Sustainable Island Resource Management Zoning Plan for Antigua and Barbuda (including Redonda)

Microsoft Word - 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 V3.docx ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Sustainable Island Resource Management Zoning Plan for Antigua and Barbuda (including Redonda) ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Sustainable Island Resource Management Zoning Plan for Antigua and Barbuda (including Redonda) December 2011 In Association with Ivor Jackson and Associates and Kingdome Consultants Inc. 20th Fl, Nicholas Tower, 63‐65 Independence Square, Port of Spain, TRINIDAD, W.I. Phone: (868) 624‐8039 | Fax: (868) 623‐7170 | pos@genivar.com 5=i GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago i D S T E 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 i | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan Table of Co EXECUTIVE SUM 1.1 Mandate 1.2 Planning A 2.1 Vision 2.2 Goals 3.1 Backgroun 3.1.1 Context 3.1.2 Geology a 3.1.3 Topograph 3.1.4 Climate 3.2 Ecosystem 3.2.1 Ecosystem 3.2.2 Biodiversit 3.2.3 Protected 3.3 Land use S 3.3.1 Environme nd Resource Man ontents MMARY Approach nd nd Soils hy ms m Units ty and Wildlife Areas Suitability and Ca ental Risk and Vu nagement Zoning apacity ulnerability g Plan for Antigua 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 a and Barbuda (i x 4 4 10 11 15 15 15 17 21 22 22 35 38 40 40 3.3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.4 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.6 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.7.4 4.8 4.8.1 ncluding Redond Environmental R Settlement Patt Historic Settlem Current Settlem Antigua Settleme Barbuda Settlem Population Housing Housing Demand Land Requireme Squatting Economy and Em Social Infrastruc Health Education Community Faci Protective Servic Physical Infrastr Traffic and Trans da) Resources ern ment Pattern ent Pattern ent Pattern ment Pattern d ent for Housing mployment cture lities ces ructure sportation 43 52 52 53 53 61 64 67 67 71 74 77 85 85 86 88 88 89 89 e GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago i D S 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 ii | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan 4.8.2 Water and 4.8.3 Solid Wast 4.8.4 Energy 5.1 Purpose 5.1.1 Factors Inf 5.1.2 Developm 5.1.3 Existing Pa 5.1.4 Area Prote 5.2 Alternativ 5.2.1 Current Tr 5.2.2 Decentrali 5.2.3 Hierarchic 5.3 Evaluation 5.3.1 Maintain a 5.3.2 Foster Eco 5.4 Preferred 5.4.1 Suggested 5.4.2 Additional nd Resource Man d Wastewater Inf te fluencing Current ment Trends atterns within Set ection Initiatives ve Spatial Develo rends Scenario ization Scenario cal Network of Se n of Alternative S and Enhance Eco onomic Developm Spatial Developm d Development Sc l Initiatives nagement Zoning frastructure t Spatial Patterns ttlements opment Scenarios ettlements Spatial Developm system functions ment and Engagin ment Scenario cenario g Plan for Antigua 9 9 9 9 s 9 9 9 9 s 10 10 10 10 ment Scenarios 10 s 10 ng Livelihoods 10 10 10 10 a and Barbuda (i 93 95 95 97 97 98 99 99 00 00 02 03 05 06 06 08 08 08 5.4.3 Develo 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 ncluding Redond Requirements to opment Scenario Introduction Environmental Q Ecological Integr Environmental R Environmental R Economy and Liv Tourism Retail, Services, Liveability Accessibility Governance Comprehensive Redonda Development Co Equipment Planning and De Planning Hierarc Planning Process da) o Achieve the Aim Quality rity Risk Resources velihoods and Industry SIRMZP ontrol Administra evelopment Cont chy s ms of the Selected ative Structure a trol Process d 109 115 115 115 122 124 129 129 133 138 142 148 150 154 and 156 160 160 162 e GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago i D S 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 iii | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan 7.2.3 Developm 7.3 Developm 7.3.1 Environme 7.3.2 Environme 7.3.3 Additional 7.3.4 Agricultur 7.3.5 Settlemen 7.3.6 Performan 7.3.7 Light Indu 7.3.8 Acquired R 7.3.9 Compensa 7.4 Concludin 8.1 Short Term 8.2 Medium T nd Resource Man ment Control ment Control Guid ental Protection A ental Impact Asse l Requirements fo e Program on Cro nt Restructuring nce Bonds strial and Service Rights ation and Acquisi ng Remarks m Actions Term Actions nagement Zoning delines for Discre Areas essments (EIA) or Specific Areas own Land e Activities in Res tion g Plan for Antigua 16 ete Spatial Units 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 idential Areas 17 17 17 17 17 17 a and Barbuda (i 63 65 72 73 73 73 74 74 75 75 75 76 78 79 ncluding Redondda) e GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago i D S L T T T T T T T T T T T T iv | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan List of Tab Table 3.1 F Table 3.2 E A Table 3.3 E Table 3.4 H Table 4.1 N A Table 4.2 P Table 4.3 P Table 4.4 P Table 4.5 L Table 5.1 S Table 5.2 E Table 5.3 S T nd Resource Man les Forest Types of An xisting Storage V Antigua Existing Wells in A Historic and Cultu Number of Parcels Antigua Population Estima Population Growt Projected Housing Land Requiremen Spatial Developm Evaluation of Spat ervices/Facilities Types nagement Zoning ntigua and their G Volumes of Major Antigua ural Sites in Antig s With and Witho ates and Projectio th by Parish g Demand nts for Housing ent Scenario Rat tial Development Suggested for Va g Plan for Antigua General Location r Watersheds in ua and Barbuda out Buildings in ons (‘000s) ing Legend t Scenarios arious Settlemen a and Barbuda (i n t Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 6 Table 7 Table 7 Table 7 Table 8 Table 8 ncluding Redond 6.1 Land Us 6.2 Land Us 6.3 Land Us Resourc 6.4 Land Us 6.5 Land Us Industry 6.6 Land Us 6.7 Land Us 6.8 Land Us Hierarch 6.9 Detailed Categor 7.1 General 7.2 Lotificat 7.3 SIRZMP 8.1 Recomm 8.2 Recomm da) se Suitability Mod se Suitability Mod e Suitability Mod ces se Suitability Mod e Suitability Mod y se Suitability Mod se Suitability Mod e Suitability Mod hy d Breakdown of E y Procedures tion Guidelines Development Gu mended Short Ter mended Medium del: Ecological Int del: Environment del: Environmenta del: Tourism del: Retail, Service del: Liveability del: Accessibility del: Governance, Each Area for Eac uidelines rm Actions m Term Actions tegrity al Risk al es and Planning h Land Use S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago v D S L F F F F F F F F F F F F F v | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan List of Figu Figure 1.1 M Figure 1.2 M Figure 1.3 P Figure 2.1 T Figure 3.1 G Figure 3.2 E Figure 3.3 E Figure 3.4 T Figure 3.5 W Figure 3.6 V N Figure 3.7 W Figure 3.8 M Figure 3.9 C nd Resource Man ures Maps of Antigua a Map of the Caribb Planning Approac The Goals of the S Geology Map of A Elevation Map usi Elevation Map usi Topographic Map Wooded Areas (A Vegetation Comm National Park Wooded Areas /F Major Watershed Critical Environme nagement Zoning and Barbuda bean ch SIRMZP Antigua ing a TIN (Antigua ing Contours (Bar p of Redonda Antigua) munities for Codri orest (Barbuda) ds (Antigua) ental Areas (Antig g Plan for Antigua a) rbuda) ngton Lagoon gua) a and Barbuda (i Figure 3 Figure 3 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 Figure 4 ncluding Redond 3.10 Critical 3.11 Environ 3.12 Archaeo 4.1 Built Fo 4.2 Land Us 4.3 Parcels l 4.4 Built Fo 4.5 UN Pop 4.6 Persons 4.7 St. John 4.8 Squattin 4.9 GDP for 4.10 GDP per 2008 Co 4.11 GDP Ann 1978‐20 da) Environmental A mental Risk and V ological Sites (Bar rm (Antigua) se Map (Antigua) less than 1 ha wit rm and Land Use ulation Projectio s Per Household ( n’s Parcels less tha ng Hotspots (Anti r selected countri r capita, PPP: Ant onstant 2005 Inte nual Growth Rate 008 reas (Barbuda) Vulnerability (An rbuda) th buildings in Al e (Barbuda) ns (1950‐2050) (Antigua and Barb an 1Ha with Build igua) ies 1969‐2009 tigua and Barbud ernational Dollars e (%) Antigua and tigua) l Saints buda) dings da 1980‐ s d Barbuda S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago v D S F F F F F F F F F F F F F vi | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan Figure 4.12 G 1 Figure 4.13 C Figure 4.14 In Figure 4.15 A Figure 4.16 E Figure 4.17 T Figure 4.18 T Figure 4.19 T Figure 4.20 L (A Figure 5.1 H B Figure 6.1 N Figure 6.2 N Figure 6.3 E nd Resource Man GDP Economic Sec 977‐2008 Composition of G ndustrial Sector Agricultural Secto Educational Facilit Travel Mode to W Transportation M Transportation M Locations of Wells Antigua) Hierarchical Netw Barbuda) Natural Features Natural Features Existing and Propo nagement Zoning ctor % Share Ant DP, 2001‐2009 or ties (Antigua) Work ap (Antigua) ap (Barbuda) s, Reservoirs & D work of Settleme (Antigua) (Barbuda) osed Protected A g Plan for Antigua igua and Barbuda esalination Plant ents (Antigua an Areas (Antigua) a and Barbuda (i a ts d Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure 6 ncluding Redond 6.4 Existing 6.5 Environ 6.6 Environ 6.7 Environ 6.8 Major T 6.9 Major T 6.10 Retail Se 6.11 Retail Se 6.12 Liveabil 6.13 Fire Res 6.14 Police R 6.15 Accessib 6.16 Governa 6.17 SIRMZP 6.18 SIRMZP da) and Proposed Pr mental Risk Area mental Resource mental Resource Tourism Facility A Tourism Facility A ervices and Indus ervices and Indus ity (Antigua) sponse Times (An Response Times (A bility (Antigua) ance (Antigua) (Antigua) (Barbuda) rotected Areas (B as (Antigua) e Areas (Antigua) e Areas (Barbuda) Areas (Antigua) Areas (Barbuda) stries (Antigua) stries (Barbuda) ntigua) Antigua) Barbuda) ) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago v D S F F vii | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan Figure 6.19 A Figure7.1 P D nd Resource Man Access Map of Re Proposed Orga Development Con nagement Zoning donda nizational Stru ntrol Authority g Plan for Antigua ucture for th a and Barbuda (i e ncluding Redondda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago v D S L A A A A A A B C C C C C C C C C C viii | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan List of Acro ABMA A ABWREC A APUA A ARG A ASL A AUA A BWIA B CARICOM C CBD C CBH C CBMR C CDB C CEHI C CHAPA C CLNP C CSO C CZPC C nd Resource Man onyms Antigua and Barb Antigua and Barb Antigua Public Uti Antigua Recreatio Above sea level American Univers British West Indie Caribbean Comm Convention on Bio Central Board of H Cades Bay Marine Caribbean Develo Caribbean Environ Central Housing a Codrington Lagoo Central Statistical Core Zoning Plan nagement Zoning uda Marine Asso uda Waste Recyc ilities Authority on Ground sity of Antigua es Airways unity ological Diversity Health e Reserve opment Bank nmental Health In and Planning Agen on National Park Office Committee g Plan for Antigua ciation cling Corporation y nstitute ncy a and Barbuda (i DCA EAG ECCB ED EIA EMS ESAL GDP GEF GIS GNI HNS IJA IMF ipgd MoE MONP MSJMC NDNP ncluding Redond Develop Environ Eastern Environ Environ Emerge Environ Gross D Global E Geograp Gross N Hierarch Ivor Jac Internat Imperia Ministry Mount O C Mount S Nelson's da) pment Control Au mental Awarene Caribbean Centr ment Division mental Impact A ncy Medical Serv mental Solutions omestic Product Environment Faci phic Information ational Income hical Network of kson and Associa tional Monetary l Gallons per Day y of Education Obama National St John’s Medica s Dockyard Natio uthority ss Group ral Bank ssessment vice s Antigua Limited ility Systems Settlements ates Fund y Park l Centre onal Park S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago i D S N N N N N O P P S S S S S U U U W ix | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan NEMMA N NGO N NPA N NPDP N NSWMA N OECS O PAHO P PPA P SDA S SIDS S SIRMM S M SIRMZP S P SOC S UNDP U USAID U D UWI T WFCA W nd Resource Man North East Marine Non‐Government National Parks Au National Physical National Solid Wa Organisation of Ea Pan American Hea Physical Planning Special Developm Small Island Deve Sustainable Isl Mechanism Sustainable Islan Plan State of the Coun United Nations De United States Development The University of Wallings Forest Co nagement Zoning e Management A tal Organizations uthority Development Pla aste Managemen astern Caribbean alth Organization Act, 2003 ment Areas loping State and Resource d Resource Man try Report evelopment Prog Agency fo the West Indies onservation Area g Plan for Antigua Area an t Authority n States n e Managemen nagement Zonin gramme r Internationa a a and Barbuda (i nt g al ncluding Redondda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D S 1 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Islan nd Resource Mannagement Zoningg Plan for Antigua EXECUT a and Barbuda (i TIVE SUM ncluding Redond MMARY da) x D E T h w o S d i d a t ( I x | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainable EXECUTIVE This Sustainable I has been prepar with Ivor Jackson of whom are base SIRMZP is to pre development fra ssues, and provid development init aspirations over to serve as a re (NPDP) that mee n so doing, it: 1. Provides and habi optimize 2. Promotes use settle respond while pr services a 3. Establish focus on industria e Island Resource E SUMMAR Island Resource M ed by GENIVAR n & Associates an ed in Antigua and esent a forward‐ amework that des a platform fo tiatives, that wil the next twenty evised Draft Nat ets the criteria of for the protecti itats, minimizes the productive u s the developme ements that offe to different inco oviding ready a and facilities; es economic gro n tourism, profe l development; e Management Z RY Management Zon Trinidad & Toba nd Kingdome Con d Barbuda. The p ‐looking strategi addresses curr or feasible private ll reflect local cu (20) years. Furt tional Physical D f the Physical Pla on of critical eco environmental r use of environme nt of a network o er a range of ho ome levels and access to local c wth and employ essional services Zoning Plan for A ning Plan (SIRMZ ago, in associatio nsultants Inc., bot primary goal of th c, national spati ent developmen e and public secto ultural values an ther, it is designe Development Pla anning Act (2003 osystem function risks and seeks t nt resources; of cohesive mixed using options th living preference commerce, publ yment centres th s, agriculture an Antigua and Barb P) on th he ial nt or nd ed an 3). ns to d‐ at es lic at nd 4. 5. 6. The SIR Environ as a c “Demo Sustain A Core from agencie other s steerin the Com 1. 2. It shou issues uda (including Re Outlines propo efficacy of the system; Specifies subs administrative development in Provides a fram plans that are in and strategies. RMZP was prepar nment (MoE) an component of a onstrating the nable Island Reso Zoning Plan Com a broad cross‐ es, as well as No stakeholders, wa ng committee for mmittee organize Identified key p Explored altern uld be noted th and that the G edonda) osals to impro e road network stantive and p frameworks tha n accordance with mework for the p n accordance wit red under the au d the Developm an international Development a urce Managemen mmittee (CZPC), w section of gove on‐Governmenta as established b the project. In a ed two (2) works planning issues an ative futures via at the SIRMZP f Government of ove the configu k and public tra rocedural regul at may be use h national policie preparation of de th national land u uspices of the Mi ent Control Auth ly funded proje and Implementa nt Mechanism (SI which comprised ernment depart al Organizations y the MoE to s addition to regula hops that: nd opportunities; a Visioning Exerc focuses on spat Antigua and B uration and ansportation ations and ed to guide es; etailed local use priorities nistry of the hority (DCA) ect entitled: ation of a IRMM)”. of members tments and (NGOs) and erve as the ar meetings, ; and cise. tial planning Barbuda has GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago x D m s e d p w p e T S i t S a p “ xi | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainable mandated other social and econo expected that thi development of programs. As th with other data s plays an ongoing environmental ob The SIRMZP is pre Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Sections 1 throug .e. the “Why” an these interventio Section 1 introdu and methodology plan. The visio “Visioning Exerci e Island Resource government age omic developme is initiative will p robust national he zoning plan is sources and mod g role in support bjectives. esented in eight ( 1 Introducti 2 Developm 3 Biophysic 4 Built Envir 5 Spatial De 6 Physical D 7 Developm 8 Implemen gh 6 present the nd “What”, while ons may be imple uces the mandat y. Section 2 high on guiding this se” that was con e Management Z encies to prepare ent objectives. provide a spatial f social and econ s GIS‐based, it m dified as required t of shifting soci (8) Sections: ion; ment Orientation; al Environment; ronment; evelopment Strat Development Plan ment Control Polic ntation. planning contex e Sections 7 and mented. te as well as the hlights the vision Plan emerged, nducted with rep Zoning Plan for A e plans that mee Nonetheless, it framework for th nomic policies an may be integrate d to ensure that al, economic, an tegies; n; cies; and xt and zoning pla 8 focus on “How e goals, objective n and goals for th , largely, from presentatives fro Antigua and Barb et is he nd ed it nd n, w” es he a m severa commu 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. The goa uda (including Re l Antiguan an unity groups. The Development o quality of life; Development o including touris international bu Implementation seek to make economic, and Protection of cr Promotion of e extensive envir fishing; Respect for the Barbuda; Development tourism areas w range of housi commercial and A collaborative involves individ private and pub e Vision was exp als that have guid edonda) d Barbudan G e main compone of a strong sen of a competitive sm, agriculture, usiness services; n of sustainable an appropriate biophysical impe ritical ecologically economic activitie ronment resourc e natural and bu of cohesive, m with effective in ng options with d community faci ‘bottom‐up’ app dual residents, co blic stakeholders. pressed in the fo ded the developm Government age nts of the vision se of communit mix of econom fishing, manufac development pro e balance betw eratives; y sensitive areas; es that rely on th ces, such as agri uilt heritage of A mixed‐use settle nfrastructure, tha in walking dista ilities; and proach to develo ommunity groups . llowing five (5) k ment of the spati encies and highlighted: ty and high ic activities, cturing, and ocesses that ween social, he country’s iculture and Antigua and ements and at provide a nce of local opment that s, as well as key planning al plan: GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago x D T 3 h i t t a xii | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainable The review of the 3 initially focused hydrology, wetla dentified Environ to excessively ste then considered agricultural land Im Acc Promote Efficient & Effective Governance e Island Resource Key Plan e biophysical env d on critical ecosy nds, coral reefs, nmental Protecti eep slopes, eros d. Finally, en d, beaches, harb GOA Mainta Enha Ecosys Integ mprove cessibility e e Management Z ning Goals vironment contain ystem componen , sea grass beds on Areas. Enviro ion, flooding and nvironmental re bours, and hist ALS ain & nce stem grity E De & Li Enhance Liveability Zoning Plan for A ned within Sectio nts such as forest , and wildlife an onmental risks du d storm surge a sources such a oric features a Foster Economic evelopment Engaging ivelihoods y Antigua and Barb on ts, nd ue re as re addres “supply The “d which historic settlem econom The ha lots in physica strongl with e connec well as environ In Sect pattern designe followe scenari hierarc evaluat goals, hierarc spatial uda (including Re sed. Collectively y” component of demand” compon focused on the b c development ments, population mic tendencies, a aphazard pattern areas that are al infrastructure ly favours the es expansion areas ctions to the roa s avoid ecologica nmental resource tion 5, specific fa ns and the effect ed to influence ed by the ident ios: (i) current chical network of ted with respec identified above chical network w structure for the edonda) y, these compone f the SIRMZP. nent of the SIRM built environmen patterns, the n growth rates, as well as, social n of newly appro difficult to serv is highlighted. stablishment of that are strate ad network, redu ally sensitive area es, such as high q actors that have tiveness of the p these patterns tification of thre trends, (ii) de f settlements. E t to each of th e. A preferred o was recommende e zoning plan. ents are consider MZP is covered in nt. Consideration current spatial projected housi and physical inf oved subdivisions e with adequate Consequently, core mixed‐use egically located uce the cost of s as and the fragm quality agricultura affected the cur planning initiative s are highlighte ee (3) spatial d ecentralization, Each of these sc e five (5) prima option that is ba ed. This option ed to be the n Section 4, n is given to pattern of ng demand, frastructure. s with large e social and the SIRMZP settlements to improve servicing, as mentation of al land. rrent spatial es that were ed. This is evelopment and (iii) a enarios was ary planning ased on the provides a GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago x D T p p e a a E g s n h o a c C R a m m S A a A i xiii | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainable The proposed zo presented in Sect primary goals. environment and are demarcated activities, such Economy and Liv goal is addressed settlement area needed with resp highlighted in the of a hierarchical attention to indi coastal zones, as Composite SIRMZ Redonda separat activity zones. manipulated to major category as Section 7 provide Attention is initia and developmen Authority, as it mplementing th e Island Resource oning plan that tion 6 as a series First considerat d environmental p . Economic dev as tourism and velihood goal, ar d through the ide , and specific pect to the conf e Accessibility su approach to spat ividual settlemen well as national a ZP maps are pre tely. These map However, as th reveal more a d s required. es greater detail ally given to the a nt control proto is that organiz e plan. Specific e Management Z is embedded i s of layers that ad ion is given to protection, risk a velopment zones d industry, whic re then presente entification of co areas where im figuration of the ub‐section. Final tial planning is p nts, parishes and and regional issu esented for Antig ps display only th hey are GIS‐bas detailed classific concerning dev administrative str cols of the Dev zation that will c development c Zoning Plan for A in this SIRMZP ddress each of th o the biophysic and resource area s for a range o ch relate to th d. The Liveabili ore and expansio mprovements a road network ar lly, the desirabili resented with du d watersheds an es. gua, Barbuda, an he major land us ed, they may b ation within eac velopment contro ructure, resource velopment Contr be charged wit control guideline Antigua and Barb is he cal as of he ty on re re ty ue nd nd se be ch ol. es, ol th es, some o then pr Finally, term in SIRMZP enhanc “Ridge direct waters detaile initiatio in Barb While t decisio course and us making years, provisi develo conside develo uda (including Re of which are inte resented in table , Section 8 deta nterventions tha P but address r ced agricultural to Reef Commi and indirect i heds and adjace ed plans for par on of specific pro buda. the plan provide ons in Antigua an have little use u sed by all agenc g. As the implem it is inevitable th ons. In doing so pment guideline eration to the pment of the pla edonda) ended to serve as e form. ails recommende at are designed related issues, s policies and pro ittee” to provide impacts of dev ent coastal zones rishes and indiv ojects, which incl es a firm foundat nd Barbuda (inc unless it is forma cies as a referen mentation process at there will be a o, it is important es for discrete underlying pr n. s performance st ed immediate a not only to imp such as the pre ograms; the form e a technical rev velopment proje s; the developme vidual settlement lude a plan for th tion for spatial d luding Redonda) ally adopted by G nce for day to d s will take place a need to modify to look beyond parcels and g rinciples that g tandards are nd medium plement the eparation of mation of a view of the ects within ent of more ts; and the he port area evelopment ), it will, of‐ Government day decision over several y some of its the specific give careful guided the GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago x D T p o a t F b f xiv | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainable The application presentation in G over maps depic and biophysical taken into acco Further, the plan be adjusted over for the well being e Island Resource and modification GIS format, a form cting a wide ran phenomena to r unt in social an is intended to se time to reflect s g of the nation. e Management Z n of the plan is mat that allows th ge of additional reveal patterns t nd economic de erve as a living do shifting priorities Zoning Plan for A s facilitated by i he zones to be la social, economi that may then b evelopment plan ocument that ma and opportunitie Antigua and Barb ts id ic, be ns. ay es uda (including Reedonda) GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago v D D vi | P a g e December 2011 raft Sustainable CHAPTE Island Resource ER 1 Management Zooning Plan for An INTROD tigua and Barbud DUCTION da (including Red N donda) 1 D D 1 1 | P a g e December 2011 raft Sustainable 1.0 INTRO Figur Island Resource ODUCTION re 1.1 Maps of A Management Zo N Antigua and Ba oning Plan for An rbuda tigua and Barbud As a Sm Antigua resourc develo manag primar land a engagi healthy agricul resourc of its h accessi tourism The de are sim • • • • • da (including Red mall Island Deve a and Barbuda ces that may be pment, and yet ging a sustaina ry resources incl nd seascapes, e ng history, dem y population, a tural lands and ces were of prim history, the othe ibility to North A m industry. evelopment challe milar to many oth Fragile terrestri wetlands and development p A relatively sma Vulnerability environmental hurricanes, and Urban decay in and Parham); Pockets of pove donda) loping State (SID (including Red e drawn upon t t, also experienc ble developmen ude a very agre extensive areas o mocratic governa nd significant n fish stocks). W mary economic im er resources liste America and Eur enges that are fa er SIDS in the reg ial and marine ec coral reefs rojects, pollution all land mass and to external events, such d climate change; n two of the key erty; DS) in the Eastern donda) has very to provide a so ces important ch nt process. The eeable climate, of high ecologica ance, a well‐ed natural resource While the count mportance throug d, coupled with rope, have led t aced by Antigua a gion. These inclu cosystems such a that are enda n and misuse; population size; economic an as economic y historic centres n Caribbean, y significant lid base for hallenges in e country’s outstanding al value, an ucated and es (beaches, try’s natural ghout much the ease of o a thriving and Barbuda de: as mangrove angered by nd natural recessions, s (St. John’s 10 km 10mlln Redonda Codrln~,g~ la9oon • Codrlngton BARBUDA CARIBBEAN SEA N ST J0HN'SO t,. * Bony P k English Harbour Town • S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D Su T d p d T c F i S a f i 2 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island • Inadequa • Extensive underdev • Insufficie infrastruc • Ribbon contribut network; • Conflictin tourism a • Land deg institutio due to th developm These problems document that s provides the c development pla This combination country’s selectio Facility (GEF) in mportance and p SIDS. Antigua an as a Draft Nation for the country in nitiative, the GE Resource Manag ate physical infras e poorly loc veloped; nt and unevenl cture; development tes to traffic co ng land use acti and agricultural a gradation due to nal capacity to m he presence of w ment control mec are exacerbat sets out national ontext required ns. n of developmen on as a prototyp nitiative that wa practicality of sus nd Barbuda’s sele al Physical Devel n 2001 but was n EF effectively pro gement Zoning P structure; cated subdivis y distributed ho along rural ngestion; an inc ivities, especially activities; and uncontrolled gr manage the dev weak and fragme chanisms. ted by the lack spatial develop d for the prep t assets and cha pe for a major Gl as intended to stainable resourc ection as a proto opment Plan (NP never officially ad ovided an opport Plan for Antigua a ions that ar ousing and soci highways whic complete highwa y among housin razing; and limite velopment proce nted land use an k of a statuto ment policies an paration of loc allenges led to th lobal Environmen demonstrate th ce management otype is fortuitou PDP) was prepare dopted. With th tunity to build o and Barbuda (inc re al ch ay g, ed ss nd ry nd cal he nt he in us ed his on the an more environ GEF’s o This Su presen framew platfor initiativ the nex cluding Redonda alysis and provis recent developm nmental analyses overall initiative. Figure ustainable Island nts a forward‐loo work. It addresse rm for feasible ves that will refle xt twenty (20) ye ) sions of that Pla ment trends an s that were cond 1.2: Map of the Resource Manag oking, strategic n es current develo private and p ect local cultural ears. an while taking i d the results o ucted during oth e Caribbean gement Zoning Pl national spatial d opment issues an public sector d values and aspi nto account of extensive er phases of an (SIRMZP) evelopment d provides a evelopment rations over Florida80" :,. (U.S.A.) , -· ..,. -- The Caribbean Basin G11/f of Mexico .,/ - '-:!, Bahamas .,, Ii:==. .....-a e:..,. -- Tropic d C&ncer ,. ~-­... ,.. - = -c., \ ::::::: Cuba 0-.01-• Caymanlslands ""'' -t"· Jamaica Honduras ~ Nicaragua = c:..... ..... --- Turb& CatCOII l&lanct, ""' ., ... =· --~ .. ... , . ~ u.a ...., .-, Halt Dominican - Republic 0 m uac.,J ~ o=.. - Caribbean Atlantic Ocean .......... ...-:.. -· .., .... , -0... ...... UII~ a. o.vn.o o.-... , :.....,- "'" '"=. ·--r::: Venezuela 20' GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D Su T m 2 T 3 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island The SIRMZP is al meets the criter 2003). In this cap 1. Provides and habi optimize 2. Promotes use settle respond while pr services, 3. Establish focus on industria 4. Presents efficacy system; 5. Specifies administr developm 6. Provides plans th priorities This SIRMZP is pr Resource Manag so designed to s ia set out in the pacity, it: for the protecti tats, minimizes the productive u s the developme ements that offe to different inco oviding ready a and facilities; es economic gro n tourism, profe l development; proposals to of the road ne substantive a rative framewor ment in accordan a framework fo hat are in acco and strategies. esented in eight gement Zoning P serve as a revised e Physical Planni on of critical eco environmental r use of environme nt of a network o er a range of hou ome levels and access to local c wth and employ essional services, improve the c etwork and pub nd procedural rks that may b ce with national r the preparation ordance with n (8) sections: Plan for Antigua a d Draft NPDP tha ng Act 2003 (PP osystem function isks, and seeks t ntal resources; of cohesive mixed using options tha living preference commerce, publ yment centres tha , agriculture, an configuration an blic transportatio regulations an be used to guid policies; and n of detailed loc ational land us and Barbuda (inc at PA ns to d‐ at es lic at nd nd on nd de al se Sec Sec Sec Sec Sec Sec Sec The SIR that pr by Ant incorpo cluding Redonda ction 1 Intr ma me pro ction 2 Dev and ctions 3 & 4 Exa Bio Env ction 5 Pre Dev ction 6 Pre incl rati ction 7 Spe Pol ction 8 Off RMZP is accompa rovides a more d tigua and Barbud orated into Sectio ) roduction, includ ndate and th thodology whic ocess; velopment Orien d goals of the Pla amines key plan ophysical Envir vironment; esents and eva velopment Strate esents a Physica ludes a land u ionale for each la ecifies Land Use icies, and fers a phased Imp anied by a State etailed overview da. The key po ons 3 and 4 of th des a presentat e goals, objec ch guided the ntation presents n; nning issues rela onment and aluates alternat egies; al Development use zoning ma and use category; and Developm plementation pro of the Country ( of the planning oints of the SOC is document. tion of the ctives, and e planning s the vision ating to the the Built tive Spatial t Plan that p and the ; ent Control ocess. (SOC) report issues faced C have been GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D Su 1 T f u a a “ S T o 2 I t e p r T B A 4 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island 1.1 Mandate This Sustainable I for Antigua and under the auspic and the Environm as a componen “Demonstrating Sustainable Islan The Plan has the out for a develop 2003) administer sland Resource Z the recommenda ensure the lon protection of cri resources. The specific requ Barbuda (includin Act 2003 include, 1. A statem 2. A report principal character 3. A statem Resource Manag e Island Resource M Barbuda (includ ces of the Minis ment and the Dev t of an interna the Developm nd Resource Ma dual responsibilit pment plan in th red by the DCA, Zoning Managem ations of ecolog ng‐term mainte tical habitats, an uirements for a ng Redonda) as , among other ele ent of the princip on the existing co physical, socia ristics. ment of the polici gement Zoning P Management Zon ding Redonda) ha try of Agricultur velopment Contr ationally funded ent and Imple anagement Mech ty of meeting the he Physical Plann as well as servin ment Plan (SIRMZ gical studies that nance of ecos nd the sustainab development pla specified in the ements, the pres pal aims and obje onditions of the a al, economic an es, proposals an Plan for Antigua a ning Plan (SIRMZ as been prepare re, Lands, Housin ol Authority (DCA d project entitle ementation of hanism (SIRMM) e requirements se ing Act 2003 (PP g as a Sustainab ZP), that integrate t are designed t system function ble use of natur an in Antigua an Physical Plannin entation of: ectives of the Plan area, including th nd environment d programmes fo and Barbuda (inc P) ed ng A) ed a )”. et PA le es to ns, ral nd ng n. he al or 4. 5. Furthe the pla manne reason meetin consult and Ba outline 1.2 The pl robust, proces Antigua sustain cluding Redonda future developm for regulating measures for t environment. A reasoned just future developm A schedule g proposals. r, in accordance anning process er that involves , extensive prog ngs and worksho tations concerni arbuda in Septe ed in the PPA 200 Planning App anning approach , yet flexible, too ses to ensure th a and Barbuda nable developme ) ment and use of the use and the maintenance tification of the p ment and use of guiding the im with the guidel must proceed in all stakeholders grammes of pub ops have been ng the draft SIR mber 2011, in k 03. proach h for this projec ols that can be us at the needs and are met in way nt. land, including th development o e and improvem policies and propo land in the area. mplementation o ines established n an open and s and the public blic service anno completed. Fo RMZP took place keeping with the ct was designed sed to channel d d aspirations of ys that are cons he principles f land and ment of the osals for the of planning by SIRMM, transparent c. For this ouncements, ormal public e in Antigua e guidelines to produce evelopment residents of sistent with GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D Su T Z D d b s o o o T E b t e n a t a l d . 5 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island These tools incl Zoning Plan (SIRM Development P development con both social and standards for c ordinances, ensu objectives is mai objectives. The overall plann Ecology which be between land us then proceeded t enhance this rel needs and aspira approach is supp the public in the and evaluation earning process development of a . Resource Manag ude a Sustainab MZP) that, in a sim Plan (NPDP), m ntrol measures a physical infrast certain projects res that a clear intained while a ning approach m egan with an asse se activities and to explore spatia lationship while, tions of resident orted through th elaboration of a of alternative s s is fostered w a Plan that is inte gement Zoning P ble Island Resou milar fashion to a may be imple and strategic pub ructure. The use s, as opposed focus on sustain llowing flexibility may be characteri essment of the ex the biophysical al development st , at the same t s. Further, a colla he involvement of vision, as well as trategies. In thi hich in turn co ended to receive w Plan for Antigua a urce Managemen a National Physic mented throug blic investments e of performanc to rigid zonin able developmen y in achieving th ised as a Learnin xisting relationsh environment an trategies that ma ime, meeting th aborative plannin f stakeholders an , the developmen is way, a mutu ontributes to th wide support. and Barbuda (inc nt cal gh in ce ng nt he ng ip nd ay he ng nd nt al he cluding Redonda) GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D Su 6 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island SIRMM National Objecti Resource Manag ives S gement Zoning P Init Biophysical Analy Stat Spatia Sustainable Island Ongoin Visio Rev Revision of P Plan for Antigua a Figure 1.3 P tiate Planning Pro Inception Repor ysis e of the Country R al Development St d Resource Manag Public Consultatio g Monitoring & A oning & SWOT A Ana iew of Plan & Rev Plan & Submissio and Barbuda (inc Planning Appro cess rt Report trategies gement Zoning Pl on Assessment Analysis lysis of Built Environ visions n for Approval cluding Redonda oach an nment ) Cons Natio Steer Plan Stake • • • Gene sultation onal Government ring Committee (C Committee) eholders Government Age Non-Governmen Special Interest G eral Public t Core Zoning encies ntal Groups Groups I - I :, ·-?? ,..~~~ "1 -. ' c- S GENIVAR Trinidad & To/Jago 7 D Su A I p f w c T g b c w c i p D t t m t g t T o c p i 7 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island As depicted in nception Report planning issues a formally presente workshop was he critical planning i The Inception Re gathering which biophysical envir consideration of well as physical a culture and re nstitutional arr presented in a dr During a full‐day the development the Strengths, W may affect the fe the stakeholders goals, objectives, to “Where we wa The existing bala of the biophysica current land us planning issues. dentified. Thes Resource Manag Figure 1.3, the t detailing the c and the plannin ed to the Core Zo eld with stakehol ssues. eport led to the focused on spec ronment; the bu settlement patt and social infrastr ecreation; and angements. The raft State of the C workshop in Feb t of Antigua and Weaknesses, Oppo easibility of reac present. This wo , and strategies t ant to be in 20 ye nce between lan l environment w e activities with Three (3) type se units were t gement Zoning P planning proces consultants’ und g approach. Th oning Plan Comm ders in August 20 commencement cific planning issu uilt environment terns, population ructure); econom the legislative e results of th Country Report in bruary 2010, a Vis Barbuda (includ ortunities and Th hing the vision w orkshop led to th that are designed ears”. nd use activities as assessed by ov h maps depictin es of environme hen assessed to Plan for Antigua a ss began with a erstanding of th his document wa mittee (CZPC) and 009 to identify th of extensive dat ues relating to th t (which include n and housing, a my and livelihood framework an his inquiry wer n January 2010. sion Statement fo ding Redonda) an reats (SWOT) tha were elicited fro he identification o d to move forwar and the capabilit verlaying a map o ng environment ental zones wer o determine the and Barbuda (inc an he as a he ta he ed as ds; nd re or nd at m of rd ty of tal re eir capabi include 1. 2. 