Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028

Republic of the Philippines Department of Environment and Natural Resources Visayas Av nuc. Diliman. Quezon City Tel. Nos. (632) 929-66-26 to 29 • (632) 929-62-52 Website: http:..www d nr ov.ph Ema web@denr.gov.ph DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER No. 2020- 13 OCT 13 2020 SUBJECT ADOPTING THE WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTION PLAN (WildLEAP) 2018-2028, AS THE NATIONAL ROADMAP IN ADDRESSING WILDLIFE CRIMES In pursuit of Republic Act 9147, which provides for the conservation and protection of wildlife resources, the East Asia Declaration on Combatting Wildlife Trafficking adopted by the Philippines in 2014, and the Philippine commitments under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028, attached hereto as .. Annex A .. , is hereby adopted for infonnation, implementation, and guidance of all concerned. The WildLEAP 2018-2028 is consistent with the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP) 2015-2028 and serves as the national roadmap in addressing wildlife crimes. It also serves as a guide in prioritizing enforcement actions, fund sourcing/allocation, and evaluating the impacts of enforcement work in the country. It identifies six ( 6) strategies, namely: (I) Policy and System Development; (2) Networking and Coordination: (3) Capacity Building; (4) Communication, Education, and Public Awareness (CEPA); (5) Improving Governance, Curbing Corruption; and, (6) Reporting. Monitoring and Evaluation. Each of the six strategies provides its objectives, interventions. targets. indicators, and timeframe. The DENR Regional Offices and the Biodiversity Management Bureau (8MB) shall disseminate the WildLEAP, undertake public awareness. campaigns, lead in its implementation, and coordinate with relevant agencies/offices to ensure efficient and effective implementation by alt concerned. All DENR Task Groups that are already in force and those lhat will be formed after signing of this guideline including Law Enforcement Agencies already established and will be established after for the enforcement of environmental laws shall be guided by WildLEAP in the planning and in conduct and enforcement of wildlife laws, rules, and regulations. The WildLEAP shall be reviewed every three years and updated, as necessary, to integrate relevant developments on wildlife law enforcement. Funds for the implementation of the WildLEAP shall be included in the annual budgetary proposal of the DENR Regional Offices and 8MB. All Department orders, circulars, and other issuances inconsistent herewith are hereby amended, repealed, or modified accordingly. If any provision of this Order is declared invalid or unconstitutional, any part or provision not affected thereby shall remain in full force and effect. This Order shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in a newspaper of general circulation and upon acknowledgment of receipt of a copy thereof by the Office of the National Administrative Registrar (ONAR), UP Law Center. PUBLIC ATIOi~: Daily Tribune January 8 2021 i'.CK:lc •,:.:~OO~}st:T: lJ. P 1lw cp,'TE~ ":an'.. -:r~t l •~ ,- ,,?1 WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTION PLAN (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 MESSAGE The Department of Environment and Natural Resources is committed to push for people-centered agenda in pursuit of environmental protection and sustainable development. It shall continue to institute reforms, and pursue programs and projects that would truly protect the environment and improve people's lives. The formulation of the Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 through a multi-stakeholder consultation process is one such measure designed to assure the involvement of all concerned sectors in this gargantuan task to combat illegal activities against wildlife. Indeed, there is a need to hamtonize and intensify efforts of law enforcement agencies to arrest and hold the violators accountable for their acts against the voiceless creatures. With the WildLEAP 2018-2028 guiding fund-sourcing. resource allocation, prioritiz..ation of enforcement activities, and evaluation of impacts of enforcement work in the country, we would vastly improve our capability to address illegal wildlife trade and protect biodiversity in the archipelago. I thank the Biodiversity Management Bureau (8MB) for leading the working group in the formulation of the WildLEAP 2018-2028. r:1'1<:.v­ ROY:. tJMATU Secretary. DENR MESSAGE The active synchroni.r.atmn of enforcement personnel has led to a significant curtailment of illegal activities on wildlife throughout the country, but there is )et room for impro\'cmcnt. Alarming developments pomt to the Phihppmes having bt.-cn madl! a transshipment and destination point for wildlife trad~ across national borders even as we guard against the encroachment of poachers within our temtory. Inter-agency collaboration in wildlife enforcement is necessary in our all.out war against poachers and traffickers of wildlife spccit.'S We laud the efforts of the Biodiversity Management Bureau at dC\doping the Wildlife Law Enforcement Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028. This will indeed serve as a much-needed guide for law enforcement teams as they collaborate in efforts to curb illegal wildlife trade. WildLEAP sets out to clarify roles and responsibilities of local and national agencies 111 addressing poaching. smuggling and illegal trndc of wild flora and fauna. especially our endemic species. IL~ implementation will surely lead to 11nprovement~ in wildlife law enforcement to assure future generations the bc..~cfits of our natural patrimony. We enjoin every Filipino to be vigilant in protecting biodiversity and to take active part in efforts to combat illegal trade of wildlife resources . ArrY. . ADOHO •. JR, CESO I .u-y and Chair. Philippine Operations Group on Ivory and Illegal Wildlife Trade Wildlife Law Enforcemem Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Table of Contents Foreword... . .. .. . . . . . . .... . ..... . .. . . .. . . . .... . . . .. .. . . . ... . . .. .. . . . ..... . . Page No. Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u Tables and Figures. . ..... . . . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... iv Executive Swninary. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v PART I. State of Wildlife Law Enforcement in the Philippines 1.0 Introduction 1. 1 Background and Rationale. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.0 Policy Frameworks for Wildlife Law Enforcement 2.1 International Frameworks........... . ............ . .. . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . . . . ... 3 2.2 Regional Frameworks, Declarations and Mechanisms.. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . 4 2.3 National Policies, Programs and Plans 2.3.1 Republic Act (RA) 9147 or the Wtldlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (Wildlife Act). . . . . .... . .. . ... 7 2.3.2 Republic Act 7586 or the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act.. . . . . . .. . . .... . . . ... . . .. . . .. . . . ... .. . .. .... 13 2.3.3 Republic Act 9072 or the National Caves and Caves Resources Management and Protection Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 14 2.3.4 Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP) 2015-2028.. .... . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.5 National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan (NISSAP) 2016--2026. . .... . . ............. ........... ........... .. . .... . . .. . .... 15 2.3.6 National Ivory Action Plan. . ........... .. .. . ....... . .... . . .. . . . . ... 16 3.0 Species-specific Conservation and Management... . . . . . . . . . 17 4.0 Support Policies for Wildlife Law Enforcement 4.1 Republic Act 3019 or the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act. . .. . .. 21 4.2 Republic Act 9512 or the Environmental Awareness and Education Act...... . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 22 4.3 Supreme Court AM No. 09-6-8-SC Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases.. . . . .. . ... .................... . .......... . ... ...... ... 23 5.0 The Philippines' State of Affairs Against Wildlife Crime 5. 1 The Philippine Justice System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 24 5.2 Policies, Programs and Activities of the Five Pillars of Criminal Justice to Address and Combat Wildlife Crime 5.2. 1 Law Enforcement Pillar. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.2.2 Prosecution Pillar... . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. . ... 34 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (Wildl.EAP) 2018-2028 5.2.3 Court Pillar... .. ... .. . .. ... .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . .... 35 5.2.4 Corrcctioml Pillar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.2.5 Community Pillar (focusing on the LG Us). .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.3 Results and Outputs of Policies, Programs and Activities. . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.4 Partnerships and Collaboration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.5 Findings and Observations. .. .. ... .. . . .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. .. ..... 41 PART II. Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WtldLEAP) 2018-2028 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Framework and Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 1.2 Objective.. . . . ..... .. ... . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. ... .. . . .. .. . 45 1.3 Methodology... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . ......... . 47 2.0 WLE Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Thrc2.ts (SWOl).. .. . ... 51 3.0 WLE Strategic Agenda 3.1 Vision . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61 3.2 Strategic Priorities and Interventions .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . 61 3.3 Action Plan. .. .. . .. .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . 64 3.4 Funding Requirements.... . . .. .... . .... .. ... . .... . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . 81 Acknowledgment.. .. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 FOREWORD The Philippines. with its many seaports and airpons. is a known transshipment and destination point of wildlife and wildlife by-product, for illegal trade. It, however, is also a staunch advocate in combatting such trade, including those traded through international crime syndicates. In 2013, about five tons of seized elephant tusks were destroyed in a widely~ publicized ivory crushing, making the Philippines the first member-country of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), as well as the first non-elephant range state. to take such a publi1.: action. Illegal Wildlife Trade ([WT) has also been identified as a direct threat to populations of wild fauna and flora, and has contributed to biodiversity loss in the country. It is in this context that the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, through the Biodiversity Management Bureau (DENR-BMB) continues to institute measures to address IWT and wildlife law enforcement, consistent with Republic Act 9147, or the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 200 I. and other relevant laws. policies. rules and regulations. The Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 has been formulated, through a multi-stakeholder consultation process, to fight illegal activities against wildlife. especially for those species falling under the jurisdiction of the DENR. We give due recognition to partner agencies, as well as the various stakeholder groups and individuals who have shared valuable inputs and actively participated in the development of the WildLEAP. Now, the more difficult work of implementing identified interventions begins. Together, let us work to enforce wildlife laws and combat illegal wildlife trade and other wildlife crimes. t c~~AMJJ"W,MI;\-.:NE P. RODRIGUEZ 0~~~1;:t;r,~~ 1 i:~i 1 ~ersity Management Bureau, DENR Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\V'ildl..EAP) 2018-2028 Acronyms AFP AO ASEAN ASEAN-WEN BFAR BMB BOC BOC-ESS-EPU CBCF CBD CHED COP CITES DA DcpED DENR DO) DOJ-NPS DOTr DOST ERDB GEF GPS IAS ICCWC IEC IOBC IPAF l..EAs LGU MARLEN MBCFI MCS MG NAI.A NALECC NALECC- SCENR NBI NBI-EWPID NIPAS NGO NISSAP NM Armed Forces of the Philippines Adrninistt2tive Order Association of Southeast Asian Nations Association of Southeast Asian Nations-\X'ildlife Enforcement Network Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Biodiversity Management Bureau Bureau of Customs Enforcement and Security Services Environmental Protection Unit Cebu Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Convention on Biological Diversity Commission on Higher Education Conference of Parties Convention on lntcrmrional Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Department of Agriculture Department of Education Department of Environment and Natural Resources Department of Justice National Prosecution Service Department of Transportation Department of Science and Technology Ecosystems Research Development Bureau Global Environment Facility Global Positioning System Invasive Alien Species International Consortium on Combatting Wildlife Crime Information, Education and Communication Investigation Officer Basic Course Integr.atcd Protected Areas Fund Law Enforcement Agencies Local Government Unit Maritime Law Enforcement Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation, Inc. Monitoring, Control and Swvcillance Maritime Group Ninoy Aquino International Airport National Environmental Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee Subcommittee on Environment and Natural Resources National Bureau of Investigation Environment and Wildlife Protection and Investigation Division National Integrated Protected Areas System Non-Government Organization National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan National Museum ii PA PAF PAMB PA\VB PBCF PBCP PBS:\P PIBCF PCG PCSD PEFI PhilJA PMO PN PNP PNP-CIDG PNP-MG PNP-SIDD PO POGI PPA RA RPEC SC sv TESDA UN UNEP UNODC UP UP-IBS UP- MSI USD WB wco WEOs WLE WLEMoP \VR.C WfMUs WWF Wildlife uw Enfo1UJ11ent Action Plan tldLEAP) 2018-2028 Protcctc:<l . \rc:a Philippine .\ir Force Protected Area Management Board Protected Areas and Wildlife Bun .. "au (now the iodiversity Mana~cmcnt Bureau) Philippines Biodiversity Conservation Founda n Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action P Polillo Islands Biodiversity Conservation Foun tion Philippine Coast Guard Palawan Council for Sustainable De\·clopment Philippine Eagle Foundation Inc. Philippine Judicial Academy Pro1c:ct Management Office Philippine Navy Philippine National Police Cnminal Investigation and Detection Group Marittmc Group School for Investigation and Detective Development Peoples Organizations Philippine Operations Group on Ivory and Illepl \X'ildlifc Trade Philippines Ports :\uthority Republic Act Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases Supreme Court Silliman Uni,•ersity Technical Education and Skills Development Authority United Nations United Nations Environment Programme United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime University of the Philippines lnstirute of Biological Sciences M2rine Science Institute US Dollars World Bank World Customs Organization WLldlifc Enforcement Officers Wildlife Law Enforcement Wildlife Law Enforcement Manual of Opera · ns (WLEMoP) Wildli fc Rescue Center Wildlife Traffic Monitoring Units Worldwide Fund for Nature Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Tables and Figures Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Figure 1 Figurc.2 Figure 3 .\SEAN Regional Action Plan on Trade in \X'ild Hora and Fauna Jurisdiction under the Wildlife Act (Fauna) Penalties for Violations of the Wildlife Act Penalties for Violations of the Wildlife Act Section 27(a), adjusted as per Sec. 28 Prohibited Acts and Penalties under the CaYes and Ca\·es Resources Management Act Species-specific Conservation and Management Programs Summary of law enforcement agencies and number of confiscations made ")be total number of confiscations of illegally-traded wildlife, and the nwnbcr of cases filed and resolved from these confiscations from 2010 to 2018 Proportion of major taxa in illegally-traded wildlife confiscations from 2010 to 2018 Nwnber of confiscated wildlife per taxa from 2010 to 2018 II' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1bis Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VtldLEAP) 2018-2028 serves as the national framework in combatting illegal activities against wildlife with the aim of ensuring the perpetuation of Philippine wild fauna and flor.a for sustainability, while contributing to the global fight to end wildlife trafficking - the poaching and illegal trade of wildlife, their by-products and/ or derivatives. Primarily, the WildLEAP is envisioned to serve as guide in fund-sourcing. resource allocation. priorimation of enforcement activities. and evaluation of impacts of enforcement work in the country. It is comprised of two pans. Part 1 describes the State of Wildlife Law Enforcement (WLE) in the Philippines and is composed of several sections, while Part II describes the WildLEAP and presents its vision, strategic priorities and specific actions for ten (10) years. Part 1. S/alt of Wild/ift La,,, Eefortt111t11I ;,, /IN Philippints Section 1 introduces the Wtldl..EAP and provides the background and rationale behind the need to combat illegal activities against wildlife, particularly for those species falling under the jurisdiction of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). Section 2 presents an overview of the pertinent policies, programs and plans on wildlife law enforcement at the international, regional, national and local levels. It discusses the overarching policy frameworks for wildlife law enforcement such as the Republic Act 9147 or the Philippines' Wildlife Resources Consen•ation and Protection Act, the \Vtldlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the declarations promulgated by the Association of Southe2st Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP). All these provide the comprehensive framework for wildlife law enforcement, including the agencies charged with implementation, their jurisdiction, prohibited acts and their corresponding penalties. It also includes a discussion of particular policies and plans that aim to protect wildlife species and their habitats from damage and encroachment by providing for mechanisms for effective management, among others. These include Republic Act 7586 or the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act (NIPAS), as amended by RA 11038 or the Expanded National Protected Are2s System of 2018 (E-NIPAS). Republic Act 9072 or the National Caves and Caves Resources Management and Protection Act, and the National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2026. Section 3 lists the species-specific conservation programs implemented with various partner organizations, and indicates where supportive national policies arc available. Section 4 discusses the policies and plans that support wildlife law enforcement, emphasizing the prosecution of offenses under the relevant laws, safeguards ag:linst graft and corruption, and awareness r2ising through environmental education. p Finally, Section 5 describes the state of wildlife law enforcement by: a) players, such as groups involved in addressing wildlife crime based on the existing system in the coWl try; b) programs and activincs on wildlife law enforcement implemented or policies and sys ems adopted to enhance efforts to combat wildlife crime; and, c) results of activities, programs d policies in tenns of the number of confiscations made and the cases filed in Court. There is no a empt to evaluate whether the policies, programs and activities were effective vis-a-vis the result. 1nis is because there is neither sufficient baseline data nor adequate information on some othe useful indicators, such as number of operations conducted, number of cases successfully pros ted. number of persons successfully prosecuted and convicted, number of cases resolved, amo ts of fine imposed, and nwnber of persons convicted and imprisoned. Hopefully, once a wildlife management infonnation ;ystem has become operational, data pertaining to these indicators would be more available and easily accessible. In addition, there is lack of opportunity to validate with the stakeholders the result of the interventions vis-a-vis the indicator.-. or to seek clarification on some questions that may arise. Part I/. IPildlift Law E11farrt111t11I Adion Plan (lf/ifdJJ:AP) 2018-2028 Part II is composed of several sections. Secnon l introduces the framework and process, objectives and methodology used in the development of WildLE,\P, particularly how it complements and supplements RA 9147 and other relevant laws and policies which provide the legal basis for policies, programs, plans and activities to conserve and protect wildlife spc:cics and their habitats for sustainability, as well as address wildlife crimes and wildlife law enforcement. \X1ildLE.-\P is also aligned and consistent with the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and . \ction Plan (PBSAP) 2015 2028, which, under Article 6 of the CBD, is the principal instnun('nt for implementing the Com·cntion at the national level, expressly the commitment to impknu-nt the CBD Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, including the 20•point Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The PBS:\P is the country's roadmap to conserve biodh·ersity and achieve its \-ision that "By 2028, biodiversity is restored and rehabilitated, valued, effectively managed, and secured, maintaining ecosystem services to sustain healthy, resilient Filipino communities and delivering benefits to all." The \X'ildLEAP supports and complements actions under the direct program inter.-enrion on strengthening law enforcement envisioned under the PBSAP. Sectton 2 surnnunzcs the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to wildlife law enforcement from which rt·commendations and stratq.~1e~ \\Trc identified to address issues/ challenges, and cventuall). strengthen \VLE in the country. Section 3 states the ,·ision and strategic agenda for WLE in the Philippines. \'\'ildLEAP's vision is that: "By 2028, we have a proactive, competent, effective and efficient wildlife law enforcement network and empowered stakeholders that protect and conserve wildlif1..· resources for sustainable development." Six strategies were identified and validated as critical components of are Policy and System Dc\·clopmcnt; Networking and Coo: Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEP.:\); Impro Corruption; and, Reporting, Monitoring and Evaluation. "' dLEAP. These strategies tion; Capacity Building; Governance, Curbing Each strategy has corresponding objectives, interventions, targets, indicators, timeframe (shon-, medium-, long-tenn), and lead agency/agencies responsible for delivering the outputs and outcomes. Several approaches and methodologies were used in developing the \VildLEAP. The participation of stakeholder groups from national and local go,•emments, business, civil society organizations, academic and research institutions was sought in various stages of development. National data related to wildlife law enforcement held by the DENR-BMB were reviewed and analyzed accordingly. In addition, a survey of CoW1ter \Vildlife Trafficking (C\VI) Interventions in the Philippines was conducted using a fonn adopted from the United States Department of the Interior (001)-Intemational Technical Assistance Program (ITAP) survey of C\VT interventions 111 Southeast Asia. Survey respondents included participants of the Training of Trainers' on the Application of the Wildlife Law Enforcement M2nual of Operations from several wildlife law enforcement units. Inputs to the \VildLEAP were also generated through small group meetings and multi-stakeholder consultation workshops held in 24 November 2016 at the Ritz Hotel at the Garden Oases in Davao City, attended by over 100 participants. Participants, who were grouped into four geographic areas­ National Capital Region (NCR), Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, shared their experiences, lessons learned, and challenges on \VLE, and provided information on recent developments, including program/projects/activities on \VLE at the international, regional, national and local levels. State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines Part I STATE OF WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES State of \\'ildlife E rcement in the Philippines 1.0 Introduction 1 1 Background and Rationale !"he Ph1.hpp1rn: B1odivcnmy Strategy and :\cnon Plan (PBS:\P) 2015-20 . identified habitat loss and degradation, overexploitation, pollution, climate change and Invasive i\lien Species as the prime driver.. of biodiversity loss in the Philippines. PBSAP recognizes that illegal wildlife trade (I\\T) threatens populations of wild fauna and flora in the: Philippines. Thus, it ij a matter of grave concern that the country has come to be known as transshipnll·nt and destination point for I\XT. The Philippines aims to lead by example in the adrncacy to combat I\Vf. In 2013, about five tons of seized elephant tusks illegally transported by crime syndicates from Afri countries were destroyed by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) a widely publicized ivory crushing, making the Philippines as the first member-country of the Ass tion of South East Asian Nations (:\SE.