Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) towards implementation of FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries

ZANZIBAR NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION THE MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES 2023 THE MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT OF ZANZIBAR THE MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES, ZANZIBAR +2550242941195 info@blueeconomysmz.go.tz Maisara Area, ZURA Building Ground Floor, Room No.06 P.O.Box 149 Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) Towards implementation of FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries Zanzibar National Plan of Action | i THE MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT OF ZANZIBAR Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) towards implementation of FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small- Scale Fisheries ii | Zanzibar National Plan of Action | iii APRIL, 2023 Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) Towards implementation of FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small- Scale Fisheries iv | The Zanzibar National Plan of Action was prepared jointly by Mwambao Coastal Community Network and the Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries in Zanzibar. The typesetting, editing and publishing were made possible with the support of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Tanzania Cover photo by Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries in Zanzibar Zanzibar National Plan of Action | v The Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) serves as a guide for implementing the FAO Voluntary guideline for Securing Small-scale Fisheries and Food Security (VGSSF). The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) assigned Mwambao–MCCC to conduct stakeholder awareness-raising on the VGSSF in Zanzibar. Mwambao in collaboration with the Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries through Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development and Depart- ment of Marine Conservation, organized a series of workshops to sensitize stakeholders about FAO-VGSSF in the context of food security and poverty reduction. These workshops were conducted at different stake- holder levels, including fishers from different Marine Conservation Areas (MCAs) in Zanzibar. Participants in these workshops included higher-level ministerial technical staff, fisher representatives, women fish workers, and manual fish processors. To coordinates the development of Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA), The Zanzibar National Task Team (ZNTT) was established. The ZNPoA focuses on five thematic areas outlined in the FAO guidelines, which are sustainable management of resources, social development, employment and decent work, value chains, post-harvest and trade, gender equality and vulnerable groups, disaster risks and climate change. Throughout the process, stakeholders iden- tified several challenges, including lack of effective management capacity among fisher committees (SFC), limited access to capital and alternative liveli- hoods, inadequate awareness of sustainable resources management, poor handling practices for marine prod- ucts, lack of proper and hygienic fish processing, and insufficient value addition infrastructure. All these factors contribute to high post-harvest loss. To ensure comprehensive input, validation workshops were conducted with stakeholders in both Unguja and Pemba, incorporating the recommendations from the initial workshops into the ZNPoA. The actions outlined in the ZNPoA originated from both preliminary aware- ness-raising and validation workshops involving fish- eries stakeholders from both islands of Zanzibar. Additionally, the document includes the monitoring framework and the budget required to effectively implement the plan of action. . Hon. SULEIMAN MASOUD MAKAME Minister, MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES FOREWORD vi | Foreword Zanzibar National Plan of Action | vii I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appre- ciation to all those involved in the preparation of The Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA). This plan will undoubtedly serve as a roadmap for the sustain- able development of small-scale fisheries in Zanzibar. With the support and collaboration of all stakeholders, I am confident that we can achieve our shared vision of a thriving and resilient small-scale fisheries sector in Zanzibar. I am truly grateful for the collective efforts of all those involved in the preparation of The Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA). First and foremost, I would like to thank the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for their invaluable facilitation throughout the entire process. Their expertise and guidance have been instrumental in shaping this plan to address the specific needs and challenges faced by small-scale fisheries in our region. I would also like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Mwambao Coastal Community Network for their dedicated efforts in preparing this document. Their commitment to ensuring that the voices and concerns of small-scale fishers were accurately represented is truly commendable. Without their hard work and dedi- cation, the ZNPoA would not have been possible. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge the support of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Tanzania. Their financial assistance and collabora- tion have been crucial in the typesetting, editing, and publishing of this plan. Their commitment to promoting sustainable development and environmental conserva- tion aligns perfectly with the goals of the ZNPoA. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to the Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries of Zanzibar for their unwavering support throughout the prepara- tion of this plan. Their commitment to the welfare and prosperity of small-scale fishers in Zanzibar has been evident at every stage of this process. Dr. ABOUD SULEIMAN JUMBE Principal Secretary, MINISTRY OF BLUE ECONOMY AND FISHERIES ACKNOWLEDGMENT viii | Acknowledgment Zanzibar National Plan of Action | ix TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V ACKNOWLEDGMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Zanzibar Fisheries Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Linkages between the Small-scale Fisheries guidelines and other sector Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.3 Development of Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 The Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER TWO: ZNPOA GUIDING PRINCIPLES 5 CHAPTER THREE: KEY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES AND PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS FOR ZNPOA 7 3.1 Responsible fisheries and sustainable development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1.1 Sustainable resource management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1.2 Social development, employment and decent work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1.3 Value chains, post-harvest and trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1.4 Gender equality and vulnerable groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1.5 Disaster risks and climate change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Enabling environment and supporting implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2.1 Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2.2 Information, research and communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2.3 Capacity development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 3.2.4 Implementation support and monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CHAPTER FOUR: MONITORING, EVALUATION AND PERFORMANCE REPORTING 13 4.1 ZNPoA monitoring matrix, challenges, actions and verifiable indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.2 Ensuring and enabling environment and supporting implementation of ZNPOA a s a way to implement VGSSF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 x | Table of contents Zanzibar National Plan of Action | xi LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1: Thematic area 1: Sustainable Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Table 4.2: Thematic area 6.2: Social development, employment and decent work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 4.3: Thematic area 6.3: Value chain, Post-harvest and Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 4.4: Thematic area 6.4: Gender equality and vulnerable groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 4.5: Disaster risk and climate change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 4.6: Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Table 4.7: Information, research and communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Table 4.8: Capacity development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Table 4.9: Implementation support and monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Table 4.10: Budget Summary for the Implementation of ZNPOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 xii | List of tables Zanzibar National Plan of Action | xiii ABBREVIATIONS CHABAMCA Changuu-Bawe Marine Conservation Area CMG Collaborative Fisheries Management Group DFD Department of Fisheries Development DFO District Fisheries Officer DPP Department of Public Prosecution DSFA Deep Sea Fishing Authority EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone FAD Fish Aggregating Device FETA Fisheries Education and Training Agency FMP Fisheries Management Plan GDP Gross Domestic Product GMP General Management Plan ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IMS Institute of Marine Science MBEF Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries MBCA Menai Bay Conservation Area MCA Marine Conservation Area MCCC Marine and Coastal Community Conservation Ltd Zanzibar MCS Monitoring, Control and Surveillance MCU Marine Conservation Unit MWAMBAO Mwambao Coastal Community Network Tanzania NGO Non-Governmental Organization PECCA Pemba Channel Conservation Area PSE Priority measures for Strong Enforcement SFCs Shehia Fisheries Committees SMIDA Small and Medium Industrial Development Authority SUZA State University of Zanzibar SWIOFC South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission TUMCA Tumbatu Marine Conservation Area VFC Village Fishers Committee Vision 2050 Zanzibar Development Vision, 2050 ZAFIRI Zanzibar Fisheries Research Institute ZASEFA Zanzibar Seaweed Farmers Association ZMA Zanzibar Maritime Authority xiv | Abbreviations Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 1 1 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 ZANZIBAR FISHERIES SECTOR Fish constitutes the primary source of animal protein in the diet of the individual in Zanzibar, and it is almost the only source of animal protein for lower income groups. According to the revised Fisheries Policy of 2022, the annual per capita fish consumption in Zanzibar is estimated at around 25 kg per year. Artis- anal fishing activities are mainly carried out in shallow coastal waters, extending up to 12 nautical miles from the coastal low-water line, which includes coral reefs, mangrove creeks, seagrass beds and sand banks (van Hoof and Kraan, 2017). The fisheries sector plays an important role in the national economy by increasing household food security, generating income, and creating employment opportunities. The Fisheries sector employs around 75,000 people , with women comprising 17.4% of the workforce women. According to the latest frame survey (2020) there were 50,518 artisanal fishers, operating 7,900 fishing boats of different types. Thirty-nine percent of these boats were motorized. The total fish catch in 2020 amounted to 38,107 tonnes worth TZS 205,350 million equivalent to USD 89 million. The 2018 Household Survey suggests a high dependency ratio in fishing communities, with 36.9% of fishermen having seven dependents per household. It is estimated that the fisheries sector’s entire value chain supports about 20% of Zanzibar’s population (Feidi, 2005), generating a demand of USD 50 million from both the tourism and local trade sources (ZATI, 2010, SWIOFish, 2018). In addition to supply domestic requirements, the fish- eries sector in Zanzibar is also expected to meet the demand for exporting marine products. The Fisheries sector has been facing several challenges such as overfishing and illegal fishing practices which harm marine ecosystems; inadequate fishing gears; limited support from financial institutions; post-harvest loss, poor developed infrastructure within landing sites; poor knowledge on the use of modern fishing technology; lack knowledge on Fisheries Act and Regu- lations; climate change impacts and environmental degradation. Despite the aforementioned challenges, the fisheries sector plays a significant role in the socio-economic development of the fishing community. However, due to current development challenges and the growth of the fisheries sector, additional major efforts are still needed to minimize these challenges. 1.2 LINKAGES BETWEEN THE SMALL- SCALE FISHERIES (SSF) GUIDELINES AND OTHER SECTOR POLICIES The Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries is responsible for sustainably managing fisheries and aquaculture resources in Zanzibar. The governance framework is guided under the Blue Economy Policy 2022, the Fisheries Policy of 2022, the Fisheries Masterplan and other relevant policy and strategic directions. The Zanzibar Blue Economy Policy aims to establish the blue sector development as a growth generator for the next decade particularly in employ- ment generation and poverty reduction. It identifies five key areas of focus — fisheries and aquaculture; maritime trade and infrastructure; offshore renew- able energy and oil and gas development; sustainable tourism and Blue Economy governance. Artisanal fishing is mostly done in shallow coastal waters, within 12 nautical miles of the coastal waters. 2 | Linkages between the small-scale fisheries (ssf) guidelines and other sector policies Furthermore, the Zanzibar Development Vision 2050 regards the Blue Economy as a priority area for the next 30 years, serving as an effective and sustainable means of improving livelihoods and transforming the economy in a sustainable and effective manner. The overall objective of the Zanzibar Fisheries Policy is to promote sustainable economic development,and establish a competitive and efficient fisheries sector that contributes to food security and nutrition, managing environment and improve social well being. It also focuses on the development of management framework to ensure productivity is maintained. Other instruments which apply to the fisheries sector in Zanzibar include: 1. Fisheries Act No 7 of 2010 2. Fisheries Regulations of 1993 3. Marine Conservation Unit (MCU) Regulations of 2014 4. Fisheries Master plan (2023-2038) 5. General Management Plans for Marine Conservation Areas (MCAs) This ZNPoA-SSF links to other sector policies and regu- latory framework including; Forest Policy (1996): The policy places significant importance on promoting the protection and restoration of mangroves that play a crucial role in the well-functioning of the aquatic ecosys- tems that support vital fisheries. The Zanzibar Environmental Policy (2013): The policy prioritizes the maintenance of fundamental ecological processes that underpin produc- tivity and regeneration