3. It shou issues part of is ongo conside An ana due c opport involve activiti adjace Particu genera cluding Redonda lities to support ed: Environmental maintenance o critical habitats Environmental be taken to red Environmental agricultural lan manner to sup security. uld be noted that was derived from f a separate phas oing, the delineat ered a first appro alysis of land use consideration t tunities, and ho ed the identific es, as well as, a nt activities and ular attention w ate significant t ) t specific land u Protection Area of ecosystem f s; Risk Areas: wh uce risks such as Resource Area nds that could pport the local e the information m the work of a e in the overall S tion of specific si oximation and su e activity pattern to historic pa ousing and sett ation and map an assessment of the degree of int was given to the ravel demand. use activities. as: which are cr functions and/o ere specific mea land slippage; an as: such as Clas be used in a economy and pro pertaining to en nother consultin SIRMM project. A ites for protectio bject to refineme ns was then com tterns, trends, tlement requirem pping of existing f the compatibil teraction betwee e location of ac In addition, th These units itical to the or provided asures must nd ss II and III sustainable omote food vironmental ng agency as As that work on should be ent. mpleted with economic ments. This g land use ity between en activities. ctivities that e land use GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D Su s i e A a s d s c l A d e s i d E D s a P p o S 8 | P a g e December 2011 ustainable Island suitability analys mpacts that ea environment. A visual ‘devel alternative spat superimposing t depicting settlem strategies were t capacity to ensur iving environmen A zoning plan wa development str environmental ar sustainable com nfrastructure th development of Effectively, the Pl “How we can g During the consu stakeholders and all aspects of the Plan (SIRMZP). T provided opportu opinions concern SIRMZP. In ad Resource Manag sis considered th ach activity is l opment game tial developmen the maps of e ment patterns. hen generated a re the resilience o nts and opportun as then prepared rategy. In add reas noted above mmunities with hat serve all of a sustainable lan presents: go from where w ultation phase th d the general pub e Sustainable Isla These sessions in unities for indivi ning the merits ddition, docume gement Zoning P he types of posi ikely to have o board’ for the nt strategies w environmental is Alternative spa and evaluated wit of ecological func nities for econom d to support the dition to the th e, the Plan prop accessible phy f the country a economy that we are, to where w hat took place in blic had the oppo and Resource Ma ncluded succinct duals and group and conversely entation that il Plan for Antigua a tive and negativ on its biophysic e exploration o was created b ssues with thos atial developmen th respect to the ctions, high qualit mic growth. e preferred spati hree (3) types o oses a network o ysical and soci and promote th includes tourism we want to be?” September 201 ortunity to revie anagement Zonin presentations an ps to express the y demerits of th llustrated variou and Barbuda (inc ve cal of by se nt eir ty al of of al he m. 1, w ng nd eir he us compo public, broadc Follow revised public. in the statuto While submis Geogra suppor useful effectiv propos the Pla have a Antigua cluding Redonda onents of the Pla and the SIRMZ casts and intervie ing the consultat d to reflect the fe At the same tim Plan were revie ory requirements the present p ssion of the SIR aphical Informati rt the assessmen tool. In particu veness of the Pla sals and evaluate an may keep pa a lasting contrib a and Barbuda. ) an was made av ZP was discusse ews and newspap tion phase in Sep eedback received me, the impleme ewed and refine s. planning proces RMZP in Octob on System (GIS) nt of land use cap ular, the GIS ma an, assess the app e future developm ace with shifting bution on the s vailable to mem ed on radio and per articles. ptember 2011, t d from stakehold entation measure ed to ensure tha s will conclude er 2011 for ap that has been d pability will conti ay be used to m propriateness of ment strategies. needs and aspi sustainable deve mbers of the d television he Plan was ders and the es presented at it met all e with the pproval, the eveloped to inue to be a monitor the new project In this way, irations and elopment of GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 9 D 9 | P a g e December 2011 CHAPTE ER 2 DEVELOOPMENT ORIENTAATION 1 D 2 T a q r e m e t u p c o s 2 T e o g o a p t 10 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 2.0 DEVE The statements “ are at the heart questions, it is im reflects the aspir existing resource may then be furt each of the majo to achieve the go used to direct progress. This s components, nam objectives with sections of the Pl 2.1 Vision The vision guiding exercise” that wa of Antiguan and groups. In additi of residents and and informal m preparation proc the Country Rep and Resource Ma LOPMENT “What do we wan of most plannin mportant to devel ations of the pop s and within the her articulated th or facets of the v oals; and explicit policies, progra section focuses o mely, the Vision respect to each an. g this Plan emerg as conducted wit Barbudan gove on, it integrates stakeholders wh meetings during cess, as well as, t port. The main anagement Zonin T ORIENTAT nt?” and “How c ng processes. In lop a clear, realis pulation and may time frame of th hrough a set of g vision; strategies measurable obje ammes, and pr on the two (2) and Goals. Expl h goal are offere ged, in large part h representative ernment agencie the aspirations a o participated in the early stag the findings repo n components o ng Plan for Antigu TION an we get there? n answering thes stic vision that tha y be achieved wit he Plan. The visio goals that focus o that are designe ctives that may b rojects to asses of these plannin icit strategies an ed in subsequen , from a “visionin s of a broad rang s and communit and cultural value n numerous form ges of the Pla orted in a State o of the vision ar ua and Barbuda ( ?” se at th on on ed be ss ng nd nt ng ge ty es al an of re expres situatio Antigu sense of life. tourism service develo system as we protec water are co supply natura Views access (including Redon sed in the foll on in the country ua and Barbuda is of community, m The economy h m, agriculture, fi es. The conc opment activities ms is maintained. etlands, mangrov cted from develo extraction, agric ontrolled. Innova y of water for ag al and built herita of the sea from s to beaches. nda) owing statemen y in 2030. s a peaceful coun maintain healthy has a good, com fishing, manufact ept of sustain s and ensures th Consequently, s ve forests, sea opment; while r culture, fishing, q ative technologie riculture and oth age of the count roadways are ma nts that would ntry where reside lifestyles, and en mpetitive mix of a turing, and inter able developme hat the integrity sensitive environm grass beds, and resource‐based a quarrying, and w s are used to en her uses. Furthe try is highly valu aintained and th depict the ents have a stron njoy a high quali activities includin rnational busines ent underlies a of environment mental areas, suc d coral reefs ar activities, such a aste managemen nsure an adequat r, the outstandin ued and respecte e public has read ng ty ng ss all tal ch re as nt te ng d. dy ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D L d p i s p c E s S e f p p p g e c E d g a 11 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Land use manag due to the rela pressures of acc immigrants and settlements and provide a variety commercial and Each settlement sewerage, electri Solar, wind, and energy requireme form of the settl protected and t provide a degre produce for local wide hierarchy government serv the country. Th efficient public congestion. Effective commu the public is mai web‐based servi development th groups, along wi and is a source of and Resource Ma ement is a critica tively small land commodating in tourists. For th d tourism areas y of housing opt community facili has effective inf icity, transportat other renewable ents in these sett lements ensures that sufficient a e of food securi l markets. All se that collective vices and emplo he network also transportation unication between ntained through ices. A collabo hat involves in ith private and pu f pride for citizen anagement Zonin al, ongoing conc d mass of the c ncreasing numbe his reason, cohe s have been de tions within wal ities, such as stor frastructure that ion, and commun energy sources m tlements. The re that critical ecol agricultural land ity and a good ettlements form p ely provides re yment opportun facilitates the system and n government ag regional governm rative ‘bottom‐u ndividual residen ublic stakeholder ns of the country. ng Plan for Antigu ern for residents country and the ers of residents, esive, mixed use esignated which lking distance of res, and schools. provides water, nication services. meet most of the elatively compact logical areas are is available to variety of fresh part of a nation‐ eady access to ities throughout operation of an reduces traffic gencies and with ment offices and up’ approach to nts, community rs, is encouraged ua and Barbuda ( 2.2 G While th without Governm commun forward pathway the strat associate have be hereafte s e f e t t c d y d (including Redon Goals e vision expresse a determined an ment of Antigua nity groups and is to identify g s toward the visi tegies, objective ed with each goa een identified fo r: Figure 2.1 Improve Accessibil Promote Efficient and Effective Governance nda) ed above is attain nd concerted eff a and Barbuda, the public. The goals that expre ion. In subsequen es (or outputs) a al are identified or the SIRMZP. : The Goals of th GOALS Maintain and Enhance Ecosystem Integrity e lity nable, it will not fort on the part private stakeh e first step in m ess discrete them nt Sections of th and activities th . Five (5) specifi These are pre he SIRMZP Foster Economic Development and Engaging Livelihoods Enhance Liveability be met of the holders, moving mes or is Plan, hat are c goals esented S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D G T P e v u o m i c I t r s a i t e G L A a f s 12 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Goal 1: Maintai The integrity of Policies, program exceed the capa vulnerability of n unintended cons one example of mangrove destru n SIDS that ha competing develo n Antigua and B the freshwater s reefs, sand dune sustain flora and as land slippage, mportant to en tourism, fishing, ecological system Goal 2: Foste Livelihoods As this SIRMZP addition to meet for economic gr strategically loca and Resource Ma in and Enhance ecosystems is of mmes, and proje acity of natural natural and huma sequences that r this is the dec uction. These con ave extremely li opment priorities Barbuda, the key system, fringe m s and forested a fauna and prote coastal erosion nsure that reso and agriculture ms. er Economic is intended to ing environment rowth by ensur ted; transportat anagement Zonin e Ecosystem Inte f great importan ects which exer systems inevita an systems. Furt ipple throughout line in fish stoc ncerns are all the imited land ma s. y environmental mangrove, sea g reas, all of which ect against natur and hurricanes. ource‐based ind do not exceed Development serve as an up al objectives it m ing that land u ion and commu ng Plan for Antigu egrity nce in all regions rt pressures tha bly increase the ther, they lead to t the economy – ck resulting from e more importan ss coupled with concerns include grass beds, cora h are essential to ral disasters such In addition, it is ustries, such as the resilience o and Engaging pdated NPDP, in must set the stage use activities are nication facilities ua and Barbuda ( s. t e o – m t h e al o h s s f g n e e s are effi projects Equally These s populat Over‐de concern macroe Consequ econom Light constru and fish diversifi therefor Goal 3: The fun recreati of a reg people urban d affordab While th in man (including Redon icient; and prov s that will have important are t should reflect t ion and provide o ependence on on n in Antigua conomic volatil uently, it is im mic activities bot manufacturing, ction, and resou heries, are among ied economy. Th re be considered : Enhance Livea nctionality, feel, onal environmen gion as these qu experience as th design componen ble housing, basic he quality of life ny other Carib nda) vision is made f a ripple effect t the type of livel the interests an opportunities for ne (1) economic and Barbuda lity and vulne portant to striv h between and professional a urce‐based indu g the sectors that he land requirem in the SIRMZP. ability and appearance nts is of critical im ualities affect th hey go about th nts are compleme c infrastructure a in Antigua and B bean islands, for catalytic dev throughout the ihoods that are nd skill‐sets of r advancement. sector, tourism, as it contri rability to ext ve for a health within economi and technical stries such as a t may contribute ents of these sec e of residential, mportance to the he ease and plea heir daily routine ented by the ava and community se Barbuda is superi significant urba velopment economy. available. the local is a main butes to ternalities. hy mix of ic sectors. services, agriculture to a more ctors must work and liveability asure that es. These ailability of ervices. ior to that an design S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D i i o f u p p s p G E r e p c b t R u d D s a 13 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla mprovements a nfrastructure suc of affordable hou facilities including urban design o pedestrian enviro property develo sufficient land population. Goal 4: Improve Ease of access to recreation facilit environment. T planning whereb close at hand, w basis may be reac transportation sy Ribbon developm uses and disperse demand unnec Development co settlements wou and the operation and Resource Ma are needed in t ch as water and s using, and acces g beaches. Furth f settlements, onment, and to e opment does no and developme e Accessibility o schools, emplo ties is critical his is generally by services that while those that ched via an effici ystem. ment along roads ed settlements e cessarily throug ontrols that favo uld enhance opp n of efficient pub anagement Zonin the extent and sewerage service s to community her, it is importan especially with ensure that forei ot preclude the ent opportunitie oyment opportun to the success best achieved th are needed on are required on ent road infrastr s and highways, effectively increas ghout Antigua our compact coh ortunities for pr blic transportation ng Plan for Antigu quality of basic es, the availability and recreationa nt to improve the respect to the ign investment in e availability o es for the loca nities, stores and s of any living hrough proximity a daily basis are n a less frequen ucture and public fragmented land se transportation and Barbuda hesive mixed‐use roximity planning n services. ua and Barbuda ( c y al e e n f al d g y e t c d n a. e g Goal 5: The gov Efficient coordin bottom‐ partners At pres Barbuda compet planning enhance village c to local line wi consulta develop environ (including Redon : Promote Effici vernance of lan t and effectiv ated, strive to a ‐up initiatives, ships, and are tra sent, land mana a is undertaken b ing mandates a g, development ed through the d councils and com needs and will th the develop ation concerning pment control me ment impact asse nda) ient and Effectiv nd management ve governance achieve a balanc present opport ansparent. agement decisio by several differe and with insuffi t control and evolution of cert mmunity groups. be motivated to pment aspiration g key projects, a easures such as p essments would ve Governance issues affects approaches e between top‐d unities for pub n‐making in An ent national age icient coordinati maintenance tain responsibiliti These bodies are o find solutions t ns of residents as well as, great performance stan be beneficial. everyone. are well down and blic‐private tigua and ncies with ion. Local could be es to local e sensitive hat are in . Public ter use of ndards and S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 14 | P a g e D r a f t A u g u s t 2 0 1 1 Sustainable Island Resource Management Zoning Plan: National Physical Development Plan, 2011 CHAPTER 3 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 1 D 3 3 3 A t 1 e s 2 c c M n a 3 3 F 1 15 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.0 BIOPH 3.1 Backgro 3.1.1 Context Antigua and Barb the relatively sha 1,390 sq. miles (3 edges respective section of the Le 25 miles (40 km centre of volcanic chain of the “Vo Montserrat1. Red nearest point i approximately 0.5 3.1.2 Geology 3.1.2.1 Geolog Figure 3.1 shows a) The Volc where ex that form 1 Martin Brasier and J and Resource Ma HYSICAL EN ound t buda lie approxi allow Barbuda Ba 3,600 km2). They ly of the bank, w sser Antillean Isla ) and 62 miles c activity associat olcanic Caribbee donda lies approx n Antigua and 5 sq. miles (1.3 k y and Soils gy the three (3) dist canic Region of t xplosive eruption med the valleys a Jack Donahue, 1985 anagement Zonin NVIRONM mately 25 miles ank, which covers y sit on the south which in turn is lo and Arc. Antigua (100 km) east re ted with late Mio es” which stretch ximately 35 miles is a rugged, m2) in area. tinct geological re the south and s ns produced pyro and andesite and ng Plan for Antigu ENT (40 km) apart o s an area of abou hern and norther cated at the oute a and Barbuda ar espectively of th ocene to Holocen hes from Saba t s (56 km) from th uninhabited roc egions of Antigua outhwest sectio oclastic and ashfa d basalt flows tha ua and Barbuda ( on ut rn er re he ne to he ck a: n, all at b) c) (including Redon shaped the hill slightly acidic a The Central P limestone regio in the northwe region consists turfs and agglo are less than 10 The Limestone eastern third o the northern co is comprised toughness. M from fine‐grain this region rang nda) s of the area. S nd slopes are pre Plain, which se ons and extends est to Willoughby generally of we omerates, with po 0o. e Region, which of Antigua as we oastline. Known of different lim ost of the limes ed particles of b ge from 50 ft (15 Soils are primaril edominantly 100 ‐ eparates the vo from the capita y Bay in the sout ll‐drained soils c ockets of tough c includes the no ll as many of the as the Antigua F mestone types stone of the reg biogenic origin. E m) to 99 ft (30 m y neutral to ‐ 200. olcanic and l, St. John's, theast. This omposed of clay. Slopes orthern and e islands off Formation, it of varying gion derives Elevations in m). S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! St. John's ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Geology Consolidated Pyroplastic Lava Flow Limestone Sandstone, Conglomerates & Shale All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association GEOLOGY DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 3.1 ■ ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D 3 C c T i r T c c d o d c g h A T p h a t s 17 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.1.2.2 Soils Comprehensive s carried out by M The major soil t nfluences of the region consists of These soils are central plain has contains well‐dr detritus) and agg over calcareous s deeper well‐drai contain large am generally alkalin homogeneous an Antigua. The lime These are gener permeability, an housing, tourism area and size o through soil inve samples for labor and Resource Ma studies of the so Martin‐Kaye (195 types of Antigua e three (3) main f igneous rock wi neutral to slight some heavy, ha rained soils laid glomerates. In th sandstones, heav ned clays over ounts of almost ne in this regio nd are most simil estone‐derived s ral descriptions. nd load bearing m and other type f the proposed estigations using ratory analysis. anagement Zonin oils of Antigua a 6), Hill (1966) an a can be group geological regio ith soils that are tly acidic and w rd to work clay s d over tuffs (s he limestone regio vier soils over cal calcareous marl pure calcium car on. Barbuda’s lar to those of lim oils cover 78% of Details on rate g capacity of s es of projects, (d development) m g boreholes or t ng Plan for Antigu and Barbuda wer nd Ahmad (1984 ed to reflect th ons. The volcan largely clay loam well drained. Th soils, but general stratified volcan on, light soils exi lcareous grits, an . Some of thes rbonate. Soils ar soils are mor mestone region o f the island. es of percolatio soils required fo depending on th must be supplie est pits to obta ua and Barbuda ( re 4). he nic ms. he ly nic st nd se re re of n, or he ed in 3.1.3 3.1.3.1 Topogr certain m) abo 1000 ft Approx slopes of land 210, am coastlin conditi marine 2 Halcrow 3 Land Environm (including Redon Topography 1 Antigua raphy is a critica n uses. About 70% ove sea level (AS t (305 m) ASL2. ximately 65% of A between 30‐100, d is between 110 mounts to abou ne, along with ions attractive t e recreation. w et al 1963 and Water Mana mental Profile, 1991 nda) al variable in the % of the land in A L); 4% rises 500 Antigua’s land ar while 5% is flat o and 200, and the t 10% of the la several offshore o recreational b agement, Atkins 1 e capacity of land Antigua is less tha ft (152 m) ASL a ea is comprised o or less than 20. A e steeper areas, nd area3. A ve e islands and re boating and othe 983 and Antigua d to sustain an 100 ft (30 and 1% rises of moderate Another 20% in excess of ry indented eefs provide er forms of and Barbuda S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! Old Road St. John's English Harbour/ Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Lakes/Ponds Elevation (ft) 0 - 100 100 - 200 200 - 300 300 - 400 400 - 500 500 - 600 600 - 700 700 - 800 800 - 900 900 - 1000 1000 - 1100 1100 - 1200 1200 - 1300 All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ELEVATION DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 3.2 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' !( 5 25 30 35 45 40 1 15 20 10 25 35 40 45 30 50 65 60 55 5 65 60 15 10 20 50 55 Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Contours (ft) Rivers Lagoon Inland Water Wetland Forest All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ELEVATION DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 3.3 ~ □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 2 D 3 B a h a s t m s 4 20 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.1.3.2 Barbud Barbuda’s topog about 10 ft (3 m heights reach up abrupt escarpme sea cliffs charact the island is a la mouth of which i separating the la 4 http://www.brita and Resource Ma da raphy is relative m) above sea leve p to 124 ft (38 m ent, whereas a g erize the east. R agoon that is less s to the north. In goon from the se nnica.com/EBche anagement Zonin ely uniform. Mo el, except in the m). To the nort gentle slope mar Running along th s than 0.6 miles n some areas, the ea is only a few m ecked/topic/49474 ng Plan for Antigu ost of Barbuda i e highlands wher th and west is a rks the south an e western side o (1 km) wide, th e long narrow sp meters wide. Th 42/Redonda Photo of Redo ua and Barbuda ( is re n d of e it e island is 3.1.3.3 Redond area an with st topogra 4 onda (source web (including Redon s surrounded by 3 Redonda da is a rugged u nd rising to appro eep cliffs on all aphy of Redonda ecoist.com)1 nda) a well‐developed ninhabited rock, oximately 10,000 sides. The follo . d reef system. , 0.5 sq. miles (1 0 ft (305m) above owing illustrates 1.3 km2) in e seal level the overall SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D 21 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Figure Source: R and Resource Ma e 3.4: Topograp Redonda, Fauna & anagement Zonin phic Map of Red & Flora Internatio ng Plan for Antigu donda onal, 2010 ua and Barbuda ( 3.1.4 (including Redon Climate • Temperatur Antigua and Ba round. The cl easterly trade w Daily temperatu January and 8 Extremes range August to lows o • Rainfall Rainfall in Antig patterns. Typic January to Ma rainfall occurs. November rece (May, through J 30% to 35% of t Year to year distribution. M years and Augu the years, May while February least variable. elevations in t nda) re arbuda experienc imate is influen winds and has a m ures average 750 840F (290C) in e from a high o of 590F (150C) rec gua and Barbuda ally, there is a dr rch/April, when The wet sea ives 45% to 50% July, and Decem he annual total. variations ca March and April st or September rainfall levels ha and October ra Climatological d the southern a ce high tempera nced by the ste marked dry and w 0F (240C) in Dece August and S f 930 F (340C) r corded in January a is influenced b ry season that ex less than 20% son from Augu % and intermedia mber) receive an n mask norm are wet month are occasionally ave been the mo infall levels have data shows that rea generally re atures year ady north‐ wet season. ember and September. ecorded in y. by seasonal tends from of annual st through ate months average of al rainfall hs in some y dry. Over ost variable e been the the higher eceive the .rEt IAU . 0 /iKJl(lAS7tR,,A/l(JI ~ 5 \: fN SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D 3 3 T t t c 22 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla largest am per year, of the is annually. per year, limestone Barbuda averages of rainfa Decembe August to • Hum The relat islands in 80's in th From Jan northeas 3.2 Ecosyste 3.2.1 Ecosyst The strategic app the identification terrestrial forest coral reefs. Thes and Resource Ma mounts of rainfa while the least r sland, amounting Intermediate va are experienced e areas. is one of the dr between 30 inch all per year. Th er and ends in Jul o November. idity tive humidity in A n the region (me he morning and nuary through M t trade winds. ems em Units proach to land a n and mapping o s, mangroves, w se have been m anagement Zonin ll, in excess of 50 rainfall occurs in g to 40 inches ( alues averaging 4 in the central pl riest islands in th hes (76 cm) and he island’s dry ly, while the wet Antigua is high co ean relative hum in the low 70's i May the island ex and resource use of critical ecosyst wetlands, beache mapped in the fo ng Plan for Antigu 0 inches (127 cm the eastern area (101 cm) or less 45 inches (114 cm ains and norther he Caribbean an 39 inches (99 cm season begins i season lasts from ompared to othe idity is in the low in the afternoon xperiences coolin e zoning include tem units, namel es, sea grass an ollowing sections ua and Barbuda ( m) as s, m) n d m) n m er w ). g d ly d s. Ecosyst stationa 3.2.1.1 a) Wh we cat sho The cha elev ove fore fau pro lan dow (including Redon tem units are im ary flora and faun 1 Forests and T Antigua hile not different re identified by egories as shown own in Figure 3.5. e table also ind aracteristics. For vation and rainfa er time. Protec ests will reduce na to which th ovide for soil a dscape scenery a wn‐slope settlem nda) mportant banks na with low to hig Terrestrial Vege iated in the exis Carter in 1944 n in Table 3.1. Th . dicates the gen rest types are in all and all have e ction, preservatio further loss of ey provide habi and water cons and reduction of ments and infrastr of biological div gh mobility. etation sting mapping, Fo and placed into he forest cover of neral location a nfluenced by geo experienced vario on and sustaina valuable flora, a itat. Such step servation, maint f flood risks assoc ructure. versity with orest types o seven (7) f Antigua is nd canopy ology, soils, ous impacts ble use of and for the ps will also tenance of ciated with SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 23 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla # Forest Type 1 Cactus Scru 2 Deciduous 3 Evergreen S 4 Littoral Wo 5 Mangrove W 6 Semi‐everg Forest 7 Thorn Woo and Resource Ma e ub Seasonal Forest Seasonal Forest oodland Woodland green Seasonal odland anagement Zonin Table 3.1 Location Volcanic sou Limestone r Volcanic sou Various area Various coa including of Volcanic sou Limestone r ng Plan for Antigu 1 Forest Types of utheast region mainly uthwest as of exposed sho stal areas of Anti ffshore islands uthwest region mainly ua and Barbuda ( Antigua and the orelines and slop igua and Barbuda (including Redon eir General Locati Canopy C Open fore Closed for Closed for pes a, Closed for Closed for Open fore nda) ion over est; >10 – 40% ca rest; > 40% canop rest; >40% canop rest; > 40% canop rest; > 40% canop est nopy cover py cover py cover py cover py cover SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! St. John's ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Roads Lakes/Ponds Wooded Areas All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association WOODED AREAS DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 3.5 -- ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 2 D 25 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla b) Barbuda Barbuda’ Lindsay i These cla • B C st m b • M C V a p • D st o a • A w w s n and Resource Ma s vegetation ty into 311 plant s assifications inclu Broad‐leaved Eve Canopy Commun toried forest 16‐4 mainly in the Pa between the sand Mixed Evergreen Communities, fou Village, adjacent m nd characterized patches of earth in Dwarf Shrubland tunted trees and or on flat sandy s community occu Aquatic Plant Co white, black, re whose location in horeline of Cod orth and west sh anagement Zonin ypes were classi species belongin de: rgreen Sclerophy nities characteri 49 ft (5‐15 m) in lmetto Point are d dunes. n Drought Resi nd mainly surrou mangroves on th d by stunted veg nterspersed with d Communities d shrubs that gro soils; parasitic vin urs at Palmetto P ommunities; con d, and buttonw nclude the north rington Lagoon, horelines of the G ng Plan for Antigu ified in 2008 b g to 84 families yllous Closed Tre ized by a two height and foun ea in depression istant Deciduou unding Codringto in and saline soil getation and bar h flashes. s, consisting o ow on sand dune nes are abundant oint. sisting largely o wood mangrove h, east, and sout and around th Goat Island Flash. ua and Barbuda ( by s. ee o‐ d ns us n ls re of es t; of es h e (including Redon • Tidally around Codringt shrub‐lik pools. • Grasslan forbs wi the graz the area • Freshwa Codringt algae, aq • Vegetat Nationa 2009 (Fi nda) Flooded Mudf Goat and Rabbit ton Lagoon, this ke mangroves, b nd Communities ith scattered tree zing of feral and as tend to flood a ater Ponds and M ton Village and a quatic ferns, gras ion communities l Park (CLNP) w gure 3.6). flats Communiti t Islands and nor community is m bare ground, an s, comprising gr es and shrubs, pr roaming livesto after heavy rains. Mudflats, occurr are mainly chara sses, and sedges. s for the Codringt were mapped by ies, found rth‐western made up of nd isolated rasses and roduced by ock around; ing around cterized by ton Lagoon Putney in SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D 26 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Figure 3.6 Dia C Source: Draft CL and Resource Ma agram showing odrington Lago LNP Barbuda Man by Allen anagement Zonin Vegetation Com oon National Pa nagement Plan 20 n Putney ng Plan for Antigu mmunities for rk 009 – 2019, map ua and Barbuda ( (including Redon nda) -- -- N Carti,o-, Sea Vegetation Communities ~LagoonNIICnal .-dlto!n-• .....,, --, , , -, dtod\lOUI) , If) -W-(-1 w , I w (-ponds) ganlenlng) I 8§ I - SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago !( Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Road Lagoon Shrubland Woodland Reserve Woodland All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association WOODED AREAS DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 3.7 □ ■ ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 2 D 3 5 28 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.2.1.2 Hydrol Freshw a) Antigua Antigua’s (13) wat because hydrolog Antigua’s crops an contain 9 its surfac shown o 3.2. 5 ESAL, 2008, based o and Resource Ma ogical Units ‐ water Reservoir s drainage areas ersheds, six (6) of their socio ical values. Co s land area; sust d 60% of its live 90% of Antigua’s ce water reservo n Figure 3.8 and on Fernandez, 1990 anagement Zonin ‐ Watersheds, s s were consolida of which are c o‐economic, agr ombined, they c ain 50% of its fo estock productio ground water s oirs. The majo d referenced by ng Plan for Antigu , Aquifers and ated into thirtee considered majo ro‐ecological an onstitute 43% o orests, 90% of it n5. Further, the upply and 90% o r watersheds ar numbers in Tabl ua and Barbuda ( d n or d of ts ey of re e Fig (including Redon gure 3.8 Map sh Sou nda) howing Major W urce of map: ESAL Watersheds (An L, 2008 ntigua) dr; le. "'I ,.. ,~> - ;~-- 4 b ~ ~;, ;\,] r /1 i Watershed Bou11daries SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 2 D 29 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Ref # Wa 1 Pot 2 Bo 3 Ch 4 Par 5 Fitc 6 Bet Fresh Wa Water re domestic developm capacity is increas more ex Ground a and Resource Ma atershed tworks dy Ponds ristian Valley rham ches Creek thesda ater Resources esources of the i c and agricultur ment have pushe of ground and su singly dependen xpensive to prod and surface wate anagement Zonin Table 3.2 (Source: E sland are impor al uses. Popula ed water demand urface water sour t on desalinatio duce, to meet r resources are h ng Plan for Antigu Existing Storage Ar (hect 3,1 4,0 1,7 1,4 1,0 12 Environmental So tant in sustainin tion growth an ds far beyond th rces. The countr n, which is muc its water needs however critical t ua and Barbuda ( e Volumes of Maj rea tares) Existin Agricu 160 30. 000 200 780 9.2 472 33. 040 334 20 540 lutions Antigua L g d e ry h s. o (including Redon jor Watersheds i ng Storage (Acre/ lture Munic 6 4,01 .4 278 2 166 4 ‐‐‐ .5 ‐‐‐ 0 ‐‐‐ Limited (ESAL), 20 the country’s settlement grow and agricultural Ground Water Antigua has fift from a number nda) n Antigua /feet) Gro cipal 10 8 6 ‐ ‐ ‐ 008) future and re wth and pollutio uses. ty (50) active we of well fields: und Water Yield metres/yr) 220,000 340,000 610,000 ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ quires protectio on from occupie ells supplying gro (cubic on against ed facilities ound water SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D 30 | Page December 2011 Sustainable Isla # Are 1 Be 2 Blu 3 Cad 4 Fol 5 Bri Surface W Surface w and mun reservoir small res The com cubic me b) Barbuda Barbuda defined watershe and Resource Ma ea ndals Valley ubber, Christian, des Bay & Clarem llies stol Springs / Col Water water resources nicipal consumpti in Antigua, whic servoirs, along w bined capacity o ters or 1.6 billion is divided into te and not well s eds are delineate anagement Zonin Roses and Orang mont llins are also importa ion. Potworks D ch has another 9 ith 500 ponds an f these facilities n imperial gallons en (10) watershed tudied. The bo ed in the Highlan ng Plan for Antigu Table 3.3 W e Valleys 2 5 a 5 7 a ant for agricultur Dam is the larges to 10 medium t nd earthen dams is about 6 millio s. ds that are poorl oundaries of th nds, the only are ua and Barbuda ( Existing We Wells 13 wells 20 wells 5 wells supplying approx. 30,000 ip 5 wells producing 7 wells supplying and Bethesda re st o s. n ly e ea 3.2.1.3 Antigua coastal (including Redon ells in Antigua g Old Road, Urling pgd g 40,000 igpd g 45,000 igpd to W of the island w determined for runoff is limite flood condition ground water so of the propertie water using the in some cases th by household se 3 Wetlands a and Barbuda h areas. Some are nda) gs, Johnson’s Poin Willikies, New File with any apprec the flat areas o d normally but ns. Sand mining ource for Barbud es in Codrington eir own wells, bu here is the risk th ewage. has numerous w e associated with nt and Crabb Hill ed, St. Phillips, M ciable slopes bu f the island, whe may become sig g has impacted da at Palmetto Po are able to sou ut the water is br hat it may be con wetlands, mostly mangrove fores with ill Reef ut are not ere surface gnificant in the major oint. Many rce ground rackish and ntaminated located in ts and may 06eqo1 f pep1u111 HVAIN3D E 3 D v m c m w u i M s w t t m M m s c w w B B c p 31 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla vary in their imp migratory birds, collection and r mitigating flood wetlands are vuln uses, such that o s the balancing o Most of the we southwest sectio with beaches he these wetlands. the island was marina and ad McKinnon’s Pond modified and it suggests the ne conservation an wetlands identifi wetland conserva Barbuda. Barbuda’s Codrin country and well populations of M and Resource Ma portance and valu (ii) sustaining release of storm impacts and re nerable to impac one of the major of wetland conser etlands in Antigu n of the island. ence the reason Jolly Pond, one dredged and la djoining lands d, the largest exi ts future rema ed for clarificati d /or sustainab ed in an Environ ation project for ngton Lagoon we l known as a hab agnificent Frigate anagement Zonin ue as (i) habitats biological divers m water which creation. Due cts from coastal t land use issues f rvation and deve ua are located o Many have a phy n for coastal tou of the major we nd‐filled to crea for real estat isting system in ins uncertain. S ion of policy fo ble use of the nmental Awarene r Antigua and fo etland system is bitat to one of th e Birds. ng Plan for Antigu s for resident an sity, and (iii) th is important i to their location tourism and othe facing the countr lopment. on the west an ysical relationshi urism impacts o etlands systems i ate Jolly Harbou te development Antigua has bee Such uncertaint r the protection e fifty‐three (53 ess Group’s (EAG r the wetlands o the largest in th he world’s larges ua and Barbuda ( d e n n, er ry d p n n ur t. n ty n, 3) G) of e st 3.2.1.4 Mangro inter‐tid mangro and w commo buttonw serve se habitat oysters protect upland Mangro during lands traditio daub” h The NP by Pete (9) sites ha) com from e dumpin Given t areas protect (including Redon 4 Mangroves oves and mangr dal zones of th oves (Rhizophora hite mangroves only occurring s wood (Conocarp everal very impo for the juvenile , mussels and v t and stabilize c runoff and h ove‐fringed lagoo storms and red and property. onal uses such as huts and can sust DP 2001 mapped er Bacon of thirty s in Barbuda. Th mplex estuarine encroachment by ng of spoil dredge hat existing land for hotel deve ted harbours an nda) rove wetlands a e coastal areas mangle), black m (Languncularia species in the c us erectus L.) is rtant environme es of commercia arious species o coastlines; trap elp to gradual ons serve as hu uce the impact Mangroves a the construction tainably be used f d the results of a y‐six (36) mangro he largest site in site at Hanson's y the Cooks sol ed from St. John’s use policy heavil elopment, deve d lagoons for m re usually assoc in the country. mangroves (Avice racemosa) are country; a fourt less common. ntal functions: th ally important fis of resident migra and store sedim ly extend land urricane shelters of storm surge also provide m n of fish pots and for charcoal. 1991 inventory u ve sites in Antigu Antigua, the 555 s Bay, suffered i lid waste dump s Harbour. ly favours the use lopers continue marina developm ciated with . The red enia nitida) the most th species, Mangroves hey provide sh, shrimp, atory birds; ment from d seaward. s for boats on coastal aterial for d “wattle & undertaken ua and nine 5‐acre (225 in the past and from e of coastal e to seek ment. This SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D p w s m s 32 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla places undue pre will continue if th should therefore mangrove and w sustainable types and Resource Ma essure on mangr hese policies pers e seek the prote wetland systems, s of coastal devel anagement Zonin rove and wetlan sist. Future coast ection of enviro , while allowing opment. ng Plan for Antigu d systems, whic tal land use polic onmentally‐value appropriate an ua and Barbuda ( h cy d d (including Redonnda) SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago #* #* #* #* #* #* #* ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " " " " " " Diamond Reef Nelson's Dockyard Cades Bay Marine Reserve English Harbor Public Park Northeast Marine Management Area Fort Barrington National Park Greencastle National Park Devil's Bridge National Park Long Island Great Bird Islets Corbinson's Point Guiana Bay Islands Wallings Woodlands Boggy Creek to Darkwood Green Island to Indian Point Long Bay Morris Bay Ffryes Bay Darkwood Bay Halfmoon Bay Pigeon Point Jabberwock Beach ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend ! Beaches National Parks Watersheds Lakes/ Ponds Coral Reefs Mangroves Wetlands All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association CRTICAL ENVIRONMENTAL AREAS DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:150,000SCALE: 3.9 Tropical Ecosystems Consulting, 2010 " Existing Protected Areas #* EAG Proposed Protected Areas Existing Protected Areas Bounds Proposed Protected Areas Seagrass • I I I I - ·---- □ I ' \ , , ---· • I I ., I ......, t , • I G< , I ', I ! ! ! ! Palaster Reef Highlands Cliffs and Caves Reserve Goat Island Wildlife Reserve Bull Hole Wetland Reserve Gravenor Bay Reserve Frigate Bird Reserve Palmetto Point Reserve Castle Bay Salt Pond Reserve Bull's Hole Darby's Cave Spanish Point Goat Island Wildlife Refuge ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend ! Protected Areas (Prop.) Rivers CLNP Boundary Inland Water Proposed Protected Areas Algal Comm. (Frigate Bird) Escarpment Cliff Coral Outcrops Mangroves Inland Mangroves Lagoon Existing Protected Areas Wetlands Coastal Shrubland Woodland Reserve All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL AREAS DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:130,000SCALE: 3.10 .-- ·--· □ □ ■ ■ ■ ~ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 3 D 3 C s w a c w C s a c f p a B A n t d i s i m e 35 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.2.1.5 Coral R Coral reefs are shallow water, w water temperatu and highly pro combinations of whips. Stony cor Coral reefs provi species; it provid and from wave e country. In add found on beache particularly scuba are about 9.8 sq. Barbuda. Antigua and Barb natural and hum the country are n decline of the bla n the reefs, creat several hurrican mproper dischar major adverse ef erosion, fertilizer and Resource Ma Reefs deposits of calc with enough ligh ures seldom below oductive reef stony and soft co als are the most de an important des protection o energy, enjoyed b ition, they provi es, and function a diving and snor miles (15.8 km2) buda's reefs are u man forces. Large now dead. A nat ack urchin popul ting algae bloom nes have damag rge of untreated ffect on reef hea rs, plumes from anagement Zonin careous materia ht for photosynt w 70o F (21oC). T ecosystems tha orals, anemones, important for ree habitat for fish of shorelines aga by harbours and a de the sand and as a major sour rkelling. It is est of coral reefs ar under continuous e percentages of tural cause of st ation that feeds s that smother co ged the countr d sewage into th lth. Sediment lo dredging activity ng Plan for Antigu l found in clea thesis, and ocea They are comple at may includ , sea fans and se ef building. and other marin ainst storm surg anchorages in th d coral fragment rce of recreation imated that ther ound Antigua an s stress both from f reefs systems o ress has been th on algae growin orals. Since 1989 ry’s reefs, whil he sea has had ading due to lan y, boat and yach ua and Barbuda ( r, n ex e ea e ge e ts n, re d m of e g 9, e a d ht anchors reefs, w 3.2.1.6 Sea gra swift, w They ar less tha conside rivalling habitat inverte urchins materia provide organis which t erosion Extensi Harbou Lagoon 3.2.2 3.2.2.1 Forests ecosyst (including Redon s, and careless d which takes many 6 Sea Grass ass grows in sha wave action is lo re often found b an 66 ft (20m) erable quantities g mangroves in s for several brate organisms s and turtles. Th al that is a food e essential nurse sms. Sea grasse they grow. This i n by stabilizing ve sea grass be ur and Willoughb . Biodiversity a 1 Significance o , wetlands, man tems are critical nda) divers are other s y years to re‐grow llow water wher ow and the botto between the ree deep. Sea gra s of leaf mater their leaf produ herbivorous sp such as parrot fi hey also produce source for other ry habitat for the es also serve to s a very importa substrate and eds are found i by Bay in Antigua and Wildlife of Ecosystems ngroves, sea gra reservoirs of gen sources of impac w after destructio re the currents a om sediment is f fs and the shore ss communities rial to the wate uction rates. Th pecies of verte sh, surgeon fish, large quantities r animals. In add e propagation of stabilize the se ant role in retard by reducing cur n Nonsuch Bay, a and Barbuda’s ass, coral reefs netic material and cts on coral on. are not too favourable. e in waters contribute er column, ey provide brate and conch, sea s of detrital dition, they f numerous diments in ding coastal rrent flow. , Falmouth Codrington and other d biological SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D d s s u r a s h N A h l 36 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla diversity in Antig sustainable use o survival, but thei understanding o requirements. O are helping to b significant biodiv have been ident National Park (CL A study done by have high priorit ist comprises sec 1. Nels 2. Body 3. Fig T 4. Suga 5. Fore 6. Fitch 7. Rend 8. Ayer 9. Room 10. Shek Chris 11. Sleep and Resource Ma ua and Barbuda. of these resourc r conservation an of species abu Ongoing studies o build reliable info versity value in th tified for Barbud LNP) and in parts the EAG identifie y for conservatio ctions of the area on’s Dockyard Na y Ponds Tree Drive / Walli ar Loaf est of Stone (east hes Creek dezvous and Doig rs Creek and Blac ms and Seatons C kerley Mountai stian Valley and M ping Indian (Sadd anagement Zonin Conservation, p es are critical to nd sustainable us undance, locatio on plants, birds a ormation of the he country. Som da within the Co of Antigua. ed eleven (11) ar on of biodiversity as named here: ational Park ngs and west of Buck gs k Ghaut Coast ns (including Midway Peak) dle Hill and surrou ng Plan for Antigu protection, and/o o their health an se requires bette on and habita and other wildlif various areas o me of these area odrington Lagoo eas considered t y in Antigua. Th kleys Road) Mount Obama unding areas) ua and Barbuda ( or d er at fe of as n o e a, 3.2.2.2 Existing followin a) b) c) 6 Fauborg 7 Ibid. 8 http://ww barbuda 9 Fauborg (including Redon 2 Wildlife g information in ng number of spe Mammals: Seve fourteen (14) to populations of g Reptiles: Seve Antigua, twelve One (1) native while the larg believed to be e Birds: Birds com Antigua and Bar bird respectively one (1) of th Magnificent Frig Indies. Redond birds, most not Frigatebird Fre g and Arendt, 1985 ww.birdlife.org/data a.pdf g and Arendt, 1985 nda) dicate that Anti ecies: enteen (17) spe o Barbuda6 while goats. nteen (17) repti (12) for Barbuda lizard the (Leioc e native lizard extinct; mprise a signific rbuda, which sup y9. Barbuda's Cod he most impor gatebirds (Fregat da is home to po ably breeding se egata magnifice azone/userfiles/file/IB igua and Barbud cies native to A e Redonda is hom les have been r a7 and six (6) for cephalus cuneus) (Iguana delicat cant part of the pport 106 and 74 drington Lagoon rtant nesting c ta magnificent) i opulations of co eabirds such as M ens, Masked B BAs/CaribCntryPDFs/ da has the ntigua and me to feral ecorded in r Redonda8. ) is extinct, tissima), is wildlife in 4 species of is home to olonies of n the West ongregatory Magnificent ooby Sula /antigua and SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D 3 A h n 1 h 37 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla dactylatr leucogast stolidus. 