Purification of industrial water and effluent Regulation

N.... llll(,\!. 11l~"1.1~1 IS: ,\( I 25/1'>10711) n,I-:!: l~l S~1i. 1M!'!. 1-7 1111. I'URIl leA litH'! 01 I\ND LrI'L{JE:.NT I NDlJSTltli\l \\'A r I.H REGUl.ATIONS \llllJcr sccuon 22 of llle Ao.:l) V</I.' "l,moll/,'lIn'III,·///: l/Jl .-flll'if, 1')67. til"li"I/. I. lhl:~ rcguhnion-, may be cued <J~ the l'ur;li..:aIIOI1 of 11Idu",lri..1 W'll.;r <JIlJ I.:rHIICl11 Mrlllll<Jli"II', I~)(,i'. f~fili""li"" ,'j in,{'nr>'i"J "'''loT (mil djllll'liis 2, ,\ po.:r~{'1l 1l~llIg w.ncr ror illJlIsrrial purposes ~h;dl Jluril\ ~lIdl wutcr or ctllucut, ,,"U,)C ",' l"il;Ilc.~ nrcrduccd hy fir rC~lIllj'll.! fum1 the usc or 1V<Jlcr .'0 ;IS to confmm 10 1/1<' ICl/uill.'II,":IlIS set 0111 in Ill..: Hr"'l So.:IH:Juk as l!o.;lI:nniHcJ by 111': IlIl:rlltlJ~ uf 1<::iI;llg :icl nut III Illc SCI'orllJ SI.I.<;dtlk. F11{ST SClltDlJL[ (,'/(I[lf. Odo/lr 01" liUII'. I. wurcr used (", iuJusleial purposes, whether or 110l it coutuins wash: \II' lJilings pIUJII,"'J Ly ur rC:illlllllg frtllll such lise, (hcleinanef rLfcn't.'d tu ~1S "IV<J~I( w<Jkr urctllucnt") 1.l...11I.11\,I,\ill "" ,Ulhl;\II<:.: ill l:UI\l:o.:l\lrali\,n~ cunublc of 11n,Ju<:il\~ ,,;,,(,'\\1'. udour 1.\< I".'''\<' ,H. 1 I he pl I u( III:: wustc water (II' ctllucnt shull be between 5.5 :II\U 9.5. [)i",,/i,,{ ()xn:CII. I. I'll..: \\a",1c wal";l 01' diluent 'Shall cuotaiu Jl",~,--,lq.:d U"'Y~CII 1\1 Illc ':~lI:"ll.\( ,H l..:;l,,>~ 15 per ccnr sauuarton. T..,II/',·r'I/III'!!. 4. Tile ll':IlI[1'l:J';IlUIC ,II" ",e WllSIC water UI CJnUClll sJ,allIJUI e~l:eCU )J~(' (I"·,,,i, ,II ()\),!:"II 0,'1/1,/1/(1. j, The o,;IICllli,;:d (J~r6<;l1 J":llwrH,! Il( the waste wntcr or ,;111('0.:111 "'h.1I1 ucu t:.~o,;c,;J 75 .lllilli~1 .uus lie, IiIrc. afk'- ailP!rillJ.: Ibe 0.:1 rl.n-idc cnrrccr iuu. (JxH,,'/1 ,11'3/I,-b.'d. ,. "lhc OXj~CIl absorhed by the waste wurcr (II diluent 1""0111 NjllO porassium per In;In~;lII;llc ill Iuur hour", til 27 'C Sb<.ll1l1UI t::xc:ceJ III mill\gc.lllh rlCr \1\1'0.:. TUful rli.,-,"o/t,·" Jv!itf\'. 7. la) The total ui~sohcll Slltilh cement of the waste wutcr or cfllucnt slliJll IlUI Imvc been ;tll:l';;I:>l.:J by IlWJ'e 11.<.1" 500 milligrams per litre above Ih<J1 of the inli.ll.;c wurcr. 1/,) It" tI, ... ;,,\,,1. ... \\,,1 ..., i~ ""I 1""\.>\;"; w"t.;.,·, J\,ch wu~\o;. ...... t<\"'< '" ...{\\",,;n\ "1,,,\\ IIU' mlll;ti" hll,11 Ji~>"h,;d s"H,:", (I' an ~~ICIl[ which, 11S a r 'sult oflhe dl,pl>s:l1 Uflhc waste water DlclIlH":III, I,ill i"o.:rc:h": jh..: InIal d;,~olvcJ suli,1s comcni "f :1l1)' public or privalc ....mer, ~luJil1g Ull.krj!ro,u'ld \\;,1":1. Ijl.~ul:h a Jcgl'CI.' Ih<J1 ~1H:ll \\,Iler is 1<:11JelctllcSs iiI f,,( the puq)ol-<:s for wl,i..:h it is "nlllt'l,il y used by urllo.:r 1~""'''I1~ clllilkJ to the II~": 1I1.:rellf. ur ftll' the pr"II<JI:;I11IJ1l ,If Ihll 0' (1I1,cr uquauc Ii!'..:, or for 11,:':1'<;;11"''';/) cr ofher kgilillJalc PHlP"';":",. 1',1 -dl p.ua. H·l j 1>. The waste wnlc r "I' dllu<:lll .,II,tll ":lllll'llll '1<'1 Ill"''': I!I:"I ~5 1"lllt lCl',"lh Il~' line tlf .)l!.:>IWlllkd soJiJ), 'J. (III The l,oj.1I soduun ":lllll<:111 ,"f lb.: \"I,k \<,Ikf "I' <.-,nlll,·Ul "b,dl lh'l 11,1\'; k~1\ jll":I"~:t,cd hy !lll'h.: thall 50 IIlillis ,-a IH, PCI' 11110.; "b,\\o.; tll.11 "I' 11.0.; I"",ko.: ""kl' till II Iho.; inl,d,\.l watur h IlIll pllllli..: \\ .. 1":1, ~lh.'IL \\'hll.; \\,11.;1 III ,,;lllll";loI ~IL,tlll\lll CVUlulil )Ll"liHlIl" all <:\1":111 ,,1'1<.-'1 1• iI.\ ,11.;\,:11,,111,0.; dl'IH""l ,.1 III": \\,,\10.; \\'11":1' 'll'..:III\I~IlI, ",ill in..:/(~,:J~<.-:' III>: )"diJ,ulI o,:llllh.:n( "f a'lf pull/i\.' <II p. i' "jC 11;11CI", illdl'.!r'l:: "11,kl"!>l'''UUl(,l;Sccr, ll' slu;1I a degree IILal ~llo,;h 1I':lkf i\ ro,;l\ll..:l'cd I..:" IiI 1',"' thc pUljl,,,.; 1'''1' ,,11I,h il is ,"diu",il)' lI,..:<J U)' urhcr lh,:r,,)r\s Clllilkd I" II'....: usc 111ClCl'I', ,II' 1"'1' lit.: 1\"'\\'1[.:,'11"" "I' Ibh ",- "Ih~r .ull/;II;,·lif...:. Ill' Ior rcrrc.niuna! Ill' olho.:r kl'.~lilll"lc IlIlIP"'<';" .';""/1, (Iii 0'- g""",I", Ill. The \\,,~I"': 1I'<I1a \\1' ctllucru ,hall cout.uu Ih'l ll"lf': Iklll 5 1IIilli~lall" per lillt u] ~,'~l)l, oil or gr~;I~"':. (JIll"" fll/lS/ illl,'lll.l. R~siJual dll'lfille t~s ( I) I'r,,<; ,,,,,I S"li"" AIl,,,,,,,,i .. (;" NI Arsenic (as A~) lhuun lOIS JI) 1l.:.\;"akl1t ~'llnJl\)iulh la~ ( n 'rorut chrornium (as Cr} t tipper las l u) J'ln.:-uoJio,; CPlliP"Ulltb I;J.~ 1'1,.;",,1) Lend (a~ l'b; Cyalliul:s la~ eNJ Slllnhiu...:s (as Sl Fluor/II" t;J) F) Zinc {as Zut ~I~"'NI' ~"III.IJlll,l, 1'-.\lTIIOJ)S OF TI:::)TINU I. Ihlll'~IlNAllUN III l'll. 1.1. ,-~}JplJnJ{'U'. l.J I. SJullJ,HJ J;1;ISS cl~";lluJ..:. 1. I .L Satllral~<lcalljllld I.:IcClluJ..::, 1.1.3. I'll "1,,..1"""""1"" will> '"'"'I'''''''''''I: """'1'''''"'''''''. 2 ,I/"Iillllllll nmn'll/rlllilJn ill lIlifligl'<lJm JIl''- 1;1(( 0.5 10.0 U.S 1.0 Il.03 U.S 1.0 u.1 l.ll u. S I.U /.0 5.0 ~,\H.I\.\1 L:l~"'l<n~: ,\CL ::!5il')l,'J\IJ ',,,I ,,'h 1''''''' I 1:,ug"'I!I . .2.1. l)i~lillcd \,;,kr fllr w,,:>ljilll; cfccuouc, . .2.2. SI;,,,.Ia.-.J \>,,11:" .. ~ .. "uj""G "fpll 'l,u, pI 17.11 "",lplll) n 'J 11":.\0-' ;Uo- uvu.rlly ObL.lillL'd Wilh LhO-' jO~llllJlIO-'OI. lhc IIH.:lIl\,J III' lljlCr;llillll uf the ctccuomcrct IS "h\;Jj') 1;1\'l.:O ill Cull III Il,l.: ,1i'C,',i"I'S v.un urc ''I'I,alalU\. J. ('"I1"",i"" ,'f S""""", 1.1. SWIII'/" b,lfll,'J. ~ N;J!I,,)w lHl)qllr:bla:>~ :>IOppCl''':u b"LI lcs wilh ":;'II",-il y 01 ::!50 10 )00 ml :>h,,"IJ be used . .1 2 JJ. .';UIIl/lllIlg. .- III gL:l1cri,ll. II,,: S;llllpliog anallgclllcllh slluulJ be such '-IS 1<1 CllStll'o.: u IIncc-Cold Jisplaccmenl of the liquid ill the si,lmpJillg bunk \\jlh"u! curraiu IIIClll "I' ail' bubbles. Tbc lClllpelalUl'C "I II,e sumptcd water shoulu be tcc.u'd cJ tuthc H":;Ul.:sl degree Ccutigrndc. or more precisely 'IS desired. SI,lI',,);\· "f S"lIlf1h'S. - when spcciut uis,>ohcu oxygell S:Il11pleS caHIll.l bc ;]ll:llys,'u iunncdiatcly the sauuircs nUL)' be prcsl:f\l:d for a ?+huUf period, it r"II,,,',.-~; AJd U.7 ull uf ,,;ullCCllll;Jh.:u sulpl.uric acid ;lUU I nu uf J 1 per I.:CU! ~;,dilJIll aiiJc soluuou. Stopper L1uJ store L1111l.: rccu-crururc uf collcctjou, Ill' \I:lll.:f-~,,;;d ill a 20'C incubator. unul i1l1illysb cun LJ~ mudc Thcu cum iuuc 1\il I, I Ill': <lIlLlI)'1 ical procedure USill(: 2 mJ of Ill;! nganuus slIlpJI;Il': sululioll aml ~ 1111 uf ulkulinc-iodidc S"llliioll ,lOU J Illl ('I' cunccnrnucd ~Illpllllri,,; ",,:,.1 for the final .,..:idifkalillil. ~.2. il"".•',·,u.\'. " I 2.2,2 :1.2.3. }.2.~. 2.2.5, .11"".",,,,,,,,,-\ S,,!J'!WIi< Suf"liul/. - 1)j,;\oJn: ~IiO I-: 1l1:Jllg:lJllltlS sulpha I..: (I-IlISU,, UJ,Uj "r r.mo g ".-IoSO,,2I1,O or J(,~ I: ~IIlS{J"IJ"()) ill ulsLilkd 1\;IIC!" allJ diJute III I litrc. If doubt Clli~IS .. buill tI,C W;J1.:r uf (;l)'sltlllisOlli"ll 1l1a!;c a s'llllli"l, v, iIJI S,(j. uf 1.}70 al 2U"C. .,lI/,lJfi",·-io,lid,'/S(Jdilllll A:id... S"IUliul/ . . - ()issuh.: SuO;;uf sodium Ityum.",,,k' (Na(/lll "I' !lJ(J u ,I( potussuuu II)'Ur,lxid.: (KOJ I) ;j1lL1 IJJ I:: or '>OUiUlll j"IUd..: (N;d) or J5U g or potassium Iodide (KI) III dislill..:d 1\,;.>1..:1' und uilulc lu J liuc. I)iss"l\e 10 g sodium azide (NiIN.) in -10 JIll "I" dislillcd water, und ;lJJ Il'l, snhuiou wilh cUflSlanl stirring!o 950 till 01' Ihc all.alillc-j"Jilk sohlli"ll . .\'"II",,,,,'i... I<-i,/, ,·,,"'·..."r'·"I,·,l S",liwlI "IIdo.lu/plum· . ...- Stock SllJuliun. O.15N. f)ls~"ke (,1.0.1 g SUJiUlll Ihivslllpilaic (N..,S,O" 5",0), ill I litre Ill' (,:oPl'Cr.I'IL'C. rrc~hly boiled ;Uld l.:"~llcd dj~lill..:d water, adJill~ I ml ..:hl<Jl'~,I'<lIJll .H' 10 Ill!; mercuric iodide 10 sl;,lJilisc ll,c soluuou. Alluw 10 staud [<II' '>CI''':I;'[ days before II:>':. lI'o,./"ilig So!Jlli.JlI, O.O}jN. -c- Dilutc 100 llllll[~lll<.:k s"lutioll 0.. 2.4.) to 1 [jll~ Ililll ":"I'I'~'r·rru:,h..:shly boiled aud cooled d;~ldlc.l w.ucr, <lUJill~ I ml "hJ",'", fcum or III llig mercuric iodide. This solution is reasonably SI;ILI!c bill il s["\I.ld L..: slOluuarJiscu ag;,insl p\II"~,,illl\l dichrouuuc ;.\1 Ircqucut illl..:r,'.IL S'UI.., i" :.", ,,,,,1.>0..,, ~b"" houl" "ill,:.l rubber SI"1'11Cr ;tnu Ilis..:ar,1 :llly SOlllli"1l l(,;'llaillilll\ in Illc burette III Ihc clld 01' the dOl),. .,I,IIUILS UI: ~W,\LII .\,\'II 2.2.6, 2.1,7, SII/}IJlw':! p, nussium I )id,..../IIIIIl' ~·"fllli(JII, (Un5N. .- - I )i~s. ,I\,; I.!!6 g pr~' vjull~ly di'i..:J K,Ct ,0, ill dj~lilkJ II.ucr <luJ Jilul": III t Jill'~. Siank - G ,'illJ I g or sulublc sturch ililu a ~nllHllh P;I,I.: willi OJ liulc l<JIJ Ji~lilkd \1;11.;1' anJ PIliII' il inru I litre ,II' b(,ilill~ \\.11.,;1' 1\ irh cHIISla1l1 slirrill~. Hllil f'lI I ll1illllh.:, ;IJJU .11 JUII' III l'l'oJ I)I,;!; >IC 1l.'H:. Tilc .01111 iou .1"mId IJ,.' mi.") rrcslrly pr':P:I' .:J. !. 3, l'roccdurc. ~. J. I. S'nmlmditdli,ni <If ,~-'"Iimll IMo,r/llfJIt'II" S,dlil;"lf. l,i""I,-..: ;'Prlw1imilCdy ! !: 1,,'I'b,iulll i,>diJ..: (" ,) fl":~ fl',1I11 iodal": ill ;'11 b'l..:itll '1:)":1 11.1.l 1\ nh lOU ,, 150 Illl Ji.lIl1..:d \\,11..:1', ,Hid III IlIl I I ~ ,.1IIpl'lIri..: ,l,'id f"IIUI\":u hy ..:xacllt' 20 nil SIJIIU'I.-J didunlll,l/<:- s<)!III;,w. I'J",,' in lh..: ,lad... I'dI' 5 minutes, dilute 10 '1- 1',- -HlO rul and titr.ue wit h 1hi(l~\llphah.; 1I111il a p:d..: Sll,IW col. lUI' i, r"::lc·I1"d. a,ld ,I "H·t. :"" I rit"'k "1',1 il <:"k"d..:~>. I r d '" I hi. ,;"II,II:II~ i. n"1 exact 1)' ().O~ 5N ;"Ijml it IIIlI il it is, 1.3. Z, 1\1.:111...,, To lh..: sample ,,~ c"lk<.:I.:J ill ;\ 1sn·3OO III I boule ilJJ ! Illl vi' IHJI)l:;1UtlU; ~1I1"h:lk ;(,IUI i'~'l. f..... llv,,·..::J by 2 IIII ",Il;;diu" ivJiJ..:i~vJi"m "Lid" ""H;=<:>11 ,."U b<.:l()\\· IIl..: ~c 11(,.':<:o{ rII": Iiqui<l. S1011P.:r \\,j III (,It.: I" c"duJ..: ;11/ Jir ilillf run wcll ; let the prccipitute sculc and mix uguiu. 1.1.:\ Ill': prcclpil"''': •culc well ""J 111':11 udd 2 ml of (V 11<:;":1\1 ru IcJ sulphuric a..:iJ l.;'Hcfully, leu ill!: il run slullly down Ihe neck of Iln; GuO/.:. l~c-~'rilPlJcr ;.lIIJ mi,\ gCIllly UllljJ ~"JlJli,J11 i.I complcrc. DLl;'lIIl oil' .111 UII1Ul1111 equal to 200 1111 \11 uliguml ~;II11III~ ahtr correct i11 ~ I'm i IlL' rcasc ill \ nlumc by 1h.: ,It IJ..:d 1''':,1~(;' 1l1~. Thus, II ~ ml of 1'':uS':Jlh ilS ill 1his cusc I\<I\'", bccu ;I,ldcl.1I,) a 30\) Ill! l,,)lf lc the \01111110,; 1~I..:n Ior /IIr,11 i, If, ,11"i4IJ h..:-' JOO 2tlO ..... - 20J ml, JOO 4 '1 ilr;lt..: " illl 0,015 N ~",Iilllll.lli. ,~ulJ'II"lo.: 10 urc ~1;lIdl cud p,.illl. 2.4, C,,"r:niull uf Rrsult«. Jf Ihe r:tllii v,l!cnl of 200 l)"j origin., I sallllJk h:lS 0..'1.:11 l.:lk..:n lIll: Jiss;al\.J o ~ YllC n II' iII be III Ime ricu IIYcq uaI 10 I he t ilr,ll ion Iigurc, .lUd c ~ fll'css..:L1 Ihus: Di~sld\'.;d Oxygen ;IS (I, ill Illll/ I. 2.5.1. ., -., .:>. . l'crccu: lI!.it' Sawr,,' if"l "i V.I):!:(·',. Di,SuIYcJ v"YtCIl as U, ill I);g/I x 100 Solubilily or O")'J;":H in wurer af IIn~ tempcnstnr«, b;mr IIldl it: I'Io:SSlIt'C and saliuit v or 111<:- ~.Jll1pk \\ IICII I.IL~I1. in Ill~ ... l . s, $1' 7(j(j ::il\ 29.92 S, solubility <It l' or PI S ~.)lubilit)' ,al 7&0 IIUll Ill' 1'1.'11 ill, Otd<:-r 10 Tabk I) I' I.J<I rom..:! rie PIC~S\l r~ in III illilll..:tr..:s. 1'1 . • \J<l t'lll11C! ric prc",su1''': ill ioch..:s. I".\IUI(,\I I(l.Sl,('IIClS: ,\('1 25{1 ')67\ I I ~--- .. T.IUll sa.uen.uv OJ UX\(jll'j IN Hfl.'iH WArHI AND IN .'iEA WAllit 01 :i1,>,nlJ lJUilll:LS 01' SAI..INITI' H VARIOUS 11.~lI'UtI\IUIU.S \\'III:N tX"U~ll) IU AN ,\I~lUSI'liUtE CUN'''INli'>U 20.9 l'Ut CLNI m o>:nil,N llNIlUI A 1'1IL:j~1!J11, 01' 7(.u M~1. j(·;lk"I.II;:d 11)' Co (' Vl1hipilk '-111<1 J\1 C Whippl..: from HlC'I~llrCt1I':l1lsofC J J F(J~1 ; nil1'cl'- Dissolved Oxygen In ChlllfioJe tree Willer 2U,OlXl 'c. 11,7; 8.1'-1 1I.·f! 7.Y') X.27 7.85 8.11 I 7.71 7.')1, 7.56 'J.91 9.72 9,52 9,31 9.1'-1 11.96 8.18 8.u2 8.45 8.30 e.o 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.6 76 7.5 74 7.J 7.2 7.1 1.0 6 9 68 6.1 66 6.5 6.4 6.J 6.2 6 ' )0 31 J2 JJ J4 J; 46 41 4B 49 50 J6 J7 J8 ".0 41 42 43 44 45 ' C,OO'J1l U.00'.l5 O.lX19} 0.0089 O.OUIIIl 0.0165 0.0160 0.0154 00149 0.014.:1 O.OI'-liJ I ll.t1U86 0.cXJ8'1 0.n(8) I 1l.1l1l'] .1 0.00&1 0.OlJ5 0.0130 0.0'125 U.0I21 I 0011' I 0.01 [4 0.0110 Cl.OI{l7 U.UI04 0.0100 I 7.28 7.14 7.00 6.117 6.74 9.78 9.57 9.36 9.17 8.911 tum 8.62 I!AG 8.]0 8,14 7.9') 7.8'-1 1.70 1.56 7.41 .J LJ~ 11.0] IU,1(, io.so 10.15 10,01 12.1-4 11.82 11.52 I I. 2~ 10.97 IU.7U lu.45 10,21 998 9.76 9.55 9,35 9.11 11.98 8.80 8.63 8.0.17 8,30 8.15 8,00 7.86 1.71 7.57 7.43 7.JO 7.15 11.11 i 10.85 I 11)(11 Ill,3o ! 10.13 1 12 .') 7 I 11(,1 12.28 11.98 , 11.69II 1.3'J 'JAG 'J.21, ').07 1l.8') :),7] IO. o.l ') 10.20 11),05 'J .1::5 9.(15 11.1') lUI I 1.2--1 10.'J1 10.13 1).1') IJAI I lUS 12.72 [2.41 12.tl'J II')') lUI] 8/,H &.53 '" 12AI:: 12.17 r I 1::1 11.51) II JJ 11,01:: 10.113 mhO I1U7 10.J5 9.~S 9.7~ ~.5'-1 9.35 'J.17 14 III u.n I J 1::'-1 IU8 13.1.1 12.I::U u I 1 J, s 16 17 ""~u !I " 1J 24 !5 (, 7 8 v III "11 IJ "" 2h 8.22 7.81 7,42 7.(12 6.61 0.00110 2J IUl7 7.76 7.28 6.S8 6.49 [l.U01'J 111 7.92 7.53 7.1<1 6.75 6.37 0.01178 ~'J 7.17 7.J'J 7.00 6.61 6.25 0.0076 L-!~. 1.Il3 7.15 6.86 6.49 6.13 0.('1075 I "lhc SCCUIIJ dcchnal place ill the: above table is not uccurutcly known. The average oJilkr~'Jlee From the mean ur five diflcrcnr investigators represents 0.01 ppm. Until f11111'I:I oJ.ll.l .lIe ullldi"eu, I'v..........., , II, ... ~.....,;o"J dcci'l,u11'In"" hU3 b<.cn rduin.:J in lho: table.• 5 " ;q llt.lr~ $:".It1]1!J:'l~hll:>1 :'IlJ! ~\'!rl':l1 .1(1.1 r;1~11 ') ',(l!l"lll, V "l"~.r!) 'P""!!') 1:'1;) ~.PF"\II<"II.I,'I1.I. .. ··I".I··(.'/II,"II.""I.L 't" 1r ,J S""O III ~ .) tt J().) ~'O ro I .J~L[ Jll ~~ 1ll1l'.1.-'lI\l1;:l1)1: p:'lIl!lnlllt:lI1l\t1!:'I.j JO "I'll: df:l 5'11t'11,.'J1~'\ .m q(lll~qll:"lI! ;1<;11 '(In!11~qll:lIJ! JnJ - 'n/''''I.I·'''',H ,m .,".m,,'?II."'1 'C 1"[ '1.11 ;•• '" 1'·1,11:1\' ~! ( 1/') rrrr: :'i(f(lJ W'!m!II,llll.l·"l.1 I/I/!II-'''( I /lmW1 n .I:"'J'~ c(/lJ'l!lJl!S """Ill) ;"JI1l/",--'I'1S M!1!J;'IIS .) ~ .ru I . }.(lL I .10 ;11111I',l;")o,\lII,11 1: It! ,IIUII] r .1".1 l1:l,ln .l!'! lOll t U! ~'II.1:lI~ '<lIl'll!1 puu lin lin:'! nql .>\:"J:'IS 'll"!,!"lld 1':l1.1:1\I'! 1I! '( l.'l" ["L'l T) eqm ul,ill:ll1:lIlIP.I 11l1"1,IIlU ;)110 :"Jr.IU Jl:f lPl 'I,"w" lI!IJt!,\\ --.. '/lO!I/1".'l!.I.IIS TZT( '1;'1F'IUI:!!' H! 10 lrl-L'(l Pl!l~ ;-:1101 Ill:'! ~T-~'! :'lln~I~:l!ll IP~ll~ ~:'!lPl\ :'oJtlll1\:l~JlI!: II! l':I~n wqnl 1I(1~11~11I0qll'~J 11t1:II·ll1~l - "(11""'."1 ,\'.1'1"./, /"'!"',",lI//I-'.1 '/'1>1/-111(/ 11') ·tJl!fl~'l :llll II! ~:'o'11\1 1U1!II!lll:'otll.l~.1 Illl!Ipn{!!a' ~\I:I~ 111\\ ~Jlr\\ 111."1 z-: I pv~ ;7.... '1 "'.: :;"', ~";/"I 1"·.... 1. 'r·',\:m'" ~"l/'U, "",,"r"'''''·'·~1 ''''''1'''11 (") ·r;lll1l!l~qm oq ,(mll ,(1!,~t:tI1!:t rill f;: Io ~l1''lII':'\ld'I:>"'':>t.~~ J1!I:l1t1 ·r"'\{l!,l,'~:ll' ~:lI11l1 :I,ll1lPl:lqn~ :>tll.10 lW:"I"lll "~:;I1]lll'1\I,\\ Illlllll,~ 'II!I\ ~:'l\lnl :l~:"111 ,1:>ddIlIS '.1;1];lHlI'lp "! liD ;:.: I pul' ~unl t1I,~ H-') :l,II'''I!:>OIl Ip!ll~ scqtu :l.1lI11":lqllS ,"I".f, .'-'"I/II.!'I".\' ('0 'q;'l,\;'I111tI (11 Ie: pm! 1\11001 ~1 II' ~,lI'f :>Ip l"tlll 01 :>:,,~pr..Id roof! ~~ II "1'~1l:>l"'11 ~1l!t~!~;I.I-l'I:>11 J~lll Jtl ]lll;'101T .Ill ;'1pl'l11 ~t111;) ,\\;'I.l:lS 'IW'I P;lI;l\O.1 pun ;'pll\ 111.' s-: f- :>q lJtlJ~ ~IJ1I101\l ;'111.1 -pu (lH-O(f J" Al!:'II·t111;l rr :'I,\ill] 1'111: '101111 HI:" 91"1"1 ')(1[1\ Itn L-" 'S"l"I:'1 olllll"!~:lI'lll,"II1.1n ;X11l1:1I~ ~,'I'r 191 ;'II.L ',I,wf /u.I- (I'J ,""!'''.I-''''''(/ '1 ','1"( ',1',1'1"1 Wll1lJllI."IIJ'~1 W"lrllla !mll ,1',1'/"/, ",IIII/".l/fll,\· 'J,1I1( /1'.11 '(:'1 T ',) to ,Ill!,) ,ilL I .I" :l,1111r.,I:'I<l1tl:>1 r. l'l,lllOll I .I(1.1I1:l,\o .I!ll It''I'' "! ''''~!I!':"Il~ :"1'1 ,{I'lil ~:"Il"'''l "'II .(1"A!lrlll:"IV 'J,( - .,,' I- ;:>,011 Jfl 1101'II;>(Iul;>\ I~ 1I~ ~:>I!ltI!I1t 01 -,,1.1 11:>~(\ 1111 1I1 ~:>Illrq :>111 f;1I!:'lIlj<' ACj ;'I.llll~!(l1i1 PUl;>I~:l :lII1,(lO ;'1,\1.1[1 rill! .r.tt r 1r. satrunnr Of ."'J :>Arll:'Olllr. IIll v! :>~![!.I:>IS ~rl tlJ!I,<IJ;lI-/l,'."'/ ,II> ~P!.nJ IIl!!!\ !l:>l,<tU pPf! .J.'}(Jr.() ,""':111I"11'""~ jlmIS!'>."! tecq n JO .l:"d,~d 11,\\(1,1<1 .I:"IP!:l Ill!'" ~:l;'>11 [11111 ,I:lddnl~ :ltp .1:1,'0.) ':'Ir!~ln(1 II!''''''~' '" .. ~ ; """1" ti'''''''~II'' ",,,<1<1"1' "'[1 r"'" 'F''''' "1"'''1 "1[1 ,I" "Ill'" QII1 1I;'1.~I\"''''l .1;1,11:" I" dll~ 111!Ul~ 11 :I,~I:ld '~1I~~~I~·I:'11~ \1;111,\\ - '1I11!I/ll'!/.U,'IS 'l'I'I'( '!I'·'1l'l :'I.\l~~:l.~~:l UIlllJ :\:"11.1 :'<.11l'~\1" I'IW Illi OO;:,111 .\I!,~,:dl!,~ ll111tt!!"!\lI I! :l,\t~'1 ·\~I·I;; pl,IIII:lI'.I" eq .(1'1':":>.1:"'.111 1I':11~ .(:>111 '~dr.,~ "'\:'.l:"~ ltlt~l<j~:l,' 111:>'1 ttl'" 1':>t1,h~:'l-.'\:>I,'~ .11' p:>l:'\hl" I~"~"1'1 il jill I' 1',"Iq11Il1i \ I":ll' ~ II :'<.1111't I" ~:>III' 'q :\!dU I\~~ :1111 '/tI'.' Idl.l-)J,l( I ' I ' 1' 1 ' ( '.I"'I'llfl'} ,,/dllms '1"1 ,( ·~11 :l1Oj-"I\1 :>[1.1:>1\ ~'rt'lI! :'<.11Ir.1J~ ,11111.11:<1(\1: :'IIIlIiV '1t:lAO 1!'~ 1"11 \~ III [1:>!IP ,(rrr.U\I [1Ur. .I1!0I,") 1~111l1 .P11~,1-\ p:llll1~!r rrl~,\\ P:>;;II!J ·.1:>11'\1 ]'1II~ p'Il1nII\ll<n Jlllll~I'I' ;llq1:11'" .I;'1111" ,10 ".I:lP\\lJlI \'I~(\~ Ill!.\\ [1:>'I\'~\\ '<runnuu (1;:: .1".1 .) I;: I Ir. r:'l\"I~"'I1l':>q 1'111"11' ~:'<.llll t\:'Il ]'HI! ,.II~f '5;>111"'1 P:>"~lI~IlIl~II\(l.) ',1'/'/1111>11"1" '1"( ·1,,:"lII!tll,l:ll;'1p 11,"11'1 110.1 IIIC,'."",11 1':,'!1I11 .Ill .l;1\]I'liltl ]'11\1 ;'1.lIl.)~;lll1 :ltll ~1I!1I:'111""1!-0.1 I'~tl, ~",1I111",l ~Ml!~(1,{ .'l!l :rU!fltlfft.'-qJl~.(q run r"I1!{/'Pl.~p l<1Y ,~! ~uun.l 'Ifl"") ;"I\!ldltl1l~:>ld)o .l;"lJttllltl pur ~,")n.":".ltl :'lIp '1111.' Ip!J;'II!.JlII!:t!dAl.1" ,I;I\IHlI1lI ]llll! :'I:'llr.")