National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture, 2017

NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE,ANIMAL INDUSTRY & FISHERIES REPUBLIC OF UGANDA OCTOBER, 2017 2 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations 3 Foward 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 1. INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 Rationale for a National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture 12 1.2 The Strategy Formulation Process 13 1.3 Structure of the strategy 13 2. SITUATION ANALYSIS 15 3. OVERALL STRATEGIC DIRECTION 24 Illustration of Youth Inclusion and Employment along the Agricultural Sector Value Chain 4. VISION, MISSION, GOAL, THEMATIC AREAS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS 25 Thematic Area 1. Strengthening The Enabling Framework For Youth Employment 27 Thematic Area 2: Support Youth-Oriented Agriculture Extension 32 Thematic Area 3: Improve Youth Education And Learning 32 Thematic Area 4. Support Youth Entrepreneurship 35 Thematic Area 5.Adaption To And Mitigation Of Agribusiness Risks And Uncertainties 37 5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGMENTS 39 A Multi-Sectoral Approach to Implementation 39 6. FINANCING OF THE STRATEGY 41 7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK 43 7.1 Introduction 43 7.2 Monitoring 43 7.3 Evaluation 43 ANNEX 1. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES AND NARO INSTITUTES 44 ANNEX 2: RESULTS FRAMEWORK WITH SUMMARY COST 46 ANNEX3: APPROACHES ADOPTED UNDER VARIOUS YOUTH PROGRAMS 58 ANNEX 4: NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE DETAILS OF INVESTMENT EFFORT AND COST 59 GLOSSARY 67 3 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AfDB - African Development Bank AFRISA - African Institute for Strategic Animal Resource Services AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ASSP - Agricultural Sector Strategic plan AYAP - African Youth Agri-Entrepreneurship Programme AU - African Union AU-NEPAD - Africa Union New Partnership for African Development BRAC - Building Resources Across Countries CAADP - Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Programme CAES - College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences CDO - Community Development Officer CDO - Cotton Development Authority CPM - Commodity Production and Marketing CSO - Civil Society Organisations CURAD - Consortium for Enhancing University Responsiveness to Agribusiness Development DANIDA - Danish International Development Agency DAO - District Agriculture Officer DDA - Diary Development Authority DFO - District Fisheries Officer DSIP - Development Strategy Investment Plan DVO - District Veterinary Officer EAYIP - East Africa Youth Inclusion Programme FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FGDs - Focus Group Discussions 4 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE FMARD - Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development FtF - Feed the Future FTBIC - Food Technology Biotechnology Incubation Center GOU - Government of Uganda GTZ - German Technical Cooperation HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus IANYD - Inter Agency Network on Youth Development IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development IITA - International Institute of Tropical Agriculture ILO - International Labour Organization ITU - International Telecommunication Union KIIs - Key Informant Interviews MAAIF - Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries MDAs - Ministries, Departments and Agencies MDGs - Millennium Development Goals MFPED - Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development MGLSD - Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development MOH - Ministry of Health MSME - Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises MOES - Ministry of Education and Sports MTIC - Ministry of Trade, Industry and Co-operatives NAADS - National Agricultural Advisory Services NAES - National Agriculture Extension Strategy NAGRC & DB- The Animal Genetics Resource Centre and Data Bank NAP - National Agriculture Policy NAPYE - National Action Plan for Youth Employment NARO - National Agricultural Research Organisation 5 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE NDP - National Development Programme NEP - National Employment Policy NPA - National Planning Authority NPHC - National Population and Housing Census NSYEA - National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture NUCAFE - National Union of Coffee Agribusinesses and Farm Enterprises NYEAP - Nigeria Youth Employment in Agriculture Programme OWEC - Operation Wealth Creation PSFU - Private Sector Foundation Uganda PWD - People with Disabilities SAIP - Strategic Action and Investment Plam SG2000 - Sasakawa Global 2000 SPEC - Strategy Paper for Employment Creation SSA - Sub Saharan Africa SWOT - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats SWTS - School-To-Work Transition Survey TWG - Technical Working Group ToT - Training of Trainers UCA - Uganda Cooperative Alliance UCDA - Uganda Coffee Development Authority UCFA - Uganda Coffee Farmers’ Alliance UIA - Uganda Investment Authority UIRI - Uganda Industrial Research Institute UN - United Nations UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDESA - United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs UNDP - United Nations Development Programme 6 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE UNEP - United Nations Environmental Programme UNFFEE - Uganda National Farmers’ Federation UNESCO - United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNFPA - United Nations Population Fund UNICEF - United Nations International Children’s Fund UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organisation UNRWA - United Nations Relief and Works Agency UNWTO - United Nations World Tourism Organisation UPE - Universal Primary Education USAID - United States Agency for International Development USD - United States Dollar USE - Universal Secondary Education VCF - Venture Capital Fund WIPO - World Intellectual Property Organisation YLP - Youth Livelihood Programme YAP - Young Aldolescents Project 7 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE FOREWORD Y outh un-employment is one of the major socio-economic policy challenges facing Uganda’s economic growth and development today. Unless this problem is amicably addressed, it will peg back Uganda’s ambition to reduce poverty and attain a middle-income status by 2020. Aware of this challenge, Government under the Vision 2040 and the second National Development Plan (NDP II) has put in place strategies to expand the country’s productive base and reduce unemployment and poverty. To contribute to this process, the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) put in place a National Agricultural Policy in 2013 which is being operationalized through the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015-2020). One of the aspects of ASSP is to attract, retain and support youth and their employment in the various aspects of the agriculture value chain. This national strategy for youth employment in agriculture is therefore part of the broader implementation of the ASSP. Encouraging and supporting youth in agriculture is one of the several strategies that government has adopted in order to address youth unemployment. There is broader acknowledgement that young people are dynamic, enterprising and very innovative. MAAIF is collaborating with other stakeholders to implement programs that support the youth to realize their potential in the agricultural sector. Government will continue to harmonize, review and strengthen the laws, policies and other regulations to ensure a supportive policy and legal framework is in place for youth employment in agriculture. The Vision of this strategy will be realizing an economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture. While this strategy will focus on the broader category of youth, specific interventions will be strategically designed for youth in the age category of 14-17 years especially school dropouts who have not been well targeted under various government programs. This strategy will be implemented under the following themes: i. Ensuring an enabling environment for youth employment in agriculture; ii. Supporting youth oriented agricultural extension; iii. Improving youth education and learning iv. Supporting youth entrepreneurship; and v. Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risk and uncertainties. Bringing youth early into various agricultural practices will inspire posterity for various agricultural enterprises in crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture. This will create the next generation of farmers, processors and traders. Once these young people are recognized and given room to bring about their ideas at an early age, they can progress to incubate them and eventually inspire a new agricultural age. MAAIF will conduct impact assessment studies to unpack best practices as this strategy is implemented and support efforts provided to scale them up. There will be a focus on ensuring decent work, supporting use of ICT in agriculture, use of innovative information and messaging platforms. These will include use of internet and the social media to reach the youth and other platforms. Government will revitalize the National Agricultural Youth Forum to facilitate this process. I would like to thank all stakeholders; state and non state actors who have contributed to the formulation of this strategy. Special thanks go to; The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) for the technical and financial assistance provided in the process of the formulation of this Strategy. ……………………………………………………… …………………………………………………….... Hon. Vincent Bamulangaki Ssempijja (MP) MINISTER, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES 8 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Uganda’s economy relies heavily on the agricultural sector which employs about 65% of the working population, of which 63% are youth. Most of these youth reside in rural areas where agriculture is the major economic activity. The youth make up the largest percentage of Uganda’s population. Over 92% of the youth in employment are poor and they represent some of the biggest cohorts when it comes to extreme poverty (ILO, 2015a). Three quarters (3/4) of working youth are in vulnerable employment where they are not in decision making positions, cannot negotiate own wages and most do not hold own bank accounts. They contribute prevalently to unpaid family labour force in households mostly practicing subsistence farming. A low skill set has seen very slow progression in the employment of youth in other stages of the agricultural value chain (especially at post–harvest handling, processing and agri-business). A1: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS About seventy eight percent (78%) of Ugandans are below 30 years of age (Statistical Abstract 2016). Despite being the majority, they still face varying problems including inability to own or access land, lack of affordable financing for agribusiness start-ups as well as the technical know-how to be effectively employed in the sector. The gender differences among the youth have had a negative impact especially on the young women. The young women try to find work in the male dominated social setting that makes them more vulnerable to marginalization. For instance, most are in a socio-cultural environment that precludes them from inheriting land yet it is fundamentally critical for agricultural employment. Young women in rural areas are 88% more likely to contribute family labour than young men who often have a better access to paid work. Attracting more young people in decent employment under various stages of the agriculture value chain is therefore imperative. In order for Uganda to have significant growth, it will have to invest in programmes that improve youth livelihood by providing them with a springboard for gainful employment. Most youth remain unemployed or underemployed, while others are absorbed in the informal sector characterized by low quality working conditions, unstable earnings and job insecurity. YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION Uganda’s economy has been improving consistently, particularly in comparison with other low-income and Sub-Saharan African countries. Since 2015, the Global Innovation Index (GII) has ranked Uganda as a top ‘innovation performer,’ a title given to countries that, over a number of years including the two most recent, have been identified as innovation achievers and pillar outperformers. This laudable progress stems from sustained economic growth coupled with a commitment to private-sector development and innovation. Though encouraging, this nascent progress will translate into real benefits for the broader Ugandan population only if policy makers understand and address specific constraints in the innovation systems in agro-food sector. This strategy is therefore, aiming at ensuring that Uganda’s enterprising and innovative youth are reached with proper incentives to help them unleash their potential. This strategy will strengthen the legal and institution al framework for youth employment in agriculture, ensure provision of youth-sensitive agricultural extension services; support youth entrepreneurship; establish a national youth fund; support setting up of national information centers as innovation incubation hubs; and support broader youth entrepreneurship and mitigate risks and uncertainties usually faced by the agricultural sector. A2: RATIONALE FOR THE STRATEGY Unemployment is without a doubt one of the biggest challenges facing Uganda’s socio-economic development. As a natural resource based economy, agriculture provides a great potential for employment. A large proportion of this potential is not being fully exploited. The strategy therefore, has been designed to enable the youth to join the agriculture sector and in so doing enable them to find decent employment which will in the long run contribute in solving the major challenges facing agriculture in Uganda, such as low production and productivity, high post-harvest losses and low value addition. A3: LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK Section 2 of the 1995 Constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination and highlights that a person shall not be unfairly treated on grounds of 9 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE sex, race, tribe, religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability of any kind. This strategy is to be implemented in the spirit of the 1995 Constitution (as Amended) that provides for respect of the rights and freedoms of youth. However, because of legal presentation with contradictions and overlapping presentation of who youth are and what they have the potential to do, youth have been in most instances unfairly treated and denied their right to gainful employment. This is especially true for the young boys and girls who would have preferred to work in the agriculture sector. The strategy operationalizes the National Agricultural Policy (2013) and is part of the broader implementation of the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015 2020). This strategy is in line with the National Youth Policy that aims to leverage all efforts in all sectors to ensure that they contribute meaningfully to the development of the youth. Part of the implementation of this strategy will be to strengthen the current legal policy and institutional framework so that youth in the working age category of 14-17 years who are mainly excluded from most development programming are brought on board. Strategic interventions will be made to encourage their broader inclusion in the agricultural sector. For instance, while youth in this category are not able to form, own SACCOs or other institutions (owing to their recognition by the constitution as children) they can form informal entities as producer or agri-business entities. A4: VISION, MISSION, GOAL, STRATEGIES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES Vision statement Economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture Mission statement Enhancing youth employment by reducing deterrents to decent and gainful employment Goal Increased and sustainable youth employment in the agriculture sector at various levels of the value chain The Strategy for youth employment in agriculture is guided by the following principles: inclusiveness, non-discrimination, gender responsiveness, innovation and adaptability, multi-sectorial collaboration, good governance all under a value chain approach. A5: THE STRATEGY’S THEMATIC AND INTERVENTION AREAS A5.1 Strengthening the enabling environment for the youth employment MAAIF in collaboration with other MDAs and non-state actors will strengthen a legal, policy and institutional framework to create an enabling, sustainable and profitable employment of youth along the various aspects of agriculture value chain. The focus will be put on removing the obstacles and binding constraints that have for long prohibited youth employment in agriculture. These include: lack of skills, affordable financing, inability to afford key production and processing equipment; and most essentially the inability to own land. Through a Youth-in-agriculture Fund, MAAIF will work with other MDAs to set up a facility for youth to obtain affordable financing, set-up training facilities, access public and private land as well as critical equipment as required for start-ups especially at the production part of the agriculture value chain. MAAIF will also work with various actors to include youth between 14-17-year olds who due to regulative limitations have been precluded in most programmes in agricultural sector development. A5.2 Supporting youth-oriented agricultural extension Research and extension are the bedrock of all agriculture. Working through the Directorate of Agriculture Extension Services (DAES), MAAIF will support a wider effort under the single spine modular to reach youth with various technologies to maximize both quality and quantity and ensure proficiency in production and productivity. DAES will ensure that on going work under Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) and Sustainable Land Use Management (SLM) is youth-sensitive and targeted. There will be adoption of already proven methods like Farmer Field Schools and Junior farmer field and life school to conduct capacity building sessions for vulnerable youth, review and adapt guidelines on integration of youth oriented extension services for both school-going and out-of-school youth. MAAIF through its decentralized structures like the Zonal Agricultural Research Institutions (ZARDIs) will conduct scoping studies and assessment of extension 10 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE approaches and methods to identify good practices for scaling-up. A5.3 Improving youth education and learning A lot of emphasis on agricultural education and learning has been put on farming, but less on other aspects of the agriculture value chain (especially post-harvest loss reduction, processing and agri-business). MAAIF will work with the Ministry of Education and Sports to review the current agriculture curriculum to make it more practical and responsive to youth needs in modern day agriculture. MAAIF will support and promote peer-to-peer learning approaches and also enhancing agricultural vocational training. A5.4 Supporting youth entrepreneurship As a key strategy to ensure gainful employment in agriculture, government will support youth entrepreneurship events in crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture with a focus on market readiness and honing agri-business acumen. Government will promote and support youth agricultural entrepreneurs as an incentive for job creation and income generation. A5.5 Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risks and uncertainties Aware of the negative effect of climate change, Government will invest in efforts to increase adaptation to and mitigation of climate change effects. Efforts will also be made to ensure adherence to occupational health and safety standards since this is critical in advancing decent work in the sector. Efforts will be sustained to address the challenges of HIV and AIDS as well as mitigation of agribusiness risks and uncertainties that require agricultural insurance. A6:IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS This is a national strategy to inspire youth employment in agriculture and will be implemented utilizing a multi sectorial approach involving Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Local Governments, the private sector and other non-state actors. A7: MONITORING AND EVALUATION The broader MAAIF Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system will be updated to include youth-in-agriculture indicators against which this strategy’s performance will be appraised. Utilizing already existing M&E mechanisms under various departments of the ministry, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) will be generated to report performance at the national level. At the decentralized structures, guidance will be provided to district and urban authorities on capturing, reporting and utilizing data on performance under crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture at all stages of the agriculture value chain. Reporting of performance under this strategy will be part of MAAIF submissions under the National Development Plan M&E framework; the Government Annual Performance Report; and the Budget Accountability and Monitoring Report of the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. A8: FINANCING THE STRATEGY This strategy will cost UGX 52.9 billion shillings over the next five years broken down as below: Thematic Area Five Year Budget (UGX) Strengthening Enabling Environment 31,533,236,000 Youth Oriented Agri cultural Extension (already budgeted for) Youth Education 10,551,600,000 Youth Entrepreneurship 2,131,120,000 Addressing Risks and Uncertainties 4,823,773,000 M&E and Inflation 3,882,166,000 Total for 5 Years 52,921,895,000 A9 COMMUNICATION STRATEGY Using an interplay of social media, formal meetings, mass media, print and electronic media and public gatherings, MAAIF will implement a communication strategy aimed at reaching all youth with messages about the viable options for gainful employment in ag riculture at various stages of the value chain. 