Philippines National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

2014 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Philippines National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) 2014 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Republic of the Philippines Department of Environment and Natural Resources Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, 1100 Tel. Nos. 929-6626 to 29; 929-6633 to 35 926-7041 to 43; 929-6252; 929-1669 Website: http://www.denr.gov.ph / E-mail: Web@denrgov.ph MESSAGE It is my honor and priviledge to transmit and endorse our Reviewed and Updated National Implementation Plan (NIP) for the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants to the Conference of Parties (COP). This updated NIP not only reflects the commitment of the Philippines to its obligation to the Stockholm Convention but more importantly, its commitment to the protection of human health and the environment through the reduction and elimination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) This document contains the current scenario on the status of implementation of the action plans identified in the original NIP. The implementation of these action plans is a collaborative effort between different government agencies, the private sector, the academe and non-government organizations to effectively manage and control POPs. With the inclusion of ten (10) new POPs on the Stockholm Convention's list of monitored POPs, the Philippines included in its plan the initial inventory and assessment of this new POPs. Gaps were identified in terms of policy, information campaign, monitoring and management. This was translated into action plans committed to be implemented by different government agencies and NGOs. Addressing the issues on POPs is a continuous process of improving its management in its entire life cycle including the use alternative chemicals which is safer and more friendly to the environment. We are one with other nations in the fight to reduce and eliminate POPs to build a "greener tomorrow" for future generations. Mabuhay! National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Department of Environment and Natural Resources Environmental Management Bureau (DENR­ EMB) wishes to extend its gratitude to the Global Environment Facility (GEF) for the funding support for this project. It also acknowledges the following persons and organizations for their contributions to the updating of the National Implementation Plan (NIP) for Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES Atty. Jonas R. Leones DENR Undersecretary for Environment and International Environmental Affairs Atty. Juan Miguel T. Cuna DENR Assistant Secretary and concurrent EMB Director / National Project Director Dr. Eva Ocfemia Assistant Director / Assistant National Project Director Mr. Renato T. Cruz Chief, Environmental Quality Management Division Ms. Angelita Brabantet Chief, Chemical Management Section Ms. Emmanuelita Mendoza Mr. Geri Geronimo-Sanez Chief, Hazardous Waste Management Section Engr. Jean Rosete Chief, Air Quality Management Section Engr. Marcelino Rivera Jr. Chief, Water Quality Management Section Ms. Elenida Basug EMB- Chief, Environmental Education and Information Division Ms. Ella Deocadiz Chief, Research and Development Division Ms. Editha Leonardo Chief, Environmental Policy and Planning Division National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Engr. Edwin Romel Navaluna EMB Chemical Management Section Engr. Jose Joel Maleon EMB Chemical Management Section Ms. Angelica Gallego EMB Chemical Management Section Mr. Gilbert Maximo EMB Chemical Management Section Engr. Roland Omar Tamani EMB Chemical Management Section Ms. Josephine Monilla EMB Chemical Management Section Ms. Almira Alvia EMB Chemical Management Section Ms. Anne Catherine Pama EMB Chemical Management Section Ms. Tracy Bernadette Vidad EMB Chemical Management Section Engr. Leonie Lynn Ruiz EMB Hazardous Waste Management Section Engr. Teresita Peralta EMB-Air Quality Management Section Mr. Samuel Fabro EMB Water Quality Management Section Ms. Fatima Molina EMB Research and Development Division Mr. Janus Alpano EMB Environmental Policy and Planning Division Ms. Cristina Francisco EMB Environmental Education and Information Division Mr. Curtiss Lim EMB Environmental Education and Information Division NATIONAL STEERING COMMITTEE MEMBERS Dr. Norlito Gicana Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority Dr. Irma Asuncion Department of Health Dr. Kenneth Y. Hartigan-Go Food and Drug Administration DOH National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Dr. Ma. Teresita S. Cucueco Occupational Safety and Health Center Dr. Ma. Imelda Santos Bureau of Working Condition DOLE Maj. Nicomedes Enad Bureau of Customs DOF Dr. Nuna Almanzor Industrial Technology Development Institute - DOST Dr. Jean Tayag Commission on Higher Education Mr. Luis Catibayan Bureau of Import Services - DTI Ms. Shirlene Mananquil United Nations and International Organizations - DFA Mr. Roberto Batungbacal Samahan sa Pilipinas ng mga Industriyang Mr. Jose Marcalain Kimika Mr. Jesus Reyes Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry Ms. Sonia Mendoza EcoWaste Coalition TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP Engr. Ana Trinidad Rivera Department of Health Engr. Nelia Granadillos Occupational Health and Safety Center Dr. Marco Antonio Valeros Bureau of Working Condition Ms. Jerolet Sahagun Mr. Angelo Bugarin Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority Mr. Celton Clyde Saa Commission on Higher Education Dr. Ma. Theresa Gutierrez Food and Drug Administration Ms. Thelma Perez Mr. Rey Esguerra Industrial Technology Development Ms. Emelda Ongo Institute National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Engr. Gretchen Fontejon-Enarle Samahan sa Pilipinas ng mga Industriyang Mr. Jonathan Chong Kimika Ms. Cynthia Reyes Mr. Manny Calonzo IPEN Mr. Thony Dizon EcoWaste Coalition Mr. Rey Palacio Dr. Evelyn Laurito University of Sto. Tomas Dr. Florencio Balesteros University of the Philippines EMB REGIONAL OFFICES Ms. Vizminda Osorio NCR Mr. Oscar Cabanayant CAR Mr. Joel Salvador Region 1 Engr. Cesar Siador Region 2 Engr. Lormelyn Claudio Region 3 Mr. Carlos Magno Region 4A Mr. Allan Leuterio Region 4B Engr. Roberto Sheen Region 5 Atty. Jonathan Bulos Region 6 Mr. F emando Quililan Region 7 Ms. Letecia Maceda Region 8 Ms. Jacqueline Caancan Region 9 Mr. Sabdullah Abubacar Region 10 Ms. Ester Olavides Region 11 Ms. Ma. Socorro Lanto Region 12 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs I Engr. Metodio Turbella I Region 13 UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZTION Dr. Suresh Raj Mr. F akhruddin Azizi Dr. Carmela Centeno Engr. Leah Texon Engr. Teddy Monroy Ms. Jillian Revadulla-Bondoc Mr. Jimmy Neil Kang Ms. Hang Su PROJECT TASK TEAMS Dr. Susan Gallardo National Project Coordinator Engr. lurex Gallo Assistant National Project Coordinator Dr. Leonila Abella POPS Management Specialist Dr. Carl Renan Estrellan POPS Management Specialist Dr. Josephine Borja POPS Management Specialist Dr. Maricar Prudente POPS Management Specialist Dr. Michael Promentilla POPS Management Specialist Dr. Evangeline Santiago Consultant Engr. Denvert Pangayao Consultant Dr. Raymund Sison Consultant Dr. Jo Mangahis Consultant Dr. Socorro Aguja Consultant Dr. Joseph Auresenia Consultant Dr. Manuel Bienvenido Biona Consultant National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Mr. Marlon Era Consultant Atty. Christopher Cruz Consultant Dr. George William Hong Consultant Dr. Azucena Puertollanno Consultant Engr. Jess Trillana Project Assistant Mr. Gian Bernardo Project Assistant Ms. Kathrina Tan Project Assistant Mr. Jovito Anito Project Assistant Ms. Charmaine Ang Project Assistant Engr. Elvira Ongy Project Assistant Ms. Joanne Panglinawan Project Assistant National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... ES-1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION.............................................................................................. 1 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN...................................................... 3 1.3 RATIONALE FOR UPDATING THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN......................... 3 1.4 METHODOLOGY IN DRAFTING THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.................... 4 1.5 SUMMARY OF ISSUES ON POPs............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...................................... 5 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN................................................ 6 CHAPTER 2. COUNTRY BASELINE AND ASSESSMENT OF POPs ISSUES 2.1 COUNTRY PROFILE 2.1.1 GEOGRAPHY AND POPULATION ....................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PROFILE............................................................................. 8 2.2 EXISTING LEGISLATIONS AND REGULATIONS ADDRESSING POPs................................. 10 2.3 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF GOVERNMENTAL INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN POPs MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................... 11 2.4 POPs PROJECTS IN THE PHILIPPINES ........................................................................................ 12 2.5 ASSESSMENT OF THE POPs ISSUE IN THE PHILIPPINES 2.5.1 PRESENT STATUS (2013) OF THE NINE INITIAL PESTICIDES ...................................... 17 2.5.2 PRESENT STATUS OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) ................................. 20 2.5.3 PRESENT STATUS OF DIOXINS AND FURANS ................................................................ 24 2.5.4 PRESENT KNOWLEDGE OF POTENTIAL CONTAMINATED SITES ............................. 27 2.5.5 INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF FIVE NEW POPs PESTICIDES ............................................. 28 2.5.6 INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF PENTACHLOROBENZENE (PeCB) ....................................... 30 2.5.7 INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER (PBDEs) ............ 31 2.5.8 INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF PERFLUORINATED OCTANE SULFONATE (PFOS) .......... 35 CHAPTER 3. GOALS AND ACTION PLANS 3.1 REVIEW OF ACTION PLANS IN NIP 2006 3.1.1 ACTION PLANS FOR THE INITIAL POPs PESTICIDES .................................................... 39 3 .1.2 ACTION PLANS FOR PCBs.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... ....................................................... .. .. 41 3.1.3 ACTION PLANS FOR DIOXINS ND FURANS .................................................................... 43 3.1.4ACTION PLANS FOR CONTAMINATED SITES ................................................................. 45 3.1.5 ACTION PLANS FOR KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS ON POPs ................................ 46 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 3.2 ACTION PLANS FOR THE TWELVE INITIAL POPs AND THE NEW TEN POPs 3.2.1 GOALS ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGING POPs PESTICIDES INCLUDING DDT AND ENDOSULFAN .............................................................................. 50 3.2.2 GOAL AND ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGING PERFUOROOTANE SULFONATE (PFOS) AND RELATED CHEMICALS ........................................................ 55 3.2.3 GOAL AND ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGING POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDE) AND RELATED CHEMICALS.......................................... 60 3.2.4 GOAL AND ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGING POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) ............................................................................................................... 65 3.2.5 GOAL AND ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGEMENT OF UNINTENTIONALLY PRODUCED POPs (UPOPs) ................................................................................................... 68 3.2.6 GOAL AND ACTION PLANS FOR MANAGEMENT OF POPs CONTAMINATED SITES ....................................................................................................... 70 3.2.7 GOAL ACTION PLANS FOR FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS, INFORMATION AND EDUCATION (IEC) OF POPs................................................................................................. 73 CHAPTER 4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF POPS AND THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 4.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS of POPs 4.1.1 PERSISTENT ORGANIC PESTICIDES ............................................................................. 80 4.1.2 PFOS AND OTHER RELATED CHEMICALS.................................................................... 81 4.1.3 POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) ....................................................... 81 4.1.4 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) ...................................................................... 82 4.1.5 UNINTENTIONALLY PRODUCES POPs ........................................................................... 83 41 .. 6 POPs CONTAMINATED SITES ........................................................................................... 83 4.1.7 PUBLIC AWARENESS, INFORMATION AND EDUCATION (IEC) OF POPs ................ 83 4.2 SOCIO ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF POPS PHASE OUT............................................................ 84 4.3 SUMMARY ESTIMATES OF 5-YEAR DEFENSIVE EXPENDITURES TO MANAGE POPS ............................................................................................................................... 84 Appendices Appendix 1 Details of the estimation of c-OctaBDEs from TVs and CRTs ........................................... Al Appendix 2. Details of the estimation of c-OctaBDE from importation of CRTs .................................. A2 Appendix 3. Details of the vehicle registration to estimate c-PentaBDE ............................................... A3 Appendix 4. Details of the estimation of c-PentaBDEfrom disposed vehicles ...................................... A4 Appendix 5. Details of Resource and Cost estimates for the action plans in the NIP ............................ AS ii National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Philippines became a party to the Convention on February 27, 2004. On May 27, 2004, the Convention entered into force in the Philippines. As part of its commitment to the Convention, the Philippine government drafted a National Implementation Plan in 2006 that outlines its programs to meet its obligations under the Convention. Specifically, the National Implementation Plan aims to: • Outline the country's National Objectives for the reduction and elimination of POPs production, importation, use, and releases • Define the country's priorities and position to reduce and eliminate POPs releases • Design programs to remove barriers to the effective implementation of POPs phase out and release reduction measures under the Convention • Plan programs for information exchange, public education, communication, and awareness ra1smg • Enhance capacity through capability building as required, including institutional strengthening, training, equipment, legal and regulatory measures, enforcement, monitoring, etc. • Design programs to identify the need for any country-specific exemptions and, if necessary, prepare a report to the Convention justifying this need • Outline the needs for transfer of technology and know-how and/or enhanced use and development of indigenous knowledge and alternatives and the estimated costs of needed investments To achieve these objectives, the Philippines submitted in the NIP 2006 specific goals and action plans for the initial 12 POPs. Between 2009 and 2011, 10 new POPs were listed in the Stockholm Convention. To comply with the country's obligation under Article 7 of the Stockholm Convention, it is necessary to review the progress of the goals and programs for the old POPs in the NIP in 2006 and to update the NIP to include action plans for the new POPs. The updated NIP of2013 was finalized by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)­ Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) with the guidance of the multi sectoral National Steering Committee (NSC). The objectives of the NIP 2013 are aligned with the objectives of the NIP 2006 and with EMB's environmental policies in chemical management. The specific goals and programs of the country to comply with the SC obligation on the initial and new POPs are based on the results of GEF grant on the Review and Update of NIP implemented by UNIDO. These activities include the conduct of a study by a consultant group on the assessment of the implementation of the action plans for the 12 initial POPs, the review of the usage and inventory of the new POPs pesticides and the industrial chemicals PFOS and PBDEs, and the prioritization of the goals and action plans for the updated NIP. Review of Action Plans in NIP 2006 With the implementation of action plans for the initial twelve POPs, the country partly achieved the goals set for the POPs pesticides, PCBs and Unintentionally Released POPs (UPOPs). The most important activities for each category ofPOPs that contributed to the attainment of the goals are the following: ES-1 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Review of Action Plans in NIP 2006 With the implementation of action plans for the initial twelve POPs, the country partly achieved the goals set for the POPs pesticides, PCBs and Unintentionally Released POPs (UPOPs ). The most important activities for each category ofPOPs that contributed to the attainment of the goals are the following: 1. POPs Pesticides • FPA has banned Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor Toxaphene and Chlordane since 1999. FPAhas banned DDT in 2005 at the request of the Department of Health (DOH). • There are no importation data for the 9 initial POPs pesticides from 2004 to the present. • The identified stockpiles for the POPs pesticides in the 2006 NIP (2 L of Aldrin, 116 L of Chlordane were disposed in 2008. The 1,116 kg of DDT stockpile identified at DOH in the 2006 NIP and tracked in an unverified report to be under the jurisdiction of the Administrative Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is being verified by the DOH. 2.PCBs • The inventory of the transformer units from the CCO registration in 2010 indicated a total of 11900 transformers against the 7840 units from the initial inventory in the NIP 2006. In the 2010 inventory, 98% (117,091 units) are PCB free and Non-PCB transformers while 2% (1991 units) contained PCB oil or contaminated with PCB oil. • The progress in the implementation of the CCO for PCBs on the registration of PCB owners indicated that complete inventory will be achieved much later than 2014 • The completion of the National Inventory of PCBs is being conducted under the World Bank assisted project Integrated POPs Management (IPOPs). There is an on-going updating of the database for PCB under the IPOPs Project. The target number of companies to be inventoried is 800. The PCB owners are being trained in conducting the inventory. EMB Regional Offices are also being trained on data handling and updating the data base. • Pursuant to the Chemical Control Order (CCO) for PCB of the DENR-EMB, the importation of PCB or equipments containing PCBs have been banned since March 19, 2004. The Bureau of Customs monitors incoming equipments such as transformers and ensures that they are PCB free ( < 2 ppm) as defined in the CCO. • PCB owners have been trained on the implementation of environmentally sound management plan of PCBs. The (IPOPs) project provides technical assistance to the PCB owners to implement their PCB management plan. • Anon-bum technology PCB treatment facility is available locally for disposal of PCB oil. The facility was constructed under the GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB/PNOC-AFC cooperation. The technology applied for destruction (sodium dechlorination) is capable of reducing PCB oil down to 2 ppm concentration as required by local regulation. The PCB destruction facility is still on trial commissioning stage; the facility is not yet on commercial operation but is expected to be fully operational in 2015. ES-2 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 3. UPOPs (Dioxins and Furan) • The consolidated Dioxins and Furans inventory in 2013 based on the UNEP toolkit showed a total release at 779.529 gTEQ/a from all the sources. Open burning accounted for 59% (433.54 gTEQ/a) followed by disposal/landfill at 33% (255.06 g/TEQ/a). The ferrous and non ferrous production and power generation contributed a combined 7% of the total release (55.81 gTEQ/a). • The Integrated POPs (IPOPs) Management Project "Reduction of Releases of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants" provides on-going capacity building for inventory of dioxins and furans. • BAT/BEP capacity building activities under UNIDO or World Bank assisted projects have been done to achieve reduction of releases of Dioxins and Furans in different sectors. Demonstration activities and trainings have been organized to reduce releases from open burning, fuel fired utilities and industrial boilers, solid waste and several specific industrial and agricultural sources. The UNIDO project also included activities to implement safe closure of open dumpsites and rehabilitation of controlled dumpsites pursuant to Department Administrative Order 09 Series of 2006. Notwithstanding the progress that has been made in the action plans for the twelve initial POPs, the following are specific issues that need to be addressed: 1. Survey among farmers indicated the use of some of the banned POPs pesticides. Although the known POPs pesticide stockpiles collected by FPA were disposed of safely, more efforts have to be done to obtain a more comprehensive national inventory of stockpiles of initial POPs pesticides in the municipal levels. 2. The updated inventory of dioxins and furans indicated high contributions from open burning, manufacturing facilities and power plants. The development of the technical capability to verify dioxins and furans in these facilities is necessary to validate the inventory and to establish a more defined legal regulatory framework for dioxins and furan. 3. There are many potential contaminated sites with dioxins and furans including open dumpsites and landfills. Amore comprehensive identification of contaminated sites with dioxins and furans is necessary to prioritize activities on awareness and education, environmental and health monitoring and BAT /BEP interventions. 4. The training activities under the IPOPs project, have contributed to the greater awareness of PCB owners of the regulations of the Chemical Control Order (CCO) for PCBs. There is a need to put in place an efficient system for monitoring of the implementation of the CCO for PCBs. Assessment of the Issues on the Ten New POPs The updated NIP of 2013 provided information on the initial assessment of the issues of new POPs in the country and identified the goals and action plans for the POPs pesticides, PFOS, PBDEs and the UPOPs With respect to the ten new POPs, the following issues are identified: ES-3 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1. The initial inventory of PFOS based on importation data maybe overestimated. A better system of labeling of products and substances containing new POPs within the GHS framework is necessary to obtain a more accurate initial inventory of imported POPs. 2. A regulatory action to ban the use of the new POPs pesticides Lindane, and Endosulfan for all purposes is not yet done. 3. Verified reports on the availability of Endosulfan through illegal entry to the country calls for strengthening ofborder controls and surveillance. 4. The present awareness of PFOS and PBDEs as hazardous substances and the knowledge of the articles that may contain these chemicals are very low even for the industrial sector. Greater cooperation and coordination in the exchange of information between manufacturers, suppliers, importers, customs officials and end users should be facilitated by the SC. 5. The development of the technical capability in the country to identify PFOS in articles and contaminated sites is necessary to obtain a more accurate inventory of PFOS that will aid in the legal and regulatory action on the importation, use and disposal of articles with PFOS. 6. The efficient implementation of the regulations on the disposal of electronic waste is needed to safely dispose electronic parts that my contain PFOS and PBDEs. 7. Activities on environmental and health monitoring of POPs remain in the non-government and academic sectors. The EMB, as the regulatory body for POPs, has started acquiring the equipment for analysis of PFOS and Dioxins and Furans. A more regular monitoring of the environment and health impacts of POPs pesticides, PCBs, UPOPs and PFOs and PBDEs has yet to be organized. Goals and Action Plans for the listed chemicals in the NIP 2014 For the POPs Pesticides, the total elimination of the listed POPs pesticides remains the goal, thus the prohibition of importation and the disposal of stockpiles are the major measures to comply with the obligation to the SC. The important measures in the action plan are: 1. Immediately dispose the remaining known stockpiles of DDT and Endosulfan 2. Develop a policy recommendation for FPA to officially ban the importation, production, distribution, and use ofEndosulfan, and Lindane in the country. 3. Implement improvement in the monitoring and control of the reported illegal entry and use of the listed pesticides. The immediate goal for PFOS is to achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage and control the use of PFOS-containing products and wastes, The main obstacle to achieve the set goal is the lack of knowledge on the articles or products containing PFOS by the stakeholders in industry as well as by the public. A comprehensive inventory of PFOS in the articles used or produced in the country is necessary before any sound strategy to control or manage the chemical and its waste can be developed. The following activities are identified to obtain a comprehensive inventory of PFOs in the country: 1. Develop measures to strengthen policy on proper labelling of products/substances containing ES-4 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs PFOS and related chemicals within the GHS (Global Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemical) framework. 2. Training of personnel in the conduct of inventory of PFOS in key industry sectors. 3. Develop the capability to analyze PFOS in different products to validate the inventory. 4. Develop policy recommendations to enforce the disclosure of information relevant to the inventory of PFOS from the industrial sector. The immediate goal for PBDEs is to achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the elimination of PBDE-containing products and wastes and control the entry of PBDE-containing products in the country. The action plan for PBDEs includes the following; 1. Prepare a comprehensive inventory of c octaBDEs and c pentaBDEs. 2. Develop a policy recommendation to regulate the reuse and recycling of articles containing brominated diphenyl ethers. 3. Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation programs for handling, storage, and disposal ofWaste Electronics and Electrical Equipment (WEEEs) and End of Life Vehicles (ELV s) . The effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the total elimination and destruction of PCB­ containing products, equipment, and wastes remains the goal for PCBs. The following measures are part of the action plan for PCBs. 1. Update the profile of potential sources of PCBs in the country consisting of PCB owners, treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and servicing facilities. 2. Complete the registration of PCB owners and PCB service facilities. 3. Update the list oflaboratories for sampling and analysis of PCBs. 4. Conduct additional training for operators, owners of PCB-containing equipment on PCB storage and disposal. 5. Monitor the safe disposal of PCB oil, PCB contaminated equipment and PCB waste through the implementation of the CCO for PCBs. 6. Develop and implement incentives as part of the regulatory activity for electric utilities to comply with the phase-out of PCB. For UPOPs, the goal remains to achieve progressive reductions and continuous monitoring in the releases of dioxins and furans, and other unintentional POPs ( e.g., PeCBs) based on scientific knowledge. The action plan for this goal includes the following: 1. Create a publicly available updated catalogue and a database of information on the sources of release ofUPOPs, and emission factors significant in the country. 2. Sustain seminar workshops to LGUs (officials, farmers and households and women groups) to assist in promoting the implementation of BAT/BEP for unintentional POPs particularly in minimizing the release of dioxins/furans from open burning. 3. Establish a dioxin laboratory to support the enforcement of the provision on dioxins/furans in the Clean Air Act (RA8749). 4. Implement BAT /BEP in minimizing the release of/dioxins and furans in major sources of release. A comprehensive identification of all contaminated and potentially contaminated sites and the corresponding management strategies to protect public health and environment remains the goal for ES-5 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs contaminated sites. EMB shall be the lead agency in implementing the activities and actions addressing the national priorities for managing the POPs contaminated sites. The measures to achieve this goal include: 1. Review and update the criteria or guidelines to include sites potentially contaminated with newly identified POPs of concern such as endosulfan, PBDE and PFOS. 2. Strengthen the infrastructure (facilities and instrumentation) needed for the analysis of new POPs such as PFOS and PFOS-related substances and PBDE. 3. Develop a harmonized transparent and science-based risk assessment, risk management and risk communication procedure to manage contaminated sites 4. Conduct site-specific risk assessment on identified hotspots to prioritize sites for remediation. Activities to increase the awareness level of POPs in different sectors of the population have been incorporated in the enabling activities under the WB- IPOPs and UNIDO projects. However, there is still a need to intensify information dissemination to local government units, households, farmers and women groups about the listed pesticides and uncontrolled emissions of dioxins and furans. To achieve a high level of awareness and knowledge across all sectors on POPs management to support the implementation of the updated National Implementation Plan, the following measures among other media activities are identified: 1. Develop and maintain an on-line portal for dissemination of IEC materials that include documented testimonials, popularized technical reports, and risk studies. 2. Sustain a series of seminars and lectures to various organizations for both formal and non-formal organizations. 3. Sustain the participation in local, national, and international forums on POPs, including presentations during regular meetings of business associations. 4. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs in general and make them available as public information. 5. Develop policy recommendation to incorporate explicitly the topic of POPs in the implementing rules and regulation (IRR) of RA 9512 (an act to promote environmental awareness through environmental education). 6. Prepare training module of POPs for potential trainers among teachers and student leaders. Socio Economic Assessment of POPs and the National Implementation Plan The socio-economic assessment presented in this NIP is a simplistic analysis of the existing status of POPs, the known risks to the most vulnerable sectors and cost of risk reduction associated with the action plans to manage the POPs in the country. POPs have been linked to many health problems including endocrine disruption, reproductive and neurological effects and cancer. The most vulnerable sector to the adverse effects of POPs pesticides includes the farmers who apply these pesticides and child bearing mothers exposed to the pesticides at a critical period of formation of the fetus. The identified sectors that handle majority of the PFOS articles and other PFOS-related substances are industries with metal plating processes, electronics and semiconductor industries, textiles and carpets, paper and packaging industries, and fire-fighting substances. The most vulnerable sectors of society exposed to the hazards of PBDEs are those involved in recycling of electronic wastes and scavenging in dumpsites especially in the informal sector. The most vulnerable sector exposed to the hazards of PCBs are those working in electric utilities with transformers filled or contaminated with PCB oil and those in the business of retro filling old transformers with dielectric fluid. Dioxins and Furans ES-6 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs are the most toxic among the POPs listed in the Convention. These compounds are not produced commercially for any industrial use but can be formed as a result of burning of organic matter especially plastics and other substances with chlorine compounds. Since burning is a popular option in disposal of waste in households and in farms in the Philippines, an intensive education of the population most specially housewives and farmers on the adverse health effects of dioxins and furans could be the most effective way to reduce the production ofUPOPs. All humans and wildlife could be exposed to these chemicals through contaminated drinking water, food and air. The most important socio-economic benefit of POPs phase out is the protection of human health from the adverse effects of POPs. The phase out of POPs would result to a healthy environment and well being of the population. Wild life will be healthy and natural biodiversity will be preserved. Water bodies and the atmosphere will be less contaminated and will promote the health of all living things in the environment. The National Implementation Plan is the country's strategy to mitigate the health impacts of POPs. The projected defensive investment required over a 5-year period designed to reduce or eliminate POPs in the country is estimated at US$ 36.74 million. The cost estimates cover six basic types of cost items to effectively implement the action plans: (1) human resources, (2) facilities, (3) equipment, (4) services, (5) materials, and (6) miscellaneous costs. The cost estimates are based on the following key assumptions: a) the currency exchange rate is USD 1.00 to PhP 43 .00 b) sixteen (16) regions in the Philippines are included in the regional plans and c) contingency factor of 20% is assumed for all costs. ES-7 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1.1. THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION The Stockholm Convention (also referred to as the Convention) was adopted on 22 May 2001 and entered into force globally on 17 May 2004. Its main objective is to protect human health and the environment from POPs. The Convention focuses initially on the following twelve chemicals that are grouped into three categories, namely: • Pesticides aldrin, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene, andhexachlorobenzene (HCB) • Industrial chemicals - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs ), HCB, and mirex • Unintended by-products dioxins and furans, PCBs, and HCB The Convention requires its Parties to take measures to reduce or eliminate releases from intentional and unintentional production and use of these chemicals. These measures include the development and implementation of action plans to be able to fulfill the Party's obligations to the Convention. In summary, Parties to the Convention are obligated to: • Immediately ban production and use of all POPs pesticides except DDT • Restrict the use of DDT for vector control and aim to phase it out over time • Ban production and use of PCBs and hexachlorobenzene •Phaseout existing PCBs over the next 25 years • Dispose stockpiles of unwanted POPs • Reduce, with the ultimate aim of eliminating, unintentional POPs by-products ( dioxins, furans, PCBs, hexachlorobenzene) • Identify and manage contaminated sites. In 2009 and 2011 new chemicals are covered by the Stockholm Convention. The Convention requires parties to comply with the SC obligations specified in Table 1. Table 1.la. Annexes to chemicals covered by the Stockholm Convention 2001 2009 2011 Annex C Annex C Annex A AnnexB Unintentional Annex A AnnexB Unintentional Annex A for for Production for for Production for Elimination Restriction For Elimination Restriction For Elimination Reduction Reduction Alpha Perfluoro hexachloro- octane sulfonic Polychlorinated cyclohexane acid, its salt Penta Aldrin DDT dibenzo-p- (a HCH) (PFOA) and chlorobenzene Endosulfan dioxins and Beta perfluoro (PeCB) dibenzo furans hexacholo octanesulfonyl Cyclohexane fluoride (SHCH) (PFOS) 1 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Hexachloro Chlordane Benzene Chlordecone (HCB) Polychlorinated Hexabromo Dieldrin Biphenyls biphenyl (PCBs) Hexabromo diphenyl ether Endrin and haptabromo diphenyl ether ( commercial octa PBDE) Heptachlor Lindane Hexachloro Pentachloro benzene benzene Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts Toxaphene (PFOA) and Perfluoro octanesulfonyl fluoride (PFOS) Tetrabromo diphenyl ether Polychlorinated and pentabromo Biphenyls diphenyl ether ( commercial penta PBDE) Parties to the Convention are obligated to adopt additional measures to include the development and implementation of action plans to: • Immediately ban production and use of all the new POPs pesticides in 2009 Annex A. • Immediately ban production and use of PFOS and PFOA, Hexabromobiphenyl, Hexabromodiphenyl ether and haptabromodiphenyl ether ( commercial octa PBDE) and Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether ( commercial pentabromodiphenyl ether) in 2009 Annex A. • Restrict the use PFOS and PFOA in 2009 Annex B • Reduce, with the ultimate aim of eliminating, unintentional POPs pentachlorobenzene in 2009 Annex C 2 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs • Identify and manage contaminated sites Parties are also obliged to share information, promote information dissemination and awareness, and undertake research, monitoring and surveillance of future POPs. The Convention recognizes that many Parties will need technical and financial assistance to meet their obligations. Parties will establish appropriate arrangements to provide technical assistance and promote the transfer of technology to developing country Parties and Parties with economy in transition to assist them in fulfilling their obligations. 