3.2.2.3 Endang A number of wild habitat protectio namely: a. M in c g im a t s in T t N S W D 10 http://www.birdlife.o barbuda.pdf and Resource Ma ra, Red‐footed Bo ter as well as Burrowing Owl A gered Species dlife species are e on and mainte Marine turtles: Fo n Antigua and B caretta) is consid green (Chelonia mbricata) and le are endangered, he waters of Re ites can be found ncluding Jabberw Turtle Bay and D urtle nesting sit North Sound Isla Sandy Island, Lon Welcher Bay in Darkwood Beach org/datazone/userfil anagement Zonin ooby S. sula and over 140 Brow Athene cuniculari endangered and nance to ensur our (4) species ar Barbuda, the log dered to be vuln mydas), hawksb atherback (Derm the latter being edonda. Importa d on several of A wock, Pearns, Devil’s Bridge Be tes can be foun nds of Green Isl ng Bay and Dark Barbuda. The has been regula es/file/IBAs/CaribCn ng Plan for Antigu d Brown Booby S wn Noddy Anou a10. require adequat re their surviva re known to occu ggerhead (Carett nerable while th bill (Eretmochely mochelys coriacea g sighted aroun ant turtle nestin Antigua's beaches Rendezvous Bay ach. In addition nd in Antigua a land, Goat Island kwood Beach an e nesting site a arly monitored b ntryPDFs/antigua and ua and Barbuda ( S. us te l, ur ta e ys a) d g s, y, n, at d, d at by d (including Redon the Ant The fee meadow Activitie replenis nesting beaches hatchlin disorien activity. b. Birds: depend foraging White‐c c. Endemi or near the An antigua Rabbit, species atrata, A nda) tigua Sea Turtle ding grounds of t ws and the n es such as shment of beach sites), and ligh s threaten the se ngs, are attracte nted in their jour . The West Indi s on wetlands in g and nesting is crowned Pigeon. c species: Speci extinction; includ ntigua ground s ae) which can Green and York are endemic to Anolis nubilus, an conservation P turtles include th neighbouring co sand mining hes (both of wh ts from tourist ea turtles. Turtles ed to light and ney to the sea af ian Whistling‐Du n Antigua and B threatened; so ies suspected to de Iguana delicat snake (Alsophis be found on G k Islands. Three o Redonda, name nd Sphaerodactyl rogramme. he sea grass oral reefs. and the ich disturb resorts on s, including d are thus fter nesting uck, which Barbuda for too is the be extinct tissima and antillensis Great Bird, (3) reptile ely Ameiva lus. SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D 3 3 E o m s 38 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.2.3 Protect 3.2.3.1 Existin Existing protecte of managemen maintenance of sustainable devel 1. Nelson's establish 15.94 sq. mass) of by the N zoned int the only enforced recreatio residentia residentia heritage, 2. The Nor comprise and mar establish 2006. and Resource Ma ed Areas g d areas have bee t objectives, scenic and hist lopment. Major Dockyard Nat ed by the Natio miles or 41.28 k the south‐easter ational Parks Au to fourteen (14) current zoning r by law. The on, wilderness c al, rural resi al (intermediate commercial, and rth East Marine es approximately rine area, inclu ed as a Marine anagement Zonin en established to including resou toric landscapes, protected areas i ional Park (ND nal Parks Act of km2 (about 14.7% rn part of Antigu thority (NPA). T categories, repr regime in the co ese zones inclu onservation, agr idential, touris agriculture), yac d institutional. e Management y 30 sq. miles (7 uding offshore Reserve under t ng Plan for Antigu o achieve a rang urce protection , recreation, an include: DNP) which wa f 1984; comprise % of Antigua’s lan a and is manage The Park has bee resenting perhap untry that can b de conservation riculture, habitat sm, community cht working area Area (NEMMA 8 km2) of coasta islands and wa the Fisheries Act ua and Barbuda ( ge n, d as es d d n ps e n, t, y, a, A) al as t, 3. 4. 5. 6. 11 Conven (including Redon Cades Bay Mar designated Mar Act of 1983 and Codrington Lago 2005 under th amended by th area of 25.8 sq. the list of Wetla RAMSAR Conve Diamond Reef Marine Park in Marine Areas, P 1972). Diamon ha) and Palaster These Parks hav Three other sm National Parks 1984. These a acres), Green C Fort Barrington Moon Bay Nati the same time b were not determ ntion on Wetlands of nda) rine Reserve (7 rch 1999 in acco the Fisheries Reg oon National Par he National Park he Barbuda Land . miles (66.8 km2 ands of Internati ntion11 in 2006. Marine Park in Barbuda were b Preservation and nd Reef is approx r Reef is approxim ve never been ma maller protected in 2008 under are the Devils Castle Hill Nation National Park (8 onal Park, was s but is yet to be e mined. f International Impor sq. miles or 18 ordance with th gulations of 1990 rk (CLNP) was est ks Act, 1984, (w ds Act, 2007); w 2). The CLNP wa ional Importance Antigua and Pa both established Enhancement Ac ximately 4,942 a mately 1,236 acre anaged. areas were esta the National Pa Bridge National nal Park (87 acre 5 acres). A fourth surveyed to be d established for re rtance 8 km2) was e Fisheries 0. tablished in which was with a total as added to e under the laster Reef under the ct (No. 5 of cres (2,000 es (500 ha). ablished as arks Act of Park (244 es) and the h area, Half declared at easons that SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 3 D 3 A 39 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla There ar beaches undevelo enjoymen Reserves not wide • Two a Public acres part o ha) in • The B Act 19 • Eight Barbu namel James Bay. of the survey 3.2.3.2 Propos Areas proposed f and Resource Ma re also areas e that have oped” to allow nt. These, like , are not effectiv ly recognized as p areas that were p c Parks Ordinance (279 ha) in the of the NDNP, and the Long Bay / In otanical Gardens 985. (8) beaches, d da Cabinet in ly: Pigeon Point s, Darkwood, Ja With the excepti ese public beach yed, or gazetted. sed for protection inc anagement Zonin established as p been designate unencumbered the National P vely managed an protected. They proclaimed Public e (No. 4 of 1965 English Harbour d the second, a 1 ndian Creek area. s, created by the designated by t 1988 to “remai t, Ffryes Bay, Ha bberwock, Long ion of Fort Jame hes have never b clude: ng Plan for Antigu public parks an ed to “remai public use an Parks and Marin nd in some case include: c Parks under th 5); one (1) of 69 / Falmouth, now 117 acres park (4 . e Botanic Garden the Antigua an in undeveloped” alfmoon Bay, For Bay and Morri es, the boundarie been established ua and Barbuda ( d n d e es e 0 w 47 ns d ”, rt is es d, The MO require Dockya volcanic protect under coordin Of the the ND Doigs, S (including Redon a. Mount Obam 2,500 acres ( b. Wallings For or 680 ha. c. East Coast extension to (CLNP). d. Half Moon adjacent to a the beaches undeveloped e. The eleven ( based mainly ONP is contiguou es adjustment. T rd National Park c area of Antigu ted area status t separate manag nated. areas proposed NP (namely, Shir Sugar Loaf) and s nda) ma National Pa 1011.72ha). est Conservation of Barbuda, a o the Codringto Bay National P a section of the H s designated by d” in the public’s (11) areas identi y on bio‐quality v us with the WFC The WFCA is con k (NDNP); so tha ua would be affo hrough three (3) gement regimes by EAG, three (3 rley Heights / Mi should be conside rk (MONP), app n Area (WFCA), 1 n area suggest on Lagoon Nat Park, comprised Half Moon Bay Be y government t interest fied by EAG for value. CA, with some ov ntiguous with th t the south and orded comprehe ) contiguous site that must be 3) areas are alrea ddle Ground, Re ered for strict zo proximately 1,680 acres ted as an tional Park d of lands ach; one of to “remain protection verlap that he Nelson’s southwest ensive legal es operated effectively ady part of ndezvous / ning within SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D t p t W a s l a c d S R e r i i t 3 3 E o h a 40 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla the existing Nati protected area. the Fig Tree Driv WFCA protected achieve manage separate protect arge protected a achieved if the comprehensive in data gathering, w SIRMZP. Redonda, uninh environmental re reptilian species dentified by the ndicated that re to protect this en 3.3 Land use 3.3.1 Environ Environmental ri occurrences such human practices and flooding. R and Resource Ma ional Park, rathe Two (2) other ar ve / Wallings fall areas and would ment objectives ed areas. In fac areas (existing o ese areas are nitiative, which s which was not p abited and un esource, it is hom , some of whic e EAG as warran ecommendations nvironmental area e Suitability a nmental Risk a sks and vulnera h as hurricanes, e which can lead Risks and vulne anagement Zonin er than be estab eas, the Shekerle l within the prop d similarly requir s rather than b t, management o r proposed) cann not zoned. should be suppor possible in the pr protected is a me to numerous ch are endemic ting further stud for conservation a. and Capacity nd Vulnerabili bility are associa arthquakes, and to fires, land an rabilities are br ng Plan for Antigu blished as a new ey Mountains an posed MONP an re strict zoning t be established a objectives for th not be effectivel This requires rted by additiona reparation of thi very importan nesting birds an and have bee dy. The EAG ha n would be mad ity ated with natura sea level rise; an nd beach erosion iefly reviewed i ua and Barbuda ( w d d o as e ly a al is nt d n as e al d n, n relation for reco 3.3.1.1 A natu sector i the suit central general tree cro used fo slopes vulnera 3.3.1.2 Wetlan coastal moistur as wetl waters, present Numero adjacen wetland The co owners (including Redon n to developmen ommended solut 1 Slopes and E ural resources a identified slope a tability of lands region of the lly better suited ops. The risk of s or grazing by goa >20 % possess able when vegeta 2 Flooding ds of Antigua an landscape exist re in wetland soil and systems gen , they should not t state or eve ous other non‐we nt to watercourse ds, periodically fl ost for building s but also to gov nda) t suitability and ions. rosion ssessment comp and the risk of e for agriculture. Antigua and tho to be retained soil erosion inten ats, road constru a high risk to e ation cover is lost nd Barbuda are g ting close to se ls make them un erally function to t be targeted for en when modif etland areas in A es or surface wat ooded. in flood‐prone vernment, which capacity issues a pleted for the a rosion as limiting As a result, the ose to the sout in forest cover o nsifies where suc uction and build rosion and are t. generally depress ea level. Excess suitable for agric o retain and disch r building structu fied through la Antigua and Barbu ter discharge poi areas is high to is quite often, e as the basis agricultural g factors to hills of the thwest are or used for h lands are ing. Steep particularly sions in the s water or culture, and harge flood res in their and filling. uda located nts are like o property expected to SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D u d r a a i s l g 3 T l e l s P a t B a S a v f 1 41 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla undertake reme drainage. Disinc reflected in pr applications for r are sometimes ap mpacts. Anoth standards to red ocated down‐sl ground. 3.3.1.3 Storm The frequency a evels continue events in recent and loss particul such as Runawa Problems caused are constructed i to build sea defen Building setback are being used a Setback limits ar and are prescrib vegetation, rangi ft from cliff edge 12 Coastal Developme and Resource Ma edial actions fo centives for build roperty insuran residential and o pproved without her but related duce storm wat ope from those Surge and Sea L nd severity of s to rise. Coasta years are manife arly along the w ay, Dickenson, D by natural event n active beach zo nce structures lik limits, proposed as standards for re intended to h bed for beaches ng from (11‐114 e), low rocky sho ent Setback Guidelin anagement Zonin or roadwork an ding in flood pro nce premiums other developme conditions impo issue is the a ter runoff impac e properties lo Level Rise storm surges wil al impacts from ested in severe b est coast and we Darkwood and C ts are intensified ones or where ill ke groins and seaw d by Dr. Gillian C coastal developm help reduce risk s (from the zon m or 36‐374 ft), ores (30 m or 10 es in Antigua and Ba ng Plan for Antigu nd storm wate one areas are no and subdivisio ents in such area sed to resist floo absence of stric cts on propertie cated on highe ll increase as se m severe weathe beach erosion an est coast beaches rab Hill beaches where propertie advised attempt walls fail. Cambers in 19981 ment by the DCA and vulnerabilit ne of permanen cliffs (15 m or 5 00 ft from line o rbuda ua and Barbuda ( er ot n as d ct es er ea er d s, s. es ts 12 A. ty nt 0 of natural with th applyin standar standar (including Redon vegetation) and he use of releva g minimum floo rds for different rds should be bas nda) d mangroves/ w ant data). Risks r level heights c parts of the sho sed on adequate wetlands (to be d s can also be r consistently as ar reline in the cou storm surge anal determined reduced by rea specific ntry. Such lysis. SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Lakes/Ponds Flood Risk (Hazard Rank) Moderate High Very high Risk of Erosion High Very High Slope (%) 0.00 - 10.00 10.00 - 20.00 20.02 - 30.00 30.02 - 40.00 40.03 - 50.00 50.00 - 60.00 60.15 - 70.00 70.08 - 80.00 90.00 - 100.00 All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ENVIRONMENTAL RISK & AREAS DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 3.11 St. John's .............. ( V, ;. -a.~r , \ . ~ i ,.,,,, -D BI ----------- SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 4 D 3 3 A b f m a c A r m a d h l c b t e o f M h 1 43 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 3.3.2 Environ 3.3.2.1 Beache Antigua and Barb beaches which w for beach and moderate review attractions, such competitive touri Also critical to ref rate of erosion a mining, inadequa actual or perceive diminished visua have 365 beache ists only 156 be comprised of sa beaches experien taking place at extensively. The over 328 ft (100 m ft (60 m) or less in Monitoring data high erosion rate 13 NPDP, 2001 and Resource Ma nmental Resou es buda are known were used to fram seaside tourism w of this policy, on as cultural and ism product. flections on the b and shoreline lan acy of public ac ed wastewater co l or aesthetic va es but an invento eaches. Of these nd and rock and nced erosion and 26 beaches, 1 survey showed t m) in length, whi n length13. from 20 beache es on the northw anagement Zonin urces for the quantity me and sustain th m. Several fact ne being the real yacht racing eve beach developme nd loss, degrada ccess and use a ontamination of alue in others. A ory conducted in e, 114 are sandy d 14 are rocky. d sand mining wa 12 of which we that there are 14 ile over 70% of th es indicated a g west coast from ng Plan for Antigu and quality of it he country’s polic ors have cause lization that othe ents, are vital to ent strategy is th ation due to san at some beaches bathing areas an Antigua claims t n November 199 y beaches, 28 ar At the time, 2 as observed to b ere being mine 4 beaches that ar he beaches are 1 eneral pattern o Dickenson Bay t ua and Barbuda ( ts cy d er a e d s, d o 4 re 4 e d re 8 of o Fort Ja Jabberw rate wa 12.1 ft/ Thus fo althoug the on require value a sustain 3.3.2.2 • Wh sec lan Lim exc infe com Soi III w 5,7 clas 14 Ibid. (including Redon ames and on t wock. During th as ‐10.8 ft/year ( /year (‐3.7 m/yea or environmenta gh it remains att ly viable option es some adjustm as an ecological, ed. 2 Agricultural L Antigua hen the natural ctor was done in 1 ds on Antigua) w miting factors co cessive moisture ertility, salinity mpaction). ls were classified where no more th 34 acres or 2,32 ss IV lands with nda) the east coast he period 1992 ‐ (‐3.3 m/year) on ar) on the east co l, social and eco tractive to hotel n for placing ac ent to how it is real estate and Lands resources asses 1992, 27,497 acre were classified as onsidered in th e, and soil c or mechanic d II if only one (1 han two (2) limiti 20.47ha (8.7% of three (3) limiting from Half Moo ‐ 1993 the avera the northwest c ast14. onomic reasons, development, is ccommodation a s developed and recreational asse ssment for the a es or 11,127.66h s Class II and Cla hese lands wer ondition (shallo cal impediment ) limited factor a ng factors existe the area) was c g factors allowed on Bay to age erosion coast and ‐ the beach s no longer and in fact used if its ert is to be agricultural a (41.9% of ss III lands. re climate, ow depth, due to applied and d. Another classified as d. Class IV SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D 44 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla lands can b management marginal or water being allows for Cl Antigua. A fairly large agriculture to and recreati drained lands ease and cos are unsuited tanks and dr because of v elevated are cover for env In order to agricultural p food security minimum acr for agricultur reasons, and feeder road contiguous earmarked fo and Resource Ma be cultivated us t practices. Class unsuitable to cu major limiting f ass I and Class V amount of Class o competing use onal facilities. s are quite often st of construction for wastewater rain‐fields. While views and natu as are better re vironmental reaso meet existing produce, exports y and reduction o reage of Class II, ral use under a in order to pro s and other a portions of cr or this purpose. anagement Zonin sing intensive c ses V, VI and VII ultivation with e factors. The clas VIII soils but thes s II and III lands h es, such as housi Like agriculture preferred buildin n and because po r disposal using e slopes are attr ral ventilation, etained in fores ons. and future de s and requirem of the food impo III and IV lands sh zoning mechanis ovide adequate s appropriate infr rown owned la ng Plan for Antigu conservation an were considere erosion or exces ssification system se do not exist i have been lost b ing, light industr , flat adequatel ng sites due to th oorly drained soil traditional septi ractive to housin steep and highl ted or vegetate emands for loca ents for nationa ort bill, an agree hould be set asid sm. For practica supplies of wate rastructure, larg ands should b ua and Barbuda ( d d ss m n by ry ly e ls ic g ly d al al d e al r, ge e • No ass or res clas wit and ear req 3.3.2.3 Historic St. Joh Settlem exist, ex entry in Bay, En Barbud propose Mamor followin Associa 15 http:// (including Redon Barbuda Class II lands w essment. Class II 2,687.12ha (18% pectively of the ssified as Class V h other land use d common owne rmark and zone quirements. 3 Harbours and cally, Willoughby n's Harbour hav ments evolved aro xcept at Willough nto Antigua, nam glish Harbour an a has recently ed development ra Bay and Cra ng recommendat ation (ABMA) th /www.port.gov.ag/Po nda) were identified fo II and IV lands ide %) and 12,048 ac e land area. T and VI. As in An s but the small p ership of land p selected areas o d Anchorages Bay, English Har ve all served as ound each of the hby Bay. There w mely, St. John's d Lignumvitae Ba been added as t of a facility at bbs needs to b tions by the An he government h ortExpansion5.pdf or Barbuda in th entified totalled 6 cres or 4,875.66 The remaining l ntigua, agriculture population size of provides an oppo of land to help rbour, Parham H significant ship ese harbours and were five (5) offic Harbour, Crabb ay (Jolly Harbour) a port of entry t River15 and the be confirmed. tigua and Barbu has agreed that he resource 6,640 acres ha (32.8%) ands were e competes f the island ortunity to meet food arbour and ping ports. d these still cial ports of s, Mamora ). y with the e status of Recently, uda Marine t Falmouth SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D s y p I e a A r o a a t 3 45 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla should become a yachtsmen waiti process. n addition to en entry, attention and convenience Antigua for ma recognized as a opportunities wit adequate navigat anchorages that the country. 3.3.2.4 Histori a. Built Her Antigua has military insta rundown and historic build demolished, facilitate co buildings hav given to pres Antigua’s h development and Resource Ma another Port of ng clearance in nsuring there are should be given e of using the rine recreationa globally signific thin the country tional markers at could be used m c and Archaeol itage Conservati an abundance allations which h d underdevelope dings, especially or are under nstruction of n ve been refurbish erving their herit eritage resourc t of heritage‐base anagement Zonin Entry to reduce English Harbour e an adequate nu to improving th e numerous an al purposes. W cant centre for y y are restricted d t the approaches more for yacht ch ogical Resource on of historic bui ave mostly rema d. In recent yea y in St. John’s threat of being new structures. hed / repaired w tage value. ces present o ed tourism. The ng Plan for Antigu the long lines o r. This is now i umber of ports o he ease of acces chorages aroun While Antigua i yachting, cruisin due to the lack o s and entrances o arter vacations i es ildings, sites an ained abandoned rs, many of thes City, have bee g demolished t Other histori ith little attentio opportunities fo resources includ ua and Barbuda ( of n of ss d is g of of n d d, e n o ic n or e hist hist bui Eng (43 18th in v For sign The her pre Rive (including Redon toric buildings, a toric forts and m lt when the coun glish naval force i ) forts were con h centuries. Whil various states of rt and the Lo nificantly restore ere are fewer h ritage sites are eserved / conser er Fort with its im nda) bout 114 sugar military installati ntry served as reg in the Caribbean. nstructed in Anti le many of these ruin, only the Ne ookout at Shirl d and / or preser heritage sites in e considered im rved. The most mposing Martello mill towers, and ions, some of w gional headquart . Approximately igua between th fortifications sur elson’s Dockyard, ey’s Heights h rved. Barbuda. Howe mportant enoug important of th o Tower. numerous which were ters for the forty‐three he 17th and rvive today, , Dow’s Hill have been ever, some gh to be hese is the SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D 46 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla b. Archaeol The Historica the Museu comprehensi sites around Parks Author sites. Figure archaeologica and Resource Ma ogical Sites al and Archaeolog m of Antigua ve inventory of the country. The rity is in the proc e 3.12 highlig al sites in Barbud anagement Zonin gical Society, in c a and Barbud f historical and e Heritage Divisio cess updating an ghts several cu da. ng Plan for Antigu collaboration wit da maintains cultural heritag on of the Nationa nd mapping thes ultural heritage ua and Barbuda ( h a ge al e e/ (including Redon nda) SGENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ")") ") ## ## ## ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ## ## !( Gut River Welches Seaview Sufferers Indian Cave Castle Hill Sucking Hole Picrust Road Spanish Well Overview Cave Gravenors Bay Strombus Line Indian Town Trail Two Foot Sink Hole Ravine Rock Shelter Picrust Castle Cave Castle Ruins Taylor House Gunshop Cliff Martello Tower Highland House Historic Structure Historic Structure Historic Structure Historic Structure Historic Structure Historic Structure Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend ## Historic Sites ") Pre-Colonial Sites Primary Roads Secondary Roads Inland Water Lagoon Wetland Forest All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 3.12 □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 4 D C S R W B Q F F H I B M F D F C H D 48 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla SITE Court House St. John’s Cathed Roman Catholic C Warner Graves Blockhouse Office Quarters Fort George, Mon Fort Charles, Blak Horseshoe Batter ndian Creek Bat’s Cave Middle Ground Fort Cuyler Dow’s Hill Fort Fort Berkeley Canteen Annex Highland House Devil’s Bridge and Resource Ma Anti ral Anti Church Anti Anti ers’ Anti nk’s Hill Anti ke Island Anti ry Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti Anti anagement Zonin Table: 3.4 Show LOCATION gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua ng Plan for Antigu wing the Historica Civic Ecclesia Ecclesia Plantati Military Military Military Military Ceramic Natural Military Military Military Military Military Residen Natural ua and Barbuda ( al and Cultural Sit TYPE stical stical on Building y Building y Defence y Defence y Defence c Amerindian Area y Building y Defence y Defence y Defence y Building nce Area (including Redon tes in Antigua an OW Governmen Anglican Ch Catholic Ch NPA Governmen Governmen Private Private Various Priv Governmen NPA NPA Governmen Governmen Governmen Governmen Governmen nda) nd Barbuda WNER nt hurch urch nt nt vate nt nt nt nt nt nt PERIO 1747 – 1974 1845 1909 1650 – 1730 1790 – 1854 1689 – 1923 1672 – 1780 1700 – 1830 35 – 1100 1800 – 1900 1790 – 1850 1790 – 1850 1790 – 1843 1700 – 1820 1795 – 1850 1730 – 1800 OD ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 4 D F J B N B L S N M S M G V C M G C U W 49 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla SITE Fort James Jolly Beach Bridgetown Ghos Nonsuch Amerind Betty’s Hope Long Island, High South Pier Ameri Nelson’s Dockyar Martello Tower, R Spanish Point Tow Muddy Bay Green Island, Rick Valley Cobb’s Cross Egre Montpelier Sugar Gunthorpe’s Suga Copper and Lumb Union Mill Will Blizard’s Mill and Resource Ma Anti Anti st Town Anti dian Anti Anti Point Anti ndian Anti rd Anti River Fort Barb wer Barb Anti kett’s Anti et Colony Anti r Factory Anti ar Factory Anti ber Store Anti Anti Anti anagement Zonin LOCATION gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua buda buda gua gua gua gua gua gua gua gua ng Plan for Antigu Military Aceram Civic Ceramic Plantati Aceram Aceram Naval B Military Military Ceramic Ceramic Natural Industri Industri Ceramic Plantati Plantati ua and Barbuda ( TYPE y Defence ic Amerindian c Amerindian on Building/Mill ic Amerindian ic Amerindian uilding y Defence y Defence c Amerindian c Amerindian Area al al c Amerindian on Building/Mill on Building/Mill (including Redon OW Governmen Private Various Priv Emerald Co Governmen Jumby Bay Governmen Governmen Governmen Governmen Mill Reef Ant. Distille Governmen NPA nda) WNER nt vate ove nt Resort nt nt nt nt ery Ltd. nt PERIO 1680 – 1880 2000 BC 1675 – 1850 500 ‐ 1000 1660 – 1945 5000 BC 1000 BC 1825 – 1889 18th Century 18th Century 9 – 1000 AD 1890 – 1953 1905 – 1976 600 1800 1738 OD ;:I GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D I R G A 50 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla SITE ndian Cave Redonda Mining Greencastle Hill Amerindian and Resource Ma Barb Camp Anti anagement Zonin LOCATION buda gua ng Plan for Antigu Petrogly Industri Ceramic ua and Barbuda ( TYPE yph al c Amerindian (including Redon OW Governmen nda) WNER nt PERIO 500 1910 400 OD ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D 51 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla CHAPTE and Resource Ma ER 4 anagement Zoninng Plan for Antigu BUILT D ua and Barbuda ( DEVELOP (including Redon PMENT nda) 5 D 4 W e M C i a A a 4 4 A v 52 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.0 BUILT While the prev essentially presen Management Zo Consideration is ssues relating to and employment As noted earlier, are available in th 4.1 Settleme 4.2 Historic Antigua and Barb various historic e The Ame During th were est Harbour, Blackman agricultu in the re 1200 AD. essential and Resource Ma T ENVIRON vious section o nted the “supply” oning Plan, this given to current o settlements; p t; social infrastru the discussion is he State of the Co ent Pattern Settlement P buda’s settlemen vents. These inc erindian Period he Amerindian p tablished at nu Indian Creek, M n’s Point, where re were promisin egion, Carib India . While relatively that developme anagement Zonin NMENT on the Biophys ” for a Sustainab section present t trends, projecti population and h ucture; and physi s in summary form ountry Report. Pattern nt pattern has be lude: period, Arawak I umerous location ill Reef, Coconut e the prospects ng. As is the case ans displaced th y few sites remai ent projects take ng Plan for Antigu sical Environmen ble Island Resourc ts the “demand ons, and plannin housing; econom ical infrastructur m. Further detai een influenced b ndian settlemen ns including Jol Hall, Mamora an s for fishing an e for many island he Arawak aroun n in evidence, it e this history int ua and Barbuda ( nt ce ”. ng my e. ils by ts ly nd nd ds nd is to (including Redon account with artefacts. The Colonial Pe The Colonial Columbus sight la Antigua. A settlement in control in 1625 is understood Falmouth in 1 northeast prov proximity to the to the econo established in 1 became the d capital. While P recent years, proximity to t Northeast Mari significant poss In Barbuda, th the British Crow became a dep settlement in B named Codring nda) a view to cons eriod period began i ted Antigua and g Although the Sp 1520, it was o 5 that colonizatio that the first 1632. Nonethe ved to be mor e sugar plantatio omy. Consequen 1663 on a site wit dominant sea tr Parham has expe its historic sig the outstanding ine Management ibilities for redev e Codrington fa wn until 1870; te pendency of An Barbuda was est gton. The presen erving importan n 1493 when gave it the name panish attempte nly when the E n commenced in town was est eless, port facili re attractive du ons that soon bec ntly, Parham, th a natural harb rading centre a erienced significan nificance couple g marine resour t Area (NEMMA) velopment. mily leased the en (10) years afte ntigua. The firs tablished in 166 nt communal land nt sites and Christopher Santa Maria ed an early English took n earnest. It tablished at ities in the ue to their came central which was bour, quickly nd national nt decline in ed with its rces in the ) coast offer island from er the island st and only 7 and aptly d ownership S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D 53 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla system, w for deve based lea Emancipa Following inhabit a Relatively as Freeto Fields du available for the commun Over tim position i growth p capital in importan settleme service fu Post Colo When t substanti residentia increased and Resource Ma which presents m lopment, is a le asehold arrangem ation g emancipation, and cultivate lan y compact settle own, Freemans V ue in part, to the . Many of these development ities. me, another early in the northeast, potential than P n 1842, St. John nce and is now nt and centre f unctions. onial he government ial relatively fla al expansion. d interest in up anagement Zonin many opportuniti egacy of the his ment freed men and ds surrounding ements emerged Village, Jennings, e limited amount early settlemen of a network y trading settlem St. John’s, prove Parham. Designa n’s overtook Pa indisputably th for governmenta purchased th at land was ma At the same scale residential ng Plan for Antigu ies and challenge storic community women began t old sugar estate in locations suc Bendals and Ne t of land that wa nts offer a nucleu k of sustainab ment and defenc ed to have greate ated the nation rham in size an he nation’s majo al, commerce an e sugar estate ade available fo time, there wa development o ua and Barbuda ( es y‐ to es. ch w as us le ce er al nd or nd es, or as on 4.3 C 4.3.1 The cu clearly This ar in the country designa settlem corrido (including Redon hillsides with a was to become Barbuda, which Antigua, has on Current Settle Antigua Settl rrent settlement illustrates the d ea, which has on 2001 census to y’s population. ated as St. Jo ment outside of t or, which links St. Interi nda) view of the sea e a major intere h has a much sm nly one settlemen ement Patter lement Patter pattern in Antigu dominance of th nly 1.6% of Antig be home to 24 An additional 20 hn’s Rural. Th he St. John’s area John’s with Falm ior Lot Subdivision and the beginni est in tourism de maller population nt at Codrington. rn n ua is illustrated in he settlement in ua’s landmass, w 4,451 people or 0,895 people live he main conce a is along the All mouth. n in the Point ngs of what evelopment. n base than n Figure 4.1, n St. John’s. was reported 32% of the in the area entration of Saints Road S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D 54 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The down to the da tourists. offer an most of t septic ta collective problems Point, w formally stretchin and Resource Ma ntown area of St aily activities of r However, it is a attractive pede the dwelling units nks, a practice t ely expensive a s are further exa where small lots or informally, an g back from the p Street anagement Zonin t. John’s is vibran esidents, employ also very conges strian environm s and businesses that is questiona nd difficult to acerbated in loca have been fur nd now have row public roadway. tscape in the Poi ng Plan for Antigu nt and exciting du yees, students an sted and does no ent. In additio in the City rely o ble for small lot regulate. Thes ations, such as th rther sub‐divided s of dwelling uni nt ua and Barbuda ( ue nd ot n, on ts, se he d; ts (including Redon nda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Roads Primary Roads Secondary Roads Buildings All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association BUILT FORM DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.1 SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' ■ 5 D A J S w p a s u t a D l f 56 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla A Plan prepared b John’s City propo 1. To co withi 2. Facili empl 3. Redu 4. Estab lead t 5. Rede 6. Main 7. Prese 8. Enha 9. Provi and p Specific land use within that plan parks and plazas and the develop space within the urban developme tourists to filter area. Responsib Development C egislation in 198 formally adopted and Resource Ma by the Developm osed: onsolidate comm n a clearly define tate opportunit oyment uce congestion. blish a transition to distinctive futu evelop the waterf ntain distinctive n erve cultural herit nce social and ph ide for safe and pedestrian traffic proposals and de that include the s, careful attentio pment of the wa hustle and bust ent and design sc through from th bility for implem Corporation, wh 86. Although the d, its provisions ar anagement Zonin ment Control Auth ercial and admin ed CBD. ties for econom zone around th ure expansion are front. neighbourhoods. tage. hysical infrastruct d efficient movem c. evelopment proje e creation of a on to the pedest aterfront as an le of downtown. chemes are inten he port througho entation rests w hich was esta e St. John’s City re considered in t ng Plan for Antigu hority (DCA) for S nistrative function mic activity an e CBD that wou eas. ture. ment of vehicula ects are presente network of publ trian environmen interactive publ These and othe nded to encourag out the downtow with the St. John ablished throug Plan has not bee the SIRMZP. ua and Barbuda ( St. ns nd ld ar ed lic nt lic er ge wn n’s gh en (including Redonnda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Roads Land Use Agriculture - citronella grass Agriculture - crops Agriculture - improved grazing Agriculture - rough grazing Barren Commercial Forest Historic Industrial Industrial - Quarry Institutional Institutional - Military National Park Recreational Settlement - Rural Settlement - Tourism/Resident* Settlement - Urban Tourism Transportation - Pt of Entry Transportation - airport Water bodies Wetland All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association LAND USE DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.2 St. John's All Saints English Harbour ---------• • -• • -• --• • SGENIVAR Trw,clad & folnt!}<-' 5 D F A t a s o n e f b e a c i T o n s l t a J H a h a 58 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Figure 4.2 depic Antigua that are tourism activity i and Runaway Ba substantial settle of villas, cottage noted in the prev environmental a fronts that are su building locatio environmental da area that incor careful attention mprove access to Tourist resorts m of these are loca negatively affect surges that will li evel rise as expe the location of t activities that the Jolly Harbour/Jol Harbour on the activity areas. Th high‐density tou along with a m and Resource Ma ts the major lan e described here is located northe ays. While hot ements have dev s and medium t vious section, the reas, such as M ubject to erosion ns and efflue amage. A local d porates environ n to the road n o commercial and ay be found alon ated virtually on t the beach ecol ikely become stil ected due to glob these facilities a ey generate on fra ly Beach on the south coast ha he former include rist/non‐resident marina, golf cou anagement Zonin nd uses through eafter. The mos east of St. John’s tels predominate eloped inland wh o upscale reside e presence of a nu McKinnon’s Pond n, coupled with w nt has resulte evelopment plan nmental rehabili network and lan d community fac ng most of the co a beach with th logy and are vu l more problema bal warming. Gr and the relations agile beach ecolo west coast and ve emerged as es an all‐inclusive t‐oriented apart rse, and shopp ng Plan for Antigu hout the island o st intense area o s along Dickenso e the beachfron hich include a m ential housing. A umber of sensitiv d and the beach weak control ove ed in significan n is needed for th itation and give nd use pattern t ilities. oastal areas. Som he result that the lnerable to stor atic should the se reater attention t ship between th ogies is needed. Falmouth/Englis intensive touris e resort, as well a ments and villa ing centre. Th ua and Barbuda ( of of on nt, ix As ve h‐ er nt his es to me ey m ea to he sh m as, as, his develo Howev essenti regular class o develo social plans t commu approv The Fa the Ne the mo Tourism very si signific develo up stee betwee residen historic of the accom proced Some o case o (including Redon pment model h ver, Jolly Harbou ially an “island w r residential area of tourists and pment model th and economic d that consider bo unity in an integ ving similar projec lmouth/English H elson Dockyard N ost impressive his m activity is large gnificant interna cant developmen pment pattern is ep slopes and m en these roads ar ntial and villa dev c landscape com SIRMZP is urgen panied by strict dures. of the tourist reso f the Mill Reef nda) has proved to b ur has limited within an island” as. While this mo benefits the m hat should be w distortions it gen oth tourism proj gral manner sho cts. Harbour area ben ational Park (ND storic and natura ely related to yac ational attention nt potential exis s sporadic, proce most frequently r re poor to non‐ex velopments obscu ponent. A local ntly needed in th development g ort areas are very Club, which effe be economically area for expans which separates odel is attractive acro economy, widely emulated nerates. Local d jects and their ould be develop nefits from its loc NP), which includ al landscapes in t chting, an activity during “Sail We ts in this area, eding along track reach a dead‐end xistent. Further, ure ridgelines tha plan that reflect his area. The Pl guidelines and e y large. This is es ectively alienates successful. sion and is s tourist and to a certain it is not a due to the evelopment surrounding ped prior to cation within des some of the country. y that draws eek”. While the current ks that wind d. Linkages some major at are a vital ts the intent lan must be enforcement specially the s some 692 S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 5 D a p t a t I T r e a i h e e e S d a o d E s T p r 59 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla acres (280 ha) o properties restric the developmen avoided. Moreo through these pro ndustrial activit Tomlinson and recommended in estates are locate and have additi ndustrial expans however, are lo environment. A establishments expansion curtail Specialized light discrete locations airport and Falmo of these activitie developing small English Harbour share common in The expansion of past twenty (20 residential devel and Resource Ma of land along the ct public access to t of an efficien over, any oppor operties should b ties are largely Coolidge and n the 2001 NPD ed on relatively f onal lands that sion. The esta cated in a very Again, in accord should be ca ed. industrial and wa s throughout Ant outh harbour are es is appropriate, light industrial e and Parham. Th nfrastructure and f the City of St. Jo 0) years is larg lopment that no anagement Zonin e southeast coas o beaches and pr nt road network rtunities to prov be seized. y concentrated on the Crabbs DP, the Tomlins lat land with goo may be used blishments on C y sensitive marin dance with the refully monitor arehousing activi tigua, but most n eas. While the ge , consideration s estates in Jolly Ha his would allow t minimize enviro ohn’s into St. Joh gely in the form ow encircles ma ng Plan for Antigu t. As large gate resent obstacles t k, they should b vide public acces in estates nea s Peninsula. A son and Coolidg od vehicular acce to accommodat Crabbs Peninsul ne and terrestri 2001 Plan, thes red and furthe ties are located otably in the por eneral distributio hould be given t arbour, Falmouth these activities t nmental impacts hn’s Rural over th m of low‐densit any older village ua and Barbuda ( ed to be ss ar As ge ss te a, al se er in rt, on to h / to s. he ty es, such as that is activiti serves of the this ar corrido higher Ribbon predom pronou exacer enterin distanc schools and co unnece Furthe compa Despite older v compa Liberta Road, offer o local fu (including Redon s Piggotts and Po for the most p es separates the to some extent a lots. The conce rea presents an or that provides density settleme n development minates outside unced along All Sa bates traffic co ng, exiting, and ces that have t s, local commerc ostly to service w essarily interfere r development o ct settlements e the tendency villages have ma ct and multi‐fun a, English Harbou Freetown and W opportunities to unctions are rea nda) otters Village. No part occupied by e City of St. John as an open space entration of larg opportunity to s a welcome br ent patterns. along primary of the St. Joh aints Road. This ongestion due t d parking along o be travelled ce, and commun with water and s es with ecologic of this type shou toward ribbon naged to mainta nctional. These ur, Five Island V Willikies. These, a develop more c adily accessible o onetheless, a sign y institutional an n’s from St. John’ e buffer due to th ge institutional p establish an env reak from the and secondary n’s area, and i type of developm o the number g the road; inc to basic functio nity facilities; is v sewerage infrast cal systems and uld be curtailed development, so ain a node that include Parham illage, Jennings, and other traditi compact settlem on foot or bike; nificant band nd industrial ’s Rural and he large size properties