in both terrestrial and marine environments. It emphasizes the promotion of sustainable and responsible utili- zation of renewable and non-renewable natural resources, including fisheries. The Tourism Policy (2005): The policy stresses on the significance environmental conservation and protection, as well as the rational and efficient use of natural resources. The policy strongly advocates for the development of sustainable tourism practices that align with the principles of environmental management, conservation of marine resources and overall sustainable devel- opment. The Water Policy (2004): The policy acknowledges the need of incorporating environmental consider- ations into the planning and execution of water and sanitation programs, which should be devel- oped in a manner that minimizes harm to the environment. Meanwhile, issues related to the utilization of water resources for fisheries and aquaculture development has not been fully elaborated and there is a need for the Fish- eries Policy to address collaboration on marine resources and water issues. The Zanzibar Gender Policy (2016): The policy places a strong emphasis on promoting gender equity and equality across all sectors. It calls for the integration of gender perspectives, commonly referred as gender mainstreaming, in various areas, including the fisheries sector. Parallel to Zanzibar fisheries policy, this ZNPoA also aligns with and enacts other international instruments including; Sustainable Development goals (SDGs), The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF); Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests. The fisheries Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 3 sector in Zanzibar, on the International level adheres to various protocols and conventions that are rele- vant. This includes the International Law of the Sea, UNCLOS of 1982; FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries of 1995 (CCRF); SADC Fisheries Protocol; Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries and Small-scale Fisheries Guidelines of 2015; Convention on Biodiver- sity (CBD) (1992 – 1993); Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agree- ment) of 1995; the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action of the Fourth World Conference on Women (1995) that provides a mandate to actively and visibly mainstreaming gender perspectives in all policies and programs, including fisheries and aquaculture. 1.3 DEVELOPMENT OF ZANZIBAR NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION (ZNPOA) The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has played a key role in coordinating international efforts to support the development of the VGSSF since the initial first Global Conference on Small-Scale Fisheries which was held in Bangkok in 2008. Extensive consultations at national, regional, and global levels took place between 2010 and 2015 involving over 4,000 stakeholders worldwide. This resulted in the formulation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries (VGSSF) in 2015 aimed on food security and poverty eradication. Several meetings were conducted in different coun- tries to discuss and lay out strategies to implement the (VGSSF) guidelines. The United Republic of Tanzania was among the first countries which actively introduced the FAONPoA Guideline and implemented it effectively in the national and local level. While Tanzania Mainland had already launched and operationalized the (VGSSF), Zanzibar is also adopting the Guidelines to support and protect the archipelago’s small-scale fisheries sector. The development of Zanzibar National Plan of Action (ZNPoA) was undertaken with support and collab- oration from numerous fisheries stakeholders within Marine Conservation Areas of Zanzibar which include NGO, academic institutions, fishers’ groups, women fish workers and many others. It also involved members from Tanzania Mainland, who had started implementation of VGSSF including the preparation and implementation of a ZNPoA. Mwambao–MCCC was tasked by FAO to undertake the implementation of the VGSSF in Zanzibar to include a series of awareness raising workshops on the introduction of the VGSSF. These workshops were conducted with stakeholders including technical staff from different departments, fish workers across the marine conservation areas of Zanzibar including women. The process for development of ZNPoA was initiated through the formulation and launching of Zanzibar National Task Team (ZNTT) that involved eleven members from stakeholder groups such as Depart- ment of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, Department of Marine Conservation, Zanzibar Fisheries and Marine Resources Research Institute, Zanzibar Fisheries Company and NGOs. Preliminary awareness raising events were also used to collate challenges and recommendations that affect small-scale fisheries development in Zanzibar as per VGSSF main themes. Validation workshops were also carried out with stake- holder groups to present and verify information from the draft ZNPoA. 4 | The rationale 1.4 THE RATIONALE The development of the Zanzibar National Plan of Action[ZNPoA] is guided by prevailing challenges that are threatening sustainability in the small-scale fisheries sector in Zanzibar. The Plan aims to tackle these major challenges that are in line with Visionary Goals for Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (VGSSF) these challenges include, inadequate capacity and low conservation awareness of sustainable resource management, lack of marine spatial planning, insuf- ficient systems to promote social development for small-scale fishers, market value chain post-har- vest losses and lack of value addition and marketing controls; presence of gender inequality in the small- scale fisheries sector as well as lack of social systems to coordinate and inform community on disaster management in fisheries as a response to climate change impacts and lack of organized and powerful Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF) groups to participate in decision making as well as lack of a clear protocol for the governance of tenure. Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 5 2 CHAPTER TWO ZNPOA GUIDING PRINCIPLES This ZNPoA will adhere to the guiding principles of the Zanzibar Fisheries Policy of 2022 that are in-line with the VGSSF. These guiding principles of the 2022 Fish- eries Policy, which are also consistent with the national development priorities, include the following: 1. Sustainability: The policy aims to prevent social, economic and environmental impacts, and aspires to strengthen community capacity to manage coastal and marine resources, through the co-management approach. 2. Conservation: The policy aims to develop effective management of marine ecosystems to ensure the integrity of sensitive ecosystems and marine biodiversity 3. Research: The Policy seeks to promote demand-driven scientific research to inform the development and management of the fishery and aquaculture resources. 4. Poverty reduction: Poverty reduction is intricately connected to enhanced fisheries management and, in relation to this, the regulation of fishing capacity. By advocating for pro-poor initiatives in fishing and related activities, progress can be made in reducing poverty. 5. Gender and equity: The equitable fishery sector aims to achieve fair and inclusive participation of men, women and youth. This goal is pursued by implementing transparent and equitable rules and frameworks. 