~,'ll' ;11[1 :'ll1lll~!lql!I~;I III 'II") I 1\' 11\',1! 'IV.)I.1 \.I )1'" "1m I \'NIl~~'\] ,10 ~Il(\llIl[~ "( O'-/\'·lfl':.'IS lfl s ttn rvtv N,>,IlI(,11. 1I1~"I.IU IS: At f 25/I~tJ7(1) 3.2.5. 3.2.1. 3.2.4. J.!.2. J)i~'lilf,,!/ J)'UI~''', -- All wurcr used ill the pleparaliu!I of 11Lellia :011.111 Lc glas. JislilkJ. tJ,Il4 /Ief n'lI/ llro/llll-C{"oul fW'IIfr:. -- To U.l g or brumo-crcsulpurplc add lli.5 IIII O.OIN SUUiUlll hydroxide Slilulioll. Add CIIUII!;11 tli"lilkJ \I'"ICI" III dissotvc the uulicutur cnmplctuly alld III LlilulC lu 2501111. l'r",'<II'<I/ioll ,~r /11m.: C"/I/.;'')" BnJ/It. 1),1/1/'/" S/'-"I/g//'. - Till.: double SIJ'el1!llh "'-lacl'lJllkcy luoth CllllSisl~ uf the r"llowilll;. )0 g sudtcuu nnuochufatc (!Jil<.: :0,,11), 20 J; h".:u•.>~". olO J; pCplU"". JO g sodimn chhll'iJe and 1.000 rul Ji,'lilkt.l water. 3.2.3.1.1. ~jJl<'I"I/{l/il'c 11.'0111. Instead of mukiug lip I\lal.·Collb...:y broth uccosding III (J.2:.3.1.J, Jouhk quantities of a JehyJmlcJ M'IcConkey broth of bactcno Illcicul "LUld'lI'J. dissolved ill 1.000 IIlI (II' di'lillcJ water Ilial' be used. l'rcli",i".II"" TrnIIJJJI'JII 01 D"IIIJ1,· SII'<'Jlgllt A/.ld IlJIh")' ltroth, - SkUlll Ill" sulllli'lIls pfep;ll"ll (3.2.3.1. ur ~2.3.1.J.) for 2 h.nns at ~lf'-IO(J"C. cool nnd 11001Isf..:r 10 an icc rhcst oleruil:hl. l hc fllJlOlli"l;'. 1l11l111illl:(, while slill cold, fihcr IhrOll!;h \\'halm'1I1 No. I or sillliJar grade !iller paper. AJjUSI 111<.: pll or urc muutc LU 7.4 unu ;IUU:U mrur a 0.(1·11><:1(;<':111 ;llluCllll::> sotuuou of hromu-crcso] purple (3.2.2.). 3.2.3.1.3. lJiJlri/mlillll uI lJvllbI,' SIT't'ltgI1l ,\Ja,'CulI/.;l",l' JJrutfr. -- lJsill~ lhc jars des cribcJ ill tJ.1.2.1.)(u) ;lUJ (C), add 100 1111 or MoJ":Coukt.:y brorhtu cadi IcSI jar uud srcrilisc for 15 minutes ur I Ij'C ill an autoclave. Aucrn.uivalv. Sl..:rilisc by :steaming;ll 98"-100'(' fur 3U lllill'UI":S Oil three consecutive J:.lY:>. 1'11..: lill,,1 pl Lshafl be 7.3 -I- or - 0.1. when required for tcst thc jurs shull 10.: pullil Ille 37"C incubator ur watcrbath in advance i.I11J mkcu "ut ollll' I'or the udduiun 01' the water sample. Sf"!Ji<' Sm.'II,':W. - III auuiliull 10 die uuuLJk sllellglh I\Jw.:collkcy hrOlll desnibcJ ill (3.2.3.1.) prepare single Sln~lIgth.MOI..:Collkeybroth by lakill!; h.llC the lIl:ighlS ur soJium ruurochohnc, lactose. peptone uud sodunn <.:hloriJe gtvcu ill (3.2.3.1.) anJ dissolve IhelH in 1,000 1111 of dislilbt water. Troutthe broth further as in (LLJ.1.1,), Allernl.llivdy prepare MacC~mk..:) blulh fHIIl) uppropriure quumitfcs of u dehydrated MacConkey broth or b,ll'kl'i,lhlgical standard dissolved in l,llOO IllI of Ji~lilkJ wurcr. l>i~lfibLile this broth ill 10 1111 .IIllIlU111s in subculture tubes described ill (3.1.2.1. (Ii) and 3.1.2.2.) und slerilise us described under (J.2.J.I.:l.). WIlelL ''''-j"i,·"J ,"vI' "'31 !he 1"Lx: ~hulll", p"t in Ih" 37'C i"""h-ucnr 0" "".. I",'b",[, und taken nut 0111)' for the addition of the .....uer sumplc. 11,,1,,/<: ,\I<·,/i,ml. - Prepare a I PCI'.;e1l1 sohuicu in Jisl illcd w.ucr of a bactcri lllll~i<.:al peptone cOlllainilll;l tryprophnu. Adjust pll 10 7.0 1- or - 0.1. distribute ill 5 lit! quumuics il110 subculture rubes, the Durham Icnucnunion tubes being onuucu. Stopper, and sterilise the rubes for 15 muuucs ut 121'C ill an autoclave. A:vl'<I(":i 1m/vie Reagent, ~ Dissolve 5 grunts of p-Jimclhylamillo bcnzul dchydc ill 75 Illl of pure n-umyl ult.:llhol und add 25 ml of ION hydrochtonc "liLi. 1:!-.].11 r.i.s.z. J.1.3. LU.1. U. CIJ{frtliulI of SUl1Ip{Ci. 3.3.1. GCII<'m/. - Before taking u sample prepare a bud giving the name of Ill..: si.llllpler, 1I11: dale and lime of sumphng and any sp<.:t.:ial Jislinguishing mark. JOlll1eLli.lh.:ly OllieI' S:lmpJillg all;l..:ll IIli.S label firmly 10 Ihe samplc. 7 ].~.2.3. SI.~llnt:s Of .sW"'LILANll J,J.:? .)'III1/,Jillg In,. !J,u,,,,,.i'IJ"l:it·,IJ 1;'.1/. . \-I//J.:'JI lI"mllin;l I/lI.' )/<.'fiJ.: ,.ttl/llk boule Ill..: inside pnrtlllll uf the Sl<'pp"':f ~hall IWI loud\ the halld or <"llI1e illh' t"lIl;I':1 "ill, uuy object durin\! Ill": ..:.111..:.:111111 "f II,..: ~.llllpk "'ht un 11" ilLLOUll1 sl1;dl Ill" ,I,'p"..:r I.: laid Jown. 3.3.::.1. ~;nlIf'Jt"g Ii-tim" ,/;,/, vr I'llIIt(l. -- \'-'ilsh lit...: m'Il/II, uf II,,: lap in\ilie .Iud ",ul,iJ... ',,;tl, u "h.... " ..:\,,11,. \Vitl,,, ~I';I';I. n .. ,HII"'- 1)'1''' "f I,,,n,,,r, n"IIl': II,,, nnnuh ofthe l;lP until "ell 11":011..:.1, Allow 1111': wutcr III 11111 Inr :! Io J 1ll1l111le~, Jill Ih..: boub ..1"10')1 ftlii. ICp!;tLC lh..: sWl'll<:r l'lt,llll..: IHql<.:1 ":1l\,..:1' Ill\IlI<,JiJ' ldy, IlllJ rcnnn hI Ill..: s<llhpl..: bov. I ill II,,,,: S;tllIl'1.: hu\ "jIll hnllp. ,,(it,:>: {'-!!l;)ut I 10 2 II,. in SI'-';). 33.2.2. Somldill!: /10m 1/ StrewlI. tccscrvoir, ,'(c. - (ir"SI) the bott-nn P:ll'l ul ll~ h,'l/I.: in 011": h"",!, n:l!lOY": lh~ slupp..:r '-Ilhl juuncrvc lh..: [,oul..: al once al!lwi r II. (",luI\' Iho,: smlucc, :L1l\1\\il1~ III (if( cilh":f Up')II'C;1l1l ill Il,min~ \\<11":1" Ill' by fUJ'\\"a,J 11IU\'':I1\..:,,1 of lh..: \i"lllc ill srill wutcr, III IlIeY..:!11 ",,11.:.;. liun "r "n>, ",:.11",' ,,1,;,,[, h,,~ Com" ,"l" ".>111"..:1 "',,[, dl" h,,,,J. Ah" .. ,.¢ ftlllval [ral/] 11/<.' nOll.:r, /.:plil,·c lhc stopper all'! Ill..: paper cover ilHlllc,lialcly unJ replace ill .:ltl\pk box \\hidllm:> \)":":11 filkJ "illl lmuliS oficc. 3.4. .\Jl1l/lUd~ IIf EHIIJ!iIlUltUIl. J>,·.·sw"p,;,'.· 1""H. [,""""1 111" ~;Il"pl" huHI .. J:S I; .. '"'' by " I'<lp;J rUI~ry llJ(I\'ClllCnl of II"" WI i~1 ill Qruer 10 di~tribulc ifllY (l..:rw~il IlIli/um,/,. Il1rull,.h 0111 rhc «urcr. Ancr ll,Llning the I1101Ilh of the b.llIl..:, transfer ascpli~ally !Oll 1\11 of Willer 10 Oil';' of lla prepared l':~l jars c.:llllti\ini'll: lOOml uf JoJutoIc SII...:nglh t\b,:Coul-cy brorh. l~cplao.:..: the SCI'';W cap of rhc 10.:;,,1 j~lr all.! pl~l'CI Ill.: jolr ill a Jj L juL·ol"!I ....f or Will<.'n",lIl. Aller 11)10.!4 I!,'w~' iJ,,;urolilJll cx.uuinc the j:JI'S; II"l Pft..:S':Il":", (If ~u:id uIIJ l;aS ill Ih..: L'l1dost..:J l)lIIhalQ f..:nll':l1l<Jliull tubes is'rq;uJ"lkJ as a pu:>ilin: r":;KllUI1 hut the absence ur~:u Ionumiun, \\lIo.:lh":l" (If not ~rowlh or acid pmdlll.:lioll is nrcscru, is not Tt.'!;;JnJ,:d i1.> ;J l)L"g;J!il'C n::KliO!l uolil Illc lowl r>c.:ri,).Q of jll'-'III';l/ilill ill )}:C b 411 lunus. A); SHllli ai ,I jar shows "Lid .nul g~IS, il IlIml Lc ~lIh.iLltl((lIJlcd ut uncc iruu ~illl>k SH":lIglh M:lo.:Colllcy broth al.:l4'C it) li.:1 uut III (l·-I.:!,I. II' illl)' j:-Jr docs I\U' SI'I)V<' lite presence or acid ilIHJ gus. illl,;lI!l;llc il ull1ij a WI;ll p..:rioJ {i"dll')iJ!i~ IJII: ji,:;1 p.:l'joJ) of 4fi limn,; I!:I'" .:/;11'.,;<1, 'III<.' ;JtJ .:Ih"';"!;\ lln ",,,'J "",11:'" 1·'>O'1l0:>1;..." a,,,, II,,,,, "",",,,.I,,,I,,~ ""1;;;>1;,·.: ;,1 n:".:I; .. n.. J.4.2. CUlljirmHlury iv«. 3.4.2.1. TII.'<!I".!'. --, Dw p<!,~~ibilily of Ih~ prcscnec of typical (ra<':.:ull .:,)Ii ill pre SlIll1plivc positive "L1L"C.'OIIl-.:y jnrs ut 37"t' is usccn nill..:J by subcunurc flt.IID tu!;h p,'~;l; ..." j:lr:; ;"10 Mu"CulIl,uy lII"Jium ul 1FC. H Ihe lC:lI\r..:n11url of incubarinn is kept SlliLlly at 401°(' (wIlh a 1\l~lxilllllllJ tolcr.urcc of + Ot' ~O.5>Cl Ill,,; pr':';";Il~'-: of r;;t!i \"j/hill ·1S hOll""; is pr;,djL';IJly l:h;lr;ld..:ristic ci EJ'ch"ri,.hi<t ,."Ii. "1') 1'0,; I, f;,,:..::il. 3.4.2.2. PI'/)n'<!/lN!. -- Frtlm c~ch l)tlsillVC nl'csIlll\l1livc klr:H 37'(' lakc;l sld"':llllure inlo In Hllliill~l.: ~lft..:"l'11l t\t,,:( ll-.:)' brulh LJ)' 1I1<;;;1I1S "f a ~l..:lil..: I>;KI<lflo., logk:l! Ii10P or Jl.lSll'jJr pilldlC; IfalbfcJdHg ;!l'pnnim:J/dy 0,01 1/1 lW] mJ. IlltU!),I!.: Ih.:~..; lul>o.::> ill;1 \\:IIo:Il!.uh III 44"C ~'lll'l~ !M.:illg la~":i1 Ih~llilic 1\~let kvd uf lhe b>llh is ,l!ll,lVC Ill..: I~\'d or Ih..: liquiJ in lite luocs ,Iud Ihallllll l"Ill!''''-''C" ....... ;" .....,;"'.d",,J Chr""'ih<ltll "I 4-1·'<,,:' I ~11 ·1l.j··C. "I/,'II1I'd'i1i"". ./ It.: 1".:;".:11<.·..; or g,,,, ill ,(II': <!lld(lSo,;d I )1lr/li1ltl f-:I·llh:nl" ..ocI lulx:s is .c::~lId~'u ", pus;tiyc illui":~l\;"" of Ih.: gl';l\\ III (,f trpi..:,d (rile.-al) coli Nll luv.: i,; r"I~;",I ..J ;1:, >I,,:,:'.I,i\,,: WHil Ill..: 11IIai Il.:rioll of illl..:ukllinli uf.u !lOin:; lla~ .:1,;nseJ. 1~lllai L"lIlinll"li'!l' d":'l,;ll<b .>11 Ill": 111,"li'.-li'lII of j'I.!"!";:.Ie ~·I C {J,':2.':./ • JA.J.2, 1 ~.:! ~ -';-,.1 j;,r 1.,.1.,1,' 1"'",I",..,i"", . T,·,,;,'''·'' ''11j''··ni,w,''''/Y (1.111 1..,I1-'1':! ,,,I u( til..: 4~ C posiliv..: L'ullure obtained ill (JA.2.1.l 10 5 ml or indok mcduuu (L!..-l.l. lu<:ubak these rubes as ill 0.4.1.1.j. An..:r 2~ Iiollr~ adJ n.3 1111 of K"vaL'~ r..:ag":111 {J.l.5.} ,U1J shake well. A red o.;'I!."Hr developing Ililhill 5 numucs iIlJiL'.H..:s a posilive l..:sl for the preSI:I1C": ,If indole and CUllli,,", IIIC PICS":IlCC o(lyp!.:allr'u:caIJ L::SL'IICl'klll:l con. T}l'c I, JA.J. ,1/1"/11",( "r '~:\""l/liltlfi"l1 /,11" tlu: .11",\1 ('roIJII!Jt,· ,vllll/b,·I· £!( 1)pi<'l,1 (f,,,',',II) (·,di. '1"1 "slalliish lh..: 11l0S1 prou.lblc 111111lbcr 'If IYI,iL',11 Esdlcridl;i1 ('"Ii lypc I ol'';,lIliSlllS pl"SClll cuuduct III..: f"lIo\ling lLsls ,illlllllall":llLlsl)' Ililh II,,,..,, "r S,·.·.i,,', 1\4 I 1"",I (14 ) ) 1·1.3.1. .1"/,1/1,/111.\, - III ,HhJiliuH It) tbc <JjlPM'llus srl<:<;illeJ ill tJ,l/ c"o.;·cl'lilll; 1).1.2.J.III) J'il'elJc:; arc required. 3.'1.1,1.1. (1/','... l'ip..:ll..:) :;11<111 hc grilJuOIlell (10,5 ;1Il.! 1 mil Jllu ~h;tll have slr:lighl sides wi.h l"II..:,lug lips. Usell pip..:llcs ,hlllliu I", dcall..:J ill ::! per cent sthllllill 1,'1 ,II ,,~;d-.: S~,I," iUII, or in other suimblc washing t,;"lllp' '1Ill,h, w'l~ll~'d ,IIIJ rlll:>..:d ill di,lliled water uud 11I'i~:J ill a hot ail' uvcu ill II)) C '1 01' .) L'. 1~.3.1.2. SI,',fllm/i"". - - Fil a piece of cotf on wool il\,;i~1e the upper crnl of ptncucs. nlucc ill .1 piPdh,: I.:UJllUin..:r (Of Ilral' in kr.1I'1 /1;11'-.:1} ;/Ild ~ll.:rili"c ill ,) hoi ,ti, UVLIl rUI I hUll, .. I .0 1t:1"1',-,.oIUl'- vi 170' C -I VI -.:l 'Co ,11..,/;", .~- In udditicn to 11.<' IllcJ;a sr<xlli..:J In (3.2.), the rllllu"ing IS rc quircd: J),,"hl.· SIr<'lIgfh Il1l/c("""J.'"." HIl,/h. - Prep,u c tltJllok sllt:!lllih Mao.:('oul.,e\' broth III accordance with {3.::!.J,I.J. <'x,elll nun illSh:ad "I' di."l'ibllljll~ Ill.: hl"ol/l i'l WI! m! niunnnics ill 1<",1 i;lI~ Ji.\fj-;Iw/c III wi qllalllili..:s III sh;ri1c ~ub<.:uhllr~ lul>es \J,I.:!.I.(hl J l:lllliaillill& l)lIrh'"1l f":I'Ill':III"lillll ttlh..:~ (31.2.1.('/11 :H1,1 thcu sterilise. 3.41J. "",(',',Ilm'. J.-I.J.3.1. 1""'~IItI'I'I;n' '1".1". .. Invert the sample bon lc 25 Itllh,:S by a rapid rotary JJh)I":lll':lll or III": \\'I'isl in OIU':!' to disfntuuc any Ilql,lsilS lIuir'uf/llly 111I'"ugh 0(11 Ill..: water. Arter flaming Ih..: muuth of rhc hollie, 10 cuch of live pre 1',11":.1, ,Iou hi..: slfellglh Ma,,:Ctlllley Ufulh 11l1'lt.'S (3.-I.J.::!.) ;1.1.1 10 IllI "f 1'011<'1' .~a"llll~. 'r,,. ":01":1. of liv~ pruuarcd. "incl... SI,...:nClh M.,,·I ·"ub').' hrolh ,,,1,,,, (J.:!.J.::!.) ad,1 t.u nil 1'1' water saillple. To eadl .rf another live prepared ~jllgk sl.<:nglh M;lo.:Collkey blOlh 1LI1l..:s ;"IJ 1.0 nil uf'l djllll..:d water sall,pk. This Jilul..:d water is prcpurccl hy ,liluling I.n Illl "I' II aiel' S:ll;ll'k Id rllu IllI \1 ith ~1":lilc glass-Jisliflcd warcr. '11 the rir~1 scnvs tlf' 11lu.:S, C-:.it:h ":olll,,iIlS HI 11,1 "I" """;r .$""'1'1", ill lh" .$<:o.:vnu ,-,,,,;..:~ 1.0 1111 ,,,, ... ill lI,..:: Ihi rd scnc-, 0.1 ml. lnuncdiutcly place these 15 lubes in the 37''(' incubator 01' water burh. After::!O 10 24 hours' itlt:L1baliull exurninc the lubes; the presence til' acid :IIIJ 1;:1'; ill the enclosed Durham lcnucnuniou rubes IS regarded as a pu"iJin: f",~":liilJ) but the absence of l:a~ l"urtl\:lli t u I, whether ur 11L1l J.:fuwlh ur a":I,1 prmlut:ll1111 is present. is .1ll1 n:garJeJ as ;1 lIeg<llive reaction until the lul:!l l»t:fioJ uf incubation al J7 C i~ ~!i hours. As s,IOIl <IS ;111)' tube Sh'IWS ucid und gas, it must be sub-illOt:lIlaleJ <II UII":C Oilln singl..: )1lt:llglh IVI;lo.:Collk,,;y hroth LIt 44"C liS Sci out ill (J.4.3.J,2.). If allY ltlbo.:S du 1101 "hllW 11,,- I',,-,,o;;n<:.,- uf 'l..:iJ and 10"", in..:uL"I": 11,,,,,, ltl'lil .0 IUI<lII't:I;ulJ (jll ,:I"Jillt; Ill<: lin.1 p..:,-jU(.I) of .J8 hou,s Il:,s. d;'I)::;,,;J. The tlllxs showing 1l<J ao.:iJ :JIlJ gOls r"rm:llion :In.: Ih..:n regal'dt:d as neg'lli",..: in rc..,,;tion. l~.3.J,~. ('IIIli";II'I/''I")' r".rf, -- Vl'lllll c;)o.:h [losilive pr":sllJl,pli\'~ IUOC ,II 37"(" I'll.: a SlIllt:lIIlUh' iuln sinck Slr~t1clh f\!ao.:Culllvy lund,. lw ",,'an, "r " ...,·,,1, h.1o.:h;nul"gl..::,1 IUtljl ,II 1'"SI':UI" pil)o.:ll":, o.:ap:llllt: "I 1r;'Il~kl,.i"b0.01 11\ O.O~ 01 ·"!,I,,,,'~ I'" 01 fl"!,,!,.,.,,,.., "-.r,, ~"'l"l ""'!I.I" s:>!J:'>~ -v ., ".J/IIN """ s« 0') ll~ sr ()~( 6 '[0<: IXm H' " "' sz '" L roz00' lH sc {ll ~ m: o-r , oot 009 g}: " "" oz 1[[ II Or I 0" I~" '" [0, " 0(( 0' 1[1IKi: O~~ 0' LOS n't i:H s 0[1 "" ~ts II[ 100; " 1'[( 01 rzIliST 1'I"S sz fK1S " Oil x '[Ioor no; II< 10;1' 0;: [I[ 9 0("1 fI~t ;:tS 0' Oo;t zr '[IC , r I I Ill! I to; IJ> '" tI II r 9 IIItlf! m-r cr nt·" II III r t- 011 !lSi: Ho; 0' r(t tI znr s rol ont tro; or 1ft II Wf 9 lOI \1' no; " (1(1> , 00( , 101 01' I ;:f~ II[ ri:~ " 1l1'( z no IIII I I IS st: In I 1('[ 9 0(0 0' fir.; 0;: Iti:t " Of[ 9 ItO SLI ~'i:~' " 'lIt' ., ttL , 0;::(1 00;1 1';:0; (1'[ "' " 1<:'[ 9 i:Hl{ltl flO; " 01 t (, 1I;:(: , I I (J ss {t:O; sz fOt- " ," c (lIOOL I t~ IIi: lilt' (, ut t- {()I) 0' ("~ " 10" L (lIt: , IOn " rro; [I nllr " roz 0 om:.... " 'ov . lIlV .mv '11 11 //lln.m,' }! I'll r,,'!/·/I'.'N p" ,,,,!pn·,u Ii: I "II" (I )II"-I/.'''·'~l /)(1/ "'./Iln,r! (NIl .>.'./11\'0,/ {Ill ( .'.0/1<-",1 ()()f .'. '.'1.1.",,1 ./.1(/ .~-'II.II,Y ,I."t ,~II/.II.Y uri Srrr.I/,~· .l."! ;'irl!,I!.)' /111"', ) "'''in /. /lIm'. ) .\"'''1/1./" /lIIlfl. ) ""'I/"!, Jill"'.) ,U(/"/, "1'1"'1' '.1,/ r" .,,,\' ·'!'lm!"J., ./" 'ON '/'lIJf{".I" /" ." \' ·'f'I"'I"·'" f" ".', Till Y I }[:HH'H1N Tlf1\'f\(HI.! .1 SO!'i 11 'llflV.l. '[1 "1'1"-'. II 01 1'."'.~.1-"1 ".1I~ "1'''1 ""'Ip' :>'11 II! !,.~1I!1'1(1" ~11l\'·"'·1 :"'11 Illi 001 ,.~d ~'''~I 1.11':1)<011 '.' (lP,~.W.ll W·~!d(l.r" 11111<'.'" "'11]1: "'t.I.lI~ '~.l. '/Im" )l" ""!""II//,I'.'T 'Il("~ 11'~'''''''',llll-'''"I(1.I" :'1""1:«;11\1 :'I'll \111111<'-'''1 '1·!"I'tTl'llll\·~"S III 1"""1',1:'1'<:<1' 1~:<1 ;1'111"'1'"".) ),tt ,,, "I "I"'! '0 lI"'Pnrlud "'(I w' ... 1'U...... 1.-.1' ll"!l'~IlU!I1tll.'" 1""!..1 '1':<,<1"1:< ~1~11 sttl..,'l fl!' In lU'I1t"lll,,"! .In 1"'!I",1 p-lol :>'11 puru :<"!1l~:l:<11 q~ r·...rw:bl <! :<'1111 I'N !Io., 11':,~"lm 1":>1\1 (I .I" 'II "",I~ :<Ip .1(' IInll"·~1 pru ;'>A!I!C/'lll j:1~ p:>r.l1l:'i,"l1 s! sXl111 "m,rlll'" I1.'.1 1111"1111 (I l':<~PI.~I!;'I :'Ill! II! <I:;; In :<"l1:<~:>.ld :>,I I '/1",1J"J.,.uf.l.l/lI/ ·!In."lIIr:'~''':,lll'~·~!(I,(1.11' 1Ilnn,~ :<'p W :<.\lUT' "I II :>lq".I. :"<:11 (\1 :'Ilt]1: :>..l ot PI'I" III 1':<1l1.1"JI:>d <! 'It'!l1:I" ...."I1!-II"< 'P'~:> ""1'11 ,pUl" \110,1.1 r:>101l oq 1'1'1<111' 11 '.1 ~'O )" I ,1 t-t- W 111"'ll'i"o.llll r:'lll!l:llllr.lll s! :>1Il1 1!.I" d Ul;l l :'>'11 Irllll'lI1~ <:>tl"l :<lp 111 1'1l1h!1 :<IP.l" P,':>I ;'>Ip ;'>IOql~ S! Illl~<1 ;'>lI'.ln 1:'0':"1 .!:<1l~1I :lll! 11'111 11,'~1'1 :1111-"Xl ;1.11::" .) t-t- ll~ 11l1:q';l1!'11 1~ t'! VII"I .,~",I' "''''1'':'''1 '1'" '~Tt'( ·t"'nT 't'!\,'117\',I,'<; In S'11nIYIS NOl..:, cuurinucu. ll;,ilk: 11,. II ~..:n,,;~ "II'\''': lulk", -: ..h:h "'ulliailllll~ I 11l1.~'"l1l'l..:. c: ~";Ii..:" 1'1' uvc tubc-; each ,:ulllainill~ 0.1 H,I.\alllplc. 1. 'I he 1l1l,~1 pr'ubnblc 1I111,lh":IS (shown as l)l'Ob;lhl..: L'lI1l11l1J<,:1 IUO 1111 ill l"blo:J 1'1""1 I) ((I:!O urc ccu-rcct III Ill": ucarcs! unit; fl'tlill 20 10 }OO an: correct III Ih..: m:;uc\( 5, ,.11"1''': ..:!l!:) .uc nll'l..:d 10 the ucurcst 5U. lh'Il'11< "PP"I;llLl~. - A I'H,"e1 ('\lll",,, 11",1'''611",.1, wi,1, 1:,..,,,,,,1 <;In~~ "",,1:. .uul " ldlu\ ccuufcuscr. t2. 1\""1.'<'11/'. ·12.1. 1,2.2. n.l. SlI/ulWl'ic .u-i.t. - Conccuuutcd. I ;'/wi" III,Ii.·.,lo( Sulution, - Dissolve 1..Jli5 ~ I, Il).pll":lI;Ullh."lim.: fllll"l'" 11).IrOl(":). IOt:..:II,..:r wi(h 0. 095 g ferrous sulphat..: (h:SO ..711,0) ill watcr .unl chhuc 10 IlJ;J 'lii. St.II/,I",.,1 1','/m.liIl1ll LJidllwlltll..: S"llI/i.III, U~5N. I)iss"l~c 11,15::;,~ ~ PI1I,IS~illll\ <,lh;llrulllall: \K:Cr.O/J 1'1";\ j"lI'.I) <I, i, d .Ll 103'C r,,,· 2 l,,,,",~. ill di,(ilkJ \\<.It.:r am! dilute to I litre. SIII.,.talil }-i'fli/US . r;III/lOlIiulII Slt/plll/I!' .)·U{II!1'JII, appnnim:lldy U,15N. Di ,.\~,h..: ')1> II knolls ,ltlu1)oniulII sul[.llw rc (Fe( N II,US{),).,611,OJ ill JiSlilio.:.l w"I~·I. ,\JJ :?l) ml '·"''''''',(r:lled sulpfnuic ucid LlLSD,), ';0,,1 anJ dilute II' I Iii I..:. This sohuiou mUSI I,.;: standurdiscd <l!::aillsl Ihe pOI'I.~siulI1 dh:h'-l1 111.1\1.: daily. 4.J. I',-"c,·,III";·. 'I,J.I. S/wld<lf,f/.IlIlI,1II or /'('/'''',-, ;1"",,,.,,,-,,,,, S"II';""'·. llilul .. J.5 "'I ~1""J"..d Jkl"",,,;'le sol11tiUIl to abOUI 2511u;l. ;odJ 20 1111 cum:":l1lra(cd sulphud..: ;,,,;iJ :lllll alluw to cool. Tilra(e ,Igaillsl ,II..: r,~fI'UIlS ;lllllllLlUilllll slllphi.lh:. lhm;) :? Ul .1 ",,,ps (If the fcrroiu iIlJi..:;d"r. 1111 K,Cr,O, x U.lj ml F..:(NII,),tSO,), ·1.3.1. 11,·/h".1. I'I,I~''': 50 11,1 ~"l1lplc in lhe round b"lllllil lias!:. :IIIJ udd 25 uti "Iamb I'd diclu'runntc sohuion. Carefully add 15 1\11 ":lIlIL'Cllll',J1eu sulphuric al.:id, 11Ii."ill;; afkf each uddiriun. (("<III/hll/. The f\;IItIX mixture must be lhohlllglll) mi.;..:;,j bcfurc hcut is apl;Ii·.:,1. If this is not done, local hC:llll1g occurs JIl the IluHulIl til III..: llil",l, uud II,,,; mixture Il\<.l)' he blown out the side ;11111 uf rhc condenser). ,1,(/,1,'11 111l; nu",k to the COIIJ';:Il:>L'j" ;IUU reflux the 1I1i.