Papua New Guinea [industrial] → Canada (refine) → Australia · Sale and settlement of refined gold

货物起点

Doré bar - unstamped → Doré bar - stamped/exporter-sealed

• Export duty on gold

  None found (administrative fees only)

  未经核实金额未确认

• Gold Export Licence application fee

  K5,000 per application (annual)

  官方指引金额未确认

• Mineral royalty

  2% Mined product incl. doré and concentrate

  官方指引金额未确认

  • Mining Act 1992, s.148

• Alluvial Mining Lease application fee

  PGK 250

  官方指引金额未确认

• MRA production levy

  0.25% (2014) - 0.5% (statutory maximum; reported current rate 2025)

  官方指引金额未确认

  • Mineral Resources Authority Act, s.30(3)-(4) per DMPGM 2014

• Travellers may take PNG or foreign currency up to K20,000; more needs BPNG authority on Form-C1 (with tax clearance, passport, ticket). Customs currency declaration system being rolled out, most advanced at Jacksons International Airport (APG 2024).

  K20,000

  官方指引金额未确认

  • FE Manual FE Notice 8; Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963, 8.5; item 13A

• Dealers in precious metals are DNFBPs: risk-based CDD, enhanced CDD for PEPs, SMR within 5 working days, Threshold Transaction Report for cash or bearer instruments of K20,000 or more within 10 working days, international funds transfer reports of K20,000 or more, records for 7 years. FASU is the su…

  K20,000 cash (TTR)

  官方指引金额未确认

  • AMLCTF Act 2015, ss.5, 20-29, 39, 47-50

• Alluvial mining is reserved to PNG citizens (AML only for citizens/land groups; alluvial mining leases need 51% national ownership). The 2021 Alluvial Mining Policy extends the reservation to buying and exporting alluvial gold, with existing foreign operators exempted. Confirmed by the Mining Minist…

  官方指引

  • Mining Act 1992 s.48; Alluvial Mining Policy 2021

• No person may take or send gold out of (or bring into) PNG without BPNG's written consent; alluvial gold, concentrates and gold compounds are a restricted export under Customs item 13B. In practice: annual Gold Export Licence plus a per-shipment authorisation (Form G) for consignments above K5,000; …

  K5,000 per consignment

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000; Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963, s.24; item 13B

• Refining agreement must reference LBMA spot with a discount of no more than 2%; export sales in USD at LBMA spot.

  官方指引

  • BPNG Requirements and Operational Requirements for Gold Export Licence (2015)

• All export proceeds must be received through an authorised dealer, repatriated and converted into kina: within 2 weeks of export for alluvial Gold Export Licence holders; within 3 months of shipment under FE Notice 6. Sales abroad in USD at LBMA spot. Mineral exporters may not use forward exchange c…

  2 weeks (alluvial GEL); 3 months (general)

  官方指引金额未确认

  • BPNG Operational Requirements (2015); FE Manual, FE 6.5, 17.5; FX Operational Guidelines 9.9.5

• A person holding gold (other than for professional use) must sell it within one month to BPNG, an authorised dealer, or with written consent to a person outside PNG; only BPNG and authorised dealers may buy gold (s.26). BPNG's FE Manual nonetheless states domestic resident-to-resident gold trade is …

  1 month from possession

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, ss.25-26

途经

Doré bar - stamped/exporter-sealed → LBMA Good Delivery 400oz bar

• GST on imported precious metal

  Non-taxable Imported precious metals under any circumstances (SOR/91-31 s.3(a)); unwrought gold, waste and scrap and gold concentrates imported to be refined into precious metals (s.3(b))

  法律原文

  • Excise Tax Act; Non-Taxable Imported Goods (GST/HST) Regulations, ETA Sched VII s.8; SOR/91-31 s.3(a), (b)

• GST/HST on 'precious metal' (gold bars, ingots, coins, wafers of 99.5%+)

  Zero-rated when supplied by the refiner or the person on whose behalf it was refined (Sched VI Part IX s.3); otherwise exempt as a financial service (Sched V Part VII s.1); supplies by a financial institution to a non-resident zero-rated (Sched VI Part IX s.1) ref.ms-gd400, ref.ms-9999 bars; not doré, granules or jewellery