6. Partnership: The management of fisheries and aquaculture initiatives strives to involve stake holders in the decision making process through the establishment of Public-Private Partnership arrangements 7. Co-Management: The current practice of marine conservation emphasizes participatory management involving a wide ray of stakeholders. This approach encourages active involvement from local fishers, Local Government Authorities (LGAs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations (CBOs), public institutions, private sector institutions, development partners, and environment champions. By promoting collaboration and inclusive among these diverse stakeholders, it aims to achieve more effective and sustainable marine conservation efforts. 8. Extension Services: The Policy places particular attention on providing education, awareness- raising, and training programs to private and community-based institutions. The goal is to encourage the formalization of economic sector activities within the fisheries industry. 9. Monitoring, Control and Surveillance in fisheries management: The policy emphasis on implementing effective monitoring control, and surveillance measures in fisheries development and management. Special attention is given to the application of Priority measures for Strong Enforcement (PSE). 10. Transparency and accountability: The policy ensures the mainstreaming of good governance principles, By incorporating these principles into the policy’s implementation, it seeks to promote transparency, accountability, inclusiveness, and efficiency in the governance of fisheries sector. 11. Empowerment: The Policy ensures active participation of fishers including women, youth and other vulnerable groups in the management of fisheries sector 12. Competition: The policy aims to ensure fair competition in the fishery industry so as to maximize social returns for the current and future generation. 13. Corporate social responsibility: The Policy will advocate for corporate social responsibility among potential actors within the fisheries sector. 14. Strong governance and Poverty reduction: The Policy will actively promote good governance throughout its implementation process. 6 | Chapter two znpoa guiding principles Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 7 3 CHAPTER THREE KEY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES AND PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS FOR ZNPOA Throughout the world, small-scale fishers face sev- eral challenges. In Zanzibar, a series of stakeholder’s consultation sessions identified the primary obstacles, categorized according to the VGSSF themes, as follows: 3.1 RESPONSIBLE FISHERIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The challenges identified under part two of the main theme in VGSSF-Responsible fisheries and sustainable development, specifically focusing on Governance of Tenure in small-scale fisheries and resource manage- ment, are as follows. 3.1.1 Sustainable resource management The Fisheries legislation in Zanzibar entrusts local com- munities and other stakeholders with the management of marine resources through representation of Shehias Fisheries Committee (SFC). However, the status of local resource management governance to deliver active co-management needs improvements to provide the expected benefits to small-scale fisheries. The follow- ing are the main challenges identified by stakeholders during the process for ZNPoA development: 1. Lack of effective co-management arrange- ments; 2. Poor governance and management capacity; 3. Inadequate monitoring, surveillance and control (MCS); 4. Lack of sustainable finance systems to support co managements arrangements. The following are the proposed interventions to address the challenges: 1. Implementation of ‘Targeted Education Aware- ness’ programs; 2. Establishment and implementation of Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs) for co- manage- ment clusters/Groups (CMG); 3. Strengthening the capacity of the Shehias Fish- eries Committee (SFC) and Co-management groups (CMG) to effectively operationalize and manage their resources, including management, spatial planning and provision of equipment; 4. Establishment of a Monitoring, Control and Sur- veillance team with knowledge of building and provision of working equipment: 5. Establishment and implementation of co-man- agement sustainable finance systems. 3.1.2 Social development, employment and decent work This is an important aspect that has a direct connec- tion to the small-scale fisheries sector that needs to be given much more attention. The priority challenges under this theme include the following: 1. Insufficient workplace safety policies and guidelines: 2. Lack of entrepreneurship skills and viable opportunities for fishers; 3. Lack of life-saving skills, techniques, equip- ment and well-defined protocols: 4. Lack of fisher information systems for moni- toring and maintaining a comprehensive data base; 8 | Responsible fisheries and sustainable development 5. Lack of concessional loans and credit facilities to assist fishers: 6. Lack of health insurance coverage for fishers. The proposed interventions for the Zanzibar Plan of Action (ZNPoA) includes: 1. Provide training and support entrepreneurship skills to fishers groups; 2. Establish and implement effective systems to link fishers with financial institutions that providing cheap loans to fishermen; 3. Support establishment of community rescue teams; 4. Training of life saving techniques and provision of equipment; 5. Identify, encourage and link fishers with insurance (health) institutions for their social security. 3.1.3 Value chains, post-harvest and trade Currently, under the Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries, the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar is engaged in conducting several studies to identify gaps and implement interventions under this theme. The development process for this plan has identified the following challenges; 1. Inadequate fish processing technology and value addition for marine products value chain; 2. Inadequate domestic markets for marine prod- ucts trade; 3. Lack of proper standards for seaweed and anchovy products; 4. Insufficient seaweed value chain development including processing infrastructure and mar- keting; 5. Lack of clusters to organize and support fish workers to recognize their rights. The proposed Zanzibar Plan of Action (ZNPoA) interven- tions include: 1. Strengthening capacity of fishers (processors groups) to improve the standards of their prod- uct for better value chain including fish handling and processing; 2. Provision of suitable infrastructures such as drying racks, solar tent dryers, cold storage facilities. 3. Provide training on proper fish handling and processing. 4. Establish well developed fish markets to some landing sites and 5. Support establishment of umbrella national small-scale fishers’ union to promote rights for small scale fisheries and marketing. 3.1.4 Gender equality and vulnerable groups Ensuring fair treatment among fishers and fish work- ers in resource management and access is crucial to uphold the rights of all human being and adhere to global and national legal frameworks. Preferential treatment, when necessary, should be employed to achieve equitable outcomes, particularly for vulnerable and marginalized groups. The following are identified challenges that are needed to be addressed during the implementation of this plan of action: 1. Inadequate information on gender participation and status of child’s labour challenges in fisher- ies sector; 2. Limited financial capacity and lack of credit facilities for women fish workers to engage in alternative livelihoods; 3. Uncoordinated gender participation at small scale fisheries at community level. Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 9 The proposed interventions in the ZNPoA are as follows: 1. Conduct an assessment to understand gender impact, including the status of child labor in fisheries sector, identifying gaps and providing recommendations for improvement; 2. Develop a safeguarding mechanism to protect women and children working in fisheries sector; 3. Facilitate the establishment of conservation eco-credit funds specifically designed for women, providing them with access to viable business opportunities and connecting them to fair credit institutions; 4. Conduct a comprehensive mapping of women fish workers, establish and train women fish workers network to strengthen their participa- tion and representation in fisheries activities. 3.1.5 Disaster risks and climate change The new fisheries policy aims to enhance national capacity to coordinate and collaborate on compre- hensive disaster management programs across all inter-sector levels. The following are challenges that has been identified at the level of small-scale fisheries sector. 1. Insufficient information exists regarding the impact of climate change on fishers and fisher- ies. 2. Marine Conservation Areas (MCAs) lack of proper strategy for building resilience and adapting to climate change : 3. There is a lack of disaster management early warning systems to mitigate impacts of climate change; 4. Fishers face the loss of lives and their property, including vessels sinking and fishers drowning, loss of fishing boats, engines and fishing gears during bad weather condition. 5. Inadequate data is available on sea-based disasters and their impact on families within the small-scale fisheries sector. The proposed interventions for ZNPoA under this theme include: 1. Conduct a study to identify climate change impacts in co-management areas within 5 MCAs in Zanzibar. This will facilitate the development of climate resilient and adaptation strategy. 2. Conduct a rapid assessment on disasters at sea and its impact at family level; 3. Facilitate the establishment and implementa- tion of a disaster management strategy, includ- ing early warning systems and disaster funds to support fishers; 4. Facilitate the establishment of a task force to assist implementation of disaster management strategy. 10 | Enabling environment and supporting implementation 3.2 ENABLING ENVIRONMENT AND SUPPORTING IMPLEMENTATION The Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries along with its Departments of Fisheries and Aquaculture Develop- ment (DoFD) and Department of Marine Conservation (DMC), in collaboration with its national stakeholders, can play a good position in creating a conducive envi- ronment to support the implementation of national and international guidelines such as VGSSF by creat- ing a supportive environment under various capacities including the following: 3.2.1 Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration The development process for the ZNPoA has identified some challenges that must be addressed to effectively support the implementation of the VGSSF. Establishing coherence of the fisheries policy and legislative frame- work with other internal sectors policies and legislative framework including those related to economic devel- opment policies; energy, education, health and rural development policies; environmental protection; food security and nutrition policies; labor and employment policies; trade policies; disaster risk management (DRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA) policies. The plan proposes the following: i). Through ZAFIRI and in collaboration with other stakeholders, carry out a gap analysis study to identify areas of incoherence within related sectoral policies. This study will focus on policies related to water & energy, education, health and community develop- ment forest and non-renewable resources, environmental protection; food security and nutrition policies; labor and employment pol- icies; trade policies and environmental and climate change adaptation (CCA) policies; ii). Promote collaboration with small-scale fisheries stakeholders, including their pro- fessional associations academics, NGOs, fisheries cooperatives, investors and CSOs; iii). Facilitate the formation of strong bonds with local government and relevant stakeholders to successfully implement strategic co-man- agement initiatives; iv). Enhance networking and collaborative platforms to facilitate the exchange of experiences and information among stake- holders. This includes creating platforms for stakeholders to engage in policy and deci- sion-making processes relevant to small- scale fishing communities. By promoting information sharing and collaboration, stake- holders can contribute their knowledge and perspectives to shape policies and decisions that affect their communities. 3.2.2 Information, research and communication The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar has taken a significant step by establishing its own research insti- tution (ZAFIRI) which is dedicated to addressing various aspects of fisheries, aquaculture and marine resources research. ZAFIRI’s scope includes bio-ecological, social, cultural and economic research related to the marine domain. There is also “Data information and management” unit within the Department of Fisheries that is working to make sure all information is stored in safe directory and used by relevant stakeholders for decision making and whenever needed. The ZNPoA aims to enhance collaboration among stakeholders in the fisheries sector during its imple- mentation. The objective is to ensure the collection and submission of all data sets related to each theme of the ZNPoA to ZAFIRI. These data sets will be analyzed ,and the results will be effectively communicated back to the stakeholders, this will enable them to influence all sets of data under each theme of ZNPoA. This will help to increase transparency and participation to add value to the institution. This ZNPoA is proposing the fol- lowing: i). Carry out research to assess the current data management systems within the department of fisheries and how these data are commu- nicated by small scale fisheries stakeholders for decision making; ii). Enhance the existing data management practices by promoting the creation of data management and communication systems that aid stakeholders in small-scale fisher- ies, such as fishers and fish workers. Zanzibar National Plan of Action | 11 3.2.3 Capacity development This section highlights the importance of strengthen- ing the capacity of small-scale fishing communities to enable their active participation in decision-making processes. The Ministry of Blue economy and Fisher- ies, under the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, is currently reviewing its co-management framework in all Marine Conservation Areas. This framework aims to ensure stakeholders at every level are involved in deci- sion making process, contributing to the overall devel- opment of the small-scale fisheries sector. Simultaneously, the government has initiated the pro- vision of equipment and materials to support fishers in engaging in deep-sea fishing. This strategic measure is specifically designed to reduce fishing pressure in intertidal waters and allow rehabilitation of the ecosys- tems. NGOs and the private sector have been involved in conducting capacity building training for Shehia Fishers Committees to enhance their institutional gov- ernance and resource management. However, this effort alone has not been enough to bring about sig- nificant changes due to various challenges that must be addressed through the implementation of ZNPoA. These challenges include: i). Limited knowledge and innovation regarding value addition and entrepreneurship within small scale-fisheries sector. ii). Inadequate access to sustained access to capital, financing and markets. iii). Absence of proper platform to advocate for opportunities for women fishers in small scale fisheries. iv). Low capacity of Fishers Committee (SFC), Collaborative Management Groups (CMG) and other community groups. To address these issues, the ZNPoA proposes the follow- ing support: i). Continuously strengthening the capacity of Shehia Fishers Committee (SFC), Collabo- rative Management Groups (CMG) and other community organizations to instill a sense of ownership and effective management of their local resources. ii). Establishing several platforms, such as fishers cooperatives, women fish worker network, and a women gender desk within the Ministry of Blue Economy and Fisheries and its departments. iii). At the same time, the ZNPoA proposes spe- cific awareness campaigns and capacity building initiatives for communities in the fisheries sector, with focus on value addition and livelihood development. 