~11l1;; I.... r 2 hUllr~. 1·IIlHj\.'~ :;,',llIules Of gl,,:.;:; beads sh"uld be aJJ..:U to 11\.: rctlux to prcvc.u IllUlllli,,~. (''lui ""..I lh"" ....·u~" ..J .. "" II... ".",J",,:,~,u \,;Ih "lJ.<,,,~ 25 ",I dblilk·d ,,:11 ..1". " 'fr.urstcr III": ,',llll":ll13 1,';1 j(IO HlII .• I, IIIlIe}.'1 11,,,1,. \I".JIIII~ "ui tfn- 1000lu\ Jl;L'J.: -11,1 j Ijlli":~ I\ill, di~lilkJ \\.11..:.-. I)llur..: rhc 1Ilidllll' [,I':IIIUIII J511rul itlill lil. OIl..: Ill": ":"~''':"S ,lidln':II,11": \1 illl ~1"'ld"lII rI:IT"IIS al,IIII<"li,1111 ~lllpll.Il'. lI~i,l~ Icnoiu IIl,k'"lur. Gcucrnlly 1 hI 3 drups of II...: indic.uor ':11''': It'lt:U ·lllis. however, ,kp":lllh "POII rhc iIlJi\idlJ.lI "" ••I)·)l, '1'1,..: ~,,,I"llr dl,:ul~c ;) ~ll."l', dl.II'I;;;"!; 1"1"" ., hlu..:-gIIXU HI "1..:ddbll·lJl"..:. rllt: ClIlHI,'illl. l"l\\''':\'CI". Ilill 11,,1 be a~ sharp as ill the .laIlJMdi.alioli til' 111..: I'caC":lIls be L',IlISC or .h..: 111\''':1' ;".:i-l concentration. For Ihis r~':lS,Ul il i-, 1I,,:"C:.~;IIl' IhJI II,,,: S;lIIlPJ..: 1><.: Jillll~J ," ':11 1,,:,'~1 350 1111 10..:1',",,: II,..: uu .. li"" i" "lHi,;.! !lU!. A hL",k ","";,111'1: "I' 'ill ,"l ,I",ill"d "",,," j"'.I ... I,d' ,I .., .".1'1.... "':J,:'I,." "ill, the I":':'!',,'" '. b .-..:1111\":.1 ill II,,,: ,';'111": 111':'"11":1'. " 1111 I'd.NII,J.(sn,). ,,,,,.I I;", hL,nk h Illl I ..:(NII,U:::iO.I, lI~..:d 1'0" ~;lIlljlk" I 5. iJe,,,,.lIIi/lilliOIl "j ('",,,,.i,I,·. ( N ( 1,1.. lid":":lJn..:..:li,m '1I~11 <..1.\ o,.!J. IS':": 4,).1 4.5./. RC<I!J<'IIIJ . .:l.5. 1.1. Sitvvr ,VII/',/I,'S"llIli,'II, a ppl'<I.' ill I:Jtcly O.lJ~HN. Diss"Jvl: ·Ui g ~ike" l1ill Jlc (A!:lNO,l in 0'1'; hu-e or di~lirh;ll 11,.,1<:'... lbillg It..; procc.nuc Jn~lih..:J b..:ltlW (-I.5.~.~.1. ~lalhl,lIlliSe ug;liml the Sl;lll,bnl ~'hllllill ,ld,llil!..: IN.11 1) ~"hlli,," 1'1,..: l','dll'- .',,' IIIl,: ,'\gNU•.,,,ltni,1I1 i~: \111 or Na{,1 ~"IIII"'II 1,,1.":1I 1Illl,f AgNO. sulntiun u"o..:d llb)"lI-c 50 g Ill' 1'0laS,Ium Au,J ~ih..:r uurntc lU produce u I l..::Isl u\t:r·lltl.:ht. lih..:r and 4.51 ' 4 5.U. .:I 5.fA, SI"II.!",.,! S,,,!;,,,,, (h/,,,i./,' S,'/lIlioll, O.OJt;N I)i.,,,,l\'..: [(, ·Iflh I; ~"Jiu,n dd,llide (t~aClJ. ll",,:c! bj'l'\lsilll; ill ')I>ll ('1'" r : hour. ill 5(WI,lil di~!ill..:.1 \\Jlcr. I'il'"~' jtl,fl +1,1 I,' "">1 IiI'",. 1,:,,<..'1, rill "I' lhi" ~"I",i,,,, ~',,,,I.,;,,~ r ,",; ..t ..:hlpl'iu..:. Potussisnn Ch,.o"",f.: ill,linlt"r Svlmloll. cluuutu I..: 0<,(' r0,) ill a lillie Ji~lillcd w.. tcr. a l>li~hl red Pflxil'il;ll..:. Afler il 1I..s stood dilute tuuuc Iirrc Ilill, di~lilkd Willer. .,III/IIIII1/'IIJII Ih,k",li,I,' Su.,p,·lniOIi. Diss"I\'c I~j g p"l:I)'""O ur :1Il1l1llJ niuru :dlllli in one hire llf uislill..:J 11.. rcr l'r..:dpil.'le Ih..: nluuunium by aJ,Jiu(; :lllllllOlliulil II)"uroxiJo;: ~lo\\'l)" alld \\'il h slinil1J;. ,",'ash lhe pr..:..:iIIIlJIC by ~ucl·..:"i\\· dccantunun willI IlllnlcrqH~ porncns 01 dlSl,lkJ I~JI..:r UHlll f rc'l: fr011l chlor ide. I 5. ,5. Pltc'u"',JlIII,,/Il'i1l t",Ii,,,,fur Sv/miUIi. 500 ml or crhuucl al~u adJ 50(J 1111 Dissolve 5 u or ]lh":II"II)IIIIi.:,I~·in in or diSliI!..:.! wurcr. I hell :lllJ (u[:N ·U.I.7. jllll,'/Unt' .....ul, I 70, :.IppluJ...iIll<ll..:J)' O.Jl'-l. S,I,(ill'" UI"(I''',I";'''', :.I1)I)fOxinwld)· U.jN, Dissdl\'..: -I ~ of )"dilllll II)JI<I ...id..: (NaUIJ) ill :!O(j IlII distlll..:d water. I.5.:!. /'1 "l·,·rllln'. 4.5.1.1. 4.5.2.2. ('rc.1i,·Ulllw,1I o] SWlIl'lc. UlI-": IOU 1111 salllr,k Of a suitable uliquur diluted III lOU ml. If \111: stuuplc i) coloured, dccolorisc hy adding 3 ml :.Ih.llllillillill hrJnn;ilk susp":llsi<ll1. Slif lhoroughly ami, ufter a fe\1 minutcs, filter and wash .... itll III·J' 1111 <iblilkLl \\,;111..:1. "l'uf</li'lIJ.. ,- Lither u wlllic porccluiu JllI-h, or all Erlenmeyer flask over iJ II/rile surl'"...'!: )!Jvu)J be used. Adjust the s.uuplc wilh uuhcr dilute sulphuric ncid or )".11111\\ hYUl(lxiJc S{l that it is jl,st cclonrtcss 10 p!lcnu]llhlh'llcin. AJJ t ,,,I pojl"~"j,,," ,·h"''''I'''I" ",,!L,lion Tilr"'l" willi )ih-cr nitr-ate ~nl"lillJl until il ":Ullltif dl,lIl~C from pure yellow 10 pinkish-yellow is perceptible. The illl];":,llol' blank )houlJ be determined by lilnuil\l: distilled wurcr in nrc suruc WlIY, This blank. )howing the cud-poiut colour ahouhl be placed Ilcal' the snutplc Ix:in~ titl'illcd tu ;ti,1 ill lh~ ,1":leLlI"I\ or lh~ ~"II<lIJr dl:lIlg~ al me cnoscn <.:J1d-lh1illl. 1.5.3. (.II,.,dal;OI1. ( ·hlorid..: a)(·] 111 Ill!;il where I: 5. ~------- .. . AgNO. fit..:hlr lJdcflnil1..:J ill -1.5.1.1.) 5.1 ...1"I'w',UII.,·, 1""-·\lb"I,,r ,II' W<lI..:1'I111111 ":;l[l:lbk or 1I1.IIIII;lIlUlIl::I h.:11I1>,;ralur,; or 27 (' ·1 01 II". S.!, H.'u!:"'tf!'. 5.2.1. raft/,Hitttu !',·Immlg"m/I,' SO/lilian, uppro ... im;lIdy N{MO. -- II is 1l:;II,dly ,,:ollv,;lti":JH 1,1 pr":IWI'; 10 lilres or lhis r..:a!;clIt 011 a lime, ;,IUU by a mClhml «llidl ';11)UlC) ~I.,bi'lly v',,, 11m!> 1.... ,i,H b. L:,,,,, d""• .l"ily lot,,"!.. d,;t", ll1il1ali,lllS SllllUIJ be made to check the )lrcnglh, When lhe r'lllowing method is "::ll"erully followed and the solutiou stored ill umber bon I..:) or ill the dark , it IS stable for several months. I)i,s, ,Iw ".11L: 1)'II:Jssillni 11Crmllnl,l",nalc{ K ~.lnO,l in I litre ,If hnr disrill"u witter ';'llll,liIlC,J in 01 large h":;Ik..::r cuvcrcd with a dod; ~fass. pr..:{er:Jo/y Il"::;lIill g lh.: solution IU 90·~5C 1~lr ~-) IIl1Ur). nihil..: tu 10 ]iH.:S with Jbtilt..:..1 wutcr and sd asiu..: fur several JilYS ill the dark 10 ":1l)UII: ':Olllpl..:l..: u ... iJali'JI\ ,If any organic rnaucr '!lIU 10 allow lilly precipitated muugaucsc IHu~ilk 10 scutc. Ca,<;ClIlly de .... "l VI );l'hvlI vrr Iho.; )111-"'",..1"111 lillUid, :.tvllillillg dislur!J:lIIc..: of sediment. Alleltl:.lIi\'~ly, filter the solution lhroul:(h a )iIllCH:d glass funnel, rhmugh glass wool or IhrOIll;h usbcsros fibre pre yjulIsl)· diY":~fCU willi flilli...: and IIrJmc!IJori.: ;/t"it!s ;11I,) lht'l) lJwrOlJgJ,J> WiJ"h..:d with "'OIIl.;r; ,Iv /JIll /i/I<'r If,,'vul:1r /)'//""/". I)u)l or orguuic IHIJII,;r' IUlI)1 11"1 be nllowcd 10 contnnunutc 1110.: solution. 13 tI T'~·1Iql! ,I:'lp'\". 1'~Il!r·!1' J" WI fKll :'Ill!"'! I'Iq 'ld,ul~~ :>'11 11l0'II!" :'lII1P~:'I\ld ;'lltll!~ :'1111 :itl!",\ lII'!II!lllllll:'lI:'\P 'ItIl'ltl r. "'Vifin!I"II'I~ .l:"IJI· 11.1""') ,("111 IF'!'I II ~~:lU:lI'lq .\111! :"'PH;';! ['lit: ~1I!;'I,'dr<:!p 1'"1 J1\lIll1:'1 :'111111 :l'1l !'lllil :l11!JlI.1. "lIl1!Wt1!l :lll1.1" I'll;"! :Ufl "1'1l!\\tll llllllllim 'P"'l' 1'" l ;I"!I'l'" ""'!'''I''S "ll:\ldl"~"1\1i n~IN 't'!" .(1·~1"!1'''''''''! "I'l.•]!, 1U!'!1lI ,':'lUI: rill! 11011l1ln<; ;'l1'!11111 ;l'1l .10 pu ~ 1'1": <:',11I"11 ",,;II.!\' ·.1:"111~lH PJIlu,,,I<n<: 'plJlII ~tl!nl1,n ;l"hlll~<: :'1l1l-'! ,lIlt~1J :"I)P PI,P: qU"lun." :l'll :ill1\!lH:'U 'IIlnp,'lt!lI :>JI111:.I;-\1I11;'11-111l!1~\11l;l,: "! :l1l!:l':ld .(<1 ,,",<lI1 l' .10.! .) Li::.I" a.uun JJl,hll:"ll: I'! "!':111!"'\1 ':>11)'''1 :'I'll J" 111'111:1<'-' :>]1\!:';'i Jq ·<Pll'!p....IlI1It! X!Hl pill: .,.tlUI~ :lIp .In pll (XJI PI'Y "1I"!11110<: :'JlI~:l1~:i\lI~IlI,I;X1 IIlI IIi: AlI;'l'~)(;'l PIll~ P!;'ll~ ""IUldl'" ,~ll\llP 1111 01 ;"I:-I~ld :"lllOq l',~.l;'l,ld(lI~-~<:I~I~ "/" i: I IW,~P 11 nllli ""m(M/I' "" I' I~l'''' I! ""~I'" mIll" "II"'''''' I"" ''! "'1"'1"1""""1' "'1',11 """IIIl"I,'ll1111l1 :-l!'.111l puu 'F'Il~I~ !'I"~ '!':'IIP1!;l1 <:1 .I1lt'1".' \'\1:,II<;:-P!,ll~ 1111111 WlIIII"'1'IlII'IJII\\ ;l11~.;1!1 PIII~ I'll ()fIt" - ,II; ! 01 ;111111' '<:"11111~\\l) ,H1J i·lr.r ~Ill II! :'1""1.1 'llll!1ll10S :"11~Hm,nl:-!1' I'n'rHl',<: Ilil Ili: '(1'.'\:"(" (q 1':'1 1'\°11".1 PPI~ ,,,mlltl,n, (, ! I 'HI 111 ppn '.1;"1]1:,11 1':'11111"1' 1111 00;1"001 qll'l "I"'l1,1:'1,(:nllll:'ll'] ur III ,'11'1" Il 1'1<"-1 ,':'11.1 II :-11 "r!I'''! 1111l1"I!t",1 Jll ~ i"rl'!:'I1l'I"'''(n.1\ldl~ :'I'I,"'I( I 'Imlllll"S .llly/dlll·"."1 t. 1111I1/"'(,,' I;' 11"./111.1'1/'''1'/'11I'',) Tn: "ITS '.1,"'1'-'-"'-'" T'S 'r;"l,n'lbld "JlI~:'IJI p;l<;11 r-q l'I"0l[S lln!ll1ln<; :"'I.l ';l'" :'1·1<'.1;'1(11(1(\,' "I .l\1'11'~ pm! ':'Illlll!1lI I ,1I'.1 1"'11 'f1Il!J.I!l<: I'" ,:lIn.' '1'1 II J;"II'~" 1';l1l!'~!1' :111!1!'''lIO ;'1,1]11 I Olll! II ,mo,' 1""' .I;l'I'\1 r:'lflll~!p rim :l111!1'! 1111\\ :l1<:I~tI 'pnnlll<: I! 01111 'P";l~ :'lrql1r"~ ~n:J I P"!-l~) ,... "flrll/S ';lIlIO'1 <:s':I:1' l;lq\l"~ lll~ "! :",Il'll~ pun ,1:'I1r.,I\ '" llU {)Ol "! :'I['!PO, 11111!~""I~ltld ~ 01 ;'I"I()~~!(j 'IIOIIII!"S ,'/'.If"'IIIWp,I'I'IIIJ ',1;lI':,\\ ":"11!1<:!!, .10 PHmln,~ (, >'1 1'!.-'1~ :"!,1l1l1"1"<: P:'lll~"lll:",'"l1;'1 JO ~llUlln" r [,pi! m'l 'r~"i:'~) tI! en :'I.ll!,l:'o.I.1 '(,' r "',"'r ,'.IIIIIld/IIS'J11I.'O ';'l.lI1I~!llI )\11 "II"!1 111!d lll:'llll'lII,l;>d ,11l1~J I~ :'1\1:'1 "I l1o!lnl<l~ :'I1I!lId'III:1tu;x1 OlliN HI;>!:, '!lln< I'PI' ';hll"(!llIP1JV 'sp,<::'1,\ SS'~I:1.1" :1l1q:"~.f:'l ;"olp pun <:!'!:ll:.I0 :111!II!d<: t'lIl1'fi,~ 1I~11'1 ""I 1'11I"11~ Sll"!1Il1:,':'Iltl pur. "S:·I,~(l.Td :'IlJl II! l':'>l'~.l"lI,~:l SI 1I~:'I11 '1'1\'1'1 ',-.",,, ,Ill S;lllm,<l,1 ( n, l'p\~ :'l!J"'I(llns fl:lI'~,111I:'1"'''':I jo ;lWIlI",\ I ','!IIII I~ II~ ':'IJ1Illll~lIb IP!llIS ·'\I<:l1n!lll1~., 1'1''9' - T ' I '/',"'V ",I,fI"ldl"S "'/1'/.'0 ':l.ll!! I "I :'IIIIIIP 1'1Il~ ,I,'lr.'1 r"ll!t~![1 III ('()'.I,)'~) :"l'~I""l1P!!' 1I11l1SSl"lnd I':'I!,'I' ,(I'IU1! 1:'1,1' I :I r I-r(' :'I\ I' '''''! { 1 'oll/N '''',Iml"Y .1IIm""II/-','( f II"'.'-''.\'' 'I",I P,"'I ''''''s ',\,,1' ,~tp ,I" I''!" :'I1[11'~ ;"o1t:'lllHl :'lIp "! :I"!"!"lIl:'1,1 H"ll"I"" .~III: 1'-""~"!1' I'IW J:..loI"I' -':'11)'1'" l~ Ill!" ;"olll"t] ~s,:t:l ,I:'III"I'~ '11: tI, ;lJ(\IS 'SI1:',':'II'" 1II""I>;l,I.r I~ ~'~""'''I'11' l,m!'''''''''1 1~lnl~:l.~ !I;"oS!I'I"l'll"'S ""I I'I'''''IS t! 11lI1 ;"olt11:1~ "Iql~ lInw," '! "'''1111'''<.''11. ':'Ip.pn! '!.In:'>':'I'li Rill 01 .'0 It,,IOI<l,Il'IlP 1'" I :'llllprr. ""'1"" l'''n!l r , l' I'''I'''''~ I'''''!''I!'''I (1'1""'.1 •... ,'.1 ''''<1.111-.1'"\\ ;"o1'!1 I 111 ""!Illln~ l"l(ll< .In III' (Ill! ;l111[l{1 'ofl/N "",II"I'"'S ::11' '(10 If '·'/11'1"/1/1""'11 1I/11!!",!; ';'I<n ,~lI',r:'lll s("p !I~':'I\,"" ,rnJ Pl1l"~ 01 ,\I','IlV '1I"!II1I"S ;l'P ;lS!pqr.lS (1, 'fl'P"1 :l~m"I:'I'" :\11' (11 .10 111.1°.1°10111-' [Ill I ~1I!1'1"! .l:'lI1~" P:'lll~";J!' l"I"P.~ "Ill; !';'II'''q ,(111"",1 ';'I:'II.f-I:'Idll",',1" :'I.ll!1 I "! IO'II~ "CfS-":N) :"1'~\ldlll~"Pll 11111I1"1' ,I" n ,'Ir :'I"I'\~~!{I 'R/N '11'lllI111'S '1,~'\IS ·''''''I''II/'''~''''. I/m.r!lIt,\ 'R'L'~ "L'L"~ "(rl"S' '~"'n 'tTS' T'l'S' 'l';:'~ ""',, IIZ\',\\<:.-1Il !>1In'''I, \ ~ t. ·,'/""I",i"". ··(l,)!:,,:,, "[h,,r!\;,;d' ill 1111,;./1 \1 here a " (;J - hI llillhillMllph;,IC lI~eJ fur blank. 1Il1 Ihio~1I1I'h;11C ,,,;cd hn' ';Il11pk s.. 1), 1I1!~IIN.-\1I0N III TU'LII. /JI.'SlJl.VLlJ SUUllS. J'[;lli,,,,,,,, ruck c l ,,,- ~ili<.:a Ji,lI 11'11;.;1, I",S b"CIlII";,I,,J .u 1110'<" I"uf I hour, c",,~·.;,i lll:~ '\';ii<':<':Clhll ,HIJ \\'dghcJ .1<.:C\\I'~I\dy. 6.2 .l/C/Ii",'. I-I"n; l"'" .Ii,,], "',,,,' "1",,'11I"'" in" .nu",i-L>,,,I,. (.",--,,,~,,,,, Holum", VJ' ~,"I)l''''' h"m 5l)-:!.~O ,,,I lh;p<.':llIlilll; en llle eUI''':Cllll';l\i''ll qf lUI;\t wli.j~, ;.lI\J mil il uuo a gl;IS~-SII,pp..:rcJ gf;J{!tl;JILJ Ilask. (Ill..: ~,ullph; ,I",,,IJ Jirst be Jihcr..:J III1"lIl~h \'1'1,;,1111;111 No, -12 filter paper iril is lurbiJ.) .-\111",,( liIIl',,,: ""apulal;lll! -:Iisll Willi it 1',,"'lillll uf II,c s"",,,I,, "lid ",1,,:1, 1I,i-, !lUr[i'll\ !le,,; <.:\ ;I\1uI;III:J II) dr)'llc~S add ;. further [lUfli'lll "ud so ou unu! 1110.: \Ih"k S;lIl1r,!c has bL'Cl1 Iralls[..:rrcd III the d"lI. '-illaUy rinse out the lIa,/" "iell" few Illi ufJislilkJ waterand uJJ tlli~ III Il,c dhh. \YI,CII <';\\I;ll'!cldy dl-y, .... ipe lho:. uu\siJe >\\11.1 I.la..:...: ill ~\\\ I>VCI\ al Uill C 1,,1' ~ hours. remove lu ,I uesio.;..:alLlr ;lUU Ild1,:11 uucr ;111 IIIlel"val uf between 5 all.! J(J lIIilllllcs. The increase in l\ci1,:hl reprcscnrs eli..: weight llf ::iOI!J~ III (hc '1IlIlple 1;I~ClI. 6.l. (·",/,'Il/"li"". 'l'.,t;,1 di " .. ho.:J ".lid, ;11 ItiOC ill 'lI!:/J 7. J)I,ll.ll~JJN,\J1"N \11' SU~I'I.r-UI.II S'IL11I:>, 1.1. .1/'/"I!'II/II,\ SIIlklCJ glass crucible, Pyre;;, {if;lJe 2 [avcrugc purc Jialllclcr -iU.(,O mi<.:,.,IlIS) W"sh it wclI with dislillcd II;Hcr. Uf)' the crucible Oil 105"'C fur 2. h~lur" <1[" ~\l\\il Ihe weig.ht is cOll ,L.lIll, ({Il,l in ;1 dcsi":C:Ulll' aml weigh ~IL'Lllf"ld)'. 1.2. ,1t.'dlU". U."e :!UO \\\1 <.If Ill..: ~mml~li,l-. Wilh sununcs (:ullluiniJll; ~uJic.llllallcl' ill very tine susp.::nsi"n where the silliered gluss is liublc \0 become "choked" it mOl)' l~ udvisuhlc lu subject lin: saunuc (0 u preluuiuary ..:ell[rifuyiIlY ull[i] the solids suntc out. USilll; gcurlc suction, Iihcr lhc suncruutant poruou or the Si.ll>ll'\c ,1lI1\ lill"lty Inuafer ill! the sun.pte to lhe Ille",. using I1bliJlcl,l \\;H..:, fur rinsilll: the S;Jl\lPJc beaker- or lhe cent drug.:: lube, if used. Dry [Ill; crucible ul JOS'C for 4 hours. Iransf..:1' 10 ;J Uesi..:calIJf fur JO minutes HllU weigh. The increase in w..::iJ,;ht will be the v.ci£,ht o{ "\l!>~I'IJ.:u ~.lljJs. IS SI.\II,II.S "1: sw., I.II..-\1'.U ] \ ("I"lI/"limr wd;,dH <II' s"liJ·, 11/ 1Ill,:' I )JD,) I). 1)I"r:~rrN,lrr('N (1/- S'J/lll·~I. 6 I, .1/)/lIln,llli. , ', . , 'IJlll,,; p!l"l<"II":I~'I. ~.2 I, lU:.2. :>.3. ,1I"tlm.!. SI/IIlof'iJd So,lil/llf Soil/II,'", 01))011\,\, 2.5-113 ~ III JI) )udiuw.:hluriJe (Nat Jl (.Hlal)'lil',d 1..:;1;;..:111 qllal"r) ill dl\lilkd '\all'l alld mnk c lip to In line. filL; ~,dllli'lil ":"lll;lins 1.0 11l~"rs"dilllll (N;l) p<.:r lujUili,I,". "~"l' fur phkr":lllt.: in " 11<,1) 1I,..:11..: bOil!':. J)jh.j.: as r,;'lui, cd (UI u,c. SodiuJil /~,,"i,lIi"I' 11,,(1;.,.. ... l)i~lil,ku water flUbl bC·SIIt.:l:cs,ilc!)' saturated :1IlJ lihcicd I,illl UII:r1j'li":;lll'cJgClll qU:.JlllY chl.uidcs Ill' calcium, pOlJ))iulll Ul1ulll;lgl";.>lullI. I'ttll il1,II'Ut.:(i"'IS ,h"uld be \;ilJcll b)' lhe makers til" rhc insjrumcru 1I>Ct.l, bill II,,,: r"II"v:il1(; arc pouus ,I,al ~h"lIld be I'ani..:ul;lll), .. ",,,:<1. Tuc iIIS~lIllllo,;l'l i~ II\cd h.!' 1:1111'p;rli~"ll all;,i'lsl 1,111'1'11 ~IJlhl;lrJ) from wl.i cII.l l:'llilJr;llj"ll nUT": is j)l..:par..:u mcr a rall:;o,; widdl m:ly, fur c~JIl1I'I~, be U hi 100 mg per 11("0,;. 1'11": sumplc ha~ (0 be diluted us Ill;":C.>SM) r',l[ it> ":0111<;111 "f sllJilllll hI rail wnhin 11,0,; rcquin;d ""II:;":. A( Io..:;l~l <1'10.; ,lall,I.lIJ shmlld be "lhC"'c,l ever-y ';111": rne j""'III11<..:nl is "10<.:1';"0.;\1. Tile al1~IY'1 should salbfy lriUbdl", hy the the of a sutliciciu nurubc r ur ~laIlJarJ~, lh~( (he r'-'l'flldu<.;il,ililY ,111<1 ",,;,.: ... mc·y "r rcsuhs 1;ilJ..:11 hy the p:lrlklila r ill,;ll'lIllll:l1l is s"li,fat.:l"ry [,ulho,; purpose r"'lllif J. S. ,fl !fl",,, 0" ."lk'" "" .. ,': "j' I" ,~,iul,: ,'"", "".i"", j, ,,' I,> I ,·"c·.... ~ •,r' ",Ji",,, ~huul,ll)..: 'II "id",1. 1.111111 III' the 1,1.1i.,1I,1l1 l>ull"cr should II\: OIdd...:d I» 15.0 nil of ~'''lIl'lI; and ,1:lI1t1a,'ds lu 1"-"1,: I II": Ink, fCI..:nt.:c rl'dlll ""lkIUIll, 1'''1.,~~iHIII :111,1 'lI<i!;H~~iUIl\ 10 a ";"II~,I;f1l1 10..:"";1. t>.-L t:"I'ITJ',"ilJl/ III N,'wh", '11;0.; I",~ull~ should be eXln<..:~.->t:J:.J~ rl)!I,)\\ s: S,Il!illlll as N;J in Illgll. 9. J. Slll/lldilll:. CI~r..: should Le taken that \11": sample is rcprescntativc. ::;'III\\Il..;-; should be 1;,1-.0,;11 ill clean, gl'''S·,I,lPllCft:U bouks, pr":l·itlu,ly wash..:d wllh ,;,III.:nl and uir-dricd Lctorc usc. 'thc h,m!..: ,llulIlJ lh;t he l:ulH!'kldy IiIkd, ;u a l\l~s "I' 1l1l;ui'll,: "il 1\I"y occur ill sl"ppo.;rlllg. I( is aJli;;Ihk (,l culled lhc ,k:~il'<:<1 (!U:m1i1r l ..[ ) ••lIIpk: ill un m'l·r.,u",d 1>0HI<: I/!al /1;1' 1"",<i(IIJ.,lr b"",', .",,,'1.,,.1 ." II", ,)"I:.id" :>1 II,,, d",.i,·"d ""I"ll'''. 1<. N \ 1111\1 Itl \"l'IIU,S: ,1\,1 ~jil:Jh7t1' , i ! .) r!''''~T. S:lIl1pk~ "huuhl he 'lIl:.dys..:d :l~ ,;,,"11 a~ jlll.~",l>k at'l..:l' "lllllplin~, since fll:ury, ,ib ;md IIj'Jn""·,,,·lulII. ;11'<;1/I;jl.~.;.II,)" hilL"I." ;;1. If Sh ll.,!,,": is thl;l\'l,i<J;d,I", II"..., .s 1111 I I I "IIII'I,I,li...· "c id p\:llit I..: 0 I" illl,illil h,I,,'I..:,I:lf "":1 i, "I. S.:paf"1 ill~ tuuncl, or upproxuuatcly I w" Iii ...:); t.:'l1·mcil y, w ilh no-lubri c::ll i.!H ,.I .. ,,,., .....L. "r wi! II "II 1'1'''::1,,>' llllll'i,':"'h '-L'IlI", ,'.1 r." "" 11.... L!,· ..",,-l !lb~~ ~ll. "l~~~~. 9,~, li",,);,·I/I,.. ,) 1.1 , ') L:!. SII/I,III/fit- .ic«! (IISO ,), II I, /'",,.,,1.'1111I Ub,T. b.,i Iillg p(l;'l1 J5" I" 60 C, Dllilil ut [,,;;bt twice ill an :111-1110.1.,,, app:H"llI~, Ji"'l:"rding the 101",1 10 per ~'I:JlI rt:ilI;lj,IIJl!:: in file /J;b); ill I:<H:!, Ilj~1 il/'II io«. Tilt: 1l:~;,Il/C lilt '·I'ill)OI-.:II;Of/ "hlluld be I..:~s Ih;ltl 0 I mil] igl <IIII pCI' lOll l/lillilll I'\;~. I'la..:..: II u: \1<.:lI-IlII}\CU sample, lI.,;uallr I Ii1/\':. ill a ".:par'lli Il~ rlllll1c1 0 ;l1'll 'Ki.lify w it h 5 IIII SlIlphuriL: aC:ld per litre. AJd -10 III I jl<,;lroleum ct her II t Ill"; ;b~r.;ll'~'tiu~ rUtH h;1 ~h.:J l jUt; \'ienn)\f~I) f. ~.- J IU.llllt..:~. A lJ~l"I"" lll~ ~~ licr );/, ....1' '" \<.'1/;/1':( Ie, \Iillltil'il II' 11t~· ;14'fC(lIl,~ p",';i<lll "I' II rc :;;(111I'll,: ill Iv a d.; :111 l:,,"l;l incr :rml I rnnsfcr the sotveur I"ref into <l clean, \\dglu.:d ,Iislill ill~ ll:lsl. "::II",I,k Ill' III ,hl;ll~ al t.:'lsl Ihr~~ vnlumcs ,If sIll Ic .. 