U.S. Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security

3.1 Women entrepreneurs and

4.1 Understanding of barriers - 1.1 women and girls have access to education and skills building opportunities. - 2.1 Public and private sector investment in care infrastructure increases. - women-led businesses access capital and digital technologies to start, grow, and adapt their businesses. - to women's economic security is increased through improved data collection.

4.2 Legal frameworks 1.2 social, legal, policy, and - -

3.2 Women entrepreneurs and supporting women's economic institution supports and 2.2 Social and legal protections - protections are improved for women's access to and improve to support caregivers and domestic workers. - institutions serving women entrepreneurs improve security, including prohibiting gender-based violence and business knowledge and skills. harassment, are strengthened, retention in well-paying jobs. implemented, and enforced.

2.3 Women's influence -

1.3 Women access professional development and leadership opportunities. - is strengthened through education, advocacy, and collective action. -

3.3 Women entrepreneurs have networks of support and collectively voiced their needs. - 4.3 Women's rights t o land and property are cod ified into law and upheld in practice.

2.4 Socia I norms are 4.4 Early education for girls is - tra nsformed to advance care infrastructure and value domestic work. - adapted and strengthened to create pathways to jobs and career advancement.

4.5 Harmful social norms, including those that perpetuate Interventions promoting women's economic security proactively address emerging issues such as COVID-19, - gender-based violence, are transformed to uphold women's right to meaningful economic climate change, conflict, and crisis that disproportionately impact women's economic opportunities. participation. U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE III Page46 of 59 The indicators selected will help determine progress supporting it (U.S. Strategy on Women Peace and across the U.S. Government toward achieving our Security, the U.S. Strategy to Prevent and Respond to vision. Each Agency and Department is unique, with Gender-Based Violence Globally, and this U.S. Strategy different expertise and mandates to contribute to our on Global Women's Economic Security), success does vision, and different ways of measuring contributions. not solely lie in the final outcomes we are able to Overall metrics for the Strategy are therefore intended achieve, but also in the process by which we do our to understand what we can achieve as a collective work in order to effect lasting change. An important interagency, while each Agency and Department will feature of the Strategy metrics is the process-oriented likely choose more detailed and fulsome metrics that milestones that are common across the strategies capture their contributions as articulated in their under the National Gender Strategy. implementation plan. In order to gather data that Departments and Agencies will prepare their reports is both useful and feasible across the interagency, we have worked to select metrics that are relevant for submission to the White House Gender Policy Council annually, with the expectation that a single, to as many stakeholders as possible and that have U.S. Government consolidated report will be published been used and validated widely both across U.S. every year. Each Department and Agency contributing government interagency stakeholders as well as non- to the implementation of the Strategy will document governmental partners and multilateral stakeholders. how they will collect and measure progress for annual Custom metrics for the Strategy will require further reporting and which metrics they plan to report definition from each reporting Department and Agency against. There will be expected variations in indicator that captures more precise units of measurement selection based on each Agency and Department's and methodologies specific to their work and data mission and organizational structure. Reporting will collection . Where definitions of custom metrics include qualitative narratives to fully capture each differ, they will be presented in the report as separate Department and Agency's implementation of the indicators and will not be aggregated. Strategy. Combining and analyzing each Department In measuring our progress in implementing the and Agency's reporting across the interagency will Strategy, we aim to measure not only what we require the Gender Policy Council and leadership to achieve, but also how we achieve it. As articulated in synthesize the reports, as described in the process the National Strategy for Gender Equity and Equality milestones below. (National Gender Strategy) as well as the strategies United States Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security Page47 of 59 State Department photo by Freddie Everett/ Public Domain Metrics by Line of Effort Overall Strategy Output # Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies O.a Percentage of female participants39 in USG-assisted programs State, USAID, USADF, MCC, IAF, Peace Corps, designed to increase access to productive economic resources Labor, HHS (e.g., assets, credit, income or employment) (FA indicator: GNDR-2) O.b Number of persons trained with USG assistance40 to advance State, USAID, USADF, MCC, Peace Corps, Labor outcomes consistent with gender equality or female empowerment through their roles in public or private sector and/or civil society institutions or organizations (FA indicator: GNDR8) O.c Number of bilateral or multilateral USG engagements promoting State, Treasury the advancement of women's economic security (Custom) O.d Value of commitments made for the advancement of women's State, USAID, IAF, Labor economic security (Custom) O.e Number of new partnerships created for the advancement of the State, Labor WES Strategy (Custom) U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE III Page48 of 59 Line of Effort 1: Promoting Economic Competitiveness through Well-paying, Quality Jobs Long-term outcome: Women achieve economic competitiveness through well-paying, quality jobs and decent work. Short-term outcomes:

1.1 Women and girls have access to education and skills-building opportunities, including in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields

1.2 Social, legal, employer policy, and institutional supports and protections are improved for women's access to and retention in well-paying jobs

1.3 Women have access to professional development and are recruited, retained, and promoted into management and leadership opportunities # Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies 1.a-1 Percent of individuals with better employment following participation State, USAID, HHS in USG-assisted workforce development programs (FA indicator EG.6- 15, sex disaggregated) 1.a-2 Number of women whose job quality has improved4 1 after Labor participating in USG-assisted workforce development program or labor rights program (Custom, in alignment with ILO and SDG 8) 1.b Percent of USG supported firms led by women (Custom) DFC Line of Effort 2: Advancing Care Infrastructure and Valuing Domestic Work Long-term outcome: Women and girls access a strengthened global care infrastructure that includes protections for the caregiving workforce Short-term outcomes:

2.1 Public and private sector investment in care infrastructure increases.

2.2 Social and legal protections improve to support caregivers and domestic workers.

2.3 Women's influence is strengthened through education, advocacy, and collective action.

2.4 Social norms are transformed to advance care infrastructure and value domestic work. # Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies 2.a Number of strategic diplomatic engagements to promote care State· infrastructure 2.b Number of civil society and/or private sector consultations to State' promote care infrastructure 'other Departments and Agencies will report as applicable. United States Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security Page49 of 59 Line of Effort 3: Promoting Entrepreneurship and Financial, and Digital Inclusion, including through Trade and Investment Long-term outcome: Women entrepreneurs, women-led businesses, women workers, and women labor leaders have the tools and opportunities to grow their businesses and compete in local, regional, and global marketplaces Short-term outcomes:

3.1 Women entrepreneurs and women-led businesses access capital to start, grow, and adapt their businesses.

3.2 Women entrepreneurs and institutions serving women entrepreneurs improve business knowledge and skills.

3.3 Women entrepreneurs have networks of support and collectively voice their needs. # I Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies 3.a Total number of clients4 benefiting from financial servicesS provided State, USAID, MCC, USADF, DFC, HHS through USG-assisted financial intermediaries, including non- financial institutions, intermediaries, or actors (FA indicator EG.4.2-1; sex disaggregated) 3.b Total number of clients provided USG-supported training in business, USADF, Labor, MCC trade and investment, entrepreneurship, and/or labor rights (Custom; sex disaggregated; disaggregated by training type) 3.c-1 Number of women-owned and/or women-led MSMEs and USADF, MCC, DFC, IAF enterprises supported by USG assistance42 {Custom; disaggregated by enterprise type) 3.c-2 Number of small, and medium-sized enterprises supported by USG USAID, State assistance (FA indicator EG.5-12; sex disaggregated) 3.d Amount invested in financing or supporting women-owned DFC enterprises (Custom) 3.e Number of women entrepreneurs reporting an increase in business USADF income and/or financing following USG support (Custom) U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE III Page50 of 59 Line of Effort 4: Dismantling Systemic Gender Barriers Long-term outcome: Systemic gender barriers are transformed to enable women's meaningful participation. Short-term outcomes:

4.1 Understanding of barriers to women's economic security is increased through improved data collection.

4.2 Legal frameworks supporting women's economic security, including prohibiting gender-based violence and harassment, are strengthened and implemented.