\N) and the first ivory consuming nation and non-clepha range state to take such a public acnon. Soon after. other nations undertook similar actions follo the lead initiated by the Philippines. DENR, through the vcrsity Management u (BI\ffi} has instituted surcs to address I\X,ri' tent with Republic Act or the Wildlife Resources scrvation and Protection of 2001 Such measures c from policy reforms to pu' lie education, capacity b, g of stakeholders, , vs and tools development .1n acrual law enforcement. s.· · ficanr success has been ac cvcd m implementing th e measures. However, there is a need for a national roadmap on wil<llifr law c:nforct.·ml•llf to cocnbat illegal acti";rics against wildlife, particularly for those: species falling under the jurisdiction of the DENR, hence, the development of this long-rcnn Wildlife Law Enforccmmt :\ction Plan (WildLEAP) was conceptualized. 2 State of Wlldlife Enforcement in the Philippines 2.0 Policy Frameworks for Wildlife Law Enforcement 2.1 Internat ional Frameworks The Philippines has been a signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) since 1992. 11uough this agreement, the country affinns its comminnent to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, which it implements through national stntegies and action. To achieve its objectives, the CBD emphasizes the necessity for international cooperation, particularly on technical and scientific matters. In addition, devdoped country Parties also undertake to provide financial resources to enable developing country Parties to meet their oblig:ations under the Convention. Additional resources are provided to dc,:cloping countries' Parties through the CBD's financial mechanism, the Global Environment Facility (GEF). For the post-2010 period, the CBD's Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 includes the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The plan provides a framework for the establishment of regional and national­ level targets, which take into account natiorul needs and priorities.1 Most relevant to wildlife law enforcement is Targ-ct 12, which seeks to prevent the extinction of threatened species and improve and sustain the conservation starus of those most in decline.2 Recommended actions to achieve this target include protection of sites where threatened species can be found, ex situ conser,ation and implementation of species recovery and conserYation programs.' Prior to being a party to the CBD, howe\·er, the Philippines had signed the Convention on lntemarional Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITF.S) in 1981. CITES is an international agreement between governments which aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants docs not threaten their survival. Parties to CITES enforce the Convention's provisions by implementing the CITES pennitting system, taking measures to confiscate illegally obtained wildlife specimens and providing penalties for persons involved in their trade. The implementation of the CITES provisions is overseen by the designated National Manag-cment Authorities. In 1994, the Philippines also became a party to the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS or Bonn Convention), which recognizes the need to provide special protection for wildlife species that mignte across or outside national jurisdictional boundaries! Parties to the CMS commit to promote, cooperate in, and support research relating to migratory species, as well as take actions to prevent any migratory species from becoming endangered, through immediate protection and agreements covering the conservation and marugcment of migratory species.~ In this regard, the Philippines has signed the CMS Instruments for the Conservation and Management of Dugong and their Habitats throughout their Rang-c (Dugong MoU). the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habit2ts of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia (IOSEA Marine Turtle MoU). and, the Conservation of Migratory Shllks (Shuks MoU). 1 Con\'Cnoon on Bio~ Divcnity Confn-rntt of Panics, S11'21<'g1C l'wi for 8,odivcmty 2011-2020 <:onfc'"'" of Putn {COP) 10 Occition s./ 2 Annc11 2 Con,·cnoon on U1, ,lo1,,>1Cal l)i,.·cniry - Conft-rrncc of Panic-. Str21qtic Pbn for R10J1,-cnity 2011-2020 <:OP IO Dcciuon x/2 na .l C.onvmrion on HtolcJKICal 1)1\·cnary faCCUtn·c Sccrcwy, R<.-."IJCJ ..nil UpJatcJ Scncrgic Pw,: Tochruc:al bc.,...!c and ~~ Mlleitonn and lndica!Ofl U1'EP/CIID/COP/10/? (10 July 2010), 6 <t Bonn Conn·ntion. Pmt.mblc p. ♦ S Bonn C,1>1n-rnoon, : a 2 p. l 3 St2tc of \X'ildlifc En zcement in the Philippines Recent developments in the implcmemation of the CMS by member countries has led to the creation of a new intergovernmental coalition called the Intergovernmental Tas~ Force on Illegal Killing, Taking and Trade of Migratory Birds which aims to end the illegal killing, taking and trade of millions of migratory birds, starting in the Mediterranean. The coalition include3:vemmcnts, the European Commission and l.:nited Nations organizations, such as the United Natio Em-ironment Programme (L'NEP), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (L1NODC), intcmati nal cm·ironmemal treaties, INTERPOL, law enforcement and judiciary organizations, hunting co . unities, and NGOs.6 This development is relevant to the East Asian-Australasian Flpvay which 'includes the Philippines where birds are threatened by indiscriminate shooting and trapp~g alonj their migratory routes, in add1t1on co bemg rendered more ntlnerable due to habit2t loss.' 11w pre,·ention of illegal killing, taking and trade of migratory birds was further emphasized dunng the 12th Meenng of the Confert."flce of the Parties to the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS COP 12) hosted by the Philippines in October 2017. :\lso 111 1994, the Philippines ratified the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially a, \X'aterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention), which considers the ecological funcnons of wetlands as regulators of water regimes and as habit2ts supporting characteristic flora and faw1a.8 Contracting Parties may dt.-s· List of Wetlands of International Importance where consen·ation through reserves, research and efforts to increase w:aterfowl populations shall be currently has seven Ramsar-designated sites, as follows: l) Puerto P National Park, 2) Ncgros Occidental Coasw Wetlands Conser\'ation Critical Habitat and Ecotourism .-\rca, 4) Olango Island Wildlife Sane Park, 6) :\gusan Marsh \\;"ildlife Sanctuary, and T) Tubbataha Reefs Na these sites are also internationally impomnt sites for migratory birds, poaching for illegal wildlifr· trade e areas for inclusion in the e establishment of nature romoted.9 The Philippines ccsa Subterranean River , 3) Las Piiias-Paranaquc 5) Naujan Lake National Park.1 ' It is noted that which are vulnerable to 2.2 Regional Frameworks Declarations and Mechanisms In 2005, the Association of South Fa:--1 \sian :\atiom (.\SE.\:\, crafted tlt e ASE1\N Regional Action Plan on Trade in ~'ild Flora and F::11111.1. The: Pbn had a fi\'(··y(·ar cycle an~ W2S subSC<JUCntly updated for the 2011 to 2015 period. 6 New l'ask 1-'orcc Set 10 Slop lllc:i!aJ Kalhng. Tlblg and TnKk of Migntl")· Buds at hnp-/, ",·b u0<p.ol)t/t 1l~-k~hng-1alur~•.tnJ-1r>J<.· m1+:utot\-buJ1-~ IS Dc-c:cmbtt 1Xlt<, 7 \bi.! 8 lumnr Con1·n11JOO, PIN!Tlbk r 2 ? lumsar Con1·n10un. ,\mck:? I'· I, .\mck •• p. I, 3 and 4 \(I ~ lumsat $11cs lnfomuuon ~rvice hnps://nis.ranur.o')(/ns-scan:h/;;f" .Sll<r' .Sl>=,qpo (ac,;n...J 25 Occcmbtt 21)\(,) 4 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines Table 1 below shows the objectives of the Regional Action Plan and provides the corresponding action points for each objective: 11 Table 1 ASEAN Rc21onal Action Plan on Trade io Wild Flora and Fauna 2 Obicctive1 Action Pointa To assist .\SE:\:--= ~(ember a States in :adopting effective and enforceable legislation for CITES implementation by: encouraging all .\SEA~ countries to enact Categor)' I Cl1E'- implementing legislallon in order to have the ability to meet evolving crn:.s reqU1rements and to address any policy loopholes that may be identified after enactment; b updating national legislation, where necessary, social and econonuc incentives to promote and regulate sustamable nunagemcnt as '11,'CU as responsible trade of wild fauna and flora; and effective implementation and enforcement of Cl1T:.S; and C To promote neN"Orlung a amongst relevant law enforcement authorities m :\SE.:\N countries to curb illegal tndc m CITES \Vild b Fauna and Flora by: promoting awareness programs for the 1ud1ciary and other la'll,· enforcement agencies to enable adequate and timely responses to offences. sustaimng and strengthening inter-agency committees or cooperation at national levels, 10 ensure coordinauon and collaboration bct'\l."t:en law enforcement officials on trade m \1.-ild fauna and flora; sustaining neN.·orking through the .\SE.\::-.: Wildlife Enforcement Nef'\l,'Ork (.\SE.\:\-\X'EN) and its Program Coordination Unir for exchange of lav.· enforcement infonnation regarding trade an CITES wild fauna and flora, and to coord.mare rcgx>nal panicipat10n m the Interpol Wildlife Cnmc Working Group and the :\SE.\:--::\P( >I..: c promoting collaborati,·e capacil)·-building effons for impro~·ed law enforcement; and d lmkang and nef'\l,•orking '\I.1th orher relevant neN'Orks and countries to combat the illicit trade of Cl110:S "Tald Fauna ~nd flora, and in support of the implementation of the Regional :\ct1on Plan. 3. To promote research, a exchanging informauon on pcrnut issuance, regional nurket dmarmcs and trade flo-...,-s 10 impro,•e understanding of producer-consumer relationships, including rc-expons, in the region; monitoring and information exchange on CITES-related issues by: b encouraging research activities to ensure that sufficient biological and population dynamics information is available on species in trade in order to undertake non-detnmcnt findings (J'.DFs) and to establish cxpon quotas; and c establishing a mechanism by which mformatmn .iibout CITES-listed species may be shared, \I.1th a particular focus on illegally traded species found in more than one coun111·. 11 As,c,ci:ooon of Snt.11hctit ,\,un Nations (:\SEAN), .\..,;E.-\?>: Rqponal A~n Plan on Tra.k III CITE$ \\'ild Mora and huru 3H 1-2015, .i http://,......,...ucan•'&'m.org/ index php/ rqi;ional-:agrc,cmrnts-pro1ocob/ file/ -4-ucan-~acuon-pl:in-on-,r.Jc -1n-c11 ••· ..,,lJ. ( auru-anJ-flon-2011 , lOIS, 1-? 5 4 6 Table 1, (contd.) I o promote compliance of a. 1ndu~tn groups, trade assocaaaons tradcn and local communities with CITE..<; b. re wremcn and national regulauons on trade IJl Cl l ES \\ d faun2 and flora, and ro ~upport re h d capac1 c din susramablc m,magcment f trade: tn v.,ld fauna :md flora b, State of \\"ildlifc En rcement in the Philippines Action Poiou incrcasu,g awareness through cduc.itton and c groups about trade tn wild fauna and tlora and gcmcnt of relevant industry TES; collaborating with mdusrry groups a$ a source of infomuuon about aspccts of trade in CITES wild fauna and tlora, inter wl harve~t rruinagcmcnt, capti"c brccdmg/ranching, artificial propagation, and m,rkct demand; and promoung the re•uwcstmcnt of rc,·cnuc dcriv~ from trade in CITES wild faun2 and flora into conservation and associatcdlrcscarch of species in trade:. oopcran n n by: ,1 reviewing the curtcnt status of the ationshtp bct'.\-cen CITE$ implementation and other biod1\'crs1ty related canvent10ns; and h To seek. \uffictcnt tcchrucal il. and tuuncial assuta.ncc through collaborauve IJUtla ,ei by. c~tabluhing bilateral and multilateral taskforcct to address shared conccms v.1thin .\SEAN, related to the conser...-auon and trade in articular s ecies. idennfying key partncn and engaging inre~ational and regional donor agencies, non-governmental org:i.mzauons G'=G< )s) and scientific institutions in advtsory and supporting role~ m the implementation of protects and actMtics arising from the action plan; and L b. engaging mtc.mauonal and rcgton .. l donor agencies and NGOs to aid 10 sccunng adequate funds 10 implement proic:ct •ctivitics arising from the acDOfl Ian. To fulfill the second ob1ect1ve, the ASEAN-\VEN was launched in 200 ASF.AN-WEN is the " world's largest wildlife law enforcement n twork and mvolv~ law enforcement agencies of the ten ASEAN Member States." 12 National-level task forces from each of the Member Stat compn,;e this regional network. n The ASEAN -\VEN has assisted rn enforcement acnons, including inspections and sc urc:-;, and has facilitated training activities for its national c unterparts on \'anous a-:pects of combatting illegal wildlife trade. In 2015, the \Sf Al',; ~igncd with the governments of Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Russia and the l rutcd State a JOlnt Declaranon on Combatting \'X'ildlife Trafficking. lbc Dcclaranon reaffirms, among others, their support for the \SF \N Regional Action Pan on Trade in Wald Flora and Fauna and urges all P rttes to unplemmt the .\ction Plan and comply with their o >ligations under Cl n~ 14 2.3 National Policies, Programs and Plans ~ .\Qi http /.,,,. .,.u "' n ,, I .\ssocuuon ( ~ hc3Sl ,\sun Na1,on• ,r J I \~ lxcL ,i," ,n , .. mh .,,·,n;: \\, hl'J'O /C1fN 'Kf•m:s dcfa lt files cq;/"""'1/,1.,,,J" .~,1-1 I \!-0 ,.),!,,' r ., .. .,•· ~••n '•I nrnh11r (, State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines In enforcing wildlife law, the Philippines is guided by several national policies, programs, and plans focused on wildlife species and their habitats, whether they be protected are2s, key biodiversity areas or critical habitats. These include, among others: 2.3.1 Republic Act (RA) 9147 or the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (Wildlife Act) The Wildlife Act was enacted in 2001 and governs the conservation of wildlife species and their habit2ts, the regulation of the collection and trade of wildlife, the pursuit of the Philippines' commitments under the CBD, CITES and other relevant international conventions and the conduct of scientific studies on the conservation of biological divcrsity.1s Jmisdidu,,, To implement the Wildlife: Act, the: DENR is vested with jurisdiction over terrestrial plant and animal species and all turtles, tortoises and wetland species, including crocodiles, water birds, amphibians, and dugong. 1be Department of Agriculture (DA) has jurisdiction over aquatic critical habitats and aquatic resources, including fishes, aquatic plants, invertebrates, and marine mammals except the dugong (Table 2). For all species in the province of Palawan, jurisdiction is conferred to the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) pursuant to its mandate under RA 7611.16 Table 2. Juri1dlcdoo under the Wildlife Act (Fau1111) Cla11 DENR DA :-.1:immals • All rcrttstrial numnuli2n species • :\II manne numnul~ • Duoon2 • Frcsh\l.-ater mammals :\vian • All S""Cies includin~ water birds Reptiles • T crrcstrial snakes • Sea snakes • Freshwater tunics • Frcshu.-atcr snakcs • Tonoiscs • Sea tunics • Crocodiles • All lizards indudin2 sailfin lizards lnvcnebrates • All terrestrial invencbratcs including land • All aquatic invertebrates (marine and snails freshwater) So~: Annt'x A.Joint DENR-DA-PCSD Adminmndw Order I (Z(J()4) (RA 9111 lmplffl1ffldl1lf Ru.a and R~gu/1mon•J Jurisdiction for implementation of CITES in the Philippines is likewise divided among the three agencies. The DENR-B~lB is the designated Management Authority for terrestrial resources, while the DA-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BF AR) has jurisdiction over aquatic resources. In the province of Palawan, the PCSD is the Management Authority pursuant to its mandate. 17 The Management Authorities are supported by Scientific Authorities, including the DENR-Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB), U nivcrsity of the Philippines (UP)-lnsritute of Biological Sciences (IBS), National Museum (Nl\f), UP-Marine Science Institute (MSI), UP Visayas and Silliman University (SU). 11 Prohibittd Ads (llld Pt1t(l//its IS R.\ ')147 Sc-c. 2 16 Rq->ubbc :\er 7(,11. ot the, S1ra1r~ l-:n-,n.nrncn1al Pl.tn fot Pala..-1n .\ct (19'.)2) crr1t.-.! thr P(~[) to 1t1 the l(<>\'cm:inc<, •mrlnncntauon .tnJ pobcy d,tteuon of l'.aJ.:i.,.·.m's Srnt")C)C Em·m,nmcntal l'lan. h u Con'lf'<,""1 uf p.i,.,...,,•, lci(ul.,r"·c n:prc:-,c:ntam·c. n-pn-s<-nrarn-ct frnm n11w,n.LI ~"·rmrncnr llflCnc>n, cx«u11,·ct frHm 1hc v.anou> k>eal ll'"·cmrncn1 unu,, anJ other member> from 1hc publK and pn-alc "-"<tors, 11 1lx: (A.IUtl(l) "'"ms nc(;nJaty (Sec. 16). 17 RA 91•'7 S«. 19 18 RA 91•7 S«. 19 7 State of \\'ildlife En rcement in the Philippines 1be Sccmmy of the DENR is CfflJ>O'\~-rcd to determine d1c.• conservation status of wildlife species and classit~· these as critially endangered. cndangcrcd. vulnerable, or other acceptc.-d critcria.1' Criricalh- c.'T11.bn~1~:r<.'<l spc.-cic, include those listed under :\ppendix [ of cnr~. while endangered spcaes include those in Appendix II?' Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable and other threatened plant species are enumerated in DENR AO 2017-11 or the Updated List of 'lbrcatencd Philippine Plants and their Categories and DENR .-\dministrati,·e Order No. 2004-15 or the Establishing the Ust of Threatened Species and ·1neir Categories, and the List of Other Wildlife Species Pursuant to Republac Act 9147, Otherwise Known as the \X'ildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act. ·1nesc threatened species, as well as their by­ products and derivatives, may only be collected for scientific, breeding, or propagation purposes by accredited individuals.21 The Philippine Eagle, Pltltecophogo Jefferyi, the country's National Bird, is list~ as 'Critically Endangered' under DAO 2004-lS. This species is protected under Philippine laws and CITES. [Credits: Kious Nrgge] '!be \X'ildlifc Act has made it unlawful to willfully and knowingly exploit dlife resources and their habitats, or undertake the following acts:~ (a) killing and destroying \\ildlifc.- species, except in the following instances: (i) when 1t is done as part of the religious rituals of established "bal groups or indigenous cultural communities; (ii) (iii) (iv) (\') when the wildlife is afflicted 'J.1th an incurnble communicable disetsc; when it 1s deemed necessary to put an end to the misery suffered by the wildlife; when it is done to pre,·ent an imminent danger to the life or limb Jf a human being; and when. the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been use ~tin authorized research or expcnments. (b) inflicting injury, which cripples and/ or impairs the reproductive system f wildlife species; (c) effecting any of the following acts in critical habitat(s): (i) dumping of waste products detrimental to wildlife; (ii) squatting or otherwise occupying any portion of the critical habita~; (iii) mineral exploration and/ or extraction; (h·) burning; (\') logging; and (,-i) quarrying (d) introduction, reintroduction, or restocking of wildlife resources; 1'> RA ?147 :-cc. 22 2'1 Jotn1 l)FSR-D.\-l'Oil) \Jminmrall\'t" On,ler I (2'XMJ (lmplcmmtJntl Ruic$ and ~atw,n, for R.\ 91-47) ur 28 2 21 R.\ ?i.7 :-cc. 2\ 8 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines (e) trading of wildlife; (f) collecting, hunting, or possessing wildlife, their by-products and derivati\·es; (g) gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants, and the like; (h) maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph; and (i) transporting of wildlife. These offenses are punishable by fines ranging from PhPl0,000 to PhPt million and/or imprisonment from six months to 12 years. Table 3 shows the complete range of penalties: Table 3 Penalties for Violations of the Wildlife Act Violations Penalties Sec. 27 (a) Killin~ and destronng wildlife species Critically Endangered Spcctes lmpnsonmcnt of a minunum of 6 years and 1 day to 12 years and/or a fine of PhPlOO, 000 ro PhPI million Endangered Species Imprisonment of a minimwn of 4 years and I day to 6 years and/or a fine of PhPSO 000 to PhPS00,000 Vulnerable Species lmpri:sonmcnt of a minimum of 2 ycan and I day to 4 years and/ or a fine of PhP30 000 ro PhP300 000 ( >rhcr Threatened Species Imprisonment of a minimum of l year and 1 da)· to 2 years and/or a fine of PhP20 000 to PhP200,000 ( )ther \X'tldlife Species Imprisonment of a minimum of 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or a fine of PhPlO 000 to PhPl00,000 Sec. 27 (h) lnflicri~ iniun· '11.itich crioolcs and/or imp:urs the reproductive sntcm of wildlife socc1es Critically Endangered Species Imprisonment of a minimum of 4 years and I da)· to 6 years and/or a fine of P50,000.00 ro PS00,000.00 Endangered Species Imprisonment of 2 years and t da~· to 4 years and/or a fine of P30,000.00 ro P200 000.00 \'ulncrable Species Imprisonment of 1 year and I da~· to 2 years and/or a fine of P20,000.00 ro P200,000.00 ( >rher Thrc:l!encd Species Imprisonment of 6 months and I day to 1 year and/or a fine of P 10,000.00 to PS0,000.00 ( )rher \X'ildlifc Spectcs Imprisonment of I month to 6 monrhs and/or a fine of PS,000.00 to P20,000.00 Sec. 27 (c) Danu~nli( Critical Habitats and (d) lntroducuon, reintroduction or restockin2 of u,ldlife resources I mprisonmcnt of I month ro 8 years and/or a fine of PS,000.00 to PS,000 000.00 Sec. 27 (e) Tradin2 of \X'ildlifc Critically Endangered Species Imprisonment of 2 years and I day to 4 years and/or a fine of PS,000.00 ro P300,000.00 Endangered Species Imprisonment of lyear and I day to 2 years and/or a fine of P2,000.00 to P200 000.00 \·ulnerable Species Imprisonment of 6 months and 1 day to 1 ~·car and/or a fine of Pl,000.00 to PlOO 000.00 C >thcr Threatened Species lmpnsonment of l month and 1 day to 6 months and/or a fine of PS00.00 to P50,000.00 ( >ther \X'tldlife Species lmpnsonmcnt of 10 days to 1 month and/or a fine of P200.00 to P20,000.00 Table 3. continued Violation, I Pcnaltica Sec. 27 (t) CoUccung, hunrmg or possessing uildlifc, their by-products and derivatives and (g) Gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, hosr plants and rhc like If, in case of paragraph (f), acts '11.'ere perpcruatcd through rhe means of inappropnare techniques :ind de\-ices, rhe maximum ocnaln· shall he im1>0sed. Criricalh· End:mJ,"(ered Species I Imprisonment of 2 \"Cars and 1 day to 4 vears and a fine of 9 \' lncrablc Species ... Oth e r \~-r.-ild li i c -S-pc~oc-s- State of Wildlife En~rcement in the Philippines PJ0.000.00 to PJ00.000.00 Imprisonment of 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and a fine of P20.000.00 to P200.000.00 Imprisonment of 6 months and 1 day tol year and a fine of Pl0.000.00 to Pt00.000.00 Imprisonment of 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of PS 000.00 to PS0.000.00 Imprisonment of 10 days to 1 month md a fine of Pt,000.00 to PS000.00 Sec 27 (h) ~lalu~tllllll ;nd/or mllictimr iniu~ on wildlife and (i) Transnonirnz of Wildlife Cnucalh Frdangcred ~pec1cs F dangcrcd '-pec1cs \ ulnerablc Spectt"s < rhcr lbrcatencd Species < lthcr \Vudufc Spc~ - Imprisonment of 6 months and I dl\' to 1 year and a fine of PS0.000.00 to Pl00,000.00 mprisonmcnt of 3 months and I d~, to 6 months and a fine of P20,000.00 to PS0,000.00 Imprisonment of 1 month and I day 10 3 months and a fine of PS,000.00 to P20,000.00 I mprisonmcnt of 10 days t~> - I m°';;nth and a fine of P 1,000.00 to PS.000.00 I lmprisonmcnt of S days ro 10 days at1d a fine of P200.00 to Pl 000.00 L...;....;..<.;...;..;.....;. , ~UA"C" S« ~ R.A. 9147 lbcsc fines should automancally be increased by 10 percent every three Yctus to adjust for inflation.?\ ::,1nce the \'\tldlife .\ct was passed m 2001, the fines should han increa♦ed by 50 percent in 2016. \pplymg these prm1sions, the pcnalnes should reflect the increased rates at follows (!'able 4). Tab 4. Peaaltie1 for Violatioa1 of the Wildlife Act Section 27la\. adiu1tcd as~, ~c. 28 Violation! ,i(Jhfc s=acs ~c 2 ,a) Kdh !' &.and dcstr<mng 11. ( rmca h F n angt"rcd "-pcucs E ndangcred ~pc~; \ ulncnbk ~pectes <>her lnrcatcncd ~pec1c< ( ) her \Vildlifc ~pccte< Table 4. cootioued Adfuatcd Pcoaltica , .. of2016\ lmpnsonmc:nt of a minimum oi 6 years and I <l:.ay to 12 years and/or a fme of PhP150000 to PhPl.5 nullion Imprisonmcnl of a minimum of 4 yc,.n and I day to 6 years and/or a fine of PhP75 000 to PhP750, 000 lmpnsonmcn1 of a mmunum of 2 y1$n and I dav to 4 \·cars and/or a fine of Ph NS 000 to PhP450. 000 Imprisonment of a minimum of 1 yea.r and I day to 2 years and/or a fine of PhP30,000 to PhP300. 000 (mpnsonmcm of a minimum of 6 months to 1 ycar and/or a fine of PhPIS,000 to PhPl50. 000 I ~001 Ad'usted Penalties "cc r (bl Infh t 1n1ui:111.h ch,:..:=:.c===-==.=;.=z:=:~=...:.=Jcr:.::od=uc:..:·1::..:1,:.::·c:.::s:.:.vs:..:t:.::cm::..:....:o::.:f: wil::.:·=1::=..===--::-------I r ucaUv l·.ndangcred ,pectcs Imprisonment of a minimum of 4 ye and/or a fine of PhPi5 000 to PhP750 r ndangcrc-d Spec ~~ \ ulnerablc ~ ac< lmpnsonmcnt of a mm1mum of 2 y and/or a fine of PhP45 000 to PhP300 I risonmcnt of a rrurumum of 1 · 10 day to 4 years State of \X.ildlife Enforcement in the Philippines and/or a fine of PhP30,000 to PhP300, 000 Other Threatened Species Imprisonment of a minimum of 6 year and 1 day to 1 years and/or a fine of PhPlS,000 to PhP7S, 000 < >ther Wildlife Species Imprisonment of a minimum oft months to 6 months and/or a fine of PhPtO 000 to PhP30 000 S«. 27 (c) Damaitinl!; Critical Habitats and (d) Introduction, reintroduction or restockin2 of wildlife resources Imprisonment of 1 month to 8 years and/or a fine of P7,500.00 to P7 500,000.00 Sec. 27 (e) Tradin2 of \X'ildlifc Critically Endangered Species Imprisonment of 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or a fine of P7,500.00 to P450,000.00 Endangered Species Imprisonment of I year and t day to 2 years and/or a fine of P3,000.00 to P300.000.00 \"ulnerable Species Imprisonment of 6 months and l day to I year and/or a fine of Pl,500.00 to PIS0,000.00 < >ther "lbrearened Species Imprisonment of l month and t day to 6 months and/or a fine of )>750.00 to P75,000.00 < >ther \XTiJdlife Species Imprisonment of 10 da)"S to 1 month and/or a fine of P300.00 to P30,000.00 Sec. 27 (t) Collectmg, hunung or posscsslflg wildhfc, their by-products and dcnvam·es and (g) Gathenng or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants and the like If, in case of paragraph (t). acts '11,'tre perpetuated through the means of inappropriate techniques and devices. rhe maximum ocnalr.