1. II" clear ct h..:r 1,I)..:r t.::lllll"l I....: .. hi a jnc U, Iilief Ihe su IIen I luref i111" 111..: \IC il;lh;U J ist iII i11~ It,,; t.. ll.,-dllg" a (.mlld \:Illll:l ining all cll,..:r·nll1islcll..:J \\'halillall No. .:JU ("I' cquivalcut) tiller [lapel'. Usc a.,; £111<111 ,I flllllldilHU liltcr as practical. ArlCI' all the ether fr,IIl1 the two exI f'H.:1 ions und rhc final rillsing is included, \\'<lsh ')'''\'u 11,,-' (1I11n.:! ;llltllil,a P:'1u.:r twice l~ill/ ('~'sll 5 fill ;1li.:n:Ok:II{S of p..:tw/":· urn ether. Ih:IUI'Il l[;c ~alllplc 10 the ,;..:p.tnlljll~ [uuucl, rillsi,,~ Ill<; \:(lllrai'lcl' II ill, 15 IIII ct her. ..\<JJ Ihe ether w:!lohillgS nuu all ;r<JJil;"llal :!'j ml <:111<:,- 1\1 ,I,c ""[lnlal ill!; 1'11I'llCI, ;I!HI ;1!::il;J(C fur iwoll'..:r l11liIHllc~. A 11"'1' t hc SlIlY":1l1 1:lya 10 scjuuutc, <Ilid Jist.:,ud lhc at'U':l!ll~ phase, ..\.1.1 11,... '-" Jl~'r ...... I)';1,;1 jill/Ill II Ie w<.:igllcJ U1.,;1 il fi Ill: llask , "II <J 1insc 111..: .,;<.:1\;1, ;11 ing t"1I1111d \Iilll ~n IItl ..:11,..:1'. AdJ II..,: ..:1 her "'ll.,;hiHlJ I(l Ihe w"i~heJ ,lislilling Ilask, Dislil ull" all hUI appruximutcly IU nil 01' Ih...: <.:tIl':" extract, t..':<:llillg III': scour..:c \,1' Il<:;ll llt ulloul IU"C. Th<.:n lIi"CllJlH":l:1 eh.:: l:\llltkn...cr, :lnu upil oil' II,,:: ICI1l:Jillilll:: Si.lI\'cnI al 111..: samc !c:1l11k:r:llltrc. Dr)' Ih..: nilS!.:. "II :.l w"h.:r-hal h. CUIII ill if tksi..:calur 11I1U weigh. '.6. (',l/flr/"liol/. 'I to\; lul,ll b:llil ill l\dgl'l 01' lit..: \1..:i~lil;J !laSh I...,.,;" I he t.:alc"lIIJlcd 1,,;~idIB': I'HIlII ll,c S\,I\'l:lll, as u.:lcrJnincl! uy I h<; d i.,;1 ill;t1 i'lll or C\'J]JUl al illli \If :J mC<Isti 1'<:,1 qU;IIlI;IY. ill([ic:J1CS IIlc :J mounl "f CXlI :u;lcd """p, oil or I;rC:l~'" III lilt; II ;,Icr ";:lII'plc. 17 S""ll, grease, 1'1' "it ill Ill!;; I. .. 1111 s;ulIl'k IU.I , 1<l:<I!;<'IIIS IU.I.I. ro.r.z. 10.J.J. lU,J..l, 10.1.5, 10. J.(,. 11'.1.1. 10, 1)"'I.lI~IlN\II"J', ,,. I{ISltJti,\1 ('111'''(1,'''1. Ihc Jel<:f1l1iIl0l1;,1I1 of I'll:": (j'!<lIil\<: ~hutlld be ~alll"J tlul ,lSSnUn us p'h~ibl..: ;,11..:.- ll,,,: 1;,,11..:<:1 i' "I "f the S:lf"pk. I'o'm.\illil/ Jv.li,I" S"IIII,,"' . . - I)i~s"h..: 50 Ii "I" J'"I;IS\llIfIl h,did..: \1'11, fret fhUll i"Jill": uud i.uhuc, ill I liuc df fl..:~IlI), b"il<:J ,'Ild ",,,,,I..:d di~lilkd 11~.cr, Sodilllll JltilJ,llIll,hllll', Slue" :-"t1ulillll, U.25N .. - lJinull..: (,2,4 I:: sodium lhillsulph.,l..: tN,I,S,(l" 511}') ill J litrc "I' ..:"pp<.r-fl'<:<:, fr<:sltly b-uikJ and cooled disliJl..:J water, aJ..Jiug I url dll"lol','rlil '" IU illS III<:r<:uri..: i,'JiJc to slauilis..: the sohuinn. AlIuw lu ,1nlld Icu- SC\'':I.,I d:l}' 1l<:1'f1C usc. Sodium 1hiu~l/lph,I/(', O,O!5N. -- Ijihnc 1lI0 till of Sit.,," S"hlli,," tu I lure Wilh copper-free, freshly builcd allJ CO'lkJ Jislill<:J \I:ll.:r, .ahlinl: I mt chJ,,,·,,f,,,.,,, ,,,. lU '"~ Ill",·.,;;,,, i.,;; j",JiJ". "'l,i~ s"l",;"" ;s ,<."~,,,,;,lJly ~,,,bk' !:JUI it shuuhl til; sl;llldanlis<.ll agaills! pU(;lSsilllll di..:h.uul;lh: :.11 rll'4uenl intervals, Store ill al .... m!-, g];l>S tllllll..: I, uh ;t lhhh<:,. ,1"1'1''':' .IIIJ di"ard '1lI)' ::.lllllli"l1 n':Jll;,.illlllg ill the burette uruc o.:lId of the day. S/,m"""'/ ""I<lSli",,, Ilie/II'"",,,/,, S,I/lIIi"lI. U,1l25N. Ill',s"II': 1.2:!6 I plo.:\iuusly ul'i.:J Ihlirbitlill di..:luolll:Jl.: (1-.:,(·I,U.) 111 dislill..:'! 'lakr and Jilulc 10 I IiIrc. SIIIII.llln/iJ,lIi'"1 1'( U.U:!5N .s"diml/ nli.,~uIIJI",/,· S"I"/I,'II. Dis\\.ltc appUP;illHlldr 2 1> I'lllassiUlIl ioJid.: {K I) free rl "Ill i",bL..: ill an Erlcn IlIC}Cl' l1asl wllh Il)\J - I ju Il,1 Jlsllllo.:u IHII":I', "dd Itl 1111 I I 'J ~lllpJulfJ": a~'ld folhlllcJ hy cxuctfy :!U.1I1 sl .."d;lrJ Jidlrumal<: S"hHi,"1. 1·1 ucc illlhc J"rk r\lr 5 lIli""1cs, lIilul..: 10 I 'fl' - ,Ill" IIlI all.! lill'''l..: 'lid, Illi'l\ulpll"lc uillill pate struw colour i~ 1<':.' hcd, &dJ surrch ,1.llllilrnlt: 1ll1l11l,;lll<lllllo.:SS. Jr,bt thi"sllIJ)hu1c i, 11<'1 c.,,,..-.fly lJ.(J:!51~ adjusl it UHlil il i,. Su.lilllll 'fhill.l/lllill/ll<". O.U05N. - l'il'..:ll..: 20 JIll "I' the sl;lll,lardi•..:J u.tJ!5N ,.)diutll Ihi"Slilphill": inl" a J(Kl JIll vohuuctr ic J!;,sk ami lll.. l..: 1Ij1 III lho mad.. Ililll JislilkJ wutcr. 'lhis suluuou should 1'1<: 1'1":1""1":.1 Fresh Jaily.1 1111 O. I78 Illg or ..:hl"rillc. S/(Jd I"di",' .':i,duliou, appluxilllal..:lr O.IN, - - 1'1;11:": .1\) g of Jlulimium iodide und IJ g rcsubluucd iodiuc togdh..:r ill;1 h,:al..:r and :lJd SIIl:111 umou II of wurcr, slirril1l> until "II rhc i,)dill": h..s teen tJi,,,.[lcll. TI'Hl~r~·J Ill' I-lill": na.,k .1lIJ dilul.: III the murk , !<u({I/t' lI"wkfllJ: SU/liHulJ, appfllXil1l;JI..:Jy U.UlJ)N. ~ l'ipdl..: !) 1111 III Ille iodill':' stock soluli,,,, iuto II SUO tlll lJtI~k ;lllli make up 10 the 111;11'1: \lith dislillt.:d water. Standardise nus solution iJgaillsl Ill..: U.lkl5N sudium llliosUII)!l ..uc ill the ullnn;J1 wuy, u:;illg slard. ill,li~·"ltlr. uud ":'lk"ulalc lilt Factor F, tnl :>uJh'lll lhio:;ulphalc F 1111 iodilll: " IU.LlI. IU,l.'). NAlUllAI. IUS\JUIIL!,;':: ,H..·J 25/191J7PJ ''>'/tfrl,. . t u'uul I l;. of sulubic ~l<lfdl iulu ,I ~I'l\lllill Il LSt..: with ,L Jill I..: ":IIIJ JIsli[kd \\"~lh:r ,11:>1 pUUl jl i,l"; I lil,-.: ol" b"ili"l.:" Ji.slilkJ wutur with ":,lll>lalli stillilig. llllil fur l tuinutc, nnd ulluw loJ \;'hll bcfurc LIS":. Tuc s"lulnlll used should be freshly pr cp.ucd. .·k<"lu/, 11:1(1" .. Soliffi""' pI j 4.0. - . Drssotvc J-Ih II :llIh) Ihous ,udilllll uccuuc III ·\(10 ilL! dislilkd wutci , auJ -IItU b glaL:ial a<:di,; ,,,.:l,j ;LIlJ Jilul.: I" [ Iurc 1\1111 ,jhlill..:d w'll ..r. 1'[;,,,;..: S U Illl of U,UOSN s lJiul\\ 1I1IU\(lll'huIC III U tlask , AJJ,$ 1111 of [l"l:j~sillill iodide solution and sUllil:leul acct.uc butler sululillil ro reduce Ihe 1'1110 lJ<.:1\~":""I, 3.5 ;Illd ·L2 (i.ljlpru>;.in\>Lldy III 1111). ['Ullt" ill 1,000 1111 uf the S;Lllipl.: 'l:l.1 1111.\ with a slinlllg rud. Jusl pl'iuj" llJ !ilralillil Idl/l U,(J{{jN i,>.Ii"", ad..! 5 ,ul "r ~l'HCh ""I<nj,,,,. T;I,-"I" wi'h i"d'"". 1',,,,,, " ",i..:,''' h.uvrrc , lu 1I.oC 1i1':;1 appccruncc uf 1,1,,0..: culour. 10.3. ("/,.,t/,,Ii,,". lA - Ul·J x U.I-tll )\ 1,1 UO R....siJual c/JJur;ll.., <!~ Cl in JIl,o,:/i .... ------ ----. rill of sillllpk A 1111 Ill' 'O.jiUlll thiusulphak ad •.kJ to sauinlc II ,,,I "I i"Ji"., u •.,u ill 1"r:lliu". I' fa<;I," I·'ll" iodine solution. lJ.L N"{IJ,"·lIh. II. L I Lli,:{1/ J\"j~II".I/1II1l Ox/d,'. ILl 2, SU/[III/Irif ,·kid, ~>;'ih:lly j,CtJN Itl~Ol' 11./.3. Su!,4/f11'/,· !n-". U,OlN. - Oilul!: 20.0 ml of l.ooN SlllpllU,io,; aeid lu I.U lilL,·, I 1111 (J :?IJ 1lI~ niuogcu (N.j. 11.1..1. U,nit" ..Jd,1 S"IUli"u. -- Dissolve 411l; b'lJ'i..: acid U l)lO.1 ill I lill e unuuouin fl<:': dislllt..:d water. [1.1.5. Jodie,iI'''' Sp/li/ioll. - Dissulve (J.2 &; o( ur<JIlIl,H:resul grceu allU U.U-l I.; U( 1ll"1I,)1 I..:J III 120 Illl of ~5 per cent ulcohof. T:jl; .... ~tiO Illl- ur sample l.liIUl.:u l(J 500 'I)J "ilh ;'IIIIIIUlli..I'l'I"I:: l.l;slill..:u W'I(o,;r. If t l•..: sampl.: is ucid or VClY nlkuliuc Ill::ulfalise il 10 a pi I of 'lI'I'PJxi· m,II,:I)" 7. ;II,d IheJ1 ad<J 004 b of 11l.q;llesillili \lxiJo..:. The ll1i"\IIIC is shakcn a'lu di.'lill"d us Vi~'11"usly as possibk h'lfll " I lill<: Jislill"liml {ta~/.:. liH..:J \\ilh a Spl:l:;l! II.:atl uud a vertical pyrcx ":Olldcll,,;:r into 50 1111 uf boric acid S"hlli,," TIle Jislill:l\io]\ must Lc continued IIlllil :?:io·)Oo mlhns di;lilleJ 01'':'-' ..\1\ <lllaehmellllO fh~ l:l!l!dclIs<:r ~h"u)d dip below tIle stulace (If the lJ",il,; ncul The residue ill 1he Jblill;llioll Flnsk should ho.: rcuuucd I'or IILe Jt.:I~l'Il\ill:Lli"ll l,l l.i(,l'j;<.:f' :l~' 111L1'iIIC. t5C(;ll'lll 12.) 19 .\I,:.jl.'l:-' III ~I\ ,'.:tll .I';P '1"" Ij,~' .1",,1/:'1<: :ldd.l J""l'~ ;,,<.Ii':;ll.'" ~,'I"",." "",I 1"'''1.. II,,, "."",,,,,i. Ililh O.ll.~~: :,lIlph,,,'i,' :,..:1,1, Ih,lkl'llll; ti,,: ':lul 1''''"1 11111'11.;,1 ,,1';1 hl"lll (:'"11,d"i"g Ill': ~"lll"; allhllllllS Ilf hdrk' .",i,1 ;""llllJi"'ll'iI· Jillll.:J llllh.: ,,,,,\1. \"ltHB': I\'ill! c..r!"," Jill\iJ..:-flCC lli~lill.:J II .ucr A lll"ul•.J'''uIJ L.~ run Illl lh.,; ,'''::I~':lll, lI~d 'lIhlll,.: 1l":':":~~'''T 0.;"''''','1,,)1.:, 11'".1..:. nl~: 1 ,1I1111l""l;, N ·llll:n.:r'dr..:, i( :!:;o Ill' "t" ~'IHllll..: 'I;'~ 1l\.:I:JJ 11.,,:.1 ill ..' ,1IJ111/l!IIM III//'t:nl I(t 1110:/1 h 1l1l11I"li~';dlr "'I",lllt, tl ll..: 1·"It"ll": "I' "..:id ll,.;d ill Ill.: lill'lli"". c'FUI low o.;ulll:':lllr"lioll~of ~IlUlhJllla II lila)' l.c I\";e":""') h. l'lk.; <I lar~~r ,,,lUlU": uj" ,al'.I'1.: IC.l::. J(,(llllij. I!. I," Illllll.-'IJ~.III.'.,. "" NII,:'I''-. Aucr II...: Jd"'"llltl>ll,ull "f allllU"HI;.l by lh.: di,lllblhl" 11I..:III"J mUI, 1IIa:;II.:.iI1i1l oxide, Ultral.:. ami Ililril":~ IUlh..: f.:,i,JII"; '''''' I'..:du..:"d hr [",,111'1 wuh J)..:\'a,d;l" .tllt»' ""J lil :'llllll","ia :", pr<ld"~'.:,1 I' di'liU"d H'':!" ~"oJ J':l.:l',uili\.:u III l/,.: ljlriJlj,JJj Jll~III')lj I ~.l. Il.'ClJ;<'IIh'. 12.J.I. All II,.: r.:ag..:nl, 1'':'1"11':.1 (,.1' III'" do.:l.:f111i,lalhHI ,,!" .1IIlul"lli..cd "ill"t;~n lll.l.) pili,; J2.12, D,"l'unJ"·... "JJJ".!" - - Nlll"~':Il-f,.:': aud lill" """,,!;l, eu I""., ,1''-''11];[,'' !1)J IIIC,h ~i..:\..: 12.2. .\"·/It,,,'. I J." ;"",."",i,, i~ .Ii,lill.,;d (lll' a, "..:wribcd lllld.:r -'lkl",nllill;ui"11 of 1',"'( 'Illd S;llill': AlllllllU\i.. " '1.2.\ Il,inc 0.1 c: "f huh, 111:1(1'''''.''-' :lId J:l:1J ",I" al's;lI'IU'c. Tlc<: /;1.1 ,''''rl;''11 .,1' 1/11; iJ;)lillulc I.> IC"h;.J I' ill, N,,:.,..la ..... !JlJJhl.ll hi u.akc su.c 1],;11 ;lll.h.,; OIUUI\llllia hil:i 0.:':11 tli,I;lll;tJ "It', I u..r D,.:I'ahJ-l', ;slltl)' is add.:d .uul II,,: "lill;llln.: i, llbllll.,;ll i"lu jO 1111 "r h.'II": ;,..:id ><,llIeiulI, Wlt..:n bubhl.:, (If J>'I~ ill.:. \'i:iihl':''':i lJII: lIi:.lilhllillil Jli':,l. h l;t.;iIILlIII:JIIlLl,lbe I' ..u I i .• I""""..1 ..1>,,,. I j" 'II </"1 11I.l I'l' ill fl uuu IIVlll hl "};,,;.:,,,I\..: ~l'r .. y' rl.rlll~ hUll on 1110;: ":Ullll1h:U":'::Ul",1l I'C l.>viliul;. 'rllc llli.\Im<: b lluiktl £.:1\11) fill' j·IO JIl;lJlJh'~ ,11,,1 11'1'11 l·h:Of<lU.,Jy 1,'1' ..mlliler 2U millClI..:" 1"'11 ,,(.,;..1 Ifti. duCi 11.1 ,''ltl~<; .:x.:.:nil''': rr,'lllillt;. nllk~'1 ..bcuu ::!5()·JIKI lui "f llhliJlJlt: an~ tilral,,: Ih..: .numuui. I.-ill , O,ll::!N :;ulphurio.: :ILi,I;\> ill II,.: pr.:,j,,") IlldhoJ. l'o:fitlLlk,dly UCICIIl,ilIC a blauk Ull ull r..::tl;":lll, lh.:J ill 1111. 'll':lhuJ anJ IIIUk.: lh.: n..:c':~"ar) con':":li'llIS 12.3. ("JwJutiol/ 1\11 U,U::'H il~iu Ii. U.:::'tl .\ 1,000 .. ---------.'---. --- uilril.: N in m&lL TII..:n;lill" il" 28U lui qf :;;sllljlk hilS h,,-..:u /Js.:J 1i1L' Jjin../.; ill nlr;:1 N it 11l1l1l';li".lllr ';~Ill;ll I,' Itl'; \,.,llllil'; ..I' aL'",1 11• ..:.1 I" lh.: IllI'ill!>"I. rz '<::>lt1U!IU or "1 01 J"l.lI'rn"I":'l ;,r(llml'll~!llr'l.I "IJI ;>.rI1(I·"IV "S-"t: (11 O';::lq [Jln01I~ tH\!1"1'1~ ;'l'll .11'1111 :'Ilil '\tl!nd ~!l!11Y "11:'1,\\ "pn ~ n\'!111rn~ .l:"l.unq ou-toon IIIn1[10F IHI 0"1 rill' Ill;>:'!!';>.! ;>P!.r0llr::'O.Jp,~q ;ltl!lIW1.~qllldr.u 1111 0"1 pre ',,<lllHl,ur 0 I 01 [ lltqrlll't<: H:\:"1!] ..r.q I! J<llJV '~-I moqe cq rlnoqs Iloqnros ;llll JO HII :141 'nuod "PII IY ",';1 113nO.lOlIl Xl IN ',u;"I3'C<lJ (Jpt! ='!1!IlIHldln<: 11\1 0"1 nrm '1ItT 0'0' ('\1 11:'111111r wnl1nr. liT: Ol .10 'L 'Ill 01 P:>"'!Ir..I1n"u 1I:'1~ <:r.ll (F'!l!"" ;'lldltlt!<: JI!;'>P)O [ur O-O~ o.L ":l1l!.111!.l :l11l)rl tt0!lJO(/ lQy :I'lI11l1!p.lr.:l!:!P 'J:'IIHI put! '!::'o111llll11 A\:'oJ r.wJ pur.," hi "'OHr. ',(1411no.rnlll In'' ':>lduJT:<; JCl Ilil 001 111 no!':u;>(/q,o;- "r~nufJ,(lf mnJlI!llInrr. 1111 <: prl! 'Jtl0Ii"!;"1 pur. SIl!ln<: 1":-[111;'>(1<:11<: ~tI!t!1111);"I :'lld'''I'~ :'1111 .11 "/""II'Il' 'CTl:! ·::IU:.ll!H ['1Ir. :'I1!-'I!1I ':>PP('I'I:'I '1:H1 ·mUI1H! tiro.!] ,':'I.lJI!JlI11 'J~lr.·\\ p:lll! Iqr .I" S{lO!II'll1t!."~I' pill!(lI\1! '!HI lJ~1lI UflI!1 (liP") ~llll!1Hlnr. ;l.\!~~:I·nm: All :'Ilrl!d!,.,lrI ~IP 1I~r.o\\ rim :lllIl'lJ ;"1)111'1 r C1l .r;"l.l~1Il:.l1 '.,"flIl 1 moqn r(1r.I~ 01 amrcnu ;"lIp ~tI!ll!Ul.l;ld .IaU'.... ·:llll1.1ll< !flr,',\ '(IIIOI( :'I['I'«(>.IP'((,1 1lH11!111!U1Ilf: P~Ir:.lIlr:":'Iu,,:'I [ur B: Pi'll! pur: :)"I)fl "I IiUCi\\ ·J:lIV.,.... P:'Ill!!(!P :1.IJ!! I II! '(n~llt-t'{'O~1 'IV'('HN).Io 0"11 ,..L"I'nSl'1 V'~) Ilm!r. llm!'lOllllllr. .to t'."'!((T:!od ;'I' s:tl :"·'1"((!(1 -- ','/,!'(,1,I/',(/f "'''.IIi!'''''!F ·9'l·!:"(1 '~,nnfJ r:'l(!}!'!:>'( I: 1)1 :l)j!JI"~ pill' 'UIH1J",H1lq;,> I(U I :ll1!l'r':,('1 1':",\.1:>(;'1)<1 :'Xl.<r.IU 1I"!1l1loS (!'I.I, 'N ~,: :"I!-'I!U illll ~()(){1'o 11\1 0(1'1 ~.l:"'l,:.I' r;'lIl!I(!1' :'I"'J':"',!Jl!U lll!.\\ IIlI Don' I "~I II"!I"IO~ '1:>(ll~ :'JI!ll!U Hll1!['"( IHi 011'01 :'Ill1!!et - ·''''.I1I1/''S ·)/!-'I!N /llIIllmy 1'·",1''''''" ·s;·t'!""';:l 'U'·"'j","'III.' I'" I flu!I'I"; ,('1 ,','J')h'-',f N ~l; '~l1.ll!" 11", (Klnl ~ Ill! 00'1 ~ I'" 000' I or :"'Inl'r pne .1::1\1:\\ P;)II!I(!1' ;):'IJJ-;'ll!ll!lI tI! f'ON1:N) ;"I1!ll!ll umtpos mOJp,<ql1r. fI (9t-i:·O ;J'I(>("!(1 - '/Io/III/"S ,'pms .l,!-I/!N ""'!I"'S 'tT!"',1 ·,(JI'~S;"l,'::I\I Y .1:>11!.-1 '11tt 001 01 :'I1n1!1' 1"11' Drr'.'" 1':'111""'1' III O'rlE"O'1 '<.)l'N ~ Z'L<: .10 feY, ".)I'N) ;'11:1:'1,'1'1 \lInrr"s s ""91 :'I'I"~<!Cl -- 'l\'[ '''''!ll1/''S '/"{ftlf7 ,'1;'/,'·'1" IIIII.I/"'S ·("tt"'1 '~(1!"11 ;'I-'P.l:xr ,1;'1111.1 'w:":,!,!:,,.! :'1111 .I" ",Ill IIlJ:lsn ;lfll </,U",V;l ./fll1!},..,;:tU," ,~ III ,'l:lT!.IflI.t; '".1':;;~,r.~! J'.I/UIF"'POJl/."lJ .m ,(lI"!II~U",,;'lIP U::Iq,\\ [l;'l!,W'"II'::oq r!Il"I!~ II ':'\lql'!~III1!I~"II! utq ':1":'\"\ 1.1;'l1.Jl: {Illn.! ,(mil ::Ol':lld~";lrd ,: PIll! 1'.1111"10'"'\',!P PllIn;pq 111;>:'!'!;,!,1 :11Ll. ',(/1I~Il(\JOIII "!HI rl1r. '.l:"!l1:\\ p:'lIlIl~!1' 'It!,\\ I'll rot "I :"1111!(1 p:'Irrl: 11:'1:'11 ""q 1'!:'Il: .'!.In!lp''.lp,(1f l':'Il1:,II\1:1,'tll':"' en IPl1l1-1 (11 .!:"II!,I,I P;'lI'll~!r ll! :'1'1.101'1="0,11"('1 ::>1I!IIH'!{lllqdr.u-I II 0')"0 ;'l'IO((!(J ·,u.,,'1;;.,~, ·'I,!-III"',)('I{',(" ,m!lIml-fl(//lrf"N '('('t-'t! ,qql O.llllll '11l1l pun ·J:lIC,\\ p:>t111S!1' lP!M Ill! DOl III ;)11111[1 'r!·'I! ,1.I"1'1·,\,Jp.(11 P::Ol1:.IIII;'l;'>\I(\:'I!HI Ot: rrr. '10(1., 'J:'III!.\\ P:'IIP"!r loq 1111 OL II! pl;'lr. "!l'l1r.qdl'l(:'l OTO :>'IP(<lP ,(I:>I:'Il(htlll;) -- '111.,,-ro·'N ,'.','1' :1/r.III1"ld/1/,~; 1'"l·t"1 '.111"10;'1111 :'II!'I"';"I1l! I!','!M ~P!:'I!II':'III,' 11101.11'.,.,,'(1:>,111 :'<ll~lll\l "1'I,ffl':'IJ II\' '{/I',1,)I','lf ,'rU '-,::offlll'! .ro llt:> I .l1l11l1!d 111:!'1 I! :'lnlr1""'.ld IIIlI O(~ II! :'1<1, ,I"J ·.I.".'IfII""'I""·""·,,,S 111/111I'''''''' '1 ~'i:1 '(;'lll:.I1!N .1" ll"!lr'll'lIl:>l:"p :>'11 1111"'1 UOIPltl1(IIl'"'\ "I 1':1"11 .'q" I) ··'/!"/!N /{'I 11"!/!1'/IWUJ-'f/ T~l '((lll O','~ ':-I ,'j '~I{hlw",1o :'1111111"1 ··"'\!l·lI'I" "'\'1"1 ..., .CI,.<."",... ,,'1 .<"", '! "''''''''.1'' ."'''1''''''''''''''·"'\ ""I ,n!" II)U!(iI;~L J:1" :~L'\lrlf"'tll 'IYll'llV~ ,\I>J ...,.[""".:" """,11"1>" "10...,,IJ 1>" """I" "I ill) "'" ..~";",,, .' ',;"~':"I I,I,,,,~. ;lIId pal;,lld d".:..:\..." ",liuuld L~ ruu rl<:l.jtll:IlLl} aCilillsl 1,11"'1"11 .uuirc ~1;[IlJJIJ1, I)rd..:r;lIll: ill the lIillil..: r.ntgc 0[" Ill..: s.nnutc. C'"Hpkl": l'alllJulllll1lllllU ",11"ulll I,.; ll.:lo.:nllilh,;,1 rUUllwill!,; rhc JlI,,:p;lfali\llL uf 11<;1'." 1":;'!J..:IlI",. ,\" .:ali\lnlli,111 ":111\<; ",IIUIII,1 U~ (dtl",lnlckd of alhlll!l;,II":C llIlJIII.1 Ill. "il.-il.: us N, bi' ,'illlli'l!; 'lU<llllilic", >If ",1;ll\daIJ uuritc "",jllllllil It' )U,tJ lid ;.I1,d ,ubj.dillllllt":IIll\' 111<; s.uuc 11<;;11111<;111 a", ,l..:~":libo.:d f'"11,..: "';lIllpk. I :!..l..l. (,.,1<'1",,/1"". ''';J ,,;1,';1.· N , I ,1~1I1 lid sampl..: I J. J}LTI.KM1NA I'IUN In AIl~LNIl: IJ,I. '"/I'I"J/'IIIIIJ". 13,',1, Ars.nc l:>..:JI.:rill.,r {"'C": I·il;. lj t.:1l1b.i"'lilll> ora 2U1) Il,J Ila,\..., ;c 1"..:lli":iIII;IIJllt <:01,,11111 h,:r"hlkCr) <:,"111Cl.:IC<! J;'t.:clb' III lt.e Jla",k. 'J Ii" llllp,'r cud "f ~ll~,d coturuu b o.:uIIII"..:I..:J by 1I1"UllS of a huril.Lllllal I;la.s rube ." il I..-Hi.';!J ab sorpliun lube 01" ;I\)pw...illialdy 4 Indl1':s ill kUl;lh ill III ~ ill.:lt JI,lll~tcr. IJ.I ~ 1').-0.:» gl;lSS (".;;IJ:>, 1].1.]. Sp.:..:!rtJIII".lullh:kr Icu: usc ut 5]5 Illll. \\ilIJ li::l,t p.uh <If I ":111. IJ.2. R'-"!tCII/.I, JJ.l. L JJ.l.2. Silver Ui"lhy!.lilhi"I'wIJlml<lI':. -- I)is"'u]v..: I I; "I' srlvcr .li.:lhyIJillliu..-arbt. uuuc V,~SCSN{C,II.U iu 311l) 1111 "f pYlidill<':, '1hi~ ."I"livn i. siablo ",I."" ~I .. '·".l '" ,," "",'....". (,.,111". SI,IIJl/O/H ('",,,,.I,f,' Sofllli,,,j, - Dissolve ~IJ ~ Hl";11 "'''lIi..:-!'1 L:o.: slallll,'US chl.,/ide (Suel" lll;l l) ill lOll Ill] vI' cUIIt.:CHIJ'ukJ h)",IL'l1dllvl ic a~'I.l. "I hi, sul<lliao issl;lhk. I].~.). PH',"';"'" J",{;,I,· S,,/"y"" uf .,all.:r. This 'l,hui'lll is I);~~"ke 15 I: Illll:'''''IIII ;,,,Iitlo.: 1K I) in 11k! rnl ",1;lbk 1111..-11 .lor.:.! ill ;11I ,11,,1""1 I,ulll.:. lJ.2A. Lm!l ,1.'.,/.,'1: Sllf/oil/II, -- Di~suh'o.: I\l gill' k,ld i1..:clal..: (1'1Jl,l'IIl,O,l. 311,(11 III IUl) lit! ";11":1'. In,'ui,' -r,'i",';,!,· "jud. .\',!"Ii,w (I lid 1.11 1111' ,\,j IJi,~"h',! I l~~ 01 arsenious ;Kill 1:\",O,l, dri,,~1 .u lc..~1 I 1""11 ;11 II" C, III 11IOur! uf -!U ptl' l''':11I sudilllll ltr,lw:,iJt.: IN;IUIJj ;)11\1 dihuc Itl I iiuc. I his svlUliuu if. SI;Jbl..:. lJ,2,6. ~J'Il!lli.: 'hi,,,:d.' JI·",.J..iil;: S,d/,ti"u (11111 I II;; A~J. sllIUll"" 1.1 Suo lilt. Dilute 10 IlII of lL:sullin!; sllluli,," til Dilute 5 1111 .Ioci 100m!. JJ.l.?, I 3.2.H, :Li.w. lbe b:1;IIIUI.II' ...1111:, at""I! .!u 11,.::,11, 1\1111 ,01 ..":"1": L,,"1L:1I1 Ih,t'1:It:;Ilcr 1lt.lll I :\ 10.6 ['n' ecru. Ill,I,udd,wi. .kid, ("'IIn"/11I"k,l, \h..: all;d) llL"I-lll .r.Ic "~'i,1 v,illl ;!I""nlc L'"ulclit 11,,1 gl..:..Icr u.au I pat! I'Ll hllll,Ir.:d lililli"u. IJ.3. ,Ihlll.!d. JJ.J"!. ('OIl.,lr"owII .,1' I\Jiif.,-,II',"1 ..,,,'1'1'. II.U\...illl.' "'I,llltl<lI,L":l';II<lillilll' It!. l'il'",I1": "1'1""1" ialt: ,dl<l""ts IIf Ik , 5. Itl. I,>. ;,".1 211 II;; "I' .v, inlu d~iUl. 13.l2. Ihi,,,kh.d l-":,il..l'<Ilill;l ;1.I.,k~ <IIlJ d;lull.. i" Jj 1111. Ck,1lI ;IPll;ll.,lu~ \\jlll llilri..: ;11,;'id before bq;illiling the an;i1}~is. T\Il.:>I~III1;I~k add successively, \Iilh Ihuru\l~11 Illhilll> al'l.;! each ;1\IJilillll. 