11 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 12 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE INTRODUCTION This is a national strategy that has been designed by the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) to attract, as well as, support and retain youth employed at all levels of the agriculture value chain. While youth constitute the highest proportion of Uganda’s population with about 70% below the age of 30, a host of obstacles have hampered their employment in the agriculture sector. This has contributed to high levels of youth unemployment – one of the main socio-economic challenges facing the country. If not addressed, this will peg-back the prospects of attaining the medium income status by 2020. MAAIF, has designed this strategy aware that the current youth population is growing faster than rate of job creation. This strategy will also operationalize the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP) aimed at drawing from existing programmes and initiatives to address the issues that deter the youth from embracing agriculture. 1.1 Rationale for a National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture Uganda’s economy heavily relies on the agricultural sector which employs 59% of the working population, of which 63% are mostly youth in rural areas - agriculture is the major economic activity (NDP II). The majority of youth remain unemployed or underemployed, while others are absorbed in the informal sector characterized by low quality working conditions, unstable earnings and job insecurity. It has become a challenge for youth to find gainful, secure and decent employment in most sectors of the economy and especially agriculture – where opportunities for employment are highest. While it is recognized in the ASSP that the current capacity for involvement of the youth in agriculture is limited, there are measures that can be devised to address this problem and hence, the rationale for this strategy. The youth are facing mainly the following challenges: i. Prohibitive aspects and contradictions within the current legal framework that has precluded youth aged between 14-17 (above the minimum age for employment) in gainful employment; ii. Low access to, and control over, productive resources (especially land); iii. Limited knowledge and skills in modern farming, processing and marketing techniques; iv. Income poverty, driving youth to small income generating activities such as commercial motorcycle transport (“bodaboda” riding), petty trade and other lowly paying service sector jobs; v. Linked to (iii) above youth lack of marketable skills leading to unstable earnings and job insecurity, because of low education levels; and vi. Scattered interventions targeting the youth under various public and non-state projects and programmes without a coherent focus on addressing root causes of youth unemployment. This strategy aims to convey greater logic and nuance amongst different interventions between different actors working on youth engagement in rural areas and the agricultural sector in order to avoid duplication of efforts and promote synergies among various players. The government and a number of stakeholders consider that this strategy will support inclusion of youth priorities in the agricultural sector. 1.2 The Strategy formulation process This strategy is an outcome of a highly participatory process that was spearheaded by MAAIF. The technical process was conducted by a Technical Working Group (TWG) and with technical support from UN FAO. It comprised of experts drawn from MAAIF, Ministry of Gender Labour and Social Development (MoGLSD), National Planning Authority (NPA), Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) and Youth Associations, and was chaired by the NPA. The stakeholders who participated in the strategy development process include MAAIF Officials (led by the Department of Agricultural Investment and Enterprise Development); National Planning Authority (NPA); Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) Officers; FAO, and other UN-Agencies; Civil Society Organizations (CSOs); Local Government officials; selected farmers in crop, animal industries as well as fisheries and aquaculture; Private sector; United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Building Resources Across Countries (BRAC); Sasakawa Global 2000 and; Gayaza High School among others. It also included the youth who are currently employed in the agricultural private sector or those affiliated to agricultural projects funded and promoted by both Government of Uganda (GoU) 13 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE such as the Youth Livelihood Programme (YLP), and the Venture Capital Fund. Four regional consultative workshops were held during the period August September, 2016. The workshops were held in Lira town (for the Northern and West Nile region), Mbale town (for the Eastern region), Mbarara town (for the Western region), and Mukono (for the Central region), to ensure wide national consultations, contributions, acceptance and ownership. A total of 1,515 youth and key informants were involved in the process of formulating the strategy. Out of these, 220 were participants in the aforementioned consultative regional workshops that included technical and political officers. These were; District Production Coordinators (DPCs), District Agricultural Officers (DAOs), District Veterinary Officers (DVOs), District Fisheries Officers (DFOs), Community Development Officers (CDOs), District Youth Officers, Resident District Commissioners (RDCs), Chief Administrative Officers (CAOs). Others were; religious leaders (drawn from the Catholic Church, Church of Uganda, and Muslims, as well as other faiths, and cultural/traditional leaders. Further, eight Key Informants were interviewed in each of the regions, giving a total of 32. This was supplemented by four Focus Group Discussions that were held in each region that contributed to a total of 240 respondents. A survey was held to inform this strategy and was contributed to by over 303 sampled respondents drawn from the four regions that we randomly selected from youth groups and non-group members. A total of 85 University students were also interviewed while 635 secondary school students (drawn from “O level” and “A level”), were also randomly selected and interviewed. By and large, deliberate sampling efforts were geared towards gender balance, and inclusion of youth that engage in agriculture and those that are not involved in agriculture. Further, a value chain approach and an in-depth SWOT analysis were also undertaken during the workshops. All the fields of agriculture where youth are engaged in and/or can benefit from were considered. These were: apiary, crops, fisheries, forestry and livestock. A number of relevant MAAIF agencies were consulted, including; NAADS and NARO (and its Zonal Agricultural Research Development Institutes in the various regions), who have the mandate to develop technologies which youth in agricultural employment can adopt for increased productivity and incomes. Other line Ministries that were consulted were: MGLSD that is mandated with labour issues and policies, and Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (MFPED) that funds and monitors many of the funding programmes related to youth employment in agriculture. Universities and other tertiary institutions of learning were also represented in regional workshops. Youth organizations working with other development partner programmes such as World Food Programme (WFP), Purchase for Progress Programme, USAID’s Feed the Future programme, and Agricultural sector working group were also among the stakeholders consulted. A number of organizations that have also been involved in the implementation of youth programmes were also consulted, especially on lessons learnt, such as: BRAC, ADB (under Enable Youth Uganda), 1.3 Structure of the strategy The strategy is organized in six chapters. This chapter presents the background while Chapter two shades light on the situational analysis. Chapter three highlights the strategic direction while chapter four details the Vision, Mission, Goal, thematic areas, strategic objectives, and strategic interventions. Chapter five presents the implementation arrangements. The strategy concludes with chapters on financing arrangements and Monitoring and Evaluation framework. The report also presents the results framework and a detailed budget which are annexed. 14 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 15 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE • The share of young people in the 15-29 age group who are neither in employment, education or training, rose in 30 of the 40 countries for which data were available in 2013. • In developing countries, 60 percent of workers in the 15-29 age group lacked a stable employment contract, 60 percent had below average wages, 80 percent were in informal employment in 2012. A number of strategies have been put in place to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth in Europe. Europe 2020, the European Union’s ten-year growth strategy, sets the framework for a coordinated response in order to emerge stronger from the crisis and to improve the long-term prosperity of its citizens, including youth. 1.6 2.1.2 African context In Africa, main regional bodies and policy processes acknowledge that youth unemployment is a daunting development challenge. In particular, integrating youth in agriculture and agribusiness is a key priority in the implementation of the Sustaining CAADP Momentum Results Framework (2014-24). Likewise, the Malabo Declaration on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation for Shared Prosperity and Improved Livelihoods, endorsed at the African Union summit in 2014, identifies specific youth-related targets under its “Commitment to Halving Poverty by the Year 1.4 SITUATION ANALYSIS This chapter presents the global, regional and national context on youth status and employment. At the national level it details the Strengths Weaknesses and Threats to youth employment in agriculture. It is against this analysis that various strategies were crafted to remove barriers to youth engagement and employment in the agriculture sector. 1.5 Youth status and employment: Global, Regional and National Context 2.1.1 Global context Over the last 30 years, the issues of youth employment have risen high on the development agenda. Nearly, a third of the world population are between the ages of 15 and 34 years and live in developing countries (World Bank, 2013). In Africa today, over 60% of the population are below the age of 25 years. Youth employment is very high on the global development agenda. Goal 8 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on Full and productive employment and decent work for all sets dedicated targets on youth (see Box 2). Several UN organizations, including FAO, are actively engaged in global processes and fora on youth employment, such as the Inter-Agency Network on Youth Development (IANYD) and its System-wide Action Plan on Youth (UN Youth-SWAP), as well as the Global Initiative on Decent Jobs for Youth (DJ4Y). Overall, numerous metrics point to the fact that the youth face enormous challenges in entering into the labour market , and getting productive and decent jobs, in particular: • Over 74 million youth (aged 15-24), were unemployed in 2013, an increase of more than 700,000 over the previous year • The global youth unemployment rate was about 13 percent, which is about three times as high as the adult unemployment rate. • There were 37.1 million fewer young people in employment in 2013 than in 2007. • The global youth labour force participation rate of 47.4 percent in 2013, was more than two percentage points below pre-crisis level, as more young people dropped out of the labour market. DEFINITION OF YOUTH • The United Nations (UN) defines ‘youth’ as people between the ages of 15-24 years. • Most African countries adopt the African Union (AU) definition of youth as people between the ages 15-35. This Programme adopts the AU definition when referring to youth. However, it also takes into account the differences in aspirations, needs and challenges between the 15-24 and 25-35 age cohorts. • Uganda defines its youth as being between the ages of 18-30 years. However, this is a mismatch with the Uganda National Youth Policy that define the youth as; “all young persons; female and male aged 12 to 30 years”. 16 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 2025, through Inclusive Agricultural Growth and Transformation.” The specific targets identified are: 1. Create job opportunities for at least 30% of youth in the agricultural value chains; 2. Support and facilitate preferential entry and participation for women and youth in gainful and attractive agribusiness opportunities. In terms of programmes and other initiatives, the region has already engaged in a wide range of ongoing inter ventions towards youth employment. Examples include: The AfDB-IITA-AGRA programme Empowering Nov el Agribusiness-Led Employment for Youth (ENABLE Youth); The Nigeria Youth Employment in Agriculture Programme (NYEAP); IFAD-supported Community Based Natural Resource Management Programme in the Niger Delta; The African Youth Agri-preneurship Programme (AYAP) in Ghana, among others. To harness the potential of the sector to create produc tive and decent jobs for youth in Africa and to attract young people, agriculture will need to be more dynam ic and appealing, and young people will need to view the sector in a more positive manner. Last, but not least, responding to the rural youth employment challenge in SSA requires a broad approach and enhanced coher ence among interventions in different policy areas such as: poverty reduction, youth development, education, employment and social protection. In Africa, the employment challenge is particularly pro nounced and aggravated by the increasing numbers of youth entering the labour market. Figure 1 shows that the youth population will continue to rise in Sub-Sa haran Africa (SSA), throughout the 21st century, even though it is projected to decline in other regions . Africa south of the Sahara has both the world’s fast est growing population and the youngest population. By 2050 the subcontinent with its projected 1.7 billion people, will be the second most populous region in the world after South Asia. In rural areas, the number of young peo ple will continue to expand into the 2030s , which has far reaching implications for develop ment, food security and employment in Africa in the decades ahead. Between 2010 and 2050 other regions will experience a significant decrease in rural popula tion, while Africa south of the Sahara will add an esti mated 150 million people in rural areas (an increase of nearly 30 percent). The young people yet to be born will be in addition to the 330 million already present and about to enter the labor force, of whom 195 million live in rural areas. As Figure 1 shows, the number of people entering rural labor markets each year is projected to increase until at least 2035. Figure 1: Projected youth population by region; 1969 -2100* *Based on data from United Nations (2011), cited in: Proctor and Lucchesi (2012), op cit. 17 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 2.1.3 National context The Ugandan population is to a large extent comprised of a high and increasing cohort of young people. With a high population growth rate of 3.2 percent per annum, Uganda is going through a young population bulge with close to 78 percent of its population below the age of thirty, and the median age being 15 years . The youth (18-30 years) represent approximately 23 percent (estimated at about 9.2 million) of the population and they comprise over 64 percent of the unemployed persons in Uganda . This large youth population presents immense opportunities for national development. However, challenges related to transitioning successfully from education to employment, and finding viable employment and income-earning opportunities remain critical huddles. Source: CIA World Factbook - Last updated on July 9, 2017 Employment Over 92% of the youth in employment are working poor, and youth are also overrepresented among the extremely poor (ILO, 2015a). Three out of four working youth are in vulnerable employment, as either own-account work ers or contributing (unpaid) family workers, predomi nantly in the agricultural sector. Young women in rural areas are more likely to be contributing to family la bour and have less chance than young men of obtaining paid work (12.0 % compared to 21.4 % of young men) . Vulnerability also varies by age group. In Uganda, there are specific gender roles that make young women more vulnerable to challenges to their work within agriculture. Women work within a male dominated society – source of their, exclusion This proportion is continuing to rise and will peak in coming years hence, creating a global “youth bulge”. There are growing fears in the social circles that this bulge of underemployed youth will weaken community and societal bonds and heighten social unrest, including crime, riots, and armed conflict and terrorism. Young people (see definition in Box 1) who have weaker links to the world of work than the general population are disproportionately affected by the current global employment situation. Lack of relevant work experience, weak economic prospects, and dwindling new job openings exacerbates young people’s chances of getting jobs despite their levels of education, high energy, enthusiasm and innovative ideas that they might bring to the labour market. Since the economic crisis of 2008, young people are increasingly finding it difficult to penetrate the job market. The young men and women constitute the largest proportion of the country’s labour force. The youth share of unemployment was 64% in 2013. The largest uneducated group that is unemployed is located in rural areas, while the reasonably educated are mostly urban. Also, in addition to unemployment, underemployment remains a major problem in rural areas, as well as the high rates of poor quality and low-productivity jobs and activities. According to the second “School-to-Work Transition Survey” (SWTS) undertaken by UBOS in 2015, labour underutilization is a major problem with more than one quarter of the working population (27 percent) underutilized in relation to time, inappropriate skills and low pay. The vast majority of young Ugandans are working. However, the quality of employment is low for most of them, which results into the majority of young people and the country failing to make the most out of their economic potential. (UBOS, 2016) . Sixty three percent (63%) of the youth are in agriculture and mainly in rural areas (NDP2). Youth unemployment is predominant among the female youth. In spite of the Universal Primary Education (UPE), Universal Secondary Education (USE) and affirmative action for entrance of young women into tertiary institutions, many young women are still illiterate and 18 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE lack the vocational skills that would enable them to get employed or create their own jobs. Evidence