12 | Enabling environment and supporting implementation 3.2.4 Implementation support and monitoring This section emphasizes the importance to ensure the effective implementation of the ZNPoA and ensure it complies with the national policy instruments. The Min- istry of Blue Economy and Fisheries will receive sup- port to address the following aspects: i). Lack of monitoring system to oversee the implementation of the ZNPoA and VGSSF as whole. ii). Insufficient resources for the implementa- tion of the ZNPoA and VGSSF. To address these challenges and ensure successful implementation and monitoring of this plan, the following measures are proposed: i). Support establishment of monitoring system to oversee the implementation of VGSSF, ensuring alignment with the national policy and legislative instruments. ii). Supporting fisheries stakeholders, includ- ing NGOs and civil society, in their effort to implement the ZNPoA and VGSSF iii). Create a platform that uses available resources to effectively implement the ZNPoA and VGSSF. iv). Seek financial support from development partners to support the implementation and closely monitor the progress of the ZNPoA with active involvement of all stakeholders. v). Continue to provide leadership and support to other institutions in the implementation of their project activities that align with the themes of the ZNPoA and are in accordance with national policy instruments. ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 13 4 CHAPTER FOUR MONITORING, EVALUATION AND PERFORMANCE REPORTING The sustainability of this ZNPOA is of utmost impor- tance and crucial for the development of Zanzibar’s small- scale fishers and fish workers. The implementa- tion of this ZNPoA will be a carried out in collaborative effort involving various stakeholders, such as fisheries sectors including Department of Fisheries and Aqua- culture Development (DoFD), Department of Marine Conservation (DMC), ZAFIRI, ZAFICO, and development partners including NGO’ and other partners. Funds will be solicited through various donors and in-kind sup- port expected to come from the government and other stakeholders. The following are expected partners and collaborators to make sure this ZNPoA is implemented effectively: 1. Development partners including FAO, NGOs 2. Government -responsible departments 3. NGOs. 4. Research institutions 5. Private investors/Hoteliers 6. Good Samaritans (Wasamaria wema) This ZNPoA was prepared make sure it is in-line with various National and international treaties and pro- cedures, including Sustainable development goal SDG- Indicator 14.b.1 Securing sustainable small- scale fisheries, the Zanzibar Blue Economy Policy, Zanzibar Fisheries Policy, General Management Plans and Fish- eries Management Plans for priority fisheries. The establishment of ZNTT will be a major agent to coordinate the implementation of the guidelines in collaboration with all fisheries stakeholders. The pro- posed establishment of a women’s desk at the Depart- ment of Fisheries and the women fish workers union will make sure participation and access to fisheries by various stakeholders in the future. Furthermore, this plan also comprises of the Monitoring and Evaluation matrix that will act as tracker for its implementation. And finally, this plan will comprise of 5 thematic areas that will allow other agencies, including government, to fully participate in its implementation by streamlining in their projects interventions. 14 | Znpoa monitoring matrix, challenges, actions and verifiable indicators 4.1 ZNPOA MONITORING MATRIX, CHALLENGES, ACTIONS AND VERIFIABLE INDICATORS Table 4.1: Thematic area 1: Sustainable Resource Management Output 1 . Sufficient knowledge and capacity of Shehia level leading institutions enhanced to engage effectively in collaborative and sustainable marine resource management . Challenge Action Objectively verifiable indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Low-level on conservation awareness knowledge and capacities on sustainable resources management to small- scale fishers and fish workers of Zanzibar. Design, establish and implement targeted education and awareness program for sustainable resources management. KAP study conducted to inform an education and awareness program. Education and Awareness program established KAP survey report Awareness and education program document progress report education and awareness material disseminated Community willingness to participate in the survey ii) Lack of effective procedures for co-management arrangements Support establishment and implementation of SOP for co- management clusters/Groups (CMG) Standard Operation Procedures (SOP) for CMG in place, number of trainings, number of members (M/F) trained. SOP establishment report Support from the department of Marine Conservation iii) Weak governance and management capacity including inadequate monitoring, surveillance and control (MCS) Strengthening capacity of SFC and collaborative management groups (CMG) on governance and management of their resources including management, planning, knowledge building and provision of surveillance equipment. No of capacity building sessions, number of members (M/F) trained on collaborative management groups, MCS protocol developed, patrol equipment procured, management plan prepared. Progress report, CMG management planning report, Patrol report, list of surveillance equipment procured. Policy and legislative framework changes of co- management framework to effect the intervention. iv) Lack of sustainable finance systems to support co management arrangements. Establish and implement co-management sustainable finance systems Sustainable finance system for co- management in place. Co-management sustainable finance progress report. Community willingness to participate. ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 15 Table 4.2: Thematic area 2: Social development, employment and decent work Output 2: Working environment is promoted to support men and women fishers and fish workers Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Lack of entrepreneurship skills viable opportunities and concessional loans assisting fishers to diversify their fishing activities. Train and support entrepreneurship skills to fishers groups and link fisher groups with financial institutions providing soft loans to fishermen. No of training sessions, no of supported conservation Eco- credit activity, no of supported fish workers (M/F) by financial institutions (10 fishers group @ 30ppt) Progress report, eco credit activity established, list of community members supported by financial institutions Willingness of fishers groups to participate in the programs. ii) Lack of life saving skills/techniques equipment’s and community lead institution for fishers lifesaving. Support establishment of community rescue teams, training of life saving techniques and provision of equipments. No. of training, no. of participants attended life saving techniques training, equipment procured Progress report, list of equipment procured Willingness of fishers