5 Illi l:oul.:..:1I1r'llcd hydrochhuic iJcil!, .2 1111 P"I;I~siurll iodide s\,!tlli"n, all,l tl drops "I' ~Iallll\lll$ chloriJe ~l,lI\llit)l1, AJI'l\I' Ol!lwli 15 Illinllll:S r.~1' '1: L1u\,.'liull of llle .lIsellil: IlJ tltu Ilh.,lelll ~1,1Il:. I'I;I~'I: ill C;,I:II scrubber a Jlhl~ uf pyrex lI'oul thJI !lJS Ilt,;en impll.:gllah,:.1 \\1111 k:~ld ",d'lle s\lltltioll uud dri"d ill 'I l'aCLIUIil. Axscuthlc the gclleral"r. SClubber, "lid uhsorbcr, 11IiJUug certain tllal all p;'1"1o; lil and urc CIIII"\;<:II) 'ldjIlS!.:d Add e~:leIJr 5 mill!" ,ike, diclllylditl,i"..:alhmllale-II\,,.idillC scfu liol1 10 caLh auso,hL·r. A,IJ gla.ss l>e:l.ls III Il,e ah~"rbcrs until Illc liquid just l',l\e'~ u.cru. PiSI,;',llllh:d c,lL'll I;;cn..:r'llor, <lelJ J ~ ,,(" ziuc, ,IIIJ rccouucrt iuuncdi.ucly. :\J10\\ J(J IllillUI..:S rIll' CUllllilciC cvolntiuu uf Ihe .usiuc. \\';lflll II,e gCll'" nuor 1I.1.,I,s I" r a kw uunurcs 10 lIla"c Slife uut all Ille iJrSllle IS rclcasccl, :1lIt! tucu pour the sulution r....1Il1 II,,; abs"rh.;r diret:lly into II,c spccuo pluuourctvr celts. Dcrcrmiuc Ihc .. lbllJ'lMII'x ut" II,e SliJlIJ.Lnb ;lbaill~t II,.' hl,lllk \0 I/~ r\~) \\illl,'\1{ 11I1IIC';C;; ,;II)" \1.,;1;1)'.;1-) !II"; ";\lluuf Il.,;lclupl:J I~ nO/l p"n'''''',,'11 I'h~t ,d,.,,,ru:Ill~-c~ lIgainsl ":UIIl:Clllf.IIIOIlS of 'lIs":lIi..: ill rhc sl'llllJanJs. hnl/lJ/,·1I10{ WIIlI"'-. whcu all:L!y"illg s'lllll'k~. 1'"lItJ\\ the procedure IIS<:J for Ill": ~1;lIlJ.lfJS ill llfcpan1tiuH vI' lh.; l:\llibrilliul1 ..:ury':. If ,,:ull";":lllralill;; tbc .-;:llul'ks seems I,h.:sir.. blc, ncidif'y a suital.'].:: s;lIllpl..: volume. usunlty IOU 01 2uo 1111, \Iilh h) Jro..:hlorit: acid auJ cvuponnc 10 35 rul \'1' less. Frulll til.: 1;1"11'11 dctcnniuc rhc amount "r.nscnic ill the s:llllple taken. Il-i. ('<lI,'III,lli,'II. nrf sallll'k. f.:l. Ih.lllI"IIN.\IIlIN ur H,m,,;.;. I~,I. ,1/'1"11'<1/111". SIIt.:t:II,'plh'I'>llleler, "ll' usc ;It j~j Illli. \\illl IlIilliIllUlllli~hll'''thuf I cur. I~.J. 1/.""'1,.,,.... 14.2.1. Sf",,,,,,,.,f S"dil/III Ilye/m,ll.fl' S"llIIi,"I. I N. u.uon-rrcc. 1.:1.2.2. 1f)',Ir,Jt"hI",-ic Acid, Conccurrarcd. 1-1.2.), J/.r,lro(hI"ri,· ..kid. I + 19. 1.:I.2..l. SlIlplw,-i,' .Injt, Couccnt rated. 14.2.5. SI,IJI.I,,,,,f O"d.: .k,;t S"II/Iiol/. J)i~.,.. Ivc U,571h ~ Jfr b.uic ,It:id {11"LJO.J ill Ji,lilJed water ami dilute 10 I litre. (I JIll ~ O.IUO Jll~ II). 14.2,(, Hl Iok,I""I. 14.3.1. ('"rltli,,<~ S••lntion, --- I)l:>solvt: U 92 1: t:Mlllille NI'.:l1l or <::Crllliu;..: ..dJ ill I litre ":Oil":t:lltl':lleJ sulphuric ncicl. "n'p",",i"'l of ~/<II/llllnl 1'111"1'<'.. - Dilute porti .... ns or llle stuudanl boric ;l~'id s"luliilll 10 Ohi"ill ~1:lIlJ"rJ> over Il,e Llll~e "r U i,1 III 1lI1J/1 n,,,',,,, 23 , '. ",u,l,'i""N 'L't'S:1 "rIlU 111-<; It: :,>qj .I"., r:":""'''l'''ld'' 'l ..,,,dS ·~rll".II"IdV '1'1'~1 """'I/lWJ'f:;) lnJ"-!. 'I" C I '1~'lIl~rllll',) ,HI N'lIr\'NII~lrl'IO 'SI 1/11", "! II ... " "~""'H :~,, W'J ~11 r;'O~~",l\h:" ;".I1~ ~lJll~;'I,!:'I1] L 'tl1t1m~ P:lI!;'lIll :'Ill' til '11;1~;'1.!d 11'111 111 rllnn.r lIil!W.lIl1~''''lIfl.' :'111 Ir:,lltUJ ('II ·.t\'P'~J :")l~lIdll.llld,~ :"Ill! ·\\1 l':"P!,'!P -",' P;'>!ldllllllll :''1 1<':11t!1 ~11!l~'" :"111 "'!"Irl'" ,./ "',1,11','1"111' h' r'~l""Ij,":""'" ~"." 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IIl;'?I'" "I"l/~ l'"'~ IUOt'N) "}'I'i''-lr~lll!I''-'l'p·.. "P'I')' '111\\ '1111" 'r N'I I"ph,l" ."1'1': IP'~ T: :",,' 1'1 "I''.1.1. 'I" f r ,1!/II':;'() ,~"I'!"!'JI :", ) """'1". I! .t·;: T' t 1 '<:1'.(1':111' .l"J IOIlI,!p' ;'l1']"I!"<; I :>,rl r"",:,!"" l':'lI"QI' lplll :"lllllP Itl:'lllll'1 lIl'1nq III '1:;1\1 "'~llhlll" ""J "!<~lrll'T ,!OJ ,!<'nlll'" .1l1~P :Olp Jo Ill" (f;: :,,1:.1. -.".;p l'nUll' :'~ll.l!'lIl:"."'I ptn: :Jqn\ :O:':"J!l1ll:" p·.'!Iln.' I: 011l! \1('l!1l110, :''11 -"wtl '''1;>'):'''111 ,I .(I~plq-,nl.1I '1IT:11l ...."'1··,1 ,'e'I'I'" ,. 'I'!.\\ :'l':.''''!!l r"" r!·~" '''!''('I'I'''''-'r''('1 1"1"1'("' 1'" n'~ 1'1'" 'l""'~ 't<,~'tt'r "I uu'q 1IW~I' ,ul :-jtHT1'l pjll~ :"ldlll1~'" 'llllt) :"jl'.tlltk.\] '!I",P'.I0 In"{lllW:Otlll~~:"'11 :'i1l11l!1'lll"'"'I \(11l'IQ t- :"."~tb'J '~~:>."~" 1t1~~r: " rl"~ I'"" I I{ll'N "111'1' 'PIlI :>1I!!1:'I11~ :>'11'111 ~1J<'!r 1I!,:p.~I"d .tn 'I"'IJ'~ "'lIln'!lqd I~ ""l! 101lb!ll~ 01<.\"1111' 1~ :'1).',),,1 '1.':'i,1I I 1Il'111 ~~"I ~! lInll"'1"".~"n:" "P.Ult] :,,'p ll:''l'\\ ':'ld(1lj~~ :"111 ~'! :'.llll':".~(,.1tl :>"IT:~ :>111 '1;1''''.1111 p:"!.!.111:1 J)lr" l"~l1l1';ql .1" 'I"T:I'1 I' 1~1I!"~" tIll! PI~ 11: :hlll'll:>.1 .I:OI~lt'''IPqd "IP :'lI!tll ·PI·~n '~':>1111111'1 ~t- t~":"'l n- !""'l" 01 111'11" I'IW /1.'.11 ."-"" 'IIP!llll"< :'1I!'".!'~'~ 1111 0'01 n-v '!"I" 1'1l1: /1.'.11 ,."" ~I'PI' ''''1-'Il'I,lll1~ 1':"'1".1'11""'111":' I'll nru rl'\"' 'r','" ""~J"I'I"""I"('I P""'I1"~''''''''~ ~,h'·'r ".'<1 1'1''' !"'" 'I""\! """:"""""1'" 11''''''' '1l10! :"1,hlllT~ '1111 (I';:' :"11:"t11,1'- 'JNllt/I' .1.'11I"<;.10 ,~IIIt'-"'lIm.) 1"11 r"I""II',~' '1';: It l .yd",,~~' /11 ,,'.'m,,','.!/. ·i"'C·t-1 '11"""1111":111<'-"' :"'11 l~lIl1';1" :"'·~''':'I·'''~'1I~ :0'11 '''1,1 ',(I!I'I' r:>,·""lp "'l 1'11l"'1~ :"1.\111" l'.Il'f'lll:I< ;ltll '<:>I",h".T-"'\.~1' ll'.,!lT·..... ' :l1l~ll ...I:.' :'111 :""IlI~·':'11 '/Illt t;1lt;.I" 'pfhl:>I·'·Il:,11 ,~ 1'1 ',,'1I1'lpP<:lJr. (lll~ 'I'1T'11l J:'S' '~I',lI'rUl't< :oql <1: :'1111':',"0.,11 :'IHlI', :"Il 1I~1lt'.1I1l 1"",11'.' .r;'\Il~,",1 1"~I1Il~q' .I" '1'":I'1 I' 1"'I!I:~ltl ~lI![J'~:O,l .I:>I:omOlowl :>'Il :>111111 .J;\1-'1' l'''r.II''I:lq 1·1·;::T·tlI PI'HII 1':"'11.1"*,'1' <,~ 1I1111l'I"X 'r'I;:".I" IH' n <: P""-L ~---~-- . --~ t1',·\'·1I7't'.\\~ If} ~I',l ,,'< 15, J 1 VUliO,'.1 II IIln'. Tlw. ~h,Jllld Lc ~l\..:l"i;dl)' L.\blill..:d 11\'11\1:'11 \,al~l· ~"'"l,,j'I­ ill;; '1lIJoI"" i..: a,,;iJ ,lIal ;1 i"..:", ..:,.y~l.d~ "f 11"1'1~,iuJll ll<:fU;alll:alJ'lI..: ..\1· '""~lllJ":lI": .Iu,l ;llOulJ be excluded J"I'1"~ Ji,litl.lll,'11 and ~t.l(atl~. f111~ 'll''':I;dh pr.;p.,,...:d "','I..:" ,;Il, ,ul,1 1>..: u,,,,1 1', OJ' urc I"~'" ~":lll> "Ihl I 1'I'"u~~IL, "", d,,, I""'"'),''''' 15.1 ~.1. S"I/'/'wi,' .s.ct. S.U. I.ls4. 15,I.~J 15,1.2.4. )51.2,5, i\'il,i,' ,·leid, s.o. 1.4~. l"iIIl"lliwH iJ.IOlw,· ...;;uJlllioll.· - ~.'IIII~ll..:d. I'I"",-/,}",,'i(' kid . (,0 per ..:elH " I .1,S.15,I.z.v. 15,I 2, Ill. 15,1.1, I,. 1'"1",.1',,,, 1',"-''''IUj;<liW''' S"llIli,"I, - I p..:r <:":111 Wi V. 15.117 S,,:/iWIl Sult.hil'·. - N'I,SO,,7JI,{). Sodil/JII JI.,dnuId.' S"h"ioll, - ·~'Ij I'L'I L''':III \V/'· . 111,./",..:,·" /',.,-oxU..·. J pcr.-t"1l1 VIV (J(J \'<,IUIll"') . /)i"/,, 'Jill, '" 1"I~i".. Sohlli,,,, . . - I )"i~:i"h" U. 25 g, "J Jilll,cl'} k.u h'lild..: ill 2j /I II oLd..:"I, ,1.111,1 ditutc It! 1001111 wirh dj)lillnl 11,110.:1'. 15,/ ' II. Sull"",,'I., .1,·i.I. DoI"I ... -·5 p",·e,",,,\ :)1\' Iii ~ 12. SI.m,!"," ('I""lIliulII Soll/li"ll. -- t)is~(\I\c 0,3740 J:: of 1J,11;b,iullI chromate 11'.,("1'0,) ill Ji.'liJlcd wurcr and dilute h, 1 lurc. nil"lc lllllll of tl,i, ",Ju· ti'lll '<I SOO 1111. Tlus ~uhJll<J1l :ihulIIJ b..: flc,llly 1)I":P;II'~J;l~ I'C4UII'..:d I 1 'HI IS,I,J. .I/.·I}"''' J5,1..\.1. (',JII ,In,,,li,,,, "f ('"livniliul/ ('1/1'1 ,'. I\,I,,;;I>III'C >lPJln'IJrj;lle ;u'I,'unl~ uf ~l.ll\dal'd ,,;111"110111111 ~ulllli'!Il ,,;olenllg the I"lllgc u III 20 ,,~ uf clu-ornuuu JIlI,l u ~CflCS o[ 2.~-1Il1 cahbrurcd 1l;J~I..,. Au,1 I., L·;"..:II 5 1111 <If dillilt.; sulphuric ,1L'i\1 ru..~1 Jihue ill!.' :iuJull<1I1 I" <ihdlll :!O lilt. ,\dJ :!,5 1111 "I' JiphcIIY[,,;;lrha,idc ~'llllli,lli >lIlJ Jdule ":;1..:10 , ..lutiuu hi ,il'; Iliad; AJlt>w 10 ;I;[I)J fur j Ihi"I""'.> alld rhcu m,,:;,;ure Ill..: "bs.,, I."',,'.,, "·,.,,~,.-.,.·I:J I.:":opl. rd:o''''\: Ill" a["",[I.lll..", 1<, II.e "lI,.,Il"r "t' Illi":I"gl:'llb uf dlh)lllilllll. 15.[ J.:!. '/,-,'.I/'II,m o) SWIII'I,·. 1·l:Jn· ItK) url luI' a suuahlc \,,111111") "rill..: cnluctu ,;111'111..: i.l " ~)lhHI I~j,,;hl;dll !l>l:.l; ,II'U db,,,l,,,,: ill ;1 0, I b ,',1' ,,,di""l ,,,II'I.i ...,. Atld.~ 1101 "J L't"l,'cu"alL',J ,Ulllhlll'lC aciJ uud "\"'j",r;JI..: lIlili! "t,I'c hlll1':~ or ~lIlplHIl Iri,,\,,1..: ;IIC ,;\,,,11''':1.1. If 1l';l:C~S>lI)' ;;Jtl ';'JIl..:,'IJIral..:d niuic acid Jr,l[1 "r JII'I) III ,))"jJi,.: all)' I'c,iJu:d Olg;JllIC 1I1>l'1",r. ,\Jd 10 ""I ,,1' SalliralL'd ,lIl,II"",iwlI ",1;;.1;,1..: ,,,JUllolll ,111<.1 ":\"[1",'.,1c' 11I1L''': more I" run.cs. \\'11":11 ..',1,,1, di(llI'; wifh JO 1111 .)1" Ji;lilkd water "IlJ lr,m.,]';!, It I ,I :?:~-l1ll \<iIUllld.i,: fb~j;, ,1I1d dil nrc 10 t he mark. flJi\ I\'cll uud place 5 1111 «ra laq;cr aliquol jf 11..:":<;>Sill'Y, ill il ~11J;,11 bcakcr, ;,Jd j drops Ill" ph":illllllril: ,,"';J <Iud cvapururc 10 fUIll":~. C""I 'Im! ,Idd I 1<11 ,If l)dla~,hllll pCllll;ll'g,lIl<lI'" ~lIlu,j,,,,. ""'" II,,, 1...,oI.~1 ,':;'1, " ...,Id, .,b.» alltJ 1"..uoua w;lIcr-u"ll, ("I':!U "Jil1u(,,;~. N":I1I!,:,II~": Ihc ~.,ILlII"'1 I" 11111,1" 1'''I,..:r 1'.IIi) :.,.dilllU h}'dr,',\"k ><lluIU'11 ;'1\,1.,.1,1 I Ilil iu ..:,\~''',;.\. Add 11.11 "rill..: hytl'-"l;clI p"ru"id..: ,Il1J allow tI,,· c"L"i,." ,,' ~"''''.,·r \:"llily '''1 u h"llll;';k n.cm u.iuurcs. Cu,11 u.c '''(IUlU'l. dil"l~' il II' ~tl 1111 in ,I \'l[IlIlJ":lli..: Ib,l. au.J lilkr. I\'I"::"UIC ;IL','ur;udy :I ~1.IIIJII;S 'If SW,\I.lI ..I~I) \'(IIUllle of 111..: tiltrutc (j hI IU 11111 into :1 ~j Ilil ~J lil» :I!t:d 11;1\1" adJ 5 n: ul" dilute ~1I1111111J it: ;It:illllIIJ Jilllh: 1, I :..hlllll 2tJ 1111. ..\,It! ~ 5 11,1 III' dipl'('nr C;I rh:l,.id~ ~"llIJ i, lOl ;llll] ,Iilull.: I II..: ~,>llIt ill II ,,, Ill": ru.uk . .\ H(l1I III ,1:llId k .; Il,illllk, lid', 110.: II",: n ,hItit' I1lC:blJl crucut . (':11'1')' out :1 hlalll.. do.:h':ll11ill:lli'lll WI all 'C'''~''III' 1I',c'd, I\k,I>11I1; Ih ah"lrl<:ll1o.:..: ill 01 '1"-'..:1 r"l'h"I.'lllo;lo.:l'. lJ~illg :J \\;1\ t.:-kllglll "I' .'I·HI IllII. I,,'~ II,..: number "I' iui, 1', '~'-;Illh "I' ..:11ft <IlliulIl ..:qttil ;,1t:1I1 to, II,,' ,,1>'0.:1 I ~'d ;tlhurt :11..:..: ,I f Ill": I..:, 1 ;111(\ hi: II ii, ~"I u Ii, 'Ih (I', \111 I he ,..,Ii 1>1':11 i"II ~'!II '. c, ;" III Sll o( t~ i 11,,· 11":1 m..:a,lII": ,,{ ..:111, 'll1iwll ill 1II,: ~;lIllf'ol":. As 111..: vi n!..:I t:,lf"ur I"a,ks "11 sWlllliug Ihe IIlr.l~lIl o.:lI .cut-, ,hI "tid he dill' afkf 5 1111Iluh:". I :\,1..1. 1111 (If ,;;IIlIpk 15,1.1. ) 5,~,J, U"II\,..,I/S. Those 111ad,..:d II illl <II) a~lcl i ,I.. (~) ill:'..:...·, Ilil) 15. I.:!. 1'I,It;..: 15 III I pr 111..: dlhr";111 S;IIlIPlo: i II a :i1l.1lI! q Ii II\kr at,d :IJd :\ nil 0 d i p I,..:n>lc.u ba .~id,,; s,,1II Iill 11. 111";11 :1dd IU loll "I' ,JiIt I k ,(111'1, ur i..: ;Io.:iJ. II il: Illi'llll::, ;IIIJ d ilure I" 50 url. A II,'w I" ~I a"d rill' :i IIIIIHllo.:,; "lid mcasur lilt.: ,I h.•• ,,-11;1 110.:<: a~ Jo.:,<:1 ibcd III 110..:: 111..::111\,.1 I'"r" 1',,1:11 ( ·lll,II>1iul1\". H the s, \hll i,m lIUlkr I,-,SI i. turl-id , clc.u: il hr 0.:";111 dt'ligill~ ,II liltning i ill ;111 <lIL,lin<: o.:\1I,,!ili"ll, .I>illg :l lillt.:f aid. Cr illlllJ,:'1 I r.. I ) I. 11.1'~II N \ , I. IN '" ('I lI'l'l I\. C"Pl'o.:l I\m has" teudcucy lo be ;ldSOfbt.:d Oil III..: surlace of the ~al1lpl. container. S'1I11pk. sl1tluld. llt..:r.:for..:, be :111:11) •..:t1 ;b S,hlll as p(»)ihlc arlc Ct ~I lc ..: Ii" n , 1(,.1, .,j /lfI,,.-,,ll/s. Spo,.:,'lr"p' Illl 0 111..:1<:1' fl'r usc ;) I 5.1 h 11111, J6.2.1. 162.1. 7;,,'/,11 ir ,ki,1 SO/II/;vlI, 50 PC~ ecru '14u.,:,IU.. I'rt.:p;t t,; I'r,lItl analytical rC:J g..:nI gr:J\k I:UI ,II ic aci J. 11y,(ru Irl"m/lh' Ilr,lwdtl,!'id,', 10 p..:r cent aqll,,;, Ilh. rrcparc frolll anal) ucut-rcagcnt l::r... uc 11~dnl'rl:1111il1": 11> .II I 1.:11 lur ill..:, anr .1,,1'0.: ill 01 plllyl It..:tt.: [1"111e. 1l.,!.J, I fI.~ I 1(1.2.5. 11,,!h, re.z, 7, Il'.!.l'i. IU. ll.-/l",rI. N.\llllto\! IU~"I,H':I.S: ',ll !S.'I<Jlo71IJ .~",J,IIIII Ihik",I;,I,', 5 H, - j'I<:I';JIC ["llJlll all;II)'lj~'al'lc:lselll 1>Ia~r..: ~\ldilllil Ily,I'-'I\id..:. ~.2'-lh'fll;II,"1ISoll/li"l/, 0.05 pur cent. ill umyl :L1CUhllL S,•• li"," .~·"II,f,,,,.·, uut.ydrous. --- Amdyti<.::L1-1e;ll;elll l~rauc, 'myl. tl, "Iwl. '\Il;JI)'li":;II'lcag..:nl gf;J,k. .':i"-III/;: S"luIIClI/ 01 CIIN!,T S"fflIrOIC. . . lJi:-'~{lhe 0,1 ~IfH ~ vrystalliuc {,,,ppel ~lIll'h;lh: ii' di.-;lilkd water, add :>ufliciL'llt acid lh)uroo..:hlmio.: l>r ~lIlphlrl'io.;) III :ll;ll.<: thclinul ucidity nbuut 0.1 N ill 50Uml volume. (I III I U.JIll!; CuI. ni/fll<" S;,J,,,jlll, ,,/C"I""" SIII,""'I.,. - nihil!': 50.U mild' Ihe Slnlllg xctuuon ,II' (dlli";!" "dlll~:ll'; 10 250 IllI with O.I N ucid tllel pI' II~S(),). A (I ...sh S"llIlit,u Uilisl I;,; rtlatl ... fnull time III rime as t:upper is shmly "usOIbcJ on lilt.' gl:I,-; dffll..: cuntuincr. (I 1111 0.02 I11g ClIl. /\,,1. II Is l1n:e,;sary III rcuurvc truces or 1,.'0l'I'lt:1 rnull utc tarumc ucnl :IIlU h) JI' ,\)l:lluiIIC hydHlt:hlL"ilk snhJl if '11', by :H1Lling 5 Illl uf Ihe 2,~' -diqu illlll)1 ~"jlll n-n und c .... llat.:ling wjt h 1hicc 11llllJ pl ,1"1 iOIlS of amyl Hkohol. I'I,,~''': --lOU 1I1111f tbc samplc in a SOO-:lIl sql;Jr:Jlilig rUHlld, :II1U :IUU .:! ml each 1'1' tartaric add and hydroxylamine hydrochlorulc soruuons. Adju-t the pll I" between S nnd 6 by usiug 5 N sodium hydroxide :1I\L! a Ilarn,,,,, r:lIlg..: illl./ic;lftlr paper Uhis is t:riliull .IS 110 coloured cunrplcx will Ionn helow pll d ",' "I.,,"" I,fl 7" F,,,'''' 110" );h" e"I",,,·~·.J 0.:""'1'1",,, b)' :tJJ'''IJ 10 ",I l.r !,2'·diqllilllllyl )lIfUlion [un excess r,roJuCl'.; a milky cloud]. Extract the o.;"mpkx ill 11;'.1 ::U ml purtiolls of :1ll1)"1 :Ik:uhol, lily the cmnbiucd C.\II'IO':ls by s\\idill!; \\;111 anhydrous scutum sulphutc, uuu filter uno U 50 IlII cali hr.u...d l!ask. Dilute 10 till; marl; wilh amyl ak"h,,1 :IIlU measure this ;ll,~,,,h;'f"';t: "ll ,:H6 11111 ill 'he Spl:<.:IH'l'hl'II'IllCll:f. gCilU url" Ihe amount o( copper IHc,;t.:111 ill the aliquot, Irom a l'alibr"'i,,n 1:;t;Jph. The calilu-arinn gr;q,h is constructed fly subrnittiug a series of copper slamIaru;; IV the $;lIltC In':;lII"cl,/ :,s dt:st.:l'ihell r"r the sample. 1'101 milligrallls pr COPI'lt:r :Igaillsl :1(h"l'hall.'e. Ill!; Cu ~ I.Uoo ('"pper <IS (·u ill mgfl 17. DIII'It~IIN.\110N Of I'lltNULH.: ("ot.II"lllt'DS. N'lI"; l'hc1101it.: "'tllnpuumls arc subjccn to t:hcl1lit:al cna ngc on slamJing UIIC 10 bacterial oxidauon. If the sample CamhI! be analysed within roo. hours (If crulccuon, it sh"lIld be preserved by the iluJitillll of I g of eopp..:r sutplnuc per Iitrc. The sumplc ,,111'\11.1 then be all:J lysed wnhin :!--l hours, 17.1. /',("/illl;II'/I".r Sn"""illg P'vn·rllII'l!. 17.1.1. lJislill;llillll unuarurus. ull.gluss. such as J Huc l'yrcx distillillg lIasi. with ( ir:lh;lhl..:"nJellser. "17 :n,\IIIII.~ or SW,\LII.\;'<ll 17.1 :::. /(,·C!!:.'IIU. All 1":<LI:!":IlI; ~h;dl be prql,lI..:J wirh l!i~lilkd ";11":1 f,..:..: ,,( pll..:n"h and chloriue. 17.1.::!.I. e",'r.:" S"I"h//(,' .\;"lul;,,,,. . !>i:>;"ln' lilll g "f .... "1'1'..:' ~lllplt.oI"; ((·uSO.. 511,()j ill Ji."ill...J ".'1 ... ,· ,,,,,j Jilul.,; h' I Ii, ...:. 17.J.Z.2, Ph"JjJh",h' ,kU .'I.dulioll. I)iltll..: 1111101 ,,1':-;5 I'~" ,,,,,I 1,1""loI"u;;; ncul III Ilkl I1d "1111 di"ilk,1 \\;11..:1. J 7.1 3 ,\lelf",d. T u ~l 5011-1ll1 :-O;lIllpl.:: or water. oldd 5.0 Ilil PI' ~\lI'P";1 ~ldl,II;lh; sllllllllJIl, 11111..:;; lhis ha~ 1'1":'I"u:>lr 110.:..:11 add..:tl ;IS it 11I":''':I\:lli,..:. 1.0,...·1' III..: pll uf lI,..: hli:dW.,; {,I b.,;I",,' ~.U \\illl ph,bpJhnl": acid ,olutiolu; 0.7 ml i~ ,ulli,'ltnl For 1Il,,:>1 :;<Llllpl..:.s, 1'1;",;e the mixture ill rhc ;llI·~I;,:>, di:>lill;lIioll appuratus <IIlJ di.sttl over ~)u 1111. ~h'p !II"; llblill;,lioll :JlIlI, "he'l IWiling fl.\"ci. add 50 ml of Ji~ljll,;d \\al..:r III Ih,; Jj'lllllllt~ 11;,,1.. (""llimh': Ill..: disliU"tilln nntil .1 1<,1:t1 of SilO ml 1,:.1, been ..... dlcctcd. 17.2.1. Af'{Ii/r"IIltIJ• .sP":":II'llphllh'mc'I":1 rdr 11SC ;11 ~(,ll 11111, h;l\'illg a I;,:hl I'"ill of 1-IO":'lI. 17.2.2. Dissolve ::!.ll g \II' 4-;II11Ill\I;lnlip~lin~ in 100 ml. Th;; ,,,Illiioll ,hdUloi be prepared J7.:U.1. -I-,llIi;nodJlIIIJrrIllC S"J,II;O". dietiltcd water und dl'lt,l..: I,) rr..:sh wuckly. 11 J""l' PO',H.,·'-"", F,'/·,·i".l'lwi,/l! SO/Illi,m. - Dissolve 8 II. "I" 1',,1."~11111\ fc-nio.:\';llliJc 0,,[''': ICNI,1 ill .li,llllcd \laler turd dilute (ll 1001101 liltcr if Ilc'l:C":.Icy. This solutiou is ""I ,1;11'1.: ;llld ShOllI,! I...., ,,,;,11..: 'II' rj'o.:,,!l IIhe" oI~o.:,,,nfl,,>ici"lI .wcur , :1' l;\i,I':Il\',l! hI' lLIII.C'lill~ "I" 1110.: ,,,lIl1h'lI. 1t'.u.oI1, \\id,in;1 \\;;d. 17.2.:LJ. ,·11111"""'''11/ ('hI,'rid,' S, li,m. Din,oIh;:>O !i "I" ;111"'''11'1''111 o.:h),lIi.l..: in ,Ilsldkd 11;,1":1' ;111.1 <llhrl..: lu I turc. 17 ' , l. 17..:! ..:!.5 . 17.~.~.1l. 1',,[,/.>.Iill1/1 Iko",,,,,'·!J'·"lIIi,/..: S"IIl/ivlI, appro.\i'll;)I..:)) 0.1 2.78~ s "r p,Hassilllll brom.uc ill dislilkd wutcr, a,IJ lu blllll,ld..:, Ji,:>,,!l..:, ;111.1 dihuc 1\' I iii,...: vith distillcd \I;lk1. p"/,, '.1';11111 1",Ii'/,·. l'lj,I,lb. ..lmll/,II,illlllll14/ro,xif/c --- ('om:Cllll"ilh:d, N. Di:>suhe ;: or p.uussium J7.2.~.7. ('M'/I,l"'-lIl. 17 ~ ~.H Sla,.d/.