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Excise Tax Act, s.123(1); Sched V Part VII s.1; Sched VI Part IX ss.1, 3

• GST/HST on doré and other non-qualifying gold

  5% GST (s.165(1)), or HST in participating provinces; exports zero-rated where Sched VI Part V s.1 applies Doré, granules, scrap sold domestically; refining fees charged to metal owners

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Excise Tax Act, s.165(1), (2); Sched VI Part V s.1

• Customs duty on gold (7108) and gold scrap (7112.91)

  Free (MFN and every applicable preferential tariff, incl. UST, CPTPT, UKT) Doré, bullion, powder, semi-manufactures, monetary gold, gold scrap

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Customs Tariff, 7108.11-7108.20, 7112.91

• S.C. 2026, c. 4 (Bill C-12, royal assent 26 Mar 2026) amended the PCMLTFA and the AMP Regulations: penalty ranges per violation $1 to $40,000 (minor), $1 to $4,000,000 (serious) and $1 to $20,000,000 (very serious) (AMP Regulations s.5, as amended by s.118), subject to the Act's maxima of $4,000,000…

  法律原文

  • PCMLTFA and PCMLTF AMP Regulations as amended by S.C. 2026, c. 4, Act ss.9.6(1.1), 73.1; SOR/2007-292 s.5

• CBSA officers may enter premises where goods destined for export are reported, loaded or stored and examine them (Customs Act ss.97.01-97.02, added by S.C. 2026, c. 4, Part 1).

  法律原文

  • Customs Act, ss.97.01, 97.02

• Extractive entities (listed in Canada, or meeting two of $20m assets, $40m revenue, 250 employees) must report and publish payments of $100,000 or more per category per payee to governments in Canada and abroad within 150 days after year end; keep records 7 years; fine up to $250,000 (ESTMA ss.8, 9,…

  法律原文

  • Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act, ss.8, 9, 13, 24

• A DPMS receiving $10,000 or more in cash in a single transaction must file a large cash transaction report (unless from a financial entity or public body); amounts received within 24 consecutive hours from or for the same person are aggregated.

  $10,000 cash

  法律原文金额未确认

  • PCMLTF Regulations, ss.66, 126

• No exchange control or export-proceeds repatriation requirement identified.

  未经核实

• Since 2025 the Ontario Minister may suspend MLAS access, prohibit or terminate prospector's licences, deny leases and (with Lieutenant Governor in Council approval) cancel claims or terminate leases for the protection of the strategic national mineral supply chain.

  法律原文

  • Ontario Mining Act, ss.4.1(8)-(14), 26.1, 81(1.1), 176.1

• No legal cap on cash payments for gold is in force. Bill C-2 (Strong Borders Act, first reading 3 Jun 2025) Part 11 would add PCMLTFA s.77.5 making it an offence for a person or entity engaged in a business to accept a cash payment, donation or deposit of $10,000 or more (single or prescribed relate…

  $10,000 (proposed)

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Bill C-2 (not enacted), proposed PCMLTFA s.77.5

• Travellers must declare currency or monetary instruments of CAN$10,000 or more; gold bullion is not a monetary instrument and moves as goods through customs.

  CAN$10,000

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Cross-border Currency and Monetary Instruments Reporting Regulations, ss.1, 2

• Dealers in precious metals and precious stones are PCMLTFA reporting entities for purchases or sales of $10,000 or more (compliance program, KYC, beneficial ownership, PEPs, records kept at least five years, STR, LCTR, LVCTR, listed-person property and sanctions-evasion reports). Excluded: purchases…

  $10,000 per purchase or sale

  法律原文金额未确认

  • PCMLTF Regulations, ss.1(2), 65, 148

• Export reporting (not licensing): non-monetary gold must be declared through CERS/G7 EDI when worth CAD 2,000+ and going anywhere but the US; exports to the US of non-restricted goods are exempt.