provides that out of the 6.9 million Ugandans that were non literate during the 2009/10 period, 5.5 million were women and only 1.4 were men aged 15 years and above . Further, young women (15-29 years) are faced with a number of gaps in the labour market. These include higher unemployment rates, wage gaps and, higher shares in vulnerable employment, among others . Also, although Uganda has taken various steps aimed at reducing the gender gap in the education system, the proportion of females classified as neither in Education nor in Employment or Training (NEET) is about 19 percent which is nearly three times that of males (7 percent) (UBOS, 2016). Evidence reveals that youth engagement in agriculture is declining amidst rising youth unemployment, yet the services and industrial sectors despite growing at considerably faster rates have not created enough jobs for the burgeoning youthful labour force. This has implications on food security, unemployment, and underemployment and may undermine the government efforts to drive economic growth through agriculture . The withdrawal of youth from agriculture is higher than that of the older cohorts. The shift from agriculture is biased towards the services sector and more prominent among the educated youth. On a positive note, compared to other countries in SSA, Uganda’s agriculture seems to have been effective in engaging graduates in agriculture and in providing higher shares of young workers in the agriculture sector in (wage) stable jobs, although with low shares compared to middle-income countries at 13.3 per cent (ILO, 2015 ). Yet, the majority of the youth that work in agriculture face harsh and poorly remunerative conditions. The Industry and Services sectors being skill driven, agriculture is often seen as the only option for the less skilled youth where their return on labour can be enhanced and maximized through less investment in training and capitalization. Most youth are engaged in some sort of agricultural activity . For the most part, however, youth do not see the attractiveness of agriculture as a primary income generating activity. Young Ugandans are interested in agriculture in terms of second income generation, and many of them respond positively to the question “do you want to be a farmer in the future?” However, they react negatively to subsistence farming, which is the form of agriculture to which most youth are exposed. This distaste for subsistence farming is not unwarranted, as low agricultural yields and the natural vulnerability of crops prompt many youths to perceive diversification of income as a stronger livelihood strategy than a singular focus on farming. As such, many youths seek pathways to the workforce that still allow them to ‘keep a foot in the door’ of agriculture, especially as many youths believe that they will one day return to their parents’ land. The following were the non-farm economic activities that youths are largely involved in; Bodaboda, Sand quarrying /mining, Brick making, Charcoal making, Mechanic works, Hawking of various household items, Porters at construction sites, Sales promotions, Prostitution, Pick pocketing, Mobile money and airtime transactions, Attendants in shops, bars, lodges and banks, ICT related business (such as recording music and films on CDs and DVDs), Commercial music, dance and drama, and Salon business. It is important to focus on 14-17 age group as a special category of young persons , and as beneficiaries of the agriculture sector in the near future. Globally, about 47 million youth aged 15 to 17 are engaged in hazardous work. They account for 40 % of all youth employed in this age group and 28 % of all child labour . Youth under 18 also face additional challenges in accessing productive resources and services or joining representative organizations due to their status as minors. In Uganda, among the major reasons that warrant focusing on these young people is that they constitute about 10.3 percent of the population and according to the Employment Act, they are allowed to work (article 32 on employment of children). However, they are not allowed to perform hazardous tasks (both hazardous by nature and by conditions. It’s also noteworthy that few interventions, programmes and policies focus on them. Other reasons are: they are energetic and there is a need to harness their innovative potential; they are still developing their aspirations, are more vulnerable than the youth, are ill-prepared for the transition into adulthood, and lack awareness of existing capacity building services. Moreover, here is a lack of policies targeting them as compared to the 19 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 18-30-year youth category that are constitutionally recognized and. This age group is also excluded from participation in government policies and programmes design and implementation. Such programmes as Youth Entrepreneurs Scheme (YES), Youth Opportunities Programme (YOP); Youth Venture Capital Fund (YVCF) and Youth Livelihood Programme (YLP) are meant for the 18-30-year youths. The youth in 14-17 age category are also excluded from decision making within their families, communities and development initiatives. It is therefore, crucial to create mechanisms for their voices to be heard and recognized and that they are part of the decision-making process with regards to programmes and policies that affect them. Legally, these young people are below the constitutional age of a youth. They encounter major barriers to access resources, services, employment opportunities, and markets. The majority of youth in this age group operate in the informal sector and are unable to access decent working conditions or appropriate social protection (i.e. fair wages, insurance, safe working conditions, employment contracts, etc.). Young persons of this age category are more vulnerable to exploitation in the labour market due to their lack of skills, low bargaining power, and because they often end up in the informal sector of the economy. Further, (i) employers may be reluctant to employ them formally partly due to the limitations that the legislations poses to employment of children under 18 years and negative perception regarding their ability to do good work, (ii) they tend to be denied employment contracts, hence get paid low wage or work in indecent working conditions since many are unaware of their rights, (iii) related labour legislation is often not enforced. In this group of people, boys are often found in hazardous tasks, while girls tend to work for as long as 14 hours or perform low or unpaid work. One million children aged 14-17 years were estimated to be involved in hazardous work . The sensitivity of the female further compounds the challenges faced by this cohort. Females usually have fewer opportunities due to community perception and expectations that include early marriage, family caring tasks and mobility constraints. They usually have less control over the income they earn, are exposed to more risks and have lower retention of jobs (due to early pregnancy, sexual harassment, etc.). Young people below 18 years of age face a legal barrier to access financial services as they are not even allowed to open bank accounts and lack the requisite assets (including land) to act as collateral for loans. The Youth aged 14-17 are often excluded from cooperatives and associations as direct members, which impedes their ability to access markets and business services. The following categories are marginalized groups and require special, tailored attention; the Illiterate, out-of school youth who have not completed basic education, the disabled, orphans, child-headed households, children from pastoral or nomadic communities, girls living in communities that have negative or disempowering gender related practices (i.e. FGM, early marriage), young girls in hazardous or forced labor, young refugees and displaced persons, those affected by HIV or AIDS and/or living with relatives affected by HIV or AIDS, those living with albinism, those living and working in the street or in conflict with the law, and those from very poor families. 1.1.1 Legal, Policy and Regulatory Framework The constitution of Uganda provides for youth rights and privileges It also tasks policy makers, nationals and implementers to respect the rights and freedoms of youth. Section 2 of the Constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination and highlights that a person shall not be unfairly treated on grounds of sex, race, tribe, religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability of any kind. However, because of widespread and perceived ignorance of this law, many youths have been denied many employment opportunities. It also provides for disadvantaged groups that include Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), women and youth. Laws, cultures, customs, and traditions which are against the dignity or interests of women or other disadvantaged groups are prohibited. Access to and ownership of land remains a big challenge for the youth and women. This should be a basis for providing an enabling environment to provide the pre-requisites to attract the youth into agriculture. Section 24 defines Economic rights of nationals. In Article 40 part (1), Parliament is tasked with passing 20 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE laws, (a) to provide for the right of persons to work under good, safe and healthy conditions; (c) to ensure that every worker is given rest and reasonable working hours and periods of holidays with pay, as well as payment for public holidays. These provisions provide for decent employment of nationals. The National Employment Policy (NEP) recognizes the twin challenge of poverty and unemployment in spite of impressive economic growth over the years. Accordingly, a strategic framework has been formulated to guide efforts towards employment within a stable macroeconomic environment. The policy is anchored on key Government policies and legislation such as the National Vision (2025), the National Development Plan II, the National Constitution and other relevant legislation. It draws inspiration from various commitments to regional and international obligations, such as, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and now replaced by Sustainable Development Goals, National Youth Specific Policy Framework The Government of Uganda has prioritized the generation of more and better jobs for the youth. This is well articulated in Government policies and strategic documents as highlighted in this section. Also, the current policy and strategic framework to promote youth employment is cognizant of the role that agriculture currently plays, and can potentially play to increase youth employment and contribution to national development. The National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture (NSYEA) has been developed in total alignment with these existing frameworks, with the aim to foster policy coherence. Youth employment priorities are reflected at macro level in the country’s National Development Plan (NDP II). Its objectives are to: Promote decent employment opportunities and labour productivity; Enhance effective participation of communities in the development process; Improve the resilience and productive capacity of the vulnerable persons for inclusive growth; Improve the capacity of youth to harness their potential and increase self-employment, productivity and; Promote rights, gender equality and women’s empowerment in the development process; Improve the performance of the sector institutions; Reduce imbalances and improve access to opportunities for all. The NDP II, identifies agriculture as one of the priority sectors for investment given its great multiplier effect and potential on Uganda’s economy. Emphasis is placed on investing in 12 enterprises (Cotton, Coffee, Tea, Maize, Rice, Cassava, Beans, Fish, Beef, Milk, Citrus and Bananas). Employment-relevant interventions refer to: Increase access to agricultural finance services; Promote commercialization of agriculture particularly amongst smallholder farmers; Strengthen Farmer Group formation and cohesion including commodity associations, platforms, federations and co-operatives; Promote time and labour saving technologies targeting women farmers; and strengthening agricultural research. The NPA Strategy Paper for Employment Creation (SPEC)1 identified the major handicaps to youth employment as: inadequate employment opportunities, a high population growth rate, slow economic growth, small formal private sector, low education levels (the majority of the youth have only attained primary education), and limited skills, skills mismatch due to the slow responsiveness of the education system to technological and general global advancement for the youth. Further, to attract the youth into agriculture the paper calls for addressing an important element of decent work. The Strategy proposes a holistic value chain development approach and acknowledges a number of youth oriented programmes already in place, namely: Youth Livelihood Programme, the Youth Venture Capital Fund, the Youth Enterprise Scheme, the Programme for Children and Youth and Skilling Uganda. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSMEs) Policy guides the private sector to significantly contribute to sustainable and efficient value addition2. The policy recognizes the following strengths that could provide a strong foundation for MSMEs to 1 NPA (2015). The National Planning Authority, PEC Paper, January, 2015. Kampala, Uganda. 2 Republic of Uganda (2015). Ministry of Trade, Industry and Cooperatives (MTIC). Uganda Micro, Small and Medium En terprise (MSME) Policy. Kampala, Uganda 21 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE flourish and promote youth employment: (I) a stable macroeconomic environment, (ii) support at policy and implementation levels, academic and research institutions, (iii) a supportive legal framework,(iv) an enterprising and trainable labour force, (v) natural resource endowments, (vi) a conducive investment climate. The National Employment Policy (2011) identifies youth employment promotion as well as agricultural and rural employment among its critical action areas. The policy is organized around main objectives: I) To promote macro-economic policies and investment strategies for employment creation; ii) To increase productivity, competitiveness and employability of the labour force, especially the youth and other vulnerable members of the labour force; iii) To promote in-employment skills development, training and apprenticeships and/or internships, especially for the youth; iv) To ensure availability of reliable and timely labour market information, and v) To promote and protect the rights and interests of workers in accordance with existing labour laws and fundamental labour standards. Youth engagement in agriculture and employment promotion are recognized priorities in the agriculture policy framework. Yet, a coordinated strategy for this purpose is missing. The overall objective of the National Agricultural Policy (2013) is to “promote food and nutrition security and household incomes through enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity and value addition, providing employment opportunities, and promoting domestic and international trade in Uganda”. Among the six operational objectives, employment-relevant ones include (1) Ensure household and national food and nutrition security for all Ugandans; (2) Increase incomes of farming households (3) Promote specialization in strategic, profitable and viable enterprises and value addition through agro zoning; and (4) Develop human resources for agricultural development. The policy emphasizes the importance of supporting improved working conditions and fundamental principles and rights for agricultural workers. SWOT ANALYSIS An analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) of agriculture in the context of the youth was undertaken. This strategy will be implemented within internal and external dynamic environments. The internal environment analysis will assist in developing strategies, maintaining the strengths, and minimizing the weaknesses. The analysis of external environment will assist the Ministry (MAAIF) to exploit the available opportunities and to have the ability to face the foreseeable threats during implementation of this strategy. A detailed SWOT is presented below; 22 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE Table 1: SWOT Analysis of the Youth in the Agricultural Sector STRENGTH WEAKNESS 1. Availability of abundant and affordable labour force of the youth 1. Youth negative attitude towards farming 2. Availability of basic Indigenous knowledge in agri culture 2. Limited involvement of the youth in some agricul tural value chain nodes 3. Youth are energetic, and can be utilized to undertake labour intensive activities 3. Lack of sufficient knowledge and skills in agricultur al related ventures 4. The youth are flexible and can easily be relocated 4.i) Low mechanization which increases inefficiency 5. Innovativeness of the youth (since some have ample education) 4.ii) Lack of adequate market information4. iii)Poor transport infrastructure which makes inputs and out puts expensive4. Iv) Limited storage and agro-process ing facilities 6. There are platforms for peer learning (e.g. there are some successful youth with viable running projects of piggery, vegetables like fresh beans, poultry and agri culture 7. Easy to mobilize with motivators/incentives 5. Youth want quick wins (e.g. sports betting) – not pa tient, they are not committed ADD: Presence of High levels of subsistence 8. Youth are trainable 6. Limited access to financial services and agriculture insurance OPPORTUNITIES THREATS 1. Agricultural inputs (e.g. machinery) are tax free 1. Competition for labour with non-other agricultural activities taking them away from agriculture due to its nature (labour intensive, time consuming and longitu dinal) 2. Availability of unutilized land 2. Competition for resources allocation from other sectors 3. Climate variability and change (prolonged drought, floods, shifts in seasons, etc.) 3.Availability of markets both national regional and in ternational markets has widened market opportunities (including EAC and COMESA) 4. Degradation of productive resources (including de clining soil fertility, decreasing water bodies 4. The political environment is currently supportive of youth programmes. Government’s goodwill to enhance youth engagement in agriculture by setting youth pro grammes (e.g. youth livelihood programme, youth venture capital fund) 5. Land fragmentation is a threat to mechanized ag riculture 6. Price fluctuations, especially for agricultural com modities 7. Unfavorable external economic factors (e.g. Infla tion, shilling depreciation, etc.) 8. Pests and diseases 2. Availability of agricultural financing products 23 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 24 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 3. OVERALL STRATEGIC DIRECTION 3.1 An Overview Agriculture is perceived by a larger cross section of the youth as not being an attractive source of employment yet it is a source of livelihood for over 70% of Ugandans. Agriculture has the highest potential to reduce poverty. However, various bottlenecks have hindered the maximization of this potential including limited inclusion and employment of youth in agriculture in spite of a number of initiatives in place to make this possible. Uganda has one of the youngest populations in the world with over 70% of the population below the age of 35. However, most interventions have targeted youth between 18-30 years leaving out the 14-17-year-olds because persons below 18 years are children. The existing policies, legal and regulatory framework accords limited attention to the 14-17 year olds making them vulnerable to poor conditions in the job market. Youth lack adequate access to assets and lack security of land tenure, are lowly skilled in entrepreneurial aspects, lack access to finance, land equipment and adequate social capital, among other challenges. The strategic direction seeks to address these critical gaps. This strategy is operationalizing the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015-2020) which is the broader framework for implementing the National Agriculture Policy (2013). The strategy addresses economic, social and political challenges which lead to lack of or low incomes, low food production, food and nutritional insecurity. The strategy has the following vision, mission, thematic areas, strategic objectives, strategies and specific activities. 