· shall be imoosed. Critically Endangered Species lmpnsonment of 2 ycan and 1 day to 4 years and a fine of NS,000.00 to P450 000.00 End:mgered Species Imprisonment of t year and 1 day to 2 years and a fine of P30,000.00 to P300,000.00 \"ulnerablc Species Imprisonment of 6 months and 1 day tol year and a fine of PIS,000.00 to PlS0,000.00 ( >thcr ·1nrcatcncd Species Imprisonment of 1 month and 1 day to 6 month§ and a fine of P7,500.00 to P75,000.00 ( )ther \X'tldlifc Species lmprisonmcnr of 10 days ro 1 month and a fine of Pl,500.00 to P7 500.00 Sec 27 lhl ;-.faltrcaum? and/or inflictiniz inrurics on wildlife and (i) Transr>0r1in2 of \X'ildlife Critically Endangered Species Imprisonment of 6 months and I day to I rear .i.nd a fine of P75,000.00 to PlS0,000.00 Endangered Species Imprisonment of 3 months and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of P30,000.00 to P75 000.00 Vulnerable Species Imprisonment of 1 month and 1 day to 3 months and a fmc of P7.500.00 to P30 000.00 ( >ther 'lbreatencd Species Imprisonment of 10 days 10 1 month and a fine of Pt,500.00 to P7500.00 < >thcr \X~tldlife Specie§ Imprisonment of 5 days to 10 davs and a fine of P300.00 to Pl,500.00 Furthermore, apprehending agencies arc mandated to rum all seized or recovered wildlife over to the nearest \X'ildlifc Rescue Center (\'\-'RC). Perishable and conswnablc items that are still fit for animal or human consumption are to be donated to non-profit or charitable organizations, penal instirurions or WRCs.2 ~ &g11/a1ion of F.xoJi. Wildlife 'lbe Wildlife Act also regulates the introduction and propagation of exotic species in the country. Introduction of exotic wildlife is subject to the issuance of a prior clearance from the government agency concerned, which will only do so upon compliance with an Em'll'onmcntal Impact Study, .H Joint l>E:--:R-1>.\,l'<'.SI) .\Jmuustrun·• Onkr I (200.J) (lmp~u"t! Ruic,, 1nJ ~btl<>fU foe R.·\ 9147) Ruic 28.~ 11 State of Wildlife Eiorccmenr in the Philippines submission of appropriate scientific studies, and a Management Plan, as well as with the Prior Informed Consent of local stakc:holdc•rs.2s In :iddirion. exotic- wildlife cannot be introduced in protected areas and critical habitat, U 1/dlift Law Enjon-tmtnl I o strengthen the enforcement of these provisions, the: Wildlife :\ct allows for the deputation of Wlldlifr Enforcement Officers (\X'EOs) to supplement existing law enforcement on rhc ground. \VEOs may sei2c: illegally traded wildlife and wildlife products, apprehend offenders, and assist in monitoring and surveillance operations. \X'EOs may be from NGOs, citizens' groups, community organizations, and other volunteers who ha,·c undergone the necessary training Lil wildlife laws and regulations, CITES provisions, wildlife identification, and the necessary administrative and judicial proccdurcs.2'' In order to propcrlr guide WEOs, the \X'ildlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations (WLEMoJ>) was developed to provide standards and protocols for law ~"flforcers in implementing RA 9147 and other relevant wildlife laws, rules and regulations.28 ·n1cse standards and protocols include monitoring of wildlife transport and trade, conduct of sur\'eillancc, raid of establishments illegally possess~. selling and/or displaying wildlife for sale, confiscation of illegally possessed/traded/displayed wil ·ce species, prosecution of cases against wildlife law \iolators, and related legal concerns. 'The \XLF.MoP charts general procedures for the various stages of wildlife ~w enforcement, including: • Sun·eillance • Regulatory monitonng • Serving a \X'arrant of :\rrest • Conducting Proper Warrantlcss .-\rrcsts • Conductmg a Search \\ith a Warrant (or Conduct of a Raid) • :\pprchension, Seizure and Handling of Evidence • Filing and Prosecution of Cases under various scenarios Each section also contains detailed guidelinc.-s on the implementation of each of these actions based on relevant environmental laws, the Rules of Criminal Procedure and tht Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases described m Section 4.3 hereof. Wi/dlifi M.a11agemt11I F1111d ZS R.\ 9147~c U,Jmnt DF.1'R-ll.\-l'CSD .'u!nu,,..1ra1r,c Order 1 (211.llM) l"l'lcmc-nun~ Rulo .inti Rcl(Ulat.,. for R:\ ?147) Ruic 13.1 and ll.2 26R\91-47&c 1l l 27 R.\ ?1-47 Sc:c 30,Joull D1~1'R-l>.\-l>Q;D i\dmni$tnlJ\·c Otdc:r I {3)04) (ln-.,lcmc1,uni; Ruk, and R,:gu~- for R .. \ ?147) Rulr 30.1 and .10.4 211 L>ENR Mcmonndum <::.m.l:u So. 2010-17 Adopang rhc ''Wildliifc 1.,,.. l'nforcnnmt ~bnu.:11 of ( · ~ as c;uidc m rhc F.nforcm,,:nr of Republic \ct 9147 and Other Rclr-·.anr Wildlife La....., Rub and Rqiubi~,n, by l>c1i;..•1urcJ/l>..-pu1ucJ Wi fc Enforcement Officm. Ennmnmcnr and !';.rural Rctl<>Ul'Cn ( )ff,ccr,i anJ ~kmbcn of !ht Wildhft- Traffic Monuunn;: L · rut• 12 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines The Wtldlife Act also esrablished a Wildlife Management Fund (\"(!~ff) to finance rehabilitation or restoration of habitats and support scientific research, enforcement and monitoring activities, as well as enhancement of capabilities of relevant agencies.29 Titls fund is derived from the following sources; fees collected from the processing and issuance of wildlife pennits/certifications and associated services, e.g. Local Transport Pennit, Export/Re-export/Import Pennie/Certification, etc.; fines imposed and damages awarded, donations, endowments, or grants, which are exempted from donor taxes and all other tax charges or fees. II) 2.J.2 Republic Act 7586 or the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIP.AS) .Act The NIPAS Act was enacted in 1992, establishing a protected areas system that encompasses outstandingly remarkable areas and biologically important public lands that are habitats of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, biogeographic zones and related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, wetland or marine.~1 Game refuges, bird and wildlife sanctuaries, wilderness areas, strict nature reserves, w:atersheds, mangrove resen•es and fish sanctuaries that had been proclaimed prior to 1992 were among the initial components of the System.12 Notably, the NIP AS Act provided for the establishment of a Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) for each est2blished protected area. 1bis body includes representatives from the DENR, regional and local governments, Indigenous Peoples and local communities and NGOs. The PAMB allocates the P A's budget, approves proposals for funding, and decides matters relating to planning, peripheral protection and general administration of the area in accordance with the general management strategy." The NIPAS Act also created the Integrated Protected Areas Fund (JPAF) to finance projects of the System. Among other sources, income derived from taxes on the permitted sale and export of wild flora and fauna accrue to this fund.:w In 2012, Republic Act 10629 amended the NIPAS Act to allow P AMBs to retain 75 percent of all revenues raised from the operation of the protected area system and the management of flora and fauna therein.3s 2.J.J Republic Act 9072 or the National Caves and Cave Resources Management and Protecdoa .Act The Caves Act was enacted in 2000 recognizing caves and cave resources as part of the country's national wealth, as well as creating mechanisms for cooperation and information sharing among governmental authorities and other st2keholders. 36 Cave resources include animal and plant life th.at naturally occur in caves.37 Table 5 shows the prohibited acts and their corresponding penalties to protect cave animal and plant life: 29 Wildlit~ Act, Sec. 29 lO Wildlife Act, Sec. 29 ll RA 7S86,Sec2 32 RA 7S86, Sec l ll RA 7S86.Scc 11 l4 RA 7586, Sec 16 lS RA 10629 Sec I 36 RA 9072 Sec 2 13 State of \\;"ildlife En~rcement in the Philippines ... \ tcn11;: the frl'C' movcmcnt of an~ arunul or plant hfc Penoo found (, 1thcrmg, colkctmi, P"''c·, ,r>;;, consumsng, selling. l ,,,,rt'rmg or cxd1.my1'li or o•knng for s;alc ~,thour 1 ,•hontY .1m c.i, c rc~our,c 1mludmg anlffl:ll or pla.nt life) , .,.,n,chn~. procunng, <oht:irmg or cmploy1ng other p<"r<on, 1o con11n11 1hc .11>0, c v1ol,111ons lmpnsonmc·nt from 2 r.mgmg from PhP20, at the discrcr10n of the Pcraon furni1hiag the1c ac11: " capital 10 accompli1h Imprisonment from 6 and I day to 8 }·ears, or ~ fine l'llnging (: PhPS00,000 to PhJ>I million, or both at:..m::..:..=c...c:.:: tion of the Court In add.mon, if the Coun detennines that the ca\·e re(1uires rehabilitation br restoration, the offender may be required to restore the area or compensate for the damage. Offenders who are government nnployccs shall likewise be removed from office.'11< 2.3.4 Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP) 2015-2028 l"h(• PBSAP 2015-2028 is "the country's roadmap to conserve its biodive ity and achieve its vision," which 1s "by 2028, biodiversity is restored and rehabilitated, valued, effec ·vdy managed and secured, maintaining ecosystem services to sustain healthy, resilient Filipino mrnunities and delivering benefits to all.""J It was officially adopted through DENR Administrative rd.er No. 2016-12. Inc PBSAP updates the Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities (P' CP), which were crafted in 2002. It takes into account recent policies. programs, mechanisms at initiatives in biodiversity consen·anon and management. Notably, the PUSAP aligns the natl targets with the Aichi Biodi,·ersiry Targets '!be PBSAP identifies direct and enabling interventions to address and reJ of biodiversit) loss habitat loss and degradation, overexploitation, in change, and pollution.•• Specific indicators are likewise provided to m progress. lf'i/Jlifi LA111 Enfanwunl cc the five major pressures sivc alien species, climate tor and assess the Plan's Strengthening law enforn.mcnt is a direct program intervention of the PB AP that is expected. to help reduce, control, and manage direct pressures on biodiversity that result m illegal activities, such as illegal logging, blast fishmg, and illegal collection of wildlife and wildlife roducts.◄1 This intervention will contribute to the realizauon of several overall target results, as follows (' onservation Targets: \7 R.\ 'J072 Sc-c '(~J \I! R.\ '.1072 Sec 8 \'> lxrar1mcn1 of 1-'m1rontn<"ni M1'l 'liatural . ...,.. Biodt\usilJ ~I Burcau. l'htl1ppmc I(, 40 lxr.ltTmcnl of l·nHruntn<"nl .inJ 'liatunl ltaolll'OCS - Biodn'ff9ily Man:t,gcrncnt Bureau. l'hwpp,nc IOS 41 l)q>Mtmc-nt of l'nnronnrnr MiJ N•tural Rmourcn BiodtwnilJ M~t Bureau, l'hall(>PI"" 1115 •2 lxt'M'lmcfll of 1-:nnrontn<"'II M1'l :-.latural Rac,urc,cs - 8iodm:nuy M~I Bun-au. Phwpp,nc 107-1011 14 Strat<io· and .\cnon l'lan 201 !i-2028, ty Stratc,JO' •nd .\coon Plan 2111 S-2028, ty Slta!C!()' anJ .\coon Plan 2111 !i-20~ State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines • By 2028, the conservation status of nationally and globally threatened species in the country from 2016 levels is maintained or improved. • By 2028, the population of migratory bird species identified in selected in.land and coastal wetlands along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway will be maintained. Results related to reducing threats to biodiversity: • By 2028, the key threats to biodi\·ersity will be reduced, controlled or managed. The PBSAP also identifies combatting environmental organized crime as a priority program for the short term.n These efforts to strengthen law enforcement for PBSAP implementation have been projected to cost PhP8.5 billion, or 0.2 percent of the total implementation cost." 2.3.5 National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan (NISSAP) 2016-2026 The NISS:\P was formulated to prevent the introduction of invasi\·e alien species ()AS), manage their spread, and minimize their threats.4 i IAS are among the principal drivers of biodiversity loss. One of the key results sought under the PBSAP is to reduce threats to biodiversity by reducing the number of IAS hotspots in the country~ and crosscutting interventions and stakeholder collaboration.~7 Enforcement of the relevant provisions of the \'X1ildlifc Act, quarantine r ations and other applicable policies arc vital to the control and eradication of IAS.# The NISSAP identifies several actions to improve and support this enforcement, including:"" • • ■ Capacity building on 1..-\S identification for customs officials, \VEOs, \VfMUs, quarantine officials and other relevant agencies; Enhanced enforcement of import and export regulations, biosafcty and quarantine mechanisms and border inspection procedures; and Integration of earlr detection efforts (e.g. field survey, inspection) in existing monitoring and sur\'cillance programs and quarantine scn;ccs. : :\dministrativc Order to formally adopt and implement the NISSAP is pending. 2.3.6 National Ivory Action Plan In 2013, the CITES Standing Committee identified the Philippines as among the eight countries with significant roles in the illegal ivory trade. The country was recognized as an important transit point of ◄., l>cpartmm1 nf Ennnmmm1 anJ Sarur:11 R~,um:-• ll•>J"cr,1~· .\I~• llul'<'au, Ph,hl'f',nc H,oJl\'Cl'SI~- l-lra1~· and :\cuon Plan 3:JIS-2028, 10? ◄◄ l)q,artmm1 of Ennronmcnl :and 1'arural RC'S<>Un:t'I 11.,.,1iwn1~· .\lan"l,'t'fllCflt Rur.-•u. f'h11Jrt,ioc Hw,Jn·rm~· ~ra1qo· and .-\cuon Pbn 3:11 S-.2028, 112 4S l.>cpuuncn1 of F.nnnmmm1 >nJ :-..run! Rt-.c,urccs Bw,Ji,·cr,ny .\h.n...,..-mm, llurnu, :--a11onal ln,·asl\·c ~ S•m~· and .-\ci-.,n PWl 2016 20216 (2016), 18 ◄6 l)qnmnro1 of Em·11unmt·n1 and Sa1ural Rnoum:-• - ll•>Jn·cn,~· :>,fJl\...,..-mcm llut'<'au, l'h111J'r1nc Bt<>Jl\'<'ffl~' Scntqey· and .\ct,un Plan 201 S..2028, 107 ◄7 0.,,anmmt of Ennronmmt and :--;arural Rc,ourcc-• lliod1wn,1~- .\fal\.\j..'efl'l<fll Bun·au, l'hJ1rr1nc B10Jn·cn1~· Su·atqzy anJ ,\cuun Plan 2'.IIS-20211. 110 48 Dcpartmc-nt of EnvltOrullC'flt anJ 1'arural Rno urc.,. li1udl\·m11~- .\llJl~r liurc:MJ, l'\Joon.al ln,·u1,·c Sj,N:ic, Srrll~· and .-\c1~,n Plan 2016 2026 (2016), JO 4? Dcpartm<-nt of En,~n~• and SJru~il Rc,o UKc,; B,oJl\·cN1t~ Man"*'..-mrnl llun:au. 1'JU<>nal ln,·-,·c Sp«,cs S1n.1~· and .\cnnn Pim 2016 2026 (2016), ;\rrn,<111 2-<1 15 State of \X'ildlifc En rcemcnt in the Philippines illegally sourced ivory from Africa on its way to consumers in China. lbe <tITES Standing Committee required all identified countries to submit their respective national acti<>fl plans detailing how they would deal with this issue. 10 "Ibe most recent Philippine National Ivory Action Plan covered a two-y period from June 2014 to June 2016. It focused on working toward the following: enactment of le tion and regulations on the registration of n·m:-y and ivory products; national level cnforceme- and investigation actions through the Philippine Operations Group on Ivory and Illegal Wildlife radc (POGI), DENR and partner agencies, international collaboration to improve enforcement; and uilding awareness in major air and sea ports. si During the 16'" CITES Conference of the Parties held South Africa in 20 t 6, the Philippines has been commended for its compliance and substantial irnplcmemarion of the Nl:\P. 3.0 Species-specific Conservation and Management ~(, t·r:11 ,pt·c ,t·, :--pn 1tic t, >n,crvation and managt·mcnt programs for 1 •mplt-mt ntt·d h~ g, ,, crnmt·nr agencies and non-government organizatiO' populauons ot tlH:,t· spt·oc~ through conservation and protection efforts. So Stt. hnpo:/ Nces.org/~r=p SI Dq..1111t1lC -,f Em POMICIII and Natunl Rcwun:ct - Biodmnily Mlnlgancat Bureau. 1'alJOnai Ivory z 16 tcned wildlife species arc These aim to increase the Plan July 2014 to June 2016 (2014). I State of \Vtldlifc Enforcement in the Philippines Some species are highlighted by national and local level issuances that underscore the need for their conservation. Table 6. Sptt1es-spttifk Conservation and \1anagcmcnt Programs Program and Supportive Areas of lmplcmcn1,uion Ac1hitic1 l11uance1 Bird, Philippine R.aptors Conservation Program PhilippU1e Cockatoo (Ca.a/JIIJ h.N111allfro/:Y§II) Consen:anon Program PhilippU1c ( >wls C.onservation Program Includes: Cc:hu )b',1,-X•ou•I (Si110.-..T11111sr Jr), Camiguin Hawk•owl (Sinox k1~11li.J1), Sulu Hawk-owl r.-·,-,,ox ~r) Tablt 6. ronlinutd Program and Supportive Iuuancea PlulippU1c I lombills Consel'\•ation Program Includes: Rufous -hc:adcd hombill (AmvJ 1"'1/d,111), \'isayan Tarictic hornbill (P,11,/qtJims tJ,111iniJ Regions 1, 2, 3, CAL-\BAR.ZON, B, 9, 10, 11, 12, CARAG:\ & C:\R ~ arra, Rizal, Dumaran and Culas1 Island, Bal2bac, P2l2u-an, Polillo Island Cebu Island, Camiguin Sur, Sulu Island Attu of Implementation :--orrhcrn Xegros ~atural Park, Mt. Kanlaon ~atural Park and Balinsasayao Tu,n Lakes :--arural Park in ~cgros Island 17 Conserv2tion breeding, research and educanon, Philippine eagle nest monitoring, rescue, rehabilitation and release of capuve population, management and habitat protection, community engagement, capacity• building and awucncss camp:ugns. :--=est protection, idcnufication, protection and managemcm of key conscr ... auon sites, habitat res1oration, conscr.,.a110n education, community in,·olvemcnr, rescue of indi.,.1dual birds, transloc:n1on and conscrvauon breeding for re-introduction Field research; and, protection of habitat for the species Acdvitiee Monitoring and research Panncr Organization& l·laribon Foundation, Philippine Eagle Foundation Inc. (PEFI), Cniversity of the Philippines· Diliman 1 nsututc of Biology, concerned LGL's < Katala Foundation, Inc .• Loro Parque rundacion, Wildlife \X'irhout Borders Philippines Biodiversity Conset\-ation Foundation (PBCF), World < hl.·I Trust, UK­ Owl T.\G, ~cgros Forests and Ecological Foundation, Inc. f?'<FEFJ) Panaer Organization, PBCF, ::--:orrh of England Zoological SocictJ. Yogdpark .\vifauna, Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation Foundation, Inc. /;\rRrr◄() 1>01;11,,. , + { ( c-<l R h,: .i.rt •c:nn, '/J,, '11"1'' Pt c ,n,c:r. J Mammals I l"UU\I. fl11l1,1/11 '11/IIMrtll J < ,nsc-r,.-a11 n roi.,-.tm a\an 'po .. cd Deer Rll1,1 I '(rrdJ ( 0 C'f\ :I I )0 I' rog r-,m~ egros and Panay Island \\hole mad of Mindoro and Panay State of Wildlife En+:>rcement in the Philippines I Islands Biodivenil)· Conservation Foundation (PIBCF) Conservation breeding PCCF, Bristol Clifton and Wen of England Zoological Society, UP Los Banos, SU Cebu Biodiversil)' Conserva1ion Foundation, Ncgros Forests (CBCF) and Ecological Foundation, Inc. (NFEFI) I Vcri6caaon survey of Worldwide Fund for tamaraw population, Nature infonnation education (\V\W~-Philippincs, Fu campaign. habnat and wild Eastern University, population monitoring .Asian Wild Cattle including annual populalio • Specialist Group, 1'oc count in Mt. lglit-Baco Conscr.-ation \\1th the National Park and D':\bovillc Foundation nwnlcnance of gcncpool farm/Mindoro Biodiven.it Rescue and Conservation Center. Annual cclcbrauon of the Special Month {October) I ~ the Conservanon and Protection of the T amara,i in Mindoro {2002) in accordance Wlth Proclamation :-.Jo. 273 R.cscuc and breeding, PBCF reintroduction, a'llollU'Cness •-~•S 18 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines Table 6. continued Program and Supportive Areas of Implementation Activities Partner Orfr,lnizations h,uaace, Philipptne Bats Philippine Bare backed Supporting habitat PBCF,NFEFI Conservation Program Fruit Bat in Carmen and conservation, information Catmon in Cebu and education campaigns, Includes: Philippine Bare- stakeholder training backed Fruit Bat (Dob1011ia Goldcn-cro\loncd flymg fox ac11,,1ics, sur,cys and chapma11i), Golden-crowned m ~It. Kanlaon Sauonal research flying fox (A«rodon fabah11) Park in :--:cgros Island and Philippine rube-nosed Fruit Bat (.\)-cfimtnt mbon) Philippine tube- nosed Fruit Bat in Panay and Ncgros islands f~·ing Fox Conservation 1':uionwidc Identification and PBCl-1 Program protection of roosting 5ites; population monitoring; education and awareness; establishment of cnrical habit:m Philippine T anicr Corclb, Bohol Habitat conservation and Philippine Tarsier ( Gzrfito JJn'thta) eco-tounsm, a\lo-:1reness Foundation, Inc. ConserYation Program campaigns, research, capti,·c breeding and rehabilitation Yisayan Warty Pig Ncgros and Panar Islands Breed.mg prognm, PBCF, :--:FEFI, Zoological (S111 <rbif,0111) Conser..-auon devclop~nr of protecrcd Society of San Diego Program areas Cloud luts Consen·ation ~lari-11 Consen·ation Park Su!'\"ey and monitoring, PBCF Program in Panay Island, Dmagat breeding lsbnd Includes: Dinagat cloud rat (Cralmnrys llMJtr/1/iJ), Panay bushy-railed cloud r2t ( Cl"rlltroll()J hta"!)1) Cabmian Deer Busuanga and Culion Field research, educauon PBCF Conservation (A,:iJ .-alamia111nm) Program lsbnds in Pab\\,':l.ll and a\\--:1rcncss campaigns 19 State of \\ ·ildlife En rcement in the Philippines T■ble 6.continucd l [ I I Program and Support n· Atcuof Acth-itie1 Partner Organizations luuanccs lmelcmcntatioo Reptiles J>ruhppmc ( fOC()sitlc :--; orthcm S1e:rra .\u'llrcncu and Pabwan \Vildlifc Rescue C onscn iuon Porgnm \ladre Na1Ural Park, cducatton camp:ugns, and Conservation ( ·,.,,,,,tf,/11, """""""·'IJ and Palawan. :\gusan conscrvatton breeding, Ccnrcr, !\.fabu\\-aya rD<Tltf, bufiO,w Ill I !I.lush Wildlife population 5urvc-y, rescue an4 Foundation, lsabda Sanctuary release Provincial Go\•cmmcnr I l'a\\1kan Cunservanon l'rof("ct :\U Regions cxccpr :-.itsr momtonng .ind ~urine Wildlife Watch of the CAR protccrK>n, hatchhng Philippinc5, vanous I.GUs, :--;c;< l< :ind POs managt'mCnt and harchhng release, informauon and education campaigns, coordination u·trh LGUs, rescue and rchah1h1ation I ncludc~ 1·1\·c spcc1c:s ot num1c rurtlc:, Green tunic, I lawksb1ll, c >u,c ndky, Lc,nhcr back, l .ogi1:crhc.1d 'hilippmc frc~hwatcr '-arra.. Rous, Rc-,cm:h, sr.1kc-h, ,lr.lcr Kara.la l·oundauon, Inc. I unlc: Conser. anon Dumaranand cngagcmc:nt, c~p11vc Program Taytay m Palawan population managcmcn1, 1dcntificauon , , : Includes Philippine forC5' con~crv2tu ,n ;ir<. l'unlc (S,,b,11rrx/eJ1//;J k1ltn!1. J, :-.outhc:.ast -\sl.ln Box I urtlc ((itor11 1111bo1111nJ1J), .\<tan I.cal I urtk ( ( ·)'t ltllf'JI <k11l<1lr J, \lab, sian Softshcll Turtle I >o, ~111.1 111bpla11.i; State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines 4.0 Support Policies for Wildlife Law Enforcement Several policies arc in place to guide enforcement of wildlife and wildlife-related laws. Among them are: 4.1 Republic Act 3019 or the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act The Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act has been in effect since 1960. It lists acts and omissions that constitute corrupt practices of public officers, as follows:s2 (a) Persuading, inducing or influencing another public officer to perform an act constituting a violation of rules and regulations duly promulgated by competent authority or an offense in connection with the official duties of the latter, or allowing himself to be persuaded, induced, or influenced to commit such violation or offense; (b) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present, share, percentage, or benefit, for himself or for any other person, in connection with any contract or transaction between the Government and any other part, wherein the public officer in his official capacity has to intervene under the law; (c) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present or other pecuniary or material benefit, for himself or for another, from any person for whom the public officer, in any manner or capacity, has secured or obtained, or will secure or obtain, any Government permit or license, in consideration for the help given or to be given, without prejudice to Section thirteen of this Act; (cl) Accepting or having any member of his family accept employment in a private enterprise which has pending official business with him during the pcndency thereof or within one year after its termination; (e) Causing any undue injury to any party, including the Government, or giving any private party any unwarranted benefits, advantage or preference in the discharge of his official administrative or judicial functions through manifest partiality, evident bad faith or gross inexcusable negligence. This provision shall apply to officers and employees of offices or government corporations charged with the grant of licenses or pcnnits or other concessions; {f) Neglecting or refusing, after due demand or request, without sufficient justification, to act within a reasonable time on any matter pending before him for the purpose of obtaining, directly or indirectly, from any person interested in the matter some pecuniary or material benefit or advantage, or for the purpose of fa,•oring his own interest or giving undue advantage in favor of or discriminating against any other interested party; (g) Entering, on behalf of the Government, into any contract or transaction manifestly and grossly disadvantageous to the same, whether or not the public officer profited or will profit thereby; S2RA 301?