!! realer e111plwsis 011 d<'l't'!o1mw11I n/' ,/.ii/ls in \'(/fife addition a11d 111orketi11g . 21 l'lSTITllTIO'IAL AND LEGAL FRAME WORK U. INSTITllTIONAL FRAMEWORK U .l 1'11c minisln ol" Ii\ cstock a!Tairs has the 111a 1or responsihilit::, o!' creatin:• and pr11111oting suitabk Cl1\ iro111rn:nt for in,estors in I 1vcstock llldustry. throll!'h de\ clopment or effective policies and strategics. I his \\ ill be achic, ed through I .i,estod, & Dair::, De, elnpment Dcparl1m:nt. 4.1.2 I he lkpartment is mandated to crealt: friend!) environment for proJuclion or li,cstock and Ii, e:,locl-. products in a su-;tainahlc manner. I IO\\C\Cr. current I~ 11 lacks lcg,..,lati,e mandate to clTccti,cl::, ca1T) out its 111andale. I hcrcfo1-c. this 11rnk 1:-.. 11 \'lllncrablc Ill changing institutional arrangcmcnts. I he department rocti-;cs 111ai11I::, 011 a11i111al nutrition. animal breeding. animal husbanclr) . range de\clopincnt and li\'\:slod 11iarkcting. ll1e lkpart111cnt has also mandate or conducting suneillam:e and rnonitoring of disease outlm:ab. and the control and erad icattng. or major Ii, estock d iscascs to create an enabling e1l\'iron111ent for imprO\ed livestock production. 1-'lirtlter. rc~,ponsl' is req uired lclr tit:\\ and emerging challenges like CCI I I-'. a, ian i111lue1va. drnughh 1:1c 'Ji, addrc.\s 11e11· chulle11ges and e11h<111ce se1Tices tlw \linistn• will 1111dcrf!JI rc•str11ct11ri11g a11d reorgt111i=C1tio11 '/,, enhance e/Jiciel/l'.I' i11 use id" n•\1111rce.,. dil·isions ll'ithin the I ii·estock department ll'ill he lwmwni=ed C111d rati,mC1li::ed /'he 111111istn also rl'cog11i:::es tl,e role o/' dUJi.,renl i11stir11tio11s in /il'estock c/('l'e/o;n11e11t /11 thi., regard the ,':-!,m·er111111111f 11·i// estuhlish lh·11stock ( '0111,mllees hased 011 stuk('/,11/dcn . 1.1.3 I he I I\Cstock M1:at ( ommi..,sion has not yd been l'Stablishcd. \\h1cli i·, mandaton to acquire. 1:stabl1-.h and operate abmtoirs. It will be responsibk to gm l'lll processing or meat by -products. frcc/ing. cann1ng and storing or bee( mutton. poultr~ and other roods for consumption and e:-.port. It \\ ill promote beer and mutton pr1,dt1ctio11 and its marketing. It \\ill regulate and encourages the private and gmcnllncn1 "laughter liou-.cs in the pnl\'illcc. Ii> C1ddre\s this issue l.h·estock 1\ feut ( '01111111.,sio11 iri/1 h<' estC1h!1.,!l<'cl to 1111dertC1ke the e11tire i,.\11es ,,atw11i11g to meal i11dnst1T u11d to addrns tli<' otlu!I' /1/"L'\'llilinp, /cl('/or of meat murketi11g am/ ahetlor.,, h ip.iem'. h111mm /,ea///, (II/(/ <'lll'iro11111e111al degrac/011011. It ctl.w i1111wm·e tl,eir she(! /{le 111 ordC'/" lo make /ireslock meal 1wod11c!s //CC<'ss1h/e cl11ri11g 11eriml., o/dro11ghls wul lo export lll'('Slock 1wod11cls lo the 111tc·m,1tio11t1/ 111urket.1 U .