4.3 Women's right to own land and property are codified into law and upheld in practice.

4.4 Early education for girls is adapted and strengthened to create pathways to jobs and career advancement.

4.5 Discriminatory and harmful social norms, including those that perpetuate gender-based violence (GBV), are transformed to uphold women's rights to meaningful econom ic participation. # I Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies 4.a Number of legal instruments7 drafted, proposed, or adopted with State, USAID, MCC, Labor USG assistance designed to promote gender equality or non- discrimination against women or girls at the national or sub-national level (FA indicator GNDR-1) 4.b Number of legal instruments drafted, proposed, or adopted with USG State, USAID, MCC assistance designed to improve prevention of or response to sexual and gender-based violence at the national or sub-national level (FA indicator GNDR-5) 4.c Number of adults provided with legally recognized and documented State, USAID, MCC tenure rights to land or marine areas, as a result of USG assistance (FA indicator EG.10.4-7; sex disaggregated) 4.d Percentage of participants reporting increased agreement with State, USAID the concept that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political resources and opportunities (FA indicator GNDR-4) United States Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security Page 51 of 59 Core Process Milestones The U.S. Strategy on Globa l Women's Econom ic Security, in alignment with the National Gender Strat egy, acknowledges that we can not achieve our intended vision or outcomes if we do not conduct our core fu nctions in a way that promotes gender equity and equality. We w ill track progress toward the following m ilestones as a key pa rt of our overall monitoring of the St rategy's achievement s. # I Metrics Reporting Departments/Agencies P.l Annual NSC and Department/Agency Leadership Progress All Reflections43 P.2 Annual USG Civil Society and Private Sector Consultations All P.3 Annual Public Evaluation/Report of Progress and Iteration for Plans All and Metrics44 P.4 Departments/Agencies implementing the U.S. Strategy on Global State, USAID Women's Economic Security articu late a plan for Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (PSEA) Standards P.5 Resources used for implementation of the U.S. Strategy on Global State, USAID Women's Economic Security t racked and analyzed P.6 Gender analysis informs Departments' and Agencies' policies, State, USAID, MCC programs, and strategies P.7 Process for coordination across implementing departments/agencies All of strategies under the National Gender Strategy is defined, with the expectation of a biannual interagency coordination meeting P.8 Departments/Agencies implementing the U.S. Strategy on Global State, USAID, MCC Women's Economic Security require the collection of gender- sensit ive data, including but not limited to sex-disaggregated data as a standard practice in data collection, analysis, and use for strategies, programming, and policies U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE II I Page52 of 59 State Department photo by Freddie Everett/ Public Domain Page 53 of 59 The White House Gender Policy Council is grateful for the countless hours, dedication, thoughtful input, and deep expertise that guided the development of this U.S. Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security. We thank the twelve U.S. Government Departments and Agencies and each of the components within the Executive Office of the President for their contributions. Senior Designees from each Department and Agency shared their vision, ideas, and feed back on the content of this Strategy. The creation of this U.S. Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security has only been possi ble through collaboration across the federal government and extensive engagement with domestic and international partners. We are also grateful to t he diverse range of external stakeholders who provided input and recommendations for the strategy. We thank the more t han 200 nonprofit and commu nity-based organizations, civil society groups, private sector entities, unions, worker organizations, and academics representing more than 30 countries from around the world for their critical insights as well as the va luable perspectives offered by our partners in other governments and multilateral organizations. Just as the formation of this Strategy would not have been possible without rigorous engagement from a broad group of stakeholders, our continued collaboration will be key to guaranteeing its successful implementation and long-term sustainability. We look forward to continu ing this collaborat ion in the years ahead, in service of our vision of a world where women and girls around the world are economically secure and can fully, meaningfully, and equitably contribute to and benefit from global prosperity, rega rdless of their race, color, ethnicity, national origin, religion, disability, sexua l orientation, gender identity or expression, or sex characteristics. U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE Ill Page 54 of 59 Photo by Morgana Winga rd Page 55 of 59 1 Decent work, as embodied i n the four pillars of the ILO's Decent Work Agenda, is the convergence of job creation, rights at work, social protection, and social dialogue. See: ILO, Decent Work 2 ILO Brief, What Works No.10, Economic Impacts of Reducing the Gender Gap 3 World Economic Forum, " Global Gender Gap Report 2021." 4 World Bank, Women Business and the Law report 2022 5 Canning, David et al. 2021. The Lancet. " The economic consequences of reproductive health and family planning." Volume 380, Issue 9837, 165-171. 6 Economic Benefits of Investing in Women's Health: A Systematic Review by Krist ine Husoy, Onarhe- im, Johanne Helene Iversen and David E. Bloom. Demonstrates t hat poor health among women has generat ional repercussions and impacts t heir current labor force participation. 1 Sarah Gammage, Shareen Joshi & Yana van der Meulen Rodgers (2020} The Intersections of Women's Economic and Reproductive Empowerment, Feminist Economics, 26:1, 1-22, DO I: Specific study sou rces cited: {Thevenon 2016; Strupat 2017; Connelly et al. 2018). 8 ILO, Building Forward Fairer: Women's rights to work and at work at the core of the COVID-19 recovery 9 ILO, Over 2 million moms left the labour force in 2020 according to new global estimates 10 UNICEF, 10 million additional girls at risk of child marriage due to COVID-19 11 Political participation by women leads to increases in women's economic participation, empow- erment and other benefits: Gates Foundat ion case study: Bolivia 1993 - 2010; Gates Foundation Case study: India - Himachal Pradesh 1990-2015. 