1.2. PURPOSE OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN As a party to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the Philippines has prepared this updated National Implementation Plan that outlines the Government's programs to meet its obligations under the Convention, as well as to address the specific issues on POPs in the country. Specifically, the National Implementation Plan aims to: • Outline the country's National Objectives for the reduction and elimination of POPs production, importation, use, and releases • Define the country's priorities and position to reduce and eliminate POPs releases • Design programs to remove barriers to the effective implementation of POPs phase out and release reduction measures under the Convention • Plan programs for information exchange, public education, communication, and awareness ra1smg • Enhance capacity through capability building as required, including institutional strengthening, training, equipment, legal and regulatory measures, enforcement, monitoring, etc. • Design programs to identify the need for any country-specific exemptions and, if necessary, prepare a report to the Convention justifying this need • Outline the needs for transfer of technology and know-how and/or enhanced use and development of indigenous knowledge and alternatives and the estimated costs of needed investments With the assistance of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), the Philippines, through the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), implemented enabling activity projects to assist the country to identify the programs and measures the country can adopt to comply with its obligations to the Stockholm Convention. 1.3. THE RATIONALE OF THE NIP REVIEW AND UPDATE Between 2009 and 2011, 10 new POPs were listed in the Stockholm Convention. To comply with the country's obligation under Article 7 of the Stockholm Convention, it is necessary to review the progress of the goals and programs for the old POPs in the NIP in 2006 and to update the NIP to include action plans for the new POPs. 3 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1.4 . METHODOLOGY IN FORMULATING THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Building upon the results of several POPs projects being implemented in the Philippines, the Updated National Implementation Plan was prepared taking into consideration the various aspects of Philippine environmental laws including gender sensitivity issues, other commitments in global environmental protocols and the priority needs in addressing POPs issues in the country. To facilitate the update of the NIP, the Philippine government, through the DENR- EMB, implemented the following activities: 1. Engaged the services of a consultant group under the UNIDO POPs program to: a) assess the implementation of the action plans in the NIP of2006 and identify gaps and priority areas of concern b) survey the historical and current use of the new POPs pesticides c) conduct an initial inventory of PFOS and PBDEs using the UNEP guidelines and to identify issues to address to make a more complete inventory d) survey public awareness of the new POPs e) identify areas of concern for the management of new POPs and identify priority action plans for management of the new POPs 2. Created the multi sectoral National Steering Committee (NSC) through S.O. No. 030 for the drafting of the final Updated NIP with members composed of government organizations, industry organizations and the academe. The members of the NSC include the Bureau oflmport Services (DTI), the United Nations and International Organization (DFA), the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (DA), the Food and Drug Administration (DOH), the Environmental Protection Unit of Customs (BOC), the Industrial Technology Development Institute (DOST), the Commission on Higher Education, the Bureau ofWorking Condition (DOLE), the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (industry sector), the Samahan sa Pilipinas ng mga Industriya ng Kimika (SPIK) ( industry sector) and the UP Natural Sciences Research Institute (academe). 3. Convened a series of NSC meetings to discuss the results of the activities of the consultant as the study was in progress 4. Convened the NSC to discuss the final draft of the updated NIP. 5. Finalized the updated NIP. 4 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1.5. SUMMARY OF ISSUES ON POPs In the NIP 2006, the following are identified as the most important issues on POPs: • Completion of the inventory of POPs including stockpiles and wastes • Identification and management of POPs-contaminated sites • Monitoring and surveillance of health status relevant to potential impacts of POPs • Screening, enforcement, and monitoring of present and potential POPs chemicals • Management and disposal of POPs-contaminated equipment (PCBs) • Enforcement of existing laws relative to dioxin and furan emissions • Lack of understanding and knowledge on POPs • Limited capacity to monitor dioxins and furans releases These issues are attributed to weak enforcement of the existing policy and legal requirements, thereby resulting in a lack of compliance by the regulated communities. Weak enforcement has been attributed to lack of resources, namely: sufficient, knowledgeable, and skilled manpower, physical infrastructures, and most importantly financial resources. The low level of compliance, on the other hand, is rooted to the lack of awareness, knowledge, and competence of the regulated communities. The most pressing issues identified in the NIP 2006 are the inventory and safe destruction of PCBs in the electric sector, the inventory of UPOPs and the low level of awareness of POPs of the general population and the concerned electric sector. The Integrated Management of Persistent Organic Pollutants (IPOPs) project was undertaken with the assistance of the World Bank to address these concerns. At present, the country still faces most of the issues identified in NIP 2006. With respect to the twelve initial POPs, the following are specific issues that need to be addressed: 1. Survey among farmers indicated the use of some of the banned POPs pesticides. Although the known POPs pesticide stockpiles collected by FPA were disposed of safely, more efforts have to be done to obtain a more comprehensive national inventory of stockpiles of initial POPs pesticides in the municipal levels. 2. The updated inventory of dioxins and furans indicated high contributions from open burning, manufacturing facilities and power plants. The development of the technical capability to verify dioxins and furans in these facilities is necessary to validate the inventory and to establish a more defined legal regulatory framework for dioxins and furan. 3. There are many potential contaminated sites with dioxins and furans including open dumpsites and landfills. A more comprehensive identification of contaminated sites with dioxins and furans is necessary to prioritize activities on awareness and education, environmental and health monitoring and BAT /BEP interventions. 4. The training activities under the IPOPs and UNIDO projects, have contributed to the greater awareness of PCB owners of the regulations of the Chemical Control Order (CCO) for PCBs. There is a need to put in place an efficient system for registration and monitoring of the 5 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs implementation of the CCO for PCBs. With respect to the ten new POPs. The following issues are identified: 1. The initial inventory of PF OS based on importation data maybe overestimated because the system of labeling for imported categories of products identified by the UNEP Guidance on PFOS inventory that may contain PFOs, is not specific for articles in the same category that actually contain PFOS. A better system of labeling of products and substances containing new POPs within the GHS framework is necessary to obtain a more accurate initial inventory of imported POPs. 2. A regulatory action to ban the use of new POPs pesticides Lindane, Chlordecone and Endosulfan for all purposes is not yet done. 3. Verified reports on the availability of Endosulfan through illegal entry to the country calls for strengthening ofborder controls and surveillance. 4. The present awareness of PFOS and PBDEs as hazardous substances and the knowledge of the articles that may contain these chemicals are very low even for the industrial sector. Greater cooperation and coordination in the exchange of information between manufacturers, suppliers, importers, customs officials and end users should be facilitated by the SC. 5. The development of the technical capability in the country to identify PFOS in articles and contaminated sites is necessary to obtain a more accurate inventory of PFOS that will aid in the legal and regulatory action on the importation, use and disposal of articles with PFOS. 6. The efficient implementation of the regulations on the disposal of electronic waste is needed to safely dispose electronic parts that may contain PFOS and PBDEs. Activities to increase the awareness level of POPs in different sectors of the population have been incorporated in the enabling activities under the IPOPs and UNIDO projects. However, there is still a need to intensify information dissemination to local government units, households and farmers about the listed pesticides and uncontrolled emissions of dioxins and furans. Activities on environmental monitoring of POPs remain in the non-government and academic sectors. The EMB, as the regulatory body for POPs, has started acquiring the equipment for analysis of PFOS and Dioxins and Furans. Amore regular monitoring of the environment and health impacts of POPs pesticides, PCBs, UPOPs and PF Os and PBDEs has yet to be organized. 1.6. STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN The NIP document is divided into four parts: Chapter 1 -- Introduction, which provides information about the commitment of the Philippines to the Convention. 6 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Chapter 2 -- Country Baseline, which describes the profile of the Philippines and the present situation in the country with regard to POPs Chapter 3 -- Goals and Action Plans of the National Implementation Plan Chapter4--Economic and Social Impacts ofPOPs and the National Implementation Plan 7 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs CHAPTER 2 COUNTRY BASELINE AND ASSESSMENT OF POPs ISSUES National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2.1. COUNTRY BASELINE 2.1.1. COUNTRY PROFILE The Philippines is an independent republic in the southeast rim of Asia with a land area of 300,400 sq. km. It is an archipelago lying about 966 km off the southern coast of Asia with over 7,000 islands, of which only 400 are permanently inhabited,. The archipelago is bounded by West Philippine Sea, Pacific Ocean, Sulu Sea, and Celebes Sea. Philippines 0 0 20011111 1501111 San .. San Sou I T C 'I na 20' Ph lippine Sea 18' 12" 8' balO • Tag..-n . . ·Kor ,Jolo 7celebes Sea Fig.2.1.la Map of the Philippines 2.1.2. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PROFILE The islands are grouped into three geographic regions, namely: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Figure 2.1.la shows the map of the Philippines. The Philippines has the longest discontinuous coastline in the world around 34,600 km. Marine life and coral reefs are abundant in the waters around the Philippines, supporting a major fishing industry in the coastal waters. There are 132 rivers and 59 lakes, which serve as valuable sources offish, transportation, and irrigation water. The populationin2010 is 92,337,852 with an average growth rate of 1.9% The three geographic regions of the country are Luzon in the north, Visayas in the central region, and Mindanao in the south. It has 17 political regions, 79 provinces, 115 cities, 1,495 municipalities, and 41,956 barangays or villages. Executive authority is vested on the President of the Philippines. Legislative authority is vested on the Congress of the Philippines, which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, except to the extent reserved to the people by the provision on initiative and referendum. The Senate is composed of 24 members elected nationwide and limited to two consecutive six-year terms while the House of 8 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Representatives consists of 195 elected members and 17 sectoral representatives. They are limited to three consecutive three-year terms. Judicial authority is vested on the Supreme Court and such lower courts as may be established by law. The barangays, municipalities, cities and provinces are the official components of the country's local government units (LGUs). The governance and administration of the LGUs are provided with local autonomy. Most national programs are implemented by the LGUs by virtue of decentralization of services as provided by Republic Act 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of the Philippines. The Philippines is still a developing economy and an emerging market. Agriculture, Industries and Services are the major contributors to the economy with 12.4%, 31.3% and 56.4% respectively. Table 2.1.2a shows some economic indicators for the Philippines (NSO, 2013) and Table 2-1-2b shows the growth rate of the important economic activities in 2012 and 2013. Table 2.1.2a. Economic indicators for the Philippines INDICATOR Gross National Income,% Growth Gross Domestic Product, % Growth Export, US$ millions Imports, US$ millions Headline Inflation Rate, % Core Inflation Rate, % Underemployment Rate,% Unemployment Rate, % 3Q 2013 7.8 7.0 4292 4824 4.1 3.2 17.9 6.5 3Q2012 7.3 7.3 3611 5277 3.0 2.9 19.0 6.8 Table 2.1.2b. Growth rate of important economic activities in 2012-2013 Industry 1. AGRI., HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING a. Agriculture and forestry Crops as rice, com, coconut, and sugar, vegetables and fruits Poultry and livestock b. Fishing 2. INDUSTRY SECTOR a. Mining & Quarrying b. Manufacturing Food and beverage Wearing Apparel and footwear Handicrafts & Furniture Machinery Petroleum products and coal for power generation Chemicals for drugs and personal care 9 Annual Growth Rate 2011-12 2.8 3.6 0.4 7.3 2.2 5.4 2012-13 1.1 1.2 0.7 9.3 1.2 10.3 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Electronics, including semi-conductors Iron and steel c. Construction 18.2 9.6 d. Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 5.3 4.9 3. SERVICE SECTOR 7.4 7.2 a. Transport, Storage & Communication 8.1 5.6 b. Trade and Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal and Household Goods 7.6 5.7 c. Financial Intermediation 8.2 12.6 d. R. Estate, Renting & Business Activities 6.4 8.7 e. Public Administration & Defense; Compulsory Social Security 5.7 3.8 f. Tourism and Other Services 7.6 7.1 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 6.8 7.2 GROSS NATIONAL INCOME 6.4 7.5 2.2. EXISTING LEGISLATIONS AND REGULATIONS ADDRESSING POPs The Philippines became a party to the Convention on February 27, 2004. On May 27, 2004, the Convention entered into force in the Philippines. There are a number oflegal and regulatory issuances that address POPs. These are: 1. Presidential Decree 1144 - Creating the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority and Abolishing the Fertilizer Industry Authority Included in the mandate ofFPA is to regulate and monitor production, importation, distribution and use of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in the country. 2. Republic Act 6969 or The Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act This law regulates, restricts, or prohibits the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use, and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment; prohibits the entry, even in transit, of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their disposal into Philippine territorial limits for whatever purpose. 3. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources issued Administrative Order 29, Series of 1992, which covers the Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 6969. Under this order, the Priority Chemical List requires registration of chemicals that pose unreasonable risk to public health, workplace, and the environment. Of the 12 initial POPs chemicals, three are included in the Priority Chemicals List and these are PCB, Mirex, and Hexachlorobenzene. 4. The Chemical Control Order (CCO) for PCB which took effect on March 2004. The CCO for PCBs provides guidelines for the phase out of PCBs and PCB-containing materials. It aims to reduce and eliminate the importation, manufacture, sale, transfer, distribution, and use of PCBs, PCB equipment, 10 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs PCB-contaminated equipment, non-PCB equipment, PCB articles, and PCB packaging and to regulate the transport, treatment, and disposal of PCBs and PCB wastes, to protect human health and the environment. The CCO for PCB establishes requirements, procedures, and limitations for the importation, manufacture, use, and proper treatment, storage, and disposal of PCBs, PCB equipment, PCB-contaminated equipment, non-PCB equipment, PCB articles and PCB packaging, and subsequent release of PCBs and PCB wastes. It also requires the establishment of a compliance monitoring program to enforce the provisions of the Order. 5. Republic Act 8749 or The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 The only regulation which has explicit provisions on the reduction and measurement of dioxins and furans releases into the environment from various sources. It sets the standard concentration limit in air for the emission of dioxins and furans at 0.1 nanogram per normal cubic meter (ng/Nm3) for treatment facilities using non-bum technologies. 6. Republic Act 9003 or The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of the Philippines Through Section 48 of the Prohibited Acts ofRepublicAct 9003, open burning of solid wastes is strictly prohibited. Segregation and sorting of solid wastes will result in the recycling and re-use of materials that are precursors in the formation of unintentional POPs (like plastics and other chlorine-containing materials). The common practice of open burning of household wastes and agricultural residues contribute greatly to the releases of dioxins and furans in all environmental media. Industries under the Act are encouraged to adopt pollution prevention/cleaner production measures, which should also assist to reduce or eliminate releases of unintentional POPs. 2.3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES GOVERNMENTAL INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN POPs MANAGEMENT The two agencies that are mandated to address intentional and unintentional POPs are the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) and the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (FPA). Brief summaries of their functions are presented below: Environmental Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources • Most of the environment laws are implemented by the EMB as a line bureau, and enforcement and compliance monitoring are being executed by its Regional Offices in 16 Regions of the country. • Under Republic Act 8749, the EMB is tasked to establish the inventory of all POPs sources in the country and develop short-term and long-term national government programs for its reduction and elimination, particularly the unintentional POPs Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority of the Department of Agriculture • Through Presidential Decree 1144, the FPA is mandated to regulate and monitor production, importation and use of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in the country. • FPA is mandated to register and issue licenses to pesticide importers, formulators, and reformulators. 11 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2.4. POPs PROJECTS IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines availed of the funding assistance provided by the Global Environment Facility for capacity building on the regulatory framework, monitoring and phase out of POPs. The country also participated in regional initiatives to enhance its technical capability to generate environmental data on POPs. Table 2.4.1 lists the foreign-assisted POPs projects in the Philippines. Table 2.4.1. List of foreign assisted POPs projects in the Philippines Funding Agency Objective(s) Project Activities Current Status Planned Activities until Name of Project/ the end of Project Implementing Agency Date of Implementation l. GEF- World To reduce Dioxins/ The IPOPs project Capacity building Restructuring is being proposed Bank Furans, and to is comprised of activities for as part of the Medium Term phase-out PCBs, Components 1-4 effective Review (MTR) to adopt and Integrated POPs and Contaminated that deal with management of address the current gaps and to Management Sites programs on D/F, POPs and for effectively implement the target PCBs and policy formulations objectives and deliverables. EMB To conduct Contaminated related to POPs are research/study on Sites and of on-gomg Sustainability Plan shall be (2010-2017) POPs and Component 5 that required for each of the contribute to deals with the Components' deliverables and chemical management of for the project as a whole. management the implementation policies. of the project ( enumerated below) Component l To strengthen the Development of an The revised CCO EMB is planning to set up a Strengthening regulatory and Executive Order for PCBs with laboratory for D/F PFOS/PFOA Regulatory monitoring (E.O.) for POPs updated schedule to support its own monitoring Framework and capacity for of PCB phase out activities to strengthen its Capacity Building phasing out POPs The completed in December 31, regulatory function. for POPs use and for Draft Guidelines 2019 has been Monitoring reducing POPs from each recommended. A national health monitoring exposure and Components 2-4 program is being organized releases. will be endorsed to Guidelines for under this project. Component l for Contaminated Site possible EO. Identification, Remediation and Site Control have been drafted for approval ofEMB. The capacity of EMB to monitor POPs to support the regulatory 12 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs framework is being strengthened. OneEMB technical personnel has undergone training for analysis ofD/F in Woodshole Laboratory in the U.S. TheEMB central laboratory is to provide space and equipment for POPs analysis. Component2 To improve the Update the Completed the 3rd Under this component, new Reduction of understanding of National Inventory National Inventory proposals are being prepared Releases of UPOPs products of Dioxins and for Dioxins and to replace the activity and Unintentionally of industrial Furans. Furans using the objective on Establishment of Produced POPs processes or latest UNEP Emission Factor incomplete burning Demonstration of Toolkit. The application of Inventory is To demonstrate BAP/BEP in targeted for how such releases reducing dioxins publication by from open burning and furans in August 2014. The of solid waste can dumpsites and target activity of be reduced. open burning. establishing local emission factors was not pursued. Depending on compliance with the Social Development Plan (SDP) requirement of the project, the LGUs ofLegazpi, Cabanatuan, Butuan, Bacolod, and General Santos may receive funding to apply BAP/BEP to stop and prevent combustion of solid wastes at their identified dump sites ( 100% level) and at source communities (25% level) 13 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Component 3 To assist 800 PCB Training of PCB PCBs Trainors Submission and implementation Management of owners in phasing owners on the Training for 40 of their management plans. Polychlorinated out PCBs in an following: multi stakeholders' Biphenyls (PCB) environmentally - Registration in the representative was Sustain the validation of the safe manner EMB database held in Subic Bay. reports of the PCB owners on Identification and These trainors inventory and PCB management To strengthen the inventory of PCB conducted the towards the achievement of DENR oversight equipment training of PCB complete phase out of PCBs. function of the - Environmentally owners. on-site safe management management ofPCBs Nineteen (19) practices of PCB - Requirements and trainings were owners. schedule of conducted to PCB complete owners on treatment of PCBs registration, and PCB waste inventory of PCB according to the equipment revised CCO for environmentally PCBs. safe management of PCBs and the Training of EMB requirements of the staff on the revised CCO for validation of the PCBs. management reports submitted Around 230 PCB by PCB owners owners have in compliance with registered in the the CCO for new database and PCBs. have submitted inventory of PCB equipment. Training for Enforcers (EMB CO & Ros) of the CCO forPCBs that will focus on monitoring of PCB inventory and PCB Management Plan of PCB owners will be done this September, 2014. Component 4 To strengthen the Formulate a The guideline for The project plans to demonstrate Identification and country's enabling guideline for the conduct of Site Control Measures in two Remediation of capacity to reduce identifying POPs national inventory selected contaminated sites. POPs the risks posed by contaminated of contaminated Contaminated environmental sites sites was drafted. Site remediation will be done at Sites POPs Wagner Aviation, Subic Bay contamination by Formulate a The guideline for Freeport Zone under the identifying guideline for site the Site administration of Subic Bay contaminated sites; remediation and Remediation and Management Authority (SBMA) establishing a site control Site Control was strategic drafted 14 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs framework, Ten contaminated technical sites have been guidelines, and identified as professional contaminated sites capacity to help and are potential address them; and sites for building public remediation. knowledge and awareness 2. GEF-UNIDO To deploy a Build and In November 2011, The facility will accept PCBs Non Com Project commercially commission the the commissioning from PCB owners for UNIDO and available, proven non combustion of the Non-Com destruction EMB non-combustion sodium based de- POPs Facility 2009 2014 technology to chlorination started, and until address 1,500 tons technology of March 2014, the of PCBs (PCB- Kinetrics, Inc., a following have contaminated oil Canadian-based already been and PCB- company treated in the containing facility: equipment). Conduct Pre- - 51.75 tons of low project activities level PCBs ranging on: from (40-10,000 a. Environmental mg/kg) were monitoring for treated to less trace metals, than 2 ppm VOCs, SVOCs - 128-kg of high in sites around level PCB (Askarel, and within the 450,000 mg/kg facility Aroclor 1260) was b. Inventory of treated to less than PCB equipment 2ppm and oil for - 208.6-kg of pure potential PCBs were treated treatment in the to less than 2 ppm facility - Decontamination c. IEC campaign of 5 .4 tons of for awareness PCBs-containing ofPOPs, and equipment to less support for the than 1 OU g/100 operation of the cm2 facility 3. GEF-UNIDO To reduce POPs Pilot demonstrated Submitted for Training to be conducted on releases by BAT/BEP in a publication Study future trainers and the academe Best Available building capacity coal-fired power on Market and (i.e. teachers, professors) on Techniques and toward the plant in Zambales Trends on the Use "Green Boiler" technology Best implementation of of Wood and Environmental BAT/BEP Pilot-tested a Biomass as Boiler Practices (BAT/ measures for fossil newly developed Fuels in the BEP) in fossil fuel-fired utilities boiler technology Philippines fuel-fired utilities and industrial curriculum for and industrial boilers. engmeenng On going boilers in students of the efficiency 15 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs response to the University of Sto. monitoring of the Stockholm Tomas. Pilot site's boilers Convention on POPs Training on Safe Operation and UNIDO/EMB Maintenance of Boilers for Boiler 2011-2014 Operators Project Extension up to 2015 4. GEF-UNIDO To update and Review the 2006 The first draft of Action Plans cited in the NIP Review an review the NIP the updated NIP Updated NIP for the next 5 years Update Project National Prepare the Initial has been reviewed will be monitored and part of Implementation Inventory of the by the National the work and financial plan EMB/UNIDO/ Plan (NIP), and New POPs Steering (WFP) of the Chemical De La Salle have it endorsed Conduct the Committee (NSC) Management Section (CMS). University and submitted by priority setting of for Updating the the Government the action plans NIP 2012-2014 to the COP of the for the updated Stockholm NIP The draft is Convention. undergoing a second review by the NSC. 4. MINISTRY To enhance the Training of the Monitored As part of the regional network OF capacity of the staff of EMB and Organochlorine the country is tasked to initiate ENVIRONMENT country to monitor UPNSRion Pesticides in Mount the development of the OF JAPAN POPs in air sampling POPs Sto Tomas in analytical method for PFOS/ in ambient air Benguet in 2006 PFOAin air. Monitoring POPs To generate data and 2011 and in Air in SEA on POPs in air in Analysis of air submitted the data The participating countries are the background samples in Japan to the East Asia encouraged to develop the EMB/UP/SRI- sampling site and Environmental regional monitoring testing capability for POPs in Research and to contribute to and Sanitation network. air and are expected to be able Analytical the regional data Center. to do the sampling and Services for the Global Monitoring of monitoring of POPs in air Laboratory Monitoring OCPs in independently; to be able to obligation to the background air is continue contributing to the ( continuing from SC on going in other Global Monitoring Program of since 2005) countries assigned the SC. to generate data for this year and additional monitoring for dioxins and furans for some members with the capacity to analyze D/F 16 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 6. UNITED To enhance the Training of the The Philippines The regional network continues NATIONS capacity of the staff of UP NSRI has contributed to meet annually to discuss the UNIVERSITY country to monitor on the analysis of environmental data results of the monitoring project (TOKYO) POPs in the OCPs in water, on POPs to the of the year and to plan for the coastal hydrosphere sediments and UNU since 1999. monitoring project for the next UNU Regional biota, PCBs in year. Monitoring of To generate data water, PBDEs in The most recent POPs in East on POPs in water, sediments and data submitted The network decides on what Asian sediments and PFOS in water were on PFOs/ analysis to monitor depending Hydrosphere biota and using analytical PFOA in industrial on the demand for the capacity contribute to the methods that are effluents and river building based on the UP/NSRI- regional data on harmonized for the water in 2014. chemicals listed by the SC. Research and POPs in the reg10n. Analytical hydrosphere The capability gained by the Service Contribute POPs project is available to other Laboratory environmental groups interested to conduct data to the the POPs analysis by training ( continuing since regional data base or consultation. 1999) atUNU. The data generated by the project is shared to EMB (Focal Person of the SC) as possible tool to help manage POPs in the country. 2.5. ASSESSMENT OF THE POPS ISSUE IN THE PHILIPPINES This section provides information on the present status and progress of compliance of the country to its obligation to the SC. 2.5.1. Present Status (2013) of the Nine Initial Pesticides a. Regulatory Enforcement • Through a number of Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority circulars, six of the nine POPs pesticides were already banned, Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor Toxaphene were banned in 1989 and Chlordane was banned in 1999. • In 2005, DDT was officially banned by FPA at the request of the Department of Health. • Mirex and hexachlorobenzene have yet to be officially banned. b. Stockpiles The NIP 2006 reported the pesticides stockpile in Table 2.5. la 17 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 2.5.la. Stockpile ofinitial pesticides in NIP 2006 Pesticide Storage Area Quantity Aldrin FPA Central Office 2L Chlordane FPA Central Office 58 L Chlordane Zuellig Warehouse 58 L Other pesticide mixture Various FPA Warehouses 21,457 L DDT DOH Regional Office 1,116 L • In August 2008 all confiscated banned, unregistered and fake pesticides were transported to the Integrated Waste Management, Inc. in Trece Martirez, Cavite for disposal through high thermal combustion (FPA Report). Included in this disposal are the stockpiles of POPs Aldrin and Chlordane under the care of the FPA office and the 58 liters of Chlordane at Zuellig warehouse. All the identified stockpiles for the POPs pesticides in the 2006 NIP except for DDT have been disposed. • The 1,116 kg of DDT stockpile identified at DOH in the 2006 NIP is tracked in an unverified report to be under the jurisdiction of the Administrative Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). There is no available information if this stockpile has been disposed. c. Importation • There are no importation data for the 9 initial POPs pesticides from 2004 to the present. Several POPs pesticides are recorded with the same AHTN Code. Aldrin, Chlordane and Heptachlor were listed under same code of2903.82.00; DDT and Hexachlorobenzene were listed with same code of2903 .92.00. The system of coding makes it difficult to track the importation ofindividual POPs through the Bureau of Customs (BOC) records. • The capacity of the BOC and the Philippine Coast Guard to check and regulate the entry of prohibited goods is limited. Interviews indicate that illegal chemicals are also smuggled into the country through identified "backdoors" such as Zamboanga, Tawi-Tawi, Ilocos Region, and Batanes. Pesticides entered through the backdoors, if any, are stored in small distributor warehouses in the provinces. It is not clear whether these distributors are FPA- registered. d.Use • Surveys among farmers conducted in 2006 revealed that DDT, dieldrin, endrin and chlordane were still used even after they were banned. • A report from fishpond communities by the NGO Fisherfolk Toxics in July 2005 to April 2006 indicated that aldrin and heptachlor were still occasionally used and were still sold openly and discreetly. 