~ .l 21 (h) (i) State of Wildlife En~reement in the Philippines Directly or indirectly havmg financing or pecuniary interest in transaction in connection with which he inten•cncs or takes part which he is prohibited b~• the Constitution or by any law from ha any business, contract or his official capacity, or in any interest; Directly or indirectly becoming interested, for personal gain, or havipg a material interest in any transaction or act requiring the approval of a board, pand or group of which he is a member, and which exercises discretion in such approval, even if he votes against the same or docs not participate in the action of tlu: board, committee, panel or group. Interest for personal gam shall bt: presumed against those public pfficcrs responsible for the approval of manifestly un.lawtul. inequitable, or irregular transactio~ or acts by the board, panel or group to which they belong: G) Knowingly approving or granting any license, permit, prhi.legc or bctiefit in favor of any person not qualified for or not legally entitled to such license, pcnnit, priti)cgc or advantage, or of a mere representative or dwnmy of one who is not so qualified or entitled; and, (k) Dintlgmg valuable infom12tion of a confidential character, acquired by his office or by him on account of his offici21 position to unauthorized persons, or releasing such infonnation in advance of its authorized ~lease date. Penalties of imprisonment. perpetual disqualification from office, confi~cation or forfeiture of any prohibited interest or unexplained wealth, and/ or a fine may be imposed on public officials found guilty of these acts. S\ Pri,·ate parues in\"olved in these practices may also be similarly penalized and/ or temporarily or pcnnanently di!,9ualificd from ttansacting business with tht· government.~ 1bc DENR has a dedicated oifice for Internal Audit and Anti-Conk!ption. '[be Office of the Ombudsman likewise has a designated Environmental Ombudsman with jurisdiction over violations of en\"ironmenw laws in\"olving public officials and cmployces.5· Administrati\"e cases filed against DENR personnel arc rcfened to the Office of the Environmental Ombudsman for resolution and disposinon. '.16 4.2 Republic Act 9512 or the Environmental Awareness and Education Act The ,ational hm ironmcmal ;\warcness and Education ;\ct was l·nactcd m 2008 as part of the State's poltcy to "promote awareness on the role of natural resources Ill economic growth and the importance of cnvironmcnt21 conservation and ecological balanct.· toward sustained national development . .,s, To implement this policy, the DENR, along with the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (l"ESD.\) and Department of Science and Technology (DOST) were mandated to integrate environmental educauon into the school curricula at all levels. This environmental education should include modules on topics such as tree planting, waste minirnizatio segregation, recycling and 5' R.\ :IOI'} :-CC'} ~ R.\ :IOI') :-CC ' S 5 Fr"l"""lly A,kcd Q.x->11<,n1. C >iitec oi 1hc, Deputy t>mbud,rnan for I =on hnp / /,.'VIV,· .ombuJsnun ~" rr I mJ.-x.php?hornr:: l&na.·Id::Mg==&$Ub:Sa>·IJ= ~ffY=&I = ., '><, l>E1'R :\dm1n111r.au,c <>nl..-r 1 S ,c.-n,., of 2008 Gaicnl G....ddincs for the Rcfctr.J of<:~ ... -~ to the Offit of the l,n,·1runmrnul <>mbudtnun (l I ,\~u ;?()()ti) S7 R.\ ?512 :-cc::? 22 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines composting, freshwater and marine conser\'ation, forest management and conser,..ation, relevant li,•elihood opportunities and economic benefits and other related programs and undertakings.ss 4.3 Philippine Supreme Court AM No 09-6-8- SC - Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases Civil, criminal and special ci,..iJ actions invoh·ing violations of the NIPAS Act, Caves and Cave Resources Management ,-\ct, \'\'ildlifc .-\ct and other environmental laws are governed by the Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases. The Philippine Supreme Court promulgated these Rules in 2009 to: protect and ad,·ance the constitutional right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology; provide a simplified, speedy and inexpensive procedure for the enforcement of environmental rights and duties recognized under the Constitution, existing laws, rules and regulations, and international agreements; introduce and adopt inno,·ations and best practices ensuring the effecti,·e enforcement of remedies and redress for violation of environmental la"w-s; and enable the Courts to monitor and exact compliance with orders and judgments in em'll'onmental cases. The innovations introduced by the Rules of Procedure for Em-ironmcntal Cases include relaxation of the rules on standing, allowing any Filipino citizen in representation of others, including minors or generations yet unborn, to file an action to enforce rights or obligations under cm·ironmcntal laws.611 Courts are also enjoined to prioritize the adjudication of environmental casc:s.!.1 S8R:\'JSl2Scd S? Phlbrr•nc l-up~- Coun .\:'.I !'l:-0. (l').(,.8- S<:, Ruic 1 Sc<: . .l 60 Phtbrr1nc !-up~~ Coun A:'.! !'l:-0. 09-6-8- SC. Ruic 2 Sec. S 61 Plubl'f'tlle Supmnc C::oun . \M J',;o. 09-6-11- );(:, Ruic 4, Stt. S 23 State of Wildlife l~nforccmcnt in the Philippines s.o The Philippines' State of Affairs against Wildlife Crime In the: J>hilippi1w~, thl' anu crime machinery for preventing and controlling crime, such as wildlife cnmc, is the cnr11111.1l 1u~ncc system. Law enforcement, prosecution, Couns, and correction pillars arc the primar:, agl'nc1<.·s charged with these responsibilities, while the community pillar serves as the informal component. · All of the pillars play very important and crucJi roles in combauing and reducing crimes. 5.1 The Philippine Justice System Phil1pp1ne maritime police unload some of the sea turtles seized by officials from a Chinese•flagged vessel 111 km. west of Palawan Province in May 2014 [Credits: AFP; Source: http://www.osiaone.com/osia/philippines­ cnorges-9•chinese•fishermen I 'Ibe Law Enforcement pillar involves agencies charged with the enforcement of penal laws. To this belong the Philippine National Police (PNP), National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), DENR, Bf AR, Bureau of Customs (BOC), Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), Philippines Ports Authority (PPA), Philippine Navy (PN) and the Philippine Al! Force (P AF), among others. The work of the Law Enforcement pillar consists of the prevention and control of crimes, enforcement of laws and effecting the arrest of offenders, including the conduct of Lawful searches and seizures to gather necessary evidence so that a complaint may be filed with the Prosecutor's Officc. 61 'Ibe Prosecution pillar lays the backgroWld to detennine whether the petson arrested for \'iolating a law can be placed in the processes of the system. It resolves whether dt person can be charged in Court or not.M "The Court pillar is the cornerstone of the system that determines whe~r the person charged for a criminal offense is guilty or not. 1,, lne Correctional pillar refers to institutions mandated to administer both correctional and rehabilitation programs for the offcmkrs. These institutions include the National Bureau of Penology, Correctional Institution for Women, and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology. 'Ibc C,2 lkcar ( ,. Sonano. The l'h1hrr1n< Cnm,n,I lu,:icc Sy•1«n · , , , \I, -.kb & Pracuce (t.,?u.-,on (.It)· (;~1 Boob Publishing. 2010) pp. 1-2. <, i ~(tty M. Cani.klma, cl .ll, ro,. \SkUt!l<.·n· oi 1~ ('.l~ll) "' 1h, 1,ll.111 of 1hc Phtlrprmc Cnmrnal Ju•'" Sr-tern. <...,.,·.ombudmw,,)\O\',ph>, (l:>t-ccmlxr 19, 2016) (..4 Nanc,11e I>. Cano, "Conc..-p1 of Cnmin~I lu,11<, S,1trm in 1hc Phdipptnc,:· 2016, <,..,...., .. cu c:Ju.ph>, (IA nbcr l<J, 2016). C,5 Ibid 24 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines correctional and rehabilitation programs intend to develop the offenders or convicts' abilities and potentials and facilitate their re-integration into the community and nomw family lifc.66 1bc Community pillar represents the most important part of the system. These are the members of the community starting from the f.unily, the schoo~ the church, the government, the mass media, and the community agencies up to the barnngay government unit. 1bese community members must be involved and committed in the fight against crime. For one, they are the eyes and cars of the agencies charged with the enforcement of the laws. lbey are the ones who report the crime to authorities. 'Ibey are the vital witnesses in Court. It is only through active participation of the community that the fight against crime can achieve a high level of success. lnfonned private citizens can make a decisive difference in the prevention, detection and prosecution of crime, as well as in the restoration of offenders to the commwuty as law abiding and productive citizens. 5.2. Policies. Programs and Activities of the Five Pillars of Criminal Justice to Address and Combat Wildlife Crime Combatting wildlife crime in the Philippines is a collaborative effort of many institutions. Many of these implement programs and activities or have adopted policies and systems that enhance effortS to combat wildlife crime. At present, however, there is no system in place to assess whether the policies, programs and activities are effective. 5.2.1. Law Enjorrtmtnl Pillar 5.2.1.1. DENR As the primarily mandated government agency, DENR. through the BMB, has been at the forefront of the efforts to address and combat wildlife crime, particularly through policies, IEC and training activities. In its effort to strengthen wildlife law enforcement, it led the development of the Wildlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations. The \VLE.MoP provides the standard operating procedure all mandated agencies must follow to ensure that wildlife crimes are detected and investigated, and that violators are brought to Court. The DENR-BMB, in pannership with Tanggol Kalikasan, USDOI-ITAP and recently with the USAID-Prorect Wildlife Project, has so far conducted seven(!) batches of national training of trainers on the application of the said .Manual that had raised awareness and capacitated about 430 indi\'iduals from national government agencies, local government units and civil society organizations for wildlife law enforcement. The BMB, through the assistance of the Uni\'ersity of the Philippines-Diliman, has also initiated the conduct of basic W'"tldlife Forensics (tissue sample collection for DNA) and Management of Wildlife Rescue Center for DENR Regional/Field Offices. More advanced training on Wildlife Forensics and Wildlife Crime Scene Investigation was introduced in early part of 2018 with the USDOI-ITAP as lead partner in the implementation. 1be BMB likewise facilitated the institution and mobilization of the Philippine Operations Group on Ivory and Illegal Wildlife Trade (POGI) to apprehend violators, confiscate undocumented wildlife, their by-products and derivatives and file cases with the Office of the Prosecutor. 61, I.« Anne- Elnmbunu. • t·"·r 1',lbn of the Cnmirul Ju•titt Sy<tMn. tt 2013, <,.,..,. fC'nh<!.C">m>, (l>ttel"",,, , 20. 2016). 25 State of \\'ilcllife Enforcement in the Philippines On efforts to misc awareness, reach out and change behavior to red demand for wildlife, their dcriwtives and by-produc~ the BMB has led the production of posters threatened species, booklets on RA 9147 and short videos emphasizing the importance of wildlife. ·rnese os are shown at different training accivities, events and g.atherings participated in by both children and adult learners. The Bl\IB has likewise initiated the conduct of the national ,vilcllife quiz bee for high school students. ·1rus is to encourage inclusion of topics on Philippine biodiversity and ,vildlifc in high school curriculum. B.MB has likewise led the confennent of Wildlife I.aw Enforcement Awards which c the contributions and effons of groups and individuals in combatting Midlife crime. As part of its "Stop Illegal Wildlife Trade Campaign", the BMB has also ~barked on the conduct of nationwide orientation-seminars on national and international policies pn ivory and wildlife trade targeting agcnc1cs and entities manning and operating in major air ands. ports. lbcse seminars had CO\'ered ports in Manila, Pampanga, Sorsogon, Mindoro, Pala,van, Cebu, Ncgros Occidental, Negros Oriental, Samar, Leyte, Iloilo, Cag.ayan de Oro, General Santos, S o de! Norte, Sarangani, Zamboanga City and Da\·ao City. BMB also :-Cl"~ the , ahtt" of expanding regional and inrcrnational coopcrarion and commitment, Thirty (301 Grade 9 students from different public schools in the National Capital Region (NCR), CALABARZON and Region Ill participated ,n the Third Wildlife Quiz Bee Contest ~rein they were challenged with Questions to hone their knowledge about wildlife. - ' State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines hence its active participation in the ASEAN Working Group on CITES and Wildlife Enforcement (formerly ASEAN-WEN) and CITES Conference of the Parties. At the field level. DENR regional offices have contributed their fair share in efforts to address and combat wildlife crime. In these offices are lodged the environmental law enforcement functions of the DENR. The activities of the regional offices can be grouped into four categories or programs, namely capacity building, actual law enforcement operation, IEC for reducing demand for wildlife, and coordination and networking. Under capacity building, the regional offices conduct basic wildlife law enforcement training activities for LGUs, law enforcement agencies, and deputized community law enforcement voluntc:ers.67 They likewise establish \VfMUs at seaports and airports, and deputize PNP personnel and officials as WEOs.61 As of December 2017, there arc about 1200 designated/deputized \VEOs nationwide. On their actual law enforcement progam, DENR, through its rangers, conducts foot patrol, surveillance and intelligence gathering, monitoring of their permittees and counter-operations such as apprehensions and rescue of wildlife.69 DENR field offices likewise file cases in the Office of the Prosecutor for possession and trading of wildlife.'° On IEC, DENR hosts radio programs and posts signagc and information materials71 in strategic locations in the community. It also reaches out to communities and baran~ys and students in elementary and high schools.72 Finally, under its program on coordination and networking, DENR establishes linkages with other law enforcement agencies through regular coordination and meetings and entering into covenants to uphold inter-agency cooperation against wildlife crime.'' J.2.1.2. Philippinf ;'\'alional Poli« The Philippine National Police, through the School for lnvesti~tion and Detective Development (SIDD), has included in its Investigation Officer Basic Course (IOBC) a submodule on environmental laws. This submodule discusses wildlife crime and the laws pertinent to this. IOBC is part of the Certification Program of the PNP Fidd lnvcstig2tion Service. IOBC is a course that must be undertaken by a field in\•cstigator for him or her to be certified as Police Investigator. Since the inclusion of wildlife laws in the IOBC, five batches of tr.lining have been conducted composed of approxim2tcly 50 students for each batch. Also ongoing in the PNP SIDD is the development and institutionalization of Environmental Crime Investigation Course. Part of the environmental crime is wildlife crime. The PNP has supported POGI in its various operations, such as the Tonda, Lucena, and Batan~s City cases. On July 3, 2013, the PNP assisted POGI in raiding a house in Tonda, Manila, which yielded 109 threatened wildlife species 78 Hill mynas, 12 Blue-naped parrots, five Saltwater crocodiles, and 14 Forest turtlcs.74 Joint POGI-PNP operations in Lucena, Quezon7 ~ led to the arrest of four persons and the seizure of 178 heads of threatened Palawan spccies.76 On November 10, 2013, POGI worked with PNP operatives 2nd Anned Forces of the Philippines (AFP) personnel in Batangas City to conduct the confiscation of threatened species: fi,·e monitor lizards and one cloud rat on November 10, 2013. 67 Su,-·.,- on \X',ldla(c I ..a,.· Enfottc-mc-nt b,· B11>dl\·c,..ry \bn"t('l'mrnl llur,.-iu. s.,>tembn,l-,;m·cmbcr. 2016 mach.J as Annex I. 681biJ. 69lb,J. 70 lb,J. 7111,id. 72 lb.J. 7.\ Ibid. 74 DE:-.R. llonon \\'clJlifc <:rune h+:hcrn." The Pluhpp,nc Sw. l>tambn 1,2(11 l, <,o,.,,·.Pluls1u.com>, (l)«cmbcr :al,2016) 7Slbiil. 76 Ibid. 27 St2te of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines lbc PNP l\.1aritime Group (MG) is likewise supportive of wildlife law enforcement effons. For example, the PNP-MG was responsible for the apprehension of wildlife smugglers in rwo separate operations in Palawan Province. On October 18, 2013. they led the arrest of 13 Vietnamese nationalsn and confiscated the 294 marine turtles found in their possession. Two weeks later, on November 3, 2013, the PNP-MG arrested two l\.Waysian fishermen who were caught smuggling out 9,228 marine turtle eggs, two sacks of marine turtle meat, and three sacks of sea dam meat.'"' On March 26, 2014, a \'ienumc:se vcssc:I marked KH 96365-TS was intercepted by PNP-MG operati\·es for poadung off the waters of Taytay, Palawan. They discovered onboard about 50 assorted dead sharks, including great white sharks, bull sharks. :md hammerhead sharks."') On May 6, 2014, the PNP-MG patrol intercepted a Chinese fishing ves~ 1 and recovered a total of 555 sea turtles. Of the total, 177 were alive and were immediately released bac to the wild. The PNP-MG police investigators also discovered that 207 sea turtles were slaughtered and stu fed by the Chinese fishennen.l!l• lbe PNP Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) has DENR in its investigation efforts. It has assisted the latter in tracking do of wildlife: and facilitated the conduct of training on social media trafficktng.11 o been an active partner of the criminals engaged in online sale loitation in relation to wildlife In addition to actual law enforccmc:m operatiom, the PNP also conduo outreach or IEC activities. These include a seminar on R.:\ 9147 for the dt·~i~matc<l \X'EOs in the Valcnz Police Station.112 1be Batangas Police Provincial Office conducted a series of dialogues with the comm ty to disseminate infonnation and create awareness on the different issues and concerns, including wildlife: fficking.si Police Regional Office XII conducted wildlife advocacy seminars for elementary and high schoo students in Region XII. It likewise conducted a wildlife enforcement symposium attended by its pcrso cl. especially those manning the checkpoints like the Public Safety Forct.-s.114 5.2.1.). Nalional B11rra11 oflflvtJl~~•'hon In 2010, the National Bureau of Investigation established the Enviro+ent and \XTtldlife Protection and Investigation Division (E\X'PID), which conducts activities pertinent toj addressing wildlife crime, such as actual investigation and operations and some infonnation dissemination. M7 lb,J 7!11b,J 7') Ephr11m ( .ario,·, "Vk·ln•mc,c: l'oxhcn ~ in l'ab•-2n" ABS-CBN New,. 11pcb1rd on Much 31, 4, <-,.:1.M•dm.com>. (l~<:mlxr 3), .2ll16). 80 lldu, PMIJ, "<lunl Poachcn Owpd; Tunics Rctu!TX'd 10 l-<-a." 11k' Phil,ppmc Sw. upJ,tcd on May 1 2014, <,. ... ..,,.phaJ.w.com>. (l .......,. 21).2016). 81 Sun.,y on Wildli1t •- F-'lf~CfflCfll by 8ioJl\cN1" ~bn.agcmcnl Bun:-~u. ~1c:mbc:f-S,,. cmbt-r. 2016 ... n,:1 I. 112 Ibid. "' Ibid K-4 Ibid 28 State of \Vildlife Enforcement in the Philippines The NBI Central Office operatives together with members of POGI raided the Manila North Cemetery on September 23, 2014, targeting some mausoleums that were turned into a bird breeding center and makeshift aviary. More than 60 birds wue confiscated from this operation.8s Earlier, on June 25, 2014, a joint NBI and POGI covert operation led to the capture of a big time coral smuggler in Zamboanga City.86 This led to the seizure of stalactites, corals, and other wildlife species in a buy-bust operation in Pagadian City. Recovered at the house were 30 pieces of stalactites, 275 pieces of coral species that include precious and rare black and red corals, several giant clams, two carapaces of hawksbill turtles and 29 hawksbill scutes.87 NBI Region XII also conducted some surveillance operations on the illegal transport of endangered species and illegal trading of geckos, known locally as "tuko,',u which arc purported to have medicinal value. On April 4, 2016, the EWPID was changed into the Environmental Crime Division. Just like its predecessor, the Division has been an active partner of POGJ in its operations. On April 4, 2016, the NBI and DENR raided a sari-sari store in Cainta selling endangered birds. The group was able to rescue 23 birds from this operation.119 In May 2016, the NBJ arrested a Chinese national for possession of four pangolins and three cobras in Clark Freeport Zone.""' The NBI was likewise involved in POGl's operations in Davao, Bulacan, Pasay, and Cartimar.91 As to information dissemination activities, the NBI Region XI conducted a lecture for barangay officials relative to wildlife cases.92 The NBI Region XII - Central Mindanao Regional Office likewise conducted a training activity on wildlife crimes participated in by deputized WE0s9 ' from among the PNP-MG and Forest Rangers. The said NBI Office was likewise represented in the intelligence fusion activity joined in by DENR and PNP for the purpose of combatting wildlife traffic.,. 5.2.1.4. B11rtt1H of C11sk>ms (BOC) In its effort to contribute to the enforcement of environmental laws. including wildlife laws, the BOC created, as early as 1996, the Environmental Protection Unit (EPU) under the Enforcement and Security Services (ESS). The functions of the EPU include coordination and participation in all activities regarding environmental protection conducted by other government agencies and NGOs, whether local or foreign-based institutions.<>S Under Customs Special Order No. 12-96, the Director of the ESS is directed to exert efforts to establish EPUs at all principal ports and subports of entries for the effective enforcement of environmental laws and regulations. There arc EPU operatives in the Port of San Fernando in La Union, Port Irene in Cagayan Valley, Port of Subic, Port of Clark, Port of Batangas, Subpart of Puerto Princesa, Pon of Legaspi, Port of Iloilo. Port of Cebu, Mactan International Airport, Port of Tacloban, Port of Surigao, Port of Davao, Port of Zamboanga, Port BS J~ Konst211tin Gah·rz, "l'llbk AJked to lldp Slop Wildlife.fl ~ Manila Tuna Online, October 25. 2014, <,. ... ,·.mmit.1imu.nc1>, {lxcnnber 20, 2016). 86 '1)ENR I !,,non 'Wildb(c I lcrucs'," March 6, 20IS. <www.cknr.p.ph>, (Dcccmbtt 20, 2016). 117 '1)1-:.-.;R C:mht• Social M.-Ju. Pu~ \'~nee foe Succcuful \Vddlilc RctaX Opcnliom." Ju))· J, 2014. <•,n•Aknr,A<>\·.ph>, (l>c&-m,c,r 20, 2016}. 88 Surn-y on WilJl,(c, , .,.. Enforccmo.-nt h)· tt.,J.,·cniiy Man~mmc 1'uttai, Scpcunbcc•No.-crnb.~. 2016 anachc:J u : ncx I. 119 K.io:nnerr Gcrv.1n T:1ea<kiu, ":-illl. l>E:-;R Rn! Nn-San Scott Sclhng P..ndangual Bini,." GM:\!'....,.-. C>nlinc, publ11lx-J on .\pnl 6. 2016. <,,..,...,..i,.'m1ncNurk.cum>, (l><-ttmbn :ll>, 2016) 90 Jon.aih211 L 1'byuga. "Clm Fr,q,on /,.,.,., undtt T¢r \\'1rch for llqi:ll Wlkllsfc T...k," Ruoc~• M1m,r, :\la~· 4. 201(,. <wwia·.builnc:.,m,m,r.com.ph>. (l~r 20, 21l16). ?I ~r\·.-y ,,., \\'ilJlifc Law Enforccmcnc by 81<,di,·cn•~· M211.agnnm1 l~reau, Scptcmbcr-Non-mbtt, 21116 anxhcJ u Annex I. ?21b1'1 9.\ lbkl 9-4 Jb,J. ?S 1-:n.J, Nico""-Jc~ r .. ' Uonlc.'f Control :\CU\'IIJC> .u,J C:lullt:"l(C> for Tacklir'lj( Ille~ TrambounJ~· :'>lo\'lcmrnl of I b,wou, \\·utN." ro..,~rpotnl Prc,..,.,.,ucw,n. \\'orbhop 2010 of 1hc :\s,an :--c,..,,...i. for P=·cntun of 11k-K2l Tr>.n.!><,unda~· Mm·cn-cn1 o f I lu;ardous \\'2Slc<. Yokohinu. J~pan, J~nu.vy 27-29,.2010. 29 State of Wildlife En rccment in the Philippines of Cagayan de Oro, Ninoy :\quino International Airport (NAIA) Dis ·ct Office, and l\.farivdes District Office. ')be BOC has been very active in enforcing wildlife laws. Of the eight ivory confiscations in the Philippines from 1996 to 2009, six were made by the BOC. These eight confiscations involved approximately 12,750 kilograms of elephant tusks/ivory,?6 pan of which of were destroyed during the Philippine ivory crushing c:n·nt in 2013. In 2011, the BOC was responsihh: for the detection and apprehension of illegal shipment in Cotabato City of marine wildlife species consistin~ of 163 stuffed hawksbill and green turtles, 21,169 pieces of black corals, 7,340 pieces of trumpet and helmet shells and 196 kilograms whips.''" In the first quarter of 2016, NAIA Customs pen. found wildlife in styrofoam cases declared as aquatic plants. employee of the Office for Transportation Security at the has also been held on charges that he tried to send 11 tarsie snakes, 11 monitor lizards, eight sailfin lizards and two owls to Japan. ·1ne BOC, m implemenong RA 9147, has conducted orientation•serninars about the law among its Collection and Inspection Officers 112.tionwide and has designated WEOs among i participated in the ASEAN.\,'EN. ;.2.1.J. Philippi1tt Coast C"ard (PCC:J ·rne PCG is mandated to enforce :\laritime Law, including laws on fish es, immigration, tariff and customs, forestry, firearms and explosives, hwnan trafficking, dangc- us drugs and controlled chemicals, the Re,;sed Penal Code, and all other applicable la~ wi the country's maritime jurisdiction. It is likewise mandated to combat transnational crime, 1n uding wildlife crime."'> In rclaoon thereto, the PCG has established and continuously sustains e operations of nine (9) National Coast Watch Centers located in Manila, Cebu, Dwnaguetc, A uc, and Palawan. ')be PCG was responsible for sn·eral apprehensions pertinent to wildli PCG personnel confiscated several dead sea turtles and rare corals fro dunng routine inspection at a Tawi-Tawi port.u11 'The PCG has intcnsifi particularly Ul Southeastern Mindanao where its maritime patrol and inte m several apprehensions 101 In 2013, it apprehended Chinese poachers coral reef in southwestern Philippines. Inspection of their boat led to 10,000 kilos of pangolm meat. 1"· The PCG was also credited for the 0 ')(, IIJ>Jl\cni~· MJ~I 8,=iu (:?Ill\ R,1"•<1 on thr l~t>tmn of the: pro\·1;1on; of C:nliS C OP1 S) and 1:>« .. ,on 1 l 26 (Re, C"ol'I )) cunc,-nunic con1ro!J of 1r.Jc m 1rnl)'. Rctnc\·cJ imm CIICM>IK· '17 Inc . oa.:atnl Pres•, "( or,I :-ll1UIQ(b~ R>"o .\Sann in Plulipp,nc,." CBCNn1-. \VorlJ. updJrtJ on (l>ttro,lxr 20, 2016). ''" "l'.dnoNI Thrnu 10 \\ ,IJli(,·. • Jl,c Pluhppm,· ~cu, Fcbruuy I. 2016. <-. ... , ·.plulftut com>. (I)cccmbtt ')') !',I \RJJt"I, (I~bc,r •• 21>16) ~•ncHJ fmm hap:/ /...