in vironmental surrounding y roadways s especially ment greatly of vehicles creases the ons such as very difficult ructure and d farmland. in favour of ome of the is relatively m, All Saints, Bolans, Old ional nodes, ments where community S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D s m F o d 2 i C t s s ( u c 60 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla spirit and sense o may be efficiently Following the dec of agricultural l development. T 2009 were desi ntended for c Collectively, the the order of 4,6 suburban size (Ta sq. ft. (650 m2) a (650 m2) and 1 undeveloped lots consolidated, the Rib and Resource Ma of place is enhan y provided. cline of the sugar ands have bee he vast majority gnated for resid commercial, ind new subdivision 653 undeveloped able 4.1), betwee nd a further 9,26 107,639 sq.ft. ( s that are smalle e total area of sub bbon Development anagement Zonin ced; and water a r and cotton indu n converted an y (79.5%) over th dential use, wit dustrial and a ns currently cont d lots of conven en 2,000 sq. ft. (1 61 larger lots bet 10,000m2) in s er than 2,000 sq. bdivided undeve t along All Saints R ng Plan for Antigu and sewer facilitie ustries, large area nd used for bu he period 2005 t th the remainde agricultural use tain something ntional urban an 186 m2) and 7,00 tween 7,000 sq.f ize. If the 2,15 ft. (186 m2) wer loped lots that ar Road ua and Barbuda ( es as ilt to er es. in nd 00 ft. 56 re re less tha of this Table Plot Siz 0 ‐ 186 186 ‐ 2 278 ‐ 3 371 ‐ 4 465 ‐ 5 557 ‐ 6 650 ‐ 1 1,000 + Total 16 The nu between using a G were ob to date. (including Redon an one hectare in is shown in Table 4.1 Showing Nu ze (m2) 6 278 371 465 557 650 1,000 + Sou umber of developed n parcels that contai GIS‐based Point‐in‐Po btained from the Lan Nonetheless, the fig nda) n size would be 3 e 4.1 below. mber of Parcels w in Antigua Building No 2,156 794 2 879 2 1,358 3 1,622 2 1,975 7,286 4 11,231 7 27,301 2 urce: Survey Divisi and un‐developed lo ned one or more str olygon procedure. B ds Department in M gures should be cons 3,426 hectares16, with and withou Yes 1,612 2,368 2,513 3,194 2,673 1,924 4,872 7,649 26,805 ion, 2010 ots was calculated by ructures from those Both the parcel and b May 2010 and are bel sidered approximate. an example ut Buildings Total 3,768 3,162 3,392 4,552 4,295 3,899 12,158 18,880 54,106 y distinguishing that had none built form maps ieved to be up . S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D T p l b v e A u 61 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla These lots shou population years ocated relative t beyond the mea vulnerable areas event would be c A review of subd undertaken. In Figure 4.3 Illustr and Resource Ma ld be sufficient s into the future. to the existing se ans of targeted , and lack infras costly to provide g divisions that ha some cases, the ration of Parcels in All anagement Zonin to accommodat . However, they ettlements, have residents, are in structure and se given their locati ave yet to be oc ese should be de Less than 1Hecta Saints ng Plan for Antigu te the residenti y are often poor e lot sizes that ar n environmental rvices that in an on. ccupied should b ecommissioned are with Building ua and Barbuda ( al rly re ly ny be in favour more r offer e approp settlem 4.3.2 The set Antigua island i develo Virtual Codring settlem ft. (40 comme much o While d isolate leases expand build a The so and rel of whi prime gs (including Redon of more central readily provided asier access to co priate to further ment amenities. Barbuda Sett ttlement pattern a due to the sm is communally ow pment resting ly all of the resid gton, which was ment is relatively 00 m2) and 6,54 ercial, and institu of the town. development out d high‐end tour to large, semi‐ru d the village to t larger airfield in outh coast has ve lated commerce. ch closed some beachfront. Fur nda) ly located develo with social and ommunity faciliti subdivide large tlement Patter n in Barbuda diffe mall population a wned with contro with the Barba dents on the islan s established ne compact with lot 48 sq. ft. (600 utional functions tside of Codringto ist resorts, som ural lots in the int the east and sou the interior, east ery high develop . However, two e years ago, occu rther, the port a opment parcels t physical infrast es. In other area lots and allocat rn ers dramatically f and the fact tha ol over land distr adian Council (F nd live in a single ext to a large la ts ranging betwe m2) in size. are interspersed on predominately e Barbudans ha terior and there uth. There is als t of Codrington. pment potential exclusive tourist upy some 4 mile area, which also that may be ructure and as, it may be te space for from that of t the entire ribution and Figure 4.4). settlement, goon. This en 4,306 sq. Residential, throughout y consists of ve acquired are plans to so a plan to for tourism resorts, one es (7 km) of serves as a S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D p v f 62 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla passenger termin very poor conditi for this area. and Resource Ma nal for ferries be ion. A comprehe anagement Zonin etween Antigua a ensive developme ng Plan for Antigu and Barbuda, is ent plan is neede ua and Barbuda ( in ed (including Redonnda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Roads Secondary Roads Forest Woodland Highlands Woodland Buildings Development Land Use Bare Exposed Rock Bays Beaches Commercial/Services Croplands Inland Water Lagoon Mangrove Marl Mixed Rangeland Partially Forested Wetland Residential Strip Mines Quarries, Gravel Pits ! ! ! ! ! ! Transport, Communications & Utilities All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association LAND USE & BUILT FORM DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 4.4 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □ □ fg ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 6 D 4 T 7 B D S p b i p t T 1 a p r h t h m f d o 64 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.4 Populati The latest nation 76,886 people o Based on estima Department of E Secretariat (Tabl projected to rise between 97,000 mmigration tren planning horizon the time frame fo The volatility of 1980 to 1990 (F agriculture to to population over residents and mi have been drawn the country over hold and interna may be expecte fertility and mor due to migration other living condi and Resource Ma ion nal census, in 200 of which 1,325 o ates published b Economic and So le 4.2) the curr e steadily until 0 and 130,000 ds. The medium would see the p or this Plan. population grow Figure 4.5), a pe ourism. A signi the past 20 yea grants from neig n by the relative this time frame ational business s d that the UN rtality estimates, n patterns in res itions over the ne anagement Zonin 01, reported a to or 1.7% were loc by the Populatio ocial Affairs of th rent population at least 2050 w 0; depending m variant projecti population reach wth is evident in eriod of econom ficant portion o rs may be attrib ghbouring CARICO ly good econom as tourism proje services expande projections, wh will also be su sponse to chang ext twenty years. ng Plan for Antigu otal population o cated in Barbud on Division of th he United Nation is 89,000 and when it will reac on fertility an on for the SIRMZ h 105,000 in 203 the decline fro ic transition fro of the increase buted to returnin OM countries tha ic performance o ects began to tak ed significantly. ich are based o bject to variance ing economic an . ua and Barbuda ( of a. he ns is ch nd ZP 0, m m in ng at of ke It on es nd T Year 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 (including Redon Table 4.2 Popula r Low 0 46 5 53 0 55 5 62 0 69 5 76 0 72 5 68 0 62 5 68 0 77 5 84 0 89 5 92 0 95 5 97 0 99 5 99 0 99 5 98 0 97 nda) ation Estimates a Medium Hi 46 4 53 5 55 5 62 6 69 6 76 7 72 7 68 6 62 6 68 6 77 7 84 8 89 8 93 9 97 10 101 10 105 11 108 11 110 12 111 12 112 13 nd Projections (‘ gh Constan 46 4 53 55 62 69 76 72 68 62 68 77 84 89 94 00 06 1 11 1 16 1 21 1 25 1 30 1 ‘000s) nt Fertility 46 53 55 62 69 76 72 68 62 68 77 84 89 93 98 103 108 112 116 119 122 GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D 1 65 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Source: Popula 17 The 2008 Revision: 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1950 195 and Resource Ma ation Division of th : http://esa.un.org/u 55 1960 1965 197 anagement Zonin Figure 4.5 G he Department of npp 70 1975 1980 19 ng Plan for Antigu Graph Showing U of Economic and S 985 1990 1995 20 ua and Barbuda ( UN Population Pr Social Affairs of th 000 2005 2010 20 (including Redon rojections (1950‐ he United Nation 015 2020 2025 2 nda) ‐2050) s Secretariat, Wo 2030 2035 2040 2 orld Population Pr 2045 2050 rospects17 Low Medium High Constant Fertility - ......... S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D W s b J p r a m a f D i d t c T b N a f S o g l t R 66 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla While the overall substantial differ between parishe John’s City and population in 200 reflects the con around St. John’ made available additional ‘pull f functions and Decentralization ncrease overall demand. Howev the City of St. Joh commerce, indus Table 4.3 provid between 1991 a National Census analysis. The pe for each of the p St. John’s City (1 of total growth. growth rates for ikely that the 20 these areas and Rural due to the and Resource Ma l growth rate is h rences in the po s. The parish of S St. John’s Rural, 01. This relativel centration of e ’s and the numb within the par factor’ is the hig social service of selected ba accessibility to ver, it should be hn’s as the natio stry, and culture s es the breakdow and 2001, howe was unavailable rcentage share o parishes indicates 6.8%) accounted Nonetheless, St. George’s (49 011 Census will r a somewhat slo residential plots anagement Zonin healthy and mana opulation base St. John’s, which , accounted for y high concentra mployment opp ber of residentia ish over the pa gh concentration s within the asic governmen these services a noted that the n’s primary cent should be mainta wn of population ever the figures e and could not of growth betwee s that St. John’s d for a very subs it is important 9.2%) and St Pet eport further sig ower rate of gro s that have beco ng Plan for Antigu ageable, there ar and growth rate consists of the S 60% of Antigua ation of populatio portunities in an al plots that wer ast 20 years. A of administrativ capital regio t services wou and reduce traff prominent role o re of governmen ained. n grown by Paris s from the 201 be utilised in th en 1991 and 200 Rural (38.6%) an stantial proportio to note the hig er’s (50.2%). It gnificant growth wth for St. John me available in S ua and Barbuda ( re es St. a’s on nd re An ve n. ld fic of nt, sh 10 his 01 nd on gh is in n’s St George public St. John While has lik develo substa (including Redon e’s and St. Peter transportation, a n’s parish. the very low po kely continued o pment opportun ntial growth if th nda) r’s over the pas and the congesti opulation growth over the past 9 nities on that isla e Barbadian Cou t 9 years, impro ion that many ex in Barbuda ove years, there are and that may res ncil so wishes. ovements in xperience in er the 1990s e significant sult in more S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D T p c t c s a T p P 67 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Parish St. John’s City St. John’s Rura St. George’s St. Peter’s St. Phillip’s St. Paul’s St. Mary’s Barbuda Totals The national po population within census data beco to obtain relia characteristics, a social and econo as the household This SIRMZP pres people make abo Plan is successf and Resource Ma 19 21, al 14, 4,4 3,6 2,9 6,1 5,3 1,2 59, opulation project n parishes should ome available. A able indications and employmen mic developmen formation rate. sents an opportu out where to liv ful, the tendenc anagement Zonin Population 991 514 121 473 622 964 117 303 241 355 Source: Calcula tion and the dis d be revisited as At that time it wi s of age pro t, factors that nt and influence m unity to influence ve in Antigua and cy will be towa ng Plan for Antigu Table 4.3 Pop 2001 24,451 20,895 6,673 5,439 3,462 7,848 6,793 1,325 76,886 ations based on N stribution of tha soon as the late ill also be possib ofiles, househo are important many trends, suc e the choices tha d Barbuda. If th ard a network o ua and Barbuda ( ulation Growth b Absolute Growth 2,937 6,774 2,200 1,817 498 1,731 1,490 84 17,531 National Censuse at st le ld in ch at he of sustain suppor environ 4.5 H 4.5.1 Housin indepe substa as hurr (including Redon by Parish es data for 2001 a nable communit rt local econom nment in which t Housing Housing Dem ng demand is a endent househol ndard, overcrow ricanes; and shift nda) Growth Rate (%) 13.7 48.0 49.2 50.2 16.8 28.3 28.1 6.8 29.5 and 1991. ties that respec mic development o live, work, and mand function of the ds; the need to ded or damaged s in income and/ Share Growth 16.8 38.6 12.5 10.4 2.8 9.9 8.5 0.5 100 ct environmenta t, and provide play. e growth in the o replace dwellin due to natural c or dwelling prefe e of h (%) 8 6 5 4 8 9 5 5 0 al integrity, a convivial number of ngs that are causes, such erences with S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D r s d G t t i h T c l i i i s i R a p i 2 d d s o C 68 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla respect to locati sector is related desirable location Governments m through measure tariffs, taxation p ncentives that housing units. The average hou countries that h evels due the p ncreasing tende ndependently of s in evident in A size fell from 4.2 ndividuals. Recent census da as the average h persons per hous n 2001. During 29.5% while the due in part to development. subdivisions have of residential d Consequently, it and Resource Ma on and features to market force ns, the cost of c ay influence bo es such as subdiv policy, public inf encourage hou usehold size has have experienced reference of cou ency for young f their parents in Antigua and Barb 23 in 1970 to 3.7 ata, however, is i household size r sehold, is substan this ten‐year pe number of hous o limitations o Over the past e sprung up in th densities has oc is likely that th anagement Zonin . Housing supp s that include th onstruction, and oth housing dem vision control, bu ormation progra useholds to ch decreased in rec d rising educati uples for smaller people to esta their early twent uda where the a 1 in 2001 for no inconsistent with reported in the ntially lower than eriod, the popula sing units increas on the availabi ten years, num e interior and so ccurred in the e long‐term dec ng Plan for Antigu ply by the privat he price of land d expected profit mand and supp uilding regulation ammes, and dire hoose sustainab cent years in mo onal and incom r families and th ablish household ties. This tendenc average househo on‐institutionalize h the overall tren 1991 census, 3 n the 3.7 reporte ation increased b sed by only 10.9 lity of land fo merous residenti ome intensificatio St. John’s are cline in househo ua and Barbuda ( te in ts. ply ns, ct le st me he ds cy ld ed nd .2 ed by % or al on a. ld size ha NPDP e in Nort shows the cou The co decrea 52,000 popula require census F (including Redon s resumed and m estimated would th America and E that smaller hou untry. ombination of th se in household 0 dwelling units w ation projection v ed; 21,563 more . Figure 4.6 Person So 15.4% 10.0% 5.5% 2.7% nda) may reach 2.5 by be the case in 2 Europe. This is re usehold sizes con he expected incr d size suggests will be required b variant some 42,0 than the 20,437 s per Household ource: CSO censu 24.7% 20. 18.6% 1.5% 1.6% 2030; a figure th 2016 and is the cu eflected in Figure nstitute a greate rease in populati that between by 2030. Using t 000 dwelling uni 7 units reported : Antigua and Ba us 2001 % 0% No. Per Hous hat the 2001 urrent norm e 4.6, which er portion in ion and the 38,000 and the medium ts would be in the 2001 arbuda 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 sehold: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 6 D I a r h t w n c i O r 2 1 69 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla n addition to ac add replacement relief from overc housing is 8,000 u that was made in will be vigorous normal 5%. Wh currently overcro s built into the m Overall, the mo replacement unit 2030. This works 8 McHardy, 1994 and Resource Ma ccommodating n t units for substa rowding. The mo units or approxim n 199418. The p tackled in the sh hile the data ind owded, the gradu model incorporate del suggests tha ts will be requir s out to about 1,1 anagement Zonin ew households, andard housing s ost recent estima mately 39% of all rojection assume hort term before dicates that man ual decrease in h es this requireme at approximatel red from over th 184 units per yea ng Plan for Antigu it is necessary t stock and provid ate of substandar units, an estimat es that this defic e reaching a mor ny households ar ousehold size tha ent. y 35,547 new o he period 2001 t r. ua and Barbuda ( to de rd te cit re re at or to (including Redonnda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D T a 70 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The development attention to: 1. Fragmen fragment results in and Resource Ma t and implement ted Institutional ted and respon n duplication and anagement Zonin tation of these p Structure: the nsibilities are a conflict. Further ng Plan for Antigu Table 4.4 Pro olicies will requir housing sector ambiguous whic r there remains n ua and Barbuda ( ojected Housing D re is ch no 2. (including Redon Demand formal mechan between agenc Inadequate In developments and private infrastructure. nda) nism for ensurin cies and departme nfrastructure P completed in p developers la Furthermore, s ng systematic co ents involved in h Provision: man artnership betw ck the neces several subdivisi o‐ordination housing. y housing ween CHAPA ssary basic ons remain l l Cumulative Housing Demand Projection Replacement Replacement Replacement Cumulative - -- Year Population Hid Size Hlds Rate (%) Units Units New Units 2001 75828 3.71 20,437 0 0 0 0 - -- - - - - 2005 84000 3.50 24,000 10 2,400 2,400 5,963 2010 89000 3.20 27,813 10 2,781 5,181 12,557 - -- - - - - 2015 93000 3.00 31,000 10 3,100 8,281 18,844 2020 97000 2.80 34,643 5 1,732 10,013 24,219 - -- - - - - 2025 101000 2.70 37,407 5 1,870 11,884 28,854 2030 105000 2.50 42,000 5 2,100 13,984 35,547 - -- - - - - - 1 l l l Census Data 2001 data does not include institutionalized population & households Data for 2005 to 2030 are from Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects Assumptions: Household Size will decrease with rising educational and income levels providing adequate housing stock is available. Replacement units will decline once the backlog is dealt with. Overcrowding is taken into account by the decline in household size. S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D 4 T d c p f 2 A 71 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla un/ unde credit to 3. Housing income e and pay t banks. C Governm purchase and gua without t access cr 4. Land Ava of the e commerc available areas tha developm 4.5.2 Land Re The amount of la demand depends calculation exclud provided within t for de‐densificati 2,000 sq. ft. (186 A rough estimate and Resource Ma er‐developed as finance construc Finance and Af earners are often the high lending Consequently, in ment may need e or renovations, ranteed loans o title or with com edit. ailability: Populat economy and th cialization, all com land resources. at respect enviro ment of sustainab equirement fo and that will be r s on the density des replacement the existing urba ion in areas whe 6 m2) in size, as o e of this requirem anagement Zonin beneficiaries are tion. ffordability: Low n unable to mee rates charged by accord with the to offer soft lo , subsidies for b or long‐term lea munal title in or ion growth, the c he processes of mbine to exert s Designated resi onmental integri ble communities a r Housing required to acco y of the new dev t units, as these w n fabric. Howeve ere single‐family ccurs in various p ment may be gle ng Plan for Antigu e unable to acces w and moderate et the loan criter y local commerci e 2001 NPDP, th oans for dwellin building material ases to residen der that they ma changing structur urbanization an evere pressure o idential expansio ity and foster th are required. mmodate housin velopments. Th would typically b er, there is a nee lots are less tha parts of St. John’ eaned from Figur ua and Barbuda ( ss e‐ ria al he ng ls, ts ay re nd on on he ng his be ed an ’s. re 4.7, wh than 2, The re 10, an density recomm 20 dw interna neighb land t comme examp might remain circulat As the and Ba develo develo toward housin as wel govern utilities to enha with m (including Redon hich indicates tha ,000 sq. ft. (186 m sidential density d 17 dwelling u y developments mended by the 2 welling units pe ational literatur bourhood density that is occupie ercial, communit le, the land are be allocated in ning 40% for com tion, and open sp sizes of single‐fa arbuda have ten pments in North pments are the d smaller lots a g typologies that l as, being mor nment to provid s; less dependen ance the sense o mixed use, and nda) at structures are m2). standards curre units per acre fo respectively, w 2001 NPDP (low: er acre) and to e. These figur y standards in t ed by individua ty, recreation, an ea in a typical the following wa mmercial, comm pace. mily parcels in re ded to be simila America (6,000 norm. Howeve and/or a greater t have the advan e affordable for de and maintain t on cars for tran of community. Th housing variety, located on 1,612 ently used by the or low, medium which are simila 2‐4; medium: 5‐ o those publish es should be hat they take in al residences, a nd circulation act low‐density neig ay: 60% resident munity functions, ecent subdivision ar to convention sq.ft. or 557 m2) r, the internatio r variety of hig tage of consumin r individuals; les n proper infrastr nsportation; and hese characteristi are captured in 2 lots of less e DCA are 5, m, and high‐ ar to those ‐9; high: 10‐ hed in the considered nto account as well as, tivities. For ghbourhood tial and the recreation, ns in Antigua al suburban low‐density onal trend is gher density ng less land; ss costly for ructure and more likely ics, together n the “New S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D U m c I e e u a 3 h n M a d o i a m t T r 72 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Urbanism Movem more sustainabl conventional sub n SIDS, such as ensure that land environments tha useful to look ba and Willikies whe 371 m2). These v housing choice, network of sustai Medium and h appropriate in developments m one (1) ‐ and two n the 2001 cens area. Conseque medium, and hig the needs of the The density stand requirements are and Resource Ma ment” which is s e development urban developm Antigua and Bar is used efficientl at meet sustainab ack to traditional ere individual lot villages, which pr offer nodes tha inable communit igh‐density resid St. John’s City ay be particularly o (2) ‐person hou sus who seek af ently, it is impor gh‐density reside population in 203 dards guiding thi e presented in Ta anagement Zonin seen by many as pattern than t ent. rbuda, it is espec ly to create high‐ ble development villages such as ts are 3,000 to 4 rovide a strong s t may be built ties. dential develop and St. John’ y attractive to th useholds (respect ffordable housing rtant to determi ential environme 30. is Plan and the c ble 4.5. ng Plan for Antigu s offering a muc that provided b cially important t ‐quality residenti criteria. Here it Bolans, All Saint ,000 sq.ft. (278 t sense of place an upon to create ments are mor ’s Rural. Thes e 25% and 20% o tively) as reporte g in an accessib ine a mix of low nts that will mee orresponding lan ua and Barbuda ( ch by to al is ts, to nd a re se of ed le w, et nd Fi (including Redon igure 4.7 Showin nda) g St. John’s Parceels less than 1Haa with Buildings 279 • 371 372 • 465 - 466-557 - 558-1000 S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D T v w d d v h d 73 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Single de Semi‐de Row ho Low‐rise ap Assump New Dwel De‐densi Tot Alternative All Single d Even dist All apart The model indica variant; the land would range fro depending on th densities for diffe vary significantly, hectares would demand over the and Resource Ma etached etached ouses partments ptions ling Units ification tal e Scenarios detached tribution tments ates that, using t d requirements f om 1,147 to 4,77 he density of dev erent residential , it is apparent th be more than e period 2001 to anagement Zonin Distribution (%) 40 20 20 20 100 21,563 1,612 23,175 Hectares 1,931 891 464 the medium pop for housing ove 72 acres (464 to velopment. Wh areas in Antigua hat something in sufficient to m o 2030. Some of ng Plan for Antigu Table 4.5 Land Units 9,270 4,635 4,635 4,635 pulation projectio r the plan perio o 1,931 hectare hile recommende a and Barbuda w the order of 1,30 meet the housin f this requiremen ua and Barbuda ( Requirements fo Neighbourhoo (Acres 5 7 12 20 on od s) ed will 00 ng nt has alr the pa registe respect market of the n 19 DCA, 2 (including Redon or Housing od Density s) Neigh eady been met i ast 10 years. ered subdivisions tively19. Of these t and the remain new lots were in 2010 nda) hbourhood Densit (Hectares) 12 18 30 50 n the subdivision For example, th s totalled 580 a e 70% were inten nder for the tour government‐init ty Land Required 773 258 155 93 1,27 ns that were com he number of l and 552 in 2007 nded for the loca rism residential m iated subdivision d (Hectares) 3 8 5 3 77 mpleted over ots in new 7 and 2008 al residential market; 22% ns. S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D A r c 4 W t d T a s a l i c a A 74 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla As the census d review the housi census are made 4.5.3 Squattin Within recent t throughout Antig depicted in Figure 1. Perry Bay 2. York's Ne 3. Piggotts 4. Gunthorp 5. Lightfoot 6. Mack Pon 7. Freetown 8. Cobbs Cr 9. Nelson's 10. Jennings The recent increa attributed to a nu some low and available vacant ands are still out mmigrants over cheaper lands be and price of the Antigua and are and Resource Ma ata is now 10 y ng requirement available. ng times, squatting gua & Barbuda i e 4.8 y ew Extension pes t nd area n oss Dockyard New Extension ase in the numb umber of reasons middle income lands. Furtherm t of reach for mos the past few de eing bought off a ese lands. Many unable to monit anagement Zonin years old, it will as soon as the r has become a in the following ber of informal se s. Due to the esca earners resort more, traditiona st and the huge i cades has resulte and therefore ra y landowners als tor and take enf ng Plan for Antigu l be important t results of the nex a major proble key areas and a ettlements can b alating land price to squatting o al cheaper Crow nflux of Caribbea ed in much of th aising the deman so do not live forcement again ua and Barbuda ( to xt m as be es, on wn an he nd in st possibl have re are sev with th (including Redon le encroachers. M esponsibility for m verely under‐staf his growing probl nda) More importantly monitoring and e ffed and under‐e em. y, Government ag evicting squatters equipped to dea gencies that s from lands al effectively S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago Freetown Piggotts Mack Pond Lightfoot Perry Bay Gunthorpes Cobbs Cross Nelson's Dockyard Yor'k's New Extension Jennings New Extension ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Squatter Sites Primary Roads Secondary Roads All base data and satellite imagery provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association EXISTING SQUATTER HOTSPOTS DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.8 SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' • 7 D 76 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Source: Wo Forecasting and Resource Ma Figure 4.9 G orld Bank World g, as well as estima anagement Zonin Gross Domestic P Development Ind ated and projected ng Plan for Antigu Product (GDP) Se dicators, Internatio values developed b ua and Barbuda ( elected Countries onal Financial Sta by the Economic Re (including Redon s (in billions of 20 atistics of the IMF esearch Service all nda) 005 dollars) 1969 F, Global Insight, converted to a 200 9‐2009 and Oxford Econ 05 base year. nomic 1. Cl l.. [I - - - • AnDgu.a .and 18.aJrl:wda 0. I] --Be:Jtze Oo Ill O.fit'.i llt.5 al"ldi Nevis. LucLa --St IJll"ICent an.d ·e Grenadl11e5 0. Cl 0.2CI O.□CI ., ~ r\ ... "' :'I) ... rf> ::(\ o,,'f>i .::i'b .... ~ ~<{;> ~ .ff"':,°'°' .... ,:f,,.,, pp <:>,..,,.,.,, o.,<¥1 ~ .... ~ '\.# 'i,,,§i ..... ~ S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D 4 R r f 77 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.6 Economy Relative to othe region, Antigua a forty (40) years d and Resource Ma y and Employ r countries with and Barbuda has during which its G anagement Zonin Figure 4.10 Source: The Wor yment economies of s performed very Gross Domestic P ng Plan for Antigu 0 GDP per capita, Constant 200 rld Bank Group: W similar size in th well over the pa Product (GDP) ros ua and Barbuda ( , PPP: Antigua an 05 International World Developme he st se from $ status Human Barbad Baham (including Redon nd Barbuda 1980 Dollars ent Indicators, Ap $US0.16 B in 196 is further borne n Development dos in the Caribb mas and Barbados nda) 0‐2008 pril 19, 2010 69 to $US1.04 B e out by its ran Index (2009), bean, and is fou s) in GDP per cap in 2009 (Figure king of 47th on which is secon urth place (after pita over at least 4.10). This the UNDP’s nd only to Aruba, The the past 15 20000 ------------------ 15000 5000 0 ~ ! ~ ~ ~ i ~ i ~ I I s I ! I I ~ i ~ ffi ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ I S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D y 2 a T i o A B b n T t s i C 2 78 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla years20. The Gros 2008 qualifies A according to Wor The growth in th n purchasing po on 2005 that rose As indicated in F Barbuda tends between 1978 an notable exception The periods of gr the tourism indu spurt correspond n hotel and res Championship in 20 The World Bank and Resource Ma ss National Incom Antigua and Bar rld Bank criteria. e economy is als ower parity in co e from 5,997 in 1 igure 4.11, grow to occur in sp nd 1981; 1983 an n of 1995); as we rowth tend to be ustry and related ding with a chang sidential constru 2007. Group: World Deve anagement Zonin me (GNI) per capit rbuda as a High so reflected in th onstant internatio 1980 to 19,368 in wth in the econom purts. Vigorous nd 1989; 1993 a ell as 2003 and 20 driven by increa d activities with ge in government uction prior to t elopment Indicato ng Plan for Antigu ta of $US13,200 h Income count he impressive shi onal values base 2008 (Figure 4.9 my of Antigua an growth occurre nd 1999 (with th 007. ased investment the most recen t and the build u the World Cricke rs, April 19, 2010 ua and Barbuda ( in ry ift ed 9). nd ed he in nt up et (including Redonnda) S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 7 D 79 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla and Resource Maanagement Zonin Figure 4.11 GD Source: The Wor ng Plan for Antigu P Annual Growth rld Bank Group: W ua and Barbuda ( h Rate (%) Antigu World Developme (including Redon ua and Barbuda 1 ent Indicators, Ap nda) 1978‐2008 pril 19, 2010 14 - 12 rn I - -8 -- - - - --- - - -- - - - 4 - - - -- - - 2 ~ - .... - i i ~~,~~•~#•#••#· ~~·,~~~·~~#··~~,~~~, ~ ~ ..; . i:i; {'I ...,o, .., "l ... .., ci: ... ~ ..,c:i .... ,{:)· . a,, .., ':) ... ~ -..""' .. <>i {) ... . "l,',j ,. ,,,i;;s ,,fi '1'1 "l,"i> . "l,r;;; "j; -2 S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D T H v w p o i 2 a r w F g i G o p t a i g a e s 2 2 80 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The negative gro Hurricane Luis vulnerability of t was also hard hit price of commod over 2009 and 20 t is only in 2014 2008 level21. accumulated gov recently signed a with the Interna Fiscal Consolida government expe nstitutions22. Given the curren of Antigua and B projects (Figure that the recomm and in accordanc ts financial posi growth in future appropriate des environmental r social and physic 21 International Mone 22Press Release: Mi and Resource Ma wth that occurre on tourism, a the economy to t by the internat dities in 2008, th 010. While grow 4 that the countr This situation vernment debt. a three (3) year 1 tional Monetary tion Programm enditures, increas t fiscal situation Barbuda is not in 4.12). Conseque mendations prese ce with the Gove ition while posit e years. This m signation of la esources and s cal infrastructure etary Fund (IMF) fore nister of Finance, A anagement Zonin ed in 1995 was d coincidence tha natural disasters tional financial cr he economy is ex wth is projected t ry’s GDP is expec is exasperate In this context 117.8 million ($US Fund (IMF) in o e that is expe se revenues, and it is evident tha a position to inv ently, it is all the ented in this SIR ernment’s commi tioning the coun may be accompli and use zones ensitive areas, e that provide b ecast July 7 2010 Antigua and Barbu ng Plan for Antigu ue to the effect o at underlines th s. As the count risis and the risin xpected to declin o resume in 201 cted to surpass i ed by significan , the governmen S) loan agreemen order to finance ected to reduc strengthen publ t the Governmen vest in speculativ e more importan RMZP are practic itment to improv ntry for sustaine shed through th s, protection o improvements t better service at da, June 10, 2010 ua and Barbuda ( of he ry ng ne 1, ts nt nt nt a ce lic nt ve nt al ve ed he of to a lower all com (including Redon unit cost, and a mponents of this S nda) fair and transpa SIRMZP. rent developmennt process – S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D C s o i 1 81 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Currently, Antigu sector, which ha over the past 30 ncreased in impo 1977 to 3% in 2 and Resource Ma ua and Barbuda’s as accounted for 0 years. Over th ortance while ag 008 (World Ban anagement Zonin Figure 4 s economy is fuel 69 to 77% of t e same time pe riculture has dec k: World Develo ng Plan for Antigu 4.12 GDP % Shar lled by the servic the country’s GD riod, industry ha clined from 11% opment Indicator ua and Barbuda ( e: Antigua and B ce DP as in rs, 2010). employ and 75 respect (including Redon Barbuda 1977‐200 These data co yment among e 5.6% for the a tively in 2001. nda) 08 orrespond closel conomic sectors agricultural, indu y with the dist s, which were 2 ustrial, and serv tribution of .6%, 14.6%, vice sectors Sent, res S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D C s o h 1 82 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Currently, Antigu sector, which ha over the past thir has increased in 11% in 1977 to 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% and Resource Ma ua and Barbuda’s as accounted for rty (30) years. O importance wh o 3% in 2008 (W 2001 2002 anagement Zonin F s economy is fuel 69 to 77% of t ver the same tim hile agriculture h World Bank: Wo 2003 ng Plan for Antigu igure 4.13 Comp Source lled by the servic the country’s GD me period, indust has declined fro orld Developmen 2004 2 ua and Barbuda ( position of GDP, 2 e: CSO, ECCB, 201 ce DP ry m nt Indicat distribu 2.6%, 1 sectors 2005 2006 (including Redon 2001 to 2009 0 tors, 2010). T ution of employm 14.6%, and 75.6% s respectively in 2 2007 nda) These data cor ment among eco % for the agricul 2001. 2008 2 rrespond closely onomic sectors, tural, industrial, 2009 Other Ser Governm Real Esta Banks & I Commun Transpor Hotels & Wholesal Construc Electricity Manufact Mining & Agricultu y with the which were and service rvices ment Services te & Housing Insurance nications rtation Restaurants le & Retail Trade tion y & Water turing & Quarrying re ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D F w a G 2 b t w e o T c p d v t C F G e ( t 2 A 83 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Further, the serv which is estimate and 84.5% when GDP growth for t 2% in 2010, it is p be achieved over that tourism’s im where it represe exports (via expo of total investme These are both certainly encour potential in the dominance of a vulnerability. Fur travel in the rep Council are slight Figure 4.13 prese GDP for each of evident that Go (12.1%) domina throughout the e 23 World Travel and Antigua and Barbu and Resource Ma ice sector itself is ed to directly em n indirect employ the Travel and To projected that a g r the next 10 year mportance will s nts 84.8% of GDP ort earnings from nt by 2020. optimistic and raging to note eyes of indust a single sector rther, the growth port prepared b tly below those fo ents a further bre f the three prim overnment Serv ted the service entire period fro d Tourism Council, da, 2010 anagement Zonin s overwhelming d mploy 22.6% of a yment is include ourism Economy i growth rate of 3.9 rs23. The same p ubstantially incr P, 86.9% of emp m international vi worrisome figu that tourism h ry observers, an of the econo h rates for perso by the World Tr or the Caribbean eakdown of the c mary economic se ices (14.2%) an e sector in 20 om 2001‐2009. Travel and Tourism ng Plan for Antigu driven by tourism ll workers in 201 d. While the re is expected to be 9% per annum w rojection indicate ease to the poin loyment, 74.3% o sitors), and 55.2 ures. While it has solid growt n increase in th my increases i onal and busine avel and Touris and the World. composition of th ectors. Here it nd Transportatio 009 and, indee Nonetheless, it m Economic Impac ua and Barbuda ( m, 10 al e ‐ will es nt of % is th he ts ss m he is on d, is ct: encour 14.2% Financi GDP in bankin well re import 9.2% o The ind 4.14), greatly Champ Mining Howev on san must b (including Redon raging that Gov of GDP over the s ial services (Ban n 2009. While th g irregularities t epresent a grow tant gains that m f the 2009 GDP. dustrial sector is which is cyclica y affected by t pionship. Relative g and Quarrying, ver, the quarryin nd mining, an act be restrained. nda) ernment Service same time period nks and Insuranc is industry was r hat garnered int wth area in th may be achieved s dominated by al in nature and the build up to ely modest but st , Manufacturing, g and mining in tivity that is env es declined from d. ce) contributed 9 recently affected ternational atten e future. Ther in Trade, which construction act d in particular w o the 2007 Wo teady output is g , and Electricity dustry is heavily vironmentally dis m 16.3% to 9.4% of the by offshore tion, it may re are also represented ivity (Figure was recently orld Cricket enerated by and Water. y dependent sruptive and S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D I a c d c e a A I 2 84 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla n contrast, manu apparel, distilled components, ha disadvantages of costs for the encouragement o as the yachting s As suggested by nvestment Auth 24 United States Agen 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 and Resource Ma Figure 4.14 In Source: CSO ufacturing, which d liquor, bedd as growth pot f relatively high la region24. Plann of small niche ind ector in the Falm y representative hority, this app ncy for International anagement Zonin ndustrial Sector O, ECCB, 2010 h currently focus ing, handicrafts tential despite abour, energy an ned industrial e dustries focusing mouth area are pa es of the Antig proach would Development (USAID ng Plan for Antigu ses on textiles an s, and electron the competitiv nd communicatio estates and th g on activities suc art of the SIRMZ gua and Barbud be attractive t D), 2006 Mining & Quarryin Manufacturing Electricity & Wate Construction ua and Barbuda ( nd nic ve on he ch P. da to investo minimi safe gu The ag fishing, 4.15). the sug availab coordin increas ng er 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 (including Redon Figur S ors as it allows co ize problems du uard environment ricultural sector, , represents a sig While this secto gar industry dec ble, much of w nated public‐pri se the productio 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 nda) re 4.15 Agricultu Source: CSO, ECCB, ompanies to shar e to incompatib tal integrity. which includes c gnificant opportu or declined dram cades ago, signif which is owned vate initiative on of ornamenta ral Sector , 2010 re utilities and inf ble adjacent land crops, livestock, f nity for developm matically with the ficant class II an by the gover might be used al plans, salt resi frastructure, d uses, and forestry, and ment (Figure e collapse of d III land is rnment. A to greatly istant grass, Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing /, / / / / - S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D a s l g p o S p p a A s s h s h a e m h i 2 2 85 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla and specialty veg sectors25. These ower what is pre goods. Consequ programme, whi order to achiev SIRMZP. Furthe physical support provide products and international Another area for sector itself. Wh sand, and sea to high wages and s significant opport heritage tourism already develope especially the y marine areas, att heritage sites t nfrastructure are 25 USAID, 2006 26 USAID, 2006 and Resource Ma getables and fru and other crops esently a substant uently, a compre ich includes sett e economies of er, there is a n t for the fishing s of sufficient qua l markets. economic divers hile Antigua and ourism” is declini stagnation in the tunities to devel m products26. In ed a very stron yachting sector. tractive town ce that are well s e therefore impo anagement Zonin uits for the dom s would increase tial negative trad ehensive agricult ting aside large f scale, is recom need to provide g industry to en ality and quantity sification and gro d Barbuda’s mark ing due to the c e growth of this op ecological, me ndeed, Antigua ng foundation in Unspoiled be ntres and vistas, served with soc rtant elements o ng Plan for Antigu estic and touris food security an de balance on foo ture developmen tracks of land mmended in th institutional an able fisherfolk t y for the domest wth is the touris ket share of “su ountry’s relative market, there ar edical, sports, an and Barbuda ha n sports tourism eaches, protecte nature parks an cial and physic f the SIRMZP. ua and Barbuda ( m nd od nt in his nd to tic m n, ely re nd as m, ed nd al 4.7 S 4.7.1 Antigua which service Centre Americ makes range o chamb illness (including Redon Social Infrast Health a and Barbuda is is served by desig es are provided b (MSJMC) and s can University o this facility a t of services. One er with the resu must be evacuat nda) ructure s divided into six gnated clinics wh by the new 185 b everal private cl of Antigua (AUA teaching hospita notable deficien ult that divers su ed to a neighbou x (6) health distri hile more speciali ed Mount St. Joh linics. The affilia A) with MSJMC l that further a cy is the lack of a uffering from dec uring island. icts, each of ized medical hn’s Medical ation of the C effectively ugments its a hyperbaric compression S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D D s b l w c l s a G p 86 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Despite some d services, the syst be travelled are aboratory, and would improve critical in Barbu aboratory facilit surgeries. Conse airlifted to Antigu Government op promotes healthy and Resource Ma eficiencies in co em works relativ e short. Noneth drug services w the level of ser uda where the ties and can on equently, patients ua. In addition to perates prevent y lifestyles. anagement Zonin ommunity clinics vely well as the d heless, ensuring were available in rvice. The situa Hannah Thoma ly deal with mi s with more serio o dealing with he ive medicine p ng Plan for Antigu s and ambulato istances that mu that basic X‐ra n regional centre ation is especial as Hospital lack inor to moderat ous conditions ar alth problems, th programmes an ua and Barbuda ( ry st y, es ly ks te re he nd 4.7.2 Educat the pre private Centre Contin Americ institut for pos While t be ade overcro structu hurrica A furth second residen standa 24.2% attenti encour educat knowle of both SIRMZP (including Redon Education tion facilities are e‐primary, prima e sectors. In addit in St. John’s uing Studies of t can University o tions that provide st‐secondary stud the distribution o equate as indicat owding in urban ural deficiencies, anes. her concern is th dary school. Data nts 15 years of a rd (4‐6 year), w pre‐university, on to providing rage students to tion levels is ne edge economy. T h primary and s P, which propose nda) widely available ary, and seconda tion, the Antigua that is admini the University of of Antigua (AU e specialized voc dies. of schools throug ted in Figure 4.1 n facilities. Fur , some of whic e number of stu a from the 2001 age and over, 96 while 67.3% co and 9% unive g the facilities o continue to t eeded if the cou There is a need to econdary educat es a hierarchy of c e in Antigua and ary by both the State College, th istrated by the f the West Indies A), as well as, ational training a ghout the country 16, there are pro rther, many bui ch were caused dents who do no census indicates 6% have comple mpleted second rsity (CSO, 200 and programme the secondary a untry is to com o reconsider the tion facilities in communities. Barbuda at e public and he University School of s (UWI), the , numerous are available y appears to oblems with ldings have d by recent ot complete that among ted primary dary school, 01). Greater es that will and tertiary pete in the distribution light of the S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ### "" ## ! ! !! ## ## #### ## ####"" ## "" ## "" "" ##"" ## ####""!! ## ## ####!! ! #### ## ## # ###"" ## ## ### ### ## ## ## ## ## # ## ## ! ## ##"" ""## ## ""# "" ## ## "" ##"" ## "" ## #### ## ## ## ## ## ## ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Schools ## Primary "" Secondary ! Tertiary !! Technical Vocational # Primary/ Secondary Roads Primary Secondary Tertiary All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association EDUCATION FACILITIES DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.16 SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' ., . .. 