18 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs e. Environmental Monitoring • Information on contamination of various environmental matrices with the banned POPs pesticides was obtained from monitoring studies conducted by various researchers. • Traces of DDT (0.531:: 0.28 ng/g) and chlordane (0.26:f: 0.28ng/g) were detected in sediments in Manila Bay ( Carvalhoe et al, 1999. Arch Environ Con tam To xi col, 57, 3483 5 8). Monitoring of sediments in Laguna rivers between 2003-2005 showed endrin and metabolites at 89-155 ng/g and dieldrin at 6-7 ng/g. In the same study, sediments in Pangasinan rivers showed gamma BHC at 20-39 ng/g and endrin and metabolites at 11-24 ng/g (Santiago, E. Landbase, UNU data base on Monitoring of POPs in the East Asian Hydrosphere, report from the Philippines). ·The environmental baseline survey for the Non Combustion Facility detected in marine sediments the OCPs alpha chlordane (0.07 µg/g), heptachlor (0.041 µg/g) and heptachlor epoxide (0.09lµg/g) at the PNOC outfall, gamma BHC (lindane? µg/g) and heptachlor epoxide (0.0lO0µg/g) at the mouth ofLamao River, beta-BHC (0.005µg/g), delta-BHC (0.021 µg/g), alpha chlordane (0.006µg/g), heptachlor (0.104µg/g), heptachlor epoxide (0.016µg/g) at the Resettlement Area and delta BHC (0.007µg/g) and Heptachlor Epoxide (0.007µg/g) near the Jetty area. The concentrations of OCPs in groundwater measured in resettlement area, Ba tan gas II and resettlement spring were 0.16 µg/L, 0.59 µg/L and 0.37 µg/L respectively. (Ref: Report on Environmental Sampling for the Non Combustion Facility) • Recent surveys ofrivers in Davao (Quijano et al, 2012, Interface Development Interventions) showed high concentrations of some OCPs in water: aldrin (7. 71 ng/L) DDT and metabolites ( 1 52 ng/L ), dieldrin (12-3 lng/L ), heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide (0.86-1.0 ng/L) and endosulfan sulphate (24 ng/L ). • Survey of organochlorine pesticides in air in Davao in 2012 (Quijano et al, 2012, Interface Development Interventions) reported concentrations for aldrin (27 ng/m3), gamma chlordane (24 ng/m3), dieldrin (58-89 ng/m3), endrin ketone (85-115 ng/m3), heptachlor /heptachlor epoxide ( 4 2-13 7 ng/m3 ), and DDT and metabolites ( 40-13 8 ng/m3). On the other hand, a survey of organochlorine pesticides in air in Mt Sto Tomas, Baguio, considered the background site of the country for pollution studies, detected trans chlordane (6.5 ng/m3), cis chlordane (3.96 ng/m3 ), trans nonachlor (3 .11 ng/m3 ), heptachlor (2.23 ng/m3 ), dieldrin (0. 97 ng/m3) and DDT and metabolites (0.03-0.82 ng/m3) (Santiago, E. 2011. POPs in Air in East Asia Country report from the Philippines). This survey also detected a very high concentration of hexachlorobenzene (104 ng/m3) which could be attributed to unintentional release possibly from other sources since this is not registered in the country as a pesticide. • The traces of pesticides found may be remnants of usage prior to banning, considering that these pesticides are persistent. Nonetheless, the possibility cannot be discounted that banned pesticides are still being used. 19 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2.5.2. Present Status ofPCBs (2013) a. Regulatory Enforcement • The CCO for PCBs is the main regulatory enforcement framework to comply with the country's obligation to PCBs in the Stockholm Convention. The CCO on PCBs set and reiterate the phase­ out of PCB equipment by 2014. • A Memorandum Circular for PCBs, Supplemental Guidelines for the Chemical Control Order (CCO) for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) was already drafted and for approval. • The DENR, through EMB issued an administrative order DAO 2013-22, "Revised Procedures and Standards for the Management of Hazardous Waste (Revising DAO 2004-36) ". This procedural manual applies to management of PCBs wastes. • The "Code of Practice on the Management of PCBs ". was published in November 2008 by DENR as part of the support component of the Non Com POPs Project to serve as a guide to the identification, removal, handling, storage, treatment and disposal of PCB wastes, including tools and strategies to manage the environmental and health impacts associated with these wastes. • The DENR-EMB is undertaking the World Bank-assisted Integrated POPs Management Project to achieve the country's goals for PCBs, This project would speed up the completion of the national inventory of PCBs, assist the PCB owners in the environmentally sound management (ESM) and disposal of PCBs, and strengthen EMB 's capability to validate the reports submitted by the PCB owners and enforce the CCO. b. Stockpile • The NIP 2006 reported an inventory of 7,840 units of transformers with 84.1 % coming from electric utilities (Table 2.5.2a). In this report, 12.9 % are in servicing facilities for decontamination. The initial inventory indicated that a total of 2,400,560 kg PCB oil were present from different industrial sectors. (Table 2.5 .2b) • The NIP 2006 reported a total of 2,401 tons of PCB oil and 4,479 tons of PCB equipment (dry weight). The bulk of PCB equipment is with the electric utilities, comprising of 1,309 tons PCB oil and 2,788 tons of equipment (dry weight). About 95.0 % of the PCB oil accounted for this industry is assumed PCB while 5.0% of the oil was positively identified as PCBs. Approximately 19% of the assumed PCB oil from the electric utilities is stored in drums. This stockpile is based on survey/projection. 20 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 2.5.2a. Transformer equipment in the initial survey in NIP 2006 Source Category In Use Out of For Decontamination Total Service Units % Units % Units % Units % Electric Utilities 6,484 97.4 118 66.0 6,602 84.1 Commercial Buildings 13 0.2 12 6.7 25 0.3 Industrial Establishments/ 150 2.3 35 19.6 185 2.4 Manufacturing Plants Military Camps and Bases 6 0.1 5 2.8 11 0.1 Servicing Facilities 1,017 100 1,017 12.9 Table 2.5.2b. Stockpile of PCBs in the initial survey in NIP 2006 Industry Categories PCB Oil (kg) Equipment Dry Total Weight, kg Weight, kg Electric Utilities and Cooperatives 1,620,310 2,788,040 4,408,350 Commercial Buildings 34,723 83,454 118,177 Industrial Establishments/ 525,399 1,098,726 1,624,125 Manufacturing Plants Military Camps and Bases 3,516 8,204 11,720 Servicing Facilities 191,397 445,121 636,518 Hospitals 25,215 55,191 80.406 Total 2,400,560 4,478,736 6,879,296 Table 2.5.2c. Summary of PCB inventory for all companies/entities in 2010 Source No. of No. of No. of No. of Total Weight Total Quantity Category Equipment Non-PCB Free-PCB Equipment of Equipment of PCB Containing Equipment Equipment with Unknown Containing Wastes PCB PCB PCB Oil (kg) Generated (kg) Concentration Manufacturing 17 1,859 1,872 7 17,404.00 1,290.24 Power 25 2,069 2,093 24 71,611.73 130,812.60 Generation 21 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Electric Distribution 948 52,917 53,865 940 160,694.63 222.00 Sale/ Distribution 0 71 71 0 0.00 0.00 of Electrical Rquipment Retro filling/ Retrofitting of 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 Transformer Waste Storage/ Treatment/ 0 6 6 0 0.00 0.00 Disposal Waste 0 6 6 0 0.00 0.00 Transport Commercial l 2 3 l 0.00 0.00 Buildings Others Total* 15 2,483 2,493 15 0.00 129,676.60 1,005 58,048 59,043 986 249,710.36 262,001.40 • Based on the registration of PCB owners submitted as compliance to CCO, the inventory of PCBs in 2010 showed that the electric sector contributes to 64 % of the total weight of equipment containing PCB oil followed by the power plants at 29% and the manufacturing sector at 7 % (Table 2.5.2c ). The partial registration indicated that the biggest contributors to PCBs come from electric distribution, power plants and manufacturing plants. • The inventory of the transformer units from the Ceo registration in 2010 indicated a total of 11,900 transformers against the 7,840 units from the initial inventory in the NIP 2006. In the 2010 inventory, 98% (117,091 units) are PCB free and Non-PCB transformers while 2% (1991 units) contained PCB oil or contaminated with PCB oil. • The information in the registration for CCO compliance is being updated to reflect the classification of the transformer equipment according to its PCB content; whether it is a PCB equipment (PCB>500 ppm, PCB containing equipment (50 ppm< PCB< 500 ppm), non PCB equipment (2 ppm= PCB< 50 ppm), or PCB-free equipment (PCB< 2 ppm) determined by testing. • From the partial CCO registration in 2010, there were 249,710.36 kg of transformers with PCB oil and 249,710 kg of PCB wastes. The registration data are raw, as submitted by industry. Some of the data have yet to be validated (part of the WB-IPOPs project is to train the Regional Offices to validate the data being submitted by industries). The low registration of equipment may be due to the following reasons a. Suspected PCB equipment were not considered; b. Not all transformers or equipment were disclosed by industry due to lack of awareness; 22 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs c. Some of the old transformers could not be accounted for. • The completion of the National Inventory of PCBs is being conducted under the World Bank assisted project Integrated POPs Management (IPOPs). There is an on-going updating of the database for PCB under the IPOPs Project. The target number of companies to be inventoried is 800. The PCB owners are being trained on data handling to update the database. • The PCB stockpile of 1700 MT was generated in 2010 by the Raz-Waste section ofEMB to provide a basis for feasibility of establishing the non combustion PCB treatment facility. This stockpile was based on reports from 20 PCB owners and other CCO registrations where the presence of PCBs was validated with testing. • A non bum technology PCB treatment facility is available locally for disposal of PCB oil. The facility (Fig. 2.5.2-1) was constructed under the GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB/PNOC-AFC cooperation. The technology applied for destruction (sodium dechlorination) is capable of reducing the concentration of PCB oil down to 2 ppm concentration as required by local regulation. The PCB destruction facility is still on trial commissioning stage; the facility is not yet on commercial operation but is expected to be fully operational in 2014. Fig. 2.5.2-1. The Non-Combustion PCB destruction facility in Mariveles, Bataan c. Importation • Pursuant to the Chemical Control Order (CCO) for PCB of the DENR-EMB, importation of PCB or equipment containing PCBs are already banned since March 19, 2004. The Bureau of Customs monitors incoming equipments such as transformers and ensures that they are PCB free as defined in the CCO. d.Use • The partial registration of PCB owners in 2010 through the CCO for PCBs showed that 1991 equipment are contaminated with PCBs. The extent of the use of equipment with PCBs is expected to increase as the inventory becomes more expanded. e. Environmental Monitoring 23 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs • A survey of the PCB concentrations in water from selected sites in Pasig River and Laguna Lake showed that the total concentrations of PCBs from all the sampling sites increased during the second sampling. In Pasig River, the concentrations increased from a range of0.9-12.2 ng/L in the samples collected in August, 2009 to 2.5-32.8 ng/L in the samples collected in November. The same trend was observed in Laguna Lake where the concentration range increased from 0.1-0.9 ng/L to 2.0-10.9 ng/L. The increase in the PCBs concentrations in water was attributed to the inundation of the soil of most part of the Greater Manila Area by the big flood event in September, 2009 (Santiago E. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Selected Sites in Pasig River and Laguna Lake in the Philippines Before and After a Big Flood Event Investigated under the UNU East Asia RegionalPOPs .BullEnvironContam Toxicol (2012) 89:407411) • The 2011-2012 environmental monitoring of the communities around the PCB Non Combustion treatment facility showed that PCBs were not detected in soil, surface water and groundwater in all the sampling sites. DENR-EMB measured the concentrations of PCBs in marine sediments at 0.2 ig/g, 0.36 ig/g, 1.08 ig/g and 0.30 ig/g for the Jetty Area, mouth ofLamao River, PNOC outfall and the resettlement area respectively. (Ref: Report on Environmental Baseline sampling for the Non Combustion Facility) Fig.2.5.2-2. Sampling teams collecting samples of sediments and water for the baseline environmental analysis for the Non Combustion Facility 2.5.3. Present Status ofDioxins andFurans (2013) • A survey of economic sectors that could contribute to unintentional releases of POPs reported in the NIP 2006 indicated that there are 4,610,000 farm lands all over the country, a total of 203 paper and paper products manufacturing facilities, 2,821 fuel burning facilities, 99% of which are industrial manufacturing facilities, 23 cement factories, 68 registered hazardous waste facilities, 734 open dump sites and 262 controlled dumpsites. • As of March 2014, 602 open dumpsites and 321 controlled dump facilities were identified. a. Regulatory Enforcement • The policy regulation on dioxins/furans is included in the Clean Air Act (RA 8749). The law provides that the emission of dioxins/furans into the air shall be reduced by the most progressive 24 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs techniques: Provided, further, that all average of dioxins and furans measured over the sample period of a minimum of 5 hours and maximum of 8 hours must not exceed the limit value of 0.1 ng/m3 • To enforce this regulation, adequate personnel and hardware capacity should be set up. As part of the plan to build up the capacity to monitor dioxins and furans to support its regulatory function, one member of the laboratory staff was sent for training on dioxin analysis under the GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB Project b. Inventory • The consolidated dioxins and furans inventory conducted using the UNEP Toolkit in 2003(Table 2.5.3a) yielded 534.06 g toxic equivalent per annum (TEQ/a) as total annual releases to all environmental compartments. Uncontrolled combustion processes emitted the highest levels with 187.05 g TEQ/a or 35 % of the total annual releases. This is followed by power generation and cooking (157.23 g TEQ/a), and production of chemicals and consumer goods at 91.56 g TEQ/a. • Uncontrolled combustion processes was found to be contributing to releases to three environmental media, namely, air, land, and residues. • The consolidated Dioxins and Furans inventory in 2013 (Table 2.5 .3b) showed an increase in the total release at 779.529 gTEQ/a from all the sources. Open burning accounted for 59% (438.54 gTEQ/a) followed by disposal/landfill at 33% (255.06 g/TEQ/a). • The biggest release is in the air with total of 431.996 gTEQ/a; 87% from open burning 4% from ferrous and non-ferrous metal production and 3 % from power generation and heating. Table 2.5.3a. National inventory of Dioxins and Furans in 2003 Group Annual Releases (g TEQ/a) Source Groups No. Air Water Land Product Residue Total 1 Waste Incineration 37.830 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.7188 41.5508 2 Ferrous & Non-ferrous Metal 8.664 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.8884 10.5525 Production 3 Power Generation and Heating 142.84 0.000 0.000 0.000 14.3892 157.23 4 Mineral Products 2.5345 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0377 2.5722 5 Transportation 0.1158 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.1158 6 Open Burning 135.45 46.858 0.000 0.000 4.7303 187.085 7 Product & Use of Chemicals & 0 0.5995 0.000 77.640 13.225 91.562 Consumer Goods 25 8 9 10 Total National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Miscellaneous 0.2301 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0007 0.2308 Disposal/Landfill 0.000 43.202 0.000 0.000 0.0000 43.202 Contaminated Sites and Hot-Spots 0.000 0.000 327.675 43.801 46.858 77.640 38.087 534.061 • The D/F inventory of2013 shows that the major sources of dioxins and furans in the Philippines at present are uncontrolled combustion or open burning of wastes and disposal and landfill facilities. The ferrous and non ferrous production and power generation contributed a combined 7% of the total release (55.81 gTEQ/a). Table 2.5.3b. National inventory of Dioxins and Furans in 2013 Group Annual Releases (g TEQ/a) Source Groups No. Air Water Land Product Residue Total 1 Waste Incineration 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.315 0.324 2 Ferrous & Non-ferrous Metal 17.696 0.088 0.000 0.000 13.514 31.298 Production 3 Power Generation and Heating 14.912 0.000 0.000 0.000 9.598 24.510 4 Mineral Products 9.657 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.033 9.690 5 Transportation 3.241 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.241 6 Open Burning 373.817 0.000 64.724 0.000 0.000 438.541 7 Product & Use of Chemicals & 12.512 0.054 0.000 3.305 0.044 15.915 Consumer Goods 8 Miscellaneous 0.512 0.000 0.000 0.268 0.533 1.563 9 Disposal/Landfill 0.000 1.982 0.000 10.206 242.869 255.057 10 Contaminated Sites and Hot-Spots 0.000 0.000 Total 431.996 2.124 64.724 13.779 266.906 779.529 c. BAT /BEP activities • BAT /BEP capacity building activities under UNIDO or World Bank assisted projects have been done to achieve reduction of releases of Dioxins and Furans in different sectors. Demonstration activities and training have been organized to reduce releases from open burning, fuel fired utilities and industrial boilers, the solid waste sector and several specific industry and 26 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs agricultural sources. The project also included activities to implement safe closure of open dumpsites and rehabilitation of controlled dumpsites pursuant to Department Administrative Order 09 Series of 2006. (a) (b) Fig.2.5.3c-1. Signing of Terms of Cooperation with Pilot Demonstration Site (a) and with Green Technology in the Chemical Engineering Program of the University of Santo Tomas (b) (a) (b) Fig 2.5.3.c-2. Training on BAT /BEP for industrial boilers in Davao (a) and in Cebu (b) 27 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs yet to be done • The toolkit for inventory of Dioxins and Furans in 2013 indicated high releases from uncontrolled burning, open dumpsites and landfill sites. All open dumpsites and landfill sites in the country are potential contaminated sites for Dioxins and Furans. With the lack of capability to analyze dioxins and furans in air, water and soil, validation that these are contaminated sites has not been done. • Criteria have been set up to identify contaminated sites, training on the use of the guidelines is on­ going. The inventory of contaminated sites using the identification criteria has started. The policy on the management of the contaminated sites has been drafted. 2.5.5 Initial Assessment of the Five New POPs Pesticides (2013) There are five (5) new POPs pesticides namely alpha- and beta- hexachlorocyclohexane, (HCH), gamma HCH (lindane ), chlordecone, and endosulfan that are listed by the Stockholm Convention. The alpha- and beta-HCH isomers are by-products of the manufacture oflindane. a. Regulation on Lindane, Endosulfan and Chlordecone • Lindane, has been restricted for use in pineapple plantations by soil pre-plant application since 1989 both by FPAand Sustainable Agricultural Network (SAN). • The registration of Lindane for agricultural use expired in February 22, 2003 and since then, there was no renewal of registration nor approval of importation. • Endosulfan was temporarily banned for all uses since 2009, FPAhas yet to make an official ban. • Chlordecone is not registered at FP A. b. Stockpile of NEW POPs Pesticides • The only known stockpile among the new POPs pesticides is the 10 MT of Endosulfan which was recovered from the capsized ferry MV Princess of the Stars carrying the pesticide. This is stored in three container vans in a private warehouse in Region III. Inspection done by FPA­ Region III in 2011 revealed that two (2) of the drums made of carton material became wet and were transferred to metal drums. c. Importation of New POPs Pesticides • There are no importations of Alpha- and Beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, Lindane, and Chlordecone from 2004 to present. • The last importation ofLindane was in 1999 amounting to 10,000 L ofLindane as 75% flowable. • Importation ofEndosulfan, from 2003 to 2008 amounted to 100 MT (94% purity). In 2006-2008, Endosulfan was imported from Israel, the last importation was in 2008 amounting to 10 MT. This 10 MT of Endosulfan was carried by the ferry MV Princess of the Stars which capsized. 28 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs This was recovered and is currently stored as a stockpile. d. History of Use of Lindane and Endosulfan in the Philippines • A report indicated that there were about 200 agricultural pesticide companies in the Philippines, including around 30 formulation plants. • Endosulfan has been applied by aerial spraying on large plantations or manual spraying in smaller plantations. Production of crops such as rice, com, coconut, sugarcane, banana and pineapple depended on Endosulfan for adequate growth. • Endosulfan is considered as the most widely used organochlorine pesticide for over three decades before its use was restricted. In 1993, FPA issued Board resolution No. 01, s. 1993 restricting Endosulfan formulation to 5% emulsifiable concentrate (EC) or lower. • In 1994, pesticide distributors and dealers were required to withdraw the disallowed formulation of Endosulfan from the display/sale centre and surrender the same voluntarily to FPA Regional or Provincial Coordinators (FPAMS 09, s. 1994). In the same year, all pesticide manufacturing companies were instructed to transfer the banned formulation of Endosulfan (35% emulsified concentrate Ec35) from provincial/regional manufacturing company's warehouse to the main office warehouse of plant incinerator (FPAMc 10, s. 1994). • In 1995 two companies requested the FPA Board to allow them to use Endosulfan with concentration of 5% until they can come up with a viable alternative or replacement to control pink disease in their pineapple plantations. This was approved by the Board on a yearly basis. In 2005, the request of these two companies as institutional user of Endosulfan was granted for a period of three (3) years from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008, instead of a yearly approval (FPA Board Resolution No. 03, s. 2005). After this period FPA did not issue any permit to use Endosulfan. • There are no registered pharmaceutical products that contain Lindane as active ingredient in shampoos, lotion, and other topical preparations in the Philippines. There is no application for registration for use in pharmaceutical products. • Surveys indicated that Endosulfan and Lindane were still used in Regions VIII and XL No physical evidence was obtained for Lindane in all regions surveyed; but Endosulfan was available in Regions VIII and XI under the name Thiodan (Fig. 2.4.5a). Samples obtained on May 23, 2013 from these regions tested positive for Endosulfan in laboratory analysis. 29 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Fig. 2.5.Sa. Thiodan used by vegetable farmers in a village in Region XI a. Environmental Monitoring • Monitoring of the Panigan-Tamuhan and Talomo-Lipadas Watersheds in Davao from 2006 to 2007 showed Endosulfan at concentrations of 5-12 ng/L in four of the ten river sampling sites, exceeding the USEPA standard of 0.22 ng/L (Interface Development Interventions, Inc. 2008. Survey on the Level of Pesticide Contaminants in Panigan Tamugan and Talomo Li pad as Watersheds Towards the Protection of Critical Water Resource Areas in Davao City. Ateneo de Davao University, 15 50). • In Benguet (CAR), the highest concentration of technical Endosulfan in soil was detected at 0.025 mg/kg. Endosulfan sulfate was found at 0.015 mg/kg. There was no report on the presence of Endosulfanin water (Lu, J. L. (2010).ArchEnvironContam Toxicol., 59,175181). • Monitoring of vegetables by the Bureau of Plant Industries done from 2008-2012 in six regions (CAR, I, VII, X, XI, XII) indicated the presence of trace amounts ofEndosulfan from as low as 0.001 to 0.229 mg/kg. The recorded amounts are below the ASEAN Harmonised Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs ). 2.5.6 InitialAssessmentofPentachlorobenzene (2013) ·The only known process that forms pentachlorobenzene as major by-product is the production of quintozene, a kind of pesticide. If there is no quintozene production in the country, PeCB emissions could be estimated through a correlation with available emission factors such as those with D/F or HCB, whichever is available. Quintozene is not produced in the Philippines. • Table 2.5.6a shows the correlation ratios between D/F or HCB and PeCB emissions. The initial inventory of pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), as unintentionally-produced POP among the eleven new POPs can be obtained from the results ofD/F inventory. 30 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 2.5.6a. Correlation ratios of PeCB and Dioxin/Furan for selected emission sources (Hogendoorn, 2009) Activity PeCB: Dioxin/Furan Ratio (w:w) Backyard bumingof household waste 10 Municipal waste incineration 5 Hazardous waste incineration 50 • For coal burning furnaces, the correlation ratio of PeCB with hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 0.2 (w/w) can be used ifHCB emission data is available. • As source categories of PeCB are generally identical with those of dioxins/furans, the action plans listed for dioxins/furans can be used to address the management of PeCB. 2.5.7 Initial Assessment of PBDEs (2013) There are three types of commercial PBDE products commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether ( c-pentaBDE), commercial Octabromodiphenyl ether ( c-octaBDE), and commercial Decabromodiphenyl ether ( c­ decaBDE). Commercial PetaBDE ( c-pentaBDE), the homologues "tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether" as well as c-octaBDE, "hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether" are listed under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs ). Estimates of the amount of PBDEs present in the country were obtained using data from the National Statistics Office (NSO) on the population rate and from UNComtrade importation data on the CRT household penetration rates, and from Land Transportation Office (LTO) on vehicle registration. a. Existing Regulations relevant to PBDEs 1. Regulations for control of importation • Monitoring of the importation of articles containing c-PBDEs would be a challenge to the regulator at this point. Since there is no more production of c-PBDEs, new products will most likely not contain c-PBDEs. However, there are still importation of used electronics and used vehicles in the country which may possibly contain c-PBDEs (Fig 2.5. 7 a). 31 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 8,000 ■ ear2007 5,494 19,265 ■ ear2008 ■ ear2009 ■ ear2010 ■ ear 2011 ■ ear2012 Fig. 2.5.7a. Quantity of imported second hand EEEs with DENR-EMB clearance for the period 2007-2012 (units) ·For the importation of used electrical and electronic equipments, the existing criteria for allowing its importation is based on environmental documentary requirements such as ECC, management plan etc. but not on whether it contains POPs or not. Likewise, the importation of used vehicles does not provide for any provision for its POPs contents. • Importers must declare prior to approval of clearance the physical and chemical characteristics, justification for the import, methods for handling including collection, packaging, labeling, transportation, and route which must conform with internationally accepted standards, listing of personnel who will be responsible for supervising the collection, transport and unpacking of the recyclable materials and their respective qualifications. 2. Regulations on Disposal of EEEs • Wastes electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that contain hazardous components such as lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are listed under DENRAdministrative Order (AO) No. 22, Series 2013, as hazardous wastes. All generators of WEEEs are required by law to properly manage these hazardous wastes from the time they are generated until they are rendered non-hazardous as certified by EMB-accredited hazardous waste treater or recycler (DENR AO 13-22). This means that prior to being landfilled, these hazardous wastes should have been certified as treated by the recycler or treater. WEEEs can be disposed in a landfill or recycled or converted to other materials for reuse (Fig. 2.5. 7b) 32 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs I ~oouc Fig.2.5. 7b. Schematic diagram of the life cycle of c-OctaBDE ( adapted from Alcock et al., 2003; UNEP, 2010a; 2010b) 3. Regulations on Disposal ofELV s • The disposal of products /articles containing PBDEs such as PUR is not covered by RA6969. Regulating the disposal of products and articles containing c-PBDEs would be a big challenge especially when the waste generator is not from industrial sector but from private and residential sector. 4. Challenges in elimination of PBDEs by regulatory action • The initial assessment of PBDEs was taken from secondary information and projected, based on formula provided in the guidance document. Local manufacturing industries were not assessed if they still have PBDEs in the product they manufacture or stockpiles of products containing PBDEs. With the acquisition of the XRF, the EMB may be able to conduct testing and sampling to obtain more data on products or even waste which may contain PBDEs. This way, all sources and stockpiles and products may be identified and monitored. • The elimination of PBDEs will be dependent on the following factors which should be considered before any regulation is implemented: 33 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs • The elimination of PBDEs will be dependent on the following factors which should be considered before any regulation is implemented: a. Accreditation of transporters and TSDs and method of acceptable disposal must be in place. b. IEC ofindustry on PBDE management. c. Training of government personnel in monitoring ( e.g. desktop review of SMRs, use ofXRF for testing, identification of products possibly containing PBDEs ). d. Collaboration between government and industry on identifying possible alternatives to PBDEs (that is, if it is still being used in the manufacturing sector). b. Production and Use • The Philippines does not produce POP-PBDEs. However, data on initial assessment reveals huge markets for commodities containing POP-PBDEs in the country. • A prliminary inventory using the UNEP PBDE Guidance of 2013 document on c-octaBDE in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymers used in housings/casings of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), particularly for cathode ray tube (CRT) housings and on c-pentaBDE in polyurethane (PUR) foam used in automotive and upholstery applications provided as assessment of the use of PB DE 'sin the country. 1. Preliminary Inventory ofPOP-PBDES in Electrical and Electronics Equipment (EEE) • (EEE) are the largest material flows containing c-octaBDE (UNEP PBDE Inventory Guidance 2013). The inventory ofEEEs based on the country's population and penetration rate (no. of CRTs per capita) gave an estimated total weight of CRTs in the Philippines from 1990 to 2004 (Appendix ix 1). Using the UNEP Guidance equations (UNEP PBDE Inventory Gui dance 2013), the estimated cumulative total weight of CRT of 11,019,789 kg from population and penetration rate from 1990 to 2004, converted to 93,400 kg of c octaPBDEs comprising of 43% hepta BDE (40,197.05 kg) and 11 %hexaBDE (10,283 kg). • Using the same UNEP PBDE Inventory Guidance, the amount of c octa PBDEs estimated from importation of222,897,420 kg of CRTs from 1997 to 2004 (Appendix 2) was 61,543 kg. • Used EEEs imported to the Philippines for reuse could be sources of c octa PBDEs. The Philippines imported 551,365 units of TVs and CRTs from 2007 to 2012. 2. Preliminary Inventory ofPOP-PBDEs in the Transport Sector • A large proportion of c-pentaBDE use has been within the transport sector; the major use was for treatment of flexible Polyurethane (PUR) foams (automotive seating, head rests, car ceilings, acoustic management systems, etc.) and a minor use was in back-coating of textiles used on car seats. c-octaBDE has also been used in plastics vehicle parts (steering wheels, dashboards, door panels, etc.). 34 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs • Only a portion of the cars produced between 1975 and 2005 worldwide have been treated with c­ pentaBDE. Cars and other vehicles (trucks and buses) are the major portion of the transport sector containing the largest volume ofPOP-PBDEs. 1. POP-PBDEs from Vehicle Registration Using the formula provided by UNEP Guidance on PDBE, the amount of POP-PBDEs in PUR foam of vehicles registered at the LTO from 1990 to 2004 was calculated. The cumulative registered vehicles in 2004 from 1975 were estimated at about 4.9 million (Appendix 3). This figure translates to about 22,000 kg of c-pentaBDE from impacted vehicles at the end of 2004. 2. POP-PBDEs in End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) From the estimated cumulative disposed number of vehicles based on LTO data, (Appendix 4) there were 226,170 disposed cars/trucks/buses in 2012 which can be considered as ELVs. This number is equivalent to about 2003 kg of c-pentaBDE using the formula provided by UNEP Guidance on PDBE. From the estimated total amount of c-pentaBDE, the homologues tetraBDE, pentaBDE, hexaBDE and heptaBDE were likewise calculated as 661.26 kg, 1162.22 kg, 160.30 kg and 10.02 kg respectively. c. Environmental Monitoring • A survey of the PBDEs in leachates from two dumping sites in Metro Manila showed a range of 0.414-27.7 ng/L penta BDEs, 0.11-13.3 ng/L hexa BDEs, < LOD -6.7 ng/L hepta BDEs, 0.505 15 .4 ng/L octa BDEs and 0.686-11.8 ng/L nona BDEs. (Kwan, C, et al, PBDEs in leachates from municipal solid waste dumping sites in tropical Asian countries: phase distribution and debromination. Environ Sci Poll Res, 2013. 20:4188-4204 ). eAsurvey of total PBDEs (23 PBDE congeners) in sediments in canals and tributaries of Pasig River showed high concentrations of total PBDEs at 60 -3140 ng/g dry weight. The sampling site at Manila Bay nearest to the outflow of Pasig River showed 170 ng/g dry weight total PBDEs (Kwan, C, etal, Sedimentary PBDEs in urban areas of tropical countries. Mar Poll Bull, 2013.76, 95-105). 