3.2 Youth Employment along the Agriculture Value Chain To implement this strategy, the approach that has been devised is to build a dual approach that (on one hand) tackles challenges precluding youth employment in agriculture, and (on another hand) supports new investments that will inspire youth (both those already in agriculture and new incomers) to participate gainfully from decent employment in the different agriculture sub-sectors namely: crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture and along the various stages of the value chain. As shown in the diagram below, Government will put in place a conducive legal, policy and institutional framework to create an enabling framework that attracts, retains and inspires prosperous youth engagement in various aspects of the value chain. Government will harmonize, review and strengthen the legal framework and ensure good governance and accountability. Working under the same arrangement on going under the National Agricultural Extension Policy, Government will support youth-focused agricultural services, review and adopt guidelines on integrating youth into various aspects of extension. Government will support youth’s access to agricultural inputs such as seed, feeds, fertilizers, farming equipment and other technologies for the youth. This will lead to increased production and productivity working with households and community networks especially on better utilization of both public and private land. More focus will be put on post-harvest handling and value addition so that youth can produce products that generate high returns from processed output produced to meet national, regional and international markets. This strategy has a number of cross-cutting themes critical to youth employment in agriculture that include: Ensuring Gender equity and Equality including aspects of social protection for the vulnerable including PWDs; ensuring that implementation cognizant of the inclusion of all aspects of climate smart agriculture as well as Use of ICT and innovations to ease the cost of doing business and expand the knowledge base. The strategy will also propel sharing of best-practices and related awareness creation so that they are scaled up to the benefit of the wider agricultural sector. 25 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 4.4 Thematic Areas Strategic interventions to support youth employment in agriculture are aligned to the following five distinctive thematic areas: Thematic Area 1: Ensuring an enabling environment for youth employment in agriculture Thematic Area 2: Supporting youth oriented agricultural extension Thematic Area 3: Improving youth education and learning Thematic Area 4: Supporting youth entrepreneurship Thematic Area 5: Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risk and uncertaintie 4. VISION, MISSION, GOAL, THEMATIC AREAS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS 4.1 Vision Statement Economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture 4.2 Mission Statement Enhancing youth employment by reducing deterrents to decent and gainful employment in agriculture 4.3 Goal Increased and sustained youth employment in the agriculture sector at the various levels of the value chain 26 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 27 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE THEMATIC AREA 1. STRENGTHENING THE ENABLING FRAMEWORK FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT This thematic area will focus on the following main strategic areas. These include strengthening the policy, legal and institutional framework for youth employment, enhancing land access and control by the youth, strengthening family and community involvement in youth agricultural programmes/projects to enhance ownership and sustainability, increasing access to agriculture finance; increasing access to ICT for youth in agriculture; increasing access to markets, and supporting youth in agricultural mechanization. 4.4.1 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 1: Strengthening the policy and legal framework Currently, there exists a number of gaps within the country’s legal, policy and other regulatory frameworks that constitute significant barriers against youth involvement in agriculture. The definition of youth itself has contestation owing to the recognition of children as all persons below the age of 18. This has led to the marginalization of youth aged between 14 17 years and who are legally eligible and able to work in some aspects of agriculture. Owing to the fact that most of Uganda’s population depends on subsistence agriculture for their livelihoods, medium and extensive agriculture has been practiced by larger scale farmers who constitute less than 20% of all farming population – mostly excluding the youth. A number of binding constraints including limited access to land, finances and technical know-how have limited the presentation of agriculture as a viable commercial option – an issue that has led to a drive of youth to commercial businesses in peri-urban and urban towns away from agriculture. Worse still, some negative perceptions around agriculture as a hard labour activity handed out as ‘punishment’ or ‘community service’ in schools and communities respectively have in some instances been a disincentive to attracting young people to the sector. Absence or limited legal frameworks to regulate the sector has made it difficult for youth to reap the benefits that the sector promises including high cost of agricultural financing (and lack of diversity in financial products to incentivize enterprise set-ups), high cost of doing business as well as limiting tax structure that is a disincentive for youth investment in the sector. Due to limited provision in the financial sector, most youth are not eligible to form producer groups, cooperatives and other SACCOs which minimizes their opportunity to invest. Weak, enforcement of laws coupled with weak penalties has seen a rise in sale of counterfeit inputs – further frustrating young people and eroding their faith in agricultural practice and realization of tangible benefits. This strategy will be including the revitalization of the national agricultural youth forum to present these and concerns pertaining to institutional and regulatory challenges to relevant authorities. In order to appraise the performance of this strategy, MAAIF will strengthen reporting, collaborative learning and information sharing supported by a tailored Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system. There is therefore, a need to ensure that a supporting and enabling environment is in place to address these challenges. These and other strategies to ensure a conducive environment for youth employment in agriculture are stated below: Strategic Interventions a) Identifying, reviewing and harmonizing laws, policies and strategies relating to youth in agriculture; b) Lobbying Government and policy makers for legal provisions that recognize the 14-17 year olds; c) Promoting awareness initiatives about youth enabling laws, procedures, rights, programmes, obligations and remedies; d) Supporting dissemination of the National Strat egy for Youth in Agriculture (NSYEA) infor mation and on various youth-in-agriculture pro grammes and projects; e) Supporting monitoring and enforcement of reg ulations pertaining to agricultural services espe cially, agro-inputs; f) Building capacity of MAAIF to mainstream youth issues in their programmes and partner ships inclusive of 14-17-year-olds; g) Strengthening M&E systems for youth inter ventions in various enterprises; h) Lobbying for provision of youth agribusiness tax incentives; i) Lobbying for increased rural electrification to spur processing at lower costs; and 28 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE j) Revitalizing the National Agricultural Youth Forum. 4.4.2 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 2: Enhance land access and control by the Youth Land is one of the critical factors of production yet the majority of youth have limited access and rights to own land at household and community levels. This is partly attributed to gender differences, inheritance, and cultural beliefs. Among most cultures, female youth continue to be excluded from land ownership because land is typically inherited by their male counterparts. Most women work on land that they borrow or hire which is usually smaller plots averaging less than two (2) acres. There are cases where male youth have been given land but have opted to sell it to generate financial resources to start off-farm businesses. Another concern is high incidences of land fragmentation. This is mainly as a result of land inheritance where parents pass on land to their children through a will or through cultural systems – and one that prioritizes hand over of land to mainly male youths since female youth are expected to move away from their home once they get married. In some cases, when young women have a legal claim to land, it can be difficult for them to enforce it because they at times lack the education and financial resources to press a claim. Aware of the need to ensure access land by youth, Government’s strategy will be to sensitize communities on the importance of youth employment in agriculture and the need to ensure that land is availed to make this possible. Government will build community capacity to ensure efficient utilization of both public and private land by utilizing resources in a proposed youth land fund. The following will constitute the main strategic interventions. Strategic Interventions a) Lobbying for establishment of a national youth land fund to support efficient utilization of land to support young people especially women in agriculture; b) Building the capacity of community networks that will support young people especially women to promote utilization of public and private land. 4.4.3 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 3: Strengthen family and community involvement in youth agricultural programs/projects to enhance ownership and sustainability Families and communities are critical in agriculture yet they rarely participate adequately in program prioritization and planning for youth involvement in the sector. Communities can play a very strong role in mobilization of youth to participate in various programmes and projects so that gradually youth appreciate the investment effort required to benefit optimally from various agricultural enterprises. Communities have hosted Farmer Field Schools (FFS) to demonstrate practical skills for uptake by young people. The strategy is therefore, to support parents, guardians and community leaders to demonstrate success stories as effective peer influence on the young people as a means of mentoring and creating of a mind-set change on agriculture as a viable option for employment. To embark on this process, the following strategic interventions will be carried out: Strategic Interventions a) Educating youths on the values of family and community structures; b) Supporting youth, parents and community participation in agricultural programmes/projects’ designs, implementation and monitoring; c) Ensuring nurturing and implementation of mentorship programmes with special emphasis on proximity skills for the 14-17 year olds; and d) Supporting initiatives that create mind-set change among the youth and communities to invest in agriculture as a viable venture. 4.4.4 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 4: Increase access to agricultural finance Financial constraints are more pervasive in agriculture and related activities than in service and industry sectors, reflecting the risky nature of agricultural activities. Despite some development of financial services in Uganda, the majority of youths have limited access to finances that can make them competitive in the market. The ability of agricultural enterprises and rural households to invest for the long term and make calculated decisions for risky income flows is partly shaped by the availability of financial services (MAAIF, 2010). Access to financial services, in particular savings 29 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE and credit products, would expand their opportunities for more efficient technology adoption and resource allocation. Financial contracts in rural areas involve higher transaction costs and risks than those in urban settings because of the greater dispersion of production, lower population densities, the poor quality of infrastructure, and the seasonality of rural production activities. Invariably, banks and other traditional finance institutions find it risky to lend to agricultural endeavors. This pushes the interest rates up and calls for high value collateral, and hence, excluding resource constrained youth. Wealthier farmers can obtain larger loans at lower cost from formal lenders because they can credibly pledge assets or future cash flows. Asset poor households by contrast, are limited to considerably smaller loans at much higher rates. To address these challenges, the following strategic interventions will be undertaken: Strategic Interventions a) Sensitizing youth and relevant financial institutions regarding available financial products to establish formal links; b) Advocating for more youth-friendly financial products working with financial institutions focused on relevant agricultural machinery and equipment among other inputs to support project start-ups; c) Lobbying Government to establish an innovation incubation fund for youth groups; d) Supporting the establishment and capacity building of youth farmer groups, Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) and Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) to ease mobilisation, and increase savings and access to agricultural finance; e) Supporting establishment and promotion of special microfinance schemes for the 14-17 year olds beginning at the national level. 4.4.5 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 5: Increase access and use of ICT for youth in agriculture This is an information age and access to ICT is critical in knowledge sharing on developments in the agriculture sector as well as demonstration of modern practices at all stages of the agriculture value chain. With increased ICT penetration (especially the use of mobile smart phones and social media). While this is possible with youth in urban and peri-urban centers, access to information remains a challenge for youth in rural areas. To reach youth with information and enable them access ICT facilities to boost their engagement in agriculture, Government will set up community information centers, sensitize youth, and provide training in use of ICT tools for agriculture and use these centers as reference points for knowledge based agricultural service provision for the youth across the country. Sensitization drives will be carried out using radio FMs, television programs and print media. The following will be the key strategic interventions: Strategic Interventions a) Establishment of internet enabled community information centers (including ICT software and equipment) to provide and promote market information sharing to and among the youth in agriculture; b) Sensitizing and training youth in using ICT in agriculture; and c) Undertaking research and support dissemination of offline tools that are usable with no or limited internet connectivity. 4.4.6 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 6: Increasing access to markets Markets provide the incentive for sustained production. However, not only is there inadequate market infrastructure in the country, in terms of coverage and quality (such as rural feeder roads), but linkages between producers and buyers are weak and information sharing is meager. This is the reason why many farmers have limited access to markets. Demands from both domestic and foreign markets have not been met due to low productivity, unsustainable volumes, but also lacking in terms of quality to penetrate other niches and well-paying buyers. Government focus will be to support youth to sustainably produce within a market orientation. This will require support to agro-processing and post-harvest handling infrastructure and supporting youth to be organized in informal and formal groups and cooperatives to benefit from economies of scale; reduce processing and value addition costs and achieve profitability that agriculture is able to provide. The following will be the key strategic interventions. 30 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE Strategic Interventions a) Supporting the youth in sustainable production of high quality, value, quantity and safe agriculture products; b) Supporting agro-processing and post-harvest handling infrastructure (including cottage industries); c) Organizing youth into formal and informal groups with focus on rural youth aged 14-17-year olds; d) Support and promote initiatives in market linkages such as: capacity for storage (to bulk up supplies), contract negotiations and market analysis. 4.4.7 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 7: Support youth in agricultural mechanization Modernization of agriculture requires high investment in mechanization. Attracting youth into agriculture makes access to agricultural machinery imperative. Currently, agricultural machinery and equipment are in limited supply in the country in comparison to their high demand. Tractors, and related farm implements and equipment are hard to access, and where they are accessible are prohibitively priced. Making agricultural machinery available and training youth on their use will be critical in increasing land use efficiency. In addition, youth will be supported to undertake machinery and equipment repairs and maintenance by linking them to technical operators. Strategic Interventions a) Support the youth to acquire skills for operating, maintenance and fabrication of agricultural tools and equipment building on what is being provided in formal institutions; b) Establish youth agro machinery hire and leasing pilot scheme. 31 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 32 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE THEMATIC AREA 2: SUPPORT YOUTH ORIENTED AGRICULTURE EXTENSION This thematic area will be implemented as part of the broader effort to operationalization of the National Agricultural Extension Policy which is intended to address past shortcomings in agricultural extension service delivery and cause sustained progression of smallholder farmers from subsistence agriculture to a market oriented and commercial farming. The focus of this theme is to inspire youth-friendly extension services including successful approaches such as farmer field schools among others. 4.4.8 Thematic Area 2 Strategy 1: Effective Participation to maximize benefits of youth oriented agricultural extension services Government embarked on the programme to revitalize agricultural extension services with reforms under a single spine system that integrates all aspects of agricultural extension to be provided under one ‘stream’ of delivery. The aim of this approach was to eliminate parallel institutional arrangements as well as the separation of agricultural input supply from the extension service delivery system. Government through this strategy will organize the youth to effectively organize, manage, strengthen, regulate and develop human resources, techniques and technologies to advance their enterprises. This is because while smallholder farmers produce more than 80% of all food, they manage only 12% of all agricultural land. Obtaining critical skills is critical in maximizing the potential that this land provides. To this end the following interventions are planned: Strategic Interventions a) Conducting a series of capacity building sessions for youth (with focus on vulnerable youth); b) Reviewing and adapting guidelines on integration of youth into extension services; c) Conduct a scoping study and assessment of extension approaches and methods (including e-extension, gender and nutrition sensitive, youth targeting, and market oriented) to identify good practices; d) Carrying out promotion activities for youth involvement in agriculture services. THEMATIC AREA 3: IMPROVE YOUTH EDUCATION AND LEARNING Currently, the nature of agriculture education in Uganda is mainly theoretical yet by its nature, the subject is meant to have more hands-on exposure to the youth. To ensure an enduring inclusion and employment of youth in the agriculture sector, a protracted effort will be sustained to mainstream agriculture education at all levels. Government will under this theme provide youth-focused education and learning interventions using best practices and approaches in agricultural education and learning. 