8 D 4 A s c f a p l a c B S t u a a v e t l i r p R t e 88 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.7.3 Commu Antigua and Ba services that inc churches, cemete facilities are conc are intended to primary exceptio arge extent to re and project ma community cent Barbuda. Sports and recr throughout the c used for basketb are provided with are six (6) nati volleyball, golfing existing sports a their intended cl ack basic facili ncluding many n recreation facilit playgrounds in co Recently, the Go that it intends to each parish that and Resource Ma unity Facilities rbuda are serve clude post offic eries, sports and centrated in St. J o serve Antigua n is community c eflect the distrib anagement from re with a librar reation facilities country. Many v all, netball or vo h cricket and/or onal sporting g g and track and nd recreational ientele as they a ities such as w new residential d ties and there i ommunities throu overnment of An o establish Adm will be used for anagement Zonin ed by a netwo es, community d cultural facilitie ohn's or in Codri and Barbuda r centres, which a ution of populat m the Governm ry facility is bein and playgroun villages have har lleyball and the football fields. A grounds with ba d field facilities. facilities do not are too small, in washrooms. Sev developments, d s a noticeable ughout the count ntigua and Barbu inistrative and C administrative, ng Plan for Antigu rk of communit centres, librarie es. Most of thes ington where the respectively. Th re distributed to ion. With fundin ment of China, ng constructed nds are provide rd courts that ar larger settlemen Additionally, ther asketball, netba However, man adequately serv poor condition, o veral settlement o not have publ lack of children try. uda has indicate Cultural Centres local governmen ua and Barbuda ( ty es, se ey he a ng a in ed re ts re ll, ny ve or ts, lic n's ed in nt, and cu accoun 4.7.4 Protect Antigua Service George In add numbe Bolans Willikie plannin Waters to be lo There Saints. ensurin of traff Service covera Emerge hurrica country shelter (including Redon ltural activities. nt in the SIRMZP. Protective Se tive services in a and Barbuda es. All headqua e. dition to St. Joh er of communit ; Coolidge; Docky es; and Codringto ng stage for Lon s. Further, a new ocated in the gen are three fire sta Five additional s ng a maximum of fic. It has also b e (EMS) be merge ge and efficiency ency shelters, w anes and other y. The location rs are a considera nda) This is a welcom ervices Antigua and B Defence Force, arters for these n’s, police stati ties, including A yard; Freetown; G on (Barbuda). Ne gford, Cedar Gro w penitentiary is u neral vicinity of Po ations located in stations have bee f eight (8) minute been proposed t ed with the Fire y. which have a c r events, are d n of all protectiv ation in the SIRM me proposal that i Barbuda include as well as Poli services are loc ons are located All Saints; Amer Grays Farm; Liber ew police facilitie ove, Mt. Pleasan under considerat otsworks Dam. St. John’s, Cool en proposed with es response time that the Emerge Services Division crucial rule to distributed thro ve services and ZP. is taken into e the Royal ce and Fire cated in St. d in a good rican Road; rta; Parham; es are in the nt, and Blue tion which is idge and All h the goal of e, regardless ncy Medical n to improve play during ughout the emergency S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 8 D 4 4 A r i a r c T t r c p n p a E u p c T u T t 89 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.8 Physical 4.8.1 Traffic a Antigua has app roads and 120 mi n Figure 4.18. approximately 7 roads and other t crushed corals as The network in A the island, with regions. In the construction, wh public accessibili narrow, and oft problems are com along many arter Extensive road underway includ parking in St. J construction and The Ministry of T upgrade and exp The proposed site terminal building and Resource Ma Infrastructur and Transporta proximately 443 iles (193 km) of s Road infrastru miles (11 km) o tracks in Barbuda s illustrated in Fig Antigua provides the exception e former, steep ile the presence ity in the latter en congested d mpounded by the rials. construction a ding the constru John’s, resurfac maintenance of Tourism, Civil Avi and the V.C. Bird e is located imme g and construct anagement Zonin re ation miles (713 km) secondary roads w ucture in Barb of paved (major) a are mainly mad gure 4.19. s reasonable cov of the southwe p mountain slop of a very large r r. Throughout, t uring peak trav e presence or rib and rehabilitati ction of a mult cing, new signa drains. ation and Cultur d International A ediately to the ri tion should com ng Plan for Antigu of primary ma which is illustrate uda amounts t roads. Seconda de of dirt, gravel o verage throughou est and southea pes impede roa resort estate limi the roadways ar el periods. Thes bbon developmen on projects ar i‐modal hub wit lization, and th e are preparing t irport at Coolidg ght of the existin mmence in 201 ua and Barbuda ( in ed to ry or ut st ad ts re se nt re th he to e. ng 1. Curren an art Furthe are en further buffer The Co the tow expand Point. Deep John’s infrastr suppor sea tra capacit four (4 along Radclif private Market must a V.C. Bi transhi passen (including Redon t safety and effic erial to the run r, development ncroaching on sp r expansion. For zone are provide odrington airport wn. There are d its capacity. A Water Harbou provides ructure and serv rt passenger and ansportation. Su ty is available fo 4) cruise ships t Heritage Quay ffe Quay. A e‐public waterfro t Street is expe also be given to rd Airport and th ipment point for ngers must tra nda) ciency concerns in nway, insufficien projects that are pace that may b these reasons, a ed in the SIRMZP. t in Barbuda is p plans to relocate A grass field is a ur, St. the vices to d cargo ufficient r up to to dock y, and major ont redevelopme cted to comme the efficiency of he port facility as r the Leeward Is ansfer between nclude the close nt taxing and ap e unrelated to a be needed to ac n airport expansi resently excessiv e it east of Cod also in operation nt initiative that nce shortly. Co f road linkages b s Antigua serves slands and many n modes. Indu proximity of pron space. air transport commodate ion area and vely close to rington and n at Cocoa’s t extends to onsideration between the as a freight y cruise ship ustrial and S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 9 D w c A B u s E s A a a t t i c p a t 90 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla warehousing are case to some exte An inter‐island f Barbuda Council upgrade its seap services for priva English Harbour, services should b Antigua has two and West Bus Sta are used by 351 there are 30 scho transportation sy sland with the e census indicates population to go addressed in th transportation us and Resource Ma as will ideally be ent presently. ferry system con has a project to port facility. Cu ate yachts are av the St. James Clu e considered for (2) public transp ations. Collective privately owned ool buses with a ystem provides exception on the that these ser to work. Further he SIRMZP. Figu sed by residents t anagement Zonin e located along t nnects Antigua w o construct a ne rrently, customs vailable in St. Joh ub, and Crabbs M Barbuda. portation hubs k ely these hubs se 14 and 30 seat b seating capacity reasonably good e southeast. Da rvices were used r rationalization o ure 4.17 illustra to travel to work. ng Plan for Antigu he route as is th with Barbuda. Th ew ferry jetty an s and immigratio n’s, Jolly Harbou Marina. Addition known as the Ea erve 26 routes tha buses. In additio of 22. The publ d coverage of th ata from the 200 d by 23% of th of these services ates the type o . ua and Barbuda ( he he nd on ur, al st at n, ic he 01 he is of (including Redon 12% 23% 5% 1% Figure 4.17 nda) 1% 16% 41% % Pie Chart showin Source: CSO ce 1% Wor Walk Bicyc Priva Com Publ Hire Othe ng Travel Mode t ensus 2001 rk at home k cle ate Car mpany/Government ic Transport d Transport er to Work t ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Roads Secondary Roads All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association TRANSPORTATION NETWORK DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.18 St. John's SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' ., . .. !( Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Road Secondary Roads Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association TRANSPORTATION NETWORK DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 4.19 □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 9 D 4 A w p t N a r a c a p T a p I A f m F f f i c p a 93 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.8.2 Water a Antigua and Barb with the former per annum and t the rainfall is sea November and p and March. W replenished follo are available, na country’s water activities through plants are in ope These plants pro and serve a critic potential for nega n addition to th Authority (APUA facilities: Delaps million and 600 Four (4) well fi facilities. These from ongoing hil neffective wast consideration in protect the entir are located. and Resource Ma and Wastewat buda are among t receiving an ave he later only 2.5 asonal with signi rolonged dry per While surface an wing periods of atural rainfall is demand for do hout the year. C ration in Antigua duce about two cal function desp ative environmen he desalination p A) operates tw and Bendals, wh thousand impe elds and some facilities require lside residential tewater treatm the SIRMZP sh e watershed wit anagement Zonin ter Infrastructu the driest of the erage of 3.4 ft (1 to 3 ft (750 to 9 ficant peaks in A riods often occur nd ground wat heavy rains, and s insufficient to omestic, tourist, Consequently, tw a and a third is ne thirds of the isla pite the high ope ntal effects on ma plants, the Antig wo (2) surface hich have treatme erial gallons per ten (10) reserv protection from developments, p ent in some hould be given t hin which the we ng Plan for Antigu ure Caribbean Island 1,050 mm) rainfa 900 mm). Furthe April and Octobe r between Janua er resources ar several reservoi meet all of th , and agricultur wo (2) desalinatio earing completio and’s water supp erational costs an arine resources. gua Public Utilitie water treatmen ent capacities of day respectivel voirs serve thes pollutants arisin pesticide use, an areas. Ideall to measures tha ells and reservoi ua and Barbuda ( ds all er, er‐ ry re rs he ral on n. ply nd es nt 2 y. se ng nd y, at rs Septic treatm operat facilitie designe Environ Organi private 50% of rigorou results due to proble too sm that dr Plans t discuss howev regular installe kept in 27 Prelim (including Redon tanks are the ment; although a ion and the majo es. These facilit ed and located. nmental Health I zation (PAHO) fo e sewage treatme f these were in us building regula in many facilities o inappropriate s ms are especially mall for septic ta rain in the harbou to install a sew sed and should er must be com r checks by relev ed sewage treatm n good working co minary Environmenta nda) primary means significant numb or hotels operate ies would be su However, an e nstitute (CEHI) a ound that only ent facilities were poor condition ations and desig s that contamina siting or poor co y present in St. nk use and efflu ur. wage system for be carried thr mplemented wit ant government ment systems are ondition27. l Analysis for SIRMM s of domestic ber of pit latrines private sewerag fficient if they a evaluation by the nd the Pan Ame 12% of the sev e fully operationa (1998) Further, n standards for ate surface and gr onstruction pract John’s where ma uents seep into St. John’s area rough. These ne th other activiti agencies to ensu e adequately mai M: Part I Situation Ana wastewater s are also in ge treatment are properly e Caribbean rican Health enteen (17) al and nearly the lack of septic tanks round water ices. These any lots are open drains have been ew facilities ies such as ure privately ntained and alysis S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago &< &<&< &<&< &< &<&< &<&<&< &<&< &< &< &< &<&< &<&<&< &<&<&< &<&< &< &< &< &<&<&<&< &<&< &<&< &< &<&< &< J J J J J # # # # ! COLLINS DAMBENDALS WTP BETHESDA DAM WALLINGS WTP POTWORKS RESERVOIR Ffreyes RO Plant Delaps Treatment Camp Blizzard RO Plant Bendals Treatment Plant ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend # Water Treatment Plants J Catchments &< Wells Roads Primary Secondary All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association WELLS, RESERVOIRS & DESALINATION PLANTS DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 4.20 St. John's SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' ., . .. 9 D 4 S C f w t t f p l r S T n a M a a p t 4 A p t g 95 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 4.8.3 Solid W Solid waste is di Cooks. The facil fully operational. wastes (sludge fr the facility is not that leachate is facilities require planning stage fo andfill located recently funded States (OECS) pro The Antigua and non‐profit projec a recycling facilit Management Au and Central Boar aluminium cans, programmes sho throughout the c 4.8.4 Energy Antigua and Barb petroleum prod transportation fu generates most o and Resource Ma Waste sposed of at tw ity at Cooks is p . The Burma fac rom septic tanks t lined with a ge percolating into buffer zones, s or the Cooks site. at Plantation. through an Or oject. Barbuda Waste R ct of the Rotary C ty in collaboratio uthority (NSWMA rd of Health (CBH car batteries an ould be extended ountry. buda is almost co ducts to gen uel. The Antigua of the electricity a anagement Zonin o (2) sites in An properly construc cility receives bot s) as well as haza eo‐membrane, th the soil and gr something that Barbuda also ha This state‐of‐th rganization of E Recycling Corpora Club of Antigua S on with the Nat A), the Environm H). This facility p nd some electro d and made more ompletely depen erate electricit a Public Utilities at four (4) sites in ng Plan for Antigu ntigua: Burma an cted, efficient an th solid and liqu ardous waste. A here are concern oundwater. Bot is already in th as its own sanita e‐art landfill wa Eastern Caribbea ation (ABWREC), undown, operate tional Solid Wast ment Division (ED processes plastic nic waste. Thes e readily availab ndent on importe ty and provid Authority (APUA n Antigua ‐Crabb ua and Barbuda ( nd nd id As ns th he ry as an a es te D) cs, se le ed de A) bs, Cassad compo approx distribu distribu public covera largest sales30. and pr during for the As Ant month current which remna harasse explore foreign 28 Kilovo 29 NPDP 30 GENIV 31 Green (including Redon da Gardens, Friars ound ‐ and one ximately 36.1 ution system h ution ring with grid reaches ove ge in Barbuda29. t consumer of ele . Many commerc rivate homes hav outages. APUA foreseeable futu igua and Barbud , solar energy h tly widely used was extensively nts of windmill ed. The feasibilit ed in the interes n exchange flows olt (Kv) P, 2001 VAR’S Interview wi nhouse gases (GHG nda) s Hill Road and t e (1) in Barbud MW. Recentl has been upgr 69 / 11Kv28 tran er 95% of Antigu The residential s ectricity, accounti cial enterprises, h ve generators to estimates a load ure. a have on averag has considerable to heat water. y used in colonia ls throughout t ty of both forms st of lowering GH . ith the APUA (2010 G) he West Indies O a. Their total ly, the transm aded to provid nsformer sub‐sta ua’s population, sector is estimate ing for approxima hotels, apartmen supply their ow d increase of 10% ge 268 hours of e potential and, In addition, w al times as evid the country, m of energy should HG31 emissions a 0) Oil Company capacity is mission and de a 69Kv ations. The with similar ed to be the ately 40% of t complexes wn electricity % per annum sunlight per , in fact, is wind energy, denced with ay also be d be further nd reducing S GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 9 D 96 | P a g e December 2011 CHAPTE ER 5 SPATIAL DEVELOOPMENTT SCENARRIOS 9 D 5 5 T d o i T c a o a d f 97 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 5.0 SPATI 5.1 Purpose This section of th development sce objectives of the dentified for the 1. To m 2. To liveli 3. To e 4. To im 5. To p The scenarios se country can mos and services (pub organized settlem and communicat development opt features of exist ble Island Resour IAL DEVELO he report identifie enarios to be con e Plan. The five SIRMZP are: maintain and enh foster econom ihoods; nhance liveabilit mprove accessibi romote efficient eek to provide g st effectively pro blic and private, e ments efficiently ions. It is import tion incorporates ting spatial patte ce Management OPMENT S es and evaluates nsidered in meet (5) specific goa ance ecosystem ic developmen ty; ility; and and effective go guideposts that i ovide both shelte economic, social linked by roads, tant that the cho s the most desir erns while deplo Zoning Plan for SCENARIOS alternative spati ting the goals an ls that have bee integrity; t and engagin overnance. in the future, th er for household and regulatory) transport, utilitie osen future spati rable and the be oying measures t Antigua and Barb S al nd en ng he ds in es al st to correct effects 5.1.1 The Sp been in and ec a. b. c. buda (including R t physical deve . Factors Influe patial patterns o nfluenced by geo onomic circumst The multi‐islan for intra‐island planes, passen intra‐island tra islands, Antigua The forested ar have steep sl resources, are settlements. The land distrib a large acreage policy that a subdivisions, w located and qu infrastructure. created a fle Barbudans to Redonda) elopment practic encing Current of settlement in ographic, topogr ances, including: d nature of the d movement of ger ferries and nsport nodes are a, Barbuda and Lo reas of the south lopes and very not considered s bution: in Antigua e of former suga allowed relativ which in some uite often inadeq For Barbuda, c xible policy th select the locat ces that have t Spatial Patte Antigua and Ba aphic, environm state, with its r passengers and cargo boats; th e located in the ong Island. hwest volcanic re y significant env suitable for deve a government’s o ar estate lands r ely large lot instances were quately provided ommon ownersh hat until recent tion and size of undesirable erns arbuda have ental, social requirement d goods via e dominant three main egion, which vironmental elopment of ownership of esulted in a residential e randomly d with basic hip of lands tly allowed f land they ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 9 D 98 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab wanted f land dist unified undesirab d. Concentr capital, S seat of (public a visioning undesirab inconven must trav impact t moveme e. A well de has gene has a fair in movem places to the land practices increase water, ele ble Island Resour for home buildin tribution policies and compact ble environmenta ration of service t. John’s. It is un government, ce nd private), eve exercise, partici ble effects of th ience to residen vel to the capita hat related veh nt. eveloped road sys ral inadequacies rly extensive road ment of goods a o live, but inadve d distribution p . Sprawl and lar the cost for i ectricity and com ce Management ng or farming; in s encouraged sp settlements a al impacts in som es, commerce a nderstandable th entre of comme ents and shipping ipants raised qu is level of conce nts of some rural al for even basic icular trips are stem in Antigua w in physical infras d network that a and people, wid rtently contribut olicy and resid rge lot subdivisio nstalling and m mmunications infr Zoning Plan for both islands, th rawl, discourage and resulted me cases. nd events in th at St. John’s is th erce and service g. However, in estions about th entration, and th l settlements wh c services and th having on traff which nonetheles structure. Antigu llows convenienc ens the choice o es to sprawl give ential subdivisio ons in both island maintaining road rastructure. Antigua and Barb he ed in he he es a he he ho he fic ss ua ce of en on ds ds, f. 5.1.2 In the develo subdivi northw Hodges Bird Ai parcels buda (including R Activities at m around St. Jo presence of th Antigua (St. Jo Harbours, alon locations for y impacted gro development i dredged entra underused as growth in ship activities have development in had no real im because it is un Developmen past two decad pment, resident isions has been t ward to the coa s Bay and from S irport) and Fitch s in the north ha Redonda) major Ports of E hn’s continues he major shippin ohn’s Harbour). ng with Jolly Ha achting activities owth in com in these areas. nce channel an a port of entry pping and yacht e had no maj n Parham. Simi mpact on the gro ndeveloped. nt Trends des, the major g tial and expans to the north of t astal areas of C St. John’s eastwa es Creek. A larg ve yet to be dev Entry: Developm to be influenc ng and cruise s Falmouth Harb arbour, provide s in the country mmercial and Parham Harb d relatively goo y but has the p ting activity. S or impact on larly, Barbuda’s owth of settlem growth area for sions and new the country from Crosbies, Cedar rd to Coolidge (in ge percentage of veloped, but the ment in and ced by the ship port in bour/English the central y, which has residential our with a od depth is potential for So far such settlement seaport has ments, partly commercial residential m St. John’s, Grove, and ncluding V C f residential divided lots ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 9 D s d T r 99 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab shown on recen develop. There are other residential develo • Outward evolution and villag • Ribbon d ease in undevelo settleme • Village e average villages; • Emerging activities Friar’s Hi • Emerging Falmouth generatio ble Island Resour nt 2010 aerial im areas of the cou opment is occurr expansion of St. n of satellite nei ges; development and obtaining plann oped areas or o nts; expansions and with larger lot g corridors of c within and outsi ll Road, Valley Ro g Special Centres h and Jolly H on. ce Management magery are evide untry where appr ing including: Johns City from ighbourhoods of d sprawl, spurre ning permits fo utside the boun new subdivision sizes than the commercial and ide of St. Johns, ( oad and All Saints s (Poles) such as Harbour with Zoning Plan for ence of intent t reciable growth its fringes and th f varying densitie ed by the relativ or subdivisions ndaries of existin ns being built o older sections o / or residenti (Old Parham Roa s Road); English Harbour appreciable jo Antigua and Barb to in he es ve in ng on of al d, r / ob 5.1.3 Housin within comme small p John’s residen In such individ health residen comme respon no sign use zon 5.1.4 Progre with th resourc Nation (NEMM Bay M protect buda (including R Existing Patte ng and commerc settlements. Do ercial uses mixe pockets of light i and the majo nces comprise the h areas, there a ual commercial centres and othe ntial uses. There ercial activity re nse to the deman nificant attempts nes in new reside Area Protect ss has been mad he aim to conserv ces therein. al Park (NDNP MA), Codrington Marine Reserve ( tion to the south Redonda) erns within Se e are key factor owntown St. John ed with some re ndustrial activity rity of rural se e dominant use a re no distinct co or institutional b er government fa e is evidence in p eplacing residen d for commercia s to prescribe di ential subdivision ion Initiatives de in declaring a ve or sustainably Examples includ P), Northeast M Lagoon National (CBMR). Curre hwest volcanic re ettlements rs in how space n’s is a core of pre esidential, instit y. In most other ettlements in th among building fo ommercial cores buildings (church acilities) interspe laces like English ntial use. This al space, yet there istinct commerci s. number of area y use the natural de the Nelson’ Marine Manage l Park (CLNP) and nt efforts seek egion by seeking is allocated edominantly utional and parts of St. he country, ootprints. s but rather hes, schools, ersed among h Harbour of s occurs in e have been ial or mixed as protected and historic s Dockyard ement Area d the Cades to provide to establish ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D t R n I h e m g O d n S s a 100 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab the Mount Obam Reserve to cons natural forests, nformation rece has been made efforts are unlik management res ground. One of the bene development and natural or used Since the decline spread rapidly a achievements ma • Provide which rem • Provide watershe and surfa • Provide e the quali most imp ble Island Resour ma National Park serve biodiversit and to sustai eived from EAG to propose Redo kely to achieve sources and inf efits of protecte d prevent spraw for other purp of the sugar ind across the coun ade in area prote legal protection main in governm effective legal eds that are imp ace water effective manage ity and recreatio portant beaches ce Management k (MONP), and th ty, protect the n soil and wa indicated that a onda as a prote long‐term goals rastructure are ed areas is to co wl in areas that w poses than hous ustry, residential try’s landscape. ction, the countr n for agricultura ent ownership protection to ortant to sustain ement arrangeme on value of some Zoning Plan for he Wallings Fore structure of ke ter conservatio recommendatio cted area. Thes s unless effectiv deployed on th ontain settlemen would be best le sing and industr subdivisions hav So despite th ry has failed to: al lands, most o critical areas o n yields of groun ents for sustainin e of the country Antigua and Barb st ey n. on se ve he nt eft y. ve he of of nd ng y’s • • • 5.2 A 5.2.1 The cu and pr This m develo the vis continu infrastr CHAPA Furthe would buda (including R Provide for an villages and u management i spaces as place community inte Provide for leg ecosystem and Provide legally impacts associa Alternative S Current Tren rrent trend scen ractices inherent means that plann pment will cont ioning exercise f ue to absorb ructure to home A and the Lands D r, the remaining be fragmented a Redonda) n adequate syst urban areas, w s the use and es for relaxation, erface beneficial t gal protection fo habitat importan binding regulati ated with improp patial Develo nds Scenario nario would essen to land and res ning policies favo inue; a situation felt to be unsusta the relatively es in subdivision Division in the Mi large blocks of g nd reduced in siz tem of public p where the prima enjoyment of p , leisure, contem to all age groups or wetlands of h nce ions to reduce s erly drained area opment Scena ntially allow exis ource use to con ouring large lot n that many stak ainable. Govern higher costs o s planned and e inistry of Lands a good quality agric ze, thereby jeopa parks within ary aim of public open mplation and hydrological, storm water as arios ting policies ntinue as is. low density keholders at ment would f providing executed by and Housing. cultural land ardizing food ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D s a M c r t P d p a m S m D s a r 4 N d h s c a 101 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab security initiative agricultural secto Maintaining thes concentration of residents in othe to services that c Parish or village decentralization parts of the co available at ports must be done in Saints, and V.C B most parts of the Department belie stations serving s a five (5) mile (8 reach a fire with 40 mph (64 kmph Notable shifts downtown St. Jo has helped relie shoppers with c corridors on the achieved with so ble Island Resour es and what cou or. se policies leads f government s er parts of Antigu could be selectiv level. Some s of public primar ountry. Custom s of entry but ext n St. John’s. Fire Bird International e country within a eves that ideally six (6) catchment 8 km) radius and in the catchment h). in the location ohns to areas on eve the congest onvenient and h e fringe of the ome degree of pl ce Management ld be a major re s to excessive c ervices in St. Jo ua and Barbuda vely and efficient uccess has been ry and secondary ms and immigra tension or renew e stations locate l Airport cannot acceptable respo y, Antigua should areas, each serv d allowing for a t of 7.5 minutes n of commercia Friar’s Hill and O ion in the town hassle free park capital are use lanned intervent Zoning Plan for evitalization of th centralization an ohns, and denie convenient acces ly provided at th n achieved in th y schools to othe tion services ar al of work permi d in St. Johns, A effectively servic nse time. The Fir d have six (6) fir ving an area with response time t at road speeds o al activities fro Old Parham road n while providin king. Commerci eful but are be tion to avoid long Antigua and Barb he nd es ss he he er re ts All ce re re in to of m ds ng al st g‐ term p both ro eventu motori entran additio slowing would the ma The cu residen commu that su and am sidewa St. Joh in McK poor se This sc private people transpo A revie photog buda (including R problems. In this oads, which are ually lead to slo sts. A service ce and exit point onal lanes for veh g through traffic not necessarily s ain roads. urrent trends s ntial subdivision unities” in which uch communities menities (recreat alks). Additionall n’s and village co Kinnon’s Pond a eptic treatment a cenario would als e cars in most re e/ acre density ortation. ew of the parcel graph of existing Redonda) case, numerous major arteries i ower traffic and road which is o ts may not be po hicles turning to e c, would also be olve the problem scenario will re ns continue t h there is insuffic are adequately p ion facilities, par ly, the lack of pr ores is a serious nd Dickenson Ba affects the groun so maintain the c esidential subdiv y required to map for Antigua buildings show a entrance and ex n and out of St. d major inconve often considered ossible in either c exit the main roa e extremely chal m caused by vehic einforce practice o emerge as cient effort mad provided with so rks, public space oper sewerage t pollution concern ay. Throughout nd water and cor current high dep isions, which oft sustain profita a overlaid on the a vast number of xit points on John’s, will eniences to d to reduce case. Use of ads, without lenging and cles entering es whereby “bedroom e to ensure ocial services es, adequate treatment in n, especially the country ral reefs etc. pendence on ten lack the able public 2010 aerial f vacant lots ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D w w s t a s s b T t a d o A b a o 5 D t d l s g 102 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab waiting to be bui within the next settlements such the All Saints Roa also reinforce r secondary roads served through buildings into com The current trend to land use mana and agricultural design interventio of emerging furt Although many s been declared pr attainment of objectives is lacki 5.2.2 Decentr Decentralization this scenario, la development stra and use and t settlements. M government serv ble Island Resour ilt on. The data t 1 or 2 decad as All Saints, wit ad and loss of nat ribbon developm s where efficien the consolidatio mpact settlement ds scenario also e agement that fail lands. It also fa on to areas given ther as centres o square miles of l otected, the plan environmental ing. ralization Scen is essentially the and use and e ategy that would the economic a Major emphasis vices and structu ce Management suggest that as t des, St. John’s th major implicat tural areas. Curr ment practices cy in land use on of residential ts. exemplifies a lais s to protect sens ails to provide pl n protected statu of job and busin land in Antigua a nning and manag and socio‐econ nario e opposite of cen economic policy d radically chang and social relati would be place ures that house Zoning Plan for these lots develo will merge wit tions for traffic o rent policies wou along major an would be bette l and commerci ser‐faire approac sitive natural area anning and urba s or showing sign ess opportunitie and Barbuda hav ement for realist nomic goals an tralization. Unde would foster ge the direction o ionships betwee ed on distributin them around th Antigua and Barb op th on ld nd er al ch as an ns es. ve tic nd er a of en ng he country John’s. comme John’s. A maj govern govern the be its vib culture This sc which difficul conges directly images Howev city (an govern nightlif the sce that is buda (including R y for maximum The policy wo ercial activities in jor disadvantage nment for wholes nment for provid nefits to persons rancy as the Na e, night‐life and m cenario would se is a major cause ties in the coun stion in some pa y and indirectly s in some of the ver, each country nd in particular, nment, shopping fe, dining, entert enario would be a major plank in Redonda) convenience to ould also seek t n villages and su e of this scen sale decentralizat ing social service s. It is important ational Centre f major events such erve to reduce v of existing and ntry’s capital. It arts of the capi y to existing neg economically de y, no matter how a capital city) th g, retail and o tainment and cul to strip St. John its attraction to r persons living ou to encourage inv ubdivisions as op nario is the hig tion of services. es must be balan that St. John’s do or government, h as carnival. vehicular trips to potential traffic would also hel tal that seem t gative visual an epressed parts o w small, requires hat function as th other commerci lture. A potentia n’s of some of t residents and visi utside of St. vestment in ptions to St. gh cost to The cost to nced against oes not lose commerce, o St. John’s, and parking p to relieve o be linked nd aesthetic of the town. at least one he centre of al services, al danger of the vibrancy itors. ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 5 T m i m m p s c s 103 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 5.2.3 Hierarch This scenario re modified from th n the NPDP 20 management of maintain a hiera provide social an sphere of influe country. Called scenario, it would • One (1) N hierarchy country. • Two (2) S Saints (A the entire services t • Six (6) Freetown providing agreed ra • Villages, minimum ble Island Resour hical Network epresents a spa he proposed spat 001. Under th settlements wo archy of settlem nd economic ser ence and their s the Hierarchica d result in the cou National Centre ( y, with the sph Secondary Centre ntigua). Codring e island of Barbu to the neighbour District Centres n, Willkie’s, Pa g district level ser adius. operating as th m amount of servi ce Management k of Settlement atial developmen tial development is proposal futu ould be geared ments, based on vices to commu strategic location al Network of S untry having: St. John’s); the h ere of interest es, i.e. Codrington gton’s range of in uda, while All Sai ing communities s, (i.e.Falmouth/ arham, Bolans rvices to all comm he lowest the h ices available. Zoning Plan for ts nt option that t strategy outline ure planning an to produce an their capacity t nities within the n throughout th Settlements (HN highest level in th being the entir n, Barbuda and A nfluence would b nts would provid . /English Harbou and Old Road munities within a ierarchy with th Antigua and Barb is ed nd nd to eir he S) he re All be de ur, d), an he • This sc natura have i econom Two op enterp in edu fighting beautif promo mainte Govern favoura compe tourism include or as m buda (including R Special Develo Dockyard Nat commercial ce Codrington Lag Reserve (CBMR Area (NEMMA McKinnon’s Pon cenario (Figure 5 l or man‐made a inherent values mic benefits beyo perating forces a rise; government cation (schools g, security, re fication and mai tion of public arc enance of beache nment’s role will able to private s etitiveness agains m and other indu e capitalizing on i members of priva Redonda) pment Areas (SD ional Park (ND ntre at English goon National Par R) and the North A), Jolly Harbou nd and the Barbu 5.1) recognizes t ttributes, for exa that could be ond what they co are operating he t mainly through and computer a creation faciliti ntenance of the chitecture, provis es. be in the develop sector investmen st regional and i ustries. Private investment and b ate sector organi DA); these inclu DNP), with the Harbour/Falmou rk (CLNP), Cades h East Marine M ur, St. John’s uda Seaport area. that some areas ample, seaports a e exploited for onfer at present. ere, government the provision of access centres), es, other ame public spaces a sion of space for pment of public p nt and to assist i international com sector responsib business opportu izations, such as de Nelson’s e emerging th Harbour, Bay Marine Management Waterfront, . because of and airports, social and and private key services health, fire enities and nd facilities, the arts and policy that is n sustaining mpetitors in bility should unities singly the Antigua ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago St. John's All Saint'sBolans Parham Willikies Old Road Freetown English Harbour/ Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Roads Primary Roads Secondary Roads Buildings Lakes/Ponds Settlement Hierarchy Scenarios National Centre Secondary Centre District Centre All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association SETTLEMENT HIERARCHY DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:150,000SCALE: 5.1 Codrington SCALE: 1:275,000 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles ■ ■ ■ □ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 1 D 5 T t s 105 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 5.3 Evaluatio Scenario This Section eval the Plan. The leg shown in Table 5 Table 5.1 S Excellent ble Island Resour on of Alterna os uates the three gend is shown in .1. Spatial Developm Good Mode ce Management ative Spatial scenarios agains n Table 5.1, whi ment Scenario Ra rate Fair Zoning Plan for Developmen t the goals set fo ile the ratings ar ting Legend Poor Antigua and Barb nt or re T # 1 Ma Eco 2 Fos Dev Eng Live 3 Enh 4 Imp Acc 5 Pro Effe Gov buda (including R Table 5.2 Evaluat Goals aintain/Enhance osystem Integrity ster Economic velopment & gaging elihoods hance Liveability prove cessibility omote Efficient & ective vernance Redonda) tion of Spatial De Current Trends Dec evelopment Scen Scenarios centralization S narios Hierarchy of Settlements I I I ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 5 106 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 5.3.1 Maintai a) Current T There ar situation encourag Barbuda for low d absence that defin settleme eliminate protectio environm The Cur residentia multiple the prep that the are not s accommo same tim ble Island Resour in and Enhanc Trends Scenario re two (2) majo of ribbon develo gement of the la with a preferen density over com of legal or adm ne the spatial lim nt growth within e sprawl but is on of agricultur mental areas an rrent Scenario al subdivisions b unit dwellings. D paration of the P current land use sustainable and d odating future me preserving the ce Management ce Ecosystem f or issues inheren opment and spra rge lot subdivisio nce shown by re pact settlements ministrative desig mit of settlements n designated bou s nevertheless ral lands, as w d ecosystems c not only enco but single units During the consu Plan, various sta e policies and pa do not provide a population grow vital ecosystems Zoning Plan for functions nt to the curren awl. One (1) is th on in Antigua an egulatory agencie s. The other is th gnated boundarie s. Containment o ndaries would no essential to th well as sensitiv contained therei ourages large lo in preference t ltations leading t akeholders agree tterns of land us a viable option fo wth while at th s of the country. Antigua and Barb nt he nd es he es of ot he ve n. ot to to ed se or he b) c) 5.3.2 a) buda (including R Decentralizatio By virtue of see decentralization protection of e Its ability to acc depend on me expansion with and encourage as attractive op Hierarchy of Se Similar to Dec will only be effe and III agricultu unbridled spre maintenance a mitigation and Foster Econ Livelihoods Current Trends One of the failu the failure of e economic oppo Redonda) on Scenario eking to improve n would be ex cosystem functio commodate futu easures put in p in preferred area homeowners to ptions to single fa ettlements entralization, th ective in conservi ural lands if mea ad of settlemen as natural areas biodiversity. nomic Develo s ures of current d established settle ortunities prese the organization xpected to pro ons than the Curr ure population gr place to contain as, reduce reside view multiple un mily homes. e Hierarchy of ing ecosystems a asures are taken nts in areas best , landscape, sce opment and evelopment poli ements to fully c nted by their p of land use, vide better rent Trends. owth would settlement ntial lot size nit dwellings Settlements nd Classes II to halt the t suited for enery, flood Engaging cy has been capitalize on proximity to ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 107 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab hotels an there has in