-1 1'11e Bulm:histan Dair) De\el1)p111cnt Board ( 1)1)13) is proposL'd tu e-..1al>I isli . regulate. organi/e. and de, clop an erticicnt dair~ industry. 111 the past Dair~ DL·\ cl11pme111 Board JI • department, tog.ether 1l'it/J the J..e \' ,10/..e/10/ders. ll'ill wJ..c tlw 111•,·cs,\/11·1· stc111 to l'11St11·e /imnotion mu/ s11stai1whilit1· of li,rmer 01J!,0111::atio11s. .i.2.3 DL·1 L'lnpmcnl partner., comprises or cnopcrat i\'c organ i/al ion'>. bi lati.:ra I and 11111 It ilalcral donors and charil) organi/ations. I hn arc imp(// ltml 111 1wm·i.,·ion 11/ resollff<'S. tech11ic11I 11ssi.11w1n·. trm11111,'.!. (Ill(/ .1/wrill,I!. i111er11otio110I 1•.rperie11cc. ( ·oorcl11wtt!cl 11.\\i.1ta11n' ji·11111 1/w dereln11111°111 11m·111crs 11'd! n111ti1111c lo 11/01 1111 illljl<Jl'/0111 rule in 1wm·1t!111g a1·e1111cs /or 1/,,· clen·lo/lflll'llf of /,n•stoc J.. sector '/11e!'(:fi/J'e p,m·er11me11t 11,!/ji,sta clowr C<J<J/ll'l'C1lio11 11 it/, such JJOl'fllen /11 1·11s11re IIWXilllll/11 fl!'lll'/it1 fo f,ll"l'StOl'k ,I('( tnr U l,E(;AI, FRAME-WORK Wcal-:11L'sscs in kg.al and institutional framework arc dcp1ctccl in this policy document a., t,nc tif the main contributor in limiting thi.: pcrlinmancc of' livcswcl- industr). I he kc) \1cak11csscs obscr,cd include the regulatinn am! focili1atio11 ol' ani111al hrl'cding -;nv,ccs. reed & li1dder prodm:t1on. lad, ol ra11gela11d manaµement. i11adcqualc \ l'llT111ar) servil.:c~. n:gulatinn of \eterinar) medicine. resolution nr li,eshick co111lich .. 1-.,surancc ol qualit) or Ii, estock rnpuls and products. coordination of' research. c:-.:tl'11-.;ion. inlimllation. 111n11itnring and evaluation ol'pro jeds and prngrams. I o addres., the ahm·e d1alle11.!!,<'S. a rer1e1t' of /ego/ 011d i111111111io11al frc11111•11·,irk jor lil·e,1·1ock sc>ctt11· ll'ill he 11mlertake11 tofocilitote the dere/Oflllll'III o/o ,·011/J)('film' lil·estod 111dw11:i· in Noloc/11sto11. FIN,\NCING OF TIIE LIVESTOCK SFCTOR 5.1 Sl'1.:t111· Fumlin~ Sinc1.: I CJ90 the l'undin!). for livestock sector is dccrcasin!!,. l·unding. 1(11' lcL·di11r. medicine. research. Ii, e,trn:k education. documentation. infrastructure. breed con-,c1Yation. e.\tcnsion scn ices. information tcchnology. communication and 111:iinlL'llarn:c has gone do" n. I he contrihut10n 111 GDP from l.1, estock ~cctor is still incrca-;ing. contim111usly. I his lllakes a huge discrepanc~ for the sccto1. lncrcasl'd l'u11di1tg li1r livL··;tm:k ,l'dor will contnlmtL· sign II 1canll) 111 nat1011al de, eloplllcntal goals . /he go1·e1w11c11t ll'i/1 11w/.;e 11ccc·,\,\£N:I' ('//iJl'I.,· fu 1110/Jili::c & ,·0111111('/ll'IN 11/e re.,"11n·,,., for liw.w,ck d<'n'l"t"11e11t l he gon·m111e111 ,rill 11111hlli=e co11111le111e111ar1 resoun e., /or re0ruli:mg lire.,1ock research 011d derclop111e111 1u·tiri111•, lr 11·,/I de,·el"f' ji111di11g, 111odal11ies ucc11rdi11g lo 11eecl a11cl re.