groups to participate in the programs iii) Lack of effective procedures and guidelines to manage occupational safety health insurance schemes for fishers Support establishment of effective procedures and guidelines to manage occupational safety and link fishers with healthy insurance institutions for their social security. Procedures established, No of fish workers (M/F) benefited with health insurance scheme, No of institution to support fishers insurance scheme Progress report, list of fishers benefited in insurance scheme, Acceptance of fishers to join health insurance scheme Table 4.3: Thematic area 3: Value chain, Post-harvest and Trade Output 3: Improved value chain development for post-harvest and trade Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Inadequate technology, processing and value addition for marine products. Strengthen capacity of fishers (processors groups) to improve standards of their product for better value chain including fish handling and processing. No of training session provided to the groups, infrastructure established, materials procured and handled over to the group, No. of community members engaged, Progress report, list of equipment procured, eco credit activity established, list of community members supported by financial institutions. Willingness of fishers groups to participate in the programs ii) Poor local level landing site infrastructure arrangements to provide service for type of fishers. Promote local fish markets, landing sites to facilitate suitable arrangement and provide quality services to fishers and fish workers. No of beneficiary (M/F) accessing services per landing sites. No. of landing site promoted List of beneficiary per landing site. List of landing sites promoted Willingness of fishers groups to participate in the programs 16 | Znpoa monitoring matrix, challenges, actions and verifiable indicators Output 3: Improved value chain development for post-harvest and trade Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions iii) Lack of organized clusters for fish workers/farmers to raise their voice on impactful fisheries matters. Facilitate establishment of umbrella national small scale fishers union to promote rights for small scale fisheries and marketing. Umbrella National small scale fishers union established. Progress report Willingness of fishers groups to participate in the programs Table 4.4: Thematic area 4: Gender equality and vulnerable groups Output 4: Achieve gender equity and empower women fish workers to equitably access the benefits from fisheries Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Inadequate information on gender participation and status of child labour in fisheries sector and lack of safeguard mechanisms. Conduct assessment on gender impact including status of child labour in fisheries sector that will results in the development of safeguard mechanisms for women and children working in fisheries sector. Existence of gender impact assessment report, No. of community and groups consulted, feedback workshop, Safeguard mechanisms in place. Progress report; assessment/feedback workshop report. Department of fisheries actively implementing review of policy with inclusion of gender equity; willingness of women fish workers to organize themselves to fully participate in addressing gender issues in fisheries. Conduct mapping of women fish workers, establish and train women fish workers network to strengthen their participation in fisheries ii) Lack of financial capacity and credit facilities for women fish workers to engage in alternatives livelihoods Facilitate establishment of conservation Eco- credit funds for women including viable business and connect them to fair credit institutions Eco credit funds disbursed; No. of women groups benefited. Progress Report; Eco compliance protocol; women Eco credit status report ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 17 Output 4: Achieve gender equity and empower women fish workers to equitably access the benefits from fisheries Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions iii) Lack of good governance systems and organized women fish workers in dealing with fisheries matters Facilitate establishment of gender desk at the department of Fisheries and conduct training and gender mainstreaming action plan, facilitate establishment of women fish-workers network. No of workshops conducted; no. of participants; gender desk established, action plan of gender mainstreaming developed; No. of women fish workers consulted, Women network in place, women network leaders trained Progress Report, workshop reports, Gender desk at department of fisheries, Assessment Report, training report; progress report, women network leadership Department of fisheries actively implementing review of policy with inclusion of gender equity; willingness of women fish workers to organize themselves to fully participate in addressing gender issues in fisheries. Table 4.5: Thematic area 5: Disaster risk and climate change Output 5: Reduced disaster risks on climate change impact through community led interventions Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) In-adequate data on climate change impact on small- scale fisheries of Zanzibar and Lack of climate change resilient and adaptation strategy within MCA. Carryout study to identify climate change impacts in co management areas within 5 MCAs of Zanzibar and facilitate development of climate resilient and adaptation strategy. Assessment report at MCA level in place, Climate change impact Assessment at MCA report Fish-workers readiness to adopt to climate change resilience strategy Climate resilient strategy in place ii) Insufficient information on disaster at sea and its impact at family level within small-scale fisheries sector Carryout rapid assessment on disaster at sea and its impact at family level. Rapid assessment report in place, number of consultations. Rapid assessment Report iii) Lack of disaster management; early warning systems to mitigate loss of fishers lives and their properties (fishing Vessels drowning and loss of lives and fishing gears) Facilitate establishment and implementation of disaster management strategy; early warning systems and disaster funds to support fishers. Existence of strategy and early warning mechanism; Progress Report, evidence of disaster funds disbursement, early warning mechanism. 18 | Ensuring and enabling environment and supporting implementation of znpoa as a way to implement vgssf Output 5: Reduced disaster risks on climate change impact through community led interventions Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions Fish Disaster management funds disbursed iv) Lack of collaborative task force to address disaster management issues at the community levels. Facilitate establishment of task force to assist implementation of disaster management strategy. Task force in place Progress report, meeting minutes, action plan Action plan developed, number of consultation to establish task force. 