12 U.S. Congress, S.3247 - Women's Entrepreneurship and Economic Empowerment Act of 2018 13 Trade Policy St aff Committee (ref: 19 USC 2171) 14 TPCC (ref: 15 USC 4727) 15 The Do No Harm principle is derived from the DNH principle or Hippocrat ic Oath in the medical field and was adapted to t he humanitarian field in the 1990s and 2000s wit h the recognition that in fragile and conflict affected states, aid has the potential to exacerbate conflict and can do harm, particularly among the most marginalized communities. It has since been more widely used across the development field as well. See also OECD: Principles for Good International Engagement In Fragile States & Situations 16 The U.S. and 20 donors signed mutual commitments at t he International Safeguarding Summit in London i n 2018. This was followed by the OECD-DAC developing PSEA pillars that t he USG also endorsed. 17 The "Nothing about us without us" principle comes from South Africa. It was a slogan used in the 1990s by the disability rights movement. It has since been adopted by human rights actors and U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE III Page56 of 59 those in the development and humanit arian fields to convey t hat people from marginalized communities who are often excluded from decision-making spaces should have seats at the table particularly when articulating policy and act ions that di rectly affect them. 18 See: ILO, Decent Work 19 Econ lib, Opportunity Cost 20 Evans, Nancy J. and Jamie Washington (2000). " Becoming an Ally: A New Examination." Readings for Diversity and Social Justice, second edition. 21 Drawing from the ILO definition of social protection as the set of public measures that a society provides for its members to protect them against economic and social distress caused by the absence of or a substantial reduction in income from work, as a result of various cont ingencies (sickness, matern ity, employment injury, unemployment, invalidity, old age, or death of the breadwinner), as well as t he provision of health care and benefits for families with children, U.S. Government Department and Agencies will advocate policies and programs that strengthen protection systems, including social safety nets that support businesses to prevent job layoffs and t he promotion of policies that include the provision of cash t rans- fers and other benefits. 22 Internationally-recognized labor rights include: (a) freedom of association and the effect ive recognition of the right to collect ive bargaining; (b) t he elimination of all forms of forced or compu lsory labor; (c) the effective abolition of child labor, a prohibition on the worst forms of child labor, and other labor protections for chil- dren and minors; (d) t he elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation; and (e) acceptable conditions of work with respect to minimum wages, hours of work, and occupational safety and health. 23 Convention Cl89 - Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. 189} filo.org} 24 ILO Convention190 25 Equal Pay International Coalition 26 Hunt , J., 2016. Why do women leave science and engineering? ILR Review, 69(1), pp. 199-226 27 Toole, A.A., M.J. Saksena, C.A.W. deGrazia, K.P. Black, F. Lissoni, E. Miguelez, and G. Tarasconi, 2020. Progress and Poten- tial: 2020 update on U.S. women inventor-patentees. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 2020. Available at: Progress and Potential: 2020 update fuspto.gov} 28 Job quality will be measured using the Better Work Compliance Assessment Tool. It assesses compliance with core inter- national labor standards and national labor law. Job quality for the purposes of this indicator encompasses the following core international labor standards: Child labor; Discrimination; Forced Labor; Freedom of Association and Collective Bar- gaining. Working conditions standards are drawn from each country's national labor law. Areas assessed include: Compen- sation; Contract and Workplace Relations; Occupational Safety and Health; Working Time. For more information, see: Better Work's Global Compliance Assessment Tool 29 According to the OECD: "Unpaid care and domestic work refers to all non-market, unpaid activities carried out in house- holds - includ ing both d irect care of persons, such as children or elderly, and indirect care, such as cooking, cleaning or fetching water." OECD Care Work 30 USAID Announces Plans to Invest S50 million in Global Childcare United States Strategy on Global Women's Economic Security Page 57 of 59 31 The World Bank, Women, Business and the Law 2022 report 32 ILO, Social Dialogue 33 Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum in partnership wit h the International Monetary Fund, International Fi nance Corporation, and EDGE, Gender Balance Index 2022 34 Domestic servitude and ritual slavery in West Africa from a human rights perspective 35 FAO, Food Systems 36 E. Williams-Baron, J. Milli, and B. Gault, 2018. Innovation and intellectual property among women entrepreneurs. Instit ute for Women's Policy Research, 2018. Available at: IWPR, Innovation and Intellectual Property among Women Entrepreneurs 37 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas: resolution/ adopted by the Human Rights Council on 28 September 2018 38 https://daccess-ods.un.org/tmp/7073018.5508728.html 39 Calculated as t he percentage of female participants out of the total number of participants. 40 'USG assist ance' is defi ned here as any intervent ion made possible with USG-fun ded financial, technical, material, or human resources. 41 Job quality will be measured using the Better Work Compliance Assessment Tool. It assesses compliance wit h core inter- national labor standards and nat ional labor law. Job quality for the purposes of t his indicat or encompasses the following core international labor standards: Child labor; Discrimination; Forced Labor; Freedom of Association and Collective Bar- gaining. Working conditions standards are drawn from each country's national labor law. Areas assessed include: Compen- sation; Contract and Workplace Relations; Occupat ional Safety and Health; Working Time. For more information, see: Better Work's Global Compliance Assessment Tool 42 USG assistance is inclusive of foreign assistance as well as technical or material assistance and/or investments. 43 The expectation is for this to come after the release of the annual Strategy report, convened by the Gender Policy Council. 44 This is defined as the planned annual report for the Strat egy expected to be released in March, capturing the above met- rics and complement ary qualitative narrat ives from t he contributing Departments and Agencies. U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE Page58 of 59 Page 59 of 59