2.5.8 Initial Assessment ofPFCs (PFOS andPFOA) (2013) Perfluorinated compounds (PF Cs) have been detected in human breast milk across Asian countries, such as Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia and India, where among the PFCs, PFOS was predominant, followed by PFHxS and then by PFOA. A study of PFCs in human breast milk among these countries showed that the lowest PFOS median concentration of 39.4 pg/ml was obtained from samples in India while the highest median concentration of 196 pg/ml was from Japan. Malaysia had the second highest median concentration of 111 pg/ml followed by the Philippines with a concentration of 104 pg/ml (Tao, et. al, Perfluorinated compounds in human breast milk from several Asian countries, and in infant formula and dairy milk from the United States. Envi Sci and Tech. 2008, 42 (22), 8597-8602). a. Initial Inventory of PF Os 1. Initial Inventory of PF OS from importation data 35 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1. Initial Inventory of PF OS from importation data • The Philippines does not produce PFOS but imports products that may contain PFOS. The UNEOP PFOS Inventory Guidance Documents categorized the products containing PFOS and their PFOS content. • The data on the volumes of imported articles for industries related to the possible open application of PFOS from 2008 to 2012 provided the estimated maximum inventory of PFOS based on these imported articles. Table 2.5.8a shows the volume of imported articles and their estimated PFOS content based on the UNEP PFOS Inventory Guidance. Figure 2.5.8a shows the estimated percentage of the total weight of PFOS attributed to the imported article. Table 2.5.8a. Inventory of PFOS from imported articles Article Imported Total weight of Equivalent total weight imported article, kg of PFOS, kg synthetic carpets and fire resistant 7 5 textile 2.94 x 10 kg 1.47 x 10 kg chrome metal-plating pigments and 5 5 preparation 6.90 x 10 kg 3.45 x 10 kg greaseproof and food paper 6 6.73 x 10 kg 3.36 X 104 kg fire-fighting substances and 6 2.45 X 104 kg preparations l.63xl0 kg E timated mount of PFOS from Imported Article (% total wei ht of PFO )(2008-2012) 4.450% 26. 12% ■ Chrome Metal Plating pigments and preparations ■ ynthetic Carpets and Fire-resistant Textiles ■ Greaseproof Paper and Foodpaper ■ Fire-fighting substances and preparations Fig 2. 5. 8a. Percentage of total weight of PFOS from categories of imported articles in 2008-2012 36 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs • No importation data for perfluorinated insecticides, hydraulic fluids, brake fluids and anti-freeze fluids were reported from BOC for the period 2008-2012 • There are no oil-drilling industries in the Philippines. The mining industry was not identified as a sector that handles PFOS and PFOS-related substances in the UNEP Guidance PFOS Inventory since the use of PFOS is banned for mining industries. • The use of PFOS in metal-plating as an acceptable purpose is classified under the Stockholm Convention "for restriction" (UNEP Guidance PFOS Inventory, 2012). The majority of the metal­ plating process classifications in literature are considered to be closed-loop application of PFOS. There is a possibility that Pf OS-containing stockpiles and sewage sludge are present, as indicated in the life-cycle impact of PFOS and its related substances. 2. Inventory from surveys of relevant industrial sectors •Using the survey instrument provided by the UNEP PFOS Inventory Guidance, information on the use of PFOS in the identified sectors were obtained as follows: Table 2.5.8b. Inventory of PFOS based on UNEP survey instrument Industry Sector Use of PFOS in the Sector Metal-Plating Industries PFOS is not used as surfactant Fire-fighting Industries 1. A cement industry in Mindanao reported that they had AFFFs in stock 2. Representatives from fire departments in some AFFF, as am additive to water (3 % AFFF) to extinguish fires from combustion of liquid substances, such as chemicals, oil and fuel. 3. Non-obsolete stocks were documented amounting to approximately 1,520 L of Ansulites. The last importation was in 2009. Aviation Industries 1. Skydrol®, a product which is known and declared to contain PFOS is used (about 2 liters per month) in aircrafts as a hydraulic fluid to inhibit corrosion and reduce the risk of aircraft fires. 2. Skydrol® is imported from the United States under the regulation of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), but no BOC importation data Skydrol has been reported. 3. Used hydraulic fluids are collected by a third party for disposal or treatment. 4. Approximately 12 L of Skydrol®on-stock Semiconductor and Electronics 1. PFOS and PFOS-related substances are likely used in the semiconductor Industries industry, in the coating of printed circuit boards and electronic wafer fabrication 2. Majority of the activities in the electronic industries are centered on the assembly and testing of electronic parts and equipment. The parts (such as the printed circuit boards) are pre-made and imported. 3. No additional coatings are applied to the printed circuit boards prior to assembly and testing. 37 Metal Fabrication and Recycling Industries National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1. Scrap metals are sources of raw materials for metal fabrication. The articles handled as a source of scrap metal may have been treated with PFOS, such as dismantled combustion engines, transmission parts, brake discs, steel pipes and iron bars. 2. Material handling of scrap metals involves smelting at high temperatures, i.e. 1200-C for iron products this destroys and gasifies all volatile and organic components, thus eliminating PFOS from the products. Challenges identified regarding the Inventory of PF OS • The inventory of PFOS and its related substances was limited to the importation data provided by the Bureau of Customs. This was mainly caused by the lack of data and information, monitoring and control of PFOS as one of the new POPs. In effect, the inventory conducted serves as a precursor to future in-depth inventories, i.e. when relevant legislation has been passed pursuant to this NIP on the regulation, control and monitoring of PFOS in the country. Some of the gaps in obtaining a more accurate inventory and potential challenges are: 1. potential overestimation of the volumes of imported PFOS and PFOS-related substances based solely on the importation data 2. lack of knowledge and information on the specific products which contain PFOS and difficulty in identifying which of the imported articles and products contain PFOS these may be addressed by legislation requiring the declaration of the use of PFOS in both the raw materials and the final articles and products; 3. identification, monitoring and analysis of products, articles and sites possibly contaminated with PFOS this may be addressed by legislation and budget realignment by the government pursuant to this NIP. 38 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs CHAPTER 3 GOALS AND ACTION PLANS National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 3.1. REVIEW OF ACTION PLANS FOR THE 12 INITIAL POPS The action plans for the initial twelve POPs and the action plans for the contaminated sites and educational awareness are reviewed as shown in the following Tables: • Review of action plan addressing the twelve initial POPs pesticides including DDT (Table 3 .1 a) • Review of action plan addressing PCBs (Table 3. la) • Review of action plan addressing Dioxins and Furans (Table 3 .1 c) • Review of action plan addressing contaminated sites (Table 3 .1 d) • Review of action plan addressing information, education and public awareness of POPs (Table 3.le) Table 3.la. Review of action plan for the initial pesticides (Aldrin, Chlordane, Dieldrin, DDT, Endrin, Heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene, Toxaphene and Mirex) INITIAL PESTICIDES Goal: Ensure that all current and future uses of POPs pesticides (legal or otherwise) are accurately identified, properly controlled, and ultimately eliminated; including the environmentally sound disposal of any unwanted and obsolete stocks and the continuous monitoring of the impacts to health and environment Objectives l.Complete a review of the most appropriate and effective ways for improving monitoring and enforcement of the existing regulatory controls on POPs pesticides by the end of the 2nd year 2.Implement a programme that will inspect, retrieve, and properly dispose of POPs pesticides from year l up to the 2nd year Action Plans in NIP 2006 The review which aims to address the current deficiencies in monitoring and enforcement of the controls on POPs pesticides, could preferably be done by external consultants rather than FPA alone to allow consideration of a much wider range of views and is more likely to lead to solutions acceptable to all stakeholders. The Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority must undertake actions to manage and dispose stockpiles in a cost-effective and environmentally sound manner. The FPA could consider to relocate all stockpiles to a central storage facility and select the most suitable disposal method FPA to identify other stockpiles that are currently not known to the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority through a combination of awareness activities (for both the general public and industry) and the enhanced inspection activities carried out by staff of the Fertilizer and 39 Assessment of the Implementation Though inspection is part of the regular activity ofFPA, there is still a need to strengthen this by providing additional manpower to the agency per region doing the inspection and monitoring of all agricultural chemicals. A program for POPs disposal was implemented. The stockpiles brought to FPA warehouses were disposed by an EMB registered waste treatment facility within one year. The reported stockpile of DDT in Mindanao was not verified to have been disposed of properly. A verification letter was sent by DOH to the ARMM DOH Office regarding the reported stockpile. To date, FPA has no existing stockpile of POPs pesticides in the dirty dozen list. Also, there has been no reported incident of distribution and use of such in the inspection carried out by the field personnel ofFPA. National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Pesticide Authority 3.Develop and implement continuous Options: To arm the DOH personnel with the environmental and health monitoring I .Continue encouraging various sectors capability to implement continuous program from year 1 to do their own environmental and health monitoring, Onwards monitoring. the Integrated Vector Management training had been conducted among 2. Second is have one sole agency that regional entomologists in 2010 which will develop and implement an encompassed the concept of Integrated integrated Vector Management (IVM), policy and monitoring program to avoid institutional framework, planning and duplication and sometimes implementation ( epidemiological misrepresentation of monitoring assessment, vector assessment, results. selection of vector control methods, evidence-based strategy), organization 3. A multi partite monitoring group and management (within the health commg sector, partnership with other sectors, from the inter agency consultative linkages, etc.) and transition ofIVM. committee to implement the task but Recently, a series of workshops had the technical inputs can be provided by been conducted involving malaria, the academe. filarial and dengue health staff and vector surveillance has been tackled. Monitoring of the environment is still done by independent researchers as research projects The continuous environmental and health monitoring program was not implemented as planned. 4.Complete an assessment of the Proactively investigate the efficacy of DOH has found an effective substitute effectiveness of current practices for current malaria control measures and (pyrethroids) for DDT. the control of malaria in the hence establish the need for DDT Philippines, and options for either now or in the future DOH decided that DDT was no longer improvements including the use of necessary for vector control and Integrated Vector Management requested FPA to ban DDT in 2003. strategies, and the need for DDT by the end of the 2nd year FPA banned DDT in 2005. 5.Initiate all actions (as required under Consider the initial operational Mirex and hexachlorobenzene were all relevant regulations) by the end of measure to establish the current status never registered at FPA. Thus, year 1, with a view to of mirex or hexachlorobenzene use in importation, distribution and use of any ban mirex and hexachlorobenzene the country. This will allow an of these pesticides in the country are assessment of any potential impacts on not allowed. the users, prior to imposition of a ban. 40 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 3.lb. Review of action plan for PCBs PCBs Goal: Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the total elimination and destruction of PCB­ equipment, PCB-containing products, and wastes. Objectives l. Prepare a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PCBs, PCB containing materials, and PCB wastes from year O to year 2 of the National Implementation Plan (NIP) 2. Establish and implement a program on safe handling, storage, and transport of PCBs, PCB containing materials and PCB wastes from year l to year 3 Action Plans in NIP 2006 Conduct the PCB inventory through the regulatory reporting procedure outlined in the Chemical Control Order (CCO) wherein specific requirements for annual reporting and inventory of PCBs are included. Strengthen the registration ofTSDs and servicing facilities Engaged in the decontamination and repair of equipment. Develop a code of practice and mechanism for the accreditation of servicing facilities and initiate a plan for industry self-regulation towards improving compliance with the CCO on PCBs. Strengthen the resources for testing and monitoring of PCBs Formulate guidelines on the management of PCBs as a means of improving the knowledge and awareness of users on the methodologies and processes that need 41 Assessment of the Implementation This had been partially achieved by the initial inventory through regulatory registration and reporting, which was required from PCB owners particularly power distributors and electric cooperatives under the Chemical Control Order (CCO on PCBs. The registration of PCB owners is being improved through strengthening of the regional implementation of the CCO for PCBs. The PCB owners are likewise being trained to the proper conduct of the inventory and reporting to the EMB The inventory of the HazWaste section of EMB in 2010 from sources with PCBs verified by field visit and testing was 1700 MT of PCBs. The recommended Memorandum Circular for PCBs includes provisions for registration ofTSDs and servicing facilities engaged in decommissioning and decontamination of transformers. A technical guidance on safe handling, storage and disposal of PCBs is being prepared to help PCB owners to comply with the CCO and Memorandum Circular requirements. Memorandum Circular 2014-007, "Guidelines for the Registration of Laboratories to Perform Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Transformer Oil, Waste Oil and Non­ Porous Surface Materials" has been approved and signed. In November 2009, the Code of Practice on the Management of PCBs was published by DENR-EMB with support from GEF and UNIDO. This document is intended to serve as a National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs need to be undertaken for the safe guide to the identification, removal, handling, storage, and transport of handling, storage, treatment and PCBs. The guidelines would be disposal of PCB wastes, including distributed and disseminated to users of tools and strategies to manage the PCBs during the inventory process. environmental and health impacts associated with these wastes. The IPOPs Management Project conducted training for PCB owners on the implementation of environmentally sound management (ESM) plan of PCBs. The project provides technical assistance to the PCB owenrs to implement the PCB management plan. 3 .Develop and implement continuous Options: The National Health Survey and integrated environmental and health I.Continue encouraging various sectors Monitoring is being planned as part of monitoring program from year 1 to do their own the IPOPs Management Project. onwards. monitoring. 2. One sole agency that will develop and implement an integrated monitoring program to avoid duplication and sometimes misrepresentation of monitoring results. 3. A multi partite monitoring group coming from the inter agency consultative committee to implement the task but the leadership is through the academe. 4. Eliminate and destroy all PCBs, Develop strategies for the total The GEF/UNIDO/DENR PCB-containing materials, and PCB elimination of PCBs in the country. EMB/PNOC-AFC Non-Combustion wastes as soon as possible The availability of treatment and POPs Project have constructed the disposal technologies will be presented sodium dechlorination PCB oil as a support to PCB waste generators treatment facility which is now in the in complying with the CCO commissioning stage and will accept PCB oil and waste for treatment in 2014 The IPOPs Management Project training for PCB owners has included the information on effective implementation of the inventory, safe PCB management and how to avail of the PCB destruction facility. 42 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 3.lc. Review of action plan for Dioxins and Furans DIOXINS AND FURANS Goal: Progressive reductions and continuous monitoring in the releases of dioxins and furans and other unintentional POPs in the Philippines, based on scientific knowledge Objectives Action Plans in NIP 2006 Assessment of the Implementation l .Prepare an updated inventory of Gap analysis will be performed to An updated and most recent 3rd dioxin and furan releases for all know which areas need reconciliation National Inventory ofDioxins/Furans significant sources by obtaining best- in the Toolkit's data requirement and (2013) shows open burning, estimate nationwide activity data and actual available data reported in the landfill/disposal, ferrous and non most appropriate emission factors country. Validating the emission factors ferrous metal production, and power within three years from the approval of under local conditions will further generation and heating as among the the National Implementation Plan strengthen the results of the previous most significant sources. inventory. The World Bank-GEF assisted DENR EMB Integrated POPs (IPOPs) Management Project: Reduction of Releases of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants provides capacity building for inventory of dioxins and furans. 2. Develop and implement BAT/BEP Implement BAP/BEP in landfill sites. GEF, UNIDO, and DENR-EMB are promotion, adoption and monitoring jointly implementing the project programmes within three years across Strengthen the institutional capability "Demonstration ofBAT/BEP in Open the most significant dioxin and furan to support the promotion, adoption, and Burning Activities in Response to the source categories (based on updated monitoring ofBAT/BEP. Stockholm Convention on POPs" inventory) which aims to achieve sustainable BAT/BEP information, education, and release reduction of unintentionally communication materials have to be produced-POPs (UP-POPs) in the open developed and implemented for public burning sector through the introduction release. In addition, BAT/BEP will be of BAT and BEP. The inception integrated in the curricula and workshop of this regional project extracurricular activities of secondary involving five countries (Cambodia, and college educational levels. Lao PDR, Mongolia, Philippines, and Vietnam) was held in Manila, Philippines in September 2013. The GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB Project on BAT/BEP Application to Fossil Fuel-fired Utility and Industrial Boilers. The project includes activities that are geared towards the attainment of reducing dioxins and furans in coal fired power plants, offering "Green Boiler Technology Course" to engineering students, and coordination with BWC-DOLE on the inclusion of BAT/BEP in the Boiler Rule of the Philippines. 43 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs The WE-assisted DENR-EMB IPOPs Project: Reduction of Releases of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants has included BAT/BEP Demonstration for the Solid Waste Sector, giving technical assistance on the preparation of BAT/BEP for selected source categories, and training, demonstration and information dissemination on BAT/BEP. Sampling and analysis capability for An initial feasibility study of setting up dioxins and furans have to be a dioxin laboratory at another developed through the establishment of government agency which could be a sampling and analytical laboratory. self sustaining did not prove to be Due to the high cost of setting up this feasible. type of facility, a needs assessment will first be conducted to determine the EMB is starting to develop its viability of the facility. capability to analyze dioxins and furans as a support to its regulatory function. One member of the laboratory staff was sent for training on dioxin analysis under the GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB Project 3.Formulate by the end of year 3 and Review the most appropriate Policy regulation on dioxins/furans is continuously enforce thereafter management options that will address included in the Clean Air Act (RA appropriate policies and regulations to the need for specific actions in the 8749). The law provides that the control dioxins and furans releases following areas: emission of dioxins/furans into the air shall be reduced by the most progressive techniques: Provided, further, that all average dioxins and furans measured over the sample period of a minimum of 5 hours and maximum of 8 hours must not exceed the limit value of 0.1 ng/m3 ". To enforce this regulation, adequate personnel and hardware capacity should be set up One initiative supporting the achievement of this objective is the training ofDENR-EMB Research and Developement Division on dioxin analysis and the setting-up of a dioxin laboratory at Wadsworth Institute, Albany, New York, USA through the GEF/UNIDO/DENR-EMB BAT/BEP on Boilers Project. 44 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 4.Develop and implement a Conduct of lectures, seminars, and The "Green Boiler Technology programme for information on the training , develop information, Course" offered to engineering prevention of environmental and health education, and communication students at the University of Santo effects of dioxin and furan by then end materials on the environmental and Tomas under the GEF/UNIDO/DENR of year 2. health effects of dioxins and furans and EMB BAT/BEP on Boilers Project, implement for public release includes a section on the adverse effects of dioxins/furans to health and Integrate environmental and health the environment, effects of dioxins and furans in the Information and education materials curricula and extracurricular activities on the impacts of dioxins/furans, like of secondary and college educational brochures and flyers, and posters levels. printed by the EMB-DENR are disseminated to the public. Table 3.ld. Review of action plan for contaminated sites CONTAMINATED SITES Goal: Complete identification of all contaminated sites and hotspots with corresponding appropriate management strategies to protect public health and the environment Objectives Action Plans in NIP 2006 Assessment of the Implementation Establish criteria for the identification Develop a draft criteria (based on Under IPOPs Management project, the of contaminated sites by the end of reviews of criteria used in other criteria for identification of year l countries and/or published by contaminated sites have been drafted. international agencies) The draft criteria is being reviewed for Review of draft criteria by technical approval by DENR working group Issue Department of Environment and Natural Resources Administrative Order on identification of POPs contaminated sites Establish a group and a pool of trained Identification of training needs Training and capacity building for personnel by the end of year l, with Capacity building for identification and identification and management of the appropriate mandate for the management of contaminated sites contaminated sites are ongoing identification, assessment, and (through intensive field and desk-based activities under the IPOPs management of contaminated sites training) Management Project. Provision of necessary equipment and other resource Identify potentially contaminated sites Identification and mapping out of The preliminary inventory of throughout the Philippines based on POPs contaminated sites including contaminated sites has been started. historical information, including an ecological burdens through secondary initial ranking of possible priorities for data assessment assessment from year l to year 3 Conduct of on-site assessment and testing of suspected sites for possible contamination of POPs 45 Complete expedited assessment (at least 100 priority sites) by the end of year 5, and come up with recommendations to manage these contaminated sites National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Establishment of procedures and policies for the clean-up and management of contaminated sites Conduct of environmental risk assessment of identified hotspots to evaluate the need for decontamination, develop ranking criteria, and ranking of the hotspots according to degree of risk Development of clean-up and management plans for hotspots, including Information Management Program (for the affected receptors including setting up of information center) Development and implementation (as funds allow) of clean-up, destruction, and management plans for identified contaminated sites Clean-up and management policy guidelines for contaminated site have been drafted. Table 3.le. Review of action plan for awareness and knowledge of POPs AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF POPS Goal: Full awareness and high level of knowledge across all sectors on POPs and whole support to the implementation of the National Implementation Plan Objectives Action Plans in NIP 2006 Assessment of the Implementation Develop and implement a program to Setting up of databank/library on POPs sustain awareness and understanding that would be the source of information of the health, environmental risks, for the continuous public and economic impact of POPs from dissemination. year O to year 5 Production and dissemination of IEC materials were produced by EMB Information, Education, and and disseminated to different Communication materials based on documented testimonials and government agencies popularized technical reports and risk studies. Conduct of series of seminars and Each enabling project on POPs has lectures to various organizations both incorporated seminars on POPs to formal and non formal organizations formal and non formal organizations as well as target stakeholders. 46 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Sustain media coverage through: The IEC component of the Non regular news releases Combustion Facility is a regular press conference Radio- comprehensive information campaign television guestings by government which provided the public not only officials etc awareness of PCBs and its health effects but harnessed the participation of various NGOs and other public sectors to support the operation and implementation of the NonCom PCB destruction facility as a viable means of safely phasing out PCBs in the country. (Details of the IEC program is described below this table). Create and implement educational Coordination with the Department of A representative from CHED has been programs on POPs in all levels from Education and the Commission on a part of the National Steering year 1 onwards. Higher Education (CHED) to integrate Committee for the updating of NIP and POPs in the curricula and/or in this way has been oriented with extracurricular activities POPs and the need to enhance the education of the public on POPs. Conduct of National Orientation seminar and training of potential R.A. 9512, National Environmental trainors among teachers and Awareness and Education Act of 2008 student leaders from different was approved on 12 December 2008. It schools nationwide. is an Act to Promote Environmental Awareness .. Through Environmental Working with the national television Education and for Other Purposes. networks to include POPs as one This Law is implemented by DepEd, topic in their regular morning CHED, TESDA, DOST, DENR and educational TV shows for kids other relevant agencies. It covers the (Batibot, ATBP, Hiraya Manawari, implementation of public education etc.) and awareness programs on environmental protection and conservation through capacity-building programs through trainings, seminars, workshops. Development and production of environmental education materials, teacher-education courses and related livelihood programs. Although this Law does not focus only on POPs, the environmental and health effects of POPs are part of the bigger picture on environmental issues being faced by the country. Part of the output of UNIDO's project on BAT/BEP on fossil fuel fired boilers is the integration of Green Boiler Technology as one of the offered elective in the Chemical Engineering Department of the University of Sto. Tomas. 47 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Although a curriculum centered on POPs has not yet been institutionalized in the Philippines, major universities have already incorporated POPs as topic of interest in their researches. Develop and implement political Identification of target political groups There is not much development in this lobbying programs to sustain POPs and development of specific/key area since there is still relatively low reduction and elimination as a public messages and delivery methods per awareness on POPs, specifically in the health priority, environmental issue, group provinces on the local government unit and priority action agenda. level. Public awareness is crucial in Conduct of series of lobbying lobbying for legislation, programs and activities for legislative and fundings for POPs to gain support from budgetary support for the reduction legislators and politicians. & elimination of POPs Documented cases of POPs Integration of POPs reduction and contamination and health problems elimination in agency's plans, arising from improper handling, use or programs, services, and resource disposal of POPs are reported but not allocation and be able to present effectively during regular given much highlight in the different Congress/Senate hearings on media to get the attention of government program and budget legislators and politician or to create allocations a sense of urgency that POPs are not Establishment and maintenance of just local issues but a global problem an intra-agency and Local that need to be addressed. Government Unit reporting/ information exchange system Enlistment of journalists, media agencies and associations and environment- friendly journalist associations ( e.g., Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, Philippine Center for Photo Journalism, Philippine Agricultural Journalists, Environmental Broadcasters Circle) in committees or task forces Build and sustain network for Survey of partner stakeholders to Regular coordinative meeting is being information exchange and establish common interest and conducted through the different communication on POPs and the preferred communication mechanisms projects on POPs being implemented. National Implementation Plan from Meetings like TWGs, Inter-Agency year 1 onwards Set schedule for regular coordinative meetings, stakeholders consultative meetings, including reporting on POPs meetings are regularly conducted to updates and the activities under the assess project outputs and National Implementation Plan implementation status on POPs action Development and maintenance of plans. information clearing house that would serve as the focal center for POPs information such as BAT/BEP 48 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs practices, results of environment and Several websites have been put up. The health monitoring, international websites serve as an information center updates on POPs, and POPs issues, etc on the updates of POPs activities. It also serves as repository for surveys Participation in local, national, and done on industry and stakeholders. international forums on POPs Documentary outputs such as draft Presentations during regular meetings policies, POPs inventory, Assessments of business associations and others are uploaded in these websites for public comments and information. From 6 July 2010 to 4 November 2011, the Eco-Waste Coalition, an assocrnt10n of Civil Society Organizations with advocacy of environmental protection, performed educational activities themed "Working Together for PCBs Free Philippines" for the general public as well as to the Non Com stakeholder communities to improve public awareness and support for the Non Com Project. Among the outputs of the IEC are: • It produced an audio visual documentary on the project development and implementation in 500 Cds which were distributed to major stakeholders of the project. • It produced a poster and a flyer in English, and in two major dialects (Tagalog and Visayan) on the safety of the facility operation and transportation of PCB waste to the facility, and disseminated 2000 copies for each material. • Organized at least five seminars, six focus group discussions and one community assembly on the project objectives and implementation, benefits as well as on issues of public concern regarding the project. • Issued at least six press releases and published in major broadsheets • Mobilized NGOs to participate in the project monitoring and evaluation and in other project activities like project meetings and awareness campaigns. • Launched the Bantay PCBs initiative to monitor illegal handling and recycling of PCBs. WORKING TOGETHER FOR A P B~ FR P I IPPI Ecowaste Coalition, GAIA, Greenpeace BAN Toxics, HCWH, Mother Earth Foundation Fig. 3.le-1. Poster showing the theme of the IEC campaign for PCBs 49 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Fig3.le-2. The launching of the Bantay PCB project of Civil Society Organizations 3.2. ACTION PLANS FOR THE TWELVE INITIALPOPsAND THE NEW TEN POPs The following Action Plans define the goal, objectives, and key strategies and activities proposed for the Philippines Implementation Plan: • Action Plan addressing POPs pesticides including DDT, Lindane and Endosulfan (Table 3.2.1) • Action Plan addressing PFOS and related chemicals (Table 3.2.2.) • Action Plan addressing PBDE and related chemicals (Table 3.2.3.) • Action Plan addressing PCBs (Table 3.2.4.) • Action Plan addressing Unintentional POPs (Table 3.2.5.) • Action Plan addressing POPs contaminated sites (Table 3.2.6) • Action Plan addressing information, education and public awareness of POPs (Table 3 .2. 7) The goals and objectives for the pesticides and the industrial POPs are aligned to the goals and objectives for the chemicals of the same categories of POPs in the NIP 2006. Gender sensitivity is considered in the action plans as part of the program ofEMB on Gender and Development. 3 .2.1. GOALS AND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGING POPS PESTICIDES INCLUDING DDT AND ENDOSULFAN Goal Ensure that all current and future uses of POPs Pesticides are accurately identified, properly controlled, and ultimately eliminated; any unwanted and obsolete stocks go through an environmentally sound disposal system; impacts to health and environment are continuously monitored and sustainable agriculture is promoted. 50 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Objectives 1. Strengthen the monitoring activities and improve the strategies for controlling the entry of POPs pesticides in the country. 2. Strengthen programs/infrastructure for inspection, retrieval and proper disposal of POPs pesticides. 3. Strengthen the policy and regulatory framework on control of POPs pesticides import, export, use, distribution and disposal. 4. Implement continuous environmental and health monitoring program to assess the risk from exposure to POPs pesticides. 