4.2 ENSURING AND ENABLING ENVIRONMENT AND SUPPORTING IMPLEMENTATION OF ZNPOA AS A WAY TO IMPLEMENT VGSSF Table 4.6: Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration Output 1: Promote enabling environment for the implementation of ZNPoA to enforce National fisheries policy instruments Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Assumptions i) Incoherent Fisheries policies and legislative framework with other internal sectors policies and legislative framework. Conduct gap analysis assessment to identify gaps of coherence within related policies including; water &energy, education, health and community development forestry and non- renewable resources, environmental protection; food security and nutrition policies; labour and employment policies; trade policies and environmental and climate change adaptation (CCA) policies. Report on gap analysis assessment to identify gaps of coherence policy and legislative frame work. Progress report Stakeholders engagement ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 19 Output 1: Promote enabling environment for the implementation of ZNPoA to enforce National fisheries policy instruments Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Assumptions ii) In-sufficient stakeholder’s collaboration to facilitate their involvement in policy and decision making processes relevant to small-scale fishing communities. Strengthen stakeholder’s collaboration to facilitate their involvement in policy- and decision making processes relevant to small-scale fishing communities. No of consultations and agreement, minutes from consultation Progress report Stakeholders engagement Table 4.7: Information, research and communication Output 2: Enhanced information, research and communication and feedback system Challenge Action Objectively verifiable- indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Lack of appropriate information management Carry out assessment on existence of reliable information on small scale fisheries sector including illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Disaster, climate change, livelihoods and food security and how this should be communicated by small scale fisheries stakeholders for decision making to recommend improvement. Consultancy report on assessment of data management and communication system in place Progress report Department of Fisheries (DMC&DFDMP) are willing to lead and support ii) Lack of data management and communication systems Establish specific data management and communication systems to support small scale fisheries stakeholders including fishers and fish workers. Data management and communication system in place. Progress report 20 | Ensuring and enabling environment and supporting implementation of znpoa as a way to implement vgssf Table 4.8: Capacity development Output 3: Knowledge and capacity of small-scale fishing communities are enhanced to enable them to adopt in current co management framework decision-making processes and value chain development Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks & assumptions i) Low capacity of Fishers Committee (SFC), Collaborative Management Groups (CMG) other community groups Support engagement of fisheries stakeholders (NGOs, public sectors, CSOs) to strengthen capacity of Shehia Fishers Committee (SFC), Collaborative Management Groups (CMG) other community groups and building sense of ownership and for the positive decision making. No. of NGOs and private sectors engaging community; no. of trained SFC. CMG another fishers groups. Training reports, progress reports Community are actively participate in the capacity building sessions and actively supported formulation of platforms. ii) Lack of proper platform to advocate for women fishers rights in small scale fisheries Support formation of national platforms including women fish worker network, Fishers union and the women gender desk at the department of Fisheries. National platforms including women fish worker network in place. Progress report (quarterly and semi- annual) DMCA & DFDMP supported formulation of gender desk at the department level iii) Insufficient knowledge on value addition and fisher enterprises to women groups and other fisher folks within small scale fisheries sector Work collaboratively with stakeholders in capacity building on value addition and fisheries enterprises to women and other fishers and fish workers within small scale fisheries sector. No of capacity building program carried out by each stakeholders, No. of fishers group facilitated Progress report (quarterly and bi annual) ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 21 Table 4.9: Implementation support and monitoring Output 4: Tributary environment for the implementation of ZNPoA are secured Challenges Action Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of verification Important risks and assumptions i) Lack of monitoring system to oversee the implementation of the ZNPoA and VGSSF as whole Support establishment of monitoring system to oversee the implantation of VGSSF in accordance with the national policy and legislative instruments Monitoring system to oversee the implantation of VGSSF in place. Monitoring system progress report Department of fisheries (DMCA & DFDMP) in collaboration with fisheries NGOs will participate fully to provide their supportii) Insufficient resources to effect implementation of the ZNPoA and VGSSF Lead and support fisheries stakeholders including NGOs and civil Society’s to create the platform that will use available resources to effect implementation of ZNPoA and VGSSF. NGOs and civil society platform support implementation of ZNPoA and VGSSF established. Financial report Solicit funds from Development partners to support implementation of ZNPoA Funds from development partners in place according to donor/Development partners 22 | Ensuring and enabling environment and supporting implementation of znpoa as a way to implement vgssf Table 4.10: Budget Summary for the Implementation of ZNPOA Thematic area Output Total Cost (Tsh) Total cost in USD (1$ =TSH 2300) 4.1 Responsible fisheries and sustainable development 4.1.1 Sustainable resource management Sufficient knowledge and capacity of Shehia level leading institution enhanced to engage effectively in collaborative and sustainable marine resource management. 149,380,000 64,948 4.1.2 Social development, employment and decent work Working environment are promoted to support men and women fishers and fish workers 166,895,000 72,563 4.1.3: Value chain, post- harvest and trade Improved Value chain development for post- harvest and trade established 74,835,000 32,537 .4.1.4 Gender equality and vulnerable groups Gender equity strengthened whereas women fish workers empowered to equitable access the benefits from fisheries 115,740,000 50,322 4.1.5: Disaster risk and climate change Reduced Disaster and risks on climate change impact through community led interventions 105,500,000 45,870 Subtotal 612,350,000 266,239 4.2 Ensuring an enabling environment and supporting implementation of ZNPOA 4.2.1 Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration Output 1:Promote enabling environment for the implementation of ZNPoA to enforce national fisheries and fisheries policy instruments 30000000 13043 4.2.2: Information, research and communication Output .2:Enhanced Information, research and communication and feedback system 18830000 8187 4.2.3 Capacity development Output 3: Knowledge and capacity of small-scale fishing communities are enhanced to enable them to adopt in current co management framework decision-making processes and value chain development 49000000 21304 4.2.4 Implementation support and monitoring Output 4: Tributary environment for the implementation of ZNPOA are secured 30000000 13043 Subtotal 127,830,000 55,578 Grand total 740,180,000 321,817 ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 23 REFERENCES 1. FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication 2. Zanzibar Blue economy policy-Ministry of Blue Economy (2022) 3. National Plan of Action (NPoA) –Tanzania Mainland Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (2020) 4. Zanzibar fisheries management plans for octopus Fisheries department of Zanzibar -2019(4) Draft GMPs for 4 MPAs- Draft 2020 5. Draft Standard Operating Procedures for co management in Zanzibar-draft 2020 6. Millennium goals 7. Draft Marine Conservation Areas regulation of Zanzibar (2020) 8. Co management guidelines Tanzania Mainland (2019) 9. Zanzibar Fisheries Policy (2022) 24 | References ZANZIBAR FISHERIES MASTER PLAN 2023-2038 | 25 26 | References