  CAD 2,000; US destinations exempt

  法律原文金额未确认

  • Customs Act s.95; Reporting of Exported Goods Regulations, REGR ss.3, 6(b), 7

• Tariff item 9897.00.00 prohibits importation of "Goods manufactured or produced wholly or in part by prison labour" and "Goods mined, manufactured or produced wholly or in part by forced labour or child labour as those terms are defined in section 2 of the Fighting Against Forced Labour and Child La…

  法律原文

  • Customs Tariff, Schedule, tariff item 9897.00.00

• Canada hosts three LBMA Good Delivery gold refiners: Royal Canadian Mint (Ottawa, listed ~1919), CCR Refinery - Glencore Canada Corporation (Montreal East, ~1956) and Asahi Refining Canada Limited (Brampton, 15/06/1961). Output is accepted in London; Asahi and the Mint also state COMEX acceptance.

  标准

• Gold is not on the Export Control List: no export permit, licence or state approval is required to export gold, and no state buyer or export monopoly exists.

  法律原文

  • Export and Import Permits Act; Export Control List, EIPA s.13; SOR/89-202

• Every Ontario patent, lease or other disposition of lands, claims or mining rights is subject to the condition that "all ores or minerals raised or removed therefrom shall be treated and refined in Canada so as to yield refined metal or other product suitable for direct use in the arts without furth…

  法律原文

  • Ontario Mining Act, s.91

• No person in Canada or Canadian abroad may export, sell, supply or ship unwrought (710812) or semi-manufactured (710813) gold, wherever situated, to Russia or to any person in Russia (Schedule 6 Part 1 items 176-177; also jewellery and other listed articles). Exception: personal effects.

  法律原文

  • Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations, s.3.08, Schedule 6 Part 1 items 176-177

• Persons in Canada and Canadians abroad may not import, purchase or acquire any Schedule 9 good from Russia or from any person in Russia: gold powder (710811), other unwrought (710812), semi-manufactured (710813), monetary gold (710820), jewellery (711319) and goldsmiths' wares (711419) of precious m…

  法律原文

  • Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations, s.3.11, Schedule 9

• No person in Canada or Canadian abroad may import, purchase or acquire Schedule 13 goods, wherever situated, from Russia or a person in Russia; Schedule 13 item 137 is heading 7112 (waste and scrap of precious metal). Added by SOR/2025-143.

  法律原文

  • Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations, s.3.16, Schedule 13 item 137

• Entities producing, selling or distributing goods, or importing goods, that are listed in Canada or meet two of $20m assets, $40m revenue, 250 employees must report to the Minister by May 31 each year on steps taken to prevent forced and child labour in their supply chains (S.C. 2023, c. 9, ss.2, 9,…

  法律原文

  • Fighting Against Forced Labour and Child Labour in Supply Chains Act, ss.9, 11

货物终点

• GST - first supply of precious metal after refining

  GST-free (0%, input credits allowed) First supply of precious metal after its refining by, or on behalf of, the supplier, where the refiner is a "refiner of precious metal" and the recipient a "dealer in precious metal" (each: an entity that satisfies the Commissioner of the activity - s.195-1)

  法律原文金额未确认

  • A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999, s.38-385; s.195-1

• GST on importation of precious metal

  Non-taxable importation (precious metal); otherwise GST 10% of the value of the taxable importation (customs value plus international transport and insurance, s.13-20) Imported gold that meets the precious-metal definition is a non-taxable importation because its supply would be input taxed or GST-free (s.13-10(b)); dore and other gold outside the definition is a taxable importation

  法律原文金额未确认

  • A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999, ss.13-5, 13-10(b), 13-20

• GST - other supplies of precious metal

  Input taxed (no GST charged; no input tax credits) Gold (in an investment form) of at least 99.5% fineness (s.195-1 precious metal); "investment form" is not defined in the Act - the ATO describes it as a coin, wafer, bar or other tradeable form with an internationally accepted hallmark (LBMA-approved for gold)

  法律原文

  • A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999, s.40-100; s.195-1

• GST reverse charge on supplies of goods containing valuable metal

  10% of the price, payable by the recipient A taxable supply of goods consisting wholly or partly of valuable metal (gold, silver, platinum) to a recipient registered or required to be registered, where the market value of the goods does not exceed the valuable metal threshold (i.e. is not at least 10% above the value of the metal in them) or the parties agree in writing - e.g. scrap, dore and other non-investment gold