~ai11 //w potential hack 011 lrack ill II\ <.:\luck. seclur. 5.2: Cn•dit Prmision 5.2. 1 Li\l.:st11cl,. prodm:tion ha-. been ha111pered h~ l<m operating capital ol In cstncl-. prmluccr-.. and tr:Hkrs. ( ·urrcntl). the smull scale Ii, l'Slod. li1rn1cr.., ;m• n.:.-.rn11cl' puor :111d ca1111ot afford the cost or credit lrom the cnll\ eel ional lina11cial institution-.. ( ·ouplcd ,, ith risks associated,, ith li,cstod forming the J\g.m:ullural De1clnp111c11t nank i-, c,trndi11g. credit tn largl' seak l11estocl,. n,rmcrs. ;\kehantsms for prm iding. alfordable cn.-dit to both small and large seall' 11,estoel- farmers lll'Cds w he established. 5.3 /11 !hi\ regard. !111! gm·('/'1/llll'llf 1n// de1'<'l011111eclw111,111s <?f extelllli11;:. fft:cli! /on/11ie., ji,r hot/, small wul large-scale lii·c•stock .fam1en tlm111gh n•1·it11li::atio11 P/ exisfill,t', 1111h/1c institution\ .\I/eh us l.il'e.,·toc/.; l·i11011ci11g ( 'oopa11ti1m I he g,u1·t•r11111e11/ 11 ill ol.\C1 e11co111·ap,<' pri1·11te sec/or, coo11<'i'lllil-e societies, ji,rmer gro1111x, \ < ,'( J, e111tl ('If()., /or t1ch-a11ce cffdi1., lo lit'e,lock /armen. /11 Cllldi1io11, thl' gm·c•r11111e111 11·1/I ha,·<! to /on1111!11te m/l('r lc).!,11I /iwne1rnrk.\ 11/,ich ,n,11· he 11en'SSW)' .for .facil1tc11i11,~ c rec/i1 pn11·1s1011 lo tll'e,,ock 1,,rn,<'r.,. Plan ning,, lkn•lopm cnt , Monitoring a nd I•., a lm1tio11 . 5.3.1 Co111prd11.:11si, c Planning&. DcYcloptm:nt is needed to addn:,s the future prospect i, e and dell·lopment pnlicics and project I ,isting struetun: 1s 1101 t'fficirnt l'IHHt~h to c,11er Lill· joh. I ln:rl· i-.. :t need tn strcngth1.:11 the e.'1sti11g sclup. Critical l\lo11ilori11g and I ,:1luatio11 is required for a-:hie, 111g. the right goals. ·1 his can he achieved b) im,tilut ing an c!Tccti, c rcsoun.:l' use monitoring and a ,,ell coordinated information & 111anag.e111cnt s~ stem. i\li11i.,·tn of lii·<'\tock o//i1irs 1ri// enrnre efficient /1/01111111,P, /)en·l0111111•111. \lnnitori11g ,~ 1~·1·,,/1101 ion Si ·s/<'111 in l .ire.wock ,\'l'c IOI' .for .,triLI wll1<'J'l'IIC e to 1·11riu111 clc•1·elo1J111ent iSSlll'\ all(/ 11s rl'g11l011Cms. ,111 apprCJ1wioh' ,\t'\/c•m will he 11111 i11 1>lac£' 111 order to e11.\111·c• corn•ctil·e 111c•a111re.,· are 1ake11 al J>roper lime. '/'c, !hi., <'lld a 1w11 odire i11/or111atio11 111t1J1<11!,eme11/ am/sharing .\ 1'.\fl'III 11ill he il/\ti111tic111<1/ized