·· lid"J I '-' <II' soluble :>lan.:h inru u slJUludl n.e.to \11111:1 linlc wlJ dislilkd 1I";IICf al1d pour it 11110 I liuc 01" hoiling di~lilkd water lIilh l,lIhlaul ~Iirrill~. Boil for [ minute, uud .dl,lll" tu (;\101 b..:I,Jrc U:>":. Tlli; solution ahuuld be used rl·..:,hly prcp.ucd. 17.2.1.9. Sottuan ThiuIII!td",1.' Siock S"/II/i"lI. 0.25 N..- Dissolve (,::! I: sl1Jium Ihio:>lIlph;ll":, (N'I,S,O" 511,0) ill'] litre or \'OPP":f-I"I''':':, fr..:shfy boiled and cooled distilled \\':.IlCI, :.Idtlinl; J Ill! chloroform tlf HJ 1Ill; mercuric iodide 10 stubitisc the Solulion. Allow 10 ~taiHI For several days before !I,C. 17.1.2.10. SUlfillm "1111'0.'1111"""'-' WUJ'kill,f Svfl/lion, O.U25 N..- J)illll..: 1110 ml .1<Xi soluriun 10 I lure wllIl·,,;,)p!?c,-lr..:..: 11..:,111)' l>ulk,l ;111..1 0.:\"11..:..1 ,iislill<.:U water, a,i,iill\: I 1111 ,'lIiu,.ul~lrJll'''' 10 "'Il ""''-'''''';'' io,J;,J", 'l'!>i~ ~ ....hrli,," i~ 1'.... )UIl ably )1,,1>1..: bUI il ~/,vtlld be )lalluLlnJiseu .,gail1~1 pnlLlssiwll dichrouunc ~ll rrLqllcnl iUIO:I'I"als. SI'lfC ill all amber !llass boule willi a rubber ~lppp.:r all,l disL',I,d an)" sululillll rCll1uillilig in the burcHo: <II the cud or rhc LIar. 17.2.1.11. SI,m.lwd 1',,/<1\);1/1// Oid/f/lll/lllt: SII{I/(iu/l. O.tJ~5 N... Oissulvr: l.n6 I! 01" 1"..:'hHI:.ly drtccl (I":,Cr,O:) ill Jis(ill..:d water mlJ Jihue tc I tilrc. SJ'III,/.,nli."lIi'!/1 11/ S"r/illlll ~"'iu,w",{"'I/" S"/lIlion. I)i,~"h" ;lppr""illl'1lclr 2. b p01assiUll1 I(luiu": (KII, l'r..:e from iudntc, ill au Lrtcnmcvcr Ilusk ,,"ilh 100.] ~o ",I ,li"ill,>,1 "'''''r, "JJ 10 ",I I I 9 ~1I11'],u,.i" (lL'i,1 1'"lIo\\eu hy e";I<:II)' 20 nrl stundard L1it:!lrolllalc soluuon. Place in the ,bd; ("I' 5 ll1ill1lh';~, dillllO: 10 I 01' 400 ml (lull tiuurc wilh Ihio\lllrh:.llo: 1IIIIil a p;ll..: Sll';l" l"t11"11I is reached, add starch aull iiuvuc unul colollrks~. II" II,..: Illi"\l,[phalc is nol cxacrly 0.025 N 'HIJusl it until it is. \,1) Sloe}.. .sulllfi"lI. dilllle 10 I lure. Dissul ...c I b: of phenol ill distillcd »utcr a11l1 SIi.HIJ,lfJi,e a, directed below. Dihuc 10 IllI of stock solution In I li!re OIlC ml of lhis sohuion ";utll,,ins 0.01 Illg !1I1<TUlr diul.: S"llIli"", II ith ,Jisljlk,J w;rll:r. (10 llgl "r p"CIlOI. (1-) SI,mrl",d Solllli"". - Dilute 5 1111 .,f iUlc(lllellialc sUluli"n lu ':;1111 1111 wun lIi:;(lllcd \\''II..:r, One nil pf lilis sotunon l.:unl"IIlS 0.1 Ul; or p!u.:1101. SllIlHlm,!i,,'li"l/ o{ !'It"/wl S"ll/liollJ". Place ;lpproxilllaicly 100 1111 uf dislillcd 1I;ller il1;1 500-1111 glass·sIOPI'lCreL! E,klll1lcy.:r flask and (l,JJ 50 Inl ,,( I'h':Il' d ~l"..:l, ~"luliiJn, T o lhi.. uJJ "".....ll, 10,0 1111 ul"potusstum t>1',lrn;llc h,()l11i,l,; .sphlli'll1 r"oll"wcJ by <IPPf<lxil1lalcly 5 1111 t,l"':111l..:elllraleJ hydrochfc ,I< ;ll'id. ~\\irl gelllly wilh tb~l 5lopp~red II' brown colour ur free l'I,lIlli"..: d"c; 'IC,I p"r,i~l. uJd hr'lIl"Ollc·II""lliJ..: s"llilioll in exuct 10,1111 portions mui! lnonunc colour dLles pcrsisl. 'slllPP..:r ;1l1,J allow I.) stand I'llI' III Jllhllllc,;. alld u.cn a,Ju approxuu.ucly I g ,,( pula"iLlIl1 iodide. Four 1(j'llll [JlulirillS or the brom.uc-bromidc soluuou nrc rcquu'cd ir the Sind, ~"ILlli'l1I l",l(ll"i'h 1.(X)() mg!1 phClhll. Prcpurc a hl:lI1k in e~"":IJy the snrnc manner, u,iug JisdlleJ wurer ;lI1J III ,,,I "r l"",,~.i,,'n bn}n"'I"-bn>llliJ,, ~o]uli<.>'" T;Ir<>1..: o"lh l>lullk aluJ illnpk uuh O.(J25 N s,lJilllll lhiusulp!l;r!c ~Ollllil1l1, using siurch soluuou a.'i indic.n.u. I'bcno! ill 111~/1 { A, U 10 C }, 7.8]' A mlof 0.025 N sodium rhiosutphurc stllllliun used fbi' blank. D . lltl of p01ussiuIll brcnunc-brouudc solution used fur salllp!.,;. ( ." IIII 1>1' 1I.11:!.' N SOuIunt ttiiuaul pllal<=. sulullun used fur sample. ~I,\lldl~ 01 ;>\\',\:111"-1'11 J ).2,) Afh;r complctiun "r II,..: 1'I..-li.III";UY ~o.:l":":lIill~:. d"I':llllll'''; hi ,I pl.:lillllll;lJY check the prop..'!, ali'IIl,,1 ,If rhc di,till'lll,; IU usc f,lI the lill;d dd":l'lIl1ll.lli,l; Thi~ U);,y be J'lll": by ..:alfyiug out 11.-.: ,,,.l..:li"l1 ill 51Hlli Nc-c.lcr lull..:~ ;Ill" ..'","pa, ill!!, "I'.';'"1" .. ,,, I./., .,,,nl.,HI.. J" d,'., ~';J', " fl,' "],).,, .. ,f. ,,'J)' c'"L.,·II .... IS Ih:..:..:,,~;II)·. Oilillo.: III.' ;1,,li.';llnJ ali'l''''l III .ilkll\ll "ill, .lhlilk,1 \\all.'l .'11111'1'1,,' III II 1·lil ....: I>o.:itl...:r. Sil"ilady 1I1":!"I)": ,I bl:lllk ;lml a WI''':, ,>I' 51~)'lIol I'h~lh.1 ~(;tIIJ,llds I.'IWI'"l1llll; 5. Ill. zo. JIJ. -Ill ,I lid jlJ III; "1·l'h~'hoi. Tr..:al Ill": S'llllpl..:, hl.1nf,. alld ~l;llld'l..d.> as f"Il,II\'s: ".1.1 !II 1111 "I' ,HIIlIII' 11111111 dlllln,l" ~"l\ltll'll aud "Jjllsl \\ilh "lIlllhlililllll 1,)Jt\l\id,; 1111111 1'1111,0 ; 01"- O.:!. '['Iii, lISH,III) h,"lui,,:s fl'lull J,5 II' iU .ul "r ,"lUll"lliuUl Io}Jrl.l ;o..iJc. Tmll~l,r \'.' >,·p'lrillilll: fUlw.:b. 111..:11 nd.l J.lkl uti aill;llll,"11i[I)nnC ,,,1,,(;,,,,. 111,-, i"""..lIi,ud)'. ,,,.hl J.lIa IlIl l>UI".uilllll 1-...·"i~'J,,,,id" :-lIhni,'IL <lml uguin Illi, illlllh.:di;lh:J>'. ,.\ll.l\\ III SIOlIlJ ) miHlIl":s allli .:\H;ll.'l 1111111( di<lkl)' \lilh ..'hh'lIlf"rm. IISil\~ :!5·ml fur a 5-"111 cell alld jll'lIlll",II" 111-';1Il .'..:11. I ihcr "::ldl Ill' II,..: ..:hl'Il"r"llll ,,;,\Irads 111l'll'lgh I"l'ill..:,l-gI"" [nunds ":Ulllail\ill~ il j-~ 1;\)<:.- of allyh\lfOllS SUuill\l1 ~ltlphah,: .. ":,lll.·dilig Ihc dncd ('Xlnll:b ill iiI)' h,,·;lh·I':;. D,ll)])1 ;I.ld llIilll.' L·i!lOfll/;>fIl'. u..·;/J t}"·;/h,,,,1J. .mcc ur the s,lIHI'lL' uncl ~1'1l11.bnls ;1,:"iIlSI Ihe bfunl, ill the '1>0.:..;[1 "pll. ''''I1,..:1cr. ar a W;.l\·..:!t:ll!;lh 1I1' ..h~l "111. ll~illl:" 5·';111 ..:..:11 all,l Itl·..:", ..:..:11 \lith the ~5-1II1 allU 5U"lll ":'.II"'ld'; 1,,~p~o.:li\..:Ir. 1'1,,( alJ."l'iMII":1: \,a!llC:s a<:;li"~l I'h':lIo.>1 ",,,,,,,·,,1,',,,;,,,,,, Ii" II,;.'I''',;c"", ..1 "I' ,h.· ""'''''''''.1,..""" .... 01,... 1"'~I,,-1 ,:ullh.:nl "I 1I,,~ S;III1P},,:. I? ~.·L ("I'/II"/'v,,. Ill. 1",IIIU."·;All<lt' '>I' 'u .\1). 11'.',,': Th·~ an"lpi, :ih,",ld rc v.n ricd ""I ill <lilfu:o<:J liglll a~ bli;;hl :illnlil:M l":I:Js ,<\ d';~ll'l)Y dnhizcnc uud Jid'I.WIl'Ih:S. Grc.u L'H..: ~h"llid be lak~1l Ih'lI 11'0: re ..g":llb ,IllJ ;ll'p,lt','11l> arc nee Irore l .... J ... ,,1 .'Ih.. ,. ,,, ....Hlb. Is.t. .·I/lpC/rlllliJ. Sll<:Lln'I,I'.OI"""':I"I' h,.- II.....: ,,151011111. Il; ., /I, '11!!,·"t ,. IU.2. ta.a.r. I.I·U,}·/};./' J)oIlML'- jJ!.w}f, ',I JI ;IJ.'J'. J'Ilj W,,:p'I/';, I;, '11Ill" 1',';,gdl/:. ,/lid JiJ<lliott water. ,·l/1l/1I01/1I111/ Ill"./n!.lid... 2t:·:!:') p!:l' ..·..:1\1. lc.nl-Ircc. .,1",,,,,,,,;,,,,, (·.I·,,,,;,/~' .\""/,,,;,,,,. \);"",,1,.... ·Hl g I",l"~~it",, o.:>""i,l" (I-:Ct>;j j. 801Illll;,l..:r. /;'\(1';«:1 Ilti~ ",,,IW;\l1l ;epl.·;H~·,lly with Itl ml ptlnilllls urO.IXlJ PCI" I:CIlI dilhilOIl": un.ilrhc li,Sl purtion r,,:ul,;in~ green. '1 hcu w.. sli slliulio" \\illl ..:!Jhll"f,,"ltl lllllil til", "'.Ir,)~'( rcuuuus ctc.u-. .'\.1<1 I.I(~) 11I1'1I11111"lIium hydl'Il.\i,1..: hI lit;: p"l,,:-~iltll' ~'l";lnid.: ~\lhlli\JlIlolld umkc up thc ..::Illit..: llIi'IUI' I" ~ lill ..·.. wilh \I"k, :.1<".; ill ;I 1:1.,~,.·"t"l'l'..::,,-,lI [l)'lC:.\ 1,,'llk. '0 " ';lldHII~~ [m •.----- ~ 1/11111 ll! Cl.] ql I'l!;l-T 000'1 \( q.f :1m ·/I".lII'(".'/Il.) '1"11 ":",\)11.' lInll~.lqllr.:l IHrH[ '1,1 :'1111 pI':"}! -exoqn ~r,rr.l'lI'll~ :>'1' ,1l'1 ~1~ p;'l:'l;'lPI,1 '11.\\(111 ~rJn :'l'p 11I!'\' UO!J:'lll1fllO.", II! 1I1:'1lpllll.l pllr. Slln~ln\O~ rrr.rtlr.l~ (> 11'.l1l :"lUll ;"1.11:(1:'0.1(1 01 O~l'l ;llqr.~!i\rr. ~! I! ';:>Hl!l :'>\lII!S :llJl II! P='lI!IlU;lpr fillFIl:l S! :'I.\IIP 1I(l!,IlJq!]11:'1 ;:up SS;lllln "1IN1flll'11111 ;lIp S1'! ,(11/1\ emus ;l'll II! 1I!:>11 r":" .I:"I!!." l':'lll!,S!p-'lqnop fi,,!sn ~(lr.lq li01<'.ll'(hllO:1 n J.lr.tI:>.l,1 "Ill' Or 111'''111 01 ;'l}1!' ,,<I,:.,;] 1"'" P!:l1l "!,'''I'I ....''·'I'·('I r ' r llli I 1'['1' '11.1 ~" ["::'11 0'1", O~II (J' Olin) :'I1I1I1!l:l110;l .1:"1111,1\ Jll :>llllll",\ :"IClI',Hl1< r. :'>1"1 .. "",dll/"S .P/". II "~I .'.rI'I'.'."'.I,/ ',ll':"II,I:X1 rrl101,s tF'fl[" ;>,\.111."' lI"fl!ll<1 '~\\',~ \\~\\\'~\\\7I;\\\"7\-7I:'I'l\'Ij "q\l1111 11'1.1 -ml, ll\<; ll~ ~11\\~lnl"~ I'\\'l'\\\~\" :"11\ .til :>:mr.q.ro"CjI! :llil :lUlUII:"l;}f1 pur. :'I:lur!II!IIl~l11:ll 111:",1 l:ttl n01 w '1111:111 :"lfl PS 'lpml IlJfi!1 HI;'! '[ lilOllT' .10 ]I;l .... Ull!llI.10H]U ,{)P r. Olll! 1~;l,1 ;llil 1;>.l"U1:.rl rill: pr.,I]'>:;> IIl,lClJOllIIIF' 1111 '[ 1".l!1 ~111 prn ....~ICl ·:llr.-'r:d;>~ PI "1;'(1:1 :"111\\011': 1'1I1: :lllltl!1l1 1 .10.1 .(1"llllw:'i!A :l'fr:qS '/11"1.1(>,(11'.1 J! {/(>!II!'/'" "'('/" ,1·'11.10 ,'11.l ';}l107l1ltir IlI ........ .l:ld 1(111'0 lltl 0;: A]pr.X;} pllr. H011111"" :or!lI1:(.'" [1: :"II:] 1I0Hllllr: 11lI r; 'll0~ Jnl"~ :OP!l"lll ..... ).1 po( Il au !1l1I:l'( XOJ1',-{1I IIu <; PI": P':.1\ '(;) r!:-'~ :Olll o.r. ·UUI~IO,I(llll·'" .... ql [l11: S!(1 'ouuuru r ::J'Imls r1W 1'].... 1: .... 11\111 (,(, I I J" Ill! <;;: rl'l: ~Pl:.I]'<:O 1':0111<11110 :llfl 0.1. '1':-l'luI:IFllItl <;llP:HI;>' lI"II,I IlI I 1"1:] ;-'l!I 11] .1110]n... :011\ Hilill ....110-"ll"!' III" ,,<I ~OIY() -'0 suruuod jill s: 'll!" spu".......,.; 111' 111.1 ,(1<;lItI,ll1:::!'. :=;11I'1t'q~ .(q l I~.1I~71 'PUtltlJ :'iWI':Jl!d:l<; I: III ,I;llqll',ll pur. lo:!~'J ·;lr!\·I.tl'.(q 1I11l]IIClllllllr: Ill! i: pili: \!Ol!1l10<; :':11:,111 .... !I1111pO" Jill III rpl! 'Ill! 01' .(PII!lIl!\f\lddl· 01UIlIl.l(ld q.WJ ;llluotll!":l ·pl.... l: ....llOltl,... 'up,{lj \ ( \ V' \ltl \ ~~I~ I,'\~;I\ ~\I<t srfn '\iHI '\:n'f\ ',lyn -uro '(,,\P:Ilj) tl I'pl: '.1 ....1'·\\ r;>II!I"!r-;llqnnr .Ill ~llnllJnd [Ill filII n.1. .,J,l.IIl.) IIt'.I/II,''1,'fII,) I' "",II,',mtl.u,1 ;>lh'-'J1J111' ~~:>.n::l :>",\1U;l.1 (II lIU"JO.Il'I'I:1 III!" II~I~A\ ·ll:l:l.l:i S'I!I~llt:l.1 IIf'!I.I'''' l"I~I'''''II 1!!llIl :ll107!lflIP 111:l.1 .1;>-.1 S:O(l"O Jl1 ~lI!1!llllll IItI 01 II!!" p"II":1 ,1"11'\\ 1111 0(, III ()'II;:: ·:{)'\\·.""~~I "'l""~'" """'i'''~ 9: \\\ .....,'('\~,.,(\ -, '''''''''/''F.· 1>"'1'.) """/'''.'.' 'WI J.,d q,J :ill! ron 01 11l:lIf'AlIIlJ:l eq 111\1 1I11!IIIrrl~ :l11'I'!' ~!l! I. 'W'!lllllr n;: "! I I! :lJl:\bltl "!I!l 11ll1,1.1 ''1,1 ~r: rr::lI:i1l! ['{1 (lJ Iu"'p· \!"b"·,, IIn]1 n'l1~ ~Jl[l.l0 1111 ;"IU() .1')....,: ,"'!II!II (.li I, (IP!\\ Illl nos: 01 :1]l1pI' pili: ;>\I(l~~!C1 ':)·,011 II' '('ONN.1 ..... WI III I Pl~""1 :; H{,S"rlii .{,If] '/I"-'/II/"S /"'.,'1 /'-Ill/''''''.\' '(i(i' I '1'."1' .'U/I,\' . \ I I --, '1""\' ''-I''I'r-''''I'.lf/ ']111 nOI ('II till .... 'p:lll I'll\: .I,:>]I~" r ....IIP~lr lit (1.)11 'I 10'1 n~) :'I'! "'IQ"'''11' (If ~lllllll:I.{"n,lp'<ll :; Ol: "·\I"~~!(I .- -",'t/II/"S "1',""'/'/-""'1'·1'(( ;'m"'''I,l'''''·'I'·l.,/ '~,(I:r I~I"\·"'~"'.I ;>lql~J~ S! lI(l!JIIlllo; ~PI.l ''flrT :>111 U! 1 OJ' 11; 11011nlo~ d:l:l)l -osn "Illj-"'q r;"l'f .......lp:'ll] P!'lClIlo; IIl:;U.....us ~I! 'lp;!Ij:l.ll" It! SSPI .... \!~!':lJ:;"I(' .\\oq" II!" 1I0!111]1l" :l1111!P "!11I ~V '/Ilil Olf ,,; 'fl1lq<1I!1: ;';1I!"1l .l;"lPlllOlOlldOJI:l~I<; 1111," ;,"!P,ll'P'IT:\S ·W,1ClJ0.l'I\'FJ ql!·\\ nu ons III "011"1'''; (ll"''''!'ll!r ""'(ll~ I'" 001 "1"1'<"1 )\"'.-' ".~.1 I(X'!'O -''''!'''I''S' ·""·~"II!(II'·".,.m·fS 'v~r :lIPll! C-.. 1'1'101' \1: Id.... 'tJ! c'f;Y,'l\\ I'!';"l\:l<; .10./ :"1<)"1" c! W'!II1I"" <;!II I. ·llun,lol"III .... ;"11111 ] '" ....1I1l71·'111~J .l'lIlll'{U:"'111!P ~1l1 oS' :llfn~~l(] ·1" .... :-> ,I:ld ~(l(rn 'W'IIII/"S' '''''',-11(//(( 'f-'''/~' ''''''''(''''''1'', , (1)£'1(11 .~;: In' :!;! '""'''1'' I\JI"nN T("Ill TeRl I''''fl''/I l U It--;:'lIl .() I .,"lll 'r,'Zlll '~'i:'.'l.l "L'l"lll ·'.n:·:<I1 YZ'lli '1 ','fll II). DI.lLl(~Ll;-.;.\llu;, '" 1'111,.,1'11 vrr.. . Ip~'IIf(jIllJ. /~,I 1. A,"/(I·w~.lk'd CIWUIlW·':.·~ "')1/)" IlWy be of gr':;JJ JHlj)llfLJlKL:, Jl;JJU':UL.!r1y when lJ..::I"::l'IIlillill~ lUll' o.:oj\0.:"::1l1r.,liuLlS of phosp!l;Jl"'. I'h".phah: 0.:,"11~. miuuuon is cumuron uII'ing 1\) the fllflll:lti,lll ,If !J,ill Him:> lIl' ,ldS,ll'lIli"n 'If II'Li.l tlxld..:: fihus nil ~I;l's\\;uc. ('''/lIIm'rd,l! I/.-f,·/.,.,·W.i nmluiuilllj/,Ill'II,IiU1t )'1101111/ b" lIl'uM"II. (i 1."sI\Jn.: .h'U1IJ be .:k.llh.:d \1itII 11111 dilute II) uh>l.lll,lflc a.:iJ aud rill:,o.:u well Ililll di.lillo.:,1 \\',110.:1". 10,1.1. Spc·i.:/I'opl",I",m·kl·. - h.lr Ii~o.: u, (,l)U IllU pi \I, 1.11L1~ a Ilblll p.ul, uf al Io.:au J "",. I ~.~ l. I'J.:!.2. 1').2.J. J 'J.. -1. I '.l.~.(j. ' . .1..\/d'... ,," f'lt"/UI{/.{,lIw{dll 11l,li1'lJlII' SlJ{n/J,Jll, .,. Oi..uh C j g pl.L:lh1lphlll'lkulll\ )1I0JlII 95 per ecru ,11,,;,,11,11 ,'I,J add 5UU ml "f Ji,lillo.:J 11;)1":1. '11,,,11 aJJ il,U! N "hlilllll hyd..,),\i,k auld .. f"illl pill!. L:ol'HII' app<:'us. SUUIII{ .ki,1 .',:;"lll1iu,1. :. SI'I\\"ly ..J,l JUll Inl C,1IIC":1l1mh:d slllplllLLi..: ~..:id l,' allOlll ,..00 Hli dislilkJ watcr, whcu (;,Illl ;.lJJ -I.lll1i1 (;ull,,:cllll.. kJ nitriQ aciJ :J1l,1 dilute 1" I litre. rtll/lllUlliwll ,\IvIY/>dllh' SlrullIj Add S"llIlioll. --- Oi»olve J 1.-1 ~ <Illulh'niUln m.rlyluhue I {NJ I ,LI\1C J,O",.1I u» lllul\,'ul ::!OtllllJ Ji,!iI!.:J,\;tlcL C'llIliUlhJy u.tct 25:! 1\11 o.;ulH,;clllral"u ,ulplluric ack! 101 -100 1111 di,tilkd Willer. ("wl, add 3.-Iml r lJU....cut ..;llc<.! niuic .11.:1<.1, .IJ,llh~ 1Ill1lybdJk :."IUli"ll, :.111.1 JillJlc I" I lit ,.". Awiml No/,full,,{ Sul/,III'lIil' .·ki,l S"/,awli. -. \Vcigh Ollt ,..:pan'ldy 1l.l5 1-urllillo-:!·'I'lpl'II"lj·-I·'Ulllll'OI,i..: ,h':IJ Ill''': <lilly a po\',d"r ,1111<;11 l> ['ale pin], ill CUllllll'); -I::! ~ allhnllO\lS ~OJilllll slilphil..: (Na.S()..); ;.IIlJ 7n s ,."JuUl\ md"l>i'llll'llil~ l;.!so I:,Llkd sodium, p)"I\I,HJphile) IN;I,S;CJ.J. 'n"ll,,"~hly grillJ urc :iulphulIi.: :I('id \,ilh a small pl,llilill df lile N:I,S,lJ. Pl,\\'J":1 ill ~ c1<.:;11l Jry IlIlIH'H. Di,s"h" rue r";Il,ailllll<,: ,,,,h~ ill I','ul '.iUU 1111 di"llIcJ lI'ill;;r; db,.,I"..: III": lludy gnu!"11 ~Ull~hlllll": ildJ ill Ihi, mixlure uud <Ilhlle III 1 litre. Sl"r" ill a III """I 1I1,.".-,lopp", ... 11 Ill'lile ,II ,I l"lllllCl'<LlllIO: H'll c\l:.:o:.!iJll: J{) C. TIJJ'> .-;"J"lj"" ""i;1 I.."·"",,, >h~),llj' ,h.,·"/",,,,:,/ It ilh Im,l.'; I,.>I\->,:I'llr, illll'l .:,",I:lI11ill"l..:d, it "ill gil''': ,>,lli,I'",,1<0l}' 1'':,1111, 1',,1' 11",,1 "',"l 1'.11' -I Ilhllllhs ,If I'luro.:. I "rIll..: lI11I.'l prn'i~.o.: "."rI., di.,..:;ud II;..: ,,,IUlioll "h..:n I<:sl' Ill:IJc wuh slalldal'J" ,1"", ,,·do.:,'i;i1l.1l1 ["Hllll ..:,,[Ll,r<lli,,u "I ~ 11(( C":11I "I' ":UI"':lllf;,li.HI. ' SI""k Ph'"I,/i"I,' S"luli,lII, ,- ))I>,.,[IC ill di,lilkJ w"l..:I'{).7Icl) b plll~.'IUln Ji!lyJr"!;:":1l I'hU'llh,,1.:. (1~IIYlJ,,) which Ihl~ been drio.:d ill <Ill ,l\L;II"l 1I1)'C Di/tjl": Ihe :,"/1I1ioll 1,1 J ,11I;U 1111; I.Ill) IIIJ . U.5/X) 1"y.J'P,. Jl'lIr~ ill;:' fill/Wlii/'" S/lIUliulI. - nilul.: 11M} ,0 Il!l ~Illd, [lh(l~l)h'll~ sululi,lnl/l 1,000 1111 "ill. IJi'>lilk'l ".110.:1 TlLb >!!hui"ll ••\1111:1ilb (I.l)~tl IIlg I'll, per LUll ru], II" IH~..:il;llali"I' J"l:' "":~'lln.:J J'llll'!> II".: lLI'I,>p,lllllll: "I" li,,,: ,allipk. mix did ,,11~'),) ;!'hJ Jj)I~J ,I 1','l'jj,'JI "f Ill,; )->;1101'1.: lll,,,u.!,;11 'In a"id,w'I,llo.:d. hard, lillhll, Ii"..: hh..:{ p.I\)':I·. II rhc 1<1 I ,.r the ';llIlplo.: i. I..:» Ihilll.J, ,Jill,l'" jn.u ml 10 IllO Illl ill ;( 1'.. lwIICll'i..: noLl I~ilh di,lil!..:d W'II..:r, ,Ill.! mix ll"'''''''l:hll·. lfsc ihis dIIHl';.[ ."11'111..: III d ....: 1:"Il""j"b .,I":I'~ II" lh..: pll I> ,,'..:"1.'1 lh,," 10, J2 " ·\.It'1I111~'~ 'l;'l()l~ :lln ffull11m' ,Cq r:-p:PlI H~ ,(!llC"-'J P:'lJt:t!:'lJd::'lq tvnut PUI: :"((\"1" In" :Hr: CIl('!IHl"C ,!(l.!! 'lllqm\\ :'<Il,l -srpnoru rr..r;"lA:'lc IP) :"1'11'1<: :"'tt: CU"~I 1\1"<; :'I\l!l'\lI11lll'll:'>'lil T"\ji~ :'l\I!\'ll~I,('x'\II",(ll :'>\1.1. 'f\:'Ij:'ldlh~l<: ,<Il\l~!' .11 .(r"'\\\~\ . rill ,'IQ'!lc ,"Ill! <ll('1\<lj"" Ill") ,:mle rill: 110111111'<; :'ltt:!;'!.... r. WlHlI,ntl"lI: '1'1:'1' :JUPlll.111JjJ'<lr :'Ill ";"Iff!'.!IlI< ,11.1 r;1rll;'lIlItHO,...;lJ :1.It! c:'1(l1oq r"',I;'l·.I\h'l-.;·:-;.;q~) "I';llll\l:,;,u "': 1;'I1I:1I r"1II1Qp ....:'O'l-un'! -un.rr til .....O! oq lCIl!!I Cll' ....;'\I::'I1 !IV ·.flll,I·~I/·W 't'ot 'LT'~ rtoz '''/IIIII,M,.. . 1'0(; 1.... ;~II('r .l1'tll;') 1 10 \Ill~t\ )'1""1 \' ';';lI\I1,"O.I1:1 11m I'll(; l'r. :>«11 ,11'.1 .... ·.!.'PIHl'IIl!ld".n~,,,ls '~;'lc<'(LI nd ,I"'I pro .!I">.l ".I1~ \,.ccj·l~ 111 II ("rdtll')" 111l·:" , I: ,r. 11l C.',d ,\pH,,',I",.1 'I 'puI" ....pl'O' lin" r:'\ql(l~rll.ln 111m lr~'rl ;>111 .~.IPI!'''.1 I"I· I'H) U! '."I~n PI ,,"wi .I."lW,\ P."llll'·11' Ill!\1 1'::'I<::LllJ I'"!' !'L'" .)!I1'II!'/"I',(11 r·~II'.Illl:>,'Il".' 'I II '.1 I';>lf<::l~.\\ ::'10.1 l"I1W ;lJ'~ \\~<::I~I~ II';" - ·.l}II.".rl'''/.'J I'·"f'·"·'l-I'/ 'I 'Nfllil l(' N,.I.I'."Nll'nnl·lfl 'fle ;;[/11', 'o.t ~r..~ll~q,k"'lrl~·L"r'O d ", "1I'q<l , 11,1 :lrtlllll!" ,W lil'l\! ll) 'f,,, 'l: .-'1':'1,1''''1[,1 ooo'r " '0,1 ~'" '111'.1/1'1'1'1" I Tea ';'>l'l'W :'I([~ '-'1"':"1 IllI)) '\l'f' 11-":'''' :'I.-'"" ", "'lrlllll:~ ,I" I."": 'I·":·" t]Jl.'\ P:"lS:>l ~J rl"mj" r,lprHllm ~U(l l~r.~, IV ';I.\tI{P~ 1';'I{.I!,J:lPP vu \1:>11~~,\1 ·'I'.rr.pUlrJ' "":l\(l"'('rl<l .Ill .I~l!lIlHI ·~lqr:J!I1" " ((1\','.1 ':lll~r"'-',' ·'·"""I,"'t'l" 3:p fil1l1111jd .cq r:l!I!I~Jqo tl :l~m,' <::111.1. ':'lA,In:"! r.H~{Jlrr:I' :1\\11'1 ~1\IPI::'l,1 :-1)1 :1'lI!.U:'lp-' ,(q \1:"1~1 :lldllll:' :'I'p II! :"I1r:qd<::0lld-PTfJ-1('1)('I I'p1I:'1,I\ ;>lfJ IIIr:llfO '<:::'Ildlilr:<: ;>;'I)J-:"I."U" 1:'11111 JI1 ,I;lIllllt\(l r: ,10.! I'~n :'Iq !It! .. '!11t:rq .1."11 1'\1 r'~111 1<::'11 ~110 '1"""':"1" ..... 1"' ~""""""".':l ....."lj '1"'" ....·.....'1 ," T'''"l~" ....'1 '''''-'' ~""~ IIII"" I'!--'" ;~ '" "I' II"" III \1' r!:>T:·:!1I0.1,<:: ;'\1(11111\\ J'='IHII1W :>Im:s :lll' Ll! r:Jrr..",I/ .1;"11:'\ r,"rln~IU 'l'('II"jm :>ll:l'q);r('ltl! :Jlp./P ;>,~I:l(' "! 