5. Promote sustainable agriculture practices and other national intervention programs that reduce the risk associated with pesticides in general. Table 3.2.1 Action plan addressing POPs Pesticides Objective 1 Strengthen the monitoring activities and improve the strategies for controlling the entry of POPs pesticides in the country. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Provide adequate staffing ofFPA FPA-lead agency 5 Surveillance teams formed Routine Offices in provincial, regional, and inspection schedule, protocols for national levels and create a monitoring and reporting surveillance team to routinely established monitor and verify the availability, usage of POPs pesticides in the municipal level. 2. Conduct and sustain training of FPA-lead agency, 2 Number of trained personnel customs authorities, FPA, PCG, PPA, BOC, PCG, PPA, and PNP/DILG personnel on the PNP-DILG, detection and better monitoring of DOLE POPs Pesticides. 3. Intensify multipartite monitoring FPA-lead agency, 5 JAO,MOA and detection of POPs pesticides at DA, LGU, NGO, the municipal level Academe 51 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 4. Strengthen enforcement of current FPA-lead agency, 5 Monitoring Report regulatory policies to penalize those BOC who are involved in the illegal entry, use and distribution of POPs pesticides. 5. Review and enforce customs FPA-lead agency, 2 Number of trained customs control mechanisms, and sustain EMB,BOC Authorities training of customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention and additional national regulations. Objective 2 Strengthen programs/infrastructure for inspection, retrieval and proper disposal of P0Ps pesticides Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Enhance monitoring and FPA-lead agency, 2 Assessment Report inspection to include programs on EMB the illegal distribution of POPs pesticides by permitted dealers. 2. Verify the location of old DOH-lead agency, 2 Verification report and stockpiles of POPs pesticides (e.g., FPA, EMB, LGU management plan DDT) and develop management plan for its safe retrieval, storage and disposal of old stockpiles. 3. Ensure an environmentally sound FPA-lead agency, 5 Management plan and monitoring treatment, infrastructure for storage EMB,LGU report and disposal facilities for confiscated POPs Pesticides applying polluters-pay principle ( e.g., endosulfan). 4. Implement extended producer FPA-lead agency, 5 Report responsibility principle for used EMB,LGU,DA packaging material for pesticides. 52 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Objective 3 Strengthen the policy and regulatory framework on control of P0Ps pesticides import, export, use, distribution and disposal. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Develop policy recommendation FPA, PPTAC 2 Board Resolution for FPA to officially ban the importation, production, distribution, and use of Endosulfan, and Lindane in the country. 2. Sustain the training of customs FPA, EMB, BOC 5 Number of trained customs authorities for compliance with authorities Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Conventions. 3. Update government websites and Tariff 5 Updated website and separate maintain database for POPs Commission-lead AHTN code for each POP pesticides with information of agency, Bureau of AHTN and HS Codes and provide Customs (BOC), separate AHTN code for DDT and National Statistics for Hexachlorobenzene, and all Office (NSO), POPs pesticides with combined Bureau of Import AHTNCode. Services (BIS), FPA,EMB 4. Review the functionality of the FPA, BOC, EMB 1 Report National Single Window System Coordinate with BOC (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of POPs pesticides within government agencies. 5. Update the Pesticide Regulatory FPA (Agricultural 2 Updated Green Book Policies and Implementing pesticides), FDA Guidelines (Green Book) to review (Household and report the status of POPs pesticides) pesticides. 53 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Objective 4 Implement continuous environmental and health monitoring program to assess the risk from exposure to P0Ps pesticides Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) l. Assess existing health and DOH, EMB, FPA, 2 Assessment report environmental monitoring program OSHC,NGO, implemented by various agencies UP-NSRI, pertaining to POPs pesticides academe including their capacity to diagnose POPs related cases. 2. Assess POPs exposures of DOH,OSHC, 2 Assessment report agricultural workers including the EMB,FPA, women and children in the families academe of agricultural workers and other population possibly exposed to POPs pesticides 3. Capacity building / training in the EMB,DOH, 2 Number of trained personnel assessment of occupational DOLE-OSHC exposures of agricultural workers and other population possibly exposed to POPs pesticides 4. Implement, update, and DOH,OSHC, 5 Monitoring report periodically report the results of the EMB, health and environmental FPA,academe monitoring program of POPs pesticides and make them available as public information. Disseminate the information in seminars to various groups including women associations Objective 5 Promote sustainable agriculture practices and other national intervention programs that reduce the risk associated with pesticides in general Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Conduct studies on alternatives to FPA, Agricultural 2 Report pesticides and understanding of the Training Institute factors influencing the adoption of (ATI), LGU, sustainable agricultural practices by NGOs, DOST, conventional farmers to address the Research gaps of the current dissemination Institutions strategy and improve the adoption level of the farmers towards organic 54 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Farming, ICM and IPM. 2. Review and assess the FPA, Agricultural 2 Report intervention programs implemented Training Institute by the government on sustainable (ATI), LGU, agriculture practices. NGOs,EMB 3. Conduct cost-benefit analysis on FPA 1 Completed Cost benefit study the alternatives of pesticide including best agricultural practices (BAP). 4. Promote the adoption and FPA 5 Promotional and monitoring implementation/compliance of the programme FAO International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of 3.2-2. GOAL AND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGING PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE (PFOS) AND RELATED CHEMICALS Goal Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage and control the use of PFOS­ containing products, wastes and processes where PFOS is used in the country. Objectives 1. Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PFOS in the country. 2. Identify and promote safe alternatives of PFOS in all uses. 3. Manage and regulate the entry of PF OS and PF OS-containing products in the country. 4. Develop strategies for phasing-out the use of PFOS and for implementing environmentally sound management of stockpiles and wastes containing PFOS. 5. Establish and implement environmental and health-monitoring programs. Table 3.2.2. Action plan addressing PFOS Objective 1 Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PF0S in the country. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 55 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1. Develop policy recommendations EMB, Industry 1 DAO to enforce the disclosure of Associations, information relevant to the inventory DTI,DOH-FDA of PFOS from the industrial sector. Include PFOS and related chemicals in updating of the Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) and Priority Chemicals Lists (PCL). 2. Conduct a comprehensive EMB, DTI, FDA- 5 Inventory report inventory of PFOS specifically on DOH key industry sectors including the training of personnel on how to conduct inventory of PFOS. Key industry sectors include chromium plating industry and producers/users of fire-fighting foams, aviation hydraulic fluids and synthetic carpets 3. Conduct in-depth material flow EMB, Academe, 3 Material Flow analysis for open and closed research Analysis Report application of PFOS and PFOS institutions, containing products and some DOST alternatives. 4. Provide the needed facilities and EMB,DOST, 2 Needs assessment report instrumentation for the detection and DOH quantification of PFOS and PFOS related substances from articles, stockpiles, landfills, treatment facility and possible contaminated sites for a more comprehensive inventory of PFOS in the country. Objective 2 Identify and promote safe alternatives of PFOS in all uses. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review the available alternatives EMB,DOST, 1 Review report for PFOS currently used by other DOH, Industry countries and the activity of PO PRC and Secretariat including also their toxicity information. 56 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2. Initiate and undertake multi- EMB,NGO, l List of criteria to identify safe stakeholder consultation dialogue to Industry alternatives to PFOS develop criteria in the identification of safe alternatives to PFOS. 3. Prepare a complete list of EMB, Industry, l Complete list of alternatives alternatives to PFOS that will be DOST used in the country and establish a Associations, database of substances that are suitable as safe alternatives to PFOS. 4. Review reports on health and risk EMB,DOH, 2 Risk assessment report assessment of the available DOST, Research alternatives for PFOS institutions 5. Promote and encourage research EMB, Industry 2 Cost benefit analysis report on finding cost-effective Associations, alternatives for PFOS use in line NGO,DOST, with cleaner production in the Academe industry, and conduct cost-benefit analysis of the available alternatives forPFOS Objective 3 Manage and regulate PFOS and PFOS-containing products within the country as well as their import/export. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) I. Secure specific exemption and EMB I Letter of recommendation notify the SC Secretariat of acceptable purposes ( e.g., aviation industry) and review the need for specific exemption. 2. Strengthen policy on proper EMB, BOC, DTI, 2 Policy guidelines /Joint AO 2009-1 labelling of products/substances IACEH, IATAC, containing PFOS and related DOH, National chemicals within the GHS (Global Coordinating Harmonized System for Council for GHS Classification and Labelling of Chemical) framework. 3. Promote the implementation of EMB,DOST, 4 BAT/BEP demo projects BAT /BEP guidance documents Research specific to PFOS and related Institutions chemicals 57 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 4. Review the functionality of the EMB,BOC, 1 Review report National Single Window System Tariff (NSW) of the country in enhancing Commission information exchange of PFOS and PFOS-containing products within government agencies. 5. Review and enforce customs EMB,BOC 2 Number of trained custom control mechanisms, and train authorities custom authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. 6. Train customs authorities in EMB,BOC 2 Number of trained custom monitoring the entry of products and authorities articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PFOS and related chemicals. Objective 4 Develop strategies for phasing-out the use of PFOS and for implementing environmentally sound management of stockpiles and wastes containing PFOS. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Require industry ( e.g., PFOS- EMB, Industry, 1 Registration permit containing hydraulic fluids in IATAC aviation industry) to provide pollution prevention and mitigation plans a) To prevent release and manage the waste of PFOS and related substances b) To outline their plans and progress on phasing out the use of these substances within the 5-year exemption. 2. Review and update international EMB and 1 Report guidelines and other sources ( e.g., industry Basel Convention guideline on Associations PFOS management) for the storage and safe handling including transport of wastes containing PFOS. 58 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 3. Assess the capacity (facilities) of EMB,DOST, 2 Assessment report the country to adopt BAT/BEP for Industry the disposal and destruction of Associations stockpiles ( e.g., fire-fighting foams, synthetic carpets, and PFOS-based AFFF) wastes containing PFOS) 4. Develop and implement EMB, Industry 5 Monitoring program of facilities monitoring and evaluation program Associations of the relevant facilities with respect to safe handling, storage and transport of PFOS and related wastes. Objective 5 Establish and implement environmental and health monitoring programs to assess the risk associated from exposure to PFOS and related chemicals. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Conduct environmental EMB,DOST, 5 Report monitoring studies for PFOS in air, Industry soil and water near facilities ( e.g., Associations, airport) that have used or currently DOTC-CAAP, use PFOS-containing products. Research Institutions 2. Conduct environmental EMB,DOST, 5 Report monitoring studies for PFOS in Industry landfill leachate and sludge/bio- Associations, solids in wastewater treatment Research facilities. Institutions, LGUs,NGOs 3. Assess occupational exposures of EMB,OSHC, 5 Assessment report workers in facilities where articles IACEH,DOH, and wastes potentially containing DOLE-OSHA PFOS are used, stored, treated, or disposed. 4. Recognize and incorporate the EMB,OSHC, 5 Report requirement ofBAT/BEP in IACEH,DOH, occupational health and safety DOLE standards. 5. Conduct monitoring studies on EMB,IACEH, 5 Report indoor air and dust as well other DOH, Academe routes of exposure of PFOS to humans including consumer products used at homes where 59 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps women and children may be exposed. 6. Implement, update, and EMB and 5 Database periodically report the results of the Industry health and environmental associations and monitoring program of PFOS. women associations 3.2.3. GOAL AND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGING POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDE)AND RELATED CHEMICALS Goal Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the elimination of PBDE-containing products and wastes and control the entry of PBDE-containing products in the country. Objectives 1. Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PBDE in the country. 2. Establish and implement national strategies on the proper management of storage, treatment, and disposal of PB DE-containing wastes such as WEEEs and ELV s. 3. Eliminate PBDE from the recycling streams. 4. Establish a baseline conditions that could be used for risk assessment in evaluating the effectiveness of the action plans and other efforts to reduce the environmental and health risk associated with PBDE in the country. Table 3.2.3 Action plan addressing PBDE management Objective 1 Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PBDE in the country. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Prepare a list of knowledge EMB, Academe, 1 Database of knowledge resources resources and expertise on DOST, Industry and expertise, Report management of PEDE-containing materials including related Comprehensive list of articles that researches in and out of the country. contain c octaBDEs and C Compile and review international pentaBDEs 60 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Studies conducted pertaining to inventory and monitoring of PBDE. 2. Identify and prepare a list of EMB,NSWMC 1 Database of recyclers, junkshops recyclers, junkshops as well as as well as treatment and disposal treatment and disposal facilities of facilities the products possibly containing POP-PBDE. 3. Conduct inventory on recyclers of EMB/DOST, 1 (inventory) Inventory report polyurethane foam containing DOTC- 1.0 (screening) brominated flame retardants and LTO/LTFRB evaluate the presence of PBDE in polyurethane foam in the country. 4. Conduct material flow analysis of EMB,DOH- 2 MFA report articles containing PBDE in FDA, Academe households and private and government institutions with the inclusion of minor uses of PBDE in all inventory procedures. 5. Update the existing database of EMB,BOC, 5 Database second-hand EEEs and link to the NSO, BIS, Database should be updated to National e-waste inventory DOTC, DTI- contain information on the type , BETP/BTRCP date of manufacture of the second hand EEEs 6. Update the existing database to BOC, NSO, BIS, 5 Database should be updated to include second-hand vehicles and DOTC, DTI contain information on the type , link to the transport sector inventory. date of manufacture of the second hand vehicles 7. Purchase additional portable EMB,BOC, 2 Purchased XRF, training equipment ( e.g., XRF) to detect DOST guidelines/ procedures, and trained bromine as an indication for PBDEs personnel in samples and products including adequate training to personnel on the inventory analysis and use of equipment. 8. Conduct sampling and analysis to EMB,DOST, 1 Report monitor products known/suspected other research to contain PBDE and other institutions brominated flame retardant such as HBCD. 61 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 9. Adopt standard protocols for EMB,DOST 1 AO, Standardized procedures sampling and test methods and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in imported brand new and second hand EEEs and vehicles. 10. Adopt standard protocols for EMB,DOST 1 AO, Standardized procedures sampling and test methods, and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in products used in buildings and in construction industries ( e.g. tapes, insulation, and fire retardants). 11. Identify or include the inventory EMB,DOST 1 Inventory report including list of of foam manufacturers recycling foam manufacturers their own scrap foams ( and turning them into rebounded foams for reselling). 12. Enforce custom control EMB,BOC, 2 Assessment and Monitoring Report mechanisms, and train customs DOH-FDA authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. 13. Hire and train customs EMB,BOC, 2 Number of hired and trained authorities in monitoring the entry of DOH-FDA customs authorities products and articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PBDE and related chemicals. 14. Review the functionality of the EMB,BOC 1 Report National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of PBDE containing materials within government agencies. Objective 2 Establish and implement national strategies on the proper management of storage, treatment, and disposal of PBDE-containing wastes such as WEEEs and ELVs. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 62 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 1. Review the SMRs to include the EMB, DTI-BIS, 1 Report , Memorandum Circular management plan (storage, Accredited TSDs treatment, and disposal) ofWEEEs and ELVs internationally and in the country. Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation programs for handling, storage, and disposal ofWEEEs and ELVs. 2. Strengthen the regulatory EMB,IATAC, 3 DAO or MC framework and practical IACEH implementation for the waste management of PBDE and HBCD containing WEEE and end of live vehicles (ELY). 3. Develop policy recommendations EMB, IATAC, 3 Policy recommendation to stop the export of waste materials IACEH containing brominated diphenyl ethers except for the purpose of environmentally sound disposal in the importing country as set forth in paragraph 1 ( d) of Article 6 of the Stockholm Convention. 4. Develop policy recommendation EMB,IATAC 3 DAO to regulate the reuse and recycling of articles containing brominated diphenyl ethers (in particular to sensitive uses). Objective 3 Eliminate PBDE from the recycling streams. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review the PBDE BAT/BEP EMB,DOST, 2 Report consisting of the different guidelines and possibly further other research techniques employed by other techniques employed by other institutions countries countries in eliminating PBDE from the recycling streams. 2. Develop strategies allowing waste EMB,DOST 5 Guidelines/plan and monitoring separation in the recycling streams report 3. Implement effective screening and EMB,DOST 5 Report separation techniques to separate materials containing the substances in the recycling. 63 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Objective 4 Establish baseline conditions that could be used for risk assessment in evaluating the effectiveness of the action plans and other efforts to reduce the environmental and health risk associated with PBDE in the country. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Conduct a nationwide survey of EMB, other 5 Survey report PBDE in selected waste streams in research the country. institutions 2. Conduct biota monitoring studies EMB, other 5 Environmental monitoring report on the presence of PBDE in air, research land, and water streams to determine institutions the level of contamination. 3. Identify the list of industries that EMB,OSHC, 5 Assessment report use PBDE and assess occupational DOH,DOLE exposures of workers in facilities where articles and wastes potentially containing PBDEs are stored, sorted, treated, recycled, recovered or disposed. 4. Conduct monitoring on indoor air EMB,OSHC, 5 Monitoring report and dust as well other routes of DOH exposure of PBDE to humans including consumer products at home where women and children maybe exposed 5. Determine the need to implement EMB,DOST, 5 Report any remedial actions of sites DOH contaminated or stockpiles containing PBDEs 6. Make an analysis of polymer EMB 2 Report scrap produced in the WEEE recycling facility for PBDE content 7. Conduct an environmental EMB 5 Report monitoring and evaluation for PBDE in waste streams 64 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 8. Implement, update, and EMB,DOH 5 Database periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of PBDE. Disseminate the information to different social groups including women associations. 3 .2.4. GO ALAND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGING POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) Goal Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the total elimination and destruction of PCB-containing products, equipment, and wastes Objectives 1. Prepare a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PCBs, PCB containing materials, and PCB wastes. 2. Strengthen and implement programs on safe handling, storage, and transport of PCBs, PCB-containing materials and PCB wastes. 3. Strengthen and implement continuous integrated environmental and health monitoring program. 4. Eliminate and destroy all PCBs, PCB-containing materials, and PCB wastes not later than 2025. Table 3.2.4. Action plan addressing PCBs Objective 1 Prepare a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PCBs, PCB containing materials, and PCB wastes. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) I. Review and conduct gap analysis EMB and IATAC I Report of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP including description on the current situation of the project and further activities planned. 2. Update the list of knowledge EMB, Research I List of resources and expertise resources and expertise on PCB Institutions (UP management and related research NSRI, DLSU ARRPET) 65 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 3. Update the profile of potential EMB and IATAC 1 Updated database sources of PCBs in the country consisting of PCB owners, treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and servicing facilities. 4. Update the list of laboratories for EMB 1 AO, list of accredited laboratories sampling and analysis of PCBs Objective 2 Strengthen and implement programs on safe handling, storage, and transport of PCBs, PCB-containing materials and PCB wastes. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review the guidelines (including EMB and IATAC 1 Revised CCO the CCO) for the safe handling, labelling, storage, treatment and disposal requirements, spill prevention and clean-up requirements, and develop recommendation to address gaps identified and possibly update guidelines with information from the most recent international guidelines on PCB management. 2. Review the current guidelines on EMB and IATAC 1 Revised CCO the stringent regulation for PCB-free ( <2ppm) and the prohibitive cost of transportation and treatment of PCB equipment carcass. 3. Develop an environmentally EMB and IATAC 2 Revised CCO sound management plan for equipment containing oils of less than 50ppm to be decontaminated and allowed to be retro-filled and reused by owners, instead of decommissioning for disposal. 4. Conduct additional training for EMB, NEAand 2 Number of trainings conducted operators, owners of PCB- Research containing equipment on storage and Institutions (UP disposal facilities NSRI,DLSU ARRPET, etc. 66 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Objective 3 Strengthen and implement continuous integrated environmental and health monitoring program with respect to PCB Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) I .Review and conduct gap analysis EMB andNEA 1 Report of existing projects or programs derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. 2. Assess and provide adequate EMB,DOH, 2 Assessment report and staffing of EMB Offices in NEA Memorandum circular provincial, regional, and national levels to sustain the existing health and environmental monitoring program implemented by various agencies pertaining to PCBs 3. Formalize and institutionalize a EMB, Academe, 2 Memorandum circular multi-sectoral participation of NGO, Industry NGOs, EMB and the academe in the Associations health and environmental monitoring program. 4. Implement, update, and EMB,DOH 5 Monitoring report, Database periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program and make them available as public information subject to the terms of CBI. Objective 4 Eliminate and destroy all PCBs, PCB-containing materials, and PCB wastes not later than 2025 Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review and monitor the progress EMB,PAFC- 4 Monitoring report of projects ( e.g., POPs Destruction PNOC Facility Project) derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. 2. Develop and implement EMB,IATAC, 5 Memorandum Circular, Revised incentives as part of the regulatory DOE,NEA cco activity for electric utilities to comply with the phase-out of PCB. 67 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 3.2.5. GOAL AND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGEMENT OF UNINTENTIONALLY PRODUCED POPS Goal Achieve progressive reductions and continuous monitoring in the releases of dioxins and furans, and other unintentional POPs ( e.g., PeCBs) in the Philippines, based on scientific knowledge. Objectives 1. Prepare an updated inventory of dioxin and furan and possibly other UPOP releases for all significant sources by obtaining best-estimate nationwide activity data and most appropriate emission factors. 2. Strengthen and implement programs on BAT /BEP promotion, adoption and monitoring across the most significant dioxin and furan source categories. 3. Strengthen the infrastructure to monitor and control dioxins and furans and other UPOP releases including information on the prevention of environmental and health effects ofUPOPs. Table 3.2.5 Action plan addressing Unintentional POPs (U-POPs) Objective 1 Prepare an updated inventory of dioxin and furan and possibly other UPOP releases for all significant sources by obtaining best-estimate nationwide activity data and most appropriate emission factors. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Create publicly available EMB,NSC 2 Database catalogue and a database of information on emission factors significant in the country as regards the nature and quantity of releases of unintentional POPs (D/F) based on the updated inventory. Objective 2 Strengthen and implement policies/programs on BAT/BEP promotion, adoption and monitoring across the most significant dioxin and furan source categories. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) I .Review and conduct gap analysis EMB and DOST 1 Report of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. 68 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2. Create publicly available EMB,NSC 3 Number of trainings/workshops catalogue and a database of and number of participants information on emission factors significant in the country as regards the nature and quantity of releases of unintentional POPs (D/F) based on the updated inventory. 3. Sustain seminar workshops to EMB,NSC 3 Number of trainings/workshops LGUs (officials, farmers and and number of participants households and women associations ) to assist in promoting the implementation of BAT /BEP for unintentional POPs particularly in minimizing the release of dioxins/furans from open burning. 4. Promote and encourage the EMB,NSC 2 Number of industries availed in the availment of financing programs financing program (soft loan) and incentives for industries/LGUs that adopt BAT/BEP. 5. Conduct studies on feasible POPs DOST,EMB, 3 Reports reduction linked with technologies DOE, Research on air pollution control device. Institutions 6. Conduct studies on feasible POPs EMB,DOST, 5 Reports reduction linked with sustainable DTI production and consumption. 7. Conduct studies on feasible POPs EMB,DOST, 5 Reports reduction linked with waste Research utilization. institution Objective 3 Strengthen the infrastructure to monitor and control dioxins and furans and other UPOP releases including information on the prevention of environmental and health effects of UPOPs Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) I .Review and conduct gap analysis EMB and DOST 1 Report of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. 69 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 2. Strengthen the enforcement and EMB,LGUs 2 Report monitoring compliance by increasing manpower and enhancing the technical capacity ofLGUs. 3. Provide adequate number of EMB 3 Number of trained personnel personnel of EMB laboratories in regional and central offices with training on sampling and analysis to monitor UPOPs. 4. Establish a dioxin laboratory to EMB 2 Dioxin laboratory support the enforcement of the provision on dioxins/furans in the Clean Air Act (RA 8749). 5. Conduct health and risk EMB,DOH, 1 Report assessment based on the major NGO, Academe sources of dioxins/furans and other UPOPs identified from the updated third National Inventory. 6. Implement, update, and EMB,DOH, 3 Database periodically report the results of the Academe health and environmental monitoring ofUPOPs and make them available as public information. Disseminate the information to barangay health workers and women associations. 7. Integrate in the curricula and/or CHED, 5 Curricula and/or extracurricular extra-curricular activities the PATLEPAM, activities integrated with environmental and health impacts of EMB,DepEd, environmental and health impacts dioxins and furans. of dioxins and furans 3.2.6. GOAL AND ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGEMENT OF POPS CONTAMINATED SITES Goal Obtain a comprehensive identification of all contaminated and potentially contaminated sites with corresponding management strategies to protect public health and environment. Objectives 1. Establish criteria or guidelines for the identification of contaminated sites. 70 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 2. Establish a group and a pool of trained personnel and local experts with the appropriate mandate for the identification and prioritization, assessment, and management of contaminated sites. 3. Identify potential POPs- and newly identified POPs-contaminated sites throughout the Philippines based on historical information, including an initial ranking of priorities for assessment. 4. Develop risk management, communication and prioritized clean-up plans for remediation of POPs contaminated sites that includes the newly identified POPs. Action Plan Implementation Strategy The Environmental Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources shall be the lead agency in implementing the activities and actions addressing the national priorities for managing the POPs contaminated sites. To ensure that national priorities are addressed, the Technical Working Group shall be tasked to monitor the activities under each objective to effectively manage the POPs contaminated sites. Table 3.2.6Action plan addressing POPs contaminated sites Objective 1 Establish criteria or guidelines for the identification of contaminated sites Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review and evaluate the progress EMB 1 Report of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP (2006). 2. Review and update the criteria or EMB 2 Report guidelines to include sites potentially contaminated with newly identified POPs of concern such as endosulfan, PBDE and PFOS. Objective 1 Establish a group and a pool of trained personnel and local experts with the appropriate mandate for the identification and prioritization, assessment, and management of contaminated sites. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review and evaluate the progress EMB 1 Report of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP, including the 71 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Identification of training needs, capacity-building for identification and management of contaminated sites (through intensive field and desk-based training), and provision of necessary equipment and other resources. 2. Strengthen the infrastructure EMB, FPA, NSC 5 Monitoring report (facilities and instrumentation) needed for the analysis of new POPS such as PFOS and PFOS-related substances and PBDE. 3. Train personnel on the use of the EMB, FPA, NSC, 2 Number of trained personnel new equipment to identify and DOST quantify contamination levels of suspected hotpots for new POPS such as endosulfan, PFOS and PBDE. Objective 3 Identify potentially POPS and newly identified POPs contaminated sites throughout the country based on historical information, including an initial ranking of possible priorities for assessment. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review and evaluate the progress EMB 1 Report of implemented and on-going activities identified or contained in the initial NIP (2006). 2. Identify, map out and create a EMB 1 List of identified POPs database for new POPs- contaminated sites in the country contaminated sites in the country. 3. Update the guidelines and EMB,FPA, 1 Established guidelines/procedures procedures to include the newly DOST,DOH identified POPs in prioritizing sites for assessment. 4. Identify priority sites and conduct EMB, Academe, 5 List of identified priority sites and on-site assessment and LGU assessment and monitoring report environmental monitoring of suspected sites for possible contamination of POPs pesticides, PFOS, PBDE and related chemical ( e.g., practice areas and areas of (former) fire events where PFOS 72 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps Containing fire-fighting foams were used). Objective 4 Develop risk management, communication and prioritized clean-up plans for remediation of POPs contaminated sites that includes the newly identified POPs. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Review and evaluate implemented EMB,DOST 1 Report and on-going projects on the remediation of POPs-contaminated sites. 2. Develop a harmonized transparent EMB, Academe, 2 Established guidelines/procedures and science-based risk assessment, IACEH, IATAC, risk management and risk PPTAC communication procedure to manage contaminated sites. 3. Conduct site-specific risk EMB,FPA, 2 Report assessment on identified hotspots to Academe. DOH prioritize sites for remediation. 4. Develop clean-up and EMB,FPA, 3 Plans/programmes management plans for hotspots, Academe, LGU including Information Management Program (for the affected receptors including setting-up of information center). 5. Monitor the clean-up, destruction, EMB,LGU 5 Monitoring report and management plans for prioritized contaminated sites. 