4.4.9 Thematic Area 3: Strategy 1: To Promote Peer-to-Peer Learning Approaches Government will, under this strategy, support efforts to review the curriculum to promote practical orientation of youth in agriculture; support youth agricultural clubs to conduct agricultural competitions that facilitate peer to-peer learning and promote practical exposure to youth both in and out-of-school. Government will utilize already existing institutions like the Zonal Agricultural Research Institutes (ZARDIs) to support this process. The following will be the strategic interventions: Strategic Interventions a) Advocating for and supporting the review of the education curriculum to promote practical orientation of youth to agriculture; b) Supporting and promoting Youth agricultural clubs and camps; c) Conducting National agricultural competitions for the youth to facilitate peer learning; d) Promoting practical school farming systems (e.g. school gardens for students’ practical teaching); e) Supporting life skills development and HIV/ AIDS prevention and mitigation initiative; f) Conducting capacity building events for youth trainers to mentor the 14-17-year-old youth. 4.4.10 Thematic Area 3 Strategy 2: P r o m o t i n g agricultural vocational training The impact of youth employment in agriculture will be more efficient when youth are able to link theory to practice. Youth in schools can plant food crops like 33 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE vegetables that include cabbages, tomatoes and leafy vegetables such as amaranthus. They can keep a fish pond or a zero-grazing cow and learn by doing. Promoting agricultural vocational training would inspire hands-on approaches in production, post-harvest handling and processing of various outputs. By so doing, youth can appreciate agriculture as a business when they are still young and view it positively and as a viable professional option of employment. To this end the following interventions are planned: Strategic Interventions i. Lobbying Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) and other stakeholders to support vocational institutions to offer formal and informal short courses to the youth; ii. Supporting provision of start-up support to the 14-17-year young persons to complete informal skills trainings combined with sustained mentoring and coaching; iii. Providing scholarships and grants to training programs in vocational skilling; iv. Revitalizing and improving the functionality of existing agriculture training institutes; 34 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 35 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE THEMATIC AREA 4. SUPPORT YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP While there have been initiatives by Government in the past to increase youth entrepreneurship through skilling and other efforts, sustained training on the agricultural value chains and other areas largely remains low at all levels. Entrepreneurship is critical to driving marketing and trade since youth will be aware of market demands and strive to produce with a target in mind. Government under this theme will train youth in food processing, packaging, branding and marketing through the support of incubation facilities such as the one at Makerere University known as the Food Science and Technology Business Incubation Centre (FTBIC), Uganda Industrial Research Institute (UIRI) and CURAD housed at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute, Kabanyolo (MUARIK). These are few facilities to reach out to by all youth targeted under this strategy. 4.4.11 Thematic Area 4: Strategy 1: Promote and support youth agriculture entrepreneurs as an incentive for job creation and income generation Aware of the limited provision of services to orient youth in various aspects of agricultural entrepreneurship, Government will utilize the ICT information centers proposed under this strategy under Theme 1: Strategy 5. Government will also support efforts to ensure proper administration, management, and operation of these structures and man them with dedicated and trained specialists. To support youth entrepreneurship, the following systems are planned: Strategic Interventions a) Support youth agricultural entrepreneurs to access business incubation services; b) Build capacity of the youth to write viable agriculture proposals and business plans for sourcing of funds; c) Work with MoES in provision of basic functional literacy and numeracy skills to the 14-17 young persons (to those unable to attend schooling 36 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 37 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE THEMATIC AREA 5. ADAPTATION TO AND MITIGATION OF AGRIBUSINESS RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES Risks and uncertainties have increased in recent times and have led to devastating losses. They include chang es in weather patterns due to climate change; a drop in yields due to crop failure (linked to a low use of organ ic and inorganic fertilizers) all these combine to cause output and price fluctuations. These theme is purposed to address these shocks. 4.4.12 Thematic Area 5: Strategy 1: Enhancing youth’s adaptation and resilience to climate related agri-business risks and uncertainties Adverse effects of climate change have seen a rise in occurrences of prolonged droughts, shift in rainy sea sons, reduced rains, and higher temperatures. Many farmers have faced losses due to vagaries of nature. Some farmers borrow funds for production, only to lose the entire or part of the crop or livestock or fish stock, and invariably fail to pay back. There are limited insur ance schemes available for young people engaged or willing to come into agriculture, to compensate farmers for such losses. It is therefore evident that farmers lack adequate knowledge regarding the climate change phe nomenon and its impacts. Government will implement the following interventions under this strategy; Strategic Interventions a) Ensuring uptake of best practices, innovations and technologies relevant to addressing agribusi ness risks and uncertainties; b) Supporting interventions towards effective and efficient dissemination of information on weather patterns and early warning systems for CSA and better agribusiness planning; c) Promoting agricultural insurance to cushion agri cultural loss; and d) Designing and implementing a robust rapid re sponse and disaster preparedness system. 4.4.13 Thematic Area 5 Strategy 5.2: Enhancement of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Ensuring a secure and safe working environment at the various stages of the agricultural value chain is critical in attracting youth to these sector. It will also go a long way in dispelling the negative perception of agriculture as hard, tedious and laborious undertaking. OHS will also be emphasized at all levels of the agriculture value chain including at: installation of new plant or processes in design or installation, or added to existing plant or process. Proper arrangements shall be made to ensure safety and absence of health risks related to the use, handling, storage and transport of agricultural outputs. Skills will be imparted to ensure technical know-how regarding use of protection gear to limit exposure to health and safety hazards. Enhancement of OSH contributes also to youth employment creation by transforming hazardous work performed by those in the age group 14-17 into decent agricultural jobs. Strategic Interventions a) Support research and promote best practices on working conditions across the value chain and especially agri-business; b) Support sensitization of youth, especially the most vulnerable ones, on occupational health and safety including aspects to address hazardous child labour activities; c) Provision of protective gears and labour saving technologies. 38 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 39 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGMENTS 5.1 A Multi-Sectoral Approach to Implementation This is a national strategy to inspire youth employment in agriculture and will be implemented utilizing a multi-sectorial approach involving Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Local Governments, the private sector and other non-state actors. In order to effectively implement this strategy, MAAIF will set up a cohesive and collaborative effort to form a multi-dimensional and multi-institutional approach to this implemen tation. Overall, MAAIF will be the lead implementing agency doing the coordination and implementation of this strategy. MAAIF will utilize a number of policies, programs and initiatives that support youth development. The table below shows the different roles and responsibilities of various implementing institutions. Table 5.1 Roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders in strategy implementation Implementing Entity Roles and Responsibilities Ministry of Agriculture, An imal Industry and Fisheries  Provide policy guidance as a lead implementing institution  Coordinate extension services and all capacity building  Establish and maintain an effective knowledge management, ICT, MIS to ensure information gathering  Report on implementation performance of this strategy Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development  Ensure youth inclusive and gender sensitive approach holds  Support work within communities to mobilize the population to support in terventions that attract and retain youth and their engagements at the various stages of the value chain  Support strategic interventions that support 14-17 year olds Ministry of Finance, Plan ning and Economic Devel opment  Support efforts for resources mobilization including the setting up of the youth in agriculture fund  Monitoring and Evaluation of the inventions  Provide enabling environment for acquisition and provision of agriculture credit through SACCOs, VSLA and MFIs. 40 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE Ministry of Education and Sports  Put in place a curriculum supportive of practical application of agriculture value chain practices to youth in agriculture  Accredit training courses in both public and private training institutions that support mentorship and hands-on vocational training at certificate and diplo ma and graduate levels  Support study tours and exchanges and partnerships Development Partners  Provide policy and advocacy support for Youth in agriculture  Provide technical Assistance to Youth in Agriculture  Mobilize financial resources for the Youth in Agriculture The Youth  Participate actively in events arranged to disseminate information on em ployment opportunities in agriculture  Engage actively in activities along the agriculture value chain  Self-monitor and appraise strategy interventions Private Sector  Offer internship, apprenticeship and youth mentorship  Support agribusiness aspects to strengthen markets to keep agricultural enter prises profitable and responsive to youth needs Ministry of Science, Tech nology and Innovation  Support and promote innovations and their incubation and their upscaling for use by wider youth  Technological transfer to strengthen ICT use in agriculture Office Of the Prime Minister  Monitor and Evaluate sector programs and support youth-sensitive interven tions that support their employment Ministry of Information, Communication and Tech nology  Promote use of transferable and appropriate information technologies  Contribute to the strengthening and setting up of information centres and related facilities Non- State Actors (NGOs, CSOs, PSO)  Policy advocacy for Youth Employment in Agriculture and support youth capacity building initiatives. 41 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE The Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) is mandated to spearhead youth development issues and will work with MAAIF to support communities in attracting youth to the agriculture sector. MAAIF will work with Ministry of Local Government to ensure effective implementation at district level. The following autonomous institutions are currently working closely with the youth and will play a key role in the implementation of the strategy. This will include National Youth Council; the National Council for Children; the National Women Council; Public Libraries Board; National Cultural Centre; Industrial Court (for settlement of disputes in case of breach of agreements); Institutions like Nsamizi Institute of Social Development, Economic Policy Research Center and Enterprise Uganda and other Public and private Universities (to design practically oriented curricular to equip the youth); Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE), for the development of youth groups; Uganda Cooperative Alliance (for establishment, nurturing and mentoring youth oriented Cooperatives); Dairy Development Authority; the NAADS secretariat and Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) among others. The implementation will be supported by development partners, NGOs, CBOs and other non-state actors. 6. FINANCING OF THE STRATEGY The National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture will cost an estimated UGX 5.29 billion over the next five years (2017-2022). Budget estimates to support various activities have been aligned to the initial cost estimates for the ASSP and are in line with current budget lines for similar interventions (at operational and logistic cost need) within the agriculture and other sectors. While these costs are largely indicative, they provide guidance on the funds required for the proposed activities. An inflation rate of 7% has been factored into the budget basing on Bank of Uganda estimates of headline inflation by January, 2017. In line with the National Public Policy on Monitoring and Evaluation, 3% have been factored in to support monitoring and reporting framework on the strategy’s performance. The strategy will be financed by GoU with support from development partners. The table below shows the overall budget and a detailed budget is annexed to this report. 42 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE Table 6.1 Summary of Budget Estimates to Finance the Strategy (‘000) THEMATIC AREA 1: STRENGTHEN THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT Strategic Objective Narrative: To promote an enabling environment for youth employment in agricul ture Strategy 1.1: Strengthen the Policy and Legal Framework 5,547,925 Strategy 1.2 Enhance Land Access and Control by Youth 1,108,000 Strategy 1.3 Strengthen Family and Community Involve ment in Youth Programs 4,750,111 Strategy 1.4 Increase Access to Agricultural Finance 1,843,200 Strategy 1.5 Increase Access and Use of ICT for Youth in Agriculture 4,430,000 Strategy 1.6 Increase access to Markets 12,054,000 Strategy 1.7 Access to Agriculture Machinery 1,800,000 31,533,236 THEMATIC AREA 2: SUPPORT YOUTH ORIENTED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION Strategic Objective: To empower youth to participate and benefit equitably from agricultural extension services (costed under National Agricultural Extension Services Policy implementation) 0 THEMATIC AREA 3: IMPROVE YOUTH EDUCATION AND LEARNING Strategy 3.1 To mainstream youth targeted agriculture education at all levels 5,051,600 Strategy 3.2 Promote agricultural vocational Training 5,500,000 10,551,600 THEMATIC AREA 4 SUPPORT YOUTH ENTREPRENUERSHIP Strategy 4.1 Promote Youth Entrepreneurs as an incentive for job cre ation 2,131,120 2,131,120 THEMATIC AREA 5 ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION OF AGRIBUSINESS RISKS AND UNCERTAINITIES Strategy 5.1 Adaptation and resilience to related agribusiness risks and uncertainties 2,550,000 Strategy 5.2 Promote decent work and enhance occupational health and safety 2,273,773 4,823,773 Total for all Thematic Areas 49,039,729 Monitoring and Evaluation (3% of Activity Budget) 1,471,191 Contingency Adjusted For 7% Inflation 2,410,975 ALL GRAND TOTAL 52,921,895 43 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK 1.1 Introduction MAAIF will utilize its M&E system to broaden its network to capture reporting on the performance of this strategy both at national and sub-national levels. At the national level, key performance indicators (KPIs) will be the basis for general reporting at the thematic level while specific indicators at output level will be reported on by district authorities and aggregated for national reporting by MAAIF M&E department. The results framework has been developed as part of this strategy to state expected outputs against each strategic intervention. KPIs will be added to reporting by MAAIF under the Output Based Budgeting now translated into Performance Based Budgeting tool. 1.2 Monitoring Monitoring of interventions will be done by District Agriculture Officers who will use reported data by agriculture extension workers, community development officers and commercial officers who have networks at the sub-county levels. This will be replicated by officials in urban authorities such as town councils and municipalities. Monitoring will be utilized as a continuous internal management activity whose purpose is to ensure that the organization achieves its defined objectives within a prescribed time−frame and budget. The monitoring framework will ensure provision of regular feedback on the progress of programme implementation, and report any problems faced during implementation so that duty bearers can resolve them expeditiously. The staff of MAAIF will conduct regular field visits to provide technical support to the staff members and district local government staff. Review meetings will also be held on a quarterly basis to measure progress towards the achievement of the agreed results. The department will be required to produce quarterly performance reports in narrative and financial forms for analysis and discussion by the ministry through various sector working committees. The quarterly reports will focus on: progress made against planned inputs and outcomes and use of resources, explanation of performance levels achieved, and proposed measures to improve performance. Reporting from local governments on implementation of this strategy will also feed into general reporting under the ASSP. 1.3 Evaluation Building the link to monitoring, evaluations will be conducted mainly to assess the impact of this strategy in the medium and longer term. It will be important therefore, to undertake a baseline survey at the start of implementation so that it becomes a basis for performance and impact assessment in years ahead. Evaluation will be aligned with other performance reporting frameworks so that duty bearers are prepared to conduct a mid-term review and also an end-term evaluation at the end of the planning period. Evaluations (both mid-term and end-line) will provide lessons from assessments of the impact both intended and non intended to inform future similar interventions aimed to inspire youth employment in agriculture. 44 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE ANNEX 1. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES AND NARO INSTITUTES AND ZARDIS Public Universities 1 Busitema University 2 Gulu University 3 Kyambogo University 4 Makerere University 5 Mbarara University of Science and Technology 6 Muni University 7 Soroti University Private Universities 1 Africa Renewal University 2 African Bible University 3 African Rural University 4 Aga Khan University 5 All Saints University, Lango 6 Bishop Stuart University 7 Bugema University 8 Busoga University 9 Cavendish University 10 Ibanda University 11 International Business, Science & Technology (ISBAT) University 12 International Health Sciences University 13 International University of East Africa 14 Islamic Call University College 15 Islamic University in Uganda 16 Kabale University 17 Kampala International University 18 Kampala University 19 Kayiwa International University 20 Kumi University 21 Lira University 22 Livingstone International University 23 Mountains of the Moon University 24 Muteesa I Royal University 25 Ndejje University 26 Nkumba University 27 Nsaka University 28 St. Augustine International University 29 St. Lawrence University 30 Stafford University 31 Team University 32 Uganda Christian University 45 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE 33 Uganda Martyrs University 34 Uganda Pentecostal University 35 Uganda Technology and Management University (UTAMU) 36 Valley University of Science & Technology 37 Victoria University 38 Virtual University of Uganda NARO Institutes and ZARDIs 1 National Agricultural Research Laboratories-Kawanda 2 National Crops Resources Research Institute 3 National Fisheries Resources Research Institute 4 National Forestry Resources Research Institute 5 National Livestock Resources Research Institute 6 National Semi Arid Agricultural Research Institute 7 National Coffee Research Institute 8 Abi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 9 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 10 Bulindi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 11 Kachwekano Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 12 Mbarara Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 13 Mukono Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 14 Nabuin Agricultural Research and Development Institute 15 Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 16 Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute 46 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE A N N E X 2 : R E SU LT S F R A M E W O R K W IT H S U M M A R Y C O ST R es ul ts In di ca to r Ta rg et R es po ns ib le In st it ut io n/ O rg an is at io n C os t D es cr ip ti on O ut pu t F iv e Y ea r C os t (0 00 ) T H E M A T IC A R E A 1 : ST R E N G T H E N T H E E N A B L IN G E N V IR O N M E N T F O R Y O U T H E M P L O Y M E N T St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve N ar ra ti ve : To p ro m ot e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t f or y ou th e m pl oy m en t i n ag ri cu lt ur e St ra te gy 1 .1 : S tr en gt he n th e P ol ic y an d L eg al F ra m ew or k k) L ob by G ov er nm en t an d po lic y m ak er s fo r l eg al p ro vi si on s th at re co gn iz e th e 14 1 7 ye ar o ld s • N um be r o f L aw s, po lic ie s an d st ra te gi es re vi ew ed to re co gn iz e th e en ga ge m en t o f 1 4 17 ye ar o ld s in a gr ic ul tu re • A t l ea st o ne M A A IF M G L SD M A A IF a nd o th er pa rt ne r i ns tit ut io ns in iti at iv es R ec og ni tio n of y ou th ag ed 1 4 17 y ea rs w ith in G ov er nm en t pr og ra m s 20 4, 00 0 l) Pr om ot e aw ar en es s in iti at iv es a bo ut yo ut h en ab lin g la w s, pr oc ed ur es , r ig ht s, pr og ra m m es , o bl ig a tio ns a nd re m ed ie s • N um be r o f A w ar en es s in iti at iv es • Pr op or tio n of th e po p ul at io n aw ar e of y ou th en ab lin g la w s an d ob li ga tio ns • 20 e ve nt s • A t l ea st 3 0% M A A IF , M JC A , M G L SD A w ar en es s ca m pa ig ns a nd tr ai ni ng ev en ts p er a nn um Y ou th a w ar e of ri gh ts , ob lig at io ns a nd re m e di es to c ha lle ng es th ey fa ce 52 0, 00 0 m ) Su pp or t d is se m in a tio n of th e N SY E A an d yo ut h pr og ra m s • N um be r o f d is se m in at io n ev en ts • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th aw ar e of th e N SY A E & yo ut h pr og ra m s • 20 e ve nt s • A t l ea st 6 0% o f yo ut h M A A IF Po pu la r v er si on , le afl et s pr od uc ed an d tr an sl at ed in lo ca l d ia le ct s Po pu la r v er si on , l ea f le ts d is se m in at ed 55 0, 00 0 n) Id en tif y, re vi ew a nd ha rm on iz e la w s, p ol ic ie s an d st ra te gi es re la tin g to y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re • N um be r o f i ni tia tiv es th at s up po rt h ar m on iz a tio n of L aw s, p ol ic ie s an d st ra te gi es • N um be r o f L aw s, po lic ie s an d st ra te gi es ha rm on iz ed • A t l ea st fi ve la w s po lic ie s an d st ra t eg ie s • A t l ea st fi ve M A A IF M G L SD C on su lta nc y se rv ic es to re vi ew an d ha rm on iz e th e po lic ie s an d st ra te gi es Po lic y br ie fs o n th e po lic ie s, la w s an d st ra te gi es re sp on si ve to y ou th is su es 34 8, 75 8 47 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE o) Su pp or t m on ito ri ng an d en fo rc em en t o f re gu la tio ns p er ta in in g to a gr ic ul tu ra l se rv ic es e sp ec ia lly in pu ts • N um be r o f a ct iv iti es fo r i nc re as ed n um be r o f en fo rc em en t o ffi ce rs a nd fu nd in g • N um be r o f S en si tiz at io n in iti at iv es o n se rv ic es • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th re ac he s w ith a gr ic ul tu ra l se rv ic es in cl ud in g in pu ts • A t l ea st 1 0 en ga ge m en ts • A t l ea st 2 0 in iti a tiv es • A t l ea st 3 0% o f yo ut h in a gr ic ul tu re M A A IF , M oF PE D , U N A D A C on tr ib ut e to on g oi ng a ct iv iti es to e nf or ce re gu la tio ns re la te d to st re am lin in g pr o vi si on o f s er vi ce s in cl ud in g in pu ts o n se le ct ed e nt er pr is es . E nf or ce d re gu la tio ns ta ilo re d to s up po rt yo ut h se rv ic es in ag ri cu ltu re 1, 50 0, 00 0 p) B ui ld c ap ac ity o f M A A IF to m ai n st re am y ou th is su es in th ei r p ro gr am s an d pa rt ne rs hi ps in cl us iv e of 1 4 17 y ea r o ld s • L ev el o f c ap ac ity b ui lt w ith in M A A IF to m ai n st re am y ou th is su es in th ei r i nt er ve nt io ns • 20 c ap ac ity bu ild in g in te r ve nt io ns M A A IF W or ks ho ps , D em on st ra tio na l re tr ea ts E xc ha ng e vi si ts (i nc lu di ng o ut si de U ga nd a) Tr ai ni ng s es si on s he ld an d ev id en ce o f p ro j ec ts d es ig ne d re fle ct in g yo ut h is su es 64 0, 00 0 q) Su pp or t i m pr ov em en t of th e M & E s ys te m s fo r y ou th in te rv en tio ns  Pe rf or m an ce o n yo ut h in a gr ic ul tu re in te gr at ed w ith in th e ex is tin g na tio na l M & E fr am ew or ks • U se o f e xi st in g M & E s ys te m M A A IF , O PM , M G L SD C ap ac ity to re vi ew an d in te gr at e yo ut h re la te d da ta in to M & E s ys te m Pe rf or m an ce d at a on Y ou th in A gr ic ul tu re 1, 00 0, 00 0 r) L ob by fo r p ro vi si on of y ou th a gr ib us in es s ta x in ce nt iv es • N um be r o f l ob by a ct iv i tie s on ta x in ce nt iv es fo r yo ut h co nd uc te d • N um be r o f t ax in ce nt iv e pr ov is io ns • T hr ee e ng ag e m en ts • A t l ea st 2 p ro vi si on s U R A , M A A IF Pr ov is io ns fo r ta x in ce nt iv es to su pp or t y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re Ta x in ce nt iv es in pl ac e 65 ,1 67 s) L ob by fo r i nc re as ed ru ra l e le ct ri fic at io n to s pu r p ro ce ss in g at lo w er c os ts . • N um be r o f y ou th e n te rp ri se s ac ce ss in g th e el ec tr ic ity p ow er g ri d fo r a gr o pr oc es si ng • Q ua rt er ly e n ga ge m en ts in fi rs t tw o ye ar s M A A IF , M oE M D L ob by a ct iv iti es to in cr ea se c on ne ct iv ity o f y ou th ag ro p ro ce ss in g pl an ts o n th e na tio na l g ri d In cr ea se d ac ce ss a nd us e of a ff or da bl e el ec tr ic ity b y yo ut h in pr oc es si ng 17 0, 00 0 t) R ev ita liz e a N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l Y ou th Fo ru m • O pe ra tio na l a nd e ff ec tiv e N at io na l A gr ic ul tu r al Y ou th F or um 1 N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l Y ou th F or um M A A IF R e ac tiv at e a na tio na l y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re fo ru m N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l Y ou th F or um e st ab lis he d 55 0, 00 0 48 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE St ra te gy 1 .2 : E nh an ce L an d A cc es s an d C on tr ol b y th e Y ou th a) L ob by fo r e st ab lis h m en t o f a Y ou th L an d Fu nd • N um be r o f l ob by e n ga ge m en ts to e st ab lis h a yo ut h la nd fu nd • A y ou th la nd fu nd in pl ac e in th e fir st tw o ye ar s • A t l ea st 1 0 lo bb y en ga ge m en ts • Y ou th la nd fu nd es ta bl is he d M A A IF M oL H U D , M FP E D , F in an ci al In st itu tio ns , A ct iv iti es to w ar ds th e es ta bl is hm en t o f a Y ou th L an d Fu nd (i nc lu di ng re qu i si te a pp ro va l b y C ab in et ) N at io na l Y ou th L an d Fu nd in p la ce 15 0, 00 0 b) B ui ld th e ca pa ci ty o f ho us eh ol ds , c om m u ni tie s an d co m m un ity ne tw or ks to p ro m ot e yo ut h ow ne rs hi p an d ut ili za tio n of p ub lic an d pr iv at e la nd . • C om m un ity la nd u se C ap ac ity b ui ld in g ac tiv iti es • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th a c ce ss in g un ut ili ze d pu bl ic an d pr iv at e la nd . • A t l ea st 5 a ct iv iti es • A t l ea st 5% o f yo ut h in a gr ic ul tu re M A A IF , M oL H U D M oL G , Tr ai ni ng a nd s en si tiz at io ns a nd o th er in te ra ct io ns w ith in co m m un iti es a t re gi on al a nd d is tr ic t le ve ls C om m un ity n et w or ks pr om ot in g yo ut h ut ili za tio n of la nd fo r ag ri cu ltu re 95 8, 00 0 St ra te gy 1 .3 : S tr en gt he n F am ily a nd C om m un it y In vo lv em en t i n Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l P ro gr am s/ P ro je ct s fo r O w ne rs hi p an d Su st ai na bi lit y e) E du ca te th e yo ut hs o n th e va lu es o f f am i ly a nd c om m un ity st ru ct ur es • N um be r o f E du ca tio n ca m pa ig ns a nd tr ai ni ng s • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th w ith k no w le dg e of fa m i ly v al ue s an d co m m un i ty s tr uc tu re s • A t l ea st 5 • at le as t 5 0% M G L SD M A A IF , M oL G , Se ns iti za tio n of co m m un iti es o n yo ut h em pl oy m en t in a gr ic ul tu re E nh an ce d va lu es w ith in c om m un iti es su pp or tiv e of y ou th em pl oy m en t i n ag ri cu ltu re 91 3, 22 1 f) Su pp or t y ou th , p ar en ts a nd c om m un ity pa rt ic ip at io n in a g ri cu ltu ra l p ro gr am s/ pr oj ec ts ’ d es ig ns , im pl em en ta tio n an d m on ito ri ng • N um be r o f i ni tia tiv es to su pp or t y ou th , p ar en ts an d co m m un ity p ar tic i pa tio n • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th a nd pa re nt s pa rt ic ip at in g in pr og ra m /p ro je ct c yc le s • A t l ea st 3 • A t l ea st 3 0% o f al l y ou th M A A IF M G L SD M oL G , M ob ili za tio n eff or t w ith in c om m un i tie s to p ar tic ip at e fu lly in p ro gr am s de si gn s, im pl em en ta tio n an d m on i to ri ng s ta rt in g w ith pr io ri ty e nt er pr is es . In cr ea se d pa rt ic ip a tio n of p ar en ts , g ua rd ia ns a nd c om m un iti es in y ou th in a gr ic ul tu re pr oj ec t d es ig n 93 0, 37 0 49 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE g) Su pp or t e st ab lis h m en t, nu rt ur in g of m en to ri ng a pp ro ac h es w ith s pe ci al e m ph as is o n pr ox im ity sk ill s fo r t he 1 4 17 ye ar o ld s • N um be r o f m en to ri ng ap pr oa ch es e st ab lis he d & n ur tu re d • N um be r o f y ou th n ur tu re d an d m en to re d • A t l ea st 4 • A t l ea st 2 ,0 00 M A A IF , M oE S, M G L SD , D ev el op m en t pa rt ne rs M en to ri ng a nd nu rt ur in g of y ou th w ith s pe ci al n ee ds as w el l a s 14 1 7 ye ar o ld s N ur tu re d an d m en to re d yo ut h on v ar i ou s ap pr oa ch es 1, 98 4, 00 0 h) Su pp or t i ni tia tiv es th at c re at e m in ds et ch an ge a m on g th e yo ut h an d co m m un iti es to in ve st in a gr ic ul tu re a s a vi ab le v en tu re . • N um be r o f m in ds et ch an ge in te rv en tio ns • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th a p pr ec ia tin g ag ri bu si ne ss • A tle as t 5 • A tle as t 5 0% M A A IF M G L SD M oL G M oE S, C SO s an d FB O s Tr ai ni ng s an d se ns iti za tio n an d st ra te gi c in ve st m en ts a t a ll le ve ls w ith e ve nt s ta rg et in g yo ut h fo r v ia bl e ve nt ur es In cr ea se y ou th re po rt in g ch an ge in o pi ni on on in ve st m en t i n ag ri cu ltu re 92 2, 52 0 St ra te gy 1 .4 : I nc re as e A cc es s to A gr ic ul tu ra l F in an ce f) Se ns iti ze th e yo ut h an d fin an ci al in st i tu tio ns re ga rd in g av ai la bl e fin an ci al pr od uc ts to e st ab lis h fo rm al li nk s • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th aw ar e ab ou t a va ila bl e fin an ci al s er vi ce s & pr od uc ts • A t l ea st 3 0% M A A IF , M oF P E D B oU M G L SD a nd Fi na nc ia l i ns tit u tio ns Se ns iti za tio n In i tia tiv es a t v ar io us le ve ls ta rg et in g yo ut h D ia lo gu e m ee tin gs w ith fi na nc ia l i nt er m ed ia ri es L in ks e st ab lis he d be tw ee n yo ut h an d fin an ci al in te rm ed ia r ie s pr ov id in g vi ab le fin an ci al o pt io ns 36 0, 00 0 g) A dv oc at e fo r m or e yo ut h fr ie nd ly fin an ci al p ro d uc ts w or ki ng w ith fin an ci al in st itu tio ns fo cu se d on re le va nt ag ri cu ltu ra l m ac hi n er y an d eq ui pm en t am on g ot he r i np ut s to s up po rt p ro je ct st ar t up s • N o of y ou th f ri en d ly fi na nc ia l p ro du ct s av ai la bl e fo r y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re • T hr ee (3 ) fi na n ci al p ro du ct s M A A IF M oF P E D B oU Fi na nc ia l I nt er m ed ia ri es A dv oc ac y in iti a tiv es a t v ar io us le ve ls Y ou th fr ie nd ly fi na n ci al p ro du ct s su p po rt in g ag ri cu ltu ra l en te rp ri se s 20 0, 00 0 50 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE h) L ob by G ov er nm en t to e st ab lis h an in no va tio n in cu ba tio n fu nd fo r y ou th gr ou ps • N um be r o f l ob by in iti a tiv es • A n in no va tio n fu nd in pl ac e • O ne a ct iv ity p er an nu m • O ne fu nd s et u p by th e th ir d ye ar M A A IF , M oF P E D M oT IC , Fi na nc ia l i nt er m e di ar ie s L ob by e ve nt s at na tio na l l ev el to es ta bl is h fu nd In no va tio n In cu ba tio n fu nd in p la ce 25 0, 00 0 i) Su pp or t e st ab lis h m en t a nd c ap ac ity bu ild in g of y ou th fa rm er g ro up s, Sa vi ng s an d C re d it C oo pe ra tiv es (S A C C O s) a nd V ill ag e Sa vi ng s an d L oa n A ss oc ia tio ns (V SL A s) to e as e m ob ili sa tio n, a nd in cr ea se s av in gs a nd ac ce ss to a gr ic ul tu ra l fin an ce • N um be r o f c ap ac ity bu ild in g in iti at iv es su pp or te d • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th a bl e to a cc es s ag ri cu ltu ra l fin an ce • A t l ea st 1 0 • A t l ea st 3 0% o f yo ut h in a gr ic ul tu re M A A IF , M oF P E D M G L SD , Fi na nc ia l I nt er m ed ia ri es , SA C C O s, a nd V SL A s C ap ac ity b ui ld in g ev en ts a t a ll le ve ls in cl ud in g w or k sh op s an d ot he r su pp or t t ra in in g ev en ts fo r S A C C O s an d V SL A s In cr ea se d in cl us io n of y ou th in S A C C O s, V SL A s, a nd o th er in co m e m ob ili za tio n sc he m es 93 3, 20 0 j) Su pp or t e st ab lis h m en t a nd p ro m ot io n of s pe ci al m ic ro fi na nc e sc he m es fo r th e 14 1 7 ye ar o ld s be gi nn in g at th e na tio na l l ev el • E st ab lis he d sp ec ia l m ic ro fin an ce s ch em es in cl ud in g th os e fo r 1 4 17 y ea r o ld s • 1 sc he m e M oF PE D , M A A IF L ob by a ct iv iti es b e gi nn in g at n at io na l le ve l A s ch em e pu t i n pl ac e 10 0, 00 0 St ra te gy 1 .5 : I nc re as e A cc es s an d U se o f I C T fo r Y ou th in A gr ic ul tu re d) E st ab lis hm en t o f in te rn et e na bl ed co m m un ity in fo rm a tio n ce nt er s (i nc lu d in g IC T so ft w ar e an d eq ui pm en t) to pr ov id e an d pr om ot e m ar ke t i nf or m a tio n sh ar in g to a nd am on g th e yo ut h in ag ri cu ltu re • N um be r o f l ob by in iti a tiv es • N um be r o f i nt er ne t en ab le d co m m un ity in fo rm at io n ce nt er s es ta bl is he d • A t l ea st 3 • A t l ea st (4 ) a gr i cu ltu re re so ur ce ce nt er s na tio n w id e M A A IF , M O IC T & N G , M oL G , M oF PE D M ar ke t i nf or m at io n sh ar in g fa ci lit ie s at es ta bl is he d co m m u ni ty c en te rs (u p gr ad in g th e D FI s) Fu nc tio na l I C T C en te rs in p la ce 2, 01 0, 00 0 51 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE e) Se ns iti ze a nd tr ai n th e yo ut h in u si ng IC T in A gr ic ul tu re • N um be r o f a w ar en es s an d tr ai ni ng in iti at iv es • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th us in g IC T • A t l ea st 1 ,0 00 yo ut h tr ai ne d pe r ce nt er • A t l ea st 3 0% M A A IF , M O IC T & N G , M oL G , M FP E D Tr ai ni ng S es si on s Pr op or tio n of Y ou th tr ai ne d in IC T sk ill s fo r a gr ic ul tu re 1, 92 0, 00 0 f) U nd er ta ke re se ar ch an d su pp or t d is se m in at io n of o ffl in e to ol s th at a re u sa bl e w ith n o or li m ite d in te rn et c on ne ct iv ity • N um be r o f r es ea rc h st ud ie s • N um be r o f o ffl in e to ol s de ve lo pe d • A t l ea st th re e (3 ) re se ar ch s tu di es • A t l ea st fo ur (4 ) offl in e to ol s M O IC T & N G , M A A IF , M FP E D R es ea rc h to s up po rt us e of IC T in ag ri cu ltu re to ol s ta ilo re d to y ou th ne ed s R es ea rc h pr od uc ts an d off l in e to ol s de ve lo pe d 50 0, 00 0 St ra te gy 1 .6 : I nc re as e A cc es s to M ar ke ts e) Su pp or t t he y ou th in su st ai na bl e pr od uc tio n of h ig h qu al ity , va lu e, q ua nt ity a nd sa fe a gr ic ul tu re pr od uc ts • Vo lu m e of p ro du ce fr om yo ut h en ga ge d in a gr i cu ltu re fo r t ra de • Pr op or tio n of y ou th p ro du ci ng h ig h va lu e an d qu al ity p ro du ct s • In cr ea se b y 30 % in M Ts o r L ite rs of tr ad ea bl e pr od uc ts • A t l ea st 5 0% o f ta rg et ed M A A IF , M oT IC , M oS T I In iti at iv es in tr ad e an d pr oc es si ng ta rg et in g yo ut h H ig h va lu e, q ua lit y an d sa fe p ro du ct s tr ad ed 1, 05 0, 00 0 f) Su pp or t a gr o pr oc es s in g an d po st h ar ve st ha nd lin g in fr a st ru ct ur e (i nc lu di ng co tta ge in du st ri es ) • N um be r o f y ou th u ti liz in g ag ro p ro ce ss in g fa ci lit ie s • N um be r o f p os t ha rv es t ha nd lin g in st al la tio ns a s w el l a s co tta ge in du s tr ie s su pp or te d • A t l ea st 1 0% of y ou th in ag ro p ro ce ss in g • A t l ea st o ne s et of p os t ha rv es t eq ui pm en t p er ea ch o f t he fi ve (5 ) r eg io ns M A A IF M oT IC Pr iv at e Se ct or Su pp or t p ot en tia l fa rm er s to a cc es s ap pr op ri at e in te r m ed ia te a gr o pr o ce ss in g eq ui pm en t th ro ug h zo na l ce nt er s M or e in st al la tio ns 8, 48 4, 00 0 52 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE g) Su pp or t o rg an iz in g of in fo rm al g ro up s of ru ra l y ou th a ge d 14 1 7 ye ar o ld s • N um be r o f g ro up s of 14 1 7 ye ar o ld p ut in pl ac e • A t l ea st 3 0% of th e ta rg et ed yo ut h 14 1 7 ye ar ol ds in c oo pe ra tiv es M A A IF , M oT IC , M G L SD Fa ci lit at io n as w el l as c ap ac ity b ui ld in g fo r 1 4 17 y ea r o ld s pu rp os ed to fo rm gr ou ps fo r a gr ic ul tu ra l p ro du ct io n an d m ar ke tin g G ro up s of 1 4 17 y ea rs ol d op er at io na l 52 0, 00 0 h) S up po rt a nd p ro m ot e in iti at iv es in m ar ke t lin ka ge s su ch a s: ca pa ci ty fo r s to ra ge (t o bu lk u p su pp lie s) , co nt ra ct n eg ot ia tio ns an d m ar ke t a na ly si s • N um ne r o f i ni tia tiv es su pp or te d to fa ci lit at e tr ad e se rv ic es • N um be r o f y ou th w ith tr an sp or t e qu ip m en t • A bo ut fi ve (5 ) in iti at iv es (o ne in ea ch re gi on ) • A tle as t 2 ,0 00 b i cy cl es a nd 1 ,0 00 ca rt s M oT IC , M A A IF , Pr iv at e se ct or M A A IF M oW T D ia lo gu es a nd ca pa ci ty in iti at iv es (i nc lu di ng tr ai ni ng an d ot he r t ra de fa ci lit ie s) to s up po rt tr ad e Pu rc ha se a nd d is tr i bu tio n of tr an sp or t eq ui pm en t In iti at iv es in p la ce to s up po rt li nk ag es fo r y ou th to v ar io us m ar ke ts B ic yc le s an d ca rt s pr oc ur ed 80 0, 00 0 1, 20 0, 00 0 St ra te gy 1 .7 : S up po rt Y ou th in A gr ic ul tu ra l M ec ha ni za ti on c) S up po rt th e yo ut h to ac qu ir e sk ill s fo r o p er at in g, m ai nt en an ce an d fa br ic at io n of ag ri cu ltu ra l t oo ls a nd eq ui pm en t • N um be r o f s up po rt ed yo ut hs w ith s ki lls to m ai nt ai n an d op er at e m ac hi ne s • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th fa br ic at in g ag ri cu ltu ra l to ol s & e qu ip m en t • A tle as t 1 ,2 50 na tio nw id e • A tle as t 1 0% na tio nw id e M A A IF , N A R O , M oE S, M G L SD Tr ai ni ng y ou th to ob ta in v ar io us s ki lls in p ro du ct io n an d fa br ic at io n Y ou th w ith s ki lls fo r m ai nt ai ni ng , o pe ra t in g an d fa br ic at in g ag ri cu ltu ra l m ac hi n er ie s 1, 00 0, 00 0 d) E st ab lis h yo ut h ag ro m ac hi ne ry , h ir e an d le as in g pi lo t s ch em e • N um be r o f y ou th u til iz in g le as in g sc he m es A tle as t o ne p ilo t sc he m e M A A IF , M oL G s Pr oc ur em en t o f m ac hi ne ry A gr o m ac hi ne ry h ir e an d le as in g sc he m e in pl ac e 80 0, 00 0 53 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE T H E M A T IC A R E A 2 : SU P P O R T Y O U T H O R IE N T E D A G R IC U LT U R E E X T E N SI O N (I nt er ve nt io n an d R el at ed C os ts u nd er E xt en si on S er vi ce s) St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve : T o em po w er fa rm er s an d ot he r va lu e ch ai n ac to rs (Y ou th , w om en a nd o th er v ul ne ra bl e gr ou ps ) t o eff ec ti ve ly p ar ti ci pa te a nd b en efi t e qu i ta bl y fr om a gr ic ul tu ra l e xt en si on p ro ce ss es a nd d em an d fo r se rv ic es . St ra te gy 2 .1 : E ffe ct iv e pa rt ic ip at io n an d be ne fit s of y ou th o ri en te d ag ri cu lt ur al e xt en si on a) C on du ct c ap ac ity bu ild in g se ss io ns fo r vu ln er ab le y ou th (e s pe ci al ly 1 4 17 ) N um be r o f y ou th g ro up s w ith v ul ne ra bl e yo ut h A t l ea st o ne s es si on pe r q ua rt er a t a ll le ve ls in v ar io us en te rp ri se s M A A IF (D A E S) L oc al G ov er n m en ts Se ss io ns o f t ra in in g co nd uc te d at lo ca l le ve ls V ul ne ra bl e yo ut h ad ap tin g go od a gr i cu ltu ra l p ra ct ic es C os te d un de r D A E S St ra te gy an d Pl an b) R ev ie w a nd a da pt gu