1':>"11 ~I IInlln)o.. 1'1'''''l-~H('I-'I<:: lI:'1l K1:I:"I'(:' .r:,,> ll~ ;"lUll'" :"II{I ,(tlJr''':'- 'II :->jtl'\II'<:: ;:"rl \'''lJ.! '1(II'IQ ,"Ifl l'Ilr!!!:(l.~I\1 '(II (':lIITII11!1'1,".rn r:"l:'lnr:>J ,(pl~;'IJ:;"1 ;'tl!llI,I,Il!."1 rill! IInlll?""IIJ .(Q rr·"I Hl:",~ 11111 ~lll;UI.IHJ 'llw/(1,"1 1II11.t.! ~:">11~.\;"lJ1:l)1l1 '1111:1Q .1;)\10.1(1 o til!.'" ~,'lIl:q,W\(I'~ <'.1.'1 01 111:>"'".'1<::1" :"lIp illlll~f1rpr: ',qll:"'I,rr,~llllll(l'ld m"ltl.' ;'\~p ;)}\\~r,:"I\\l '~~lnll~10 ~ .<p...,?\(" r·'!.J'r r.i.or - fJ;:) :"IH1rr:-",dtl!:"I) ;>((Ir," ."'1[1 P::>lf 1'111"1/" <"!lllIlI'''!'1'1"' '''p'''.pIW\<:: '\l1l.'~1::11 :'llll ':"1 IIIIlop,dlll:"ll "Hl W:"Ir l1;1d:"fl :J) I! Jtr:>illc!{'I;) l:'ll' .In")Il.' .l"" ]I 'II ,"1I!Il p"" """,' "'I' ""~"!S '",nn" """ 1''''' I",..~n"., f'~.", ·"~'''''l·,ll'''' I'" n-'~ f'I'V :1111l.1r,\\" ,!;\l '\1111 pili: UO!J:'/"" P!·"I:-..n:rq,(loll' I'll fit: PI'\' ''1'1:[1 F·{,"lH 1I:'rF, 1ll1-~;: I .III' '11l:.~I,~ I) (lJ!H :">ldll!l~" .rIT:"II." ,1(\ \,:'>t;\\lll ,I" )111 InK :'ll:"ll,) '!~\\:'\" ~llil \\\ 'II",! :>'·11 til I':>"n Ill!" 'I :>!,Iwr:>.; l':'ll}I'P.I" )11l O'Of q~n"lrrl'~ 'O~ H"I ~t: 'I III'!lq .n.'Ir.,) :}lll 111 ·.. .'\jd'lfl'~ l[lr., :1111 1!I<JWltll[fln lId .IOJ [tu 001 "I P.'\II\)I)\ 11;";1'1 q:q "JdUH!<:: 11!\lI:iUI'.I" pll O'O!.'" ':'/dlUr.:>::> .rn~I '.'IrITlll;>q t~nrl! 1If1!"TIW'I':.) Il?lI!1 .'1111 III .. ;lldllll:~ nu.. .1l1 IInrll~I;>.ldJ;))lI! l;'l:"l.l./{);l ,:"rIll ':'1'1~111 ;'>.lr "PPllrTIlI' W'lIN..l '11\1 onl "I fiuI'''I'!' ;lrnpq 11('lln["~ 1'1:>1:-:"11(\.11" 'II!" .Ill1'!"." ('-".I :"Illi "~·"'q·~"!I' l"!" ·~I,I,,,,,~ .I" J'" fl'('r pI ."'I""!!"" "'''1'''1''1'1)'''''''1.1,''' ,1"", I rr" (I IL,,(.,':~t: I II' :~l1"1""~\l' ·,,'ll'l\\'" . ---------- .... 20 .jf. 2U.2.1. 2u.1.3 ~\l.25. 11.1",1""111,,,;" f<-id. . - Lcurccunatcd. 1I."II".I,d'/lIIi",' Ii"'".~'('/rl. - - I)i~~"ho.: 10 !!. JI)dl,,~)I;II1;ill': l'ld",\hl.lli\k (Nll,()IJ,lll'll ill IOU Illl di,'lill..:J wurcr. .III"It,,,,iI'lII In'!flk If/'I/"" S"/lIIi,,,,. ~ Ili),,·!lo.: 2.'0 g ,1IulIHlIlilllll il\;clatc ('II,('()ONILI ill 1511 1111 \li~,ilk:\J \\ill":l". '\lhI70;lllrll~I;;..;I;,1 ;Il'cllo.:add :111,1 diturc III I lil'o.; (Si'I":o.; CI'CII ll""d l~I',l\k ;lIllll;,'lliwll ;1\','I;'k ",nl;lins II ~il:llilk,'''l ,'11"'11111 "f i'-'III, II':" 1000!i.:l\·II,'o.; '1:llIdald~ ,h""loI 1,0.: 1"":I':lIed will; Cih.;[1 l-"llkl 1'''.I,:'';'li''I1). "(lrl/lI/lllif"li,h' S"{I/IIIII!, - lJis:iuhc U,I gill" 1,ll,·plll'lI'T1lllrl"lillo.; 1111'1)(' IIp.halo.: It ,,11..r",.II"()!. ill roo 'Ill Iti~,illnl ".'01" I,! "i"i,,:, .",,1 1.....,li"I' ,,, SO C; do I",t I",il I)i~,'itl,l 11,1: )\,II,li,,,, if il d"II,o.;I". Ik;III"I: i) not lICLCSS:"r if .:0 dl"'ps .,( c,H'U':lllr;,(cd h)dn,d,I,"'i,,; :I,',d .uc alldnl I" the Ji:itilkd Ililll.:.. (Null" 11",1 I nil "I" rills tc.tgcnr h sllllk·,..:llt 1'",' Ill' 1I1"'~'lh;ln u.t Irlg h,:.J. h I'll Sf"d, S,,'//Ii,," ~I,,\\ I) add ':0 ml ..:, 'lIu.:,'I,;, 10,;,1 slIll ,IIII! I": ,lli,lld 211 n,1 nrtlislilkd \\,\10.:1' :",J di-sofvc ill il 0.7022 g "I' ['..;n"lI~ ;1'''''''''111,,11 ,,,Iphale (1 c(NII,),IS(),I,!. hll,!)). ..\dd 111'''l,,\is..: 0.1 N p"las~il!1l1 Il<TII';"'~,fIl;' ,,,,lull'''' IIl1lil a 1:.11'1 PIIl!- ..:,,1,,(11' p,,:,",i~I~. Jlillll,,: \\illl 11-",,-1,,'': dl'lilbJ wiuer H' I.OOli ",I .,,,11 ,,,i,. rt,i~ .•",.... 1<. ",I"'i,,,, ..:0 '"I"i,,-, 0.10 '''s ,.1' 1'1"" 1.(11.) ml. .:00..:0.1" (",,/1 II ",.Aill,~· S"ll/li",,-, . used. '::\l.J, .\f.l!wd. (,/I hl'':''': 10:U'O ",I ,I,,"cl ~"f",i"" i,,,,, " I Iii' ,,,1"""'1,,,' 1L!,k "lid Jilu1c II' the iliad, Ililll in'll-I",; di~IIIl..:,1 1';11<'1 Ihis S"h'lloll' ~',"'I;,1t", 11.010 Illg I'" J'l:1 I.I~) HII. (hi t'ipdh: 10,0111111 "t" ~I"..:k ".. 11111"'1 illl" " I 111,0.: '"ltulfcl,i,,; rlJ.l alld dilll!..: ," rhc 1Il'l'!; Ilill, in,,'·[",o.: dl~lilkd I,;oll"' lhis "'hlli,", c',,'laill~ IU)OI ll'~ I c 1''':' 1.1~) 11,1 Mix II,,,: s;[,!tl'k It",roughl, ,md "I.:a'·lI': 50.0 1111 intou I ~5-1;1I L,lClll"Cjtl lIasl.:. .\utl 2 1111 ":,lIl(":llll .;.1 llydrlll:lllllri..: ;;,,;itl :lml I nrl h)lh,,\)I;II\1irlC r,'a!::':111 ,\.1.1 ,1 r,;\\ gl,,~~ o.:'llh arnl I'C;l1 I" h'lIlt .. !~, I" lIt~ln" "dUll"" \,1';11111,,; 1I1'1l.IJ,'ilill~ tnuy h.: o,;,llllilll'l:J jllllilll,,; ",IUllIo.: i-, 'o.:dlll'o.:d I,' IS·2U 1111. (,,,01 ," ,,,..,,, (":,,,po.:'-;III;I'': ,md 11';111)1<::1' I" u 100-1,11 \"llIlIl..:lll, !Ii1'l. ,\dd 10 Ilil ;1.'\:WII: IIl,lkl' s"IUli'"1 ;1,,,1 1 ",I phcn.uul .. ,r1ill..: ~,'hlli,,". lfllll dihlh.: 1,1 II,..: 1ll,llk \lith di)lill..:d water. /lli.\ thll!<'ll\:hlr :11111 ,dl",·. ;'1 1l'3~t 111-15 miuutc-, [",'t" Ill,nillllllll ,'"l"ill' tl..:\..:It'I"'",'II( 2(1.4. ('"{,",,' ,1/,'//,rl/rnl/l'l/l, I'I':P;\IC :1 series vi st.unlards II Y nccur.ucfy pil'o.:lIillg the ,',d~lIIJlcJ .""1",,,.:; "f \\",-I,i,,1'- i",,, ~"l"li"".; 1,1,,, ",,,,,I.,,,. ~"I,.li,,,, ~1",,,Jd I", " •••J 10 111":;I~ur.: the 0.001 0.010 Ill~ 1)'lrli\lll~) illto 125-1111 I r1":lIIl1<.:)'..:r n.l~h, Jillilillg to 50 nil, alld \':IlTyil1g \lUI the pnll'cdul': :l~ set out above. .\ light ]l:llh Ill' I em should be usccl. Th..: slanJal',hs h,,(lid be Ic;,,1 .Il;ain!l Ji:;lilkd water set "I zcru absorbnncc and II ..:;dilnali"ll curve phutcd of absurbnucc "g:lllbl Illg 01 I''':. II the ),lIlll,k, :II''': :II ;i11 0.:,,1<1111'..:,1 ,ll!urbld 0' sCCOIlJ set of idcuticul nliquot s of the S:llllpks may be carr-ied II"ough nil steps or the procedure eX":J.,:I)1 th"l 110 pllcnaHlhr"lill': i, to be added. "lhcu itl)k"J of tliSlilkJ \\":lICI". the prcpu .....d btank s ;11'': \".:,1 10 sel Ih,· 1'I>"I""lI'["" '" ""I''' :il"'ll'hall":":. :lIld enuh d..:I'..;I<lIl,,;,1 saun-lc. with 1'/"'1CIoI,',1. 111S"tll\CIo.~: :,11 :!5tl~(,71IJ pill:ll'llllllfCllilIC is rc:ul 1I1.':,im.J the 1·'tl"l":';II,.lldil'L' Ilblll, "ilh'''lr 1,1,..: 11;/IIIIII"jill\'. OIJSt:f\'\',J phlllll111C(Cr rC:IJill~" .11"": 11'.1tl~l;lkoJ illh) iron vulucs lor 11IC:lllS of 1111: ,,::dihl",llion curve. H <';\lI(lHr ,llld 11Id,jdily om: ubscnt. "tt is '1Ilid..cr undjust ;'s s:llbfa'-'hH)" III read the d<.:\c1op.:d s;lIllpks, ;h well ,IS Ih..:: sl'lIld;Hd~, a~,lil'SI dislilkd water. 2lJ.5, ,,1...,1,/1'0/1. Ill;';' I'c x J ,(lOU :::1..1.:::. IlII sumple 21. DtlUtMlNAI10N til' 1\I.IN(;,'r-<L'.I'. 21.1. ,\""",fill~' 111,,1 .'1'1<"-";:'" l\lalll:!iIlu:s,; slulIlkl he determined very s'lOl\ ultcr collection. II ,kl'I}' is uuuvoidnhlc. 111..: sample sll'JlIld hc 'lI.:i,lilil:d nt Ih..: umc uf coltccuou. 21.2. I,'/!IIIIIIII.I'. Sp..:...:frophUl,lIl1der fill' usc ut 525 mn. P1IIl/iJilig 11 lighf pal'l of ill kil.~J em. 21.3. Iki/);("III ,. 21.J.1. "S/wc/flIS,>lII/;",r",· Dissofvc 75 c rn~rclIIi":'Slllllh;II": ill "00 ml of <..:lu'· CCIlII.lkd Ililri..: acid and 2(X) 1111 di~lilkJ «urcr. ,\ud 100 11,1 85 PCI' ,'\:111 ['1o"sl'll,1I i~' a~'i,f .'11.1 0.IIJ5 g sitvcr lIiII'LlI..:, all" dilule til": o.;o"kJ sululi"l1 to I 1111'':. '11"",,,,i,,,,, /"'I".l",dl,IJlI/{". ~ SoIiJ. ,\i,W~'''II!'II.r S/lII'!IfIIC Slml,I,lrd SI,'lflio/l, 1'l'l"t1ar.: 01 u.! N potasSi(:1I1 1"-;l'I',.II;!"III:l1..: s"I~lli(,u ill rhc IIsu;L1 manner by dis.,,,ll"illll J.:! g plll.,~silllil p':CI1I;lll!::an:l11: ill <fislilkd wurcr ;111</ m:lklllS up I" I Ijlrr:, "'lIi~ ,~ill(/(i(l1l must he ;Il:~'d 1'''1' scvcrul weeks in sl1nlit:hl Ill' h":<lkd 1"'1' several hours ncar Ih.: h"ili"e. rurint, then filtered. Ihfllll~h a frille']·CI'I" filiI" ,,,,,I ..:,,,,,·rully s(;II1l!-II,1isnl ;1:::lim,1 sodium o";lblc, (';,klll;llc Ill..: \·,.Iull\c of Jilis solulion 1I ..·l\:":lry [,1 1"<:1';11''': I litre of solutioll uf such slrength lh,l1 1.\10 l11J o.tlsn Ill!; "I' lll:Lll.'.'"II •.:',,,: <IS 11'111. LIS ronov'»: Tn lhis volume ad'.! 1 10 3 1111 of concentrated sulphmic acid allu Ih":11 ." .. Ii"", ";''''I'I,;I~' .-"I"li,,,, (1(,111 N"IISO. pI",.. lO" n,I.lit,liJl""J ....,1(,,1') dn">J' wis<.: I',illl ,lining, uuturhc pCrrlW,II;:lIl:l(( 1.:"I••ur ,Ji:;:IPIl<.:;lrS, lI"il III 1'<.:'I'(lVC excess sulphur dioxide, co..l, :111.1 dilulc 10 I litre w'lh dislilkd \1,11":1, This solulion may Ill: diluleJ Iuruwr ill order III mc.rsru c slll:lll amOl1ll1S of maugancsc. IIn"I"!!"/, !',·,-,ui.!" S/li/llioll. -- Jo p..:r cent..!I.JA. 21.4. .\I<'1lld. 11.-1.1. /1'<"I1/1I1l'/1/ .~l S,I/I'I,le, "I' II,,, ··SI""..-i,,1 ~"I"ri"I1". To a suitable ali'llIol of Ihe ~'II1lP1..:, :JJoJ 5 ml ('0",,":"1".11" tu '}l) 1,,1 b)' b",Jin~ ,,~ Jil"t" (0 ~. -, [, IlS '"~ SW.·,L1I.,\NIl ~ 1.4.2. :Ill n'l. ,\..1..1 I l> """,'uI.i",,, l'o.;""ll'h"lo.; .. n,J h,.i,,:: h' I",il;,,~ '" "l...,uI :! Illinllk~ uvcr ;, Itullo.:. f)" lUll 11..:"1 till ;1 \1;l1..:rll,'III. J{":lH,'I": I'I<'Ullh~ lhunc r"r I ruiuutc, 11,":11 l:l\ul cru.lcr the l"p, (1"'1<1 lout.: h"ilill\; tiuie ur 1,10 slo\\ l:""li'l!; fo.:~lIl1s ill J<....:<lllip(/~ilitlll "I" <:,\<.<: ..., P<.'l".llIl(l">J/<.' 'IIlt/ ilia. so.:yuo.:lll lu~:) "I" r...:n<l;llIC:;lI\;ll..: <.'.,lollr). Dilule 100 Illl "illl dl>lilkJ 11~lcr, Ircc fru,11 n:JI.<.;illl; ::>,llhl'III<.""" 011,,1 mix. 1\1,11-..: 1,II.Hlfll''':lli<.' ",..:a~Ur":lllo.:lll' "l;.. iIlSt a Ji~lilkJ \1 .. 1..:,- bL.,,1-. lI::>i,q; .. 'I.no.:-k"glh "I' j::j 111.1. SI,IIIJ,ltJ, ..:,IUl,lIllillL:, 0. IUlOj, ll,(ilLl, 0.:1<.' .. III I :; Illg 1\111 ~I .. ,,,I,J I•c 11":;11..:.[ III rnc :>;llllC I\;'f "'ld" <.·alil" .. li'JlI :;I"pll <.,<ublnld.,;.!. C,''''''li,,,,./,,, -fi"f,i.lilr III '''"'ji:liug (",,1"1/1 I ,h,."i",,;, "'" '","m IIh':l\d..:d 1".:L:"u~,,: I,f II.,,; l"I~~,liLliIY 111;11 ~mlj"; Ill' ill<.· 1','IllI,IIl;.:;lIl;,I.: m,l)" I~ ,":laino.:d 'Ill the [ilkf II"P":I". TIL.,; l"Hollin!:: .. 1I1.-.. ..:IIILlI:>·· lIl";lh".l.,I"'lIl,1 be 11;;..:11: As ~.hm a~ lh.. pl.UlLl'"\'(.;r rc. .. liu~ I\;IS 1..:<.·" L11;',1..:, :"ld 11,11; ml h,.h"I:t":L1 P":ILl,\i.l.,; ~"ILllh"l du.,;o.:lly IU II,,,: s;lI11l'l..: ill II•..: "pll.:..1 .:..:;11. Mil Ill.,; ~ulillidll 'lIld, ,I~ ~lllIll ,I> Il,,,: jl":l'Ill,lIl!:,Hlal": ':01<1111' 10;1' ':LlIIl[Jlddy l"aJcu and uo bubhlcs arc I..:h, I:lk.: Ill.: ,Ibsurball':": f":;I.lillg '1!l:lin. 'Ill..: ah""hallo.:.l: r..:a,jillb\ cau be SlIlllr"..:\..:d fn'nl ill.: <lrigillal l..:a<lill': til' ir ":.111 be rl:"d (l~m rho culihrutiou o.:UI""": ,IS ··illl..:rC"'ICIl':", as 1I1"1\;;,"lL:~':" ;lIul lh..:n SILhllilL:lcd (,',,,,, II." ".'1'1':"'"", """'1',,,,,,,,,." I" 0:"'" III.· I" ..· ",-",;,' "".,,' li~~",-,' ~ 1.$. (·,,/el//'"/1"I. "'!: Mil x (,00(/ I\I,Hlg,m..:::>.: ," 1\111 ill 11.;,:.1 -. - •.--, ",l ~a"'l'lo.;. , " I, 1',-",><"",,,1;,,,, "f S"",(,lo',I. Sill':"; ill"~1 <:Y;lllhl.:~ :11"": "":1)' rcactivc ;IlIJ 1l1l'lalJl..:, :1H"lpl~ :ilhlulJ b.: '1l;,J.: as ;;0<111 ;,~ f1<1~siLJk •.rl~f ~.llllpli('l:t, II' lll~ s;'fll'll~ ':;Iwl"l l~ :ul;,/r...:J illllll..:Jb.h:ly. add su.lilllll I'i.!,.",,,d,,t,, ,.1'-'''; the (III I" 11.0 "I' .. i ..".,; ami store ill ,I .,'0111 place . .:l}. I'rclimmmy Sen'cllill!: }'I"I,(",'.lIII',·. ( 'wl/iol/. I )11": ~·'II"; shuul.1 ()o.; ":\":I..:i~c,l ill 11...: 1Il'"lipuliltilll .. l L:);lIli.l..: S;UllP~" h.e,.',"."· "I' 110,' .... i,·;ll ,,, .... 1., ..1 1~ 20,1.1. ~~ ~ "l ,~'III"hid,' il/ll'I/'>t,'//{'('. Is r":llllw..:d b)" lr..:;,!ill~ III..: ;LILII;Il": S'lIl1!,!..: ilt pH 11.0 \dlh ~llIalJ ;1l...:r,,:ul<.'1l1S or p<l\\d..:r..:.[ lc.ul ..:;.affl"llal":. HI,ILk k"J ~lIll'hiJc: 1"";<.lP;I"""~ i" """'I'k,. <'''''1'';'';''11 ~"ll,I,iJ". Il"l""u 11';:0 "l""'"li.. ,, "",;1 Ill! more k'll.! ::>ulphid.: r"nu.. f-ilter ;.an,l nnsc 1110.: pr.:..:illililt..:, ,111.1 'll..: rinse water lu u.c lillr;ll.: allJ usc uu aliquol for analysis. AvoiJ;1 larc:.: c~ccu of I.:;HI ":<IrOOl\;II..: and a 10111: period llf'<:onla..:l in ((fd..:r III minimise .:umpkll illli or occtosiun ..r tile ":)":lLlid..: "il11 'II..: pr~il'ilat.:J uuncrial. O;;idi:;iIJ!J ,'g.'IIIS . it" [Ir..:s..:nl will l;iv..: a l)'!silivo.: 1,:,1 wilh ~l;l(.:h-ioJiJc p"p.:r ;HlL( 0.:;111 110,; r":1I1\1\"..:J (I)' lilf<llilll:> lI'ilil ~U<.fiLIllI S\llphi(~ a1.6 b ,myJr"'Jn NiioSO. P":f litre of ~ul"lioll) until a ncgativc 'esl is obraiuccl. Other iUICrr.:rilll:: subuuuccs ':;1Il be rcmuvcd uy II,.: ui,tillalio)ll llfLk.:Cl.lLlfG IllUIl,I.:<1 lJd,I\\': ]6 :!5· !'Jh. (I I 'I'I'm','tII,'. 2~.2.2, I. ~~.~ ..!.5. ~~.2.:n. Ihe I'<JII"wlIlg ,.ppal';I(US I~":": l·ll;. 2) I~ I.,;qllll'.,;d.·-· .1/",lill,·,1 ('Iui.,"''' /1//.,1., 5(X) 1Il1, 1,<.IVIIl;l JtItHlIld g];I~' j"iub, with ~iJ..:-aJ'lll .t,li" ..-) I"h.· ,·...",.",.,l ",,,I ,I,.' "I'.·"i"lJ ",,,1.,.1 ,·r" inlvt, o.;"HSI~lHII.' uf" lhisil.: rubo Ililh a g"Hu,,1 ~l,,~s j'liul, haviilt:;1 gl;I.'~ lull.,;!J IlUlI lI,l";IIl,1I dlalll..:l..:r] [used I" III": JUiUl ;lIld c.\h:nd..:J III I ill~h rl'lll] II,,,: h"I!>llll "f Ill~' ui'ldili..:d (bis~':11 11.,,1-. (',m"!",,,e,- "'Il, 1:.1'",,,,,1 1:.1.\,;,,;. UIH" ',\1",..1 ':A,>;}....:\. \1>..: b"\",,n ..:"nc: I" IiI II,..; I;l!,ujli..:d Cl.usxcn Itls,," (W.l ",,,,h<'l'. Spi,;11 lid\\' IYP":, li'llIiu .:al'".:ity 100-250 url, (.'11<.:11 ;b Ill.: I i,Ii";I-l'\lilh,:,lIl.'lllrill l>as \'1.\)11";1). Jill..:,1 if pll~~dJl.: "jlll'l lUh[....:II.Ji'.lili tuhc Ilill, 'I pillell ..'1..,,111 ,II III" boll'lI11. ,~II"I/"" /111,'1.. SOIl IIII ~'iljlOl\llr. IJ "t,'!' "",ina".. Ift'.lIil/.:: d"welll, ~1.2.J. u,·ug..,,/;. 22.2 ..3.1. 12.l.J.1. ~~.2.J.J. ~2.~.J.~. .~',,,{i,1tI1 IIy,k".,i.!,' S"/lIlim', IN - I)b,"!>": ·1 g ,,,Jilllil I,) ur"",il.!'" (Nar Jl I) ill ILlIlIIlI ,lbliJkd ",II":r. ,1/"1'("lIfi,' lh/"rid,' ::;"llIli,'I/, Di~"III..:.34 e Uil:l":llll": ..:hl"l'iJ~ (111;('1,1 in 511111lil Ji:ililkJ \Iill..:r. ((;AlIllUN: T<I.\I<':; wk.: care hI iI"'uiJ itlJ;:..::iliull). .\I".,'IIPilllll ChI'lI'i,(,' So/II/iull. - DI:i:iuh..: :iI g l\l'lglII.:~iUIll r.:hluliJ..: (I'\!g(" I :, hI \,t II UI \ljl;) \1,1 ,\i,lilkJ w"leL Sld/,llmi,· //,·i.l. - ('OIlC":llIl"II.:J. 12.2..1. {'''''''''//I'-,'. A.lJ 250 11.1 "l" Ih..: ';"lIpl..: ur <Ill 'diqllt/I dil"ll.:d 10 ~5111l\1, III Ih", CLJi:i,":11 )b~l A,I.I .."'H'lly 5U ",I "r :iu.li"lII hy,lrul\id" ",Imi,,,, I.. II.., ~,,~ "'a~h<:r and dilute if 1l";~'':':i;IIT willl Ji,lill.:J '1;'1";1' III ublaill un adcqunrc ,kplh of liqlll,1 III III..: ahscuhcr. Connect Ih.: tr-ain, ClllbL,lil1g uf builiut: l1a,1.; 'Iif 1Ir1..:l. 1I..,.l. ,·'Hld":llscr. ga:i 11'IShcf, :ill":II,lll t1,,~l Ir'lp. allU aspiuucr. AJjll,,1 II,..: ,II..:IIUII ,,, Ih,ll a!ll'r\ll\ilH;ll<.:ly 011..: bubble o( "if P"':f ,";":UI1J enters rhc IJ(,ililig 1l.I,l 1111 Oll!:lllllc 'Iii ill)cl. Tllb '-Ii, I.W.: will ..:lh;l.:li\"clr act iI:i a ..:art'ld ('''I the Ill'N 1.';1' rmlll JlilS\.. 10 absorber .uul \\ill u:iually pr...:vcru J rcv.:I:iC 11,,11 col' Ill'N IhhHlgh 1111,: "ir inlet. If L11"; .rir 1',,1": .I,k,:, Ilul prevent the ."IIHl'k '-1'1<11 1l;lo.;\..lIlg UJl III rhc Jdll-el)" lub..:. lIl': 'lir 11'111 [;IIC lIlil)' be in o.;,..:.>:.e<l Ill' 1,1 I\lll bubbles <.I sectnul Ililll"I'1 l,,~., III dJid':llcy, Jf tIl": iii,. r.uc ll.:'lllll":, I,,,, I,igh, Ill..: g;L~ ,\'a,ll...:r \\iIlIlUI Ir;lp .dllh.: JJCN. Add ~O 1111 Ill.:fo.;uri..: o.;l.lufjJ..: s,llulillll ;mJ 10 ,ul llI<.1gn"::iiulil chl.uido s,,[uti,HI tllru«~l1 uic 'lit' ink! tube. llillsc lull>: I\'illl di>.tillc\l \\;:J.l~\· ;J.wJ. "llull' the air H,m' to llli", the Ib~k ':UIIICllls rur LlII·c~ uuruucs. Slowly"JJ l\'I\~·..:nH'llcd Slllpllllrh; "doJ ill <.Ill i1llllJlIlll ";o.jll'll IU J nu fur cacu ilK! 1111 of SOltlli"" ill tI,,,, ,li~liJllIJl: Ilask, <.IIlJ rinse 1l1..:'<.Iir mid un..:,; more. llcat <.II a rurc whidl will l)ruvju..: r..piJ l.>oilill!:l 11111 "ill Ilvl Ilood Ih..: CUIlU.,;l1s..:r iliid or permil vapours 10 rise IHOI'''': Ih'lll half-way iUIO Ill..: c""J"'Jl'''~, Il ... IJ.,-~ f...,r I h ...."r T,,,·,, "lr II>" he,,1 1".\ "'onli""", ,Il" "i r nuw. IHI~" I ~ IIdllllll:, ur o.:uulillg, J,.,i ll II,,: «as \\ ..,II",r ":UlllcilIS 1II1u <.I J7 ~5" 11,1 v,.llIIud.i,,; Ib,,~. ltiusc II...: (OF1lK'~'lillg lulk.' rnJlll d,t: coudcnserte the l:::lS \\",,~I,..:r \Iilh di~lilkd \\':,kr, "dd II",: rinse water II) the Jl';,;nnlliquid. and dilute '" 2511 ml. Rcrill the gas \VJ~J,t:1' \\ilh u Ir":.,h dlarg<: of ""Jillu, hjd",sld..: solution "",J '·,,"..... ,1 .1,,, ,·"'1,,, 1"',,,,,,,,,lu"", Dcturmiuc lhe cyuni.lc cuntcut or lmll, portions 'll" ;I bsorpliUIl liquid by the c.iloruncuic 'lIdlll,J outfincd bclow , (2~.J.). II" Il,c s.uuplc ":011,:.;11, ollly rcadily h)'llrol)'s..:d \')":lIlid..:, III..: llhort-cr Iiq"i.1 fl'HIl lh..: li',1 ,.,11"" ",ill ,',ml"i" ,.II "I' ,I,,' l"},,,,,j,l,': ir,I"I.I.. ,,,,,,pin ..:ru'I;,k, ;'1''': Ilt":'C"I. u ,igl,ilk;l"l yield \\ill uppcur' in III>.: nhs.ulcr liquid trmu thu SC":U'H.! I"cllu),. 1"1,..: I,,(al "I" Iltc I"" uunccnnauon-, lqnc>enll the 1"I,d couccntuuion ,01 C);lIud..: in the s.uuplc. .:: 2. J . I . ..1!'1'"1'11111.1. 22.3.1. f. S''''''''''I'/''''''''I<'I,.,-. jil>" 11.11' 01 u,;U 11111, pl'"viJiJlg U ligll1 p.rth (II' I ctu. 2':: J.1.1. U.'/Il'lio!l 11I{,1'.1 ellllsi,lin~ uf lesl lubes. :JPPlu.,illl:llc!y I.' l) il\o.:he~, nlled with ruhhcr Slt'IlP":". :!i.J.2. Rmg,"IIJ, 22.J.2.1. Sodium flr,h".lid,' Sol",i,!", O.2N. ill I Iiuc ui~lillcd 1\,11":' . 22.32.). :!:!.J.2.·L 11.).2.5. 22.3.2.0. 11.).1.7. 22.J,2.1l. . In·/;'· . lcld If,: I<fd l/( l , 11·4. SIIId, ()<IIlid,' S,,f/lli,,,,. l>i.""lIc 2.51 g POI;l~~'U'" cjauidc- IK('Nj in I liuc 1'.',11..:1'. SI;llId;lI,)i/o.: ;lgOli"'t )ihel' niuutc <.I, uutliucd hell....... Ibe ~ollltj.H'I,b"S ,llctlgll, ::;l,nlu;dl)' .. nd mu,1 be rcch..:d"d CIC'Y IIcd. Appro ,i",,,1<' '''''-''e'l.. , ",I I "'g ('N (( ... """.... I,,,i,', ,·,l,: ,""',' I" ,"'old i1ll:c';li"II). SII/II,{,,,'.I ()"111/)"" Sol,,/i,III. Dilute 10 IlII Sl(ll.:~ q:IIlIUC snllllioll hI 1 litre with dLlilkd '\;11"" ,,,b., u"J Ill;' l.e a sccrunl diltll ion of 10 Il,l "I' thi, S,'[III inn to ![J(J lid '.Iilh )"Jiulll l.j'dIO.