3.2.7. GOAL AND ACTION PLAN FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS, INFORMATION, AND EDUCATION (IEC) OF POPS Goal Achieve high level of awareness and knowledge across all sectors on POPs management to support the implementation of the updated National Implementation Plan 73 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Objectives I .Strengthen the current program to sustain awareness and understanding of the health, environmental risks, and economic and social impacts of POPs. 2.Create and implement educational programs on POPs in all levels. 3.Strengthen the political lobbying programs to sustain POPs reduction and elimination as a public health priority, environmental issue, and priority action agenda. 4.Strengthen and sustain the network for information exchange and communication on POPs and the National Implementation Plan. Table 3.2.7. Action plan addressing information, education and communication (IEC) relevant to POPs management Goal Achieve high level of awareness and knowledge across all sectors on POPs management to support the implementation of the updated National Implementation Plan Objective 1 Strengthen the current program to sustain awareness and understanding of the health, environmental risks, economic and social impact of POPs. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Develop and maintain an on-line EMB, FPA, DOH, 5 Publicly accessible on-line portal portal for dissemination of IEC NSC materials that include documented testimonials, popularized technical reports, and risk studies. 2. Capability building programs for DOLE 2 years Trained DOLE personnel in the DOLE-BWC, OSHC and Labor Law risk assessment and enforcement in Compliance Officers POPs management 3. Sustain a series of seminars and EMB, FPA, DOH, 5 Number of seminars/lectures and lectures to various organizations for Academe, CHED, participants both formal and non-formal DOST,DOLE organization. 4. Write a monograph for POPs EMB, Academe, 5 Monograph DOST 74 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 5. Develop strategies to sustain EMB,PIA, 3 Report media coverage on POPs Academe, CHED, Identify gaps on IEC programs LGU,DepEd Develop a policy recommendation or program that coordinates and utilizes the existing government resources to effectively reach and disseminate the information on POPs and its environmental, health, and economic impacts. Create programs in raising public awareness and education that involve multi-sectoral participation of government agencies, LGUs and NGOs. 6. Implement, update, and EMB,DOH 5 Survey report periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs in general and make them available as public information. Encourage the participation of women groups in disseminating the information in the community. Objective 2 Create and implement educational programs on P0Ps at all levels. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Develop policy recommendation EMB,FPA, 2 Amendment on RA 9512 to incorporate explicitly the topic of CHED,DOST, POPs in the implementing rules and DepEd regulation (IRR) of RA 9512 (an act to promote environmental awareness through environmental education). 2. Prepare training module of POPs EMB,DepEd, 3 Number of training modules for potential trainers among teachers CHED,DOST, and student leaders PATLEPAM, Academe 3. Conduct National Orientation EMB,FPA, 5 Number of National orientation seminar and training of potential CHED,DOST, seminar/ trainings and number of trainers among teachers and student DepEd, trained teachers and students leaders from different schools PATLEPAM nationwide. 75 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 4. Provide research grant for faculty CHED,DOST 5 Number of graduates, and students involved in POPs- researches/paper related research work. presentation/output, and publications 5. Provide incentive mechanism for CHED, DepEd, 5 Number of schools that conduct schools implementing outreach DOST orientation seminars of the programs I extension services environmental and health effects of including POPs management as one POPs in their respective of the topics communities 6. Involve national television EMB, PIA, NSC, 5 Number of media coverage networks in the advocacy to include local media POPs as one topic in their networks educational TV shows. 7. Work with Philippine Association CHED, 5 MOA between EMB and of Tertiary Level Educational PATLEPAM, PATLEPAM promoting POPs Institutions in Environmental NSC awareness through environmental Protection and Management education (PATLEPAM) in the promotion of environmental awareness through environmental education. EMB,DepED, 5 Number of curricula which CHED,DOST integrates POPs education Objective 3 Strengthen the political advocacy or lobbying programs to sustain P0Ps reduction and elimination as a public health priority, environmental issue, and priority action agenda. Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Identify target advocacy groups EMB, FPA, NSC 1 List of identified advocacy groups and develop specific/key messages and list strategies per group and delivery methods per group 2. Conduct series of lobbying EMB, FPA, NSC 5 Number of activities supporting the activities for legislative and reduction and elimination of POPs budgetary support for the reduction for legislative and budgetary & elimination of POPs. support, bills/resolutions that will be pushed through with the legislative bodies 76 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on P0Ps 3. Integrate POPs reduction and EMB, FPA, NSC, 3 Memorandum Circular, National elimination in agency's plans, Senate, Congress Agencies Programme/plan programs, services, and resource integrating POPs reduction and allocation and present these elimination effectively during regular Congress/Senate hearings on government program and budget allocations. 4. Enlist journalists, media agencies EMB, FPA, PIA, 3 Number of journalist and media and associations and environment- NSC, local media association involved in POPs friendly journalist associations in networks, PCIJ, related committees or task force committees or task forces. PCPJ Objective 4 Strengthen and sustain the network for information exchange and communication on P0Ps and the National Implementation Plan Strategies/ Activities Implementing Time frame Performance Indicators Partner/ Agency (No. Of Years) 1. Make a survey of partner EMB, FPA, NSC, 2 Survey report stakeholders to establish common Industry interest and preferred organizations, communication mechanisms. women organizations 2. Sustain regular coordination EMB, FPA, NSC 1 Memorandum Circular, minutes of meetings, including reporting on meetings POPs updates and the activities under the National Implementation Plan (NIP), and support the country's participation to COP. 3. Organize national conferences and CHED,DOST, Number of conferences/symposia symposia as regards POPs PATLEPAM- and participants EMB, Academe 4. Develop and maintain information EMB,FPA, 5 Established clearing house and clearing house that would serve as DOST,NSC monitoring report the focal center for POPs information such as BAT /BEP practices, results of environment and health monitoring, international updates on POPs, and POPs issues, etc. 77 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 5. Sustain the participation in local, EMB, FPA, NSC, 5 Number of forums attended national, and international forums on Academe POPs, including presentations during regular meetings of business associations. 6. Establish and maintain an intra- EEMB,FPA, 3 Functional NSW agency and Local Government Unit NSC reporting/ information exchange system under the National Single Window (NSW) system. 78 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs CHAPTER 4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF POPS AND THE NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 4.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF POPs The UNEP/World Bank Interim Guidance for Developing a National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention enumerates several activities that should be undertaken in the socio-economic assessment of the environmental impacts of persistent organic pollutants: • Determine the nature and characteristics of the risks of concern; • Determine the types of regulatory and non-regulatory measures or instruments that could be adopted to reduce or mitigate damage; • Assess the costs of risk reduction and their distribution, where this includes costs to industry, consumers, regulators, and society more generally; • Asses the benefits of risk reduction and their distribution, where these may relate to environmental and human health gains or to increased technical or product innovation; • Assess the wider trade, competition, and economic development implications of adopting a change in policy where feasible. The data and resources to conduct a comprehensive socio-economic assessment of the impacts of POPs are not available at the time of writing of this report, thus, the socio-economic assessment being presented is a simplistic analysis of the existing status of POPs, the known risks to the most vulnerable sectors and cost of risk reduction associated with the action plans to manage the POPs in the country. Sound estimates of the economic value of damage to the environment and the cost of investments that would mitigate such damage, to improve the design of policies and projects, and to arrive at environmentally sound investment decisions; were generated during various consultations and focused group discussions with concerned government agencies, industry representatives and the non-government (NGOs) and peoples' organizations (Pos). 4.1.1. PERSISTENT ORGANIC PESTICIDES POPs Pesticides have been linked to many health problems including endocrine disruption, reproductive and neurological effects and cancer. POPs pesticides are distributed in all the environment media. The most vulnerable sector to the adverse effects of POPs pesticides are the farmers who apply these pesticides. In the Philippines, most farmers prepare and apply pesticide solutions without appropriate personal protection equipment (Fig.4.1.la). The lack of awareness on the health effects of POPs pesticides and on the safe storage and handling of these pesticides in their homes, expose not only the farmers but their families as well to the adverse health effects of POPs. Reproductive defects were observed in off springs of women exposed to POPs pesticides at the critical period of the fetus formation. However, all humans and wildlife could be exposed to these chemicals through contaminated drinking water, food and air. 80 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Fig.4.1.1. Unsafe application of pesticides commonly occurring in farms To date, the most of the listed initial POPs pesticides in the SC are banned, some are not registered for any use. More efforts have to be done to phase out the remaining stockpiles of DDT and endosulfan and to institute regulatory action to ban the use of endosulfan. 4.1.2. PFOS AND OTHER RELATED CHEMICALS PFOS and its related compounds have been linked to reproductive defects such as lower sperm count in men and delayed pregnancy in women. Developmental defects such as reduced weight and size at birth and neurological effects such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been associated with higher serum levels of PFOS. The identified sectors that handle majority of the PFOS articles and other PFOS-related substances are industries with metal plating processes, electronics and semiconductor industries, paper and packaging industries, and fire-fighting substances. In the conduct of inventory, the findings suggest that there are still gaps in the awareness of the use of PFOS among members of the industrial sectors. The quantity of articles based on importation data handled by the industries with metal-plating processes and paper and packaging industries and the nature of the processes involved in the manufacture of their products suggest considerable volumes of sewage sludge that could contain PFOS. Sampling and testing would determine whether or not these sectors possess contaminated sites or are involved in other environmentally unsound practices. In addition to these, the quantity of articles being handled implies the need to apply for exemption for specific purposes in the use of PFOS until an economically and environmentally sound alternative substance for PFOS is available. A more comprehensive inventory of PFOS should include consumer items like carpets and household utensils which may contain PFOS and which could expose women and children at home. 4.1.3 POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYLETHERS (PBDES) PBDEs are a class of brominated flame retardants that are used as additives in many polymers for manufacture of consumer products such as electrical and electronic equipment, textiles, upholsteries and in many plastics to reduce their flammability. However, the benefits derived from using PBDEs are 81 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs outweighed by their negative impacts on the environment and wildlife due to their persistence, potential to bioaccumulate, and toxicity. PBDEs have been linked to neurological disorders and delay in development of babies. The most vulnerable sectors of society exposed to the hazards of PBDEs are those involved in recycling of electronic wastes and scavenging in dump sites especially in the informal sector. Although the Philippines does not produce PBDE, data reveals a staggering amount of importation and application in commodities found in the country's consumer market. The inventory of PBDE under the Enabling Activity only covered the electronics and transportation applications of POP-PBDE. The main challenge in efforts to eliminate POP-PBDEs is the identification of potential contaminated sites, existing stockpiles, POP-PBDE-containing articles still being used by consumers, and their disposal practices at their end-of-life. 4.1.4 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) In studies on humans exposed to PCBs, effects on sperm motility, fetal growth rate (lower birth weight, smaller head circumference) and development (shorter gestational age, neuromuscular immaturity) neurological functions of the offspring (impaired autonomic function, increased number of abnormally weak reflexes, reduced memory capacity, lower IQ scores, and attention deficit) have been observed. Epidemiological studies suggest exposure-related increases in cancers of the digestive system, especially liver cancer, and malignant melanoma. The most vulnerable sector exposed to the hazards of PCBs are those working in electric utilities with transformers filled or contaminated with PCB oil. However, all humans and wildlife can be exposed to PCBs through the food chain and air. The inventory of the stockpile of PCBs and the environmentally safe disposal of these stockpiles before 2020 remains the priority of the government in its efforts to manage POPs. Fig.4.1.4 is a common sight found during field inspections of PCB storage areas. There is a need to strengthen the existing program on safe handling, storage and transport of PCB-containing material. These issues are being considered in the updating and revision of the CCO for PCBs. Fig. 4.1.4. Unsafe handling of PCB transformers and PCB oils. 82 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 4.1.5 UNINTENTIONALLY PRODUCED POPs Dioxins and Furans are the most toxic among the POPs listed in the Convention. They cause multiple adverse health effects such as malformations of the reproductive organs of offsprings of parents exposed to these chemicals, neurological and behavioural problems of children, endocrine related problems and various types of cancer. These compounds are not produced commercially for any industrial use but can be formed as a result of burning of organic matter especially plastics and other substances with chlorine compounds. Since burning is a popular option in disposal of waste in households and in farms in the Philippines, an intensive education of the population on the adverse health effects of dioxins and furans could be the most effective way to reduce the production ofUPOPs. The third National Inventory has been completed and there are on-going projects that have addressed some issues relevant to dioxins and furan. Significant progress has also been achieved in the information, education, and communication campaigns to increase the understanding of these UP-POPs as regards environmental and health impacts. However, there is still a need to strengthen the programs on BAT/BEP promotion and adoption, and the infrastructure to monitor and control dioxins and furans releases. 4.1.6. POPs CONTAMINATED SITES To protect the population from exposure to POPs, a comprehensive identification of all contaminated and potentially contaminated sites with POPs and the subsequent remediation or control of access to these sites should be done. POP-PBDEs could have contaminated sites where products and industrial goods suspected to contain PBDE are used. Landfills are the ultimate destination of many POP-PBDEs-containing materials due to their widespread application in a multitude of consumer and industrial goods. There have been no studies conducted yet for PFOS contamination. However, landfill and dumpsites are potential sites of PFOS contamination as literature shows that PFOS is found at the parts-per-billion (ppb) level in landfill leachate. 4.1.7. PUBLIC AWARENESS, INFORMATION, AND EDUCATION (IEC) OF POPS The cooperation of the general public on the efforts of the country to phase out POPs and reduce the unintentionally produced POPs can only be attained if there is a clear understanding of the adverse health effects of POPs and the awareness of the importance to phase out the POPs in the environment across all sectors of the society. National and local government officials, farmers, households and industrial sectors must all be reached out to create a high level of public awareness on the health effects of POPs and the country's efforts to eliminate POPs in the environment. Women associations in the LGUs are important partners in the POPs education campaign not only because they are most vulnerable to the adverse effects of POPs but because they are the most empowered in managing POPs containing waste in the home environment. 83 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs 4.2. SOCIO- ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF POPs PHASE-OUT The most important socio-economic benefit of POPs phase out is the protection of human health from the adverse effects of POPs. The weight of scientific evidence strongly suggests that overexposure to certain POPs can cause serious immune and metabolic effects, neurological defects, reproductive anomalies, cancer, and other abnormalities in both humans and animals. The improved health of the population is a critical factor in an atmosphere of high industrial productivity. Keeping the workforce and society healthy would eliminate income losses due to sickness and medical expenses. A healthy workforce would promote labor productivity and encourage investments in the various sectors of the economy like industry, manufacturing, services, infrastructure, and tourism. The phase out of POPs would result to a healthy environment. Wild life will be healthy and natural biodiversity will be preserved. Water bodies and the atmosphere will be less contaminated and will promote the health of all living things in the environment. 4.3. SUMMARY ESTIMATES OF 5-YEAR DEFENSIVE EXPENDITURES TO SUPPORT THE NIP Table 4.1 summarizes the projected defensive expenditures required over a 5-year period designed to reduce or eliminate POPs in the country. For all the identified POPs sources, the total amount of US$ 36. 74 million will be needed to implement all the identified defensive or abatement programs and activities. Compared to the 2006 NIP total budget of US$ 34. 7 6 million, a 5. 7% increase was estimated in this updated NIP. The cost estimates cover six basic types of cost items to effectively implement the action plans: ( 1) human resources, (2) facilities, (3) equipment, (4) services, (5) materials, and (6) miscellaneous costs. The cost estimates are based on the following key assumptions: The currency exchange rate is USD 1. 00 to PhP 4 3. 00. • Sixteen ( 16) regions in the Philippines are included in the regional plans. • Contingency factor of20% is assumed for all costs. • According to resource requirement allotment by sector, the cost of strategies and action plan addressing POPs pesticides including DDT and Endosulfan accounts for 20 percent of the total cost across all sectors; PFOS and related chemicals account for 13 percent; PBDE and related chemicals account for 15 percent; PCBs account for 17 percent; Unintentional POPs account for 15 percent; POPs contaminated sites and information for 10%, education and public awareness of POPs both account for 10 percent of total cost across all sectors. • The details of the action plans and corresponding resource and cost requirements to address the POPs pesticides the industrial chemicals PFOS, PBDEs, PCBs, the UPOPs, the contaminated sites and the IEC are listed in Appendix 5. 84 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs Table 4.3a. Summary of Five Year Defensive Expenditures to Support the NIP Project Proposed Schedule of Resources Cost Proposed Schedule of Cost in Percentage(%) of allocation (US$ (US$ 1000) Task/ 1000) Activities Total Year Year Year Year Year Total Year Year Year Year Year 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Goal 1-7 100 12 31 24 17 16 36,737 4,981 7,860 9,307 8,453 6,136 1. POPs 100 12 31 24 17 16 7,395 880 2,262 1,756 1,289 1,208 2. PFOS 100 18 24 25 19 14 4,853 855 1,178 1,205 932 683 3.PBDE 100 19 18 29 20 14 5,656 1,098 1,028 1,614 1,124 791 4. PCBs 100 10 23 25 22 20 6,123 628 1,386 1,557 1,343 1,209 5. UPOPs 100 6 8 23 43 20 5,551 337 457 1,283 2,361 1,113 6. Contami 100 13 24 30 19 13 3,667 492 882 1,105 700 487 nated Sites 7.IEC 100 20 19 23 20 18 3,492 690 666 788 705 643 85 National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention on POPs APPENDICES Appendix 1 Details on estimation of c-OctaBDEs from TVs and CRTs Table 2.5.7a. Estimated amount of c-OctaBDEs in the Philippines Inventory. Year Estimated amount of PBDE in TVs (kg) Estimated amount of PBDE in PCs (kg) Total PBDE in CRTs (kg) heptaBDE (43%) hexaBDE (11%) 1990 42,509 1,415 43,924 18,887.37 4,832 1991 43,504 1,448 44,952 19,329.33 4,945 1992 44,522 1,482 46,004 19,781.64 5,060 1993 45,563 1,517 47,080 20,244.53 5,179 1994 46,630 1,552 48,182 20,718.25 5,300 1995 47,721 1,589 49,309 21,203.06 5,424 1996 48,837 1,626 50,463 21,699.21 5,551 1997 49,980 1,664 51,644 22,206.97 5,681 1998 51,150 1,703 52,853 22,726.61 5,814 1999 52,347 1,743 54,089 23,258.42 5,950 2000 76,345 10,357 86,702 37,281.85 9,537 2001 77,796 10,553 88,349 37,990.20 9,718 2002 79,274 10,754 90,028 38,712.02 9,903 2003 80,780 10,958 91,738 39,447.54 10,091 2004 82,315 11,166 93,482 40,197.05 10,283 A1 Appendix 2. Details of the estimation of c-octaBDE from importation of CRTs Table 2.5.7b. Estimated amount of c-octaBDE from importation of CRTs (UNComtrade) in the Philippines Inventory Year Amount of Imported TV (kg) Amount of Imported PC (kg) Total Amount of imported CRT devices (kg) Amount of PBDE from Imported TV (kg) Amount of PBDE from Imported PC (kg) Total Amount of PBDE from Imported CRTs (kg) Amount of heptaBD E (kg) Amount of hexa BDE (kg) 1996 16,183,322 163,468 16,346,790 4,224 125 4,348 1,870 478 1997 19,861,703 200,623 20,062,326 5,184 153 5,337 2,295 587 1998 13,642,586 137,804 13,780,390 3,561 105 3,666 1,576 403 1999 22,780,020 230,101 23,010,121 5,946 175 6,121 2,632 673 2000 21,884,255 911,844 22,796,099 5,712 695 6,407 2,755 705 2001 17,256,988 719,041 17,976,029 4,504 548 5,052 2,172 556 2002 38,860,521 1,619,188 40,479,709 10,143 1,234 11,376 4,892 1,251 2003 29,445,207 1,226,884 30,672,091 7,685 935 8,620 3,707 948 2004 36,262,910 1,510,955 37,773,865 9,465 1,151 10,616 4,565 1,168 TOTAL by the end of 2004 6,719,908 222,897,420 52,198 5,121 61,543 26,463 6,770 A2 Appendix 3. Details on the vehicle registration to estimate c-pentaBDE Table 2.5.7c. Estimated amount of c-pentaBDE motor vehicle registration Year Registered Vehicles Estimated Cars/Trucks Amount of c pentaBDE (kg) Estimated Bus Population Amount of c-pentaBDE (kg) 2004 4,872,854 2,597,263 20,778.10 28,225 1,411.25 A3 Appendix 4. Details on the estimation of c-pentaBDEfrom disposed vehicles Table 2.5.7d. Estimated amount of c-pentaBDE from disposal of vehicles Year Estimated Disposed Cars/Trucks Estimated Amount of c pentaBDE Estimated Disposed Buses Estimated Amount of c pentaBDE 1990 46,622 372.98 974 48.70 1991 50,818 406.54 1,062 53.10 1992 55,391 443.13 1,158 57.90 1993 60,376 483.01 1,262 63.10 1994 65,810 526.48 1,375 68.75 1995 71,733 573.86 1,499 74.95 1996 78,189 625.51 1,634 81.70 1997 85,226 681.81 1,781 89.05 1998 92,897 743.18 1,942 97.10 1999 101,257 810.06 2,116 105.80 2000 110,370 882.96 2,307 115.35 2001 117,545 940.36 2,457 122.85 2002 125,185 1,001.48 2,616 130.80 2003 133,322 1,066.58 2,786 139.30 2004 141,988 1,135.90 2,967 148.35 2005 151,217 1,209.74 3,160 158.00 2006 157,348 1,258.78 3,680 184.00 2007 156,955 1,255.64 3,257 162.85 2008 158,159 1,265.27 3,064 153.20 2009 155,931 1,247.45 3,171 158.55 2010 193,330 1,546.64 4,041 202.05 2011 208,018 1,664.14 4,347 217.35 2012 221,540 1,772.32 4,630 231.50 A4 Appendix 5. Details of Resource and Cost estimates for the action plans in the NIP Table 4.3b. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 1. Strategies and Action Plan addressing POPs pesticides including DDT and endosulfan Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 1: Ensure that all current and future uses of POPs Pesticides are accurately identified, properly controlled, and ultimately eliminated, including the environmentally sound disposal of any unwanted and obsolete stocks, continuous monitoring of the impacts to health and environment, and promoting sustainable agriculture. Total for Goal 7,395 100% 12% 31% 24% 17% 16% Objective 1: Strengthen the monitoring activities and improvement of strategies in controlling the entry of POPs pesticides in the country. Subtotal for Objective 3,420 100% 9% 22% 23% 23% 23% 1. Provide adequate staffing of FPA Offices in provincial, regional, and national levels and create a surveillance team to routinely monitor and verify the availability, usage of POPs pesticides in the municipal level. FPA-lead agency 1,859 100% 2% 25% 25% 25% 25% Number of FPA personnel in provincial, regional, and national levels/offices 2. Conduct and sustain training of customs authorities, FPA, PCG, PPA, and PNP/DILG personnel on the detection and improved and better monitoring of POPs Pesticides. FPA-lead agency, BOC, PCG, PPA, PNP-DILG, DOLE 225 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Number of trained personnel 3. Intensify multipartite monitoring and detection of POPs pesticides at the municipal level. FPA-lead agency, DA, LGU, NGO, Academe 209 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% JAO, MOA 4. Strengthen enforcement of current regulatory policies to penalize those who are involved in the illegal entry, use and distribution of POPs pesticides. FPA-lead agency, BOC 1,020 100% 7% 7% 28% 28% 28% Monitoring report 5. Review and enforce customs control mechanisms, and sustain training of customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention and additional national regulations. FPA-lead agency, EMB, BOC 107 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Number of trained customs authorities A5 Objective 2: Strengthen programs/infrastructure for inspection, retrieval and proper disposal of POPs pesticides Subtotal for Objective 2,638 100% 11% 46% 27% 8% 8% 1. Enhance monitoring and inspection to include programs on the illegal distribution of POPs pesticides by permitted dealers. FPA-lead agency, EMB 598 100% 13% 87% 0% 0% 0% Assessment report 2. Verify the location of old stockpiles of POPs pesticides (e.g., DDT) and develop management plan for its safe retrieval, storage and disposal of old stockpiles. DOH-lead agency, FPA, EMB, LGU 44 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Verification report and management plan 3. Ensure an environmentally sound treatment, infrastructure for storage and disposal facilities for confiscated POPs Pesticides applying polluters pay principle (e.g., endosulfan). FPA-lead agency, EMB, LGU 1,141 100% 3% 44% 45% 4% 4% Management plan and monitoring report 4. Implement extended producer responsibility principle for used packaging material for pesticides. FPA-lead agency, EMB, LGU, DA 855 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report Objective 3: Strengthen the policy and regulatory framework on control of POPs pesticides import, export, use, distribution and disposal. Subtotal for Objective 700 100% 19% 25% 19% 19% 17% 1. Develop policy recommendation for FPA to officially ban the importation, production, distribution, and use of Endosulfan, Mirex, Hexachlorobenzene, Chlordecone and Lindane in the country. FPA, PPTAC 35 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Board resolution 2. Sustain the training of customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. FPA, EMB, BOC 310 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of trained customs authorities 3. Update government websites and maintain database for POPs pesticides with information of AHTN and HS Codes and provide separate AHTN code for DDT and for Hexachlorobenzene, and all POPs pesticides with combined AHTN Code. Tariff Commission lead agency, Bureau of Customs (BOC), National Statistics Office (NSO), Bureau of Import Services (BIS), FPA, EMB 285 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Updated website and separate AHTN code for each POP 4. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of POPs pesticides within government agencies. FPA, BOC, EMB 35 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Report 5. Update the Pesticide Regulatory Policies and Implementing Guidelines (Green Book) to review and report the status of POPs pesticides. FPA 35 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Updated Green Book Objective 4: Implement continuous environmental and health monitoring program to assess risk from exposure to POPs pesticides Subtotal for Objective 188 100% 22% 22% 22% 22% 11% 1. Assess existing health and environmental monitoring program implemented by various agencies pertaining to POPs pesticides including their capacity to diagnose POPs related cases. DOH, EMB, FPA, OSHC, NGO, UP-NSRI 42 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Assessment report 2. Assess occupational exposures of agricultural workers and other population possibly exposed to POPs pesticides including vulnerable sector such as children and women. DOH, OSHC, EMB, FPA 42 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Assessment report 3. Capacity building / training in the assessment of occupational exposures of agricultural workers and other population possibly exposed to POPs pesticides EMB, DOH, DOLE OSHC 42 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% 3. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs pesticides and make them available as public information. Disseminate the information in seminars to various groups including women associations DOH, OSHC, EMB, FPA 72 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Monitoring report Objective 5: Promote sustainable agriculture practices and other national intervention programs that reduce the risk associated with pesticides in general Subtotal for Objective 448 100% 21% 21% 19% 24% 15% 1. Conduct studies on alternatives to pesticides and understanding the factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices by conventional farmers to address the gaps of the current dissemination strategy and improve the adoption level of the farmers towards organic farming, ICM and IPM. FPA, Agricultural Training Institute (ATI), LGU, NGOs, EMB, DOST, Research Institutions 59 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Review and assess the intervention programs implemented by the government on sustainable agriculture practices. FPA, Agricultural Training Institute (ATI), LGU, NGOs, EMB 42 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Report 3. Conduct cost-benefit analysis on the alternatives of pesticide including best agricultural practices (BAP). FPA 21 100% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% Completed Cost benefit study 4. Promote the adoption and implementation/compliance of the FAO International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides including the adoption of FAO PSMS (Pesticide Stock Management System). FPA, EMB 327 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Promotional and monitoring programme Table 4.3.c. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 2. Strategies and Action Plan for Managing PerfluorooctaneSulfonate (PFOS) and related chemicals Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 2: Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage and control the use of PFOS-containing products, wastes and processes where PFOS is used in the country. Total for Goal 4,853 100% 18% 24% 25% 19% 14% Objective 1: Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PFOS in the country. Subtotal for Objective 628 100% 10% 32% 32% 19% 7% 1. Develop policy recommendations to enforce the disclosure of information relevant to the inventory of PFOS from the industrial sector. Include PFOS and related chemicals in updating of the Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) and Priority Chemicals Lists (PCL). EMB, Industry Associations, DTI, DOH-FDA 24 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% DAO 2. Conduct a comprehensive inventory of PFOS specifically on key industry sectors including the training of personnel on how to conduct inventory of PFOS. Key industry sectors include chromium plating industry and producers/users of fire-fighting foams, aviation hydraulic fluids and synthetic carpets EMB 207 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Inventory report 3. Conduct in-depth material flow analysis for open and closed application of PFOS and PFOS containing products and some alternatives. EMB, Academe, research institutions, DOST 234 100% 0% 33% 33% 33% 0% Material Flow Analysis Report 4. Assessment of the need and availability of facilities and instrumentation for the detection and quantification of PFOS and PFOS-related substances from articles, stockpiles, landfills, treatment facility and possible contaminated sites for a more comprehensive inventory of PFOS in the country. EMB, DOST, DOH 163 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Needs assessment report Objective 2: Identify and promote safe alternatives of PFOS in all uses. Subtotal for Objective 401 100% 20% 20% 35% 25% 0% 1. Review the available alternatives for PFOS currently used by other countries and the activity of POPRC and Secretariat including also their toxicity information. EMB, DOST, DOH 79 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Review report 2. Initiate and undertake multi-stakeholder consultation dialogue to develop criteria in the identification of safe alternatives to PFOS. EMB, NGO, Industry Associations, 82 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% List of criteria to identify safe alternatives to PFOS 3. Prepare a complete list of alternatives to PFOS that will be used in the country and establish a database of substances that are suitable as safe alternatives to PFOS. EMB 43 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Complete list of alternatives 4. Conduct health and risk assessment of the available alternatives for PFOS EMB, DOH, DOST, Research institutions 99 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Risk assessment report 5. Promote and encourage research on finding cost-effective alternatives for PFOS use in line with cleaner production in the industry, and conduct cost-benefit analysis of the available alternatives for PFOS EMB, Industry Associations, NGO, DOST, Academe 99 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Cost benefit analysis report Objective 3: Manage and regulate PFOS and PFOS-containing products within the country as well as their import/export. Subtotal for Objective 545 100% 8% 30% 33% 21% 8% 1. Secure specific exemption and notify the SC Secretariat of acceptable purposes (e.g., aviation industry) and review the need for specific exemption. EMB 43 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Letter of recommendation 2. Strengthen policy on proper labelling of products/substances containing PFOS and related chemicals within the GHS (Global Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemical) framework. EMB, BOC, DTI, IACEH, IATAC, National Coordinating Council for GHS 85 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Policy guidelines /Joint AO 2009-1 3. Promote the implementation of BAT/BEP guidance documents specific to PFOS and related chemicals EMB, DOST, Research Institutions 219 100% 0% 30% 30% 20% 20% BAT/BEP demo projects 4. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of PFOS and PFOS-containing products within government agencies. EMB, BOC, Tariff Commission 56 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Review report 5. Review and enforce customs control mechanisms, and train custom authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. EMB, BOC 71 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Number of trained custom authorities 6. Training of customs authorities in monitoring the entry of products and articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PFOS and related chemicals. EMB, BOC 71 100% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% Number of trained custom authorities Objective 4: Develop strategies for the phasing out of the use of PFOS and for the environmentally sound management of stockpiles and wastes containing PFOS. Subtotal for Objective 566 100% 22% 33% 25% 10% 10% 1. Require industry (e.g., PFOS-containing hydraulic fluids in aviation industry) to provide pollution prevention and mitigation plans. a) To prevent release and manage the waste of PFOS and related substances; b) To outline their plans and progress on phasing out the use of these substances within the 5-year exemption. EMB, Industry, IATAC 69 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Registration permit 2. Review and update international guidelines and other sources (e.g., Basel Convention guideline on PFOS management) for the storage and safe handling including transport of wastes containing PFOS. EMB 49 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Report 3. Assess the capacity (facilities) of the country to adopt BAT/BEP for the disposal and destruction of stockpiles (e.g., firefighting foams, synthetic carpets, and PFOS-based AFFF) wastes containing PFOS) EMB, DOST, Industry Associations 164 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Assessment Report 4. Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation program of the relevant facilities with respect to safe handling, storage and transport of PFOS and related wastes. EMB, Industry Associations 285 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Monitoring program of facilities Objective 5: Establish and implement environmental and health monitoring programs to assess the risk associated from exposure to PFOS and related chemicals. Subtotal for Objective 2,713 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 1. Conduct environmental monitoring studies for PFOS in air, soil and water near facilities (e.g., airport) that have used or uses PFOS containing products. EMB, DOST, Industry Associations, DOTC CAAP, Research Institutions 469 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 2. Conduct environmental monitoring studies for PFOS in landfill leachate and sludge/biosolids in wastewater treatment facilities. EMB, DOST, Industry Associations, Research Institutions, LGUs, NGOs 469 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 3. Assess occupational exposures of workers in facilities where articles and wastes potentially containing PFOS are used, stored, treated, or disposed. EMB, OSHC, IACEH, DOH, DOLE-OSHA 519 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Assessment report 4. Recognize and incorporate the requirement of BAT/BEP in occupational health and safety standards. EMB, OSHC, IACEH, DOH, DOLE 519 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 5. Conduct monitoring studies on indoor air and dust as well other routes of exposure of PFOS to humans including consumer products used at homes where women and children may be exposed EMB, IACEH, DOH 419 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 6. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of PFOS. EMB and Industry associations and women associations 318 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Database Table 4.3.d. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 3. Strategies and Action Plan for Managing PolybrominatedDiphenyl Ethers (PBDE) and related chemicals Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 3: Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the elimination of PBDE-containing products and wastes and control the entry of PBDE-containing products in the country. (include DOH-FDA in all activities) Total for Goal 5,656 100% 19% 18% 29% 20% 14% Objective 1: Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PBDE in the country. Subtotal for Objective 1,925 100% 16% 14% 42% 20% 8% 1. Prepare a list of knowledge resources and expertise on management of PBDE-containing materials including related researches in and out of the country. Compile and review international studies conducted pertaining to inventory and monitoring of PBDE. EMB, Academe, DOST, Industry 84 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Database of knowledge resources and expertise, Report 2. Identify and prepare a list of recyclers, junkshops as well as treatment and disposal facilities of the products possibly containing POP-PBDE. EMB 84 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Database of recyclers, junkshops as well as treatment and disposal facilities 3. Conduct inventory on recyclers of polyurethane foam containing brominated flame retardants and evaluate the presence of PBDE in polyurethane foam in the country. EMB/DOST, DOTC LTO/LTFRB 139 100% 0% 40% 60% 0% 0% Inventory report 4. Conduct material flow analysis of articles containing PBDE in households and private and government institutions with the inclusion of minor uses of PBDE in all inventory procedures. EMB, DOH-FDA, Academe 167 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% MFA Report 5. Update the existing database of second hand EEEs and link to the National e-waste inventory EMB, BOC, NSO, BIS, DOTC, DTI BETP/BTRCP 368 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Database 6. Update the existing database to include second hand vehicles and link to the transport sector inventory. BOC, NSO, BIS, DOTC, DTI 368 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 0 7. Purchase additional portable equipment (e.g., XRF) to detect bromine as an indication for PBDEs in samples and products including adequate training to personnel on the inventory analysis and use of equipment. EMB, BOC, DOST 110 100% 0% 9% 91% 0% 0% Purchased XRF, training guidelines/ procedures, and trained personnel 8. Conduct sampling and analytical methods to monitor products known/suspected to contain PBDE and other brominated flame retardant such as HBCD . EMB, DOST, other research institutions 74 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Report 9. Adopt standard protocols for sampling and test methods and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in imported brand new and second hand EEEs and vehicles. EMB, DOST 74 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% AO, Standardized procedures 10. Adopt standard protocols for sampling and test methods, and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in products used in buildings and in construction industries (e.g. tapes, insulation, and fire retardants). EMB, DOST 74 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% AO, Standardized procedures 11. Identify or include the inventory of foam manufacturers recycling their own scrap foams (and turning it into rebounded foam and resell). EMB, DOST 74 100% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% Inventory report including list of foam manufacturers 12. Enforce custom control mechanisms, and train customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. EMB, BOC, DOH-FDA 85 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Assessment and Monitoring Report 13. Hiring and training of customs authorities in monitoring the entry of products and articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PBDE and related chemicals. EMB, BOC, DOH-FDA 170 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Number of hired and trained customs authorities 14. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of PBDE containing materials within government agencies. EMB, BOC 56 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Report Objective 2: Establish and implement national strategies on the proper management of storage, treatment, and disposal of PBDE-containing wastes such as WEEEs and ELVs. Subtotal for Objective 464 100% 28% 23% 29% 13% 6% 1. Review the SMRs to include the management plan (storage, treatment, and disposal) of WEEEs and ELVs internationally and in the country. -Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation programs for handling, storage, and disposal of WEEEs and ELVs. EMB, DTI-BIS, Accredited TSDs 57 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report , Memorandum Circular 2. Strengthen the regulatory framework and practical implementation for the waste management of PBDE and HBCD-containing WEEE and end of live vehicles (ELV). EMB, IATAC, IACEH 221 100% 33% 33% 33% 0% 0% DAO or MC 3. Develop policy recommendations to stop the export of waste materials containing brominated diphenyl ethers except for the purpose of environmentally sound disposal in the importing country as set forth in paragraph 1 (d) of Article 6 of the Stockholm Convention. EMB, IATAC, IACEH 100 100% 0% 33% 33% 33% 0% Policy recommendation 4. Develop policy recommendation to regulate the recycling of articles containing brominated diphenyl ethers (in particular to sensitive uses). EMB, IATAC 85 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% DAO Objective 3: Eliminate PBDE from the recycling streams. Subtotal for Objective 825 100% 23% 23% 18% 18% 18% 1. Review the PBDE BAT/BEP guidelines and possibly further techniques employed by other countries in eliminating PBDE from the recycling streams. EMB, DOST, other research institutions 114 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Report consisting of the different techniques employed by other countries 2. Develop strategies allowing waste separation in the recycling streams EMB, DOST 301 100% 22% 22% 19% 19% 19% Guidelines/plan and monitoring report 3. Implement effective screening and separation techniques to separate materials containing the substances in the recycling. EMB, DOST 410 100% 16% 16% 23% 23% 23% Report Objective 4: Establish a baseline conditions that could be used for risk assessment in evaluating the effectiveness of the action plans and other efforts to reduce the environmental and health risk associated with PBDE in the country. Subtotal for Objective 2,441 100% 19% 19% 21% 21% 19% 1. Conduct a nationwide survey of PBDE in selected waste streams in the country. EMB, other research institutions 335 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Survey Report 2. Conduct environmental monitoring studies on the presence of PBDE in air, land, and water streams to determine the level of contamination. EMB, other research institutions 368 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Environmental monitoring report 3. Identify the list of industries that use PBDE and assess occupational exposures of workers in facilities where articles and wastes potentially containing PBDEs are stored, sorted, treated, recycled, recovered or disposed. EMB, OSHC, DOH, DOLE 335 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Assessment report 4. Conduct monitoring on indoor air and dust as well other routes of exposure of PBDE to humans including consumer products at home where women and children maybe exposed EMB, OSHC, DOH 368 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Monitoring report 5.Determine the need to implement any remedial actions of sites contaminated or stockpiles containing PBDEs EMB, DOST, DOH 318 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 6. Analysis of polymer scrap produced in the WEEE recycling facility for PBDE content EMB 114 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Report 7. Conduct an environmental monitoring and evaluation for PBDE in waste streams EMB 335 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 8. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of PBDE. Disseminate the information to different social groups including women associations. EMB, DOH 268 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Database Table 4.3.e. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 4. Strategies and action plans addressing PCBs. Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 4. Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the total elimination and destruction of PCB-containing products, equipment, and wastes. Total for Goal 6,123 100% 10% 23% 25% 22% 20% Objective 1. Prepare a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PCBs, PCB containing materials, and PCB wastes. Subtotal for Objective 218 100% 12% 29% 58% 0% 0% 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP including description on the current situation of the project and further activities planned. EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2.Update the list of knowledge resources and expertise on PCB management and related research EMB, Research Institutions (UP-NSRI, DLSU-ARRPET) 64 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% List of resources and expertise 3. Update the profile of potential sources of PCBs in the country consisting of PCB owners , treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and servicing facilities. EMB 64 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Updated database 4. Update the list of laboratories for sampling and analysis of PCBs EMB 64 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% AO, list of accredited laboratories Objective 2: Strengthen and implement programs on safe handling, storage, and transport of PCBs, PCB-containing materials and PCB wastes. Subtotal for Objective 321 100% 8% 8% 42% 42% 0% 1. Review the guidelines (including the CCO) for the safe handling, labelling, storage, treatment and disposal requirements, spill prevention and clean-up requirements, and develop recommendation to address gaps identified and possibly update guidelines with information from the most recent international guidelines on PCB management. EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Revised CCO 2. Review the current guidelines on the stringent regulation for PCB-free (<2ppm) and the prohibitive cost of transportation and treatment of PCB equipment carcass. EMB 27 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Revised CCO 3. Develop an environmentally sound management plan for equipment containing oils of less than 50ppm to be decontaminated and allowed to be retro-filled and reused by owners, instead of decommissioning for disposal. EMB 107 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Revised CCO 4. Conduct additional training for operators, owners of PCB-containing equipment on storage and disposal facilities. EMB 161 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Number of trainings conducted Objective 3: Strengthen and implement continuous integrated environmental and health monitoring program with respect to PCB Subtotal for Objective 2,994 100% 15% 23% 23% 20% 20% 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of existing projects or programs derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Assess and provide adequate staffing of EMB Offices in provincial, regional, and national levels to sustain the existing health and environmental monitoring programimplemented by various agencies pertaining to PCBs EMB, DOH, NEA 851 100% 3% 24% 24% 24% 24% Assessment report and Memorandum circular 3. Formalize and institutionalize a multi-sectoral participation of NGOs, EMB and the academe in the health and environmental monitoring program. EMB, Academe, NGO, Industry Associations 174 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Memorandum circular 4. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program and make them available as public information subject to the terms of CBI. EMB, DOH 1,942 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Monitoring report, Database Objective 4: Elimination and destruction of all PCBs, PCB-containing materials, and PCB wastes not later than 2025 Subtotal for Objective 2,590 100% 5% 24% 24% 24% 24% 1. Review and monitor the progress of projects (e.g., POPs Destruction Facility Project) derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. EMB, PAFC-PNOC 1,929 100% 0% 25% 25% 25% 25% Monitoring report 2. Develop and implement incentives as part of the regulatory activity for electric utilities to comply with the phase-out of PCB. EMB, IATAC, DOE, NEA 661 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Memorandum Circular, Revised CCO Table 4.3.f. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 5. Strategies and action plans addressing Unintentional POPs (U-POPs). Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 5: Achieve progressive reductions and continuous monitoring in the releases of dioxins and furans and other unintentional POPs in the Philippines based on scientific knowledge. Total for Goal 5,551 100% 6% 8% 23% 43% 20% Objective 1: Prepare an updated inventory of dioxin and furan and possibly other UPOP releases for all significant sources by obtaining best-estimate nationwide activity data and most appropriate emission factors. Subtotal for Objective 276 100% 29% 29% 14% 14% 14% 1. Create publicly available catalogue and a database of information on emission factors significant in the country as regard to the nature and quantity of releases of unintentional POPs (D/F) based on the updated inventory. EMB, NSC 276 100% 29% 29% 14% 14% 14% Database Objective 2: Strengthen and implement policies/programs on BAT/BEP promotion, adoption and monitoring across the most significant dioxin and furan source categories. Subtotal for Objective 1,954 100% 9% 13% 29% 29% 20% 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Conduct training workshops nationwide to increase the level of awareness and promote BAT/BEP implementation in reducing UPOPs releases from specific industrial and agricultural sources. EMB, NSC 306 100% 0% 33% 33% 33% 0% Number of trainings/workshops and number of participants 3. Sustain seminar workshops to LGUs (officials, farmers and households and women associations) and assist in promoting the implementation of BAT/BEP for unintentional POPs particularly in minimizing the release of dioxins/furans from open burning. EMB, NSC 548 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Number of seminar/workshops and number of participants 4. Promote and encourage the availment of financing programs (soft loan) and incentives for industries/LGUs that adopt BAT/BEP. EMB, NSC 137 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Number of industries availed in the financing program 5. Conduct studies where feasible POPs reduction linked with technologies on air pollution control device. DOST, EMB, DOE, Research Institutions 216 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Reports 6. Conduct studies on feasible POPs reduction linked with sustainable production and consumption. EMB, DOST, DTI 360 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report 7. Conduct studies on feasible POPs reduction linked with waste utilization. EMB, DOST, Research institution 360 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Report Objective 3: Strengthen the infrastructure to monitor and control dioxins and furans and other UPOP releases including information on the prevention of environmental and health effects of UPOPs Subtotal for Objective 3,320 100% 3% 4% 20% 53% 20% 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Strengthen the enforcement and monitoring compliance by increasing manpower and enhancing the technical capacity of LGUs. EMB, LGUs 725 100% 0% 10% 30% 30% 30% Report 3. Provide adequate number of personnel of EMB laboratories in regional and central offices with training on sampling and analysis to monitor UPOPs. EMB 809 100% 0% 0% 21% 39% 39% Number of trained personnel 4. Establish dioxin laboratory to support the enforcement of the provision on dioxins/furans in the Clean Air Act (RA 8749). EMB 1,149 100% 0% 0% 6% 94% 0% Dioxin laboratory 5. Conduct health and risk assessment based on the major sources of dioxins/furans and other UPOPs identified from the updated third National Inventory. EMB, DOH, NGO, Academe 72 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Report 6. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring of UPOPs and make them available as public information. Disseminate the information to barangay health workers and women associations. EMB, DOH 246 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Database 7. Integrate in the curricula and/or extra curricular activities the environmental and health impacts of dioxins and furans. CHED, PATLEPAM, EMB, DepEd, 293 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Curricula and/or extracurricular activities integrated with environmental and health impacts of dioxins and furans Table 4.3.g. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 6. Strategies and action plans addressing POPs contaminated sites. Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 6: Obtain a comprehensive identification of all contaminated sites and potentially contaminated sites with corresponding management strategies to protect public health and environment. Total for Goal 3,667 100% 13% 24% 30% 19% 13% Objective 1. Establish criteria or guidelines for the identification of contaminated sites Subtotal for Objective 62 100% 43% 57% 0% 0% 0% 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP (2006). EMB 27 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Review and update the criteria or guidelines to include sites potentially contaminated with newly identified POPs of concern such as endosulfan, PBDE and PFOS. EMB 35 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Report Objective 2: Establish a group and a pool of trained personnel and local experts with the appropriate mandate for the identification and prioritization, assessment, and management of contaminated sites. Subtotal for Objective 1,063 100% 10% 34% 34% 15% 7% 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP, including the identification of training needs, capacity building for identification and management of contaminated sites (through intensive field and desk-based training), and provision of necessary equipment and other resources. EMB 35 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Strengthen the infrastructure (facilities and instrumentation) needed for the analysis of new POPS such as PFOS and PFOS-related substances and PBDE. EMB, FPA, NSC 620 100% 12% 25% 25% 25% 12% Monitoring report 3. Train personnel on the use of the new equipment to identify and quantify contamination levels of suspected hotpots for new POPS such as endosulfan, PFOS and PBDE. EMB, FPA, NSC, DOST 409 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Number of trained personnel Objective 3: Identify potentially POPS and newly identified POPs contaminated sites throughout the country based on historical information, including an initial ranking of possible priorities for assessment. Subtotal for Objective 881 100% 20% 25% 25% 16% 16% 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going activities identified or contained in the initial NIP (2006). EMB 35 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Identify, map out and create a database for new POPs contaminated sites in the country. EMB 79 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% List of identified POPs contaminated sites in the country 3. Update the guidelines and procedures to include the newly identified POPs in prioritizing sites for assessment. EMB, FPA 80 100% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% Established guidelines/procedures 4. Identify priority sites and conduct on-site assessment and environmental monitoring of suspected sites for possible contamination of POPs pesticides, PFOS, PBDE and related chemical (e.g., practice areas and areas of (former) fire events where PFOS-containing fire fighting foams were used). EMB, Academe, LGU 687 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% List of identified priority sites and assessment and monitoring report Objective 4: Develop risk management, communication and prioritized clean-up plans for remediation of POPs contaminated sites that includes the newly identified POPs. Subtotal for Objective 1,661 100% 11% 16% 32% 24% 17% 1. Review and evaluate implemented and on going projects on the remediation of POPs contaminated sites. EMB 35 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% Report 2. Develop a harmonized transparent and science-based risk assessment, risk management and risk communication procedure to manage contaminated sites. EMB, Academe, IACEH, IATAC, PPTAC 241 100% 0% 50% 50% 0% 0% Established guidelines/procedures 3. Conduct site-specific risk assessment on identified hotspots to prioritize sites for remediation. EMB, FPA, Academe 258 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Report 4. Develop clean-up and management plans for hotspots, includingInformation Management Program (for the affected receptors including setting-up of information center). EMB, FPA, Academe, LGU 382 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Plans/programmes 5. Monitor the clean-up, destruction, and management plans for prioritized contaminated sites. EMB, LGU 745 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Monitoring report Table 4.3.h. RESOURCE SCHEDULE TABLE 7. Strategies and action plans addressing information, education and communication (IEC) relevant to POPs management. Task / Activities Key Implementing Agencies Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs in percentage (%) of allocation Key Performance Indicators Total Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 7: Achieve high level of awareness and knowledge across all sectors on POPs management in support to the implementation of the updated National Implementation Plan Total for Goal 3,492 100% 20% 19% 23% 20% 18% Objective 1: Strengthen the current program to sustain awareness and understanding of the health, environmental risks, economic and social impact of POPs. Subtotal for Objective 995 100% 18% 14% 23% 23% 23% 1. Develop and maintain an on-line portal for dissemination of IEC materials that include documented testimonials, popularized technical reports, and risk studies. EMB, FPA, DOH, NSC 194 100% 38% 16% 16% 16% 16% Publicly accessible on line portal 2. Capability building programs for DOLE-BWC, OSHC and Labor Law Compliance Officers DOLE 70 100% 38% 16% 16% 16% 16% 3. Sustain a series of seminars and lectures to various organizations for both formal and non formal organization. EMB, FPA, DOH, Academe, CHED, DOST, DOLE 180 100% 16% 16% 23% 23% 23% Number of seminars/lectures and participants 4. Write a monograph for POPs EMB, Academe, DOST 90 100% 17% 17% 22% 22% 22% Monograph 5. Develop strategies to sustain media coverage on POPs - Identify gaps on IEC programs; Develop a policy recommendation or program that coordinates and utilizes the existing government resources to effectively reach and disseminate the information on POPs and its environmental, health, and economic impacts; Create programs in raising public awareness and education that involve multi-sectoral participation of government agencies, LGUs and NGOs. EMB, PIA, Academe, CHED, LGU, DepEd 178 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Report 6. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs in general and make them available as public information. .Encourage the participation of women groups in disseminating the information in the community. EMB, DOH 281 100% 18% 18% 21% 21% 21% Survey report Objective 2: Create and implement educational programs on POPs at all levels. Subtotal for Objective 1,620 100% 21% 23% 22% 18% 16% 1. Develop policy recommendation to incorporate explicitly the topic of POPs in the implementing rules and regulation (IRR) of RA 9512 (an act to promote environmental awareness through environmental education). EMB, FPA, CHED, DOST, DepEd 34 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Amendment on RA 9512 2. Prepare training module of POPs for potential trainers among teachers and student leaders EMB, DepEd, CHED, DOST, PATLEPAM, Academe 67 100% 0% 33% 33% 33% 0% Number of training modules 3. Conduct of National Orientation seminar and training of potential trainers among teachers and student leaders from different schools nationwide. EMB, FPA, CHED, DOST, DepEd, PATLEPAM 195 100% 33% 33% 33% 0% 0% Number of National orientation seminar/ trainings and number of trained teachers and students 4. Provide research grant for faculty and students involved in POPs-related research work. CHED, DOST 343 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of graduates, researches/paper presentation/output, and publications 5. Provide incentive mechanism for schools implementing outreach programs including POPs management as one of the topics CHED, DepEd, DOST 343 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of schools that conduct orientation seminars of the environmental and health effects of POPs in their respective communities 6. Involve national television networks in the advocacy to include POPs as one topic in their educational TV shows. EMB, PIA, NSC, local media networks 350 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of media coverage 7. Work with Philippine Association of Tertiary Level Educational Institutions in Environmental Protection and Management (PATLEPAM) in promoting environmental awareness through environmental education. CHED, PATLEPAM, NSC 175 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% MOA between EMB and PATLEPAM promoting POPs awareness through environmental education 8. Link POPs education to general activities on the awareness of hazardous chemicals and general education on sustainable production and consumption particularly on topics on selection of POPs alternatives. EMB, DepED, CHED, DOST 114 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of curricula which integrates POPs education Objective 3: Strengthen the political advocacy or lobbying programs to sustain POPs reduction and elimination as a public health priority, environmental issue, and priority action agenda. Subtotal for Objective 302 100% 28% 17% 24% 15% 15% 1. Identify target advocacy groups and develop specific/key messages and delivery methods per group EMB, FPA, NSC 32 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% List of identified advocacy groups and list strategies per group 2. Conduct series of lobbying activities for legislative and budgetary support for the reduction & elimination of POPs. EMB, FPA, NSC 130 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of activities supporting the reduction and elimination of POPs for legislative and budgetary support, bills/resolutions that will be pushed through with the legislative bodies 3. Integrate POPs reduction and elimination in agency’s plans, programs, services, and resource allocation and present these effectively during regular Congress/Senate hearings on government program and budget allocations. EMB, FPA, NSC, Senate, Congress 80 100% 33% 33% 33% 0% 0% Memorandum Circular, National Agencies Programme/plan integrating POPs reduction and elimination 4. Enlist journalists, media agencies and associations and environment-friendly journalist associations in committees or task forces. EMB, FPA, PIA, NSC, local media networks, PCIJ, PCPJ 60 100% 0% 0% 33% 33% 33% Number of journalist and media association involved in POPs related committees or task force Objective 4: Strengthen and sustain the network for information exchange and communication on POPs and the National Implementation Plan Subtotal for Objective 575 100% 14% 19% 24% 25% 18% 1. Survey of partner stakeholders to establish common interest and preferred communication mechanisms. EMB, FPA, NSC, Industry organizations 40 100% 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% Survey report 2. Sustain regular coordination meetings, including reporting on POPs updates and the activities under the National Implementation Plan (NIP), and support the country’s participation to COP. EMB, FPA, NSC 20 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% Memorandum Circular, minutes of meetings 3. Organize national conferences and symposia as regard to POPs CHED, DOST, PATLEPAM-EMB, Academe 80 100% 0% 0% 50% 50% 0% Number of conferences/symposia and participants 4. Develop and maintain information clearing house that would serve as the focal center for POPs information such as BAT/BEP practices, results of environment and health monitoring, international updates on POPs, and POPs issues, etc. EMB, FPA, DOST, NSC 193 100% 17% 21% 21% 21% 21% Established clearing house and monitoring report 5. Sustain the participation in local, national, and international forums on POPs and presentation during regular meetings of business associations. EMB, FPA, NSC, Academe 140 100% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Number of forums attended 6. Establish and maintain an intra-agency and Local Government Unit reporting/ information exchange system under the National Single Window (NSW) system. EMB, FPA, NSC 102 100% 0% 0% 28% 36% 36% Functional NSW Table 4.3.i. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 1. Strategies and Action Plan addressing POPs pesticides including DDT and endosulfan Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 1: Ensure that all current and future uses of POPs Pesticides are accurately identified, properly controlled, and ultimately eliminated, including the environmentally sound disposal of any unwanted and obsolete stocks, continuous monitoring of the impacts to health and environment, and promoting sustainable agriculture. Total for Goal 7,395 880 2,262 1,756 1,289 1,208 Objective 1: Strengthen the monitoring activities and improvement of strategies in controlling the entry of POPs pesticides in the country. Subtotal for Objective 3,420 320 739 787 787 787 1. Provide adequate staffing of FPA Offices in provincial, regional, and national levels and create a surveillance team to routinely monitor and verify the availability, usage of POPs pesticides in the municipal level. Human Resources 1,859 37 455 455 455 455 2. Conduct and sustain training of customs authorities, FPA, PCG, PPA, and PNP/DILG personnel on the detection and improved and better monitoring of POPs Pesticides. Training team and workshop requirements 225 113 113 - - 3. Intensify multipartite monitoring and detection of POPs pesticides at the municipal level. Human resources and support services 209 42 42 42 42 42 4. Strengthen enforcement of current regulatory policies to penalize those who are involved in the illegal entry, use and distribution of POPs pesticides. Human resources and support services 1,020 75 75 290 290 290 5. Review and enforce customs control mechanisms, and sustain training of customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention and additional national regulations. Human resources and support services 107 54 54 - - Objective 2: Strengthen programs/infrastructure for inspection, retrieval and proper disposal of POPs pesticides Subtotal for Objective 2,638 287 1,215 704 216 216 1. Enhance monitoring and inspection to include programs on the illegal distribution of POPs pesticides by permitted dealers. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Materials, and Others. 