  法律原文金额未确认

  • A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999, Division 86 (ss.86-5, 86-10, 86-25); s.195-1 valuable metal

• Customs duty on gold

  Free HS 7108.11.00, 7108.12.00, 7108.13.00, 7108.20.00 and 7112.91.00 (general rate Free; the rate footnote: FTA originating goods Free unless otherwise shown)

  官方指引金额未确认

  • Customs Tariff Act 1995, Schedule 3

• Buying or selling bullion (gold, silver, platinum or palladium as a bar, coin, ingot, plate, wafer or like form, bearing a mark guaranteeing fineness and traded by reference to the spot price) in the course of carrying on a bullion-dealing business is a designated service: enrolment, AML/CTF program…

  法律原文

  • AML/CTF Act 2006, s.5 (bullion); s.6(3) table 2 item 1; ss.39E, 41, 43, 51B

• Buying or selling precious metal (gold, silver, platinum-group metals, or an alloy with at least 2% of them, manufactured or not), precious stones or precious products in the course of carrying on a business, where the purchase involves physical currency and/or virtual assets totalling $10,000 or mo…

  $10,000 in physical currency and/or virtual assets

  法律原文

  • AML/CTF Act 2006 as amended by the AML/CTF Amendment Act 2024, s.5A; s.6(3) table 2 item 2; Amendment Act s.2 and Sch 3 Pt 4 items 11-12

    “buying or selling one or more of the following items in the course of carrying on a business, where the purchase involves the transfer of physical currency or virtual assets (or a combination of physical currency and virtual assets) with a total value of not less than $10,000, whether the purchase is made in a single transaction or in several transactions that are linked or appear to be linked: (a) precious metal; (b) precious stones; (c) precious products”

• Export markets accept Australian bars through the refiner's LBMA Good Delivery listing and exchange accreditations (CME, SGE, OSE, DGCX for the Perth Mint).

  行业惯例

• No economy-wide cap on cash payments was found. Reporting entities must report threshold transactions (transfers of $10,000 or more in physical currency) to AUSTRAC within 10 business days (s.43; s.5). Moving monetary instruments worth $10,000 or more into or out of Australia must be reported (s.53)…

  $10,000 (reporting, not a limit)

  法律原文

  • AML/CTF Act 2006, ss.5, 43, 53

    “monetary instrument means any of the following: (a) physical currency; (b) a bearer negotiable instrument; (c) a thing prescribed by the AML/CTF Rules.”

• No foreign-exchange control or repatriation requirement on gold export proceeds was identified.

  未经核实

• No export permit or licence for gold (it is not a prohibited export). The owner must enter goods for export by an export declaration and may not load them without an authority to deal (export entry advice); consignments with an FOB value of $2,000 or less are exempt unless a permission is required. …

  FOB value above $2,000

  法律原文

  • Customs Act 1901, ss.113(1)-(2A), 113AA, 114, 114C, 116

    “an FOB value not exceeding $2,000 or such other amount as is prescribed”

• Origin and CAHRA due diligence on supplies is imposed on Australian refiners by the LBMA RGG as a Good Delivery condition, not by Australian statute.

  二手资料

• Importing, purchasing or transporting gold (HS 7108) that was exported from Russia after 30 Sep 2022 is a sanctioned import (Designation Sch 1 item 16; AS Regulations reg 4A(1)-(3)) and an offence unless authorised by a permit of the Minister for Foreign Affairs under reg 18(1)(b) (reg 12A); it exte…

  法律原文

  • Autonomous Sanctions (Import Sanctioned Goods-Russia) Designation 2022 Sch 1 item 16; Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011 regs 4A, 12A, 18; Autonomous Sanctions Act 2011 s.16

• Supplying, selling or transferring an item of gold, precious metals and diamonds so that it is transferred to the Government of Syria (or its public bodies, agents or controlled entities) is a sanctioned supply, and importing or purchasing such an item from them is a sanctioned import; both are offe…

  法律原文

  • Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011, regs 4(4), 4A(4), 12, 12A, 18

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