-.cou1,. """tdfl<>'" rhltn.k• php/ rnn l>cc..mixr 211 :?Ill(, IOU l>auJ Yu ~Jntos. "l>uJ S..·2 I un1es. Conb Sa.tcd in \';c·mamc:s< 11.,.,,;• Ral'f'kr. upJJIN . \pnl (l">«=bcr 20. :?ot<,). IOI :-ul"tl on \\dJhfr J-,,.. l"nfnrnmcn1 hr B•>J1n.-n1ty Malla(IC11lnll Burt-au, ~rcmlx-r•So,·c:mbct, 2016 to2 l).unun < .unn.,"lon. ·•< hm<:1<: \"c,5("1 ,,n l'lul'l'l"ne Coral Red Caul(ht ,.,,h I~ l'ani-"<>bn Mean." <"'"'"" 1'1qclurJ12n cum>. (I>cccmbu 21•. 2016). 30 crime. On 24 April 2012, a Vietnamese fishing boat its intelligence operations, agency operations resulted hose boat ran aground a e discovery of more than obcr 21, 2013 arrest of 13 tiori Con(. 10.10 (Re-·. 2()16). /(unctions/nurlcn on 2012, <w,..,.·.npplcr.com>, as Annex I. Guardw,. :\pnl 1 ~. 2111.\. State of Wlldlife Enforcement in the Philippines Viemamese poachers and recovery of 300 frozen sea runles.103 On May 27, 2015, PCG operatives were able to seize 14 stuffed sea turtles from Green Island in Barangay Tumarbong in Rons, Palawan.1 (M In Central Visayas, the PCG has deployed its intelligence personnel at the port area to monitor illegal activities. It works in close coordimtion with DENR, BF AR, and other government agencies on concems regarding wildlife tr.afficking, leading to the apprehension and confiscation of nine sacks of dried starfish at the Camotes Port, Cebu in August 2016.105 The PCG further enhanced the skills of its personnel by sending them to attend various environmcnt:a.l seminars and training activities. The PCG is also very active in rescue operations and proper disposition of wildlife. On August 23, 2015, PCG personnel of Coast Guard Vessel AE 46 recovered a three-foot sea turtle, which it turned over to the Ninoy Aquino Park and \Vtldlife Center, Quezon City.106 A stranded spenn whale was also rescued by the PCG off the shoreline of Barangay Marina in San Jose, Antique.107 Also in October 3, 2016, PCG personnel onboard a BF AR vessel found and subsequently rescued a floating wounded palllika11 while conducting a maritime patrol in Zamboanga City.1~ 5.2.1.6. Palmvtln CoH11dl far S111lai11abk Dt11tlop111t11I (PCSD) The PCSD is a multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary body responsible for the enforcement and implementation of RA 761 t, otherwise known as the "Strategic Environmental Plan,. for Palawan. The PCSD also has the mandate to enforce the provisions of RA 9147 (\X'ildlife Act), RA 9175 (Chainsaw Act) and RA 9072 (Caves Act). It has created its own PCSD Enforcement Team, including \VfMUs at strategic air and sea ports in Palawan, to directly engage in activities against wildlife crimes. It has established the PCSD Committee on Security and Safety, which is chaired by the Commander of the Western Command AFP and composed of the major Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) operating within Palawan, to act as the coordinating committee on matters related to environmental enforcement. The PCSD Enforcement Team has led several apprehensions and prosecutions for illegal possession, collection, trade and trafficking of wildlife. PCSD enforcement data shows that from 2010 to 2015, 215 major wildlife enforcement operations were conducted: 60 involving wild flor.i and 155 for wild fauna. Consequently, 175 cases were filed against more or less 415 persons. In 2015 alone, some of the major enforcement apprehensions in Palawan include: confiscation of 525 heads of hawksbill turtles and 65 pieces of marine turtle eggs at the Kaliksi Island Resort in Puerco Island, Barangay Tumarbong, Roxas; confiscation of 4,402 heads of freshwater turtles and 33 pieces of freshwater turtle eggs at Sitio Canumay, Barangay Rio Tuba, Bataraza; confiscation of 211 heads of freshwater turtles on February 20 at Taytay; confiscation of 61 heads of freshwater turtles on March 21 at Taytay; confiscation of 90 heads of freshwater turtles on April 27 at Dwnaran; confiscation of 25 heads of marine turtles on May 24, at Dumaran; confiscation of 100 heads of talking mynah, 10 heads of blue-naped parrots, three heads of Palawa.n cockatoo, one 10) Agcncc l'ranc.--P-. MO \'icttwnck- Nabbed III PH for Poaclunjt ~ Tunks," .\B.'- CIJS s, ... ,,. October 21. :.,JIJ. <-.abs­ cbn.wm>. (l>«cmbct 20. 2016). 104 K(i1h An,hony S. Fabro. ul-6 Stuffed Sn Tunic, S.-,uJ ,n i•al.t,.=.'' c;r,;JI,; Phwpplrl('s. updated ~fay '1J .201S. <cnnphsbppincs.com>, (l>ttC'fflbct 20, 2016). IOS Sun·cy on Waldlifc I.a-.• Enforccrncnt by Biodiv(mty M~-cmct1t Bun:au. Sq,icmbcr-Novcmba. 2016 a11:achal as Annex l . 106 Rosette Add, ''<:0 .. 1 ""-'rd Pcnonncl Rctcucs 'Pa•'lkan'," Pluls1u.rom, upcb1rd August 2l, 201S. <•,-w.phi!.w.c;om>, ~ :!0,2016). 107 "Coast Guatd Racuc-, a Sperm \'t'lw: in An~." Nu.,n ToJ,y. ~ May IS. 2016. <,...,,,.,.. n.aoon1od1p1A'I>. (l)c,cC'fflbcr 20, 2016). 108 •cou1 GuuJ RcKU<.--. Fmbrlf(<'rcd Sc-a l"urtk in Zamboanga Ciry". <hnp://,..,......coasigua,d~v.ph/indr,..php/ll--/OS4. coaH•RUW·tNCUN·<:n<bni,'<·=I • K'J•tuttk-in-nmboanga~ty >, (October S, 2016). 31 State of \X'ildlife Enf()rcemcnt in the Philippines crocodile and one wild boar on :\ugu~t 26 at Rizal; confiscation of eight heads of talking mynah and 16 heads of bluc-naped parrot on August 27 at Aborlan; confiscation of 10 heads of freshwater turtles, two heads of bluc-napcd parrot, two heads of civet cat and 10 heads of talking mynah on September 1 t at Puerto Princesa City; confiscation of 17 heads of talking mynah on October 5 at Bataraza; confiscation of 975 heads of freshwater turtles on October 18 at T 3)'t3}, and confiscation of 53 heads of marine turtles on November 26 at Bataraza. In trying to forge cooperation with other agencies, local gm·cmmcnts and commwuty members, the PCSD has trained and deputized \X1~Os from local police, local government <.'lTlployccs, NGOs and voluntct"r groups. It also has partnered with the Provincial GO\·cmment of J>alawan thru the Provincial Law Enforcement Task Force and Bantay Palawan Task Force. 'Ibis partnership led to the apprehension of some of the major wildlife crimes in Palawan. 5.2.1.7. Philippint Nal!)· (P.'\') 'lbe Philippmc Na,-y 1s the nan! service branch of the AFP with a role an assisting other government agencies in the protection of marine resources and cm-ironmcnc. The PN has been an active partner of the national government and LGUs 111 cnvuonmcmal protection and conservation. Through their environmental programs, the PN was involved in campaigns against illegal acthities within Philippine waters.1111 For example, in November 30. 2012, the PN rescued more than 100 sea turtles from Chinese poachers. On May 24, 2013, in the ,icinity of S1tio Marabon. Brgy. Bangkalaan. Balabac, Palawan. joint teams of the PN and PNP-~fG-Spccial Boat Unit seized 65 sea turtles that were about to be transported to Hasa-Hasa Shoal. It came to be known later that the tunles were ultimately intended for sale to Chinese poachcrs.111 Meanwhile, the PN station based in Hect Marine Ready Force, Naval Base Heraclco Alana, Sanglcy Point, Cavite City facilitated the revlSlon of the PN's apprehension fonn to include wildlife crimes. It likewise facilitated the establishment of \VfMlJs m several seaports. However, due ro budgt·tary constraints, these uruts were not maintained. .... The PN also conducted a seminar on wildlife laws, rules and regulatiOf for commanding officers and opcranons officers of the PN vessels in Region IX and some po ·ons of the Autonomous Region of Muslim l\findanao (ARMM), as well as an oricntation-s~ on RA 9147 for the PN ll~J f'(::;I):,, I.a ... l.nforcc:m.-m l'nn (~'IS). PoetOpcPtioo Rcporu. ±: 1111 ~'<"nee l·r.,,ce•l'tnO<'.. "l'luhpp•n~ New)' ltocun 100. Sal ·runic• (n,m l'u.achcn," Int :--o.-c.-mbct 31\ 2lll2. <,,.,. 1n1cnknon com>, (1"1:crr-bcr 20, 2016). 111 l'.Jmcr Radilla. ~6S :-C-1 Tunln Bound b Su ro <lmc9c Poxhcn !-nzcJ tn P .il1w-.,, " Int May 2~. 201 \ <1n1cnk,,,,n con>, (l"><--cnnh<-r 21,, 21•16). 32 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines personnel in the Naval Force Western Mindanao together with barangay officials from the same 112 area. Meanwhile, the Headquaners Office Station, through its Office of the Naval Staff for Civil Military Operations, facilitated the updating and revision of the PN environmental protection policy, a draft of which has been submitted and is awaiting approval by the PN Flag Officer in Command. It likewise conducted information and dissemination activities on RA 9147. The PN also conducted actual seaborne patrols within territorial seas and intelligence networking and information sharing with other LEAs. m 5.2.1.8. Philippint Ports A,,J/,qrjlJ (PPA) Presidential Decree No. 857 designates the PP A as a government-owned corporation under the then Depamnent of Transportation and Communications (now Dcpamnent of Transportation, or DOTr). PPA is responsible for the financing, management, and operations of all public ports throughout the Philippines, except for the port of Cebu. Part of its function is the enforcement of marine pollution control and other environmental protection laws, rules and regulations, including RA 9147, in close coordination with DENR, PCG and other LEAs. 114 The PPA in Cebu has conducted awareness briefings on wildlife trafficking for its port security personnel.115 The PP A office in Batangas conducted a re-echo seminar on Wildlife Law Enforcement for its PPA-Project Management Office pcrsonnd.' 16 It likewise facilitated the establishment of a \VfMU inside the Port of Batangas. 117 The PPA in Mindoro likewise conducted a re-echo training on \X-'ildlife Law Enforcement for its security guards and port policc.111 5.2.1.9. DA-B111ta11 ojFishmu and Aq11alk Rlso11ms (BFAR) In the past five years, the DA-BF AR has expanded its law enforcement efforts in five specific ways. First, it started to implement its program of hiring and training new Fishery Law Enforcement Officers. These officers conduct, among others, seaborne operations to intercept smugglers of turtles and other aquatic wildlife. The training of these officers involves a 90-day 2-part program. The first part is the 30-day transition period in which participants are indoctrinated on discipline, conduct and values, basic tactical training, and strenuous physical training. The second part is the 60 day training on BF AR operations and protocols, fishery laws and aquatic protection, shipboard operations and practicum, advance tactical training, water search and rescue, field training exercises and physical development program. 119 Second, it strengthened law enforcement in the procurement of 27 units of 40-footer Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS) vessds, 70 units of 30-footer multi-mission vcssds, and two units of 112 Survey on W,IJlif<' 1 .. ,.. Enforcnnrnt b~· liM.J1nn11y ~bn"l-,'<'mmt Burcau. Sc-pccmb<-t•No,'Cfflbcr, 2016 acuchc-J u , fl<'x I . Ill Ibid. 11-4 Ibid. 115 Ibid. 116lbid. 117 Ibid. 118 lbtJ. 11? '1'C'· l>:\,BFAR 1'1.UK'f)· I.a· Enforcc:n Rc-JKlr to Combat IUUF.• BFAR Nnta, Januay ll, 2':llS, <~.b(u.Ji.KO•·.ph>. (1:>t«mbcr 20, .2016). 33 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines ;o.mctcr ,·('<:,cl<: cquippc-<l with necessary special operations tools an<l devices such as scnice fire arms, (; PS, night vision goggles, scuba gear and rigid-hulled ··maL magc:ic;an~nt!t ,ca~aG~'T'sn DA·BFAR ~ Md, ~ di Md~dSd"dng Karaptan· Proar•m 1ward5 COHtal munlcip.1Htles with ex~plary efforts In protectln1 ind con5eN1n1 their marine environment, which Include, amon1 other criteria, no illegal f15hlng. 5.2.2. Prosemtion Pillar inflatable rubber boats.1211 ")bird, it !Started its development of the FisJ"tery Law Enforcement Managetiicnt Information System. Through this system, BFAR will be able to tt10nitor and track cases of apprehc4sions and violations. Fourth, Enforc Operat:1ti standard developed a Fishery Law ent Manual of which sen·es as its w en forccmcn t protocol. Finally, it facilitated the amendment of RA 8550, otherwise known as the F~hcrics Code of the Philippines, and paved the way for the proqi.ulgation of RA 10654 to enable ,aid Bureau to address illegal, ated and unreported fishing. "(be DOJ-NPS, in coordination with 1ts Training Department, initiated in 2014 the development of a trairung program on the prosecution of environmental cases which involve forestry, wildlife, protected area, fisheries, and air and water pollution. In the dcvdop~t of the training program, the DOJ-NPS held a consultation workshop in 2012 on the training des . In 2013, it conducted a pilot training attended by the chief of its regional prosecution offices all vcr the country to test the design. Revisions were made on the training design based on the rec mmendations of the pilot participants. The DOJ-NPS then implemented a Trainors' Training with the purpose of developing us in-house capability. Approximately 40 prosecutors were trained to s. e as resource persons for the subsequent regional training activities that were to be conducted. F 2013 to 2015, the DOJ­ NPS conducted three regional training activities anended by the heads of the city and provincial prosecutors' offices in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. 'Ibe DOJ-NPS has likewise started with its program to monitor en ental cases through the conduct of regular mvemory of cases pending in the cit)' and provincial rosecutor offices as well as those filed with the Courts. 34 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines It has also conducted inquest and prosecuted some wildlife cases in Court.m 5.2.3. Court Pillar lbc Philippine Courts, in general, arc guardians of laws (civil, criminal, and administrative) co the end that they become instruments in protecting the environment for the present and future generations. Courts everywhere in the Philippines arc heavily burdened by dogged dockets. Tnus, in a bid 10 improve the handling of environmental cases in the Philippines and to address the increasing number of wildlife \·iola1ors in the country, the Supreme Court (SC) of the Philippines approved the creation of 117 environmental Courts, or "green Courts" The SC has designated 45 lower Courts as Forestry Courts and 48 First Level Courts and 24 Second Level Trial Courts to handle all kinds of environmental cases including violations of RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654 (Fisheries Code) and RA 7586 or NIPAS Act of 1992.122 On April 13, 2010, the SC promulgated the Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases.m lbcse are aimed to protect the people's constirutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology. lbe Rules, which took effect on April 29, 2010, govern rhe procedure in civi~ criminal and special civil actions involving enforcement or violations of environmental laws, RA 9147 or Wildlife Act included. To disseminate information about the Rules, the Philippine Judicial Academy (PhilJA), which is the training arm of the judiciary, conducted multi-sectoral training acri,ities on basic environmental laws and the Rules of Procedure for Endronmental Cases. PhilJA, with support of partners, was able to cover all the regions of the country. These Rules were successfully applied in the case of 13 Vietnamese poachers that were caught on August 10, 2010 with the remains of 101 endangered Hawkbill turtles near El Nido, Palawan. "!be poachers later sentenced to jail time and fines by the Puerto Princcsa's Regional Trial Court Branch 50.124 Also, on November 24, 2014, a Philippine Court fined nine Chinese fishermen in the amount of US Dollars (USD) 102,000.00 each for poaching hundreds of sea tunics in the disputed shoal in the South China Sea.1 ~ 5.2.4. Comctional Pillar lbc corrections pillar undertakes rcfonnation and rehabilitation of offenders for their eventual absorption into the social and economic streams of the community, through institutional or community-based programs. The Bureau of Corrections and Provincial Jails arc responsible for the treatment and rehabilitation of national prisoners. ·Ibere is little information about the participation of this pillar in addressing wildlife crime. ·!be survey conducted by the B!\-fB did not reach the duly mandated agency under this pillar as the survey ·was limited to agencies that have been able to participate in the five batches of Training of Trainers on the Application of \"\'ildlifc Law Enforcement Manual of Operations. This pillar remains unexplored but has the potential to positively contribute in the fight against wildlife crime. 121 Survc,y on W,IJbfo I .n,· EnforcffllCnt by nioJn·cnny MaNi,'('ffi('fll Bun,au, ~lt"fN>tt-~o,·fflllx-r, 2016 mxhtd :u . ncx I . 122 "SC Crc-:a!N 117 'Grtcn Coutts' 10 .-\c1 on Ennronmmul t:a.n " G~I.\ 1'<'11'1 Onl111e. publ,.lv:J J>nlW)' 13, 2IJOK, <,,-..·.gmancN.,rk.com>, ~ 20, 2016). 123 .-\bigaal T. Tzc-. "S<: Urm:11< l..indnwlt Ruin of Proc,-.!ur<· for Ennronnrntal C.:ucs.'" .\pnl 14, 3>10, <http://Jqudicwt.~l\·.ph>, (December 20, 2016). 124 HFilipino Govcrnmcn1 Cr.ad,, [>,,.,..., on :X• Turd.- l'oachcn;· WWI' (;k,bil .-\Ul{USI IO. 21:110, <,.,.·f.p.anda.org>. (Dt-cembc,r :?ll, 2':>16). l2S Manuel Moga10, "Ph,bppmcs hnc• C:h10Nc- h,hnmm Slo2.(KU c-ach for Po.1ehtni:," Wui'ld News, Nm·nnbrr 24, :?OU. <,.,-,.•.rn.11=.com >, (lk-ccrnbrr :?,J, 21116 35 State of W'ildlife En rcement in the Philippines 5.2.5. CommNni!J Pillar (fac11sin ... ~ 011 the /£Us) The o,·cr-cxploitanon of natural rcsn11rn:s and destruction of wildlife shQuld be a basic concern for everybody. En\'ironmental awareness tostl'rs a "l'nse of connection to th~ natural world, encourages conservation of irreplaceable narural m-ourccs and vulnerable plant and l species and promotes sustainable development. Through a p<.:rsist<:nt campaign for the consc,. on of endangered species, c1tizens arc adopbng more responsible environmental attitudes. For example, on April 6, 2016, a resident of La Union reponcd the presenc of a 120-kg sea turtle to the Local Chief Executive for proper carc.126 In June 2011, the Pasay City of c raided a pct shop selling vulnerable species such as p1geom, tarantulas, nng-neck doves and several reptiles. 127 On August 10, 2015, because of the concern anJ support of the public through social media, a six-foot long rurtlc tied to a bamboo pole m Marabut, Samar was immediately released back to the sea with the help the DENR.1 :?8 In Pasay City, on March 7, 2015, residents rumed over an anteater to DENR for proper disposition. t:!'i LGl;s share the responsibility in the enforcement of environmental laws through educating the community and various establishments on th(· protection of wildlife and their habitats. The Marine Turtle Sanctuary in Matina Aplav,. Davao City, also known as the Pawikan Sanctuary, 1s part of a 37-hectare Marine Protected Area (MPA) that was established through Council Resolution No. 0250403, declaring the area as a nesting ground for Hawksbill Turtles. The sanctuary engages in the recovery, tagging, and rescue of illegally captured and detained marine turtles. [Credits: DLPC; Source: https://www.focebook.com/ecotourismdovoo) Palawan, for instance, is known all ovc:r the world as the Philippine's last ecological frontier. Thus, the province implements strict adherence to wildlife protection and cons rvation. On June 17, 2015, a member of the Palawan Prm·incial Law Enforcement Task Force re overed inside the Kaliksi Island Resort, 413 hatchlings and 112 juvenile turtles.1:,o In October 20 , hundreds of rare turtles were confiscated with the active participation of the Task Force. 131 In cli, LGU and stakeholders began to support conservation efforts to discourage overfishing of reef h in the area.m As a result, the local catch improved to meet the needs of the settlers. In Da,·ao City, Council Resolution No. 0250403 established a Pawikan~nctuary in Marina :\playa to serve as a nesting ground for hawksbill turtles. 'lbe sanctuary engages in recovering, tagging, and rescue of illegally captured and detained marine turtles. The sanctuary ges the hatchery which 1 :?6 E.-.in Bdco, "F.nd..,,., -.:rcJ :-ca Tunk Rc..:uc<l on J..1 l'ruo :--1,,rthbounJ l'h,~pp1ncs :-;.,,.-. Onbnc, hbruaty ◄. 21>1<•. <northbounda.is.com>. (December 20, 2016) 127 .\tom , ullo, ''l'.u~, Pel ~how Sdilng Excmc Wildlife Raxlcd," :m • . . -· N~·•• urJ~tcd June 23. 2011. "'n<'ll.,..abHbncom>. {l>«nnbcr 20,2016). :::!:r:~:::.:::·~:::-:...s::-.::.::::::~~:.:1::~> ·-· ,, ( ',U lxnnu Carnmo. "Authontl("j ~ Sc-a Tuttb &om PA ik'4,rt," Phils1:ar G updated Juoc 17. 201s. <,.,.,. phlbtar.com>, (l>cccmbcr 21, 2016). I 'I Keath Anthonv $. l·wm, "llundreda of lure l"urtk-• Reon·rnd l'sbwan;· (]l;N P · · • October 20, ~•1S, <cnnpluhpp,nt-• ,,:n,>. {ll«nnh.-r 21. 2016). 1.,2 DJ Y~p. wftjhc-t l'olk Key 10 ~bnnc: C..onten-aiion-WWI'." l'lubpp,nc l),uly lnqwrer, .\~ 17. 2013, <globaln.mon mqwrcr.nct>, {l>ccembcr 21. 201<,) State of Wtldlife Enforcement in the Philippines yields 93 percent hatchlings.°' The local government of Davao also created a Marine Turtle Protection and Conservation Task Force through Executive Order No. 29-2003. In Morong, Rizal, the Morong Pawikan Centre is also promoted as a national effort to protect the species. In fact, for five months starting October of each year, local fishermen and farmers dig the turtles' eggs and bury them in a guarded artificial hatchery to protect them from poachers.0 ~ 5.3 Results and Outputs of Policies Activities Programs and The result of the policies, programs and activities described in Section 3.2 could have been more comprehensive and more relevant if we have infonnation pertinent to the following: For Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs): ✓ No. of cases investigated ✓ No. of operations conducted ✓ No. of wildlife specimens confiscated ✓ No. of persons arrested ✓ No. of cases filed before the Office of the Prosecutor ✓ No. of cases filed before the Ombudsman For Prosecution: ✓ No. of information filed with the Court ✓ No. of cases successfully prosecuted ✓ No. of persons made respondent ✓ No. of persons successfully prosecuted and convicted For Courts: ✓ No of cases resolved ✓ Amonnt of fines imposed ✓ No. of persons com'icted/imprisoned These indicators would enable policy and decision makers to assess whether the \'\'LE interventions are effective, whether the law enforcers arc fully knowledgeable and equipped, and whether the law enforcers are proactive or responsive, among others. The number of cases investigated is an indicator of how responsive an investigating agency is at handling reported cases. As the citizens become better informed about wildlife crimes, community reporting would likely improve, thereby, yielding more actionable information for law enforcers to investigate. \Vith more timdy law enforcement operations being conducted, law enforcement visibility in the area would impro,·e towards crime prevention. It is thus hoped that a system will be developed where DENR can get information on the above from all concerned LEAs. I n-runlc Sancnwy in Punta l>u~" O(f,c,;il \l'cb:111c of lh,·ao C.ity,July 2,1. 2011, <•-cbochq.,~"->i:kuKn:•,ntcn1.com>, (Dc«mbc-r 21. 21)16). 1\.4 "J'unl,,s' \'ulncobk Srut !n IJf< on Ph,J,rt''"" Cout," l'ebnury 211, 2016, <,-..,·.bmlb>n.com>, (Dcccmlxr 21. 21116). 37 State of W'ildlife Enfi rcement in the Philippines In the mcannmc, based on the records held by BMB, there is inf. tion on the number of confiscaoon, made, the number of wildlife confiscated and the agenci and partners involved in .;uch conft,;car1ons, as well as the number of cases filed and decided n by the Court. Records ,how that most of the confiscations were done through a multi-age; cy collaboration. Table 7 provides a summan· of I .EAs and parmers i.nvoh·cd in wildlife confiscati s and the number of their uwolvcmcnt Tabk 7. Summaey of law enforcemcnr agencies aod partnen involved Table 7. Summa')' of l.&w enforcemenc .&geodes .&nd p.&ttncrs im·oh·ed 10 , ,;ldlifc config<·ations and number of im·oh·ement Number of Asttadu/ Office• involve !! Involvement DE:--:R RcR1onal/F1d<l ( Hriu:s 11)3 P!'-:P $4 ~ h DEr--:R POGI/B~IB ~Bl 46 LGt:s 18 PCSDS ?6 PCG 16 BOC r; D:\-BF:\R {, Banta\ D:11rat 5 Ci,·il Soactv ( )rv.1.ruzat10n , 5 PP:\ 5 Enforcement Volumccrs 4 pr,; 3 EI Nido Environmcnt.11 I.aw Enforcement Team/Council 3 \FP rz DOTr- Offx:c of Transportation Sccunt\ ., FEDEX C:\RG< > 2 DA-BAI 1 DENR Task Force Kalilman 1 Environmental Law Enforcement Tuk l·orce 1 = ~ - - -. lndi2cnous People (IP) 1 Philippine :'\.fuincs 1 PhilPost ,t Thai .-\inwvs 1 ~:DENR-BMB 38 State of \X'ildlifc Enforcement in the Philippines Records further show that LEAs and panncrs have made a total of 232 confiscations from 2010 to 2018. Out of these confiscations, 123 complaints/cases were filed with only twenty-five resolved in Court during the said period. These data arc presented in Figure 1 below. Figutt '250 • , 200 150 100 . so 0 l Total number or confiscations Criminal complaints/cases filed in Court Cases resolved be total number of con.ft1cadom o£illcgally-tnclcd "ildlife, the oumber or cuee flied iill Cowt and the number of complaints/ cues resolved from 2010 to 2018. Figure 2 shows the taxa and percentage number of wildlife confiscated. Majority of the confiscated illegally traded wildlife are reptiles, followed by birds and mammals. From 2010 to 2018, a total of 20,624 specimens of reptiles were confiscated, 90.53 percent of which consisted of rurtlcs and tortoises (Order Tcstudincs). Majority of the confiscated turtle specimens were eggs (9,310 pieces). Flora, 2.85% Amphibian, 0.35% CaveReso Derivative/by­ product, 1.44% II Reptile Iii Mammal Iii Bird ■ Arthropod ■ Flora ■ Amphibian ■ Cave Resource ■ Derivative/by-product 39 Sr.ate of \X'ildlife Enf rcement in the Philippines Soun.Y: DENR-BMB Figure 2. Proportion of major l.&Xa in illegally-traded wildlife confiscalions from 2010 lo 2018. 