598 79 519 - - 2. Verify the location of old stockpiles of POPs pesticides (e.g., DDT) and develop management plan for its safe retrieval, storage and disposal of old stockpiles. Human resources and services 44 - 22 22 - 3. Ensure an environmentally sound treatment, infrastructure for storage and disposal facilities for confiscated POPs Pesticides applying polluters pay principle (e.g., endosulfan). Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 1,141 37 503 511 45 45 4. Implement extended producer responsibility principle for used packaging material for pesticides. Human resources and services 855 171 171 171 171 171 Objective 3: Strengthen the policy and regulatory framework on control of POPs pesticides import, export, use, distribution and disposal. Subtotal for Objective 700 136 172 136 136 119 1. Develop policy recommendation for FPA to officially ban the importation, production, distribution, and use of Endosulfan, Mirex, Hexachlorobenzene, Chlordecone and Lindane in the country. Human resources and services 35 18 18 - - 2. Sustain the training of customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. Human Resources, Facilities, Services, Materials, and Others. 310 62 62 62 62 62 3. Update government websites and maintain database for POPs pesticides with information of AHTN and HS Codes and provide separate AHTN code for DDT and for Hexachlorobenzene, and all POPs pesticides with combined AHTN Code. Human Resources, Facilities, Services, Materials, and Others. 285 57 57 57 57 57 4. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of POPs pesticides within government agencies. Human resources and materials 35 - 35 - - 5. Update the Pesticide Regulatory Policies and Implementing Guidelines (Green Book) to review and report the status of POPs pesticides. Human resources and materials 35 - - 18 18 Objective 4: Implement continuous environmental and health monitoring program to assess risk from exposure to POPs pesticides Subtotal for Objective 188 42 42 42 42 21 1. Assess existing health and environmental monitoring program implemented by various agencies pertaining to POPs pesticides including their capacity to diagnose POPs related cases. Human resources and materials 42 21 21 - - 2. Assess occupational exposures of agricultural workers and other population possibly exposed to POPs pesticides including vulnerable sector such as children and women. Human resources and materials 42 - - 21 21 3. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs pesticides and make them available as public information. Human resources and materials 105 21 21 21 21 21 Objective 5: Promote sustainable agriculture practices and other national intervention programs that reduce the risk associated with pesticides in general Subtotal for Objective 448 95 95 86 107 65 1. Conduct studies on alternatives to pesticides and understanding the factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices by conventional farmers to address the gaps of the current dissemination strategy and improve the adoption level of the farmers towards organic farming, ICM and IPM. Human Resources, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 59 29 29 - - 2. Review and assess the intervention programs implemented by the government on sustainable agriculture practices. Human resources and materials 42 - - 21 21 3. Conduct cost-benefit analysis on the alternatives of pesticide including best agricultural practices (BAP). Human resources and materials 21 - - - 21 4. Promote the adoption and implementation/compliance of the FAO International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides including the adoption of FAO PSMS (Pesticide Stock Management System). Human resources and materials 327 65 65 65 65 65 Table 4.3.j. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 2. Strategies and Action Plan for Managing PerfluorooctaneSulfonate (PFOS) and related chemicals Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 2: Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage and control the use of PFOS-containing products, wastes and processes where PFOS is used in the country. Total for Goal 4,853 855 1,178 1,205 932 683 Objective 1: Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PFOS in the country. Subtotal for Objective 628 66 201 201 119 41 1. Develop policy recommendations to enforce the disclosure of information relevant to the inventory of PFOS from the industrial sector. Include PFOS and related chemicals in updating of the Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) and Priority Chemicals Lists (PCL). Human Resources and services 24 24 - - - 2. Conduct a comprehensive inventory of PFOS specifically on key industry sectors including the training of personnel on how to conduct inventory of PFOS. Key industry sectors include chromium plating industry and producers/users of fire-fighting foams, aviation hydraulic fluids and synthetic carpets Humar resources, materials, and services 207 41 41 41 41 41 3. Conduct in-depth material flow analysis for open and closed application of PFOS and PFOS containing products and some alternatives. Human Resources, equipment and services 234 - 78 78 78 4. Assessment of the need and availability of facilities and instrumentation for the detection and quantification of PFOS and PFOS-related substances from articles, stockpiles, landfills, treatment facility and possible contaminated sites for a more comprehensive inventory of PFOS in the country. Human Resources, materials, and services 163 - 81 81 - Objective 2: Identify and promote safe alternatives of PFOS in all uses. Subtotal for Objective 401 79 82 141 99 1. Review the available alternatives for PFOS currently used by other countries and the activity of POPRC and Secretariat including also their toxicity information. Human Resources and services 79 79 - - - 2. Initiate and undertake multi-stakeholder consultation dialogue to develop criteria in the identification of safe alternatives to PFOS. Human Resources and services 82 - 82 - - 3. Prepare a complete list of alternatives to PFOS that will be used in the country and establish a database of substances that are suitable as safe alternatives to PFOS. Human Resources, equipment and services 43 - - 43 - 4. Conduct health and risk assessment of the available alternatives for PFOS Human Resources, equipment and services 99 - - 49 49 5. Promote and encourage research on finding cost-effective alternatives for PFOS use in line with cleaner production in the industry, and conduct cost-benefit analysis of the available alternatives for PFOS Human Resources, materials, and services 99 - - 49 49 Objective 3: Manage and regulate PFOS and PFOS-containing products within the country as well as their import/export. Subtotal for Objective 545 43 165 181 114 43 1. Secure specific exemption and notify the SC Secretariat of acceptable purposes (e.g., aviation industry) and review the need for specific exemption. Human Resources and services 43 43 - - - 2. Strengthen policy on proper labelling of products/substances containing PFOS and related chemicals within the GHS (Global Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemical) framework. Human Resources and services 85 - 43 43 - 3. Promote the implementation of BAT/BEP guidance documents specific to PFOS and related chemicals Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 219 - 67 67 43 43 4. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of PFOS and PFOS-containing products within government agencies. Human Resources, materials, and services 56 - 56 - - 5. Review and enforce customs control mechanisms, and train custom authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. Human Resources, equipment and services 71 - - 71 - 6. Training of customs authorities in monitoring the entry of products and articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PFOS and related chemicals. Human Resources, equipment and services 71 - - - 71 Objective 4: Develop strategies for the phasing out of the use of PFOS and for the environmentally sound management of stockpiles and wastes containing PFOS. Subtotal for Objective 566 126 188 139 57 57 1. Require industry (e.g., PFOS-containing hydraulic fluids in aviation industry) to provide pollution prevention and mitigation plans. a) To prevent release and manage the waste of PFOS and related substances; b) To outline their plans and progress on phasing out the use of these substances within the 5-year Human Resources and services 69 69 - - - exemption. 2. Review and update international guidelines and other sources (e.g., Basel Convention guideline on PFOS management) for the storage and safe handling including transport of wastes containing PFOS. Human Resources and services 49 - 49 - - 3. Assess the capacity (facilities) of the country to adopt BAT/BEP for the disposal and destruction of stockpiles (e.g., firefighting foams, synthetic carpets, and PFOS-based AFFF) wastes containing PFOS) Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 164 - 82 82 - 4. Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation program of the relevant facilities with respect to safe handling, storage and transport of PFOS and related wastes. Human Resources, equipment and services 285 57 57 57 57 57 Objective 5: Establish and implement environmental and health monitoring programs to assess the risk associated from exposure to PFOS and related chemicals. Subtotal for Objective 2,713 543 543 543 543 543 1. Conduct environmental monitoring studies for PFOS in air, soil and water near facilities (e.g., airport) that have used or uses PFOS containing products. Human Resources, equipment and services 469 94 94 94 94 94 2. Conduct environmental monitoring studies for PFOS in landfill leachate and sludge/biosolids in wastewater treatment facilities. Human Resources, equipment and services 469 94 94 94 94 94 3. Assess occupational exposures of workers in facilities where articles and wastes potentially containing PFOS are used, stored, treated, or disposed. Human Resources, equipment and services 519 104 104 104 104 104 4. Recognize and incorporate the requirement of BAT/BEP in occupational health and safety standards. Human Resources, equipment and services 519 104 104 104 104 104 5. Conduct monitoring studies on indoor air and dust as well other routes of exposure of PFOS to humans particularly children and other vulnerable populations. Human Resources, equipment and services 419 84 84 84 84 84 6. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of PFOS. Human Resources, equipment and services 318 64 64 64 64 64 Table 4.3.k. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 3. Strategies and Action Plan for Managing PolybrominatedDiphenyl Ethers (PBDE) and related chemicals Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 3: Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the elimination of PBDE-containing products and wastes and control the entry of PBDE containing products in the country. (include DOH-FDA in all activities) Total for Goal 5,656 1,098 1,028 1,614 1,124 791 Objective 1: Provide a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PBDE in the country. Subtotal for Objective 1,925 315 268 806 390 147 1. Prepare a list of knowledge resources and expertise on management of PBDE-containing materials including related researches in and out of the country. Compile and review international studies conducted pertaining to inventory and monitoring of PBDE. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 84 84 - - - 2. Identify and prepare a list of recyclers, junkshops as well as treatment and disposal facilities of the products possibly containing POP-PBDE. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 84 84 - - - 3. Conduct inventory on recyclers of polyurethane foam containing brominated flame retardants and evaluate the presence of PBDE in polyurethane foam in the country. Human Resources, Facilities, and Services 139 - 55 84 - 4. Conduct material flow analysis of articles containing PBDE in households and private and government institutions with the inclusion of minor uses of PBDE in all inventory procedures. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 167 - - 84 84 5. Update the existing database of second hand EEEs and link to the National e-waste inventory Human Resources, Equipment, Services 368 74 74 74 74 74 6. Update the existing database to include second hand vehicles and link to the transport sector inventory. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 368 74 74 74 74 74 7. Purchase additional portable equipment (e.g., XRF) to detect bromine as an indication for PBDEs in samples and products including adequate training to personnel on the inventory analysis and use of equipment. XRF equipment and related services 110 - 10 100 - 8. Conduct sampling and analytical methods to monitor products known/suspected to contain PBDE and other brominated flame retardant such as HBCD . Human Resources, Equipment, Services 74 - - 74 - 9. Adopt standard protocols for sampling and test methods and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in imported brand new and second hand EEEs and vehicles. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 74 - - 74 - 10. Adopt standard protocols for sampling and test methods, and conduct sampling and testing of PBDE presence in products used in buildings and in construction industries (e.g. tapes, insulation, and fire retardants). Human Resources, Equipment, Services 74 - - 74 - 11. Identify or include the inventory of foam manufacturers recycling their own scrap foams (and turning it into rebounded foam and resell). Human Resources, Equipment, Services 74 - - - 74 12. Enforce custom control mechanisms, and train customs authorities for compliance with Stockholm, Basel and Rotterdam Convention. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 85 - - 85 - 13. Hiring and training of customs authorities in monitoring the entry of products and articles containing POPs in general and hazardous chemicals including PBDE and related chemicals. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 170 - - 85 85 14. Review the functionality of the National Single Window System (NSW) of the country in enhancing information exchange of PBDE containing materials within government agencies. Human Resources, Equipment, Services 56 - 56 - - Objective 2: Establish and implement national strategies on the proper management of storage, treatment, and disposal of PBDE-containing wastes such as WEEEs and ELVs. Subtotal for Objective 464 131 107 136 62 28 1. Review the SMRs to include the management plan (storage, treatment, and disposal) of WEEEs and ELVs internationally and in the country. -Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation programs for handling, storage, and disposal of WEEEs and ELVs. Human Resources, and Services 57 57 - - - 2. Strengthen the regulatory framework and practical implementation for the waste management of PBDE and HBCD-containing WEEE and end of live vehicles (ELV). Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 221 74 74 74 - 3. Develop policy recommendations to stop the export of waste materials containing brominated diphenyl ethers except for the purpose of environmentally sound disposal in the importing country as set forth in paragraph 1 (d) of Article 6 of the Stockholm Convention. Human Resources, and Services 100 - 33 33 33 4. Develop policy recommendation to regulate the recycling of articles containing brominated diphenyl ethers (in particular to sensitive uses). Human Resources, and Services 85 - - 28 28 28 Objective 3: Eliminate PBDE from the recycling streams. Subtotal for Objective 825 188 188 150 150 150 1. Review the PBDE BAT/BEP guidelines and possibly further techniques employed by other countries in eliminating PBDE from the recycling streams. Human Resources, and Services 114 57 57 - - 2. Develop strategies allowing waste separation in the recycling streams Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 301 65 65 57 57 57 3. Implement effective screening and separation techniques to separate materials containing the substances in the recycling. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 410 65 65 93 93 93 Objective 4: Establish a baseline conditions that could be used for risk assessment in evaluating the effectiveness of the action plans and other efforts to reduce the environmental and health risk associated with PBDE in the country. Subtotal for Objective 2,441 465 465 522 522 465 1. Conduct a nationwide survey of PBDE in selected waste streams in the country. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 335 67 67 67 67 67 2. Conduct environmental monitoring studies on the presence of PBDE in air, land, and water streams to determine the level of contamination. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 368 74 74 74 74 74 3. Identify the list of industries that use PBDE and assess occupational exposures of workers in facilities where articles and wastes potentially containing PBDEs are stored, sorted, treated, recycled, recovered or disposed. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 335 67 67 67 67 67 4. Conduct monitoring on indoor air and dust as well other routes of exposure of PBDE to humans particularly children and the vulnerable populations. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 368 74 74 74 74 74 5.Determine the need to implement any remedial actions of sites contaminated or stockpiles containing PBDEs Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 318 64 64 64 64 64 6. Analysis of polymer scrap produced in the WEEE recycling facility for PBDE content Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 114 - - 57 57 7. Conduct an environmental monitoring and evaluation for PBDE in waste streams Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 335 67 67 67 67 67 8. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of PBDE. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 268 54 54 54 54 54 Table 4.3.l. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 4. Strategies and action plans addressing PCBs. Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 4. Achieve an effective and environmentally sound strategy to manage the total elimination and destruction of PCB-containing products, equipment, and wastes. Total for Goal 6,123 628 1,386 1,557 1,343 1,209 Objective 1. Prepare a comprehensive and complete national inventory of PCBs, PCB containing materials, and PCB wastes. Subtotal for Objective 218 27 64 127 - 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP including description on the current situation of the project and further activities planned. Human Resources, and Services 27 27 - - - 2.Update the list of knowledge resources and expertise on PCB management and related research Human Resources, and Services 64 - 64 - - 3. Update the profile of potential sources of PCBs in the country consisting of PCB owners , treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and servicing facilities. Human Resources, and Services 64 - - 64 - 4. Update the list of laboratories for sampling and analysis of PCBs Human Resources, and Services 64 - - 64 - Objective 2: Strengthen and implement programs on safe handling, storage, and transport of PCBs, PCB-containing materials and PCB wastes. Subtotal for Objective 321 27 27 134 134 1. Review the guidelines (including the CCO) for the safe handling, labelling, storage, treatment and disposal requirements, spill prevention and clean-up requirements, and develop recommendation to address gaps identified and possibly update guidelines with information from the most recent international guidelines on PCB management. Human Resources, and Services 27 27 - - - 2. Review the current guidelines on the stringent regulation for PCB-free (<2ppm) and the prohibitive cost of transportation and treatment of PCB equipment carcass. Human Resources, and Services 27 - 27 - - 3. Develop an environmentally sound management plan for equipment containing oils of less than 50ppm to be decontaminated and allowed to be retro-filled and reused by owners, instead of decommissioning for disposal. Human Resources, and Services 107 - - 54 54 4. Conduct additional training for operators, owners of PCB-containing equipment on storage and disposal facilities. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 161 - - 80 80 Objective 3: Strengthen and implement continuous integrated environmental and health monitoring program with respect to PCB Subtotal for Objective 2,994 442 681 681 594 594 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of existing projects or programs derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. Human Resources, and Services 27 27 - - - 2. Assess and provide adequate staffing of EMB Offices in provincial, regional, and national levels to sustain the existing health and environmental monitoring programimplemented by various agencies pertaining to PCBs Human Resources, and Services 851 27 206 206 206 206 3. Formalize and institutionalize a multi-sectoral participation of NGOs, EMB and the academe in the health and environmental monitoring program. Human Resources, and Services 174 - 87 87 - 4. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program and make them available as public information subject to the terms of CBI. Human Resources, facilities, and Services 1,942 388 388 388 388 388 Objective 4: Elimination and destruction of all PCBs, PCB-containing materials, and PCB wastes not later than 2025 Subtotal for Objective 2,590 132 615 615 615 615 1. Review and monitor the progress of projects (e.g., POPs Destruction Facility Project) derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. Human Resources, and Services 1,929 - 482 482 482 482 2. Develop and implement incentives as part of the regulatory activity for electric utilities to comply with the phase-out of PCB. Human Resources, Services, and monetary incentives 661 132 132 132 132 132 Table 4.3.m. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 5. Strategies and action plans addressing Unintentional POPs (U-POPs). Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 5: Achieve progressive reductions and continuous monitoring in the releases of dioxins and furans and other unintentional POPs in the Philippines based on scientific knowledge. Total for Goal 5,551 337 457 1,283 2,361 1,113 Objective 1: Prepare an updated inventory of dioxin and furan and possibly other UPOP releases for all significant sources by obtaining best-estimate nationwide activity data and most appropriate emission factors. Subtotal for Objective 276 80 80 39 39 39 1. Create publicly available catalogue and a database of information on emission factors significant in the country as regard to the nature and quantity of releases of unintentional POPs (D/F) based on the updated inventory. Human Resources, equipment, and services 276 80 80 39 39 39 Objective 2: Strengthen and implement policies/programs on BAT/BEP promotion, adoption and monitoring across the most significant dioxin and furan source categories. Subtotal for Objective 1,954 171 246 569 569 399 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. Human Resources and services 27 27 - - - 2. Conduct training workshops nationwide to increase the level of awareness and promote BAT/BEP implementation in reducing UPOPs releases from specific industrial and agricultural sources. Human Resources, facilities, and services 306 - 102 102 102 3. Sustain seminar workshops to LGUs and assist in promoting the implementation of BAT/BEP for unintentional POPs particularly in minimizing the release of dioxins/furans from open burning. Human Resources, facilities, and services 548 - - 183 183 183 4. Promote and encourage the availment of financing programs (soft loan) and incentives for industries/LGUs that adopt BAT/BEP. Human Resources, facilities, and services 137 - - 69 69 5. Conduct studies where feasible POPs reduction linked with technologies on air pollution control device. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 216 - - 72 72 72 6. Conduct studies on feasible POPs reduction linked with sustainable production and consumption. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 360 72 72 72 72 72 7. Conduct studies on feasible POPs reduction linked with waste utilization. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 360 72 72 72 72 72 Objective 3: Strengthen the infrastructure to monitor and control dioxins and furans and other UPOP releases including information on the prevention of environmental and health effects of UPOPs Subtotal for Objective 3,320 85 131 675 1,753 676 1. Review and conduct gap analysis of projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP. Human Resources and services 27 27 - - - 2. Strengthen the enforcement and monitoring compliance by increasing manpower and enhancing the technical capacity of LGUs. Human Resources, equipment, and services 725 - 72 218 218 218 3. Provide adequate number of personnel of EMB laboratories in regional and central offices with training on sampling and analysis to monitor UPOPs. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 809 - - 172 318 318 4. Establish dioxin laboratory to support the enforcement of the provision on dioxins/furans in the Clean Air Act (RA 8749). Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 1,149 - - 72 1,077 5. Conduct health and risk assessment based on the major sources of dioxins/furans and other UPOPs identified from the updated third National Inventory. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 72 - - 72 - 6. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring of UPOPs and make them available as public information. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 246 - - 82 82 82 7. Integrate in the curricula and/or extra curricular activities the environmental and health impacts of dioxins and furans. Human Resources, equipment, and services 293 59 59 59 59 59 Table 4.3n. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 6. Strategies and action plans addressing POPs contaminated sites. Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 6: Obtain a comprehensive identification of all contaminated sites and potentially contaminated sites with corresponding management strategies to protect public health and environment. Total for Goal 3,667 492 882 1,105 700 487 Objective 1. Establish criteria or guidelines for the identification of contaminated sites Subtotal for Objective 62 27 35 - - 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP (2006). Human Resources and services 27 27 - - - 2. Review and update the criteria or guidelines to include sites potentially contaminated with newly identified POPs of concern such as endosulfan, PBDE and PFOS. Human Resources and services 35 - 35 - - Objective 2: Establish a group and a pool of trained personnel and local experts with the appropriate mandate for the identification and prioritization, assessment, and management of contaminated sites. Subtotal for Objective 1,063 109 362 362 157 74 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going projects derived from the action plans which were developed from the initial NIP, including the identification of training needs, capacity building for identification and management of contaminated sites (through intensive field and desk-based training), and provision of necessary equipment and other resources. Human Resources and services 35 35 - - - 2. Strengthen the infrastructure (facilities and instrumentation) needed for the analysis of new POPS such as PFOS and PFOS-related substances and PBDE. Human Resources, equipment, and services 620 74 157 157 157 74 3. Train personnel on the use of the new equipment to identify and quantify contamination levels of suspected hotpots for new POPS such as endosulfan, PFOS and PBDE. Human Resources, facilities, and services 409 - 204 204 - Objective 3: Identify potentially POPS and newly identified POPs contaminated sites throughout the country based on historical information, including an initial ranking of possible priorities for assessment. Subtotal for Objective 881 172 216 218 137 137 1. Review and evaluate the progress of implemented and on-going activities identified or contained in the initial NIP (2006). Human Resources and services 35 35 - - - 2. Identify, map out and create a database for new POPs contaminated sites in the country. Human Resources, equipment, and services 79 - 79 - - 3. Update the guidelines and procedures to include the newly identified POPs in prioritizing sites for assessment. Human Resources and services 80 - - 80 - 4. Identify priority sites and conduct on-site assessment and environmental monitoring of suspected sites for possible contamination of POPs pesticides, PFOS, PBDE and related chemical (e.g., practice areas and areas of (former) fire events where PFOS-containing fire-fighting foams were used). Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 687 137 137 137 137 137 Objective 4: Develop risk management, communication and prioritized clean-up plans for remediation of POPs contaminated sites that includes the newly identified POPs. Subtotal for Objective 1,661 184 270 526 405 276 1. Review and evaluate implemented and on going projects on the remediation of POPs contaminated sites. Human Resources and services 35 35 - - - 2. Develop a harmonized transparent and science-based risk assessment, risk management and risk communication procedure to manage contaminated sites. Human Resources, facilities, and services 241 - 121 121 - 3. Conduct site-specific risk assessment on identified hotspots to prioritize sites for remediation. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 258 - - 129 129 4. Develop clean-up and management plans for hotspots, includingInformation Management Program (for the affected receptors including setting-up of information center). Human Resources and services 382 - - 127 127 127 5. Monitor the clean-up, destruction, and management plans for prioritized contaminated sites. Human Resources, equipment, and services 745 149 149 149 149 149 Table 4.3.o. COST SCHEDULE TABLE 7. Strategies and action plans addressing information, education and communication (IEC) relevant to POPs management. Task / Activities Resource Requirements Project Cost (US$ 1,000) Proposed Schedule of Costs (US$ 1,000) Total Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 GOAL 7: Achieve high level of awareness and knowledge across all sectors on POPs management in support to the implementation of the updated National Implementation Plan Total for Goal 3,492 690 666 788 705 643 Objective 1: Strengthen the current program to sustain awareness and understanding of the health, environmental risks, economic and social impact of POPs. Subtotal for Objective 995 179 136 227 227 227 1. Develop and maintain an on-line portal for dissemination of IEC materials that include documented testimonials, popularized technical reports, and risk studies. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 194 74 30 30 30 30 2. Sustain a series of seminars and lectures to various organizations for both formal and non formal organization. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 251 40 40 57 57 57 3. Write a monograph for POPs Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 90 15 15 20 20 20 4. Develop strategies to sustain media coverage on POPs - Identify gaps on IEC programs; Develop a policy recommendation or program that coordinates and utilizes the existing government resources to effectively reach and disseminate the information on POPs and its environmental, health, and economic impacts; Create programs in raising public awareness and education that involve multi-sectoral participation of government agencies, LGUs and NGOs. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 178 - - 59 59 59 5. Implement, update, and periodically report the results of the health and environmental monitoring program of POPs in general and make them available as public information. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 281 50 50 60 60 60 Objective 2: Create and implement educational programs on POPs at all levels. Subtotal for Objective 1,620 347 369 352 287 265 1. Develop policy recommendation to incorporate explicitly the topic of POPs in the implementing rules and regulation (IRR) of RA 9512 (an act to promote environmental awareness through environmental education). Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 34 17 17 - - 2. Prepare training module of POPs for potential trainers among teachers and student leaders Human Resources, Facilities, Services, Materials, and Others. 67 - 22 22 22 3. Conduct of National Orientation seminar and training of potential trainers among teachers and student leaders from different schools nationwide. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 195 65 65 65 - 4. Provide research grant for faculty and students involved in POPs-related research work. Human Resources, Facilities, services, and study grant 343 69 69 69 69 69 5. Provide incentive mechanism for schools implementing outreach programs including POPs management as one of the topics Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services and financial incentive 343 69 69 69 69 69 6. Involve national television networks in the advocacy to include POPs as one topic in their educational TV shows. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services and publicity funds 350 70 70 70 70 70 7. Work with Philippine Association of Tertiary Level Educational Institutions in Environmental Protection and Management (PATLEPAM) in promoting environmental awareness through environmental education. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 175 35 35 35 35 35 8. Link POPs education to general activities on the awareness of hazardous chemicals and general education on sustainable production and consumption particularly on topics on selection of POPs alternatives. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 114 23 23 23 23 23 Objective 3: Strengthen the political advocacy or lobbying programs to sustain POPs reduction and elimination as a public health priority, environmental issue, and priority action agenda. Subtotal for Objective 302 85 53 73 46 46 1. Identify target advocacy groups and develop specific/key messages and delivery methods per group Human Resources and services 32 32 - - - 2. Conduct series of lobbying activities for legislative and budgetary support for the reduction & elimination of POPs. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 130 26 26 26 26 26 3. Integrate POPs reduction and elimination in agency’s plans, programs, services, and resource allocation and present these effectively during regular Congress/Senate hearings on government program and budget allocations. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 80 27 27 27 - 4. Enlist journalists, media agencies and associations and environment-friendly journalist associations in committees or task forces. Human Resources and services 60 - - 20 20 20 Objective 4: Strengthen and sustain the network for information exchange and communication on POPs and the National Implementation Plan Subtotal for Objective 575 80 108 137 145 105 1. Survey of partner stakeholders to establish common interest and preferred communication mechanisms. Human Resources and services 40 20 20 - - 2. Sustain regular coordination meetings, including reporting on POPs updates and the activities under the National Implementation Plan (NIP), and support the country’s participation to COP. Facilities and services 20 - 20 - - 3. Organize national conferences and symposia as regard to POPs Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 80 - - 40 40 4. Develop and maintain information clearing house that would serve as the focal center for POPs information such as BAT/BEP practices, results of environment and health monitoring, international updates on POPs, and POPs issues, etc. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 193 32 40 40 40 40 5. Sustain the participation in local, national, and international forums on POPs and presentation during regular meetings of business associations. Funding for services 140 28 28 28 28 28 6. Establish and maintain an intra-agency and Local Government Unit reporting/ information exchange system under the National Single Window (NSW) system. Human Resources, Facilities, Equipment, Services, Materials, and Others. 102 - - 28 37 37