Bolans Beach Ho unlikely t experienc case, the with and holiday v at Jolly H commun of reside example the poten commerc b) Decentra What is Harbour some dev has been manmad heritage opportun of yachti ble Island Resour nd other tourism s been no signific s, despite its loc otel, Jolly Harbou to change under ce of English Har economic life of d dependent on villas and cottage Harbour was dev ity and is to a la ents living in its of an integrated ntial to have a pr cial development alization happening at En occurs mainly as velopment conce n the two natura e marina basin value of Ne nities for investm ing related even ce Management m establishment cant growth in co cation less than ur, and other reso r a Current Tren rbour/Falmouth i f the community n the yachting s in the area. Th veloped as part o rge extent sustai villas, providing d mixed use dev ofound economi in the area. nglish Harbour/F s private enterpri essions. The attra al harbours in th in the latter, elson’s Dockya ment and more re nts. The econom Zoning Plan for ts. For exampl ommercial activit a mile from Jol ort activity. This nds scenario. Th s different. In th is fully integrate sector, numerou he shopping centr of the Jolly Reso ined by patronag perhaps the be velopment havin c impact on futur almouth and Jol se initiatives, wit action to investo he former and th the historic an rd, real estat ecently the stagin mic benefits fro Antigua and Barb e, ty ly is he his ed us re ort ge st ng re ly th rs he nd te ng m c) buda (including R these two area likely to continu or in a decentra Hierarchy of Se Under the Hie would provide enterprise for balance herita economic deve benefit of com policy guidanc emerge as a di Jolly Harbour, establishments creation. A M Centre will be u improve public attention will potential for liv Redonda) as for the count ue without signif alized option. ettlements erarchy of Settle the basis for cre special develo age conservation lopment in ways mmunities. Spec ce would be em istrict centre for Jolly Beach, Sug to a commer Master Plan for t updated to advan c amenities, wate be paid to the velihoods and job try are appreciat ficant change (cu ements, governm eative investmen opment areas n (built and na that can be sust cial planning, w mployed in hav St. Mary’s Paris gar Ridge and o rcial advantage the English Harb nce commercial a erfront access, e e NEMMA to m b creation. ted and are rrent trend) ment policy nt by private needing to atural) with ained to the with creative ving Bolans sh and using other resort and job bour Village activity, and etc. Special maximize its ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 5 5 T d e 108 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 5.4 Preferre 5.4.1 Suggest The suggested s determined capa expected, with th • Integrate spatial ar realistic physical d • Network improved • Promote that redu • Promote • Maintain governm resulting Centres a ble Island Resour ed Spatial Dev ted Developme cenario is Hierar acity to realize th he relevant gover e and build on rrangements and and practical development. urban, suburba d and efficient pu realistic and su uce negative ecol aesthetic and fu the vital aspects ent, commerce in decentralizing and Special Devel ce Management velopment Sc ent Scenario rchy of Settleme he goals of the P rnment support p the positive as d therefore shoul component of n and rural sett ublic transport sys ustainable devel ogical impacts. nctional quality i s of St. John’s as a e, culture and g selected key s lopment areas. Zoning Plan for cenario ents, based on i Plan. It would b policies, to: spects of existin d be considered the strategy fo lements, using a stem. lopment densitie n all communitie a vibrant centre o nightlife, whi services to Distri Antigua and Barb ts be ng a or an es s. of le ct • • 5.4.2 Succes require some c • • • buda (including R Promote varyin services, recr settlements. Sustain and in Development A Additional In s in implement e additional initia cases non‐govern Streamline de selected parts around St. John as Rural St. John Devise and imp strategy by est Shipping and Cr improve port Falmouth/Engli yachts, ferries a Provide the leg protection and Redonda) ng degrees of se eation and c crease job gene Areas and District nitiatives ing this spatial atives, involving nment organizatio evelopment of of satellite settle n’s City, within w n’s. plement a ports tablishing capaci ruise Ship ports i facilities and/ sh Harbour, Joll and appropriately gislative and ma d sustainable elf‐sufficiency in ultural events erating capacitie Centres. development sc public, private se ons (NGOs), to: commercial zo ements existing o what is defined in and harbours d ity limits for gro n St. John’s, whil /or services in ly Harbour and y sized cruise ship nagement capac use of agricult commerce, in other s in Special cenario will ector and in ones within or emerging n the Census evelopment owth at the e seeking to n Barbuda, Parham for ps. city for area tural lands, ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 5 B n T S F s D F t S f i b D y a t f 109 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab watershe diversity 5.4.3 Require Selected a) Backgrou Based on stakeho not be considered The promotion Secondary Centre Falmouth/ Engli should remain Development Ar Falmouth/English the yachting sect Socio‐economic b from the yachtin mproved throug better linkages, District Centre o yachting, recreat and villa properti three is the ex favourable to boa ble Island Resour eds, wetlands, re and other valued ements to A d Developmen und older comments, d a District Centr of Falmouth/E es was not done sh Harbour, Pa as District Ce ea status. In t h Harbour has be or, which in turn benefits to the p ng industry seem gh strategic and job and incom f Parham has un tional boating an ies within close d xistence of rea ating activities. ce Management epresentative sam d heritage resour Achieve the nt Scenario , it was decided t re as proposed in nglish Harbour e for reasons give arham and Bola entres, with de the past decade een tied substant benefits villa tou proposed District ms negligible to d creative investm me opportunities. ntapped potentia nd numerous ho distance. A com asonably well‐sh Zoning Plan for mples of biologic ces. Aims of th that Liberta wou the Draft SIRMZ and Parham a en below. Rathe ans/Jolly Harbou esignated Speci e, development o tially to growth urism. t Centre of Bolan date but could b ments that provid . The propose al to capitalize o otel, condominiu mon feature of a heltered harbou Antigua and Barb cal he ld P. as er, ur al of in ns be de ed on m all rs b) There a ‐ ‐ ‐ i. Table 5 that sh growth are pu require residen to cons increas designa culmin buda (including R Policy Initiative are three initiativ Government’s services, includ Tax and other private enterp targeted areas Land use polic urban level den made to house and District Cen Decentralizatio 5.3 provides a su hould be consid h according to th ublic and priva ements should b ntial subdivisions sumers or users ses up the settlem ated Special Dev ating with the N Redonda) es Needed ves required: policy to decent ing general office fiscal policies to rise in facilities, cy and standards nsities better suit e services in Seco ntres on of Selected Se ummary of the ty dered for variou he hierarchy of se ate sector serv be established a . The type of se of public and pr ment hierarchy o velopment Areas ational Centre ( tralize selected g es o encourage inv , services and s that encourag ted to returns on ondary, Special D rvices ype of services a us settlements t ettlements scena vices, for which at the level of v ervices and optio ivate services an of Districts (partic s), and Seconda (St. Johns) where government vestment by housing for e higher or n investment evelopment and facilities to facilitate ario. These h minimum villages and ons available nd amenities cularly those ary Centres, e population ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D d s I d S t p p p s S E S P C L D H H C M 110 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab density, consum significantly great n Antigua, the p dynamics do not Secondary Centre two Secondary positioned to gro position, connec public transporta services, and roo Services/Facilitie Education Secondary Schoo Primary School Computer Center Learning Institute Day Care Center Health Hospital Clinic Medical Center ble Island Resour mer demand an ter than in all oth population size an t appear to favo e to St. John’s, na Centres is Codr ow into a Second tion with major ation, available go m to infill or expa es l r e ce Management nd mix of serv her settlements. nd current econo our the growth o amely All Saints. rington in Barbu dary Centre beca r roads, relativel overnance, healt and. National Center *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** Table 5.3 Se Zoning Plan for vices will rema omic developmen of more than on The second of th uda. All Saints ause of its centr ly good access t th and education Secondary Ce * * * *** *** * * * ervices/Facilities Antigua and Barb in nt ne he is ral to al enter District * * * * * * = a ***= **** Suggested for Va buda (including R Center Sp Ar * * * * at least 1 service/fa = 2 or more options * = several options arious Settlemen Redonda) pecial Developme rea acility is the minim s desirable desirable/ availab nt Type ent Village Subdiv * * * mum require. ble / vision ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D S D P L C L P F G E R C T B N P P K B S 111 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab Services/Facilitie Doctor Office Pharmacy/Drugst Legal & Governa Court House Law Offices Police Station Fire Station Government offic Emergency /Disas Recreation /Ame Cricket/Football F Tennis Basketball Netball/Volley Ba Playgrounds Public Park Key/Major Comm Banks Shopping Center/ ble Island Resour es tore ance Services ce ster enities Field all mercial /Mall ce Management National Center *** *** ** **** ** ** **** * **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** Zoning Plan for Secondary Ce *** * * * * * *** *** *** *** *** *** *** * Antigua and Barb enter District * * * * * * * *** buda (including R Center Sp Ar * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * Redonda) pecial Developme rea ** ent Village Subdiv * * * * * * / vision ;:I GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D S R S G B L P O T B S F l L C c 112 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab Services/Facilitie Restaurant/Bar/C Supermarket Grocery Store Building Supply Large Store Professional Other Small Com Transport Bus Terminal Seaport Future developm ocation of the vi Liberta, and Buc Codrington, on t centre of governm ii. Tax Conc ble Island Resour es Club mercial ment of this settl llages of Sea Vie ckleys within a he other hand, i ment and comme cessions ce Management National Center **** **** **** **** **** **** **** *** * ement should a w Farm, Freeman 2.5 mile radius is an automatic c erce in Barbuda. Zoning Plan for Secondary Ce *** *** *** *** *** *** **** * lso benefit by th ns Village, Swete s from its cente choice as the so Antigua and Barb enter District * * * * **** * he es, er. le Initially in hou discoun taxes income in com Centre Such in to serv areas. buda (including R Center Sp Ar ** ** ** ** ** ** * * y, government m sing and comme nts on taxes for d on construction e. This policy cou mmercial and hou s, including tho ncentives would b vices and housing Redonda) pecial Developme rea *** *** *** ** *** *** ay need to provi ercial activities i developed proper n material, and uld also be appli using enterprises se labelled as S be granted in see g for residents o ent Village Subdiv * * * *** de incentives for in All Saints in t rties, waivers on on taxes from ed to incentivize s in Codrington, Special Developm eking to improve r potential reside / vision r investment the form of import duty m corporate e investment and District ment Areas. accessibility ents of such ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D T C i m o a f r d u o d d i 113 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab iii. Land Use The right policy Centres and Dist n the developm mixed use zones outlined in area achieve agreed u floor levels and ratio, building to development of under considerat other areas will b development sce designed to inclu nfrastructure pro ble Island Resour e Policy and Stand interventions wi rict Centres with ment of emergin within their bou plans, in which urban level densit building height, sidewalk setback the English Ha tion by the Nati be important in a enario. The scop ude identification ojects. ce Management dards ll be required to h Special Develop g or planned co undaries. Such h specific minim ties will be deter plot and site co k, and parking. A rbour Village Ce ional Parks Auth chieving the aim pe of work for ea n and costing of p Zoning Plan for o assist Seconda pment Area statu ommercial and/o policies should b mum standards t rmined for lot siz verage, floor are A draft Plan for th entre is current hority. Plans fo s of the suggeste ach plan should b physical and soci Antigua and Barb ry us or be to e, ea he tly or ed be al buda (including RRedonda) ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D 114 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab CHAPTE ble Island Resour ER 6 ce Management Zoning Plan for PHYSICA Antigua and Barb AL DEVE buda (including R LOPMEN Redonda) NT PLAN 1 D 6 6 T i s T p L 6 6 T r a e S i r s i w B 115 | P a g e December 2011 Draft Sustainab 6.0 PHYS 6.1 Introduc The spatial dimen n this section of socio‐economic a To this end, at presented in Ch Livelihoods, Livea 6.2 Environm 6.2.1 Ecologic The integrity of regional and nati and these are ecosystems. This States (SIDS) wh nhibit the effect remedial measur stocks, ground w n the tourism ind with by the gove Barbuda. By en ble Island Resour ICAL DEVE ction nsions of this SIRM f the report, stri and physical deve tention is given hapter 2: Enviro ability, Accessibili mental Qualit cal Integrity ecological syste onal plans as all most efficient s is especially th ere the effects o iveness of natura res. Issues such a ater contaminati dustry and a myr ernment and in suring that ecol ce Management ELOPMENT MZP, which are f ve to provide a elopment of Ant n to each of t onmental Qualit ity, and Governan ty ems must be giv life depends on e tly provided in e case for Small of even small sc al systems may l as storm surges, ion, loss of coral iad of other issue turn the residen ogical systems a Zoning Plan for T PLAN formally presente solid base for th igua and Barbud he primary goa ty, Economy an nce. ven priority in a ecological service well‐functionin Island Developin cale activities tha ead to very cost the decline in fis reefs, fluctuation es have to be dea nts of Antigua an are maintained o Antigua and Barb ed he a. als nd all es ng ng at tly sh ns alt nd or enhanc develo Particu grass b other interre manne their n resourc of the manag hiking, of the contrib country One ef is to us zones t “Ridge 7.2.1 o Policies Project and En plannin buda (including R ced, Antigua and p its economy an ular attention mu beds, mangrove water bodies. elated and there er. As a general p natural state and ce extraction, or ese areas offer ged recreational and zip lines. In ese areas not o butes to the ec y. ffective way to en se the boundarie to serve as plann to Reef Plannin of Chapter 7: La s. This is similar t t” strategy that nvironment have ng approach facil Redonda) d Barbuda will ha nd liveability. ust be given to th areas, forest c All of these e efore must be t principle, these a d not used for a human settleme outstanding se activity such as n this way, prese only provides e conomy, liveliho nsure that natura s of natural wate ing and developm ng Units”, as fu and Use Policies to the “SIRMM R the Ministry of e put forward. itates the analys ave a solid base he health of cora cover, wetlands, ecological comp reated in a com areas should be p griculture, inten ent. At the same ttings for educ s skin diving, sc rving the ecologi cological service ods, and liveab al systems are we ersheds and adja ment control unit rther elaborated s and Developm Ridge to Reef Dem Agriculture, Lan Further, a “Ridg is of the downstr on which to al reefs, sea rivers, and ponents are mprehensive preserved in sive fishing, time, many ational and cuba diving, ical integrity es but also bility of the ell managed cent coastal ts, known as d in Section ent Control monstration ds, Housing ge to Reef” ream effects ~ GENIVAR Trinidad & Tobago 1 D o f d s F w o c a c A i E a c P ( A s 116 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla of development framework for th designed to man services. Figures 6.1 and watersheds for A of the watershed complex hydrolog areas with salt w clearly identify w Antigua, it is re dentified as a pla Existing protecte areas have alrea cultural environm Plans are also u (MONP) and crea Another area w should be protect and Resource Ma t projects and he installation of nage drainage a 6.2 illustrate th Antigua and Barb ds could not be gical system whic water intrusion, h water courses a ecommended th anning unit. d areas are show dy been recogni ments, they have nderway to dec ate a Wallings For which due to its ted is the entire i anagement Zonin provides an gravity‐based inf and provide wat he topography, w uda. Unfortunate produced for Ba ch includes exten as not been suff and watersheds. hat each of the wn in Figures 6.3 ized as importan e been incorpora lare Mount Oba rest Conservation s environmental island of Redond ng Plan for Antigu excellent spati frastructure that ter and sewerag watercourses, an ely, a reliable ma arbuda as its ve nsive low‐lying fla ficiently studied t In the case o e watersheds b and 6.4. As thes nt biophysical an ted into this Pla ama National Pa n Area (WFCA). importance an a. ua and Barbuda ( al is ge nd ap ry at to of be se nd n. rk nd (including Redonnda) GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Watersheds Lakes/ Ponds Rivers Elevation (ft) 0 - 100 100 - 200 200 - 300 300 - 400 400 - 500 500 - 600 600 - 700 700 - 800 800 - 900 900 - 1000 1000 - 1100 1100 - 1200 1200 - 1300 All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association NATURAL FEATURES DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.1 SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' D ------------- !( 5 25 30 35 45 40 1 15 20 10 25 35 40 45 30 50 65 60 55 5 65 60 15 10 20 50 55 Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Contour Contours (ft) Rivers Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association NATURAL FEATURES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 6.2 □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' #* #* #* #* #* #* #* ! !( !( !( !( !( !( Fort Barrington Greencastle Devil's Bridge Long Island Great Bird Islets Corbinson's Point Guiana Bay Islands Wallings Woodlands Boggy Creek to Darkwood Green Island to Indian Point Long Bay Park Nelson's Dockyard Cades Bay Marine Reserve English Harbor Public Park Northeast Marine Management Area Diamond Reef and Salt Fish Tail Reef Mount Obama ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Proposed Protected Areas Proposed Protected Areas National Parks Mount Obama (Prop.) Lakes/ Ponds All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association EXISTING & PROPOSED PROTECTED AREAS DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:150,000SCALE: 6.3 Tropical Ecosystems Consulting, 2010 !( Antigua Existing Protected Areas #* EAG Prop. Protected Areas Existing Protected Areas Bounds APUA Proposed St. John's I I I I I .I ·--------------- I •••••••••••••• ·--- D ,. ... , ., -D SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' !( Palaster Reef Highlands Cliffs and Caves Reserve Goat Island Wildlife Reserve Bull Hole Wetland Reserve Gravenor Bay Reserve Frigate Bird Reserve Palmetto Point Reserve Castle Bay Salt Pond Reserve Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend CLNP Boundary Proposed Protected Areas Rivers Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association EXISTING PROTECTED AREAS & ENVIRONMENTAL RESERVES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:130,000SCALE: 6.4 G2J I•• ·--· □ □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D A E c i s D 121 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla A recent study o Ecosystems Con consultations w dentification of some of which ar Dockyard Nation Component Existing protected 1 Bioqu 2 Mang 3 Wetla 4 Surfa wate 5 Wate 6 Sea g 7 Beach 8 Reefs and Resource Ma of critical ecolog nsulting for th with local stak areas of high bio re within already nal Park. In ad Phy d areas. Mai area uality Pres with grove Con surg ands Con ce fresh r bodies Mai ersheds Soil rass Con hes Mai turt s Con anagement Zonin gical areas comp he Environmen eholders has oquality that sho designated areas dition, environm ysical Planning O intain integrity of as. serve ecosystem h high bioquality. nserve fringe man ge protection). nserve wetlands. intain quality of su and water conserv nserve sea grass be intain beach ec tle habitat. nserve coastal reefs Table 6 ng Plan for Antigu pleted by Tropic t Division, plu resulted in th ould be protecte s, such as Nelson mentally sensitiv Objective f existing protect Critical E functions in are grove (fisheries, s rface fresh water. vation. eds. cosystem, includ s. 6.1 Land Use Suit ua and Barbuda ( al us he d, n’s ve develo mangro plannin suitabi compo Planning Pr ted Maintain des Environmental Ar eas Prohibit deve sea Restrict dev mangrove cle Restrict deve Restrict deve maintain na development Restrict dev submission o Restrict mar related deve ing Prohibit deve that may affe Prohibit dev activities. tability Model: E (including Redon pment standard ove, wetland, b ng objectives an lity are presented onent are illustrat rinciples signated natural an reas elopment in design elopment in exis earance. elopment of wetlan elopment within tural filtration. R t approval. velopment in high of clearance and dr rine activities in s lopment projects. elopment on beac ect beach ecology. velopment on co cological Integrit nda) ds are required each, sea grass nd the decision d in Table 6.1, w ted in Figures 6.3 nd historic areas in nated areas. ting mangrove ar nds. Require an EIA 65.6 ft (20m) of equire submission her elevations of rainage plans. ea grass areas. R hes and in adjacen oastal reefs, mai ty along river cou and coral reef rules used in th hile the spatial lim and 6.4. accordance with t reas. Require an A for all wetland de water courses an n of filtration pla f major watershe Require an EIA for nt marine and terr ntain surveillance rses and in areas. The he land use mits of each the law. EIA for all evelopment. nd ponds to ans prior to ds. Require r all marine estrial areas e of diving GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 6 T o f s p I e o 122 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.2.2 Environ The degree of ri on several facto flooding, exposur subject to storm presented in Tab n general, deve excessive slopes, or flooding. How Component 1 Slope 2 Elevation 3 Erosion risk 4 Flooding 5 Hurricane risk (buildings) 6 Hurricane risk (natural area) 7 Climate chang and Resource Ma nmental Risk sk associated wi rs including exce re to hurricanes m surges or rising le 6.2 and illustra lopment should and areas prone wever, in some c Physical Minimize Minimize surge ove Minimize Minimize k Minimize k Minimize ge Climate c anagement Zonin th development essive slopes, er and low elevatio g sea level. The ated in Figure 6.5 be prohibited o e to a high degree cases developme Planning Objecti risk of land slippag risk of damage du er next 100 years. risk of erosion. risk of flooding. damage from hurr damage from hurr hange adaptation. Table 6 ng Plan for Antigu projects depend rosion propensit ons which may b ese conditions ar . n low‐lying area e or risk of erosio ent in these area ive Plan ge. Rest e to sea Proh Rest Rest drain ricanes. Hurr atte ricanes. Rest Build 6.2 Land Use Suit ua and Barbuda ( ds ty, be re as, on as may b implem approv submit With th are les areas i SIRMZP zone w plans p nning Principles trict development o hibit development trict development i trict development w nage plan that is fu ricane resistant bu ntion to sea front p trict development i ding setback from tability Model: E (including Redon be acceptable mented. Conseq val process that tted for approval he exception of t ss than 9.8 ft (3 illustrated in Fig P. Rather, they p within which they prepared. on slopes greater t on lands less than in areas with erosio within areas subjec ully consistent with ilding guidelines sh properties on the e in natural areas pro beaches, coastline Environmental Ri nda) providing prop quently, some fle takes into cons is required. the prohibition of m) above sea le gure 6.5 are not pose additional c fall and these ris than 20%. 9.8ft (3m) elevatio on risk greater tha ct to frequent flood h drainage plan for hould be applied th east coast. one to hurricanes. s, minimum groun sk per design me exibility in the d sideration the sp f development o evel, the environ exclusive zones constraints regar sks must be addr on. n 3 on soil map. ding. Require com the local watershe hroughout country d floor elevation. easures are evelopment pecific plans n areas that nmental risk s within the rdless of the ressed in the mprehensive ed. . Special GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago ! ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Lakes/Ponds Flood Risk (Hazard Rank) Moderate High Very high Risk of Erosion High Very High Slope (%) 0.00 - 10.00 10.00 - 20.00 20.02 - 30.00 30.02 - 40.00 40.03 - 50.00 50.00 - 60.00 60.15 - 70.00 70.08 - 80.00 90.00 - 100.00 All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ENVIRONMENTAL RISK & AREAS DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.5 St. John's .............. ( V, ;. -a.~r , \ . ~ i ,.,,,, -D BI ----------- SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 1 D 6 A e i t a a t t c p a a h t W c c a c t g a a l C 124 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.2.3 Environ Antigua and Bar environmental re ndigenous peopl the colonial perio and grazing lands are many historic that is vital to t tourists. Howev currently under projects that ha agricultural lands and degraded th have affected the the coral reefs. While all of these consideration to critical to the appropriate man contribute to the the substantial t government own agricultural lands a relatively short arge plots of con Class II or III zone and Resource Ma nmental Resou buda have very esources that su les and played a od. These resou s, fishing grounds cal buildings and the local commu ver, many terres threat from hap ve created spra s, rendered bea he landscape. Si e viability of the e issues require a the protection food self‐suffici nagement and e local economy, trade imbalance ns a substantial s it is possible to t course of time ntiguous governm e be dedicated to anagement Zonin urces significant mari ustained the ear central role in th urces include: bea s, and quarries. sites that offer a unity and are of trial environmen phazard, low‐den awl and fragmen ches vulnerable milarly, pollution fishing industry attention, this SIR agricultural land ency of the co production polic provide employ concerning foo l amount of the achieve remarka . It is proposed ment land that ar o agriculture. Sim ng Plan for Antigu ne and terrestri rly settlements o he economy durin aches, agricultur In addition, ther a cultural resourc f great interest t ntal resources ar nsity developmen nted good qualit to storm surge n and over‐fishin and the quality o RMZP gives speci s as this sector ountry and, wit cies, may great yment, and reduc d stocks. As th e Class II and able progress ove d that virtually a re located within milarly, large trac ua and Barbuda ( al of ng ral re ce to re nt ty es, ng of al is th tly ce he III er all a ts of gov should that ar be earm Agricul Govern 1. 2. 3. All of t farms a produc particip conside integra schools The po develo leased cooper the lan (including Redon vernment land th be dedicated to re currently cultiv marked for agricu ltural and grazi nment may be eff . Sufficient food . Fresh fruits, ve demand by the quality and qu market. . Niche agricult international m this will require a and careful atten ction, processing, pants in the foo er their activity a ated approach to s. olicy may be imp ping state produ to individual fa ratives that targe nd continues to se nda) hat are located o grazing. In add vated or are with ulture. ng land that is fectively used to is produced for t egetables, and s e tourism industr uantity to serve ural products t market are develo a ramping up of t ntion to all phase , marketing, deli od cycle process as an integral part o agriculture sho lemented by dire uction facilities. armers who agre et particular food erve the country’ within Class IV dition, private la hin Class II or III z s presently own ensure that: he local populati speciality foods ry are produced a large proport that are target ped. the capacity of e es of the food cyc vering, and com s should be enc t of the overall p ould be reinforce ectly employing f Alternatively, lan ee to participate d objectives. To ’s agricultural nee or V zones and holdings ones should ned by the on. that are in in sufficient tion of that ted to the xperimental cle including posting. All couraged to rocess. This ed in public farmers and nd could be e in farming ensure that eds over the GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D l e T w i e c t c 125 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla ong term, it is i erected on the la The limited amou water intrusion i mpractical. Ho economy and pro construction of a the resolve that s considered a criti Component 1 Beaches 2 Agriculture (private) 3 Agriculture (public) 4 Grazing 5 Fishing and Resource Ma important that n nd, whether or n unt of cultivable in many areas re wever, fishing i ovides a livelihoo a fish processing should be mainta ical environment Physical Maintain e public acce Encourage Promote f production Encourage environme Maintain p anagement Zonin no privately‐own not it is leased. land in Barbuda enders a similar s a key compo od to many resid and packing pla ained to ensure t tal resource. Furt Table 6.3 Planning Objec ecological function ess. e agriculture on hig food security and c n and processing. e grazing in suitable ental damage. productive fishing ng Plan for Antigu ned structures ar coupled with sa agricultural polic nent of the loc dents. The recen ant is indicative o that fish stocks ar ther, the relative Land Use Suitabi ctive n, aesthetics, comfo gh quality lands. competitive food e areas, minimize industry. ua and Barbuda ( re alt cy al nt of re ely small couple signific are of careful The environ spatial represe ility Model: Envir Planning P ort, Prohibit deve facilities. Restrict use o Initiate natio Crown Lands Restrict graz designated a Restrict use o that exist wit demarcated fishing seaso (including Redon population, whi d with the pub cant opportunitie great interest t lly managed to en physical plann nmental resourc extent of the l ented in Figures 6 ronmental Resou Principles elopment in beach on Class II and III la onal farm programm s. ing to class 4&5 lan and managed areas of fishing grounds. thin protected area where fishing is al ons nda) ch is largely co blic ownership o es to capitalize o o the tourism in nsure their long‐t ing implication e policy are out ands to be ded 6.6 and 6.7. urces h areas, maintain p ands. mes on Class II or I nds, require fencin s of Crown Land. The EAG also reco as should be zoned lowed as well as th oncentrated in of the entire is on ecological res ndustry. These term viability. ns of a com lined in Table 6. icated to these ublic access, and p II agricultural lands ng. Provide grazing ommended that fis d with areas clearly he identification of Codrington, land, offers sources that need to be mprehensive .3 while the purposes is provide s that are g areas in shing sites y f specific GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 126 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component 6 Quarrying 7 Sand mining 8 Historical, cultural landmarks, s and Resource Ma Physical Minimize d views. g Minimize e sites Maintain s landmarks anagement Zonin Planning Objec disruption (noise, d environmental dam significant historica s and sites. ng Plan for Antigu ctive dust) & damage to mage. al & cultural ua and Barbuda ( Planning P Locate quarr settlements, cannot be m effects are m Regulate san Restrict deve sea (obtain m (including Redon Principles ries and other reso scenic areas, requ et, a requirement minimised. nd mining; require elopment of design map of designated nda) urce extractive ind uire management p must be to ensure EIAs and a manage nated buildings and building, areas). dustries away from plan. If all these pr any resulting pote ement plan. d sites, maintain vi m rinciples ential health ews of the GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Secondary Roads Environment Resources Agriculture Agriculture Crown Grazing Grazing Crown Heritage Resource Extraction Water All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ENVIRONMETAL RESOURCE AREAS DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.6 ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' !( Palaster Reef Highlands Cliffs and Caves Reserve Goat Island Wildlife Reserve Bull Hole Wetland Reserve Gravenor Bay Reserve Frigate Bird Reserve Palmetto Point Reserve Castle Bay Salt Pond Reserve Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Rivers CLNP Boundary Protected Area Reserves Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon Agriculture Algal Community (Frigate Bird) Coral Outcrops Escarpment Cliff Woodland Reserve Highlands Woodland Palaster Reef Inland Mangroves Marine Protected Areas All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE AREAS DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:130,000SCALE: 6.7-. #~ # ~~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ' I ~ ~ I I I I I I I I I I -' I • • • • • • • • • • • •• .-- ·--· .-- ·--· □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D 6 6 I f c o i a o i a A m r r a s P T h a p e f 129 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.3 Economy 6.3.1 Tourism n recent years, t for Antigua and country be posit opportunities as t n the SIRMZP b attractive for diff one form or anot t is advantageou are specifically ta All‐inclusive reso most often is con recreational facil resorts are very p although there southwest coasts Point Lodge, Ligh The maximum ar hotel should be approximately th public access to exceeding 0.6 mi future projects a and Resource Ma y and Liveliho m tourism has beco Barbuda. Cons ioned to respon they evolve over by designating t ferent tourism‐re ther essentially ta us for the indust argeted. ort hotels essent ntiguous with a ity such as a priv prominent along are many indiv s. Barbuda has thouse Bay Reso rea of land that i e limited to le e area occupied the beach sho ile (1 km). These and to evaluate anagement Zonin oods ome the primary equently, it is im d to internationa time. This has b tourism zones th elated activities. akes place over m ry if there are d ially privatize a beach, outstandi vate golf course. Dickenson’s Bay vidual resorts o only three (3) s rt and North Bea is effectively priv ess than 50 ac by the Jolly Beac ould be provided e guidelines shou any redevelopm ng Plan for Antigu y economic moto mportant that th al tourism marke been accomplishe hat are especial While tourism most of the island iscrete zones tha tract of land tha ing sea views or . In Antigua, thes and Jolly Harbou on the west an such resorts, Coc ch. vatized by a reso cres (20 ha), o h Resort. Furthe d at intervals no uld be used for a ment proposals fo ua and Barbuda ( or he et ed ly in ds, at at a se ur, nd co ort or er, ot all or existing in Antig Provisi presen and to the ad develo District that “U those w access Ecotou the lo conduc careful Villas a settlem exclusi and th public Falmou interna designa service (including Redon g projects, such a gua. on has been ma t location as it is urism opportuni djacent shopping ped to improve t and most espec Universal design with mobility res to public space, s urism, which prom ocal biophysical cted throughout lly managed in ec and cottages ma ment zone. Grou ve “gated comm heir total contigu should not excee uth and Englis ational yachting ated as a yachtin es and industries nda) as the K‐Club in B ade to continue t ideally situated w ties in St. John’s g area of St. Jo its integration cially the pedestr ”, which ensure trictions or whee should be used t motes a form of , social, cultur t both islands. cologically sensiti ay also occur in ps of villas or co unity” should be uous land area t ed 50 acres (20 ha h Harbour hav destination. Th ng centre with pr . The Plan also Barbuda or the M the cruise ship f with respect to t s. An urban des ohn’s, however, within the Cent ian environment es that all peopl eling baby carriag hroughout. tourism that is r ral environment Nonetheless, ive areas. n any designated ttages that are lo e located in desig that is not avail a). ve emerged a his area should rovision made for proposes the cre Mill Reef Club facility in its he shopping sign plan for should be ral Business . It is critical e, including ges have full respectful of t, may be it must be d tourist or ocated in an gnated areas lable to the s a major be officially r supporting eation of an GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D a w S s 130 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla attractive yachtin with appropriate Sailing Week and special annual ev Component 1 Resort hotel sun) 2 Cruise ships 3 Ecotourism 4 Villas, cottag 5 Activity base 6 Special even Carnival, Sai and Resource Ma ng facility in Bar commercial and d Carnival are tw vents that attrac Ph Ob s (sea, sand, Pro op ho Ma shi En thr sus ges En res cot ed: Yachting En ind nt based: ling Week En anagement Zonin buda near to th tourist facilities a wo (2) examples o t great interest f T hysical Planning bjective ovide competitive pportunities for res otels. aximize return from ip visitors. sure that tourism roughout most of i stainable. courage developm sident owned villas ttages. courage activities a dustries relating to courage special ev ng Plan for Antigu e present seapo along the shore. of very successfu from internation Table 6.4 Land Us g Plann ort Design and b m cruise Provid integr slands is Enhan provid ment of s and Facilit and o yachting. Design vents. Identi ua and Barbuda ( ort ul, al visitors venues require smooth se Suitability Mo ning Principles nate intensive tour eaches (min 1km in de agreeable walki ration between St. nce walking trails, m ding explanations. tate property inspe nate Falmouth reg fy key special even (including Redon s and locals alike s, routes, gues ements are req hly. del: Tourism rism zones (max 20 nterval). ng environment w John’s CBD and th marine tours, enlist ection, rating, and l ion as a yachting c nts; prepare event nda) . Plans that take st accommodat quired to ensur 0h). Ensure adequa ith shops in harbou e cruise ship termi t community suppo listing. entre, encourage r regulations that al e into considerat tion, and spec re that these ate public access to ur, day trips to site inal. ort in maintaining related services an low appropriate us ion meeting cial service events run o facilities es. Improve trails and d industries. se of space. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Secondary Roads Environment Resources Land Use Airport Cruise Ship Facility Heritage/ Historic Ports & Marinas Resort Hotel Shopping Multiplex Tourism Activity Area Villas & Cottages All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association MAJOR TOURISM FACILITIES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.8 ., . .. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ~ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' !( Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Road Secondary Roads Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon Airport Ports and Marinas Resort Hotels Tourism Activity Area All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association MAJOR TOURISM FACILITIES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 6.9 □ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 1 D 6 T a a C t s t r s s c S p c i o G s o h R p a 133 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.3.2 Retail, S The spatial requi activities are pre and 6.11. Convenience goo towns and villag stores that sell c traffic or parki residential areas should be made settlements or sh convenience goo Specialized trade permitted to ope clientele they ser n the Jolly Harbo of such services w Government ser settlements. The on the level of hierarchy identifi Resource‐based proximity to ke agricultural fields and Resource Ma Services, and I rements for reta esented in Table ods and services ges throughout t convenience item ng requirement s. Major or sp available at store hopping centres. ds, as well as, loc es, such as thos erate in designat rve. In particular our and Falmouth within residential rvices should be e range of servic f that settlemen ed in Section 5. industries gene ey nodes such s. These needs anagement Zonin ndustry ail, service, and i 6.5 and illustrat s should be rea the country. Co ms and do not g ts should be pecialized purcha es located within Major tourist ce cal arts and crafts e relating to ya ed zones in close r, such areas sho h Harbour areas. areas should be e available in th ces made availab nt within the o erally require f as fishing por should be acco ng Plan for Antigu ndustrial land us ed in Figures 6.1 adily accessible onsequently, sma generate excessiv permitted with ases and service n the core areas o entres should hav s nearby. chting, should b e proximity to th ould be designate The developmen discouraged. he core areas o ble should depen overall settlemen facilities in clos rts, quarries an mmodated to th ua and Barbuda ( se 10 in all ve in es of ve be he ed nt of nd nt se nd he extent advers Proxim conside manufa (including Redon that the activitie e impacts on sett mity to the airpor eration in the acturing activities nda) es associated wi tlement areas. rt, port, and roa designation of s. th the facilities d ad network shou sites for wareh do not have uld be a key housing and GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 134 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component Retail 1 Tourist rela 2 Convenien goods 3 Major purc Services 1 Personal 2 Trade (e.g. yachting) 3 Profession 4 Governme and Resource Ma Physica ated Promote conveni nce Minimiz demand chases Promote areas. Minimiz demand . Ensure a availabl activity al Ensure p located ent Ensure t adminis readily a anagement Zonin Table 6.5 La al Planning Objec e international reta ient locations for to ze transportation d, maximize conven e shopping streets ze transportation d, maximize conven associated services e in proximity to sp areas professional servic in appropriate are that regular strative services are accessible. ng Plan for Antigu and Use Suitabili ctive Plannin ail at ourists. Designat nience. Designat and Designat nience. Permit p services areas. s are pecial Permit tr services areas. ces are eas. Permit p services areas. e Decentra ua and Barbuda ( ity Model: Retail g Principles te tourist shopping te convenience sho te shopping centre personal services in do not conflict wit rade services in ind do not conflict wit professional service do not conflict wit alize government s (including Redon , Services and Ind g areas in St. John’s opping areas within locations. n individual dwellin th residential uses. dividual dwellings p th residential uses. es in individual dwe th residential uses. services to regional nda) dustry s and Jolly Harbour n or near all comm gs providing the na Locate larger scal providing the natur Locate larger scal ellings providing th Locate larger scal l centres. r. unities. ature, and intensit e services in comm re, and intensity of e services in comm he nature, and inte e services in comm y of the mercial f the mercial nsity of the mercial GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 135 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component Industry, Wareh 1 Warehous 2 Resource‐b (agricultur fisheries) 3 Manufactu and Resource Ma Physica housing ing Minimiz demand based e, Ensure a facilities resource uring Minimiz maximiz industri anagement Zonin al Planning Objec ze transportation d and land use conf adequate processin s are in close proxi e‐based industries ze land use conflict ze proximity to rela es and services. ng Plan for Antigu ctive Plannin flicts. Designat Ensure g industria ng mity to . Permit st located i activities ts; ated Restrict m system. ua and Barbuda ( g Principles te warehousing are good access to road al areas. torage and process n close proximity t s does not create la manufacturing act (including Redon eas around the airp d network and min sing facilities assoc to related activities and use conflicts. ivities to industrial nda) port, port, Jolly Har imal visual, sound, ciated with resourc s providing the nat parks near the po rbour and Falmout , or contamination ce‐based industries ture and intensity o rt, airport, and hig th Harbour. in non s to be of these ghway GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Secondary Roads Retail Services & Industries Airport Compact Settlement Heavy Industrial Landfill Light Industrial Ports & Marinas Villas & Cottages All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association RETAIL SERVICES & INDUSTRIES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.10 ■ □ ■ ■ □ ■ ~ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' !( Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Road Secondary Roads Retail Services & Industries Airport Core Mixed Use Landfill Light Industrial Ports and Marinas Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association RETAIL SERVICES & INDUSTRIES DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 6.11 ■ ~ □ ■ □ □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D 6 T a a f s s T s m T e a A s c g a c R p s N e 138 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.4 Liveabili The liveability of any development and convenient functional and settings and urb sense of belongin This SIRMZP enc settlement areas mixed use and d The intent is to ensuring that re attractive environ All settlement ar supplied with communication greatest expansio access to gover country. Recent subdivisio provision should straightforward i No new subdivisi expansion areas. and Resource Ma ty f an environmen t plan. Settleme environment f aesthetic consid ban design affec ng of individual re courages the de s. While taken density would be offer choice in esidents have th nment. eas should be lo water, sewerag services. Furth on areas should b nment and com ons that are not w d be relocated n instances wher ions should be a Within these are anagement Zonin t is clearly a key nts should provid for all of socie derations such a ct the convenien esidents. esignation of co into considerati greater in core n housing type a he services they cated in areas th ge, sanitary an her, larger settl be strategically lo mmercial service well located with if possible. re buildings have pproved outside eas, development ng Plan for Antigu y consideration de a healthy, saf ty. In additio as the landscap nce, pleasure an re and expansio on in both case settlement area and density whi y need within a hat may be readi d electrical an ements with th ocated to facilitat s throughout th respect to servic This is relative not been erecte of the settlemen t should be stage ua and Barbuda ( in e, n, pe nd on es, as. le an ly nd he te he ce ely d. nt ed to ens provide Table 6 be app of thes for this local p designa in Figu (including Redon sure that servi ed. 6.6 indicates som plied when locati se principles are s SIRMZP. Othe lans and the rev ated as core and re 6.12. nda) ces can be ef me of the key pla ng and building c embedded in the rs are intended iew of developm d expansion sett fficiently and e anning principles cohesive settlem e zoning guidelin to guide the pre ment applications lement zones ar economically that should ents. Some es prepared eparation of s. The areas e illustrated GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 3 139 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component Vitality 1 Water supply 2 Sewera 3 Sanitat 4 Safety 5 Crime Function 1 Walkin enviro 2 Comm service 32 OECS Building Code and Resource Ma Physical Objectiv y Ensure ad supply. age Ensure pr treatmen tion Ensure ad treatmen and toxic Ensure ad with resp transport buildings Minimize ng nment Encourag and othe transport unity es Ensure th services a e – Antigua and Barb anagement Zonin Ta Planning ve dequate water roper sewerage nt. dequate nt of solid, liquid, c wastes. dequate safety pect to tation and . e risk of crime. ge pedestrian r active tation modes. hat community are accessible. buda ng Plan for Antigu able 6.6 Land Use Planning Princip Piped in‐house dr wells may be used All core settlemen toilets may be use All wastes should be encouraged. Sidewalks should network should b construction. Urban design mea lighting in settlem Provide sidewalks development. Ensure that local ua and Barbuda ( e Suitability Mod ples rinking water shou d. Rainwater shou nt areas should be ed in settlement ex be directed towar be provided in cor be clear and approp asures should ensu ments. Neighbourh s in core settlemen plans include prov (including Redon del: Liveability ld be available with ld be collected for serviced with a sew xpansion, rural, an rd an appropriate d re settlement areas priate. Building cod ure that there are " hood watch progra nt areas no less tha ision for the full ra nda) hin all designated s purposes other th werage system. Se d resort areas. disposal site. Recyc s. Signage and sign des must be follow "eyes on the road" mmes should be e an 5’0” wide32. Enc nge of community settlements. In rur han drinking. eptic tanks and com cling and composti nalization along the wed for new and re , visual clarity, and ncouraged. courage mixed use y services. al areas, mposting ing should e road enovated d adequate GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 140 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component 3 Public 4 Access Attractiveness 1 Landscap setting 2 Entrances 3 City and v centres 4 Distinctiv and Resource Ma Physical Objectiv space Encourag commun sibility Minimize transport pe Preserve quality of s Ensure en settlemen attractive village Attract re settlemen ve Encourag commun anagement Zonin Planning ve ge a sense of ity. e the tation demand. and enhance f the landscape ntrances to nts are e esidents to core nt areas. ge a sense of ity. ng Plan for Antigu Planning Princip Provide well main Promote proximit Consider view cor Review signage. E Provide public spa Ensure distinctive and cultural histo ua and Barbuda ( ples ntained public spac ty planning with m rridors in designati Encourage distinct ace with street fur e signage, architect ry of the settlemen (including Redon ces within core sett ixed use and differ ng settlement area ive signs for each s niture. ture, and urban for nt. nda) tlement areas. rent density levels as and individual la settlement and par rm that relates to t within settlements and use activities. rish. the surrounding lan s. ndscape GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Secondary Roads Compact Settlement Settlement Expansion Area All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association LIVEABILITY DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.12 ., . .. -- ■ ■ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D 6 A o t o W c t i p h e A t u g s r i b c F a r s 142 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.5 Accessib Accessibility refe origins and destin the feasibility of other measure, r With proximity children an easy transport via bu mportant comp planning reduce having beneficia environment. As both Antigua times between under normal co good in Antigua, settlements and roadways greatly ncomplete in th bypasses for maj construction of a Figures 6.13 and and 15 minute respectively with secondary, and te and Resource Ma bility ers to the relati nations. It differs completing thes rather than the f planning, for ex and pleasant wa us or car. In t ponent of livea es congestion a al effects for and Barbuda a most origins an onditions. While , the fact that t the presence o y increase travel t he southeast and jor settlements w dditional key link 6.14, for examp response time the assumption ertiary roads are anagement Zonin ve ease of linki s from mobility in se links in terms fluidity of traffic xample, it is po alk to school rath this way, access bility. In addi nd minimizes p both the eco are relatively sm d destinations a e the condition o the main roads of ribbon develo times. Further, th d southwest. Th with ribbon deve ks would resolve t ple, illustrate the es for fire and that the average 25, 19 and 16 m ng Plan for Antigu ng trips betwee n that it focuses o s of time or som along a roadwa ossible to provid her than relying o sibility is also a tion, accessibilit pollution, thereb onomy and th mall islands, trav are not excessiv of most roads ar go through larg opment along th he road network he construction o elopment and th this situation. e theoretical 5, 1 d police vehicle e speeds on mai mph (40, 30 and 2 ua and Barbuda ( en on me y. de on an ty by he el ve re ge he is of he 10 es n, 25 km/h) delays (including Redon respectively. Thi due to traffic ligh nda) is simulation doe hts or village cent s not take into co tres. onsideration GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D S 143 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Figur Source: Shah, You and Resource Ma e 6.13 Fire Respo usaf, Course Assig McGill Univ anagement Zonin onse Times for A gnment, School o versity, 2011 ng Plan for Antigu ntigua of Urban Planning ua and Barbuda ( g, Source (including Redon Figure 6.14 P e: Shah, Yousaf, C M nda) Police Response T Course Assignmen McGill University, Times for Antigu nt, School of Urba , 2011 ua an Planning, 2.D Legend Fire Cover -~Mruoo 11'.Ji.Jr.'IA.IDc. -1~~ .. IJ t \ Legen,d • PcllMSblliGri :l>'oiloe-cove,r -b!,l.,.t,o, 10M--.. ~ y' ~. . ~ j ' ~~ ~-- v' ~o 6 0 GENIVAR rr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T a e a A m p c a T i i o a t 144 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The above figur additional fire effectiveness of adequately cover As the vast majo most are in close problem is mor countryside and and cargo port. Table 6.7 present llustrates specif mproved. The S of these issues v accompanied by transportation sy and Resource Ma res clearly indic stations, as w the road netwo red. ority of Barbudan e proximity to th re to do with the absence of ts accessibility pl fic areas in the SIRMZP takes into via proximity pla y a review of ystem. anagement Zonin cate the need f well as improv ork to ensure th n residents live i he services they r the condition proper infrastru anning principles e road network o consideration t anning. It howe the effectivene ng Plan for Antigu for one or mor vements to th he entire island in Codrington an require. Here th of roads in th cture at the fer s while Figure 6.1 k that should b the spatial aspec ever, needs to b ss of the publ ua and Barbuda ( re he is nd he he ry 15 be ts be lic (including Redonnda) GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 145 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component Proximity Plann 1 Housing 2 Shops 3 Community facilities Public Transport 1 Bus stops 2 Routing 3 Taxi service Private Automo 1 Mobility 2 Parking Goods Transpor 1 Airport and Resource Ma Physical P ning Enhance ac and betwe Enhance ac Enhance ac community tation Ensure rea transportat Ensure tha transportat effectively Ensure tha available. obile Minimize c Ensure ade rt Ensure effi goods. anagement Zonin Tab Planning Objectiv ccessibility within en communities. ccessibility to shop ccessibility to y facilities. dy access to public tion. t public tion routes are used. t taxi service is congestion. equate parking cient shipment of ng Plan for Antigu ble 6.7 Land Use ve Planning Prin Provide a rang ps. Encourage mi Encourage mi c Provide bus st Ensure that m Provide taxi st Reduce ribbon Provide bypas Provide off‐st Prohibit parki Provide wareh roadway netw ua and Barbuda ( Suitability Mode nciples ge of housing types xed use developme xed use developme tops along arterial major origin and des tand areas within s n development. En sses to major settle reet parking in resi ng along highways housing facilities in work. (including Redon el: Accessibility s and densities wit ents. ents. roadways in settle stination points ma settlements. nhance the functio ements. idential areas alon . Meter parking in n close proximity to nda) hin settlements. ements every 400 m ay be reached effic onality of the road n g arterials and in p n urban areas. o air and sea ports meters. ciently. network and signa proximity to major and with easy acce lization. destinations. essibility to the GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 146 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Component 2 Cargo port 3 Industrial production 4 Warehousin and Resource Ma Physical P Ensure effi goods. Ensure effi goods. ng Ensure effi goods. anagement Zonin Planning Objectiv cient shipment of cient shipment of cient shipment of ng Plan for Antigu ve Planning Prin Provide wareh roadway netw Provide wareh roadway netw Provide wareh roadway netw ua and Barbuda ( nciples housing facilities in work. housing facilities in work. housing facilities in work. (including Redon n close proximity to n close proximity to n close proximity to nda) o air and sea ports o air and sea ports o air and sea ports and with easy acce and with easy acce and with easy acce essibility to the essibility to the essibility to the GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Primary Roads Secondary Roads Tertiary Roads ByPass By Pass 1 By Pass 2 Accessibility Congestion Incomplete Network Inefficient Network Unstructured Hillside Roads Poor Road Condition No Public Access Poor Fire Service Lakes/Ponds All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association ACCESSIBILITY DISCLAIMER: NOTE: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.15 d . .. -- □ □ ■ ■ ■ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & folNI!}<-' 1 D 6 A m p U e I e S c t m w D A r s 148 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.6 Governa As most governa management rat primarily dealt w Use and Devel exclusively with t t is recommend entities be recog SIRMZP evident complemented b that are consisten more detail conc watersheds shou DCA. Figure 6.16 A single plannin relatively small system in Barbud and Resource Ma ance nce issues are re ther than spati within the follow opment Contro the spatial compo ded that four gnized: communit ially is at the by plans at the p nt with the overa erning local plan ld be used for pla shows the existin ng unit is recom population and da that is in place anagement Zonin lated to institutio ial configuration wing section, whi ol Policies. Th onents of SIRMZP (4) distinct hier ty, parish, nation national level. parish level and all national thrust ning issues. In a anning and review ng parish bounda mmended for Ba the communa . ng Plan for Antigu onal structure an ns, governance ch discusses Lan his Section dea P governance. rarchical plannin n and region. Th . It should b community leve t yet go into muc ddition, the majo w purposes by th aries in Antigua. arbuda due to i l land ownersh ua and Barbuda ( nd is nd als ng his be els ch or he ts ip (including Redonnda) GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( St. Johns St. Marys St. Pauls St. Phillips St. Peters St.Georges Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Secondary Roads Parish Boundary Settlement All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association GOVERNANCE DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.16 SGENIVAR Trw,clad & folnt!}<-' □ 1 D 6 F a 6 o 150 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.7 Compreh Figures 6.17 and and Barbuda res 6.8, which presen occupied by each Component 1 Communit 2 Parish 3 Nation 4 Region and Resource Ma hensive SIRM 6.18 present co spectively. These nts the major dev h land use categ Physical Pl Objective ty Resolve local issues, encou community. Ensure reaso servicing & d parishes. Promote nati and pride. Promote colla approach to p region. anagement Zonin MZP omprehensive SIR e maps are accom velopment guide gory. Further de Table 6.8 Lan anning planning urage sense of nable equity in istinctive ional identity aborative planning within ng Plan for Antigu RMZPs for Antigu mpanied by Tab elines and the are etails are provide nd Use Suitability Planning Princi Prepare local villag Prepare parish pla Prepare national p Promote collabora ua and Barbuda ( ua le ea ed concer Report Consist been a and req amend y Model: Governa iples ge plans, support v ans that address so physical developme ative planning with (including Redon rning recommend t. tent with the ob allocated to each quirements up to d the Plan to refle ance, Planning H village councils, spo ocio‐economic deve ent plan, complete h respect to regiona nda) ded control guid bjectives of this land use activity o 2030. Nonethe ect changing econ ierarchy orts teams, social e elopment issues an e visioning exercise al socio‐economic delines in Section exercise, sufficie y to meet the na eless, it may be n nomic or other co events. nd servicing. es with stakeholder and biophysical iss n 7.3 of this ent land has ational goals necessary to onditions. rs. sues. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 151 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Major Land Use Commerce Environment Prot Environment Reso Industrial Institutional Settlement Tourism Transportation Unknown and Resource Ma e Type tection ource anagement Zonin Table 6.9 ng Plan for Antigu Breakdown of E ua and Barbuda ( Each Area for Eac (including Redon h Land Use Categ Antigua 0.1% 29.3% 38.9% 2.1% 1.7% 21.9% 4.7% 1.2% 0.2% nda) gory Barbuda 0% 66.7% 24.2% 0.1% 0.1% 3.9% 2.9% 0.4% 1.7% GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bolans Parham Old Road Freetown Willikies All Saints St. John's English Harbour / Falmouth ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Major Roads Special Devlepoment Areas Water bodies Land Use Settlement Recreation Tourism Heritage Institutional Industrial Transportation Agriculture Agriculture Crown Grazing Grazing Crown Mangrove Wetlands Forest Environmental Protection All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association SIRMZP DISCLAIMER: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:135,000SCALE: 6.17 SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' ------., . .. -------- !( Codrington ­ SOURCES OF INFORMATION TITLE: FIGURE: 20th Fl., Nicholas Tower, 63-65 Independence Square, Port of Spain Tel: 868-624-8039 | Fax: 868-623-7170 CLIENT: This product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for, or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Users of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the usability of the information. Legend Special Development Area Land Use Settlement Codrington Tourism Industrial Transportation Agriculture Grazing Mangrove Wetlands Forest Environmental Protection Inland Water Wetland Forest Lagoon All base data and satellite imagery were provided by: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda: SIRMM/Environmental Division, Survey Division, Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) and Caribbean Conservation Association SIRMZP DISCLAIMER: NOTES: 0 1 2 3 4 50.5 Miles 1:120,000SCALE: 6.18 ·--· I I "'·-' □ □ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ □ □ SGENIVAR Trilliclad & fol1<1!J<,' 1 D 6 T s p o i I e a v i c S “ p b A i I t p i m t 154 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 6.8 Redonda The island of Red small, very rugge potential for edu outstanding phys nclude an extens t is recommen environmental p areas and along various natural fe n strategic loca convenience facil Sea access to t “Landing Rock” ( possible via one branch out from t As the island ha nternational na nternational, the thorough ecolog preparing and i nternational age modest in compa tourism. Moreov and Resource Ma a donda is of‐cours ed, and not inha ucation and limite sical features an sive variety and q nded that the protection area w g well‐managed eatures and the h ations. In add lities should be co he island could Figure 6.19). Ac e of the ravines there. as already attrac ature organizatio e additional rese gical study, as w implementing a encies. In any ev arison to the val ver, it is essentia anagement Zonin se, a special case abited. Nonethe ed tourism due t nd unique flora quantity of birds. entire island with public acce pathways. S history of the isla dition, some she onstructed. be arranged in ccess to the sum along the coast cted the interest ons, such as F arch that is need well as the cost plan may wel vent, the costs sh ue of the island al that Antigua an ng Plan for Antigu e as it is relative eless, it has grea to the presence o and fauna, whic be declared a ess at designate ignage describin and may be place elters and publ n the location o mit could then b t and trails cou t of a number o Flora and Faun ded to complete s associated wit l be covered b hould be relative for education an nd Barbuda inve ua and Barbuda ( ely at of ch an ed ng ed lic of be ld of na a th by ely nd st in the i continu (including Redon island to ensure t ue to be recogniz Figure 6 Landing Rock nda) that it and the su zed as part of the 6.19 Access Map urrounding marin e nation. p of Redonda e resources, REOONOA· BMC Access survey 2011 ~---Ol'lkloe ~~---1-l'IQ-,nl ~"9<y~a,,d/Ot~ . ' I -- , I I I I I , I I - I \ \ .=: \ \ \ a .... GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 155 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla CHAPTE and Resource Ma ER 7 anagement Zoninng Plan for Antigu LAND U POLICIE ua and Barbuda ( USE AND ES (including Redon DEVELO nda) OPMENT CONTROOL 1 D 7 C D 7 A m l A 156 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 7.0 LAND CONTROL DISCSUSSI 7.1 Develop and Equ As detailed in th many statutory and tenure, land Antigua and Barb 1. The Regis 2. The Barb 3. The Phys 4. The Land 5. The Natio 6. The St. Jo 7. The Disas 8. General Applicatio and Barb 9. The Build 10. Antigua a 11. OECS Pla and Resource Ma D USE AND POLICIES ( ON) pment Contro ipment he State of the provisions and d use activities, buda. These inclu stered Land Act, C uda Land Act (20 ical Planning Act Acquisition Act ( onal Parks Act (19 ohn’s Developme ster Managemen Procedures fo ons and For Insp uda (1995) ding Code (1995) and Barbuda Build nning and Infrast anagement Zonin DEVELOPM (DRAFT FO ol Administra Country (2010) regulatory guide and the develo ude the following Cap. 374 (1975) 007) (2003) (1958) 985) ent Corporation A t Act (2002) or Processing pection of Const ding Guidelines ( tructure Standard ng Plan for Antigu MENT OR ative Structur report, there ar elines that gover opment process g key documents: Act (1986) of Developmen ruction in Antigu 1994) ds Draft (1992) ua and Barbuda ( re re rn in nt ua With re (2003) for spe of env and/or These (2002) designa precau now un While designa minera who ar one gr person Barbud purpos and us the Co Barbud Primar designa Contro this au Special (including Redon espect to the na includes provisi ecific projects, pr ironmental prote r conditions tha provisions are str which authorize ate areas vulne utionary plans. Fu nder consideratio land tenure reg ation of crown, al rights), all land re defined as per randparent who n who meets th dan Council has ses, as well as gr se individual plot uncil may, with t dans for major de y responsibility ation of permitt ol Authority (DCA uthority is not re l exceptions are nda) tural environmen ions for environ reservation of de ection areas, and t pose a threat rengthened by th es the National O rable to hazards urther, a compre on. gulations in Ant lease, and priv in Barbuda is he rsons born in Bar was also born in he above condit the authority to rant exclusive rig ts of land for spe the approval of C evelopments up t for planning, ted land uses re A) with the exce equired for agric also provided in nt, the Physical P mental impact a esignated plants, d the regulation t to environmen he Disaster Mana Office of Disaster s and prepare s hensive environm tigua provide fo vate title (with eld in common by rbuda and who h n Barbuda or th ions, wherever o designate land ghts to Barbudan ecific purposes. Cabinet, grant lea to a maximum of development c ests with the D eption that perm ultural or forestr the St. John’s D Planning Act assessments designation of activities ntal quality. agement Act r Services to special area mental act is r the usual or without y Barbudans have at least e child of a born. The for specific ns to occupy In addition, ases to non‐ 50 years. ontrol, and evelopment mission from ry activities. evelopment GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C r t W C l d e l e a h F T c W T S I g 157 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Corporation Act required to exerc territory. With the approva Country Planner w and use and development pla execution of enfo and uses; desig environmental p and districts that historical reason Final approval of The DCA Board u comprise the foll Works Departme Town and Count Service and two ( n meeting its re government agen 1. The Land 2. Public Wo 3. National 4. Central B Transform and Resource Ma (1986) that giv cise planning and al of the Minister who may then as development, a ans, the approva orcement notices gnate areas that rotection or risk t should be prese ns; and designat development pla under the Devel owing members, ent, the Chief He try Planner, an (2) appointees fro esponsibilities, t ncies including bu Registry orks Department Office of Disaste Board of Health mation and Consu anagement Zonin es the Corporat development co r, the DCA may ap ssume responsibi as well as the l of developmen s. Development p t may not be d considerations; erved for archite e comprehensiv ans rests with Par opment Control , The Chairman, t ealth Inspector, appointed mem om the private se he DCA must in ut not limited to: t r Services of the Ministry umer Affairs ng Plan for Antigu tion the authorit ontrol over its ow ppoint a Town an lity for monitorin e preparation o t permits and th plans may allocat developed due t propose building ectural, cultural o e planning area rliament. Act of 1977 is t the Director Publ a Lands Officer, mber of the Publ ector. nteract with othe of Health, Soci ua and Barbuda ( ty wn nd ng of he te to gs or as. to lic a lic er al 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 Conseq commu particu require The DC Planne Civil/St Buildin two (2 Assista It is re reconfi would buildin comple (including Redon Antigua Public Ministry of Environment a. Departm b. Lands a c. Environ d. Fisherie Ministry of Lega Ministry of Tou Ministry of Fina . Royal Police For quently, it is i unication are m ular, DCA, Land e close interactio CA currently has p er, one (1) Deput tructural Enginee ng Inspectors, one 2) Planning Assis ant and three (3) S commended tha igured as illustra allow for three g inspection, a ement would inc nda) Utilities Authorit Agriculture, La ment of Agricultu and Surveys Divis nment Division es Department al Affairs rism, Civil Aviatio ance, The Econom rce of Antigua an imperative that maintained betw Registry, and L n on a daily basis positions for one ty Chief Town an er, one (1) Senio e (1) Draughtsma stants, one (1) G Support Staff. t the administrat ated in Figure 7 (3) distinct line nd administratio rease to twenty‐ ty ands, Housing ure ion on and Culture my and Public Adm nd Barbuda direct, efficien ween these en Lands and Surve s. e (1) Chief Town a nd Country Plann r Building Inspec an, one (1) Physi GIS Technician, tive structure of 7.1. The new a s of authority fo on. In addition five (25) full time and the ministration nt lines of ntities. In eys Division and Country ner, one (1) ctor, two (2) ical Planner, one (1) GIS the DCA be arrangement or planning, n, the staff e personnel. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T ( s T C g p P p d S n I a A I u C D T a m 158 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The full‐time se (however if this seconded to the D The separation Control Units, as greatly strength planning function Planning Assistan physical planning disciplines adds Similarly, the ad number of inspe nspection Zones assist wherever Authority to fulfil n recognition of use of informati Computer‐Aided‐ Development Pla The proposed a appropriate for t must perform. It and Resource Ma rvices of a Civi s is not possible DCA on a part‐tim of the Developm depicted in Figu en the DCA’s c ns. The addition nt positions that a g, environment, e considerable b dition of a Build ectors to six (6) s across Antigua need arises) aug l its functions. f the efficiencies ion technology, ‐Drawing Spec nning and Develo dministrative st the range and in is, therefore, rec anagement Zonin l/Structural Engi e, then such a me basis as requi ment Planning a ure 7.1, is approp capacity to und of a Physical Pla are to be occupie economics, and s breadth and de ding Inspector, t (one (1) for ea a, and an additi gments the capa s that may be ga it is recommend ialists be en opment Control U ructure is well ntensity of activi commended. ng Plan for Antigu ineer are neede person could b red). and Developmen priate, as it wou dertake foreword anner and two (2 ed by specialists social‐geographic pth to the Uni to bring the tot ch of the five (5 onal Inspector t acity of the who ained through th ded that GIS an gaged for th Units respectively thought out an ities that the DC ua and Barbuda ( ed be nt ld d‐ 2) in al it. al 5) to le he nd he y. nd CA (including Redonnda) GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 159 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Ph (Develo Plan G G and Resource Ma hysical Planner opment Planning Un nning Assistants (2 ) GIS Technician GIS Assistant anagement Zonin nit) Figure 7.1 P ng Plan for Antigu CHIEF TOW (or Director DEPUTY C (or Deputy Dir Seni (Dev B (6 – one Zones acr wher Civil (full‐tim Draugh Proposed Organizatio (prep ua and Barbuda ( WN AND COUNTR r of Town & Count CHIEF TOWN & PLANNER rector of Town & Co ior Building Insp velopment Control Building Inspecto e for each of the 5 In ross Antigua; and on reever workload is h l/Structural Engi me or seconded on a basis) htsman / Plans R (Sub‐divisions) onal Structure for th pared by the DCA, Jul (including Redon RY PLANNER try Planning) COUNTRY untry Planning) pector Unit) ors nspection ne to assist heavy) ineer part‐time Reviewer he Development Con ly 2011) nda) Ex Chief (or A Ap Ap Petty ntrol Authority xecutive Officer (Clerical Staff) Planner's Secret Director’s Secretary Accounts Clerk, pplications Clerk, pplications Clerk (Sub­divisions) Registry Clerk Clerk Typist Receptionist y Officer /Messeng r tary y) , ger GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T a H b a p I d m a R R 160 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The DCA currentl a plotter, scann However, the ma be replaced. Furt additional equipm projected staff to • One (1) M • Two (2) R • One (1) associate Network. • One (1) inches). • Ten (10) • Broad‐ba Managem that deal Land Reg Departm • Five (5) U • One (1) A t is recommen determined and months) as a ma advantageous to Registry, Lands Revenue Depar and Resource Ma ly is equipped wi ner, digitizing bo ajority of the com ther, the DCA ha ment be acquired o perform their fu Medium format p Regular printers. Server with Xe ed wiring for th . Graphics compu Desktop compute and Internet serv ment System and l with land mana gistry, Agriculture ent). Uninterruptable p AutoCAD network nded that a p acquired in the atter of urgency. o consider the and Surveys, rtment and th anagement Zonin ith computers, p oard, and a pho mputers are 4 yea s recommended d to enable the f unctions: printer (13 x 19 in eon processor e establishment uter with large m er systems. vice that would i d GIS between th agement (DCA, L e Department an power supply unit k version. riority listing o immediate term . In the longer equipment nee Agriculture De he Developmen ng Plan for Antigu rinters, as well a otocopy machin ars old and shou that the followin ull complement o nch). (1) coupled wit t of a Local Are monitor (19 or 2 ntegrate the Lan e various agencie ands and Survey nd Inland Revenu ts. of equipment b (i.e. within six (6 term, it would b eds of the Lan partment, Inlan nt Control Un ua and Barbuda ( as, e. ld ng of th ea 21 nd es ys, ue be 6) be nd nd nit simulta compli collabo functio inform recomm could b 7.2 P 7.2.1 In man within Barbud plans. nationa reflect the diff Nation Nation plannin nation, and the enhanc develo (including Redon aneously with a mentary hardwa oration. This w ons of these o ation managem mendations for h be completed ove Planning and Planning Hie ny jurisdictions it a planning hie da would be nati In this way, it is al planning obje the particular so ferent regions. nal Plans al plans are int ng units. They t , strategic oppo e values and asp ce a sense of nat pment is strategi nda) view to ensurin are and softwar will require a com rganizations and ment plan th hardware and so er a six (6) month Developmen rarchy t is common pra rarchy, which in onal, regional (p possible to ensu ectives, while a ocio‐economic an tended to set t take into accoun ortunities for so irations of citizen tional identity an ic, equitable, and ng that these ag re so as to fac mprehensive rev d the developm hat is accom ftware purchase h period. nt Control Pro ctice for plans to n the case of A parish), and local ure that all plans allowing for var nd physical chara the direction fo nt the resource cio‐economic de ns. Successful na nd pride while en d sustainable. encies have ilitate close view of the ment of an panied by s, tasks that ocess o be nested Antigua and community support the riances that acteristics of or all other base of the evelopment, ational plans nsuring that GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T d c i t l h c d m c R E d m r p C i u w t a t n 161 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla This SIRMZP see development of closely on socia dentifies the nee the promotion of iveable commun however, is gene compact settlem designate more medium and low community facilit Regional Plans Each of the six (6 distinct landscap many cases, fost residents. Furth purposes of the n Consequently, it sland of Barbud units. The prep would offer loca their territory an associated plann the national plan network, land and Resource Ma eks to provide a other national p al and economic ed for policies su f food security, a nities. The leve eralized as it de ents and settlem precise land use density areas, o ties. 6) parishes of Ant pes, resources, a er a sense of ide er, they have lo national census. is recommended da be recognized paration of plans l residents the c d work together ning measures, h . The plans may use activities, anagement Zonin a solid spatial fo plans and policie c issues. At th ch as the protect and the developm l of detail and s eals with large c ment expansion a e activity categor r the location of tigua and the isla and settlement entity and belong ong served as sp d that parishes o d as administrat s at parish level hance to articula to achieve them however, must b address issues re , socio‐econom ng Plan for Antigu oundation for th s that focus mor he same time, tion of coral reef ment of accessibl spatial resolutio categories such a reas and does no ries, such as hig schools and othe nd of Barbuda ha histories that, ging among paris atial units for th of Antigua and th tive and plannin and for Barbud ate their goals fo m. These goals an be consistent wit elating to the roa mic developmen ua and Barbuda ( he re it fs, e, n, as ot h, er as in sh he he ng da or nd th ad nt, environ plannin with r cemete effectiv Comm Local c individ spatial located and us design and fe sidewa and im which mobilit throug Ridge t Finally, waters and de may be and th Furthe (including Redon nmental conside ng issues that we espect to this eries and new a vely addressed in unity Plans community plans ual settlements. ly detailed, for e d community faci se of commercial measures that a el” of central ar alk design, street mplemented. He ensures that e ty, will have acc hout. to Reef Planning , it is recomme sheds and adjace evelopment cont e readily evaluate he feasibility of r, the direct nda) rations, and pub ere highlighted du plan were the aggregate extrac n these regional p are also needed . At this level, xample, explicit ilities, and propo l areas would be are intended to reas in villages a furniture, and ve re it should be a everyone, includ cess to all public Units ended that the ent coastal zones rol units. In this ed in terms of th f providing wat and indirect lic services. Two uring the public c need for additi ction sites – ma plans. to enhance the the plans are road right of way sals for convenie e addressed. Fur improve the “loo and towns throu egetation should added that unive ding those with c spaces, should boundaries of s serve as technic s way, developm heir implications f er and sewerag effects of eff o (2) specific consultation ional public ay be most liveability of much more ys, precisely ent access to rther, urban ok, function, ugh signage, be planned ersal design, h restricted be applied the major cal planning ent projects for drainage ge services. luents and GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D s o c B w t s q W m A D E e e e p r W 7 W H P c 162 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla sedimentation o other critical bio coral reefs may b Building inspecto watershed areas. the effects of d suggest develop quality and minim Watershed and C members from t APUA, Forestry, Divisions (Minis Environment), as expertise and r enhance collabo expertise to su proposals. Cons representatives Watershed and C 7.2.2 Plannin While the planni Hierarchy will va Physical Plannin components. and Resource Ma n riparian veget ophysical resourc be assessed. ors, in particula . This will allow t evelopment on pment alternativ mize the cost of Coastal Zone Man the DCA, the M Fisheries, and stry of Agricu s well as other responsibility fo oration between upport the tec sideration may from non‐gove Coastal Zone Man g Process ing process for e ary in some res ng Act 2003 anagement Zonin tation, coastal w ces, such as sea ar, may be assig them to be in a p the biophysical ves that promo f services. The e nagement Comm Ministry of Work d Soil and Wa lture, Lands, government ag r water related n these units a hnical reviews also be give ernmental organ nagement Commi each of the leve spects, all will b and have the ng Plan for Antigu water quality, an a grass beds, an gned to differen position to monito environment an te environment establishment of ittee that include ks and Transpor ater Conservatio Housing & Th gencies that hav d issues, wou and provide sol of developmen en to includin nizations on th ittee. els in the Plannin be guided by th following ma ua and Barbuda ( nd nd nt or nd al a es rt, on he ve ld id nt ng he ng he in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. (including Redon Preparation of (PPA 2003, s9.1 Decision of Min proposal (PPA 2 Preparation of would normally a. Survey b. Consult c. Consult that th the juri d. Consult governm large. Review of draf would normally a. Submis House (for pla b. Notifica residing and pro c. Comple Approval of dra This would norm a. Formal Ministe b. Subject submis Parliam nda) a proposal to p 1 – 9.2). nister to accept o 2003, s9.3). a draft develop y involve: and analysis of a tation with all rel tation with the B he plan address sdiction of the Co tation with mental organizat ft development y involve: sion of draft to of Representativ nning areas with ation of the exist g, working or ow ovision for the pu etion of one or m aft development mal involve: submission of dr er. t to the approv sion of draft ment. prepare a develo or refuse a develo pment plan (PPA ll relevant inform evant governme Barbuda Council i development is ouncil. representatives tions and the co plan (PPA 2003 o Minister, mem ves, and the Barb in their jurisdictio tence of the plan wning land in aff ublic to review th more public hearin plan (PPA 2003, raft development val of the Minis t development opment plan opment plan A s10). This mation. nt agencies. in the event ssues within of non‐ ommunity at 3, s11). This bers of the buda Council on). n to persons fected areas e plan. ngs. s12, 13, 14). t plan to the ster; formal plan to GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D A m p F g 7 D t D A I S p 163 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla c. S a As planning is in many different preparing a plan For this reason, government agen 7.2.3 Develop Development co two (2) documen Development Ap Antigua and Ba nfrastructure Sta Section 1 of th process to be Receipt o change in Link to r property and Resource Ma Subject to the a approval in the Ga nevitably an inte specialties and should be as tra an integrated p ncies should be fo pment Control ntrol is currently nts entitled “Gen pplications and f arbuda” (1995) andards” (1992). e “General Pro followed upon of application for n land use activity. elational geodata of interest and nei anagement Zonin approval of Parl azette. erdisciplinary act interest groups nsparent and inc process that inv ollowed. l y administered w neral Procedures for Inspection o and “OECS Dra cedures” docum receipt of an Activ r a plan, subdivis abase to establish ighbouring proper ng Plan for Antigu iament; notice o ivity that involve s, the process o clusive as possibl volves all relevan with reference t s for Processing o of Construction aft Planning an ment outlines th n application fo Table 7.1 vity sion, building con h parcel numbers rties. ua and Barbuda ( of es of e. nt to of in nd he or develo depart prepar decisio proced conside develo While t guidan the 200 techno that is DCA, a applica The rev Table 7 1 General Proced nstruction, recons and property ow (including Redon pment, including ments, prepara ation of planni ons of the planni dures including t erations with re pments, site visit the “General Pro ce for processing 03 Physical Plann ology in many gov shared by Lands s recommended ations. vised general pro 7.1. ures struction, or App wnership of Aut nda) g filing requireme ation for plan ng authority m ng authority. Se he examination espect to comple ts, advisory servic ocedures” docum g applications, it ning Act and the vernment agenci and Surveys Div above, would he ocedures should Res plications Clerk tomated function d ents, consultation nning authority inutes, and con ection 2 specifie of plans, as we ex or large proj ces, and reportin ment provides use should be revise introduction of es. A common g vision, Land Regis elp streamline th include the steps sponsibility developed by GIS s n with other meetings, nveying the s inspection ll as special jects, illegal g. eful detailed ed to reflect information geodatabase stry, and the he review of s outlined in pecialist GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T a t p m b p 164 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Establish Store dos Review of Determin Prepare p Determin relevant a Submit co Determin Determin Prepare fi Review by Notificatio The developmen and policies are t to happen, it is possible. While may be consider been made for a public knowledge and Resource Ma application numbe sier in database th f planning and zon e need for site visi preliminary report. e consultation req authorities. omments from age e need for EIA. If e need for public c inal report for revi y Planning Authori on of results of rev t approval proce taken into effect essential that t some aspects of red confidential, particular projec e. anagement Zonin Activ er and code corres hat is accessible to ning controls for pr it. If yes, site visit . quirements. If yes, encies consulted. yes, complete EIA consultation. If ye iew by Planning Au ity. view. ess must ensure t t in an equitable the process be f development p the fact that a ct in a particular l ng Plan for Antigu vity sponding to type o o DCA, Lands and S roperty. . , save dossier on d . es, public consultat uthority. that existing plan manner. For th as transparent a ermit application an application ha location should b ua and Barbuda ( of application. Surveys, and Land R drive that is acces tion. ns his as ns as be During that th the pu respect manda prior to conside is impe incorpo (including Redon Aut Registry. Aut Pla Phy Pla ssible by the Phy App Phy Chi Pla Chi App the public consu he DCA establish ublic and private t to land use p ate to meet once o their approval. er, especially for erative, as noted orate opportunit nda) Res tomated function d tomated function d nning Assistant ysical Planning Offi nning Assistant / B ysical Planning Offi plications Clerk ysical Planning Offi ef Town and Count nning Assistant / B ef Planning Officer plications Clerk ultation period fo a committee con e sector who h planning. This c a month to revie This is somethin some controvers above, that the ies for public inte sponsibility developed by GIS s developed by GIS s cer / Senior Buildin Building Inspector cer / Senior Buildin cer / Senior Buildin try Planner Building Inspector r or this plan, it wa nsisting of individ had expert know committee woul ew development ng that the DCA sial decisions. In process be tran ervention. pecialist pecialist ng Inspector ng Inspector ng Inspector as suggested duals both in wledge with ld have the applications may wish to n any case, it sparent and GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T d i s s w c p i r I e G R D L M H 165 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The Draft Plann development sta nclude consider subdivisions; roa solid waste disp walls and reclam compilation of st practice rather t ndicate that the rather than the n n general, the exception that th Gross Residential Density Low Medium High and Resource Ma ing and Infrastr ndards that are s ration of stand ds and parking; osal; water, ele ation; and access andards is intend than definitive r emphasis should umbers themselv standards provi he recommended Lots per Acre (Ma OECS SIRM 5 8 10 12 17 20 Table 7.2 Lotifi anagement Zonin ructure Standard specific for the O ards for develo storm water dra ctricity and tele sibility guidelines ded to serve as g regulations. Ind d be placed on pe ves. de excellent gu d residential dens ax) Lots Size MZP OECS 8,000 4,000 7,000 2,500 4,000 internal 3,000 4,500 corner cation Guideline ng Plan for Antigu ds (1992) set ou ECS region. Thes opment intensit ainage; liquid an ephones; retainin s. This very usef guidelines for goo deed, the autho erformance criter uidelines with th sities are relative s (Min sq ft) SIRMZP 5,000 to 3,000 to to 2,500 intern 3,000 corne es ua and Barbuda ( ut se y; nd ng ul od rs ria he ely low. recomm 7.3 D S The fo the ap Barbud identifi discret occupy map th respect restrict floodin SIRMZP located A legal in the discuss nal er (including Redon Table 7.2 lists mended in this SI Development Spatial Units llowing table pro ppropriateness o da. The land ied in Chapter 6 e zones shown o y significant cont hat accompanies t to smaller spat tions apply, for ng. These are als P and effectively d. reference for ea table. For great sed at greater len nda) s the standards IRMZP for residen t Control Gu ovides guidelines of development use activity zon 6. As noted in on the zoning pl iguous land area s this document tial units. Furthe example, to a so identified in t overlay the land ach of the develo er clarity, some ngth immediately s in the guide ntial areas. uidelines for that may be use proposals for A nes correspond that chapter, ho an (Fig 6.17) are as. The electroni t offers greater er some addition reas subject to the electronic ve d use zone in wh pment guidelines of the critical pr y following the ta and those Discrete ed to assess Antigua and with those owever, the e those that ic GIS‐based detail with nal planning erosion or ersion of the ich they are s is included ovisions are ble. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 166 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 1 2 3 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Conservation are Water courses an bodies Mangroves and wetlands Sea grass Coral reefs Forests Rehabilitation Flooding Land erosion and slippage Beach erosion anagement Zonin gory Permitte eas Education, private: comprehen nd Education, Recreation Education, Recreation Education, Recreation Education, Recreation Education, Recreation None Recreation education, structures d Recreation education, structures Recreation education, structures ng Plan for Antigu Table 7.3 SIRMZ ed Uses De En where nsive plan NA Light n NA Light n NA Light n NA Light n NA Light n NA NA n, no NA n, no NA n, no NA ua and Barbuda ( ZP Development Intensity ensity FAR vironmental Prot NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Environmental R NA NA NA (including Redon Guidelines Performa tection Designated en features prote Quality of wat or enhanced Ecosystem fun maintained Ecosystem fun maintained Ecosystem fun maintained Ecosystem fun maintained Ecosystem fun enhanced Risk Minimal flood Minimal land slippage Minimal erosi nda) ance Criteria nvironmental ected ter maintained nctions nctions nctions nctions nctions ding damage erosion and on Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA 2003 Part I Part II s4e PPA Part II s56 PPA Part II s56 PPA Part II s56 PPA Part II s56 PPA Part II s56 PPA Part II s56 PPA s4b/PPA s5 PPA s4b/PPA s5 PPA s4b/PPA s5 nning Act erence II 54.1/PPA 56 56 56 GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 167 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 4 5 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 1 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Storm surge Climate change Agriculture (Government) Agriculture Grazing (Government) Grazing Fishing grounds Resource extract Natural heritage Designated servic area within hierarchy anagement Zonin gory Permitte Recreation education, structures Recreation education, structures Crops, agri buildings o Crown Crops, agri buildings, r Grazing, ag buildings o Crown Grazing, ag buildings, r Licensed fi ion Quarrying, processing office Existing, ot compatible existing ce Institutiona commercia residential community recreation, ng Plan for Antigu ed Uses n, no NA n, no NA En cultural owned by NA cultural residence gricultural owned by NA gricultural residence shing NA material g, plant, ther e with NA al, al, , y, , industrial NA ua and Barbuda ( Intensity NA NA nvironmental Res NA NA NA NA Settlement NA (including Redon Performa Minimal storm Minimal eleva source Food product security, value Food product security, value Grazing yields value Grazing yields value Maintenance Aggregate val disruption of Retained valu heritage, view Access to serv facilities throu nda) ance Criteria m surge damage ation of 3 meters ion yields, food e ion yields, food e s, food security, s, food security, of fish stocks ue, minimal neighbors e of natural ws vices/community ughout country Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA s4b/PPA s5 PPA s4b/PPA s5 PPA s4a PPA s4a PPA s4a PPA s4a PPA SSII Part IV PPA s10.4a/Thi PPA SSII Part IV PPA SSII Part III nning Act erence 56 56 V 6 rd Schedule V 4 SGENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 168 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 2 3 4 5 6 5 1 2 3 6 1 2 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Compact Settlem Low density Medium density High density Settlement expansion area Core commercial Shopping and multiplex centre Village mixed use Cruise ship facilit Resort hotels anagement Zonin gory Permitte ment Commercia residential industry Residentia neighbourh commercia Residentia commercia community Residentia commercia services, co facilities Residentia commercia community Commercia residential Commercia e Commercia residential community ty Commercia Hotels, res commercia ng Plan for Antigu ed Uses al, , light 20 lots/ l, hood al 8 lot l, al, y facilities 12 lots/ l, al, ommunity 20lo l, al, y facilities 12 lots/ Com al, 20 lots/ al NA al, , y facilities 12 lots/ al NA sidential, al NA ua and Barbuda ( Intensity /acre 3 ts/acre 0.5 /acre 0.75 ts/acre 1 /acre 0.5 mmerce: retail and /acre 3 2 /acre 2 Tourism 3 1.5 (including Redon Performa Function, app pedestrian foc Low traffic, no maintained lo Accessibility, m Accessibility, m Low traffic, no maintained lo d service Accessibility, m pedestrian en Accessibility, d infrastructure Accessibility, m pedestrian en Pedestrian en Max 20 h cont km access to b nda) ance Criteria pearance, cus oise levels, well ots mixed use mixed use oise levels, well ots mixed use, nvironment drainage, e mixed use, nvironment nvironment tiguous, max 1 beaches Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA SSII Part III Standards 1.2.2 PPA SSII Part III Standards 1.2.3 PPA SSII Part III Standards 1.2.4 PPA SSII Part III Standards 1.2.5 PPA SSII Part VI PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III nning Act erence // OECS 2 // OECS 3 // OECS 4 // OECS 5 I 2 GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 169 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 3 4 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Villas and cottage Activity area Educational facili Health facilities Churches Government offic Police and fire stations Recreational facilities Historical buildin and sites Cemeteries Military anagement Zonin gory Permitte es Residentia commercia community Recreation educationa ties Schools, tr centres Clinics, hos Religious c ces Institutiona Institutiona Recreation facilities gs Existing, ot compatible existing, ed tourism Cemetery, memorial s manageme Military ng Plan for Antigu ed Uses l, al, y facilities 12 lots/ nal, al NA aining 1 lot acre spitals NA entres NA al NA al NA nal NA ther e with ducation, NA graves, structures, ent facility NA NA ua and Barbuda ( Intensity /acre 0.75 0.25 Institutional t/3 s 1 2 1.5 3 3 0.25 NA 0.25 NA (including Redon Performa Max 20 h cont km access to b Max 20 h cont km access to b Service area, n access Service area, n access Service area, n access Service area, n access Service area, n access Service area, n access Retained valu building and s Low noise lev pollution from maintenance Minimal disru adjacent uses nda) ance Criteria tiguous, max 1 beaches tiguous, max 1 beaches number, ease of number, ease of number, ease of number, ease of number, ease of number, ease of e of historic sites el, minimal m site, uption on Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part III PPA SSII Part IV PPA s4c PPA SSII Part IV nning Act erence V V 2 SGENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 170 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 8 1 2 3 9 1 2 3 4 10 1 2 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Light Heavy Landfill Airports Ports and marina Road network Public transportation facility St John’s waterfr Nelson’ s Dockya National Park anagement Zonin gory Permitte Light indus Heavy indu Landfill ope Transporta industrial, commercia as Transporta industrial, commercia residential Transporta Transporta ont Commercia residential industrial, recreationa rd Conservati residential resort hote ng Plan for Antigu ed Uses stry NA ustry NA erations NA ation, light al NA ation, light al, NA ation NA ation NA Spe al, , light al SDA on, , villas, els, SDA ua and Barbuda ( Intensity Industrial 0.75 0.75 NA Transportation NA NA NA 0.75 ecial Developmen SDA SDA (including Redon Performa Minimal disru traffic, fumes, Minimal disru Minimal disru n Efficiency Efficiency Accessibility Accessibility nt Areas Tourist activit Maintenance landscape, tou nda) ance Criteria uption (noise, , smell) uption, pollution uption, pollution ty of natural urist activity Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA s10.4a/Thi PPA s10.4a/Thi PPA s10.4a/Thi PPA SII Part VI PPA SII Part VI PPA SSII Part I PPA SII Part VI PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e nning Act erence rd Schedule rd Schedule rd Schedule SGENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 171 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1 Code 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 and Resource Ma Land Use Categ Mount Obama Jolly Harbour Cades Bay Parham NEMMA Dock and ferry terminal in Barbu anagement Zonin gory Permitte tourism Conservati Commercia residential industrial, recreationa Fishing, tou activity Commercia residential industrial, recreationa Fishing, tou activity uda Commercia transporta resort hote recreation ng Plan for Antigu ed Uses on SDA al, , light al SDA urism SDA al, , light al SDA urism SDA al, tion, els, villas, SDA ua and Barbuda ( Intensity SDA SDA SDA SDA SDA SDA (including Redon Performa Ecosystem fun maintained Tourist activit with neighbou Maintenance marine ecosys Tourist activit activities and residential, co institutional Maintenance marine ecosys Minimal disru activity nda) ance Criteria nctions ty, integration urhoods of fish stocks, stem ty, yachting maintenance, ommercial, of fish stocks, stem uption, tourist Physical Pla Legal Ref PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e PPA Part II s4e nning Act erence GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 7 A M a p M c g C p a a n p m i e p w P W f f l p f 172 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 7.3.1 Environ As specified in Se Minister may de area” and in so d permitted or, ind Minister may req completed with generally preced Country Planner protection. Thes also landscape architectural or natural hazards, people living or w must take place n the area mus environmental p present their po which must then Planner (s53.2). When delimiting features it is goo features of intere ink these nodes part of an ecosys functions. The and Resource Ma nmental Protec ection 54.2 of th clare an area to doing restrict the deed, prohibit all quire that an env respect to any ed by a formal r that specifies th e features may in e quality, ou historic element and the unique c working in the a in a transparent st be made awa rotection area a osition with resp n be taken into a g environmental od practice to id est, as well as, c . In this way, flo stem may mainta development a anagement Zonin ction Areas he Physical Plann be an “environ e classes of deve development (s5 vironmental impa proposal. Such report prepared he features of th nclude not only f tstanding phys ts, features of s characteristics or rea (s53.3c). Th manner. People are of the intent and have sufficie pect to the pen account by the T protection area dentify the locati corridors that ma ora and fauna th ain their role in dy activities and int ng Plan for Antigu ing Act, 2003, th mental protectio elopment that ar 54.3). Further, th act assessment b h a declaration by the Town an he site that mer lora and fauna bu sical, ecologica scientific interes r circumstances o hese investigation e living or workin t to designate a ent opportunity t nding declaratio Town and Count as for biophysic on of the specif ay be set aside t hat are an integr ynamic ecosyste tensities that ar ua and Barbuda ( he on re he be is nd rit ut al, st, of ns ng an to n, ry al fic to ral m re permit ensure buffer protect educat activiti ecolog costs o While areas o compli has de environ these a prepar other a prepar adjacen This ap In som lands i PPA 20 Follow Town a environ (including Redon ted in these area e that these critic zone surroundi t these resource tional activities w es may have a ical resources m of development b the designation on crown lands is cated with respe emonstrated tha nmental ameniti amenities. For th e plans that res agencies may pro ation of plans nt areas and str pproach has prove me instances, how n question or co 003). ing the designati and Country Plan nmental protecti nda) as must be restr cal functions may ng the nodes a es. Appropriate would be permit monetary value ay not only mini but also contribut n and control o s straightforward ect to private land at the value of es is substantial his reason, land o pect critical eco ovide further mot that maximize eamline the dev en effective in ot wever, it may b ompensate the ow ion of an environ ner may prepare on management icted to uses and y be maintained and corridors is ely planned ecot tted in all areas e, the protection imize the direct a te to the local eco f environmental d, the situation m ds. Nonetheless, land in close p ly greater than owners have an logical areas. Th tivation by assist development p velopment appro ther jurisdictions. be necessary to wner for a loss in nmental protectio (or cause to be p plan (s56 PPA 20 d levels that . Further, a needed to tourism and s. As these n of critical and indirect onomy. l protection may be more , experience proximity to land lacking incentive to he DCA and ing with the potential in val process. . acquire the n value (s55 on area, the prepared) an 003). GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D T m s f r f 7 S f i n n F p p T a h p d r 7 W t 173 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla The legislation pr management of should be noted following an exte required to ensu for protection are 7.3.2 Environ Schedule III of the for which an EIA ndustrial or tra negative effect o noted that hote Further, the Mi prepared during project (s23.2 PPA The content of an are dealt with in has the authorit preparation of ea directed to respo respect to the pro 7.3.3 Additio When a developm the jurisdiction and Resource Ma rovides a clear leg environmental that the designa ensive consultat re that the amen e not compromis nmental Impac e Physical Plannin A must be comp ansportation fac on the environm el and resort co inister may req g the evaluation A 2003). n EIA and the pro s23 of the Phys ty to set out sp ach EIA (s23.4). ond to issues that oposal under con nal Requireme ment application of either the anagement Zonin gal context for th protection areas ation of an area m ion process. Int nities that are un ed prior to the fo ct Assessments ng Act (2003) spe pleted. These g cilities that may ment. Nonethel mplexes are inc quire that such n process for a ocedures governi ical Planning Act pecific terms of In this way, the p t are of particula nsideration. ents for Specif n is made for lan Barbuda Counci ng Plan for Antigu he designation an s. Nonetheless, may only be mad terim controls ar nder consideratio ormal designation s (EIA) ecifies the projec generally relate t y have a direc less, it should b cluded in the lis a statement b any developmen ing its preparatio t (2003). The DC reference for th proponent may b r importance wit fic Areas ds that are with il, the St. John ua and Barbuda ( nd it de re on n. ts to ct, be st. be nt on CA he be th in n’s Develo the DC with th 7.3.4 A majo be pre of crow crops a may w of state farmer the pr foresee over t potent securit (3) dev reason not of agricult The de also be knowle be ava other (including Redon opment Corporat CA may not issue he responsible au Agriculture P or recommendati pared that includ wn land that hav and grazing. Th ish to pursue to e farms or the pr rs. What is critica roduction and p eable future. Fur he specific crop ial of a national p y, (2) serve the lo velop niche prod s, it is imperative ffer the lessor tural purposes ov evelopment of a enefit farmers w edge and market ilable to them. T organizations th nda) ion, or the Port e a development uthority (s24 PPA Program on Cro on of this plan is des the designati e Class III or bett ere are many op attain this object rovision of restric al is that these la processing of ag rther, it is desirab ps that are grow program that is in ocal market, inclu uce for the inter e that the leaseh a right to conv ver time. vigorous nation who are cultivat ting expertise th They may also ch hat facilitate coll Authority or Nat t permit prior to 2003). own Land that an agricultu on of large conti ter agricultural c ptions that the G tive, including th cted leaseholds t ands are used ex gricultural produ ble to maintain so wn to maximize ntended to (1) pr uding hotels and rnational market olds that may be vert the proper nal agricultural p ing their own la at will be acquir hoose to join coo laborative activit tional Parks, o consulting ural program guous areas apability for Government he formation to individual xclusively for uce for the ome control the overall romote food resorts, and t. For these e granted do rty to non‐ program will ands as the red will also peratives or ties. These GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D m p t 7 T i f c c t f a a w f d c f s s A t i s e 174 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla measures would produced is of su the local tourism 7.3.5 Settlem The settlement ntended to supp families enjoy a h core area tha community funct these areas, ur functional and p areas, and publi areas with medi well as local com for adjacent ar destinations that community are c facilities include stores, and com should be provide A complement to the many uno nappropriate are serviced efficient electricity, road and Resource Ma help ensure tha ufficient quality a industry as well ment Restructu program that i port sustainable c high quality of lif t incorporates tions along with h ban design me leasant walking c transportation um and low‐den mercial and com reas. Proximity t serve daily nee lose at hand, sho e schools, play munity centres. ed with appropri o this plan is the occupied subdiv eas over the year tly and at reaso ds, and draina anagement Zonin at the agricultura and quantity to m as the local popu uring is recommended communities whe fe. Each settlem commercial, higher density re easures are req environments, co n facilities. Sett nsity residential munity facilities s y planning, wh eds or contribut ould be applied t grounds, church Both core and ate infrastructure recommendation visions that ha rs. Many of thes nable cost with age infrastructu ng Plan for Antigu al produce that meet the needs o ulation. d in this plan ere individuals an ent should have institutional an sidential areas. uired to provid onvenient parkin lement expansio developments a should be planne ich ensures tha e to the sense o hroughout. Thes hes, convenienc d expansion area e. n to decommissio ave emerged se areas cannot b water, sewerag ure. Individu ua and Barbuda ( is of is nd a nd In de ng on as ed at of se ce as on in be e, al househ should and th A “carr in inap proper result i Develo been settlem these s 7.3.6 The Ph bonds in thei bonds that la payme These acquire as outl have n the dev especia (including Redon holds who have be encouraged e land returned rot and stick” ap ppropriate subd rly serviced lot in n the majority of opment program singled out fo ments (Fig 5.1). settlements. Performance hysical Planning to ensure that pr r development p should be a stan psed developme nt of compensat provisions should e land for tourism lined at the time ot been develop velopers should b ally the case with nda) obtained leaseh to relocate in a to other uses su pproach that effe divisions and of n a nearby settle f cases. ms should priorit r specific roles Separate plans w e Bonds Act provides fo rivate developers permit (s27.j PP ndard practice. ent permits may ion (s30.2 PPA 20 d also be applied m and other pro e of approval. Th ped in accordance be withdrawn wi h respect to sever holds to lots in a settlement exp uch as agriculture ectively freezes d ffers an opportu ement may have tize communities s within the h will be required or the use of p s meet the condit A 2003). The u Further, it shou y be withdrawn 003). d to ensure that ojects complete t he leases for pro e with the plan p ithout compensa ral projects in Bar these areas pansion area e or grazing. evelopment unity for a the desired s that have ierarchy of for each of performance tions set out use of these ld be noted without the lessors who their project operties that proposed by tion. This is rbuda. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 7 I c h t o H v f l l d s o a o 7 A a a a p E p 175 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 7.3.7 Light Residen t is customary commercial and home‐based indu the opportunity overall communit However, larger visual pollution, for a residential ight industrial p evels, parking s developed by th service activities of decommission and stick” approa obnoxious land u 7.3.8 Acquire All public officers approved by Pa approval) into ac applications for public investme Existing land use provisions of the and Resource Ma Industrial a ntial Areas y for most res industrial func ustry. This flexib to develop m ty. enterprises that or other negativ neighbourhood, parks. Performa space, traffic vo he DCA to ensu do not occur in r ning inappropriat ach may have the se activities to re ed Rights s must take the arliament (or h ccount when con development pe nt and develop e activities and e plan and may anagement Zonin nd Service idential areas t tions that have bility offers indiv icro‐enterprises generate signific ve effects that ar , should be red nce criteria, wh olumes and the re that obnoxio residential areas. tely located subd e best results in p elocate. provisions of a p as been prepa nsidering decision ermits and/or th pment projects buildings are n continue. Inde ng Plan for Antigu Activities i to include som e developed as viduals household that benefit th cant traffic, nois re not appropriat irected to nearb ich include soun e like, should b ous industrial an . As with the cas divisions, a “carro persuading existin plan that has bee red and pendin ns relating to ne he preparation o (s16 PPA 2003 ot subject to th eed, should thes ua and Barbuda ( in me a ds he e, te by nd be nd se ot ng en ng w of 3). he se activiti cause, replace as poss 2003). Howev the co restrict “discon cases, c Should does n applica provide the pla 7.3.9 The La standin commu acquiri (s49.3 by res 2003). measu amenit (including Redon es or facilities b they may be ement buildings a sible and have th In effect existing ver, should the D ountry that an ted, or that an ntinuance notice compensation m a landowner wis not conform to ation for a zoni es some flexibilit an are observed. Compensatio nd Acquisition A ng required to unity are served ng land outright PPA 2003), or p tricted land use The Physical Pl re may be use ties, such as beac nda) e damaged or d e restored with are erected as clo e same cubic fee g uses may contin CA consider that existing use of existing building e” may be issued ay be claimed. sh to develop his o an approved ing change may ty while ensuring on and Acquisi Act provides the ensure that th d. This instrum t, securing a righ protecting sensiti e activities in pa anning Act (2003 d to secure pu ches. destroyed by fire h the provision ose to the previo et of space and us nue as “acquired t it is in the best f land be disco g be altered or d (s42 PPA 2003 or her land in a m plan or existin y be made. Th g that the centra ition Government wi he interests of ent includes the ht of passage fo ve environmenta articular location 3) specifically sta ublic access to e or another n that any ous locations ses (s64 PPA rights”. interests of ontinued or removed, a 3). In these manner that ng uses an his measure al tenants of th the legal the overall e option of r the public al resources ns (s55 PPA tes that this recreational GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D I c ( b d d e c p 7 T a r c 176 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla n addition to claimed in cases w (a) withdrawal or by the DCA to pe destroyed by fire discontinue an environmental p compensation is property. 7.4 Conclud The Physical Plan are required to e remains to appl country as a who and Resource Ma compulsory acq where the value r modification of ermit an owner t , hurricane or oth existing use, a protection area ( assessed with r ing Remarks nning Act (2003) p enable all of the m ly these provisio le. anagement Zonin quisition, compe of the land has d f a development to restore a build her natural disast and (d) the d (s64 PPA 2003). espect to the lo provides the lega measures propos ons in the best ng Plan for Antigu ensation may b depreciated due t permit, (b) refus ding that has bee ter, (c) an order t eclaration of a The amount o ss of value in th al instruments tha sed in this plan. t interests of th ua and Barbuda ( be to al en to an of he at It he (including Redonnda) GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D 177 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla CHAPTE and Resource Ma ER 8 anagement Zoninng Plan for Antigu IMPLEM ua and Barbuda ( MENTATI (including Redon ION nda) 1 D 8 8 T b r p t I c B i h n 178 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla 8.0 IMPLE 8.1 Short Te The aspects of t been recommend results of ongo projects have be term projects. n establishing t considered: 1. The impo integrity 2. The logic 3. The direc 4. The degr and 5. The cost Based on these c nterventions tha high impact, are nurture stakeho and Resource Ma EMENTATI erm Actions he projects arisi ded for priority ing dialogue w een divided into these key proje ortance of each of the SIRMZP; al sequence of in ct and indirect be ree of difficulty in of implementatio criteria, it is recom at curtail negativ ready to go at lo older interest anagement Zonin ION ng out of the SI implementation ith relevant sta a number of s ects, the follow intervention wi nterventions; enefits of the inte n implementing e on. mmended that p ve development w cost, build inst and involvemen ng Plan for Antigu RMZP which hav are based on th akeholders. Thes hort and mediu wing criteria wer th respect to th erventions; each interventio priority be given t tendencies, hav titutional capacit nt and are no ua and Barbuda ( ve he se m re he n; to ve ty, ot depend implem The sho nature minimu SIRMZP plan an profess securin As ou highlig (including Redon dent upon the mentation. ort term projects and are identi um investments P, the short term nd can be implem sional opinion th ng the endorsem tlined in Table hted will take pla nda) e completion o s outlined in Tabl ified as those w . Inclusive of th m projects are in c mented within a 1 hat these new p ment of stakehold 8.1 most pro ace in areas with of other interve le 8.1 are of majo with the largest he formal adop conformity with 1.5 year timefram projects will assis ders and the gen oposed short‐ter high visibility to t entions for or priority in t return for tion of the the ongoing me. It is our st greatly in neral public. rm projects the public. GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 1 1 1 1 1 1 179 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1.1 Deposit S must tak 1.2 Adopt SI 1.3 Enhance • Pe • Eq 1.4 Develop and deve 1.5 Prepare c • Ve • Fo in • Ex su • Pr 1.6 Impleme • Ve se • De ef • Pr and Resource Ma SIRMZP with Mi ke its provisions i RMZP capacity of DCA ersonnel quipment terms of referen elopment monito crown agricultur erify crown land i orm a committee dustry, food proc xamine alternati upport systems fo repare a report to ent settlement re erify status of e ervices and comm ecommission sub fficiently supplied repare and prio anagement Zonin T nister. Note: th nto account imm nce for an integr oring facility ral and grazing pl in affected areas e with representa cessors, market a ve models for or the agricultura o advance the loc estructuring polic existing subdivid munity facilities bdivisions that a d with services ritize plans for ng Plan for Antigu Task his step will have mediately. (PPA 2 rated GIS that inc lan ation from the Mi analyst, and priva state farms, fisc al sector cal agricultural se cy ded lands, estab re not substantia settlement exp Table 8.1 Recom ua and Barbuda ( e the result that 2003 s16.2) corporates a per inistry of Agricult ate farmers cal policy, and ector blish feasibility o ally occupied an ansion areas, in mmended Short T (including Redon all agencies D Pa M rmit tracking D ture, tourism government M D of providing d cannot be ncluding the D D Term Actions nda) R CA arliament Minister CA, Registry and, Ministry of Agricu ivisions CA, Min of Agr ivisions Min. of P Responsibility , Lands Divisions lture, DCA, Regis riculture, Registr Public Works, APU stry and, Lands ry and, Lands UA GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 1 1 1 180 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code pr • Of un 1.7 Strength • Id hi • Es • Pr hi • De ad • Pr 1.8 Develop • Id • W liv • Al co 1.9 Prepare a • Es • Id • Pr • De a and Resource Ma rovision of service ffer lots in settle ndeveloped, subd en core settleme entify or form erarchy stablish stakehold repare detailed m erarchy of settle etermine level dditional commu repare core settle squatter regular entify zones with Where feasible, p ving conditions in lternatively, offe onditions that ens and implement p stablish location o entify land requi repare preliminar evelop incentive activities anagement Zonin T es and communit ement expansion divisions that are ent areas village and pari der committees maps of central a ments of service for e nity facility and lo ement revitalizat rization and slum h spontaneous de repare plans to n slum areas r lots in designat sure equity with preliminary plan of cargo, ferry pa rements ry physical plans program for dev ng Plan for Antigu Task ty facilities n areas to those to be decommis sh councils for areas in towns a each settlement ocational require ion plans m improvement p evelopment and/ regularize inform ted core or expa others in need of for Barbuda por assenger, and ma velopment of po ua and Barbuda ( with tenure in ssioned. each settlement nd villages desig t in the hierarc ements plans /or slum conditio mal settlements a ansion settlemen f housing t area rina activities rt area and adjac (including Redon existing, but t within the nated in the chy, identify D ns. and improve nt areas with D cent tourism D A nda) R CA, Parishes, Vill CA, Parish Counc CA, Barbuda Co uthority Responsibility age Councils cils uncil, Antigua & Barbuda Port SGENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 1 1 8 U t b i l 181 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 1.10 Prepare • Fo fe • Es • Co • Es w • De ar • Pr • M 1.11 Prepare s • Re • Fo • De 8.2 Medium Upon formal ado the major items o but will bring sig ssues and large s onger term. and Resource Ma preliminary plan ormalize limits of eatures, such as w stablish stakehold omplete detailed stablish developm ith stakeholder c esignate priority reas within the SD repare and imple Monitor developm social and econo eview status of cu orm interagency r etermine comple m Term Action option of the shor of the SIRMZP in gnificant long ter scale capital proj anagement Zonin T ns for Special Dev f special develop watersheds der committees analysis of existi ment objectives ommittees y development p DAs ment a managem ment to ensure th omic developmen urrent planning e review committe ementarities of pl ns rt‐term projects, the future. These rm benefits. How ects such as the ng Plan for Antigu Task velopment Areas ment areas with ing and proposed and strategies f policies, program ment plans at SDA regulation nt plans efforts ees lanning efforts medium term pr e projects are ult wever, it should b implementation ua and Barbuda ( in Antigua due attention to d land use activiti for each SDA in ms, and projects ns are respected rojects would the timately associate be noted that th of major propos (including Redon o biophysical es consultation for specific D Re D M en follow as high ed with significan hese projects are ed land use, tran nda) R CA, Public Works egistry and, Land CA, Economic Po Min. of Social Tran hlighted in Table ntly higher costs e recommended nsportation and i Responsibility s, APUA, Tourism ds Divisions olicy, nsformation 8.2, which would than the short te to tackle the mo nfrastructural pla , Environment, d implement erm projects ore complex ans over the GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 2 2 2 2 182 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 2.1 Prepare d • Fo DC Co • Pr • Es 2.2 Prepare w • Re • Es la • Pr • Pr 2.3 Prepare • Re • Re • Pr 2.4 Improve • Re • Co • Ac • De and Resource Ma drainage plans fo orm Watershed CA, DCA, Min. onservation Divis repare drainage p stablish monitorin water, sewerage eview current str stablish alternativ nd use activities, repare plans for s repare plans to im roadway improv eview sectors wit eview congestion repare roadway a ferry service to B eview current ser onstruct dock fac cquire new ferry evelop and imple anagement Zonin or each of the ma and Coastal Zon of Works & Tr sions. Possible inc plan ng program e, and drainage p ucture and servic ve infrastructura and topographic settlement core a mprove sanitation vement plans th inadequate roa n hotspots and signalization Barbuda rvice and explore cilities in Barbuda watercraft ement enhanced Ta ng Plan for Antigu Task ajor watersheds ne Management ransport, APUA, clusion of NGO re plans for Antigua ce levels al approaches for c conditions and expansion ar n services in St. Jo adway access plan for Antigua e alternative servi a ferry service ble 8.2 Recomme ua and Barbuda ( Committee with Forestry, Fishe epresentatives. and Barbuda r settlements wi eas ohn’s ice structures use ended Medium T (including Redon h representation eries, Soil and W th different den ed in other count Term Actions nda) from Water DCA, Mi APUA, F Water Co sities, APUA, Pu Public W tries DCA, Bar Responsibility in. of Works & Forestry, Fisherie onservation Divis ublic Works, DCA Works rbuda Council y & Transport, es, Soil and sions A, Health GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 2 2 2 183 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 2.5 Prepare e • Re • De • De ex 2.6 Develop • As sc • Ex Ba • El • Im 2.7 Prepare e • Co in • Es • Co • Id • As • Id co • Se • Co and Resource Ma energy plan eview alternative etermine implica evelop energy g xternal to the cou environmental c ssemble commit chool system and xplore alternativ arbuda and elsew aborate conserva mplement conserv environmental a onsult with inte ventories concer stablish map base omplete site visit entify best marin ssess landscape q entify trail netw ompromising criti eek international onstruct wharf, la anagement Zonin e energy program tions of energy p guidelines that untry conservation and ttee of environm tourism ve conservation where ation and educat vation and educa and conservation ernational envir rning Redonda, su e for Redonda t in company of e ne access quality and enviro work that offers ical biophysical fe funding to suppo anding facility, tra ng Plan for Antigu Task ms programs for sett favour renewal d education prog mental stakehold and educationa ion policy ation policy in sel tourism plan for ronmental agenc uch as Fauna & F nvironmentalists onmental feature visitors an oppo eatures. ort project ail network, and ua and Barbuda ( lement and touri energy and m ram and projects ders, including re l programs curr ected environme r Redonda cies that have lora Internationa s and tourism offi es ortunity to explo signage (including Redon ism policies minimize expend s epresentatives o rently in Antigua ental protection a completed res al icials ore the island wi nda) itures APUA, En of the a and areas DCA, Env ource ithout DCA, Tou Responsibility nergy Desk (PM’s vironment, urism, Environme y s Office) ent GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 1 D C 2 A s s e p w a u e T t a p o a v t t 184 | P a g e December 2011 Sustainable Isla Code 2.8 Prepare • Fo • Es • Es • Pr As all who have b surely attest, th sometimes in co expected as we proved difficult t with respect to w and sometimes o understand not expectations of th The GENIVAR pla to the Governme as, the many stak provide guidance often difficult du and national ‐ th very much appre their frustrations treasured. We h and Resource Ma Parish and comm orm Parish and Co stablish stakehold stablish planning repare plans been involved in he plan‐making nflict, and filled delve as deeply to resolve over a which many in t opposing positio only the factua he people who w anning team wou ent of Antigua an keholders who ca e as the plan u e to the number hat needed to be eciate the willing s and aspirations hope that the pla anagement Zonin munity Physical P ommunity Counc der committees goals, objectives the preparation process is oft with surprises. y as we can into a very long perio the community h ns. What is so al base, but also will be affected by uld like to expres d Barbuda and th ame forward to o nfolded. While r of issues ‐ regio e addressed at t gness with which s for a region th anning measures ng Plan for Antigu Task Plans cils s, and strategies. of the SIRMZP w ten very intens This is only to b o issues that hav od of time, issue have taken stron critical here is t o, the values an y the Plan. ss its appreciatio he SIRMM, as we offer opinions an this process wa onal, inter‐region the same time w h so many share at is clearly muc that are include ua and Barbuda ( will e, be ve es ng to nd on ell nd as al we ed ch ed in this reflect In add stakeh proces traditio given encour along t surely plannin while s A plan, road m stakeh and ma (including Redon plan will help t the personal and dition, it must olders were mos s that in man onal planning pra to engaging th raging. While the the way, this app lead to signific ng and implemen still respecting the , of‐course, is ne map that may olders. What is ake adjustments nda) DCA, Par the region move d collective aspira be mentioned st supportive du y respects rep actice in Antigua he local populat ere have been (a proach to plannin cant benefits in ntation efforts tha e national develo ver really finishe be followed o important is to as the implemen Responsibility rish Council e forward in dire ations of its resid that the Client ring the planning resents a depa and Barbuda. Th tion has been and will be) many ng is most welco the form of c at truly reflect lo opment priorities ed. Rather, it sim over some year get started, asse ntation proceeds. y ections that ents. and other g process, a arture from he emphasis particularly y challenges ome and will collaborative cal interests s. mply offers a s by many ess progress GENIVAR Tr;nidad & Tobago 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part1.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part2.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part3.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part4.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part5.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part6.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part7.pdf 111215 Draft NPDP 2011 part8.pdf