411 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines Figure 3 shows the nwnbcr of illegally traded wildlife for each taxon that were confiscated from 2010 to 2018. Elc,·atcd figures for 2013 are due mainly to the 9,228 marine turtle eggs which were confiscated from Malaysian fishennen in Palawan in November that year. All the eggs were rendered umiable. In 2015, 4,402 heads of freshwater tunles were seized in a warehouse in Palawan, of which 322 were alreadr dead. !\-lajority of the surviving turtles were released back to their natural habitats in Nonhcm Palawan. 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1J I I 2010 2011 ■ Reptile ■ Arthropod ■ • 2012 ■ Cave Resource Sourix: Dl:.'NR-BMB I. I 1. • .I 2013 2014 2015 2016 ■ Mammal ■ Bird ■ Flora ■ Derivative/By-product ■ Amphibian I I 2017 Figurt' 3. Number of confiscated wildlife per taxon from 2010 to 2018. 2018 On arthropods, about 3,712 assorted butterfly species (Order upidoptrra) were confiscated in Coron Airport in Palawan in 2010. In the same year, twcl,·e (12) more butterflies were confiscated, as well as twenty-two (22) tarantulas (Family Thrrapholidar) and three (3) scorpions (Order S(orpionn). In 2015, 2 spiders, 644 scorpions, and 1,582 tarantulas were also confiscated. 5.4. Partnerships and Collaboration In the Philippines, the institutional mechanism for coordination of environmental law enforcement m general, and wildlife law enforcement, 111 particular, is the National Em-ironmental Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee Subcommittee on Environment and Natural Resources (NALECC-SCENR). Executive Order No. 829 dated September 11, 1982 as amended by EO No. 41 dated 19 December 1992, created the NALECC to serve as the \'enue for the coordination of all law enforcement acth·iries of ,·arious government agencies. 41 State of Wildlife Enf rcement in the Philippines Section 3 of l\Wacanang Administrative.: Order 219' provides that the N shall enhance the coordi112tion and cooperation of all LEAs at the ope, and \'igorous interaction through the NALECC forum. The Chair shall the NALECC coordinanon and cooperation for better day-to-day ope implementing agencies. ECC Chair (Chief PNP) tional level by interactive opt measures to improve tional coordination of the Ibc NALECC has subcommittees and the SCENR is chaired by the D NR Secretary, assisted by the . \ssistant Secretary for Field Operations as alternate permanent repres tative. The objecth-c of N.-\1.ECC-SCENR for which this committee: was es realized. This can be attributed to several factors, such as the: reprcscntanons and altcnutes to the committee resulting in difficulty getting appropriate actions for issues raised in the prC\ious meetings; 2) part of the LEAs on the real purpose of the NALECC-SCENR; 3) lack o 4) lack of priority and support for \VLE. Attendance and representation t depending on a,-ailabilit)· and not on positions or designations in the mechanism is observed to be weak, hence, law enforcement issues l'alS, communicated in a speedy manner and could not therefore be imme proper offices. lishcd has not been fully absence of permanent ensuring continuity and ck of appreciation on the feedback mechanism; and the regular meetings vary nizarion. The feedback in the meetings are not tcly acted upon by the However, in terms of ensuring gmcral coordination among LEAs, the Nt\LECC-SCENR has been effective. An example of this is the regular conduct of the environmental law enforcement summits, where multi-year action plans geared towards strengthening em-ironmcntal law enforcement in the country are formulated and endorsed to agencies concerned for impleme rion. ·Ibe creation of inter-agency and multi-sectoral task forces coordinanon mechanisms, as sho\\,n by the performance of PO I. However, to ensure sustainability, they must be supported by a robust secretariat and enforc ment staff, and lodged in the appropriate offices of the I .I ~.\s. "Ibe Philippines has established partncn;hip, with foreign agencies, address issues related to illegal wildlifr· activities and enforcem<:nt. ·1bcse Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbcit (GIZ)-Sulu-Sulaw Department of the lntcrior-lntcmational Technical Assistance P l'nited States .\gency for International Dc\'elopm<:nt (USAID)-Protect 5.5. Findings and Observations ough special projects, to gcncies include Deutsche Seascape Project; US (l:SDOI-ITAP); and, dlife Project. Based on the above, the following arc some of the findings and obscrvati ns on the state of wildlife law enforcement in the Philippines: Almost all the conccmnl LE.As have interventions on wilclli law enforcement. 1bcsc 1ntc~•cnno~s arc in nrious forms from development o f ~l~~~nt.ing guidelines and policies, to 1mplcmenung a program and undertaking speofic uvmcs. "' Dell~atint t~ F unctiOns, Powen and Jurtsdlction ot the PrHklentlJI Anti-Crime Com rm"'°', the NatiOnal Peace and Ord1tt Council. t~ National uw £nforcement Coonhtlltlne Council and their tmplemenllng ~s 42 State of Wildlife Enforcement in the Philippines 2. ·1ne interventions employ the utilization of both soft and hard approaches to wildlife law enforcement. The soft approaches consist of IEC activities for the LGUs, communities and the schools, both elementary and high school. 'The hard approaches consist of: a) capacity building on law enforcement, in terms of enhancing knowledge and skills, increasing manpower and increasing necessary tools, equipment and gadgets; and, b) engagement in actual law enforcement operations. 3 The survey results did not indicate any intervention that addresses the need for livelihood opportunities for communities that arc involved in illegal wildlife activities. However, this must be validated through further research. Nevertheless, the DENR has initiated the development of biodiversity-friendly enterprises as part of its conservation and development programs for local communities. Similar efforts are already underway W1der the USAID-Protect Wildlife Project in the Philippines. 4. There is limited available and accessible information on the results of the interventions except for three indicators: the nwnbcr of confiscations, nwnbcr of wildlife confiscated, and nwnbcr of cases filed and resolved in Court. Baseline data is also lacking. Because of these, the information is insufficient for a proper evaluation of the effectiveness of the interventions. However, this has to be validated through further research. 5 On the number of confiscations vis-a-vis the number of complaints/ cases filed, data from the BMB show that there were 206 confiscations from 2010 to 2017. However, out of 206, only 106 criminal complaints/cases were filed in Court. Some of the cases that did not p1ogn.:.s may have been due to abandonment of contraband, but there is reason to believe that some cases may have been dismissed outright by the Prosecutor's office for failure to show probable cause. This is an interesting matter which the law enforcement community must funher look into so that proper mechanisms can be put in place to address the same. 6. On the nwnber of cases filed in Court vis­ a-vis the number of cases resolved, the BMB data show that out of 106 cases filed from 2010 to 2017, only sixteen (16) cases were resolved. However, there is a high probability that several other cases have been resoh-c<l by the Court but were not 43 7 State of Wildlife Enf. rcement in the Philippines included in this analysis 1n the absence of progress reports Field Offices and other C< 1nccmed parties. Nevcnheless, matter dut should be looked into, especially with regard to monitoring. On the wildlife taxa that Wl'rc confiscated, reptiles top the may be interpreted to mc:ltl that demand for these wildli species can be easily capnm:d from their natural habitat. continue to strengthen their capacicy by further training, rec through shared resource:-. intdtig('IKC information, and da sources, transit routes, :rnd destinations. m the DENR Regional · s is another interesting orting system and case t, followed by birds. This species is high or these · ther way, LEAs should nncnr, and collaboration ga thcring to detcnnine \'i'ildlifc Law Enforcement :\ction Plan (W'ildLEAP) 2018-2028 Part 11 WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTION PLAN (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 · I ·I Wildlife Law Enforcement Action~ (Wild.LEAP) 2018-2028 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Framework and Process The \'\'ikllill- Law Ent, •rcrnwnt :\ction Plan (\VildLE.-\P) 201 supplements Republic \d 91-P or the Philippines Wildlife R. Protection .\ct, RepuhlH .\ct 7586 or the National Integrate (NIP.\S) Act, and otlwr rdcvant laws and policies that provide programs, plans, and :icm ttics to consen•c and protect wildlife s­ sustainability, as well a~ .1ddrcss wildlife crimes and wildlife law e 2028 complements and urces Conservation and Protected :\reas System c legal basis for policies, cies and their habitats for orcemcnt. WildLEAP is aligned and consistent \\ith the Philippine Biodi rsity Strategy and Action Plan (PBS.-\P) 2015-2028, which, under .-\rticle 6 of the Conven non Biological Diversity (CBD) is the pnncipal instrument for implementing the Conve non at the national level, particularly, the commitment to implement the CBD Stratc.-gic Ian for Biodiversity 2011 2020, including the 20-point .-\ichi Biodiwrsity Targets. Th PBSAP is the country's roadmap to consen·e biodiversity and achieve its vision that "{b) Iv 2028. biodiPmity is mtorrd and rrhabilitaltd. l'tl!utd, tjftdiw!J· managed and s,amd, mainltlining t(()q#~III sm,i,u lo s11stain he,1/tltf• militnl Filipmo mm11111n1tits and dtliwring btn~/ils lo all " ' lbc PBS.-\P identified 6\·c major dri\·crs of biodiversity loss, mclv: habitat loss and degradation, pollution, climate change, oYcrcxploitation, and in siYe alien species. The unsustainable production, consumption, and overexploitation of wildlife species for trade (particularly illegal) and domestic use han· contributed to habitat oss and <.it-gradation, and reduction in species populations 1 The PBSAP also identified direct, as well as enabling or support rogram inten·cncions to meet its overall goal of imprm·cd human well-being. Am ng the direct program interventions 1s strengthening law enforcement, which actions, when implemented, can result to significant reduction, control, and management of direct pressures on biodiversity (e.g. illegal wildlife trade), as well as physical changes in protect d areas, key biodiversity areas, and critical habitats. Enabling or support program intc- ntions help amplify the impacts of direct program i.nten·entions, hence, contributing the attainment of the overall goal. Figure 4 shows the PBS.-\P framework with its dircc and enabling or support program int<.·n·cntions.: 1.2 Objective l11c \\"tldl.J" \J> \\",IS developed primarily to combat illegal acpvitics involving wildlife, pamcubrl~ rhosl· species under the jurisdiction of the DEfR- It supports and l'li.' \I' .).)1~2028 2 /•!&\ft 3S. PBSAP 201S.2tH8 45 Wildlife Law nforccment Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 complements actions under the direct program intervention on strengthening law enforcement envisioned under the PBSAP. It is also meant to identify and prioritize enforcement activities, and serve as a guide for fund sourcing, resource allocation, and eYaluation of the impacts of enforcement work m th count~· Human well-being t.trget . ... Ecosystem services provided Avooanct' °' IWIUIM d,~n. , ..... igMfWICflfl\llllC-.cl (RIMlll7,l.19.20I ~Ml'llkfl (lllsul7,19,20t • r ul'lwood ,ourrt'd from ,u,t,11n..bl4'. -ou,c,., (R~ult 10) f nl'ICJY producllon "nd mrnmq ,n KBA, r"9ul.01Nt (Rf'\ult 10. Pollution , onuoll,-J :R,-sult t 01 Results related to addressing drivers ~lllMtnrr,-sn.,rX11Vprac11( ~•~d(A~sult Ill l~rm~nto# c.ivf'\ (R«-sult 161 SiOdt'tNSltV coow"'alion 1n1rq1J1..,j m (lUP, IRMuh 131 l Communlca ~ E~ Mid l'llbllC A--,., 46 . l A Wildlife Law Enforcement Action P (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Tht \\ 1ldl I \P ,l t' r•w vts1on, expected outcomes, key a VlOes, outputs/indicators, impk mc11t1T1g n1t1ttl '. 11d timelincs under each of the seven strategics for wildlife law cnforn·1rn m. \\ btt ll , r distinct yet mutually reinforcing. ch strategy supports the atta11111w11t , ,t rl1l \ 1,1 ,n ,· wildlife law enforcement in the couni 1 3 Methodology In developing \\'ikll.l· .. \P, several approaches and mctho logics were used. 'Iltc participation of stakd10ldcr groups from national and local governments, busmess, ci\·il society org.mizations, academic and research institutions was likewtsc sought in its various stages of development. National data related to wildlife law enforcement held b,· the Department of Em·ironmcnt and Natural Resources Uiodtn·rsiry Management Bureau (Dl~NR-BMB) were re,;ewcd and analyzed accordingly. In addition, a sun•cy of Counter Wildlife Trafficking (CWI) I ntervcntions in the Philippine:- was conducted using a form adopted from the L' nited States Dcpamnent of the Interior (001)-lntemarional Technical Assistance Program (ITAP) survey of CWf interventions m Southeast :\sia (Annex 1). 'Inc DENR-BMB distributed survey forms and gathered the completed forms from the Regional Offices of the DENR, the Philippine National Police (PNP), Department of Justice National Prosecution Service (DOJ-NPS), National llurcau of Investigation (NBI), Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILJA), Department of Finance Bureau of Philippine Biod,versity Strategy and Action Plan 2015-2028 The Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAPl 2015-2028 is the country's roadmap to conserve biodiversity and achieve Its vis,on that *(By 2028, biodiversity is restored and rehabilitated. valued, effectively managed and secured. malntoinifl{I ecosystem services ro sustain healthy, resilient FlltpJno communities and deliverit,g benefits to all.· Customs (DOF-BOC), Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), Philipp· e Na\-y (PN), and otht·r relevant offices. '[be survey, howc\'er, was limited to tho:-c whop "cipated in the si..x annual (2011-2016) Training of Trainers on the .\pplication of the .tldlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations of the DENR-BMB. 47 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\"\'ildLEAP) 2018-2028 Several small group meetings were held with key enforcement agencies and partners to discuss, level off, and agree on the \'(!ildLEAP outline and content, including the design of the multi-stakeholder consultation/workshop. The multi-stakeholder consultation/workshop was held on November 24, 2016 at the Ritz Hotel at Garden Oases in Davao City immediately after the First National Wtldlife Law Enforcement (\VLE) Summit held on November 22-23, 2016 at the same venue. It was attended by over 100 participants of previous Training of Trainers, including: DENR personnel involved in WLE and related activities, such as the respective Chiefs of the Enforcement, Conservation and Development, and Licenses, Patents and Deeds Divisions; members of the Philippine Operations Group on Ivory and Illegal Wildlife Trade (POGI); officials from the BOC, DOJ-City/National Prosecution Offices, NBI, PCG, PN, Philippine Ports Authority (PPA), PNP, Philippine Center for Transnational Crime (PCTC), PCSD; and representatives from the local govemment units (LGUs) of the Cities of Zamboanga, Quezon, Davao, Pasay and Calapan, as well as Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). The output of the National \VLE Swnmit served as input to the draft Wild.LEAP. The summit participants shared their experiences, lessons learned, and challenges on \VLE, provided information on recent dc\'clopmcnts, including programs/projects/activities on \X1JE at the international, regional, national and local levels, and gave recommendations to address issues and challenges, as well as strengthen \~'LE in the country. Three workshop sessions during the national consultation were conducted to achieve specific objectives vital to the development of the \VildLEAP, specifically: 1) Identifying SWOT - to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats relevant to \VLE; 48 .. J Wildlife Law Enforcement :\ction P n (\VildLEAP) 2018·2028 2) Visioning to agree on a v1s1on for WLE in the Philip ~'ild.LE:\P 2018.2028, and, 3) Formulating Strategies• to identify interventions through (P /P /.\), targets, indicators, time frame, and lead institutions. "lbe participants were grouped into four geographic areas: 1) (NCR); 2) Luzon; 3) Visayas; and, 4) Mindanao. The workshop facilitator and documenters, as well as a rapporteur chosen from who reported the results in plenary. lf/orkshop 011tp"I • ldtnlifying StmwthJ, lVia.kntJJts, Opporflmilirs. and Thrrals (.Hf/OT) es that would guide the grams/ projects/ activities e National Capital Region ups were provided with a ong the group members, In identifying the SWOT, preparatory work was done using fonnation gathered from archival research, desktop review, meetings, and official reco from the DENR-nMB. This was supplemented by inputs from the presentations and ults of Workshop 1 (Best Practices and Lessons Learned on \XLE) and \'forkshop 2 (Enforcement Issues and Proposed Solutions) of the First National \\LE Swnmi and the results of the consultation specifically focused on the \X'LE SWOT conduct d during the workshop on the Wildl.E:\P. Table 8 shows d1c consoltdated SWOT generated from doc workshops. • l 'uioning ·1be \'is1on Statement was crafted through a process that s words and phrases to describe a ,·ision for \\l .E. ·1bese subsequently developed into several ,ision statt·mcnts, f statement was adopted. • Formnlatin.e, Straltgiu ntary reviews and group ed with idcnrif)ing key words and phrases were rn which a final ,·ision In formulating strategics, preparatory work was done using fonnation gathered from archival research, desktop reviews, meetings with and official records from the DENR­ BMB, and the direct program intervention on strengthening la enforcement identified in me PBS:\P. "Ibis was supplemented by inputs from the p ·pants of me 1'1 National \X'ildlife Law Enforcement Summit held on November 22· • 2016. Seven strategics were pre-identified and validated as critical components of ildLE.:\P 2018-2028, such as. Stratcro 1- Policy development Stratcro· 2 Networking and Coordination Stratcro· J- Capacity Buildi.n~ Stratero 4- Communication, Education and Public :\warcness EP:\) Strarcro· 5- lmpro\'mg Governance, Curbing Corruption 49 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 Strategy 6- Mobilization of Resources Strategy 7- Reporting, Monitoring and Evaluation For each strategy, programs/projects/activities and targets, indicators, rime frames and lead institutions were also identified. Conrnhanon 11.-urk~hop on the dc-,·c:lopmrnt of WilJI.E.\P hckl la~t 24 So,·cmbct 201 c, at R1r1 I lotc:I al Carden Oa~ 111 Da,';l.o C1ry 50 Wildlife I .aw Enforcement Action Plan (\Vildl.EAP) 2018-2028 2.0 WLE Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Table 8. Consolidated S\X'OT on w1IJlilc law cnforccnwnt. SttatC2'V PoliC\' dc\'clopmcnr . • . Strengths :\vailabilitJ of national • policies, standards and protocols (e.g. R:\ 914i, Wildlife Law Enforcement • Manual of Operations) :\ vailabilil)· of local policies and ordinances thar suppon 11.ildlife protection Use of P:\MB as plarfom1 for issuance of P.\ . Resolu,ions Es tablishmcnt of cntical habi1:m/ Protected :\reas . (P:\~) Weaknesses Need to rc\"icw current wildlife • policies, including R:\ 9147 (increuing penalties) :\bscnce of comprehensive • policy on fores,s, mcluding Forest I.and Use Planning (Fl.UP), w:uershed, National Grttrung Program (NGP) for habitat conscr\"ation Lack of local ordinances to complement/ supplement national b\1.-s .\pprt>\'al of local transport permit hy the Pmvincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PEr-:RO) per latest manual of approval cau~C!I • inconvenience to clients due to distance Lack of rcgubtion on use of wildlife as logos for commcrci.al products Lack of free legal assis1ance in StDtcgic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SL\PP) and other harassment cases ~nst • 51 Opportunities I ntcrcst groups who arc \\-illing • to lobh)' for 1hc amendments of R:\91,P Srrcngthcning of R:\9147 to m:andarc L to allocate a • substanllal amounl for wil<lhfe enforcement or prcvcnl\on programs Integration into National Urban Development and I lousing Fmncwork (NUDHF), LGU Comprehensive I.and Use Plan (Cl.VP)/ Comprchcnsi\"c Development Plan (CDP), ba1"2ngay program on health, environment, and women Formulation of local ordinances and strict implcmcmation b~· LGUs at communrty. harangay city/ rnumc1pal. :and provincial levcl5 Use of resources for trafficking and maritime sccuriry, narcotics and other priority concerns on wildlife law enforcement Threats Non-apprecianon of and prioritization by Congress to amend R:\ 9147 ~lcmoDndum of .\gTCcment (~IC l:\) Japan International Cooperation :\gcncy (I IC:\) installation of \"cl')· Small :\pcnure Tcmunal {\'S:\'l) s~·stcm Tradniooal Chinese Medicine . ..... Strategy Strengths Wilcllite Law 1-:ntorccmcnt .\cnon Plan (\X'iklLl· .. \P; 2018 2()28 • Weaknesses c.-n\'lrolllll(nhll b\l,· enforcer. . \bscncc of unrncdlarc legal ,1ssl.!llanu: Junng or right ftrr .1ppn-hcns1omhrv.urc oi \loddlifc \bscn,c ol pohc~ gu1Jdmcs t rcgubtr pct shop~ .\~cllL\ ', 1.,d, ol ,n1cm.al gu1dd.mt·s lor turn o\"cr .and disposal of confiscated convcyanccs and cqwpmcru 10 optimize economic value No law on destruction on government property Duplication and overlapping of agcnc:1CS' funcnone\ Confbcnng pobacs of DENR with the Dc.-pt. of :\gncultu.rr Bureau of Planr Jndum1· (D.\­ BPI) ml 1hc issuance of phy1osan11ary pcnni~ (Oora) and with D.-\ Bumm of : mul Industry (DA-BAI) on the issuance of ccrti6catcs (faWl.l) • No sc.-ntcncing guiddincs for judges 10 dctermmc fim-1unc from repeal offender.. Policies keep changing • Wildlife la\lo' enforcement nor included as :-.laJOr Final < 'lurpuc (:\IF()) of I.aw Enforccmcnl :\ encics .EA~ 52 ( C:-.f), <-onvcnuon on ln1cmat10nal ·1 ndc m Endangcrnl Species of Wild Hora .ind Fauna crrn·'.S) and :-iuhhc health b"J.-s R.iles oi c11~agcmcn1 <I'\ \bnumc L.1w Fnforccment ..11h111 •he Ph1hpp1nc \rt•;, of Rcspon,1h1ln,· Tappmg Sen. :\llgud Zub1t1 as champion Tundy sharing of information rcc.c:ivc:d from other National Central Bureaus (NCBs) / Interpol ro loner I.F.As modus operandi from other COWltncs. rn:nds and patterns StratC2V Networking and Coordinarion Strengths Srrong collabontion and/or • pannership between and among national and local enforcement agencies, J.GUs, other government • agenctes, Non-govemmcnl Organizations (NC,Os) and communities (through enforcement networks. • M< ).-\s, covenanrs, inter· agency task forces or reams, designation of focal pcrsons/contacr persons) Creation of inrcr-agcncy team 10 conduce asscssmcnr of darmgcs caused by ,·csscls/ ships Creation of commirtecs environmcnral within LGUs spccw for concerns Expansion of Regional Wildlife ~fonitoring Council (RWMq Membership from 10 to 20 members Multi-sectoral involvement of community volunteers for P.-\s, Task Forces, Green and Blue Brigades Regular conduct of summit of all LE.-\s, prosecutors and judges involved in WLE Faster information delivery Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 Weaknesses In some an:as, lack of civil • society (e.g. NGOs, People's ( )rganizarions (POs)) • panicipation in Task Forces In some areas, Regional Wildlife Monitoring Councib (RWMG) arc not activated In some areas, members of • LEAs arc uncooperative, lack interest to share infonnation and updares In some areas, • miscommunication/ coordination with other concerned agencies Creation of focal person and contacr numbers/ wildlife cenrer 53 ()pponunities Cmnion of :\dvisOI)' Council for wildlife law enforcement Lessons from MP,\ network system provide opponunity to improve coordinarion, work with LGUs, mobiliu funds and resources .·\cccss to US Fi.sh and Wildlife Services (USl:WS) with attaches from different regions around the world ;\ccess to Association of Southeast Asian Nations \Vildlifc Law Enforcement Network (:\SEAN-WEN} or its successor organization Threats \X'ddhtc Law Enforccmt·m .\ction Plan (\X'ildl.EAP) 2018-2028 Strategy C..apacity Building • • • • Stt~~ :\v:ulabiht\· of tr.uning • modules designed for all b·cl~ (commun11y/c1\,I soc1e1,· orgaruz;auons. cm·/ municipal. prm·mcial, rcgmnal) and across scctors lntegrauon of \t1.E m lugh school cwricuJa and m training modules (e.g. PNP­ lnvalig:alion Officer Buie • Coune/CtttifiabOn Program, PNP- Buie Reauitmcnt Counc and Senior/Junior Leadcnbip Conduct of National • Trsinor's Truung Availability of competent and trained trainon and expert (individuals, NG:\s/NG< .>s) Expcrtis<' and experience in • ~•ork related to environment, law enfon;cmcn1 Wealmesses .\bscncc of programmanc • tr:wung for profess.1onal development u1 DE:,..::R (esp. Jue to R,.noruhzauon Plan), other • I.E. \s, prosecutors .1n<l the Jt1ihc1.u,· (mdudu,g ,..-11dhft 1dennficanon, fo~m,cs. firurms handling and self-defense, case mndling. and WLE general) Need 10 bwld capacity of PENRO/City P.nvironmcnt and Natural Resources Office (CENRO), whose focus is on iDcga1 ioggang and ROI wildhfc Lack of logistJcs and mfrastructurc for BMB \X'tldhfc Rc~cue Ccntcr (\'<'RC). e.g. cagcs, tools, transponanon 1d commumcmon cqu1pmc:nt, internet) \Vcak mrclhg<'nn· g:uhcnng capability, e.g. absence of • community infomwits QN>ortunities .\ ·--· .. --- . -ppon • from t.:Sl·\X~ for mnovauon, development, ;mJ use Conunumg ~taster of Science • sn C.hmcal lnves11garmn (~[C.-.;[)coursc~ :and cxpan.\lon to .l terrc\tnal version, and other courses Deutsche Gesellscht.ft fur Internationale Zusammcnubcir GmbH (GIZ) training on aquatic wil llficaaon Tapping of rd.igious group•, NGO.. cause-oriented groups, and commurut1CS for pubhc ::ss wt .. · protection and conservation, including enforcement Tapping of Church and Pope Francis• cncvclical, "laudato ~i" Sharing of information 10 schools; culy mtroduction m schools Threats l'romotmn, transfer and/or reassignment of rr:uncd \X1. enforcers 11:ili-hcancd/ madcquatc interest of tr,unccs • .