id el in es o n in te gr at io n of y ou th in to ex te ns io n se rv ic es D oc um en te d w or ks o n gu id el in es o n yo ut h ta rg et ed ex te ns io n se rv ic es O ne G ui de lin e of ea ch o f t he 1 2 co re co m m od iti es p ri or i tiz ed u nd er A SS P M A A IF w or k in g th ro ug h th e D A E S C on su lta nc y se r vi ce s to re vi ew a nd up da te e xt en si on gu id el in es G ui de lin es C os te d un de r D A E S St ra te gy an d Pl an c) C ar ry o ut p ro m ot io n ac tiv iti es fo r y ou th in vo lv em en t i n ag ri cu ltu ra l e xt en si on se rv ic es N um be r o f a ct iv iti es c on du ct ed p er e nt er pr is e pe r re gi on o n ex te ns io n se rv ic es th at a re y ou th ta rg et ed A ll yo ut h ta rg et ed th ro ug h va ri ou s m ed ia a nd o th er ne tw or ks M A A IF w or k in g th ro ug h th e D A E S Pr om ot io n ac tiv iti es o n ex te ns io n se rv ic es a va ila bl e Pr om ot io n ac tiv iti es co nd uc te d C os te d un de r D A E S St ra te gy an d Pl an d) C on du ct a s co pi ng st ud ie s an d as se ss m en ts o f e xt en si on ap pr oa ch es (i nc lu di ng e ex te ns io n se rv ic es , m ar ke t o ri en ta tio ns an d yo ut h ta rg et in g in no va tio ns ) a im ed a t id en tif yi ng a nd u ps ca l in g be st p ra ct ic es N um be r o f s co pi ng s tu di es / as se ss m en ts c on du ct ed T hr ee s tu di es (o ne o n ea ch o f c ro p, a ni m al h us ba nd ry a nd fis he ri es ) M A A IF w or k in g th ro ug h th e D A E S C on su lta nc y se r vi ce s to c on du ct st ud ie s an d as se ss m en ts o n yo ut h ta rg et ed e xt en si on se rv ic es B es t p ra ct ic es d oc u m en ts fr om e xt en si on se rv ic e ta rg et in g yo ut h in v ar io us e n te rp ri se s C os te d un de r D A E S St ra te gy an d Pl an 54 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE T H E M A T IC A R E A 3 : I M PR O V E Y O U T H E D U C A T IO N A N D L E A R N IN G St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e: T o m ai ns tr ea m a gr ic ul tu re e du ca tio n at a ll le ve ls St ra te gy 3 .1 : P ro m ot e pe er t o pe er le ar ni ng a pp ro ac he s g) A dv oc at e an d su pp or t r ev ie w th e cu rr ic ul um to pr om ot e pr ac tic al or ie nt at io n of y ou th to a gr ic ul tu re • N um be r o f a dv oc ac y ca m pa ig ns o n C ur ri cu lu m co m pl ia nc e to y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re Fo ur a dv oc ac y ca m pa ig ns p er a nn um M oE S, M A A IF A dv oc ac y ev en ts he ld C ur ri cu lu m c om pl ia nc e to y ou th in ag ri cu ltu re 30 0, 00 0 h) Su pp or t a nd p ro m ot e Y ou th a gr ic ul tu ra l cl ub s an d ca m ps . • N um be r o f y ou th a gr i cu ltu ra l c am ps • N um be r o f e du ca tio n in st itu tio ns s up po rt ed • A t l ea st 1 0 (2 p er re gi on ) • A t l ea st 5 0 M A A IF , M oE S, M G L SD Y ou th a gr ic ul tu ra l cl ub e ve nt s Y ou th fo r a gr ic ul tu re cl ub s in p la ce 54 3, 60 0 i) C on du ct N at io na l ag ri cu ltu ra l c om pe tit io ns fo r t he y ou th to fa ci lit at e pe er le ar ni ng • N um be r o f n at io na l yo ut h ag ri cu ltu ra l c om pe tit io ns s up po rt ed • A t l ea st 5 c om pe tit io ns M A A IF , M G L SD O rg an iz in g na tio na l co m pe tit io ns a nd re sp ec tiv e ga la s N at io na l c om pe tit io ns he ld 1, 00 0, 00 0 j) Pr om ot e pr ac tic al sc ho ol fa rm in g sy st em s (e .g . s ch oo l ga rd en s fo r s tu de nt s’ pr ac tic al te ac hi ng ) • N um be r o f s ch oo l f ar m in g sy st em in te rv en tio ns pr om ot ed • N um be r o f s ch oo ls su pp or te d • A t l ea st 3 in te r ve nt io ns a cr os s sc ho ol s • A t l ea st 5 0 sc ho ol s M A A IF M oE S, M G L SD , A ct iv iti es a t a ll le ve ls to s up po rt pr ac tic al fa rm in g sy st em s A w ar en es s cr ea te d on p ra ct ic al fa rm in g sy st em s 1, 39 1, 00 0 k) Su pp or t l if e sk ill s de ve lo pm en t a nd H IV /A ID S pr ev en tio n an d m iti ga tio n in iti at iv es • N um be r o f H IV /A ID S in iti at iv es s up po rt ed • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th s up po rt ed w ith li fe s ki lls • A t l ea st 5 • A tle as t 5 0% M O H , M A A IF , M G L SD , M oE S C am pa ig ns in sc ho ol s an d co m m un iti es o n H IV / A ID S L if e sk ill s de ve lo pe d am on g yo ut h on H IV pr ev en tio n an d m iti ga tio n m ea su re s 1, 11 7, 00 0 55 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE l) Su pp or t c ap ac ity bu ild in g of y ou th tr ai ne rs to m en to r th e 14 1 7 yo un g pe rs on s • N um be r o f T oT c on du ct ed to m en to r y ou th • N um be r o f y ou th 1 4 17 ye ar o ld s m en to re d • A t l ea st 2 5 To T se ss io ns p er re gi on p er y ea r • A t l ea st 1 ,0 00 tr ai ne d M A A IF M G L SD Tr ai ni ng e ve nt s fo r To T To T on p os t t o m en to r yo ut h 70 0, 00 0 St ra te gy 3 .2 : P ro m ot e ag ri cu lt ur al v oc at io na l t ra in in g a) Pa rt ne r w ith M oE S an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s to s up po rt vo ca tio na l i ns tit u tio ns to o ff er fo rm al an d in fo rm al s ho rt co ur se s to th e yo ut h an d es pe ci al ly th e 14 1 7 ye ar o ld s • N um be r o f v oc at io na l in st itu tio ns s up po rt ed to off er s ho rt c ou rs es • N um be r o f y ou th re ce iv in g su pp or t f ro m v oc a tio na l s ch oo ls ta rg et ed • O ne v oc at io n al in st itu te p er re gi on • A t l ea st 1 ,0 00 tr ai ne d M A A IF M oE S O th er v oc at io na l in st itu tio na l Fa ci lit at io n to v oc a tio na l i ns tit ut io ns Vo ca tio na l i ns tit ut io ns off er in g fo rm al a nd in fo rm al s ho rt c ou rs es 1, 00 0, 00 0 b) St re ng th en th e ca pa ci ty o f Z A R D Is to off er re le va nt v oc a tio na l tr ai ni ng to th e yo ut h in a gr ic ul tu re • N um be r Z A R D Is s up po rt ed to o ff er tr ai ni ng s A ll Z A R D Is M A A IF Z A R D Is C ap ac ity in iti at iv es in a ll re gi on s Y ou th p ro vi de d w ith vo ca tio na l s ki lls 4. 50 0, 00 0 T H E M A T IC A R E A 4 . S U P P O R T Y O U T H E N T R E P R E N E U R SH IP St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e. T o en ha nc e th e en tr ep re ne ur sh ip s ki lls o f t he Y ou th St ra te gy 4 .1 : P ro m ot e an d su pp or t y ou th a gr ic ul tu ra l e nt re pr en eu rs a s an in ce nt iv e fo r jo b cr ea ti on a nd in co m e ge ne ra ti on d) Su pp or t y ou th ag ri cu ltu ra l e nt re pr en eu rs to a cc es s bu si ne ss in cu ba tio n se rv ic es • N um be r o f y ou th u til iz in g bu si ne ss in cu ba tio n se rv ic es • A tle as t 5 00 M A A IF M G L SD M oF PE D U IA A ct iv iti es re la te d to b us in es s tr ai ni ng fo r y ou th p ro je ct st ar t up s Y ou th s ki lls e nh an ce d 76 0, 00 0 e) B ui ld c ap ac ity o f t he yo ut h to w ri te v ia bl e ag ri cu ltu re p ro po sa ls an d bu si ne ss p la ns fo r s ou rc in g of fu nd s • N um be r o f f un da bl e/ vi a bl e pr op os al s de ve lo pe d • N um be r o f y ou th w ith kn ow le dg e to w ri te pr op os al s • A tle as t 6 00 • A tle as t 3 00 M A A IF , M G L SD , PS F, E nt er pr is e U ga nd a Tr ai ni ng a nd m en to rs hi p ev en ts o n bu si ne ss p ro po sa l pr ep ar at io n Y ou th b us in es s pr o po sa ls d ev el op ed 61 0, 12 0 56 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE f) W or k w ith M oE S in pr ov is io n of b as ic fu nc tio na l l ite ra cy an d nu m er ac y sk ill s to th e 14 1 7 yo un g pe rs on s (t o th os e un ab le to a tte nd sc ho ol in g) . N um be r o f 1 4 17 y ea r ol ds re ce iv in g fu nc tio na l lit er ac y an d nu m er ac y sk ill s • A t l ea st 5 00 M A A IF M oE S M G L SD Tr ai ni ng s es si on s Fu nc tio na l s ki lls b ui lt 76 1, 00 0 T H E M A T IC A R E A 5 . A D A PT A T IO N T O A N D M IT IG A T IO N O F A G R IB U SI N E SS R IS K S A N D U N C E R TA IN T IE S St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e: T o re du ce v ul ne ra bi lit y to r is ks a nd u nc er ta in tie s fo r en ha nc ed p ro du ct iv ity , p ro fit ab ili ty a nd in co m es St ra te gy 5 .1 . E nh an ce y ou th ’s a da pt at io n an d re si lie nc e to c lim at e re la te d ag ri bu si ne ss r is ks a nd u nc er ta in ti es e) Su pp or t d ev el op m en t a nd p ro m ot e up ta ke o f b es t p ra c tic es , i nn ov at io ns an d te ch no lo gi es re le va nt to a dd re ss in g ag ri bu si ne ss ri sk s an d un ce rt ai n tie s • N um be r o f i nt er ve nt io ns su pp or te d • N um be r o f b es t p ra c tic es , i nn ov at io ns a nd te ch no lo gi es id en tifi ed & ro lle d ou t • A t l ea st 1 0 • A t l ea st fi ve (5 ) M A A IF , N A R O , H ig he r E du ca tio n & re se ar ch In st itu tio ns St ud y to ur s an d ex ch an ge v is its co nd uc te d B es t p ra ct ic es a nd in no va tio ns o n va ri ou s te ch no lo gi es a do pt ed 1, 00 0, 00 0 f) Su pp or t i nt er ve nt io ns to w ar ds eff ec tiv e an d effi ci en t d is se m in at io n of in fo rm at io n on w ea th er p at te rn s an d ea rl y w ar ni ng sy st em s fo r C SA an d be tte r a gr ib us i ne ss p la nn in g. • N um be r o f i nt er ve nt io ns su pp or te d • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th ac ce ss in g an d ut ili zi ng in fo rm at io n on w ea th er pa tte rn s an d ea rl y w ar n in g sy st em s • A t l ea st fi ve (5 ) • A t l ea st 5 0% M A A IF , N A R O , H ig he r E du ca tio n & re se ar ch In st i tu tio ns , M W E D is se m in at io n ev en ts a nd p ro du ct s w ith in fo rm at io n on e ar ly w ar ni ng sy st em s Tr ai ni ng in u se o f w ea th er p at te rn in fo rm at io n sy st em s In iti at iv es s up po rt ed to p ro vi de in fo rm a tio n on e ar ly w ar ni ng sy st em s an d w ea th er pa tte rn s 30 0, 00 0 g) Pr om ot e ag ri cu ltu ra l in su ra nc e to c us hi on ag ri cu ltu ra l l os s • N um be r o f y ou th e nt er pr is es s up po rt ed w ith ag ri cu ltu ra l i ns ur an ce sc he m es • N um be r o f i ns tit ut io ns pr ov id in g in su ra nc e sc he m es • A t l ea st 2 00 p ro j ec ts M A A IF , M oF PE D , B oU , Fi na nc ia l I ns tit u tio ns W or k w ith fi na nc ia l in st itu tio ns p ro vi di ng a gr ic ul tu ra l in su ra nc e Y ou th a gr ic ul tu ra l en te rp ri se s in su re d 25 0, 00 0 57 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE h) D es ig n ra pi d re sp on se (d is as te r p re pa re d ne ss ) s ys te m • N um be r o f e m er ge nt re sp on se s co nd uc te d • A ll M A A IF , O PM , M oF PE D , O ffi ce o f t he P re s id en t, M G L SD , U N a nd o th er ag en ci es Su pp or t i nt er ve n tio ns fo r e m er ge nc e/ ra pi d re sp on se fu nd R ap id re sp on se s ys te m in p la ce 1, 00 0, 00 0 St ra te gy 5 .2 : P ro m ot e de ce nt w or k an d en ha nc e oc cu pa ti on al h ea lt h an d sa fe ty a m on g th e yo ut h d) Su pp or t r es ea rc h an d pr om ot e be st pr ac tic es o n w or ki ng co nd iti on s fo r y ou th in a gr ib us in es s • N um be r o f i nt er ve nt io ns su pp or te d • Pe rc en ta ge o f y ou th w ith k no w le dg e of b es t pr ac tic es • A t l ea st 1 0 • A t l ea st 6 0% M G L SD M A A IF , H ig he r E du ca tio n & re se ar ch In st itu tio ns Fu nd re se ar ch s tu d ie s on b es t p ra ct ic es R es ea rc h pr od uc ts on b es t p ra ct ic es in oc cu pa tio na l h ea lth 90 1, 46 2 e) Su pp or t s en si tiz at io n of y ou th o n oc cu pa tio na l h ea lth a nd s af e ty in cl ud in g as pe ct s to a dd re ss h az ar do us ch ild la bo ur a ct iv iti es • N um be r o f y ou th s en si tiz ed a bo ut O SH • A ll M G L SD , M oH , M A A IF , O th er N on s ta te ac to rs Se ns iti za tio n in iti a tiv es Y ou th s en si tiz ed in O SH 37 2, 31 1 f) Pr ov is io n of p ro te c tiv e ge ar s an d la bo ur sa vi ng te ch no lo gi es • N um be r o f y ou th s up po rt ed w ith O SH k its • A tle as t fi ve (5 ) na tio nw id e M oH , M A A IF , M G L SD Pr oc ur e an d di st ri b ut e O SH k its Y ou th h av e O SH k its 1, 00 0, 00 0 58 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE ANNEX 3: APPROACHES ADOPTED UNDER VARIOUS YOUTH PROGRAMS Participatory Approach Participatory approach entails the full participation and involvement of the community members, youth organizations and the local government in the design and implementation of the programme. Government programmes, such as YLP and NAADS, have been identified as having taken on this model to reach out to targeted youth nationwide. USAID’s FtF CPM activity and EAYIP are some of the donor-driven programmes that also used this approach. This approach has the advantage of being fully owned by the program designers and beneficiaries. The beneficiaries are involved in identification of the enterprises, possible challenges and mitigation measures. Whereas it is all embracing, it requires already existing and organized groups of youths, many of which are weak. Bureaucracy and corruption reduce the effectiveness of this approach to deliver the envisioned impact. Multi-stakeholder Approach In this approach, a number of interested stakeholders are involved. They identify roles to be played by each, based on their competencies, pool of resources and widely publicize the youth programmes. This approach creates a deep pool of resources, allows for cross fertilization of ideas, and draws from the strong points of each stakeholder, while weaknesses are easily absorbed. It allows for more partners and draws a lot from past experiences of the stakeholders. The challenge with it is the merging of ideology to ensure that each of the stakeholders is satisfied with the partnership and the end result. The issue of attribution may also cause challenges as stakeholders continue to forge for visibility. The Youth Venture Capital Fund (VCF) is one of the youth programmes that utilizes this approach. Value chain or cluster approach This approach focuses on specific agricultural value chain(s). Notable among these is CURAD (coffee); Afribanana (Banana); CPM (coffee, maize, beans); EAYIP (livestock) and AFRISA (livestock). This develops the enterprises in-depth, right from the pre-production phase to consumption. It leaves no node unaddressed and hence has the capacity for the full development of the commodities. A number of products and approaches are developed to address the needs of various market niches. However, it may shut out some of the youth whose interest may be in other commodities. Hands-on or practical approach (Incubation model) This approach focuses on imparting the practical skills that stimulate innovations and problem solving. The notable programs that use this approach are; Skilling Uganda, YAP, SAIP, CPM, and agribusiness incubators (UIRI, CURAD, Afribanana, AFRISA, FTBIC). The programme participants are nurtured to become successful entrepreneurs. Such an approach is pertinent for future employment and job creation. The major challenges include its expensive in nature and its limited to specific locations and centers in the country. Having many incubation centers is the way to go but it calls for a big resource envelope. Hub or one-stop center approach This approach provides for integration, and allows for comprehensive range of business support services to youth and their SMEs. It provides for a wide range of facilities, enterprises and skills which a person can acquire by being in one place only, with all the personnel competencies, instead of moving from place to place. Whereas it is expensive to set up such facilities, in the long run, they are cost effective compared to many other approaches. It can be replicated and up scaled in strategic locations in the country, but expensive. It benefits from well trained and experienced staff to offer the desired skills. Examples of this are; UIRI, CURAD, Afribanana and STRYDE. After care services are availed to strengthen the trainee in the practical world. Holistic approach Some of the programmes/projects, such as DYNAMIC, EAYIP, UPLIFT are taking a holistic approach. Here, the entire livelihood aspects of the youth are taken into consideration. Therefore, the social, economic and environmental aspects are considered. This is being used by especially development partners, e.g. FAO and UNICEF, with a long-term commitment to empower youth to achieve socially, economically and environmentally secure livelihoods. Such programs, however, might not give agriculture/agribusiness the visibility that it deserves since there are also other youth pressing problems, such as HIV/AIDS, teenage pregnancy, and drug use. Having recognized these approaches, it is important to further analyze their levels of success because they are not mutually exclusive. A good mixture of these methods is recommended to ensure optimal resource use and adequacy to attain the desired outcomes. Each of them has particularly strong and weak aspects as highlighted. It is desirable that SWOT and cost effective analysis be conducted to guide the right choice of approaches that can cause the greatest impact among the youth in the country. 59 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE A N N E X 4 : N A T IO N A L S T R A T E G Y F O R Y O U T H E M P L O Y M E N T I N A G R IC U LT U R E D E TA IL S O F IN V E ST M E N T E F F O R T A N D C O ST N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) T H E M A T IC A R E A 1 : ST R E N G T H E N T H E E N A B L IN G E N V IR O N M E N T F O R Y O U T H E M P L O Y M E N T St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve N ar ra ti ve : To p ro m ot e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t f or y ou th e m pl oy m en t i n ag ri cu lt ur e St ra te gy 1 .1 : S tr en gt he n th e P ol ic y an d L eg al F ra m ew or k 1. 1. 1a ) I de nt if y, R ev ie w a nd H ar m on iz e L aw s, P ol ic ie s an d St ra te gi es R el at in g to Y ou th in A gr ic ul tu re . Po lic y B ri ef s O n T he P ol ic ie s, L aw s A nd S tr at eg ie s R es po ns iv e To Y ou th Is su es L um p su m (C on su lta nc y 34 8, 75 8 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 0 0 0 34 8, 75 8 1. 1. 1b ) L ob by G ov er nm en t a nd Po lic y M ak er s Fo r L eg al P ro vi si on s T ha t R ec og ni ze T he 1 4 17 Y ea r O ld s R ec og ni tio n O f Y ou th A ge d 14 1 7 Y ea rs W ith in G ov er n m en t P ro gr am s L um p su m 20 4, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 0 0 20 4, 00 0 1. 1. 1c ) Pr om ot e A w ar en es s In iti at iv es A bo ut Y ou th E n ab lin g L aw s, P ro ce du re s, R ig ht s, Pr og ra m m es , O bl ig at io ns a nd R em ed ie s Y ou th A w ar e O f R ig ht s, O bl ig at io ns a nd R em ed ie s To C ha lle ng es T he y Fa ce 10 W or k sh op 52 ,0 00 10 4, 00 0 10 4, 00 0 10 4, 00 0 10 4, 00 0 10 4, 00 0 52 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1d ) S up po rt D is se m in at io n O f T he N SY E A a nd Y ou th P ro gr am s Po pu la r V er si on , L ea fle ts D is se m in at ed 10 D is se m in at io n W or ks ho ps 55 ,0 00 16 5, 00 0 16 5, 00 0 22 0, 00 0 0 0 55 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1e ) S up po rt M on ito ri ng a nd E nf or ce m en t O f R eg ul at io ns Pe rt ai ni ng T o A gr ic ul tu ra l S er vi ce s E sp ec ia lly , I np ut s E nf or ce d R eg ul at io ns Ta ilo re d To S up po rt Y ou th Se rv ic es In A gr ic ul tu re 5 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 1, 50 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1f ) B ui ld C ap ac ity O f M A A IF To M ai ns tr ea m Y ou th Is su es In T he ir P ro gr am s an d Pa rt ne rs hi ps In cl us iv e O f 1 4 17 Y ea r O ld s Tr ai ni ng S es si on s H el d an d E vi de nc e O f P ro je ct s D es ig ne d R efl ec tin g Y ou th Is su es 5 12 8, 00 0 12 8, 00 0 12 8, 00 0 12 8, 00 0 12 8, 00 0 12 8, 00 0 64 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1g ) S up po rt Im pr ov em en t O f T he M & E S ys te m s Fo r Y ou th In te rv en tio ns Pe rf or m an ce D at a O n Y ou th In A gr ic ul tu re 10 10 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1h ) L ob by F or P ro vi si on O f Y ou th A gr ib us in es s Ta x In ce nt iv es Ta x In ce nt iv es In P la ce L um p su m 65 ,1 67 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 0 0 65 ,1 67 60 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) 1. 1. 1i ) L ob by F or In cr ea se d R ur al E le ct ri fic at io n To S pu r P ro ce ss in g A t L ow er C os ts . In cr ea se d A cc es s an d U se O f A ff or da bl e E le ct ri ci ty B y Y ou th In P ro ce ss in g 5 34 ,0 00 34 ,0 00 34 ,0 00 34 ,0 00 34 ,0 00 34 ,0 00 17 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1j ) R ev ita liz e A N at io na l A gr i cu ltu ra l Y ou th F or um N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l Y ou th Fo ru m E st ab lis he d L um p su m 11 0, 00 0 11 0, 00 0 11 0, 00 0 11 0, 00 0 11 0, 00 0 55 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 1, 65 8, 92 5 1, 04 1, 00 0 1, 09 6, 00 0 87 6, 00 0 87 6, 00 0 5, 54 7, 92 5 St ra te gy 1 .2 E nh an ce L an d A cc es s an d C on tr ol b y Y ou th 1. 