\vailablc tan for -1---------------t--- - =a-v=c--=~~-&-~---------+ mfonnabon 7 media for wildlife and wildlife compilation of spot reports, rebtcd advertisements mtelhgcnce rcpons, littoral obscrv21ion arcu for • 1"apping of Commission on maritime surveillance) Higher Education (Cl IED). Dept. of Education (DcpE<l), :i.nd academe m capacity hu1ldmg (including courses or additional units on wildlife and other cnforcement laws) • Community-based Intelligence Infonnation System (e.g. hotline with direct :i.ccess by communi~· informants to DEN R. 54 StratC2V Communication, Education and Public Awattness (CEPA) • Stten2tbs recruitment of Banngay Intelligence J\ietwork Availability of lnfonnation, • Education, and Communication (I Eq materials (e.g. coffee t2blc book, posters, bulletins, • shon videos) Use of tri-mcdia and social media for IEC (e.g. Kapiho11 Ja PIA, regular radio programs, audio visual displays at scapons and • aunorts, maJJs and DENR Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (Wild.LEAP) 2018-2028 Weaknesses :\bscnce of clc:i.r and effective IEC system and s1rategy (e.g. lack of IEC materials on WU~ in local languages) Lack of involvement of National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) in !EC on wildlife conservation (e.g. raising awareness on RA 9147 by indigenous peoples) :\bsencc or Jack of v2luation 55 • • • Opportunities Tapping of Technical Education and Skills Development :\uthoriry (IESD.\) for livelihood skills tnining Conduct of training on wildlife laws and other environmental concerns al the barangay level Availing of overseas training Development or inclusion of wildlife and other related laW$ as an elective course m Bachelor of Laws Building a strong relationship with the LGU to fund the dcnand-rcduction strategy for wildlife • Use of social media to inform the public of 1he imponance of 'J.-i.ldlifc pro1cction and management Threats Strategy Improving ~mance, Curbing u,rruption Strcngtb s offices, wildlife qwz bee) • Regular conduct of law mccungs for v.-ildhfc pcmut holders, ),(,l's, RcgK>nal I.aw Enforccmcnl C.omrmtten • Conduct of commurury uruncrs1on • lmplcmc.-ntallon o pl'OV1S1<>ns of R:\ 9147 r, WLE (e.g. Je51~auon or dcput:.mon of Wildlife Enforcement ( )ff,ccrs (WEOs), Deputl7.ro • Environment and Natunl Resources ( )fticen (DENR<>s), opcranonalizauon of Wildlife Tnffic ~fonitonng Cnits (\~~rMUs), creation • of task forces such as P< >GI) Prcsmcc of urut:s e.g. BoC- Enforcement and Sccunty • Services/ Environmc.-m Protecuon l'nn; :--;BJ EnVll'Onmcntal Crime • DMSion) • Use of tcchno~· and internal survc1llancc system to monitor and promote \X'ildlife Law Enforccmt.·nt .\crion Pbn (\X'ildl.EA P W caknesses sruct- for '11.-i!dlife (to highhght thw ,·aluc) Non-cmmon of plantilla • i,os1nons for WI.E.:\gfflcics. \X-T~lt.:~. legal off1ecn.. aupon/scapon personnel, and \'etennarv doc1on "Enforcers v.,1hou1 force" unarmed enforcers Polit1Cal interference, meddling. or lack of I.GU suppon Ill some areas Some LGU officl2ls and poliC}'· makers an: uwolved ID illegal wildlife trade ~­ deputation orders In some al'Clls, lack of mccnuve5/honorana/ hazard pay In some areas, lack of alternative livelihood 56 • ~nunities lssuanu of ordinance • declaring properties used a marketplace and stock room for wildlife as ''public nwsancc" ncentivcs/ promotions n,-olvcmcnt of ombudsnnn in ;apaaty bwkbng for DILG, LGUs stnc::e they have < >MBs • Envu-onmcntal Dwis1ons Tipping of F.nvironmr:ntal • < >mbudsman in \VI.E Tapping of ~y officials nationw,dc to further allcg21 wildlife trade Threats Change of ~tntion banngay and lcvcls) Change 111 adnurustrauon's pnonnes officials/ {at the natiorw Raoonali7.auon plan of government WLE IS low 1n pnonocs of national and local government~, tnc::ludmg LEAs politicians Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 SttatC2V Stten2tbs Weaknesses ()pponu.nitics Threats mmsparcncy and accountability, e.g. information systems, Closed-Circuit Tcle\'ision (CCn 1 in inspection areas, spy cameras, 1..-\\'VINForcst and Biodiversity Protection System, drones/unmanned aerial vehicles (U:\ \'s), digital evidence, bluctooth and \ViFi transfer • Provision of incentives (e.g . honoraru, allowance, health msurance, awards, and n:cognirion for mformants, partner agencies including NGOs . Promotion of transparency and accountability in governance practices (e-g. Citizen's Charter in WLE, client transactions inside offices only, companmcntalizing and limiting information IO a selected few, moral rcCO\'cl')' program) . Streamlining of operations (e.g. process, requirements, establishment of one-stop shop, aurotnauon of ncnnittinii: S\"Stem.~) Mobilizing • lntcgnti\·e approaches to • Lack of inno\'ativc approaches • Tapping assistance from . Reduction of fund Resources forest and wildlife protection lo resources mohiliz:uion USAID's Science, Tcchnolog}·. support from other through ccotourism . Ouid pro quo mcntalil\· for Research and Innovation for COWllJtc:S 57 Strategy wnh pm·au: of the Civil the J> u pplllC:s ( \ \I') ~d airline comparua Boracay flying fox &om bird strike Systan of counterpart and • sharing of rcsoun:cs from • putncr LGUs, LEAs, NGAs, and OGAs, as well u donor agcnacs, e.g. GIZ, Urutcd States Agency for • lntemaaonal Development (USAID) Establishment of fee and fund S)'$tems, e.g. in Protected Areas of Palawan, Integrated Protected • .\teas , Management Fund (WMF) • Introducnon and creation of livelihood programs (e.g. engaging former violators to become wardens or wildlife ~ - ~ -" >tcctors) Weaknesses m purposes mo, ormi; ~<jwpmt:111 \t. . camtr:lS, intelligence fund, uanspon) and pcnonncl to man seaports and aupom Low budget allocated to LP.As Late rdcAsc of budget • Dtfflculr and lengthy • procurement process Long Judicial process 58 Opponunitics for wuh l~uny Programs lx-pamncnt I I.\P) Tapputg amsrancc from GIZ PA, Beocbva-aty, and Reduce Enmuons from Dcforcsl:lltion and Forest Degncktion (REDD+) Projects T apptng assisl:lln« from Asian Development Bank Global Envuonmcnt faaliry lllcg:al Waldlifc Trade (GEF­ ADBIWI) Program: Greater W)·nncwood (GW) partnership Threats Straten Rcponing. ~loniroring, and Evaluarion • SttCD2ths System of targeting the next • lc\•cl culprits (people behind the operations) Availability of p:-,;p cybcrcrimc group for cyber­ pauolling Maintenance of database on apprehended, seized. confiscated forest products; conveyance and cases filed 1n coun Environmental Enforcement violators againsr Law (EI.E) Availability of tools (e.g. use: of Management Effectiveness :\ssessmcnr, digital evidence (photo) preservation) • Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Weaknesses U0\s in distant locations able to operate without bemg monitored In some areas, non-submission or Luc submission of rq,ons or replies 10 memos Accomplishment 1n tenns of wildlife enforcement is not pan of an agency's Major Final Output (MFO) Ladt of infonn2tion s~·stems (e.g. for monitoring of apprehended and confiscated products, srarus of cases filed in coun) Too many fonns to accomplish and fill up (apprehension and tum over) Lack of dircctOI")" of focal persons and wildlife cemcrs, and corresponding contact numbers 59 Opportunities Threal8 Hacking of infonnation systems Monopoly providers companies of ServlCC telephone 60 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\X'ildLEAP) 2018-2028 3.0 WLE Strategic Agenda 3.1 Vision The vision of\VildLEAP 2018-2028 is: "B y 2028, Wt hatJt a proadiw, romp,11111, t.ffediw, a11d tj/irit11I wild/ijt In, 1nfarm11111I 111hwrlt. a11d 1111powmd 11aktho/Jm that prolttl and a>IIJtM wildlife mo11rns far s11slai11ablt dtwlop,,,tnt. " 3.2 Strategic Priorities and Interventions Six strategics were identified and validated as critical components of WildLEAP 2018-2028. The objectives and planned interventions under each strategy were also identified :ind hereby presented, as follows: Strategy l(S1): Policy and System Development Ol!facliw (Obj): Po/kits. s ys/11111, a11d tools in s11pport of W1..E art in pla« through /ht pmtiapolio11 of nkNnl agtnriu and slaktholdm. Pla1111td I 11/trvtntions-. 1. Generation of scientific information and data to better understand status of illegal wildlife trade in the country; 2. Development of standards on wildlife resource valuation in support of WLE; 3. Strengthening and harmonization of policies and processes on \'('LE (to include incentive mechanisms, \VEO deputation, adoption of local flagship species, etc.); 4. Development of clectronic-pcnnitting systems for wildlife species; 5. Updating/ enhancement of protocols for enforcement of wildlife laws, including forensic specimen collection protocol; and, 6. Development/ updating/ eruunccmcnt of wildlife mamgcmcnt infonna tion systems 61 WilcDifc Law Enforcement Action P (Wild.LEAP) 2018-2028 S2: Networking and Coordination Obj- To s1Tr11gthtn 11111lti-a§,uy nt/JPOrk.r ,,nd aJl/t1horation in wildlf{t law mfam 111 al all ltittls. />lanntd lnlm'tnlions: Establi. ... hmcnr of mter-agcncy wildlife law <.-nforcemcnr group at the regional and local levels (prm·incial, municipal, city); 2 Creating venues for regular ~h:1ring of information including issues, best practices, and lessons learned on \'(1J•:; 3 Strengthening of collaboram·c mc:chanism with the pri\·atc sector in wildlife conscn·arion and protection; 4 Strengthening and continuous mobilization and operation of Philippine Operations Group on Irnry and Illegal \X'ildlifc Trade (POGI) and other similar intcr-agc:ncy bodies; 5 Operationalization of \X.ildlifc Traffic Monitoring t:nits in all major airports and seaports; 6 Coordtnanon and de,·dopmenr of mechanisms with private co. panics (e.g. airline, bus, shipping, cargo forwarders, transport network vehicle sen·icc, etc.) o combat illegal transport of wildlife; 7 Promotion of Philippines' efforts on \'Xl.E at the regional and international events and publicauons; 8 Conunuous comph:mcc to intcmational and regional commitments; nd, 9. Establishment of collaborative mechanism with neighboring AS: N countries on trans­ boundar\' \X LL concerns. S3: Capacity Building OhF To rlrrn..gthm lht filptldlies of rtkvanl §JWf'llllltnl 11nil1 al lht national and I« lnit/J a; 1J1tll as i-011i-,mtd ;taktholdm in lf1J :. Planned lnltnitnlions: I. De\'clopmcnt and institutionalization of a comprchcnsin.· progra tic capacity building on \'XlJ:., 2 Dc.·vclopmcm of academic courses or short-tem1 formal education p gram on \~1..E; 62 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 3. Implementation of basic tnuung programs, e.g. Training of Trainers (rOl) on \Vl..E, orientation-training on environmental laws for Prosecutors and Judges in all RTCs and l\ffCs, continuous mentoring and coaching of \VLE Officers, barangay-lcvel monitoring system, values orientation, etc.; and, 4. Implementation of specialized trauung sessions (e.g. wilcllife ID and handling, specimen collection and preservation for forensics, cyber-crimc investigation, intelligence-led law enforcement, controlled delivery, communication planning, etc.) 54: Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA) Obj: To inmast oworrnw of Vt1rio11s s/aluholdm on Philippint wildlift ond rrltrunl laws lo tffecl bthoviora/ ,hangt. P/anntd I 11/trvt11lio11s: 1. Assessment of the level of public awareness on Philippine wilcllife conservation and protection, and related laws; 2. Preparation of CEPA/ WLE communication plan with impact assessment tool; 3. Development, production and dissemination of CEP A materials; and, 4. Conduct of awareness campaign to educate communities and other stakeholders on the imponance of healthy, balanced, and productive ecosystems, increase chances of reporting illegal acti,ities, and reduce the incidence of wildlife crimes. SS: Improving Governance, Curbing Conuption Obj: To 111s11rr lra11sparr11I, ac(()1111lablt, and rrsponsibk law tlljom111t11I offeters 011d i11slil11lions Iha/ 11f1hold /ht mltoj/0111. Planntd I nltrvtnlions: 1. Establishment of feedback mechanism; 2. Mobilization and provision of support to wildlife-related bodies, e.g. National and Regional Wildlife Management Committees, Philippine Plants Conservation Committee (PPCC), Philippine Red List Committee (PRLC), etc.; and, 3. Management of confiscated wildlife. 63 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action P (\Vildl.EAP) 2018-2028 S6: Reporting, Monitoring and Evaluation Oi!J: To bt ablt lo assm lht impa.ts, ~Jin, thr nud1u111JnJJ and monitor implt111t1t lion sla/11s ef lVi/dLF..AP Pla11ntd I 1tltrVt1tlion,: 1 Monitoring compliance to reporting requirements; 2. Conduct of impact assessment of \XLE cffons vis-a-vis implemc~ation of the \'\'ildLE:\P at regular interval (c\'cry 3 years); 3. Development of mechanisms for monitoring of status of wild.Ii{ related cases at DOJ and Judiciary /Supreme Court, as appropriate; and. 4 Promotion of publlc participation in monitoring and reporting wil~fe crimes. 3.3 Action Plan The . \ction Plan for each strategic pnonty and imen·emion that timeframe1, and responsible agcncy/ics are presented in succeediQ indudmg the cost of implementing the WildLE.-\P. The total cost of implementing the \X'ildLE.-\P from 2019-2028 is e ·inc largest cost was estimated for the strategy that will ensure tra responsible law enforcement officers and institutions that uphold the 1 Shon Tenn 2019-2020. \tedium Tenn 2021-:?024: Long-term 202S-2028 64 dudes targets, indicators, pages of this document tcd to PhP4.9 billion. parent, accountable, and of law. Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WaldLEAP) 2018-2028 ACTION PLAN Strategy 1. Policy and System Development Objulitv: Poli.its, [f Slt111s, ,ind 100/.r in mpport ~( lr'1 / :" arr ;,, plua Jhr01~~1, tht p,1rticip,11io11 ~/ rrlmml t1gtndts 111,d s/ak.tboldm. Time Responsible Interventions Targets Indicators Frame Entity/ies s M L 1. Gcncra1ion of scientific 1.1 Rcsnrch on wildlife tnde, ,·alua1ion, I.I.I Nwnbcr of publications related to X DENR-BMB information and data 10 bcncr and la11.• enforcement conduc1ed wildlife trade, valuation, c1c. PCSD understand starus of illegal Concerned NGAs, in wildlife crade in the cotmcry. 1.2 lnven1ory of wildlife species m tndc: 1.2.1 Upda1cd lis1 of wildlife species in X coordination with the: and their associated habi1a1s trade academe 1.2.2 Baselines esr.blishcd X 1.3 Conduct of rcscan::h on acccssihilil)', 1.3.1 Information on the cx1cn1 of X affordability, and availability of online onlinc wildlife tndc: in the country 1rade of wildlife in suppon to POG I operation 2 Development of s1andatds on 2.1 I nvc:n1ory and rcv1cw of c:xis1ing tools 21.1 Compendium of eiusllng tool/s X DENR-BMB, wildlife ~ource valuation in on .resource valuation on resource valuation produced DOI-ITAP, suppon of WLE 2.2 Develop and pilot-test standard tool/s 2.2.l Guidelines on wildlife n:sou.rce X 1n coordination with on wildlife resource valwtion valuation adopted and ERDB, DENR Policy disscmin11cd and Planning Scr,icc, and the academe 2.3 User's fee system fully implemcnic:d 2.3.t Percentage UlCttaSC Ill revenues X X X DENR (B~m. Rcgtonal generated < >fficcs) in coord1J1ation with I.GU 3 Strengthening and 3.1 Review of policies including local 3.1.1 Compendium of cxis1ing policies X DENR, NALECC harmonization of policies and ordinances relevant to WLE to identify including local ordinances relevant SCENR, other NGAs, processes on WLE (to include conflicts and gaps toWLE USD<>I IT:\P, ADB incentive mechanisms, \VE(> 3.1.2 Rcpon on identified policy X GEF, USA ID-Protect deputation, adopt.ion of local conflicts and gaps produced and Wildlife Project flaeship species, etc.) disseminated 65 I nterventiom, \ d It I t\\ n ,rn11H1 t \ t1<111 Pi,111 \ d Targets I Jr~ r p< \ m <1 me ll o 1C p< ( dt re ,·el nl I Jr,I ~-•r Indicators Rule~ and Regula 10m (IRR) of &A 9147, ~ of plOpOICd local ordinmca. etc.) 3.3 Draft Exec:uuve Order creating a 3.3.1 EC l mdoned 10 ,he Prc-<~dc-~t national body dedicated to combatting wildlife crimes in the COUD Time Frame S M L X Responsible Entity/ies \' )I 01 )~ I 1,-; II ('~~1 Ir I It 'r, t DENR-BMB and DENR Policy and p Scivitc 4. DI. t of dcc:tronic- 4.1 Develop an imaoperable (linked with 4.1.1 hilly functional systnm 111 use X DENR (BMB, Regional/ F'ac:ld o~s) BOC, PCSDS, BFAR, ADB-GEF IWf, USAID-Protcc:t Wildlife Pro' t 5 perminin!! wsrc-m, fnr wildlife other relevant :agmcics) onlinc spc-ar< tnruact10n s~·stem for processing and issuance of wildlife-related permit$ Development/ updating/ 5.1 Establish protocol for monuonng, enhancement of protocols ior 11wcstig.u1on, :md dctcclton of onlmc enforcement of wildlife laws, wildlife trade ---- including forensic spccuncn 5.2 fatablish protocol for forensic collcction protocol specimen collection 5.3 Rmcw and enhance existing WLE mamw/ rorocols 5.4 Draf1 poliq· for lhl' adoprion of 1hc enhancl"d and updated \VIJ~ m:mual/protocols 66 5.1.1 5.2.J 5.3.1 5.-1.1 5.4.2 l'rotrn.ul cst.thlt,hcJ .mJ tested in X DENR, NALECC­ ~CEKR, 11---1t----1t---1 I.EAs, in coordinsuon :.II least three areas of ma1or enforcement concern Protocol estabmhcJ anJ tested in X with other NGAs and at least three attas of major thcacadcrnc Enhanced/updated WI.E X nw1w.l/ rorocols Policy adopting 1he X cnlunced/updatcd \Vl.E manual issued Updated/enhanced \'(1.f•: manual '\ ~produced and dis!-cnunatcd :11 all levels Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018•2028 Time Responsible Interventions Targets Indicators Frame Eotity/ics s M L 6 Development/ updating/ 6.1 Adopt and maintain Environmental 6.1.1 F..I..EMIS adopted and functional X DENR-KlSS Bf\IB, enhancement of wildufe Law Enforcemcnr Management 21 all DENR Regional ( >ffices DENR Rcgiorw and management infonnation lnfonnation System (ELEMIS) at all Field ( )ffices system DENR Rc2ional Offices 6.2 lntcgntc ELEMIS in Environmental 6.21 ELEMIS, particulul)· the wildlife X DENR, l.EAs (NBI. Law Enforcement Age~s (LE.As) management information BOC, ?NP-Police and component, integrated tn ~faritimc Group) information management system I of key LE.:\s 6.3 Develop and u~ mobile application/s 6.3.1 Mobile application/s developed X DENR-BMB and for wildlife cnmc rcponing (with built in case tracking system) USAID-Protcct \X1ildhfe - 6.3.2 Number of active uscn X 6.4 Dc,·clop and maintain databases on 6.4.1 Database developed and X DENR-BMB, DENR ,..,,jJdliic pcmut holders and their wildlife maintained Regional ( )ftices, pcnnit stocks, aml data analysis holders, US:\ID Protect WiJdlife 6.5 Dcvdop and promote information 6.S.1 Poliq adopting information " DENR-BMB, USAID sharing protocol sharing protocol Protect Wildlife I 67 \\ 1ldlifr· I .aw Enforcement Action Plan (Wild.LEAP) 2018-2028 ACflONPLAN Suategy 2. Networking and Coordination < )l!ftdii>t: To strrn.S?,tlxn 1n11/Ji-". S?,t11!)' nthmrk.s ,1111/ .-ollabortJlio11 in wildli/r law tn/ommml tJI t1/I IN'fls. ' I Time Interventions Targets Indicators Frame Responsible s M Entity/ies L 1 Establishmcnr of inter-agency 1.1. Conduct of \l1.E stakeholder anaJysu 1.1.1 \Vl..E ST2kcholdcr m2ps X DENR-BMB/ wildlife law enforccma1t m al le~•• (, nu1or "',ldhtc trade Regional Officcs and group at the regional and local --~'"!'"'' orhcr Lr~,, levels (provincial, municipal, 1.2. Conduct/support consulrauon 1.21 Consulrauon mcc:ungs conJucrc:<l X NCIP / Regional citY) meetings 10 secure mulri-2~ Offices, US:\ ID support in the crcarjon of \l1.E group Pmtrct Wildli(c at the ~gmnal and local lcvds Pro,ect, ADB-GEF 1.3. Faciliflltc drafung/cxccution of 1.3.1 Memoranda of .\g~mcnt (~I( Hs) X Combatting Illegal :\grccmen" or other legal mstrumcnls or other legal mslrufTIC'nts \Vildhfc Trade Project ro moh1lizc and opcratmnahze the cst:il>lishmg the l<x::11 :md rci-,'lonal (l\'\'I) rq',1011;1\ c1ml l,x:al J,.xhcs uucr .i~cm:~ "'1kll1tc law I enforcement ~roup~ 1.4. \ !oh1hzation/ operation of regional and 1.4.1 Enforcement reports submitted at ::,., local enforcement groups the nabOrull level ~ HS trtTdligcnce fund, allocued per region 1.5.t Amount of intelligence fund X per year alloc:arcd for enforcement work. ' -~ 1.6 Protective C<jlltpmnll tor DE:--R l:aw 1.6. I 1'.urnbcr of protective cqwpmcnt X enforcers (e.g. fin·arrn.~ or "'·hichc-vc-r i,- procured appbcablc m the law cniorct"mcnt operations) 1.6.2 DENR law enforcers equipped with X personal protective e<jUlpmcnt 68 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018.2028 Time Responsible I ntcrvcntions Targets Indicators Frame Entity/ics s M L t.7 Drones with I-ID c:uncras per RO t.7.1 Number of drones procured X DE~R (Poli9· and procured and opcnrional Pbnning Service, Financial and Management Scl"\-ice, 8MB, Regional Offices) 1.7.2 Number of naff trained on drone X operations and d2ta anal)'sis 2 Creation of venues for regubr 2.1 Conduct of WLE Summit every ~'O 21.1 Summ1t Dcclaranon X X X DENR-B~ffl sharing of mformation years including issues, best practices, 2.1.2 Documcntauon of best practices X X X and lessons learned on WLE and lessons learned on WLE 21.3 Recommendations to resolve X X X emerging ISSUCS 2.2 Conduct/suppon regular meetings of 2.21 Rcpon/upd2tes on WLE X X X DENR-R.cgional regional WE< >s, Wl'MU, Rl.ECC Offices 3. Strengthening of collaborative 3.1 Document good practices of private 3.1.1 Publication of good practices on X DENR-BMB, mcchan~~m with the private SCCIOr engagement in wildlife private sector engagement in wildlife USAID-PW, :\DB sector in wildlife conservation and protection conservation and protection GEF Combaning conservation and protection Illegal Wildlife Trade 3.2 Establishment of mechanics to 3.2.1 Mechanics for sdccting recipients of X Project ()WI), US recognize private sectors' contributions recognition established and DOI ITAP to wildlife conKrvation and protection implemented 3 .-2.2 Number of private comparucs and X instirutions recognized 3.3 lmrkmt'lll~IIOfl of :\dopt .I \\'ildhk Srcc- 3.3.l MO.\ executed X DENR (B~ffl. l'rc,:nm • .-.~. ruhhc-pm·arc pannt-nhip for Regional Of6ces) in i1t•RIM con,cr\'allon of clu-catc:nc:-d spccit-t coordination with {DENR :\dmmL•lr2hve Order 2010-16) 3.3.2 Ccnificatcs of funding contribution X private sector issued 69 \\ ildlifc Lm l nton.l llH 111 \l 11011 Plan , \\ ldl I \ P ?r 11 ~ 202X I Time Responsible I Interventions I T,ugcts Indicators Frame Entity/ies I I 5 M I. H Fncoungc: pnv:.itc '!-« tor suppc. rt for .l.4.1 !'\iumhcr of pnvate compa ICS \ I \\ J I , ,unoonin2 \l1.F actMl>es I , H.2 "-iumbcr, tvpc ;md valu<' of X conrnbunon 4 < >pcntionalization of 4.1 ~ignat1<>n of "'11'.ll" s t) man all 4.1.1 .\ , .u1 so \Vl11.n ~ (;1"("4, .. i l>F.~RRcgtonal \\ 11,P·fr ·1 r 1•f. \I ,r.t<>n 1 I ma,or aar and sea pons ( )fflCcS Ul I \! '. ' , IM'\1 r . X coordtn~ 1101• \\'11 h ,, ... J' C.\.\P. C:.-,< >, P< >. PNP, PCG, PP.\ 4.1.2 At least 40 of WTMUs ~tcd an: X luD,, functional 5. Strengthening and coarinuous ,; · Rc-,--iN· and ~titutc POGI 5.1.1 POGI ieconstituted through X DENR(BMB, mobilization and operation or DENR Special Order Regional < )fficcs), Philippine Operations Group DOJ, NBI, PNP, on Ivory and lllcgal Wildlife NIC:\, BO<. T radc (POGI) and other similar intu-tgaKy bodies 5.2 Conduct of survcillance, case building, 5.2.t Number of wildlife bw v10btors X X X law cnforc~nt and case: filing annrchcnded 5.2.2 1':um~r of rnforcc:~nt n-pons or X X X updates to contain the following: a Number and types of viobtions b. Case nwnbcrs C Names and addresses of persons 'I i, ~ -- --,. . . d. Number of responses to rcpons of vtolarions e 1'a~ of apprehending officer and organizational a ffihauon f. ~umber of inspections tn hotspots conducted g. Species and number of wtldhfc specimens intercepted/ " - confiscated/sei;,:cd 70 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VtldLEAP) 2018-2028 Interventions Targets lndicatora Time Responsible Frame Entity/ies s M L h Information on the status o( investigations and judiciary proceedin- determined 6.2.3 Number of ~~scs filed X X X 6 Coordination and 6.1 Coordination meetings 6.1.1 Meetings conducted wirh private X DENR (B~IB) Ill development of m«hanisms companies coordination with with priv:ate comparucs (e.g. 6.2 ( )ricntation on wildlife trafficking and 6.2.1 < >rienrauons conducted X priv:ate comp:m1cs airline, bus, shipping, cargo wildlife laws forwarders, Transpon 6.3 Drafting of MOA or other institutional 6.3.1 MOA and other issuances executed X Network Vehicle Service arr:angcments (I"N\'S), etc.) to combat illegal transnon of wildlife 7. Promotion of Philippines' 7.1 Attendance IO regional and 7.1.1 Country report X X X DENR-BMB efforts on \VLE at the regional international event~ :md dissemination and international events and of Philippine \'\1.E iniu:uivcs therein 7.1.2 Report on Rgional and international X X X publications developments on WLE including best practices on WLE at global 1c ... e1 7.2 Papers/ manuscripts/ article, on WLE 7.2.l Papen/ manuscripts/ articles on X X X prepared WLE published 7.3 Sourcing of international funds and 7.3.l Number of proposals developed X X X DENR(B~m. support (e.g. multilateral, bilatenl, other and submitted 10 potenri.tl fundmg Foreign :\ssistcd and international institutions) facilitated donon Special Projects Service (FASPS)) 7.3.2 Number of muhilatcral/ bilatcraJ/ X X X other inremauorul funding and grant agreements supponing wildlife conservation initiatives, including WLEs;--d 8. Ensure continuous compliance 8.1 Regular sharing o( infonnarion and 8.1.l Case documents X X X DENR-BMB to inremational and rc2ional rcsoonsc to tnnsnarional intcllittnce 71 \'\1ldhfr I.aw l·.nforccmcm .\caon Plan (\\'ildl.1-..\P) 2018-202X ~~~ conututmc:111, rq"><•rt~ Interventions Targets lndicaton Time Responsible Frame Encity/ies s M L 8.2 Rci,:ul.u ,uhnu,~1<,11 "' repons 10 8.2.1 :-..auonal rcpons X X X 1n1c:rn;i11on.tl dllWC:1\llOll, ,c: K crn-:.s. CBl>, .\SI:..