1. 2a ) L ob by F or E st ab lis hm en t O f A Y ou th L an d Fu nd N at io na l Y ou th L an d Fu nd In P la ce L um p su m 15 0, 00 0 15 0, 00 0 1. 1. 2b ) B ui ld T he C ap ac ity o f H ou se ho ld s, C om m un iti es a nd C om m un ity N et w or ks to P ro m ot e Y ou th O w ne rs hi p an d U til iz at io n of P ub lic a nd P ri va te L an d. C om m un ity N et w or ks P ro m ot in g Y ou th U til iz at io n O f L an d Fo r A gr ic ul tu re 12 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 95 8, 00 0 Su b To ta l 34 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 19 1, 60 0 1, 10 8, 00 0 St ra te gy 1 .3 S tr en gt he n F am ily a nd C om m un it y In vo lv em en t i n Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l P ro gr am s/ P ro je ct s to e nh an ce o w ne rs hi p an d P ro pe rt y 1. 1. 3a ) E du ca te T he Y ou th s O n T he V al ue s O f F am ily a nd C om m un ity S tr uc tu re s E nh an ce d V al ue s W ith in C om m un iti es S up po rt iv e O f Y ou th E m pl oy m en t I n A gr ic ul tu re 10 C am pa ig ns 91 ,3 22 91 ,3 22 1 82 ,6 44 27 3, 96 6 36 5, 28 8 91 3, 22 1 1. 1. 3b ) Su pp or t Y ou th , P ar en ts an d C om m un ity P ar tic ip at io n In A gr ic ul tu ra l P ro gr am s/ Pr oj ec ts ’ D es ig ns , I m pl em en ta tio n an d M on ito ri ng In cr ea se d Pa rt ic ip at io n O f Pa re nt s, G ua rd ia ns a nd C om m un iti es In Y ou th In A g ri cu ltu re P ro je ct D es ig n L um p su m 18 6, 07 4 18 6, 07 4 18 6, 07 4 18 6, 07 4 18 6, 07 4 93 0, 37 0 1. 13 c) S up po rt E st ab lis hm en t, N ur tu ri ng O f M en to ri ng A p pr oa ch es W ith S pe ci al E m ph as is O n Pr ox im ity S ki lls F or T he 1 4 17 Y ea r O ld s N ur tu re d an d M en to re d Y ou th O n V ar io us A pp ro ac h es 10 M en to ri ng C am pa ig ns 19 8, 40 0 19 8, 40 0 39 6, 80 0 59 5, 20 0 79 3, 60 0 1, 98 4, 00 0 1. 1. 3d ) S up po rt In iti at iv es T ha t C re at e M in ds et C ha ng e A m on g T he Y ou th A nd C om m un iti es T o In ve st In A gr ic ul tu re A s A V ia bl e V en tu re . In cr ea se Y ou th R ep or tin g C ha ng e In O pi ni on O n In ve st m en t I n A gr ic ul tu re 6 C ha nn el s O f F ee d ba ck 46 1, 26 0 30 7, 50 6. 67 15 3, 75 3. 33 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 92 2, 52 0 61 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) Su b To ta l 93 7, 05 6 1, 07 3, 02 5 1, 20 8, 99 3 1, 34 4, 96 2 18 6, 07 4 4, 75 0, 11 1 St ra te gy 1 .4 I nc re as e ac ce ss to a gr ic ul tu ra l fi na nc e 1. 1. 4 A )S en si tiz e T he Y ou th A nd Fi na nc ia l I ns tit ut io ns R eg ar di ng A va ila bl e Fi na nc ia l P ro du ct s To E st ab lis h Fo rm al li nk s L in ks E st ab lis he d B et w ee n Y ou th A nd F in an ci al In te r m ed ia ri es P ro vi di ng V ia bl e Fi na nc ia l O pt io ns L um p su m 18 0, 00 0 18 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar b ud ge t Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 36 0, 00 0 1. 1. 4b )A dv oc at e Fo r M or e Y ou th F ri en dl y Fi na nc ia l P ro du ct s W or ki ng W ith F in an ci al In st itu tio ns Y ou th F ri en dl y Fi na nc ia l Pr od uc ts S up po rt in g A gr ic ul tu ra l E nt er pr is es L um p su m 20 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar b ud ge t Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 20 0, 00 0 1. 1. 4c )L ob by G ov er nm en t T o E s ta bl is h A n In no va tio n In cu ba tio n Fu nd F or Y ou th G ro up s In no va tio n In cu ba tio n Fu nd In P la ce L um p su m 15 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 25 0, 00 0 1. 1. 4d )S up po rt E st ab lis hm en t A nd C ap ac ity B ui ld in g O f Y ou th F ar m er G ro up s, S av in gs A nd C re di t C o op er at iv es (S A C C O s) A nd V ill ag e Sa vi ng s A nd L oa n A ss oc ia tio ns (V L SA s) T o E as e M ob ili sa tio n, A nd In cr ea se S av in gs A nd A cc es s To A gr ic ul tu ra l F in an ce . In cr ea se d In cl us io n O f Y ou th In S A C C O s, V L SA s A nd O th er In co m e M ob ili za tio n Sc he m es 5 SA C C O s/ V L SA s W ith Y ou th In cl ud ed 18 6, 64 0 18 6, 64 0 37 3, 28 0 37 3, 28 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 9 33 ,2 00 1. 1. 4e ) S up po rt E st ab lis hm en t A nd Pr om ot io n O f S pe ci al M ic ro fi na nc e Sc he m es F or T he 1 4 17 Y ea r O ld s A S ch em e Pu t I n Pl ac e L um p su m 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 81 6, 64 0 65 3, 28 0 37 3, 28 0 1, 84 3, 20 0 St ra te gy 1 .5 I nc re as e A cc es s an d us e of I C T fo r yo ut h in A gr ic ul tu re 1. 1. 5a )E st ab lis hm en t O f I nt er ne t E na bl ed C om m un ity In fo rm at io n C en tr es (I nc lu di ng IC T So ft w ar e A nd E qu ip m en t) T o Pr ov id e A nd Pr om ot e M ar ke t I nf or m at io n Sh ar in g To a nd A m on g T he Y ou th In A gr ic ul tu re Fu nc tio na l I C T C en te rs In Pl ac e 6 33 5, 00 0 67 0, 00 0 67 0, 00 0 67 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 2, 01 0, 00 0 62 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) 1. 1. 5b ) S en si tiz e A nd T ra in T he Y ou th In U si ng IC T In A gr ic ul tu re Pr op or tio n O f Y ou th T ra in ed In IC T Sk ill s Fo r A gr ic ul tu re 6 32 0, 00 0 96 0, 00 0 64 0, 00 0 32 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 1, 92 0, 00 0 1. 1. 5c ) U nd er ta ke R es ea rc h A nd Su pp or t D is se m in at io n O f O ffl in e To ol s T ha t A re U sa bl e W ith N o O r L im ite d In te rn et C on ne ct iv ity R es ea rc h Pr od uc ts A nd O ff L in e To ol s D ev el op ed 5 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 1, 73 0, 00 0 1, 51 0, 00 0 1, 09 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 4, 43 0, 00 0 1. 1. 6a ) Su pp or t T he Y ou th In Su st ai na bl e Pr od uc tio n O f H ig h Q ua lit y, V al ue , Q ua nt ity a nd S af e A gr ic ul tu re P ro du ct s H ig h V al ue , Q ua lit y an d Sa fe Pr od uc ts T ra de d 6 17 5, 00 0 52 5, 00 0 35 0, 00 0 17 5, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 1, 05 0, 00 0 1. 1. 6b ) S up po rt A gr o Pr oc es s in g an d Po st H ar ve st H an dl in g In fr as tr uc tu re (I nc lu di ng C ot ta ge In du st ri es ) M or e In st al la tio ns 12 70 7, 00 0 70 7, 00 0 1, 41 4, 00 0 2, 12 1, 00 0 2, 82 8, 00 0 1, 41 4, 00 0 8, 48 4, 00 0 1. 1. 6c ) S up po rt O rg an iz in g O f In fo rm al G ro up s O f R ur al Y ou th A ge d 14 1 7 Y ea r O ld s G ro up s O f 1 4 17 Y ea rs O ld O pe ra tio na l 6 R ur al G ro up s 26 0, 00 0 26 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 52 0, 00 0 1. 1. 6d )S up po rt A nd P ro m ot e In i tia tiv es In M ar ke t L in ka ge s Su ch A s: C ap ac ity F or S to ra ge (T o B ul k U p Su pp lie s) , C on tr ac t N eg ot ia tio ns A nd M ar ke t A na ly si s In iti at iv es in P la ce to S up po rt L in ka ge s fo r Y ou th to V ar i ou s M ar ke ts . 6 40 0, 00 0 26 6, 66 6. 70 13 3, 33 3. 66 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 80 0, 00 0 B ic yc le s A nd C ar ts P ro cu re d 4, 80 0 25 0 25 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 1, 20 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 1, 88 2, 00 0 2, 79 0, 66 7 2, 93 9, 33 4 3, 02 8, 00 0 1, 41 4, 00 0 12 ,0 54 ,0 00 1. 1. 7a )S up po rt T he Y ou th T o A cq ui re S ki lls F or O pe ra tin g, M ai nt en an ce a nd F ab ri ca tio n O f A gr ic ul tu ra l T oo ls A nd E qu ip m en t Y ou th W ith S ki lls F or M ai nt ai ni ng , O pe ra tin g an d Fa br ic at in g A gr ic ul tu ra l M ac hi ne ri es 10 C ou rs es 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 40 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 7b )E st ab lis h Y ou th A gr o M ac hi ne ry H ir e an d L ea si ng P ilo t Sc he m e A gr o M ac hi ne ry H ir e an d L ea si ng S ch em e In P la ce L um p su m 40 0, 00 0 40 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 80 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 50 0, 00 0 60 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 40 0, 00 0 1, 80 0, 00 0 T he m at ic A re a 1 To ta l 7, 86 6, 22 1 7 ,8 59 ,5 72 7 ,1 99 ,2 07 5 ,9 40 ,5 62 2, 66 7, 67 4 3 1, 53 3, 23 6 63 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) T H E M A T IC A R E A 2 : S U P P O R T Y O U T H O R IE N T E D A G R IC U LT U R A L E X T E N SI O N St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve : T o em po w er y ou th to p ar ti ci pa te a nd b en efi t e qu it ab ly fr om a gr ic ul tu ra l e xt en si on s er vi ce s (c os te d un de r N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l E xt en si on S er vi ce s P ol ic y im pl em en ta ti on b y th e D ir ec to ra te o f A gr ic ul tu ra l S er vi ce s E xt en si on ) St ra te gy 2 .1 E ffe ct iv e P ar ti ci pa ti on a nd b en efi t b y th e yo ut h fr om y ou th f ri en dl y ag ri cu lt ur al e xt en si on s er vi ce s 2. 1. 1 a) C on du ct c ap ac ity b ui ld in g se ss io ns fo r y ou th to d em an d ex te ns io n se rv ic es 2. 1. 1 b) R ev ie w a nd a da pt g ui de lin es o n in te gr at io n of y ou th in to e xt en si on s er vi ce s 2. 1. 1 c) C ar ry o ut p ro m ot io n ac tiv iti es fo r y ou th in vo lv em en t i n ag ri cu ltu re e xt en si on s er vi ce s 1. 1. 1 d) C on du ct s co pi ng S tu dy a nd A ss es sm en t o n ag ri cu ltu ra l s er vi ce e xt en si on in a b id to u ps ca le b es t p ra ct ic es T he m at ic A re a 2 To ta l 0 0 0 0 0 0 T H E M A T IC A R E A 3 : I M P R O V E Y O U T H E D U C A T IO N A N D L E A R N IN G St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve : T o m ai ns tr ea m y ou th in a gr ic ul tu re e du ca ti on a t a ll le ve ls St ra te gy 3 .1 T o m ai ns tr ea m y ou th ta rg et ed a gr ic ul tu re e du ca ti on a t a ll le ve ls 3. 1. 1a ) A dv oc at e an d Su pp or t R e vi ew T he C ur ri cu lu m T o Pr om ot e Pr ac tic al O ri en ta tio n O f Y ou th T o A gr ic ul tu re C ur ri cu lu m C om pl ia nc e To Y ou th In A gr ic ul tu re 2 A dv oc ac y C am pa ig n M ee tin gs 15 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 3. 1. 1b ) S up po rt a nd P ro m ot e Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l C lu bs a nd C am ps . Y ou th F or A gr ic ul tu re C lu bs In P la ce 10 0 Y ou th C lu bs P ut In Pl ac e 24 3, 00 0 10 0, 60 0 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 54 3, 60 0 3. 1. 1c ) C on du ct N at io na l A gr ic ul tu ra l C om pe tit io ns F or T he Y ou th To F ac ili ta te P ee r L ea rn in g N at io na l C om pe tit io ns H el d 2 N at io na l C om pe ti tio ns H el d 50 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r Fo llo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 1, 00 0, 00 0 3. 1. 1d ) P ro m ot e Pr ac tic al S ch oo l Fa rm in g Sy st em s (E .G . S ch oo l G ar de ns F or S tu de nt s’ P ra ct ic al Te ac hi ng ) A w ar en es s C re at ed O n P ra c tic al F ar m in g Sy st em s 10 A w ar e ne ss C am pa ig n M ee tin gs 50 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 39 1, 00 0 F ol lo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st y ea r F ol lo w th ro ug h co st s fr om la st ye ar 1, 39 1, 00 0 3. 1. 1e ) Su pp or t L if e Sk ill s D ev el op m en t a nd H IV /A ID S Pr ev en tio n an d M iti ga tio n In iti at iv es L if e Sk ill s D ev el op ed A m on g Y ou th O n H IV Pr ev en tio n an d M iti ga tio n M ea su re s 10 W or k sh op s O n H IV P re ve n tio n 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 11 7, 00 0 1, 11 7, 00 0 64 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) 3. 1. 1f ) Su pp or t C ap ac ity B ui ld in g O f Y ou th T ra in er s To M en to r T he 14 1 7 Y ou ng P er so ns To t O n Po st T o M en to r Y ou th 20 0, 00 0 To t Tr ai ne d 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 70 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 2, 09 3, 00 0 1, 15 0, 60 0 1, 34 1, 00 0 35 0, 00 0 11 7, 00 0 5, 05 1, 60 0 St ra te gy 3 .2 P ro m ot e ag ri cu lt ur al v oc at io na l T ra in in g 3. 2. 1a ) P ar tn er W ith M oE S an d O th er S ta ke ho ld er s To S up po rt Vo ca tio na l I ns tit ut io ns T o O ff er Fo rm al a nd In fo rm al S ho rt C ou rs es T o T he Y ou th a nd E sp ec ia lly T he 1 4 17 Y ea r O ld s Vo ca tio na l I ns tit ut io ns O f fe ri ng F or m al a nd In fo rm al Sh or t C ou rs es . 25 0 Vo ca tio na l In st itu tio ns B ro ug ht O n B oa rd T o Tr ai n 14 1 7 Y ea r O ld s 4, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 15 0, 00 0 15 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 3. 2. 1b ) S tr en gt he n T he C ap ac ity O f Z A R D Is T o O ff er R el ev an t Vo ca tio na l Tr ai ni ng T o T he Y ou th In A gr ic ul tu re Y ou th P ro vi de d W ith V oc a tio na l S ki lls 4 Vo ca tio na l In st itu tio ns B ui lt 1, 50 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 50 0, 00 0 4, 50 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 1, 75 0, 00 0 1, 25 0, 00 0 1 ,2 00 ,0 00 6 50 ,0 00 6 50 ,0 00 5, 50 0, 00 0 T he m at ic A re a 3 To ta l 3, 84 3, 00 0 2, 40 0, 60 0 2, 54 1, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 76 7, 00 0 10 ,5 51 ,6 00 T H E M A T IC A R E A 4 S U P P O R T Y O U T H E N T R E P R E N U E R SH IP St ra te gy O bj ec ti ve : T o en ha nc e th e en tr ep re ne ur sh ip S ki lls o f t he Y ou th St ra te gy 4 .1 P ro m ot e an d Su pp or t Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l E nt re pr en eu rs a s an in ce nt iv e fo r jo b cr ea ti on a nd in co m e ge ne ra ti on 4. 1. 1a ) S up po rt Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l E nt re pr en eu rs T o A cc es s B us in es s In cu ba tio n Se rv ic es Y ou th S ki lls E nh an ce d 20 0, 00 0 Y ou th Tr ai ne d 50 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 60 ,0 00 76 0, 00 0 4. 1. 1b ) B ui ld C ap ac ity O f T he Y ou th T o W ri te V ia bl e A gr ic ul tu re Pr op os al s an d B us in es s Pl an s Fo r So ur ci ng O f F un ds Y ou th B us in es s Pr op os al s D ev el op ed 10 T ra in in g W or ks ho ps 30 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 11 0, 12 0 61 0, 12 0 65 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) 4. 1. 1c ) W or k W ith M oE S In P ro vi si on O f B as ic F un ct io na l L ite ra cy an d N um er ac y Sk ill s To T he 1 4 17 Y ou ng P er so ns (T o T ho se U na bl e To A tte nd S ch oo lin g) . Fu nc tio na l S ki lls B ui lt Fu nc tio n al S ki lls C la ss es 26 0, 00 0 20 1, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 76 1, 00 0 Su b To ta l 1, 06 0, 00 0 60 1, 00 0 37 0, 12 0 10 0, 00 0 2, 13 1, 12 0 T he m at ic A re a 4 To ta l 1, 06 0, 00 0 60 1, 00 0 37 0, 12 0 10 0, 00 0 2, 13 1, 12 0 T H E M A T IC A R E A 5 A D A P TA T IO N A N D M IT IG A T IO N O F A G R IB U SI N E SS R IS K S A N D U N C E R TA IN IT IE S 5. 1 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve : T o re du ce v ul ne ra bi lit y to r is ks a nd u nc er ta in ti es fo r en ha nc ed p ro du ct iv it y, p ro fit ab ili ty a nd in co m es St ra te gy 5 .1 .1 E nh an ce d yo ut h ad ap ti on a nd r es ili en ce to c lim at e re la te d ag ri bu si ne ss r is ks a nd u nc er ta in ti es 5. 1. 1a )S up po rt D ev el op m en t a nd Pr om ot e U pt ak e O f B es t P ra ct ic es , In no va tio ns a nd T ec hn ol og ie s R el ev an t T o A dd re ss in g A gr ib us in es s R is ks a nd U nc er ta in tie s B es t P ra ct ic es A nd In no va tio ns O n V ar io us T ec hn ol o gi es A do pt ed A b es t pr ac tic e pe r en te rp ri se a s do cu m en t ed b y th e re vi ew s L um p su m 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 5. 1. 1b ) S up po rt In te rv en tio ns To w ar ds E ff ec tiv e an d E ffi ci en t D is se m in at io n of In fo rm at io n O n W ea th er P at te rn s an d E ar ly W ar n in g Sy st em s fo r C SA a nd B et te r A gr ib us in es s Pl an ni ng . In iti at iv es S up po rt ed T o Pr ov id e In fo rm at io n O n E ar ly W ar ni ng S ys te m s an d W ea th er P at te rn s 4 Su pp or t in te rv en tio ns p er ye ar L um p su m 30 0, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 5. 1. 1c )P ro m ot e A gr ic ul tu ra l I ns ur an ce T o C us hi on A gr ic ul tu ra l L os s Y ou th A gr ic ul tu ra l E nt er pr is es In su re d 5 A gr i cu ltu ra l E nt er pr is es In su ra nc e Pl an s 50 ,0 00 12 5, 00 0 12 5, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 5. 1. 1d )D es ig n R ap id R es po ns e (D is as te r P re pa re dn es s) S ys te m R ap id R es po ns e Sy st em In Pl ac e L um p su m 25 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 20 0, 00 0 15 0, 00 0 15 0, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 92 5, 00 0 62 5, 00 0 40 0, 00 0 35 0, 00 0 25 0, 00 0 2, 55 0, 00 0 66 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE N SY E A C om po ne nt s, O bj ec ti ve s, S tr at eg ie s A nd A ct iv it ie s O ut pu ts No Of Units U ni t C os t (‘ 00 0) U G X Y ea r 1 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 2 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 3 ( ‘0 00 ) Y ea r 4 (‘ 00 0) Y ea r 5 (‘ 00 0) To ta l F or 5 Y ea rs ( ‘0 00 ) St ra te gy 5 .1 .2 P ro m ot e de ce nt w or k an d en ha nc e oc cu pa ti on al h ea lt h an d sa fe ty a m on g th e yo ut h 5. 1. 2a ) S up po rt R es ea rc h an d Pr o m ot e B es t P ra ct ic es O n W or ki ng C on di tio ns F or Y ou th In A gr ib us i ne ss R es ea rc h Pr od uc ts O n B es t Pr ac tic es In O cc up at io na l H ea lth 6 R es ea rc h R ep or ts 30 1, 00 0 30 0, 00 0 10 0, 46 2 10 0, 00 0 10 0, 00 0 90 1, 46 2 5. 1. 2b ) S up po rt S en si tiz at io n of Y ou th o n O cc up at io na l H ea lth an d Sa fe ty In cl ud in g A sp ec ts to A dd re ss H az ar do us C hi ld L ab ou r A ct iv iti es Y ou th S en si tiz ed In O SH 3 Se ns i tiz at io n W or ks ho ps H el d 10 2, 00 0 10 0, 31 1 10 0, 00 0 35 00 0 35 00 0 37 2, 31 1 5. 1. 2c ) P ro vi si on o f P ro te ct iv e G ea rs a nd L ab ou r S av in g Te ch no lo gi es Y ou th H av e O SH K its 20 0, 00 0 K its 50 0, 00 0 12 5, 00 0 12 5, 00 0 12 5, 00 0 12 5, 00 0 1, 00 0, 00 0 Su b To ta l 90 3, 00 0 52 5, 31 1 32 5, 46 2 26 0, 00 0 26 0, 00 0 2, 27 3, 77 3 T he m at ic A re a 5 To ta l 1, 82 8, 00 0 1, 15 0, 31 1 72 5, 46 2 61 0, 00 0 51 0, 00 0 4, 82 3, 77 3 TO TA L FO R A L L 5 T H E M A T IC A R E A S 14 ,5 97 ,2 21 12 ,0 11 ,4 83 10 ,8 35 ,7 89 7, 65 0, 56 2 3, 94 4, 67 4 49 ,0 39 ,7 29 M O N IT O R IN G A N D E VA L U A T IO N (3 % O f t he T ot al A ct iv ity B ud ge t) 43 7, 91 6 36 0, 34 4 32 5, 07 3 22 9, 51 6 11 8, 34 0 1, 47 1, 19 1 C on tin ge nc y A dj us te d Fo r 7 % In fla tio n 0 84 0, 80 4 75 8, 50 5 53 5, 53 9 27 6, 12 7 2, 41 0, 97 5 A L L G R A N D T O TA L 15 ,0 35 ,1 37 13 ,2 12 ,6 31 11 ,9 19 ,3 68 8, 41 5, 61 8 4, 33 9, 14 1 52 ,9 21 ,8 95 67 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE GLOSSARY Agriculture (also called farming or husbandry): The art and science of growing crops, rearing of livestock, fish, bees, and other productive insects. Agricultural sector: Includes crops, livestock, agro forestry, fishing, aquaculture, sericulture and other related activities. Agribusiness: Denotes the collective farm-to-table business activities that are performed by agricultural input suppliers, producers, agro processors, distributors, traders, exporters, retailers and consumers. Child Labor: Child labour refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially and/or morally dangerous and harmful to children. In addition, Child labour is perceived as work or activities that interfere with children’s school attendance (Child labour policy 2006) A Child: Is a person below the age 18 years. Decent work: Sums up the aspirations of people in their working lives. It involves opportunities for work that is productive and delivers a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration, freedom for people to express their concerns, organize and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and equality of opportunity and treatment for all women and men Farmer: A person who grows crops, or rears livestock fish, bees, silkworms and other productive insects Value chain: A set of linked activities that work to add value to a product; it consists of actors and actions that improve a product while linking commodity producers to processors and markets Youth: Constitutionally, these are persons that are in the 18-30-year age bracket. Strategy: A plan of action or general direction set or designed to achieve an overall aim or desired state in the future Unemployment: A situation where someone of working age is not able to get a job but would like to be in full time employment. It also refers to actively searching for and being unable to find work. Employment: Is work performed for others such as company or organizations or being able to work in one’s own firm for pay of profit. REPUBLIC OF UGANDA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES P.O.BOX 102, ENTEBBE, UGANDA TEL: +256414320004 EMAIL:psmaaif@infocom.co.ug WEBSITE: www.agriculture.go.ug