\:--; \Xorlung (.jroup on ,.. CITI;;s and Wildlifc Enforcffllt'flt, etc.) C) l·:~1.il1h,hmc:n1 of collAl1<,r,111ve <) I Paruciparc in Semor < >ffic12l\ :\let'fln~ 9 I I C .outlfn• rqx ,rt X 'X ' Dl·.'-.R, Pn< ; mechanism "',,h nt:lj{hlx,nng on Tunsnallon:11 Cnmc: \S( )\fl'(.), :\SE.-\1',; countncs on 111dud111g the S< >:-.rn: Work.l.flg Group ' rran~hound:in· \'('].F. conct'ffls on llbcit \Vildlife and Tunbcr Traf6cDlll -- -9.2 lnibatc bilateral arrangements with ~,9.21 ~~tc~ ~~rts X DI , R H:\IB in Indonesia and Malaysia for joint cross 9.2.2 Ac:tuai joint opcranons rcpons X coordmauon \l,'llh border control and surveillance DFA oocrations 9.3 lnimu: discussion for the in1cgnt10n of 9.3.1 Meeting ttpon~ that tackle wildlife X PCSDS, :-.lindanao wildlife trade issues in the agenda of the tndc IS$UCS Development Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Malaysia Authon~· (:-.HND.\) Philippines East :\SE.\1' Growth Arca (BIMP-E:\G.\) and Coral Triangle I ruuat1Vc on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Sc:c;uri11· (Cfl-CFF) 9.4 Enhance cooperation with Mala)-sia on 9.4.1 '11HPA Joint Management X X X DENR (BMB, Region the management and protection o( Committee OMQ mccnngs ·-- IX. ARMM). B fA~ DND,DFA ·---- wauau■ , '-AA..-. aOA&1au Hcriragt Prorccted :\rca (111 lP:\) 9.4.2. TIHP.\ JMC rcsolutsons on X X X srrcngt hcning ~1ldhfc bw I enforcement 72 Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 ACTION PLAN Strategy 3. Capacity Building Ol?Jrdi11t: To 1/rrnJ!/!Jtn lllf ttJ/)11,iJiu of rrln•,111t,e.,ormm1ml ,mill al /ht 1talional and Iota/ ltt>tls as a1tU ilJ (01ttm1td slak4holders in WlJ~. Interventions 1. Dcvelopmcnr, and insututionali7-ation of comprehensive prognmmatic capacity building on WLE Targets 1.1 Review and enhance of existing WLE rrairung oowscs 1.2 Institutionalize the programmatic training course 1.3 Conduct of mining 2. ~•clopmcnt of academic courses 2.1 or shon-term formal education program on WLE Coordin2tc with Philippine Public Safety CoUcgc (PPSq, CHED, NBI Academy, PNP Academy, Philippine Military Academy (PMA), and other rdcvanr learning institutions for guidance and assistance m the development of formal education proe:ram on Wl . .E 2.2 Explore potential panncrships with academic institutions for integration of wildlife and other environment­ related subjects m their respective curriculum 2.J Develop courses on environmcnt:al conservation and protection that ll12)" be offered as core or elective subjects m academic degree of lc:amine institutx>ns Indicators 1. 1 .1 Programmatic ,, 1.E training course developed including module 1.2.1 DENR :\dnummativc < lrdcr or other lc:g:al issuance l .J.1 T r2ining rcporn 2.1.1 Coordin2tion meetings and rcpons 2.2. t Coordination meetings and reports 2.3.1 Number o( courses developed and :adopted 73 Time Frame S M L Responsible Entity/ies X DENR-8:0.IB, Tanggol K2likasan. USAID-PW X X X X X X X DENR-BMB in coordination with PPSC, Cl-fED, NBI Academy, PNP :\cademy, PMA DENR-BMB in coordination with academe \\'1ldhtc !~1\\ 1-,ntorccmcnr .\coon l'l,111 ,\\1ldl.l \P 2018 2028 Interventions 3. lmplcmcnration of basic trauung programs, e.g. Tr:uning of Trainers (IUI) on \'\11.E, orientation-training on I environmental la~ for I Prosecutors and Judges m all RTCs and ~fl'Cs. continuous Targets '::! -i C oonhnarc \l.,th thc.· J>luhppllll' Rc~>ul.11on ( on•1m, 111n (PR<.) ~nJ othn rdl·vanr hoJll'' ~~( Ill 1c·, I 1<111\lll<lll' l•,r potc·nr,~I rcu,1,;11111011 ot \'O I· COUNC< :is put ot ,ommumg professtonal educ:umn J CPE.} ~ 3.1 .\ t IN.st one basic training program earned out per ~-car 3.2 Tl'1Wl at In.st 300 key personnel of Indicators 2 -i I ( .oordmallon mc.·ctmi, ,me! r.-ports :! -i :! '-urntin ol \\ I.I·. ,oursn mduded as < Pl· ucd11, 3.1 1 Training report/, 3.2.1 Dtttctory of tl'lWled pcrsonnd local and nauonal government 1------------­ agcncies and partners per )"car 3.2.2 Scx-dl5aggrcgared list oi speakers and panicipant~ mentoring and coachmg of WLE 3.2.3 Training reports including copy of Officers. batangn-Jevcl I I Time~ Responsible lity/ies s M L )El\R (B~fB, I IRDS) m coordm.uron \I.1th ~-+----t PRC X X X DENR-B~IB X X X X X X X X pre$Cntauon materials monitoring system, values 1------------------+--------------------1---+--~ oricnbtion 3.3 :\t least H1'1• of triuncd non-DENR 3.3. t Individual accomplishment rcpom personnel act~·ely envged m wildlife law cnforcemenr rebted act1V11le: 4. lmplcmcntauon of specialized 4. t • \t lcai;t one specialized training 4. 1.1 Traming module prepared training sessions (e.g., wildlife ID program wi1h a nununum of 35 .L.-~--4J-''lwldli1Mtu1¥,1cia~u:.i~"lla:.lil;m..J r:11ci jp,,111 earned wu ;w err , - , and p ,;.t~n for fo~. c~·l>er-crimc investigauon intelligence-led law enforcement, controlled delivc~·. communication planmng, eti:.) 4. 1.2 Training rcpons including copy of pn:scntation material 4.1.3 Sex-disaggregated list of speakers and participants 74 X X X X X DE!'\R-BMB in coordination with . ·-· PNP Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 ACTION PLAN Strategy 4. Communication, Education and Public Awareness Objtdi11t: To inmaJt a111t1rrnts1 of 11<Jrio11s staJuholdm on Philippint IVild/ijt and rrlt11<J11l laws lo tJfefl behavioral chan,e,e. Time Responsible Interventions Targets Indicators Frame Entity/ies s M L 1 Assessment of the level of 1.1 Develop survey quc:stJomw.rcs 1.1.t Surve)· qucstlonnam::s c.kvdopcd X DENR(B~rB. public awareness on Philippine t.2 Conduct of actual survey based on 1.2.1 Survey conducted nationwide X Regional < >ftices) in wildlife conservation and coordination with protection, and related laws standard methodology development panncn, t.3 Analysis of survey results 1.3.1 Survey rcpon X and aadcmc, USD<>I, ADB-GEFIWr 2 Preparation of CEPA/ WLE 21 Review of existing National and 2.1.t Discussion paper on WJ.E X DENR(BMB, cornrnunicatjon plan with Regional CEP A/ Communication plan CEPA/Communication plan Regional/Field impact assessment tool Offices) in 2.2 Development of National 2.2.1 National CEPA/Communication X coordination with CEPA/Commurucation Plan on WLE Plan on WLE DILG. l.GU and (co consider Rc2ional context) development partners 2.3 Impact assessment tool developed 2.3.t CEP A/ commurucation impact X asseHmcnr tool 2.4 .Assessment of the impacts of CEPA 2.4.t lmpac1 assessment report X activities 3 Development. produclion and 3.1 Dcvclopmcnt of campaign materials (e.g. 3.1.1 Number of CEP A materials X DENR (B?\fB, dissemination of CEPA AVP, poster~. lcaflc:ts. brochures, developed. produced and Regional/Field materials wpaulins, comic-type materials, etc.) disseminated to various cargct Offices) audiences 3.2 Production of popular versions of RA 3.2.1 Number of copies produced X 9147 and other related policies in at least 4 local languages e.g. Cebuano, llocano, 3.2.2 No of copies distributed Filioino. and Chavacano X X X 75 \'\'il<llifo Law Enforcement Action Plan (\\'ildLEAP) 2018-2028 Interventions Targets Indicators Time Frame S M L 13 Di~M:minanon of wildhfc--rdatcd policies 3-3.1 ~o. of visits/ download/ likes X X X rhrough all fonm of media e.g .• 1-----------------11-.,. -.. --+--,..-.. -+----I I k'- · I ·" · · 3 .. l2 So. of articles featured in ., , X ,oo ,c~. n-giona not111c:.1t10n, posting If\ 8MB and DENR wcbsncs and social ncwspnnts mnlia ner,..·ork, 3.3.3 Airtime spent "11 ,..-.ldhfc· rd.tied X X X policy d1,n•'"' ,,,, 4 Conduct of a\l.•,m:nc:ss 4.1 Conduct of conresls (e.g.. slog.to- 4.1.1 Number of ~\\';uc,ws, pr,,gram..~ for communi1ies/ X cunpaign to educate making, quiz bee, po$tCr-maki.ng, jingle- conduct1:d coman.iniues and other making. photography, mobile app. barangays Responsible Encity/ies DENR(B~m. Regional/Field Offices) in srakcholdcn on the development for reporting wildlife L--------- ----+-----+----1 coordination '\\ilh imponancc of healthy, crime contest) 4.1.2 Number balanced, and productive communitics/bacanga)·s as ecosystems, mctt11.tt chances benc:ficiancs of comnUJnltv of X of reporting illegal acriV1tics, l-----------------+--- ::a:.::wim:ncs===s:..J1>=ro«n:.e.!!::c'ms~------+--+---+------i 2nd reduce the incidence of 4.2 lmplemcntlltion of informal education 4.2. l Number of DENR personnel X X X wildlife crimes. programs (e.g. DaJmr. T.m,/school t~d on Daliaw-Turo strategics caravans, orientation of lnrangay officials and local communities. radio 1------------------<1-,...,-. --+-- X-,-+-- X-.--1 L~-~ ~umber of CEP:\ campaigns ., . plugs, T\" ads, film $howmg m cinemas, launched (DalawTuro/school ins1alla1ion of hilllxn.rds in air/ sea ports, caraVlln<I, orientation of lnrang:ay han~mg of r:irp;iulin, m nar1on:tl rnd officials and local communities, 1'11•11•. I. I ' ,, IJp 1 d --1~ I T\' ds film L .. , ~ . lllWO p uat5. . I $ftOWU10 •r--~ Ill cinemas, mst2llabon of billboards m air/ sea pon~. hanging of tarpaulins in national and orovincial roads and bus statiom) 4.2.3 .-\t lust 25¾ of the Filipino X 76 people arc aware of ',l,ildlife conservation :md protection X X DILG/LGUs, l.F..As, commwt.ities, US.\IDPW Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\Vild.LEAP) 2018-2028 ACTION PLAN Strategy S. Improving Governance, Curbing Corruption Objulive: To nuurr lransparenl, a«ounlablt, and rrsponsiblt la"' tnjorrtmtnl efji,-rrs and inslihtlions that uphold !ht mlt of law. Ti.me Responsible Interventions Targets Indicators Frame Entity/ies s M L 1 Estabhshmcnt of feedback t. 1 Review existing feedback mechanisms 1.1. t Analysis rcpon X X X DENR (8MB, mechanism that c2n be annlied to WLE Regional Offices) in 1.2 Develop feedback mechanism on 1.21 Feedback mechanism developed X X X coordination with WI£ other NGAs 1.3 ( >pcntionalw: feedback mechanism 1.3.1 :-.;umber of regions that implc:mcn1 and X X X oocrationati:te the mechanism 1.3.2 Compliance rcpons X X 2 Mobilization and support to 2.1 Conduct of regular meetings of 2. t. t Minutes of the Meeting including inter- X X X DENR (8MB, wildlife-related bodies, e g. wildlife-related bodies agency recommendations Regional Offices) in National and Regional Wildlifc coordination with Management Committees, 2.1.2 Action documents If\ punuit of X X X other I..GUs, academe Philippine Plants Conscrv-ation recommendations and other G:\s Committee (PPCq, Philippine Red List Committee (PRLC). etc. 3. Management of confiscated wild 3.1 Assessment of CXlSMg WRCs tn S.1.2 Rq,on on the operational status and X DENR (8MB, animals tenns of capacirr and capability to condition of\l'R.Cs nationwide Regional/Field maintain confiscared animals <>ff1Ces) If\ 3.2 Strcunlining, enhancement of exi.'>ting 3.21 Number of WR.Cs established/ X X X coordination wirh and/or establishment of new '.'('RCs, improved and maintained I..GUs as necessary. 3.22 Regular animal inventory report X X X and pm·atc sector including disposition, Ul accordance with existina. 1ZUiddines 3.3 Establishmcnr of holding facilities in 3.3.1 Number of holding facilities established X major rrade hotspots in major trade honpors 77 I ntcrvcntions \\ ildht"l· l..1\\ I .ntiin.:cnwnt \ct1on Plan \\ 1l<ll.l· .. \P) 2018 2028 Targets Indicators , -t ( I\..., 111,tAilt"c .111, opc·r.11101u, 111 ' I I ,ur-1l)(r ol ( ( I\, prou,rnl ho1<por ire~' Time Frame s ... \. ' Responsible Entity/ies Pl 11111 ni I I IJ ll .• • \I i.1i(lncnr B\IB. ( ltfl«·s ... , I"'> IH', l\lL'.IOll.,I Ill 'sR l'nl ,, 111d \•.1n., .. •t:1unt '-t-r\ht, !I\ 111 !'., \X'ildlifo Law Enforcement Action Plan (Wild.LEAP) 2018-2028 ACTION PLAN Strategy 6. Reporting, Monitoring and Evaluation Obj: To br ublt lo t1JJm lhf impt1dJ, rr /inf lhf nmhu11i1m1 t1nd n,onilor i111pln11rnltJlion Jlul11s '!f W'i/dll :.AP Interventions 1 Monitoring c:omplcmce ttponing rc<juircmcnts Targets Indicators 10 1.1 Regular and timcly suhl1l1Ssion of I.I. 1 (.?uanerly reports suhmlllcd quarterly \l1 E n:ports to the < >fficc of the Seen-tan· Time Frame S M L X X X Responsible Entity/ics DENR(BMH, Rcgio112I C )fficc-s) 2 Conduct of impact assessment 2.1 Dcvck>pment of evaluation tool 2.1.1 Evaluation tool de,•clopcd X X DE!':R {HMH, Policy of \\1.F efforts vts-a-vss and PlanninR Service) implementation of the 1-2.-2- F :.x rc r n-al c v al-u-ar io n o.,..f im p a c r ---tl-2- .-2-. t- l•-:va- lu a tio n R cp o rt in c lu d 1n-g-+-X-,,,-+-,X,.,-,-+-X,.,- -+----...... ....... -1 \lri.ldl.E:\P at regular interv,.I rccommcndation/s to unprove (ever}· 3 ,·eus) WLE activities 3. l.>c,·clopmcnt of mechanisms for monitoring of status of ..i.,ldhfe-related cases at D< >J and Judiciary /Supreme Coun, as appropriate 4 Promotion of public participation in monitoring and reporting wildlife crimes 2.2 Mid-term m-icw ofWildl.E:\P 3.1 Coordinate ~·llh l)( >J and Judiciary/Supreme Court 2.3. 1 Report of mid-term m-in· 2.3.1 Co<lated \VtldLF.:\P 3.1.1 Regular statw report of wildlife cases X 4. 1 L'pdating and di.~semin:uion of 4.1.1 Directory regularly updatC'<l and X dirccto11· of dcpuu.zcd and designated published WE< >s and WrMUs (from CENR< > to n2uon.li level) 4.2 Design and promote the use of a 4.2.1 System for real time reporting of X X X DENR-BMB DENR-B~IB tn coonlination wuh D<>J DE:-JR (H~m and Regional ( >fficcs) system for real time rcpomng on 1- wild;;.:·= li:.:.fe=-=crune:..::· :.:.:.:.s::....::..es:..:ra=.:b:..:li.s:.:. . .:.che;:..;d::.... --+---+--+---+-- ~ --------i ..i.1kllifc crunc:s 4.2.2 Increased number of m<liv1duals X n:ponin~ wildbfe-rcbtcd cnmcs 79 \'(,'ildlife Law Enforcement Acrion Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Acknowledgments This Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\VildLEAP) 2018-2028 could not have been developed without the initiative, guidance and invaluable help of mmy individuals, institutions and organizations that deserve due acknowledgements. Advisory Team: 8MB Director Crisanta Marlene P. Rodriguez BMB OIC-Assistant Director Annida P. Andres Dr. Theresa Mundita Lim {fonner BMB Director) Dr. Antonio !\fanila (fonner 8MB Assistant Director) Development Team: Ms. Josefina L. de Leon, Chief, Wildlife Resources Division, B!\IB Ms. Nennalie M. Uta, Chief, Wildlife Regulation Section, BMB Ms. Lorilie Salvador, \Vtldlife Resources Division, BMB Ms. l\fary Grace B. Vlatan, Wildlife Resources Division, BMB Atty. Rondy Bisquera-Sheen, USDOI-ITAP Atty. Justine Nicole Torres, Volunteer-writer Ms. Camille Sophia Nacion, Volunteer-writer Mary Jean A. Caleda, PhD, Consultant Support Team: Dr. Estcven U. Toledo Dr. Rogelio D. Demelletes, Jr. Ms. Althea L. Abarquez Ms. Teresita B. Tomas Ms. Danica G. Darlucio Ms. Jessica R. Balite Ms. Sheena Crystal Dawn A. Rubin Contributors: Ms. Marion Antonette Dadan, Sulu-Sulawesi Seascape Project, GIZ Atty. Edward Lorenzo, USAID-Protect Wildlilfe Project Atty. Marina Rabe-Manuel, USAID-Protect Wildlife Project 1\-fr. Glenn M. Forbes, USAID-Protect Wildlife Project Mr. Rand}' Vinluan, USAID 1\1s. Kamille Jan Trillanes-Rosales, Biodiversity Finance Iniative Philipppines Project Ms. Anabelle Plantilla, Biodiversity Finance Iniative Philipppines Project Ms. Angelique F. Ogcna, Biodiversity Finance lniativc Philipppincs Project For. Flordclino M. Rey, DENR-Office of the Assistant Sccrct.ary for Field Opcrations­ Visayas 94 Wildlife Law Enforcement .-\ction P (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Engr. Roberto M. :\guda, DENR-Office of the ..-\ssisrant Secretary f Fidd Opcrations Visayas Ms. Llarina S. Mojica, DENR-Policy Studies Division Mr. Vcnerando L'. Garcia, DENR-Policy Studies Division For. Kryshlainc Raquel, DENR-Office of the Assistant Secretary for icld Operations r-.tr. Isagani Amatorio, Forest Management Burt-au Mr. Luigi Antonio Tungpalan, DENR-Central Office Arty. Romeo Bravo, DENR-C:\R Mr. Julius Cawilan • DENR-CAR ~Ir. I Ienry Valeros, DENR-CAR ~Ir. Gilbcn Mangliwan, DENR-C\R Ms. Veronica Banglot, DENR-CAR Mr. Mauricio Nead, DENR-CAR Ms. Richelle Ricohcnnoso, DENR-NCR Ms. Maricar Puno-Sanchez, DENR-NCR Mr. Allan N. Domingo, DENR-NCR l\lr. Carlito Castaneda, DENR-NCR Mr. Glen Pastorfidc, DENR-NCR Mr. Antonio Ridulme , DENR-Rcgion I Atty. Arlyn Katherine C. Buduhan, DENR-Rcgton I .Ms. Marilyn Racoma, DENR-Region I Ms. Joey Zarate, DENR-Region I Ms. Sanrose Pulangco, DENR-Rcgion II Ms. Cecilia Luzuriaga, DENR-Region II Mr. Jovencio Payba, DENR-Region II Ms Mincl'\'a Pagtiigan, DENR-Region II Mr. Eliseo Mabasa, DENR-Region lI Mr. Mcrlito Villar, DENR-Region Ill Mr. Fernando Reyes. DENR-Region III Ms. Minerva Martinez, DENR-Region Ill For. Fred Sadueste, DENR-Region III Mr. Ricky Hernandez, DENR-Region III Mr. Arnold :\. Arbolado, DENR-CAL\BARZON Mr. Ramon Berbano, DENR- CAI..ABARZON Ms. Elegia Tulio, DENR- CALABARZON !\Ir. Ernesto Diso, Jr., DENR- CAI..ABARZON Mr. Ramil). Gutierrez, DENR-CALABARZO?\: Mr. Victor D. Ombajino, DENR- CAL.\BARZON Ms. florida Morada, DENR- CAL\BARZON Mr. Alexander Mancio, DENR-l\lIMAROPA Ms. Ma. Vi,ian Soriano, DENR-MIMAROP:\ Ms. Grace Mahilom, DENR- MIMAROPA Ms. Rhodora Ubani, DENR- MIM:\ROP.-\ Ms. Clarissa Pador, DENR- MIM,\ROP,\ Mr. Danilo G. Patron, DE1':R \11\L\ROP,\ Mr. Lino Dimapilis, DENR- l\fl;\L\ROPA Mr.Jerry Bautista, DENR- Ml\l.\ROPA Mr. 'Ibclmo Hernandez, DE1'R- \11\L\ROP.-\ 95 Wlldlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 Ms. Grace Carino, DENR-Rcgion V Mr. Nod Madrideo, DENR-Region V Ms. Annabelle M. Barquilla, DENR-Region V Ms. Myrna G. Baylon, DENR-Region V For. Rechilda Almazar, DENR-Region V l\ls. Dolores Vargas, DENR-Region V Ms. Narisol Divina, DENR-Region V l\ls. Merlene Aborka, DENR-Region VI Mr. Renato B. Andrajc, DENR-Region VI Ms. Emelyn Penaranda, DENR-Region VI Mr. Rainier A. Manlcgro, DENR-Region VII Ms. Shclumicl L. Purisirna, DENR-Region VII Ms. Ma. Clea Arcciio, DENR-Region VII t,.,tr. Ariel Rica, DENR-Region Vll Ms. Eugenia Bautista, DENR-Region VIII Ms. Nena Daynos, DENR-Region VIII Mr. Kenneth Y,·es, Salon DENR-Region VIII Mr. Allen Cebuano, DENR-Region VIII Mr. Concordia Remoroza, DENR-NIR Mr. Rosendo Lopez, DENR-NIR Ms. Lucia Salazar, DENR-NIR Mr. Philip Lcchoncito, DENR-NIR For. Rosie Pablico, DENR-NIR Mr. Marlo Uena, DENR-NIR For. Lemuel A. Soriano, DENR-NIR Ms. June Melissa Garol, DENR-Region IX Ms. Serena Cabrera, DENR-Region IX Mr. Cidur Julsadjiri, DENR-Region IX Mr. Edgardo Espinas, DENR-Region IX Ms. Arlene Gabayno, DENR-Region IX Mr. Virgilio A. Bais, DENR-Region X l\fr. Re)naldo Benedictos, DENR-Rcgion X Mr. Henry Halina,Jr., DENR-Rcgion X Mr. Rustom Delada, DENR-Rcgion X For. Roel Dahonog, DENR-Rcgion X l\tr. Gilbert Dragas, DENR-Region XI Mr. Victor Billones, DENR-Region XI Ms. Lucille Arguero, DENR-Region XI Ms. Contcza B. Arao-arao, DENR-Region XI Ms. Ma. Theresa P. Lcdardo, DENR-Region XI Ms. !\fa. Mercedes Dumag.an, DENR-Rcgion XI Ms. Glenna Reba M. Cruz, DENR-Region XI Ms. Angelique Elizalde, DENR-Region XI Mr. Brine E. Dumdum, DENR-Region XI Mr. Ronald Amacio, DENR-Region XI Ms. April Lepardo, DENR-Region XI Mr. Eduardo Ragaza, DENR-Region XI Mr. Morris \V[)·th Nononio, DENR-Rcgion XI 96 Wildlife Law Enforcement .-\ction P (WildLEAP) 2018-2028 l\ls. Concepcion L. Apostol, DENR-Rcgion XI Mr. Efren P. Flores, DENR-Region XI Ms. Liane B. Ban<long, DENR-Rt.-gion XI Ms. Dulyn l\laglinab, DENR-Rcgion XI Ms. Josefina L. Bravo, DENR-Region XI Ms. Mari Antoniettc A. Andulana, DENR-Region XI Mr. Efren Tagorda, DENR-Region XI Ms. &lriane Beth M. Tago, DENR-Region XI Ms. JaY'•ee Jude V. Agas, DENR-Region XI Dr. Cesar Guevarra, DENR-Region XII For. Dirie P. Macabaning, DENR-Region XII Ms. Emily Ampatuan, DENR-Region XII Ms. Jewd Padullon, DENR-CARAGA Ms. Claire Jamero, DENR- CARAGA Ms. Cleofic J. Aranas, DENR- CARAGA Mr. Modesto Lagumbay, DENR- CA.RAGA Ms. Fclirose Magno, Armed Forces of the Philippines Mr. Amici Abayon, Bureau of Customs SA I Jonatlun Belmonte, 8Utt2u of Customs SA I Elvin M. Enad, Burt.-au of Customs District Commander Paul 0. Ditona, Bureau of Customs SP /LT. Angelita Cruz, Bureau of Cuswrns Ms. Joshua Managula, Bureau of Customs Hon. Marissa L. E<lnaco, Department of Justie<: Atty. Albert Angelo D. Villalon, Dcparttnent of Justice Ms. I..iezel :\quiatan, Deparnnent of Justice Ms Elizabeth Abogado, LGU-Calapan Dr. Ronald Bemasor, LGU-Pasay Ms. Armi D. Francisco, LGU-Quczon City Mr. Arthur Paclibar, I.Gl.J-Zamboanga Dr. Mari.a Corazon B. Sepulveda, LGL:-Davao Cit)· Agent Abner 0. Tecson. National Bureau of Investigation Mr. Nolan Gadia. National Bureau of Investigation Atty. Edwin Romano, National Bureau of lnv<.-stigation Mr. Geraldo de Luna, National Bureau of ln\'cstigation Engr. Laureano Tug.as II, National Bureau of Investigation SI Rio C Ponsones, National Bureau of Investigation Atty. Ariel Ross Calub, National Bureau of Investigation Bro. Martin FrancL .. co, BSMP NGO-Sagip Sierra Madre Bro. Gregory M. Mendoza, BSMP NGO-Sagip Sierra Madre l\lr. Christopher Mariano Yu, NGO-Turtle ConscITation Society of c Philippines LCDR. Labemy M. lkan, PCG Philippine Coast Guard Mr. Kristian B. Genita, Philippine Coast Guard Mr. Kenneth Ronar :\. Cabico, Philippine Coast Guard Ms. Jessica Lorraine Young. Philippine Coast Guard CDR Famcla :\spuna, Philippine Coast Guard Ens Jack Ryan Basitao, PCCi Philippine Coast Guard LCDR Agapito B. Bibat, PC< i Philippine Coast Guard 97 Wtldlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (\X'ildLEAP) 2018-2028 Mr. Rommel X. Wassig, Philippine Coast Guard LTJG. Grace F. ldos, Philippine Coast Guard Lt. Robinson Madriaga, Philippine Coast Guard PCinsp. Edwin Cura, Philippine Center on Transnational Crime LCDR Roy Alfaro, Philippine Navy Mr. Edmar Andes, Philippine Navy Ms. Marion Ivy Abcnoja Escobar, Philippine Navy COC Pedrito C. Dulanas,Jr., Philippine Navy Lt. Freddie Navarro, Philippine Navy P03 Jocr Jim M. Jimeno, Philippine National Police P02 Janet C. Amego, Philippine National Police PSUPT. Ronie S. Bacucl, Philippine National Police PSUPT. \Vtlson 0. Delos Santos, Philippine National Police SSUPT. Rhoderick Annamento, Philippine National Police Mr. George Sali-cm, Philippine National Police Mr. Chester Dacua, Philippine National Police PSSUPT. Ernesto Flores, Philippine National Police PSUPT. Juel Neil 0. Salcedo, Philippine National Police P02 Jayson Kent L Jadraquc, Philippine National Police PSI Alpaser Haber, Philippine National Police PCI Genie L. Balubal, Philippine National Police P03 Rosabelle M. Bitayo, Philippine National Police Psupt. Harry Lorenzo Ill, PNP-Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) Ms. Mylene Petalio, PNP-Maritime Group P02 Carlo A. Capuno, PNP-Maririme Group P02JoseffErick Von Occcna, PNP-Maririme Group PSupt. Crisostomo Ubac, PNP-Maritimc Group Mr. Francis Robert A. Maralit, Philippine Ports Authority Ms. Suzie l\,f. Huelgas, Philippine Ports Authority Port Police Chief Inspector Mary Pauleneth A. Miraplcs, Philippine Ports Authority Mr. Erdie S. Cocoy, Philippine Ports Authority PPCI Felix Angelo Quianzon, Philippine Ports Authority Mr. Reynaldo C. Galicha, Philippine Pons Authority Mr. Ponciano L. Mojica, National Intelligence Coordinating Agency Capt. Jesus R. Nava, PN (GSC Anned Forces of the Philippines) Ms. Fclirose Magno, GSC, AFP Col. Joel B. Fernandez PAF (GSC), AFP Ms. Feli Rose B. Magno, AFP Major Henry M. 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"<-£ r-1~u. h..Jnpm;:, ,t 1.a'l'-l,ala\1 m n.1t11 IIUI .anJ pt'H\lnt.:ul n1,,1,iS1. fkittmp 111 l''""tr'f" l-''1~.11.dm, •• bu, •Ufli•U~ l1-t.U 41010 \S H 16011 ~(162?7 26.,1611 17.611 ?l l9JJ1Hl !l•,-1<'.4 I') 11.'>A1 U \l.>N, I;~ lfl m.'lo00.17 89 W,IJl,(t I~-..· l·.n(,'ftcmcn1 /\<11,.., Pbn (WJJIJ~P) 20111-2028 BUDGETARl' REQUIREMENTS (on m,Uoon poo•) ·- T....- T1DKII., -. .... ~Tf'na 1~7.,., Tow "'4 I - lDlll lDll JD.U llll2J »u ~ - 21m Jell I I -,,N,~ ,ot itl.t°'...-O.-.tlntl, 1.,~000 IJ,!.: ... , I WM.(.\ ll,, .. ,,. \t, ... t ~\Ot,1 1.91\U :.. .. .-1 .... ".u: ,, .. ~ •• , 4 \ ll.l-17.'M tc.:Jl'..a..-lmr..tumvn ln'J:'--,.l. ln(o.furlnmt th..t .....-.ht.lif1''-'.ih••U t ! l>rnd.,-i~-t \IC~• «>100 4!11<, H:-0!1 11., 'U ...,.,. \U 92 \IHI 1(,419 ~~(•l ,.1ous ffW'\t'un.'ITI•""' ,11 1,1~r,4h,rwo,.IC"lff<it1... . l!U, 1?77 I\ 'I ,.c .. ll 7M IH! 14..IO 1711 1797 1"-*· IJ.1.'M .....,h.a,•vn ,. \l,.illLl~.-i..,.. 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H).16068 )tl,AUl 72 111.,111 ~\ ,11.-11 0.),000 i; ,-, '-.."'-l" l.,AOCl,MIT.I on'N'l(.mwni:,.e·n,"""' ,nJl,rt<"lt~tof '"" • . , ' .. nn.n..,, \JJ ...... 1hmffll,I( ' !!, 11 11 !\H:-n U,7!0.U h, ""' ••• ,.., in l'Nf'" lr"'f.r ... ohf""•O ~ U t T\'!''ln1ot.dnl n.J l,M!JI Ill l,K~llllt l.c,IIOUO 'fl('f' .... -ruia 9') h, ~1f"" ~ ttt•• l S l)nl,a,ml lunJ ., .oll ' np,.. alr,c.-n.l annuah 1,,. .tw runtuv .,, nwJ..M ......... ....,..... .... ~ TOTAL )0,llts lo.l.118t uum .,.. )«7 Ll6 --- &ZHM Ult~ 00,.lW ,-H,n U6l\\4 90 'I BUD<,lc."TARY REQUIREMENTS (i■ milio■ pHM) lnl<Mllliona Tar~c. T,mchn,r Shon ttrm McdiumT~ra Lo■11 T~rm Toul !, M L 2'>19 l020 2021 2022 2023 2024 202S 2026 2027 2028 l ~t<OC"11t,,n~ l I Kq.,...t., anJ tomc:h ' \ \ ;;\;: •)" 2. \(,S.(,.=! z.~, .,... ~(J~lfA) Z,l"',SO :?Jl-s -11 1,01~.1•1 1.rnus l.l:?S C./, \,-l'J\ ,r, .'.:!Jil., \ , .. ;•1 C• lfflplW'Kc ro ttp'1•mng ,.:ubrru,o.,-:,n r1( i.cUJ.n:crly rcqwrrmcnt:1 ~1 J· «f'""' '" 1h< Off,cr o( chc Sc< «ta,y 2. C.i-nduc1 u( •fflf'U(l i I n .. ,~-rmrnc .. , ' \ l,O?flll<• usu• 1 11z 11) \,.:""~IJII 1,HH , I ,4<t2 ll\ .•·• \I "-"1oCumc-n1 ,1f\'t1J n·&luM...-t11 fool c0~1rh n• I,,, trnrlcmcntah1 ,n o( t}'( 2 2 r.'ltcnul c,·.ah.w,un u( ' \ \ 68(, Ill ·10 )() -',(, '~ 1 'J4 I \ M\ \ 11-4 875 Sl 919 '1 W.527 IJ>I} Sl l,(>64 .:?I A,621141 ll',lJJ J'.AI' at «i;ul•• lfflf>acl mien-.! (c,-cry \ )'<&n) 2 '\ ~lad ,~nn rt"\~ ••f \ -,-,/'1,11 22.80 1, ,, .. (,'I\~ W,lJIJ·.\I' l n .. ..-1, 'f"'>Cnl o( l l ( ,a,ruma1e ,,th l>OJ ' "'"\ (tl ' " ' 1,' ', mt<h.an1~°" for anJ J..J..ury I~ m,i 11nm ,n~, ►( n.uu.,l • ,f ('.,.-,un .. '1.IJbt\· rd.111:J (uo Joi J)( l l anJ luJKIU\ ~p<rmc ( , iun, a., JJ"r(c ,rn.Uc 4 l'n 1ft): ,oun of ruhltC ~ I l 'pdabng and ' "'~H•J ::,.~II I ,1::u, f",te19' 1rah• tO 1n J,,~.....-lfl of d1rt'('IPf) rn, ot''llh ,nn.,:: anJ .. , Jcr...,,.J and "'I" ""O.: .. ,klUr Jrn~>.llcJ ll1·:C )s and (nrnc, \\TMt·, (fo,mCl•.:s;l(O tu rub,IIUl lc,d) ,. . ... -- ---- ....... -- - ~ :! 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