\~Jc (.IN; UK) 1111 LU ug (·N. (A~, ..lJ ~lrclI~lh I.> JClcl1llll1cd h) 1;lIlda"llIaIIUIl ul st"ck soluI10"). Till' ",111(1\", mml he prepared d;til) rC\IJ\U'N: Toxic: 1;ILc rare III avuid ill~c.,linll). ChI"I"(lIIlill.·' J"Sol"l;'m. l>i'H,h..: I I: ill IlKIIllI wntur. I',.:p;,rc daily. '.jJlt."I.I.f-J-III",!,)'!· j ·/J.' ,·o: , ,/,JIIt' .1"luli,,,,. Prepare ,I suturutcd uqucour S.,I"I;,"I ("I'I"'".,;""""ly 0,5 gilO\Y ,,,I~ 1>:- """i,,!; It,,, 1,)'",1/,.1",,,: 1" "~ICl' til ~II'I't'(,.~;lIl:lIl·11 75 (" :\gilal<: o,;,;;hiotlallr"s Ill..: ,,,lullI'" c,wls I" room 1":lllj'><:I:,llln:. If "":(;;S':II). rhc pYI;l/\IloIlC (,,,.,II il1~ poil"l 1::!7 (' 12:; () can be pmili..:d hy l..:o.:l},lalli/:lli,t1t rl·'"1'. elhyl alo.:"ll<oI. IJ"wlly IIH" i~ nLI\ required. I')'ridi:!<'. /Jix-p.l·I'.t::."/"II', I )i~s"h',,: I 7A g of l·pl'Cllyj·J-Itll:1 II} 1-5-p)"I':II"lllIlC in 100 ml ethyl ,i1C<,jh'l. Add.25 ~ ph cnyl hyd':l/ill". rf<:~loIy dislilkd under reduced p',,;s,m<:. Rctlu., ill HI' 1I11·ltl:l:;~ ;lPP;II"Ill~, SCI'c,al 'JlI\I'~ u( l\::lIu:,illg b UI.:\.":'.'.") III ,',olll,\c II,..: l.i';-!,)I;II,'h'"\::. wlliell is imJi,;llnlllr f"l"ll1ali,Hl lOf ,,;rj'-;l:ds III Ill..: reflux 'mixnuc. ,\ ldlu:~ Ill' {•.~ It"lll~, [,,!lOlled hy stalldilll,\ ut 1< "'II' kllt!''':I':' I "I''': "\,CI'II il;l1(, uud 1-2 I" 'III Idlll.s If,..: 1'"II'I\\in, U;lY nrc gCII\::ral!y adcqn.uc f"l" n I:'h,d yield. lilt .... 1' \1hi!c 1",1, I\~sh Wilh hot 95 1''':1' rctu cc1,jl ;,klhnl, aucl nir dry. The pll1dll..:l (l1lchilll; [loinl gl'<:al..:1' 11,;111 .1';0 ( ) i-, ~I,lhk i"ddi"ildy ill" <I,)' f"m, 2!..l.1.<). .lJi.,,',I/I.l'rl,(III"PJ'I',1:1I10I/l' n'l1A'l"IIL~· Nllx 11) 11111)11111: nucrcu. s.uurauu aqueous ~"hJlillll llf pYla/lllullC Idlll a Jillclc,/ ~111\lli""l1 cUlilailling 0.025 ~ 11i\-p)I';l/.ulullc di"Mll\'c~1 ill :!5 Ill\ l))Tillinc. ::it1..:r;ll minutes or llli,\lnl: Ij usu<llIy ncu:ssarr II' UiSSllll'l: IIIC his-prra~tllllllc jll PYfidill<:. 'Ihe mix..·J n:;IL'l'lll JClclllI'\ a uink colour un :ilalldinc lnu, if ll\cll Ililllilt 2-1IIt'Uls, llli~ docs nut alli::l:l the colour I'I'UUUO':1 illi l wirh l,;Y;llliJt:. / 'ICI';ln: Jail)'. !.J.J, .~',,", I",.,(btl iolt ,~I .~ I'N' ~ ()"flllid.. S"II/I i"1/. 21.3.J.1, tt,'«):1111 ,", IUJ 1I<<(i,,,'''' .",(<<,iu". nurruc £l1llllt"l1 hi 111l! lin( ch<lllgc Inuu 01 Titrutc a hlnuk ",'"1.,illirl~ I lie S:lI11O: ,1I1"'UIl! h,,'II/<II-I}lllLl;Hliuc ill !UO 11I1 ;JCCltlIH';, (hI SIII/i.fl/ni ,1;1,,'1' Itil.-m,' )"1111;"',, 1J.(lf'J!N. -- I)iss,ll\\: ).27 g ·;,1\,;1' niuutc (I\I;NO,) ill J litre d',lilleu \\;IICI. S(:l1luarJi/c ac.;lillsl .\I<lI!<I'lJd sodium ..:hhtri,k ""lull,," \,,,'tll," IIl~ Mnlu 111"'( IUld \Iilll jlolil\,iurIl Clll'llllW It {" ,( 'r( ),} illdk,l!llt' 'IS illJical",;d ill ~O:":l ion -l.-l, l.lJol) 1111 or' Illis~' dutiun is cqut"ak" I III I.un llIij ('N. l'I,!rn(urc. '1'"1.,, "" "li'I,'''1 (10 ml) "I'll,,, toh',,!' "r""iJ" ~"I"I;,", ""J :'~Ij".~ II,,, I'll '.,' II.U III'abll\c II i111 sml'lIlil hyurmdd..: Sllhllilllt. /)ilillc the ,,1;4U,I( tu 250 1111. Ad,1 O.S 11,1 ill,JI..:;lllll' s\lltU;IlIl. Til1'~\I":: ,,,ilb sl:HlJahl silver C,III;'f) rdh"" hI a sulunur huc. "I" alkali :llId water. :S1''':,,;;lll "I' <.:yalli,k ~I,,<,;k \'lhlliull ill Ill~ l'Nilll\ . 12.3.-1. f'r"(1',{"'" jill ( ,,(,If imcuic j)t'I(.'I"IJ';/If/li"ll 1'/ C)'<lI/;d,.. I'lcpalc om; or IlH.HC uliquuts uflill.: ,lb~\11 1'1;1111 rill IIi,,) "hl;lill~J I"null 111..: <Ii~lill"ll'l1l l\r,'<."":,lllr~ In l'~a<."l\<m Itll)Cs \',1\\1:\1, )')1,;<.:\I\\:\ \.... \1\\ ,lid, l>1l.\\\'~\"'. hnvc Il{;"';/I carefully rill~I:J ..... tlll disl;JkJ vurcr. I);hll..: "::1,,;111,115 1II1 with O.2N ""dill/II 1,)Jrol:iJc, ;lnullclIlr:lli/e \'.illl accuc :Jc'J 10 pll (,-7. l'ICp;I!'C a hl:lIl~ Uy :1l.JlIrng 15 till 0.2N suduun IiYIIl'llxiJc to a carcfllily I,i,,,,,,,! ,.""..;Ii"" (<<I.>-.>. Ak" IWCp'HC " '~'rj"s "I" ~r:",d"n.l~ """I;,;"j"g n ~ [,I (I.U trg {'N, :111 made liP 1015 Illl willi U.2N slldHlIlIII~Jrll.\iJt:. Neurralirc hl:!ll!;: :Iml \(;llldHl'ds to pll 6-7 with uccric ;I..:iJ Tbc ,HI1<'1I111 llflhc ucid 1m all dillllcd alit(llob. lIlt; blnuk , ;uld the ,1:11ll1;lllh sh, mId lIC a(l(lIuxilll:lldy \hc';;'\l1<.:c. Add lI.:! rHI ,,;hllll:llllillc-'!' s"lllliun, S("PI'CI', :llld Il,i.~ uy iuvcreiun rwo ur rfucc litll,,~. Allow l-Z minutes for the rcucuon. Ad~( 5.0 1\\( \l( lIIil:.eJ I)yritlil).:-pym'~"hmc reagent, stopper lUll! rill I: by inversion AIII'w 20 minutes fur colour dcvclumuent. Dihuc :lIII<.:OICliulI lubes uccururcty 10 a dcfiuuc volume -- usually 25 1111 ~ mix, ,lIltl INtI '.lh:-imb'\llC-C :1.\ {J1U lilli, I)Il .\1\ 'io>l11\\\IC:i :l.n.,j s.~:l.\\I!;~\\!~, If the colour llf 111<: Jislillale aliquul is h'o intense ICIlC;H the l":sl llsin!; n slll:III.:f nliquut. rOll\lnld:J calibrurion gt'aph of absnrballcc versus Ul: eN. 39 "I \ I', II" "I ~\\ .\':'11 ,\:,11 ~ ~,J, J, Culvulutiou, Cy.u",k~ ,111.1 h;l ... to.;.l ";""11 ""Ilab ,h eN III hi': 1111 to.;,1 ;lliqu,'I, 250 .:: J. I , I , • ',JIuuru ,,) .) ;/1111' I.: , III lli..: d..:ll,:rhllll.ll iOIl I ,r ~lJl[i1 ,1.1..: ~'al": lllU~1 be 1.1/,":11 "' .. 11,111"; ,(I,ll ':Il"(~ .10 lhll 'lI'j,..: fl'llill 0.111)' of I he f. oIldll'jll~ causcs ; (,.j l .... ~::-.:'110 uf (f..:...; hrdh IL,l:U s~d pl. id. 4 f:fi III I 1111· "';' Hllpi~· l~ I I.h~~ :.t.. 111<>:>1 111<: 1<:. (f,) j .11(1)' "t' ",\y<:.:11 illl" I II.,; ~ ..ullpl<: "il II 1.:",,11:"11 l.,y, "f ~1I11'1"Jc: I,y ,,;.1. Llli"11. i,.) J""""Ii"" "r II yd f. 1l:o..:U sul ph id.: .l ,I..: 1d ,I I ,,'iIll: II,.: :><JlIlI'lt llll.!...:r a 11,',: ruh ic l;" ud il i" us. Tl •.; lh,.')l 1':~1I1(.) \1, ill h,,: "ul,.ill..:d if Ill..: :>;UIII'I..: j, '111,11)".,;.[ iIIUll.:.h.lldy ;111.1 if I,,:>; "f 1',,:,,: I Iy.lr' '~,",Il oil Iph i.II.: is pi': \".:111..:.1 lor ;It Id iii 011 "r u 'U:J U ,'01\11(,"; uf Lill-: ;1\':";1,, tc ~"I\lli"u h) II,.; ,;UIlIll.,; ..... 110..:11 il i, 1,,1.':11. ~1.:2. 1,.'ilJ:("II/.'•. n2.1. 23.2,1. 23.2.3, 2).2.'1. :!J.:2,5. ,.j/llIl/;'-~IIII"IlI, I,: .kid S"lulil'lI. (ll) Siud. S"/wi.JII. Di:>l ill p;U'a-:lllIiuv-,li.. ,,,;I!lrl-;u,ilw.: in 14 .111-l;J.l'~ ,11'1,.1)" (,,~ f""," "hid, .. i,. 10., s I......,; J i~I'I'I,·~J br III i'I.:r1 ~as. t\I IX \'\;I'Y L;.llll i"u~ly jO 11.1 ..I' ,,:,'Il":":IlILllcd ~ulllhurj, ;lLiu \\ il II Jo '011 ,I iller :lUU .:"ul. Add hI llii, ::!O ~ Ill' Ill.: llurllW ;'Illill':, sl ill iIll; Ulllil ~(lllllj'''l i~ ":"1111'1..:1.:, t,I;,J •c up IU IlI(J ml wiI It II a rcr. ~ If ,IllY ,.1' 'I'll..: ;11IIi 11<': ~':IS llll I he sh ill II ""It il ",i illllll,,:,h:lh:l,. wi:h .Iii "I.: hrdl,<u.;hl"ri.: il..:i,1. ,\ho.:nl>llil'..:Ir. IIIIX ·16 1111 <If .:.IJlc.:lllrat..d "ull'l'1I1 i.: aLiJ lIilh 3U "ll 11'11':1" ,,"d c,,,,1. Add III II.i.~ :27 ,J. <.: pala·;J.Jlliull·dl. IIh;Jll) LllllJim: ~lllph;ll':. 'Ii,.-ill;; Uill il ""I"L1"" i~ ";""l[lI~h:. lIIaL~ UI' I., 11j(llill "illl w.ucr. Null': '1hi, a~~lIIll':~ tllill II".: ,1l11ill': ~lIlpllali.': i.~ ;II ailabJ., in I llIu..:11 purer suuc llwll 1/10.: aruiuc il~dr. (J,) JJ '"rhins S"llIIi"lI. -- I )jlw\# 15 1111 uf Ill.: ,I,'c i, ~,)llllhlll It! I lilll "jill 1:1 suf pluuic uc id, Dilut« SU"'/l/"k . Ich] ( I ; I). - ~ I IX \'.:.)" ....illlllUIISlr cqu.rl \ ,,1111 Ill''; of Ctll\ ccn I r;il..:J sill phu ric acid J nd J i~l ill..:J \,;a rer, Ferri« eM"r i.lc .)',,1111iou, -- J) i~sd'...: lUU ~ of f.:n i.... .:h1,,1 i.1.; O',·t. '1.,1,11,0) ill WJ 1..:1 'lJlII 111:11.,' II p to IIJiJ ml, .. ( 11/111, In/hill l'l« II/,/' , u " Sp/lIl ian, nj~\"h,,: .\110 !: "r ;IlIlHlllll ittl II phu'l'halc (N II ,J) 11'0, I ill \',;110.:1' ;~'I,I Ill,]h\: up II, I Jjlr.:. 1"'"/1-1.-111' l;lm' Sululi\", . . ---------. (ll) (J'I S/l"",~ S"ll/fi",1. amI ld<l"": up III [)..:I,)\", (:!J,.J ) /Jill/I.' Sofl.li,III. II 1111 JblJIh.:d waucr. I)l~)""<: II)!)}; "" 1/I<,:lJl)llk.' bJlI~' ill II'a).:! lure StanJ;ll,li).,; 111<.: ,.,IIUI"II ,I' d..:.,.,;,'il..:d 2),],(,. IIIUllllljlll'l )'"If,hllh' S,,!llIIinl, .. 1)1>~"h<; 2~ b \11' .lhlllllllllllli ~lIlJ1lldlo.; (:\l;lSIJ,L,JIiII,()J III \\';ICC[ <.Iud Jilin..: (<l 100 nil. 2.1 2,7, Sodil/III JlldIDli,f,' SO/II/i,JI!. [)j~)l)!\'': ~ g uf ~Udllllll hyJhlxldc III dblllkd W;I(..;J \ ",,[ :111<.1 uuutc 1<1 lllll uu. ~J,l li. S",lil/III /hi"m/,"I111<'. 2",~ 1:i }'npoffJJi,'JI. I,,) .\'1",.1' S"/Jlli,,,, 1J ..FiN. -- OJ,,,,I,,, (,1 -I U ""I;,,,,, li". .",II'IL:"". IN'loS,O.,5J J,0 J ill I ljuc of i,;opp..:r-hct::,ir..:shly boikd ;11,<1 lll(JkJ JhliJkJ \\';JI<:r, aJding I ml ..:!Jlo!"or''''1l) or tU m,; 111..:r..:",Io.: i",liJ..: 10 ~labiJi~<: Ih~·~ululj",1. All.", Ii) SI;wJ (or ,":,":1>11 Ilar~ 1.;..:1'".-.,; USI:. (h) II ,,,.,, ill!.: S"II//I"/I. IJJ).!5N. - l)il"l": lOll ",l "l' ."i!l)d. ,UIUliull III I lurc wid) L·up!'..:r-f".,;, r,c~hly bllikJ ;wLl ":"lrI.,;d di."ill.;,l "'''1'';1', "dLllug I Illi dJl"nl(unll ur 10 mg mercuric j",li,j.;. t'Iu, ,.,I'IIlUll h reasonably slahk bUI II slhHdJ be s{;lJlJ'lidi~cJ "I:,lill~1 n.uussunn dicluonunc al l"H:1lll"". inl" ...·,,1-; SlOre ill ~lJI 'lI11bJ.:1' ~JjS~ b"uk with :I rubber slopper 'HIJ Ji~..:arJ all)" ,,,IIHh'" r.;malllillg 'lL II,,; hurcttc at Ill" "IlJ »r lI,..: Jar. 2L!..l:i.2. Slmu{;".dhuliUlI Ilf SodiullI ThioJlllplwk S(i//lliulI.-· J)i,~"l,"" allpr">..imaldy 2 i: IlulaS,i"lIl j"Ji,I" O~ lj fl·,·•.• fr"lll iuLl"l': ill:.llJ 1::r1":llllll.;)'cr Ilask Wilh 100-150 Illl Ui;lilk.1 w.ucr, aJJ iO Illl I 19 sulphuri\.' a..:jJ J'.,ll",\.,;J by cxacuy 20 ml sLatHlarJ Jio.:lll',llll;.ll.,; solunon. 1'1;1<':1: in 1111,: JM\-; /:'1" 5 nnuutcs, JilUll: hI 1 ur -"",W Ill] "I,J uuute \Iilh Ihiosulpl,al..: unril a 1l;1l..: suuw ":Ul"llf is rcuchcd, adJ "Iaro.:h allJ mr.nc U111il ':<lh)uII-:~~. If Ill"; ,lli"~I,IJlh.lI':: is IlUI 1:.1..1"'11)" O.(j~)I·l auj\bl il WHit II is. Di"sldve I ,126 ~ [lIC Jlslill.:d h.ll.,;r ;.IuJ Llilul.; iulu e;,ch "r l\\U l.:st rubes whidl .11'..: To 1111: lilSl robe ;HhJ 05 IllI ;U1l;1l<:' ~L:'.'J. n.z.ro. ~ I .? " D.l '\/.-1;'",1. StWII{IWl! /'o/l/\'.I'iU/Il /)j"hI'UIIJuh' SOI/lli,m, U,!5N. ,jllu~lr cuicd IIUI;.lSsilll1l Jj.:hrw"al~' ll' ,( 'f,{ l,) III tu ( Iurc. I",fi,..- S"/lIIi",,. u.U!.5N. - AJLl ) 175 b icntiuc IU auuuI 2j b ll'll;lniw'l i,)JjJ,,; 'm.] 111.. istcn \lilh wurcr, slImly ;IJJ IlII1l'C II OIL":!" will, sh"killg uutj] di;~llh'cJ; Jillllc ILl I litre ancl "I"l)dal'di~<.: a;,;ai'''1 O.1l::'5N s,"lllllll Illi". sulphate. i'IIl':I"': 7.5 1111 pouions of ,,;Jmpl..: accurately llli.llchcd il~ to diameter. sulpIHIl'I,,;·ao.:IJ wo ..... iHg suIIllJOI\. T.} l!/<1 ;>..:...'WIJ luJx: aut! 0..:5 IIlJ .JJ/ul.:: ~1I1j!jUll'i..., adJ. AtJ<i 2 .1/<'11> l<:ui\,' .:hl"riu..: sohuicu 10 each lube, .;]u~.,; l!l.,;lll 'Iilh Ih,,; thumbs .mu :;Io\\'ly iH\..:n Ihcm 011<":": Of twice 10 mix the ccnrcms. Wh,,;n sulplliJ.; i. plc,":lll " blu\; ,-",I..",. "ill "1'1"''''';'' ,], ... {;,',I ~"h.• · ,1..,.,1"1"1,-.:,.1 .,r ""I."".,~ ",-,,,"pl .. ,,, "r'"r ;IJlpru.l.illl;lldy I minute. After 2. 1'1 5 lllilllll,,;S :lud].6 Ill] III' ,1lllHlllUiulli 4i ..:!.J l. I. pIH,~ph;ll": ,,,Juli,,,, I" e:h:h tube all,l 1111\, lilli, t11'1,Il,j,I'L' If,"' c'dl"l" due I" the Ion-ic ll,I",iJ<.: "11.1 l',,;t111":";~ Ihe <I..:iJil) "f 110" .,,,hlli"'ll'l1ab(lII~ a Ilhll'c iIH\:lh~ hltl,,; (<lloIlIl' hi r"l'llIl, ,\I'lcl 5 uuiuucs ;IJJ IIICt1l) lcucbluc ~,oIuti,,,, a .1"'1' .u n lilllel" tlte ,,','O\lIJ ,,1'11,, I"" ".I":." """"~ \,,"",""" ""d, "ddil"'''' "",il iI." ""I"", """d", rh.u "rille lihl 1111"" rhe ,,,lllli'lli ,h""I,] l,c ;Iddul ..:idllT 1'1""1 ,tallda!J d,-,'pl'illl; I'lp•cuc-, "hidl ,Ieli'cr zu ,II'''''' pc' 1111 "f ;"I"'" 1 11,1 1'"lcue" If the llH':lhyk,,"" Idlll' is ,,( III:': c.urcct '1ICIl;;1I1 I .11"1' "f d,.., ,t"",;: ",IUIIoo(l W.05 Illl) i, "''11111;11..:'11 1" I ,"gI1 sull'llld..: ;Illd I d",1' "III,c drl,>!c ",lUll"" i, Cllui';lklll 11,1),111,;::1 sulpludc. 1',"' Iti!;he'l ;1":":ltla..:j' alle'!ua, I"IIIU:( 01" water ,11<1\11.1 b..: ad.l"'d III th.., fil',1 (\i1,c hel'''I'': Ihe ..:.01"111', 'IIC' 1I1;lldll'J IlllIs o.:Iilllill;t1illg;lllj ,;II"! duc t, Ihc dlall:;illl; vohuuo rutbc 'CUlIllllllbc. ..:!.l .../. SIl!!I,I<I,.,li~"llioll u} If", ,1ft-IIsd,'II,' fil",·. C"lll[lkld} WI ;t 1111<':-1;;111,111 b,ink Ililh ;l~·itllli..:d t1hlillul 11;11<.:1. add a l\a,hetlL:ry,lal "I' s,'diwll ~\lll'ltid..: l;lh')\l1 lUI! III ~IHJ lUg!, 'l"l'l'd lit..: hou!c. ;IIHI 111<:11 tlh"'''I!;hly 11Ii~. I'i[ldlc ~() 1111 "I' (j,(J~.'iN ",dille sl,luli'"1 inl" a jlK) "II ",IIII'lcll<": na,l. Sil'lwll ill 'illll,hi\k ",llllion 1"0111 the r-"II"1ll "I' thc g;t1lt'll 1"'llk I" Jill the Ib,1.. III the 1ll:1l1.. 1";ll1"rCI' the ":""lclll\ 111;1 ,uil;,hk II..:al..c'I, add 1 IIlI ":\IIl,,:clllr;IIc,1 ,"II,llllli..: ;l..:id "l"llinalc lhe cx..:c',. i,,,li,,c "iilllJ.l12:iN Ihi'l" sulplnuc solution 1I,ill!,: 'larch s illdi,,""1<lr. 1\11I11Ipl) Ille uct ,,,lulllc lit n Cl"')~N i,,,li,,,' ,,,I"Ii,,,, lI'cd hy IUnl I" "hl"i" Iltc "'U"'Cllll;II'"'' "I' -nlnludc III lllgii. 'Icsl lhc ~lIlphi,k ",llIIIOIl hy the IIldltykllC hltt..: l'h\ll'duIC gi,c" "h",( ;lOJ ;l,Jjll,1 Ill": ,IICI1!;lh "r'lllc 'lIClllykllC hll,..: "dllti"", 1<1 ",ile Ihe suurc 1,,11,," I"r the e'''IL'..:I,I,,,I1<II) ,01 "t1l'hi,k;l' w"",hl:li"l'd I,) IilL li'I;'li'''IIIl(II, .. ,1. '- '/"', I"i,," "l/I."",,/l.1. SuiI'll'.!": ;1\ S til Illg, I ~.j 1), II U~II;' ",,:. ,)I J LI/'"UlJI. ~·l I. IJi'lill.lli'"f 1'"", dur',' Ihe dl'1111:I11l'" 1'1,,,..:duIC t., lCll'IlIIlICIl,k,1 ;1, ~illll~ ,-,IGIIL'1 Idi;IIJlltl) "'Ill, ""l"",,'", ~;l'''l'k'~, I' "Ii,,,i":,h;, II." """"~,;1}' r",' ,-,,,,,,,,k'l,, ",,,,1\,;1 ;11111 has Ihe .ul 1:U,ldg..:, If c! illlillalill/l,\lI-;po.:<.:l<.:d :., 1\..:11 u-, lll' '1\ Jl 1I11(IICI<.:II<.'CS III gcucrul. di'lill:lli,,,,,, h:\,JlICU III whell ll,e hll;t1 ..'"n..:dl"l1 dllet" inter klillg ,'llIISI;tlll'<':~ II ill ..:\t:..:..:J I PI 0,1 IlIg.1. .,11'1""'''' fI,l' • A t"laiss..,,, 1];I~l wtflt a Ih":lltll1ltlcl..:r ;llld ~1":'1111 mkt t.:.\lc"uill~ I" 1;'llIlh ill..:!' of Iht.: b"u"m "I' Il.c Ibsl. The other 1I1l11,,;1 i, connected 10;1 ,clticaJ Liebil:: condenser. Th.., '/cam innn is uuuncctcdto a ,lc'lIl1 l::clI";I';Jtillg lbsk "\":1' II scuur.uc SOIlI":C Ill' hcru. l.Iowcvcr, a scrml;Jlillg (1I11lld CllllI;unilll cHile!' l.hstllkd \\:I[C, "I til": samplc IIW)' be uscu III uracc "I thc ~t..:alllllllc wlrcn a SI":;1111 gellcl"l"r is u~eJ, Iitc stcrnu inlet ~!I{"llu rcmun.uc ill a fan shapcd outlet fa<.:iug dmllmal'u "f abuut ../5'. Whcu a ~cpal;llinl:: rumd IS used, lile il\klt" the II,bl sh"lrl~J lellllilWlc "ilh:l ";;lpill;lI) lip. llUll1l'in. i" ",i"'''li,,·,! [,r pl:,,'ill~ ,.:1:1", h..;"I" ill Ih,· """", 1"''','''''1'''' '" hI ('l:",,,-," nasI.:.. .'>IIIII'I\.\L ,1'-,''''1<,'" 2tJ.2.1 2-I.1.~.J. 2~. I.;,-L .\"i!r.·" Slit/,!/II/,·. ,- Sotid. S.,,{,,,,,, 11.,fr',..,;,I" S"I,,'i(JII, -- Di,;j"h<,; Jo b ;;,,,Ill"" \1),1"",ido,; (l"<<IlJIJ) ill H!O ,"1 di~lilkd 1.;110,;1' . .\'III,,{I111""· I,-i,'. - ( ,mo,;cll(r;ll..:d nlJ. h",', ,I,,;, 2-1.1.3. r. :!.J.LJ :.' \\':1<;11 til.; ',lIliple o.:,lIll"ill.-; lcs , 111;111 (U, Illgfl "r lluoridc ;1, I.' (,1I1":CIII':llc tltc ";o,,,plo,; III 11.0.: I','(illI',Illg lIay: 1,1,,1,0.: 15() 111/ ,.;1<11pl<.: ulkafinc 1Iill, ~"dj,1I11 l,yJ",,'... lc \N;.IJllj 1I"'1;; 1'11000,."II.11I1,.lklll i'IlJk;ll"r, ;lllJ add H kl~ .1""1" INatll!) ill <,;\0.:0.:", ("tll (<';,111;,1>; I" 15·!t! ml \\'hell ":llullr,lI1,I'cr ljUilhlil;Fli,o.:Iy 1" (Ill: Ji~lillali'lIl n.r,I,. .nur l'.11..:lllllr ;llid I J IHlll'- cunccm. awd "lIlplllll"1c :11'1<1 Ir Inc ;un"ulIl ,.r1'1,1"lid..: ill IJ,o.: ali,!,">l exceeds 11111;; ;Id,l al",,,1 5 1Ill; ",lid ~ih..:r slIll'l,;IIC ""1' cuch HI;: "I' o.:I,I,,,ide. COIlIlt;..;l the l:,InJl','-'<,;I, II>..:n'I<'Il,,,;(..:r, ;llId ~l,,;alH illL.:l ;l>~>Ilhtr willI tl,.; stcutu e\;1 1<11,..: "1'..:11. I lent 11,1; lI,ixIIIl'" I" l",ilil1g. ,-'l" .1"" II,-,Iill."o,; i, ""II<.:u<.:d, 11,<.: ",,10.:1 i" 111<.: """'" g<,;llC-';II"r b bl"ughl I" 11,<,; I."il :11;.1 Ihe; ,,10.::1111 permitted 10 o.:~l;:q'c...h .;",111 ;I, the ICloIp.,;raltll": r.;:I<:1,<,;, 110 t:'; III..: stcuru is illln)(hrc"d illl.' rbc lli,lilbll"n 11;ISk, 110.:;1\ 1"1'<111\ III" I'",' !l,hllds i~ r"g,l!:Ikd l(IIll;li'II~lill u IClIll><.',;II\llo.: or 1.10 ·150 {' lil(":' ,:" ,,,,,.- l.'i~t ('j. nud n Ji"lillali.,n rurc ",,1 I"" 111:111 J lid per minute. 11'0: ,lj',lilJ;lli"l1 is ':IIllri,IU':U unti! 150 rill :If": ,,',,11.:<,;10,;11. \"I,~I' Iii": ,,0.'1[.1..: 1',lIll;lill~ 0.(, IIlg/l of Ihn.rid..: H~ I or 1,1,'1''':.:1 :'lllld 1""li'''1 j-. Itall,r,:n~d I.. thc JislilJali,lI1 nasI.., 11":;111:,1 ;" de'~lil,~,1 :lllIlIC f", ti,,,: ,.lliI!,!..: ,,:,0;1,:.: .. 11';11e;, and (I,,,: Ji,lill;l!..: 1;,.1I000<,;lo.:J I'.ill,,),,( pri"r <,;\ap(),'a(i'III, I; (,,1;,1 Ill' I Sli lid "f Ji,lill;11c i-, <,;,,11<,;,10,;,1. u.c ..:\e..:,;,; ol~'r I Ill' "ri.;illal \',.llIll'~ ",,,;i,,,-! (h"" Iho: ,k;IIIl, 1,.",,1 [1,0,; .t"till'fl... ;t~ ill "'" r,.'h''';''1; ." ... ,1",,1 ,,' d ..(~""j"c "'\:: 1I,".rhl..:. '1 Iii,. i"f"rm;ll i, 'II ilia)' be lI;;cd (\I ..:,1('1 CCI I he appalllil Ih'PI id..: "'''lIe.;"I, aI iou, iflhc 1,,1;11 ":.'1'10:1:';011 is 1101 gr..::tler (h;llt tl.J 11I!u"1. II muy ab" be lb,,'d I.. ..:,Iilllal<; \',Ir,,;(I,..:r di"liJI;Hi,," is \1o.:l:(;S;:II')'. [J"k',s "11'<,;I",i,o.: Ih,I..:.I, urc illklr~'ll"'''<'; i . i'ld':I't.:'iJo.:Ill of II,,,: tlUilride "'lIIll;..:ltll:di"lI, and b u"tIIHnll,' L..: ;l1"<,;I>,,,i,;II1)" aJ<lililt.:, If 11,c i!lIo.:,kl<,;II"" f',ll .. :1I'}' "!I": SUh;;I:1l11',,: is 1,1, I ",~, i1. 11,,, ''''''I,l.., ~I",,>IJ L-~, J;,,[i'kd ",."" d",,,:,[, " """'l'~." "i1"'l' j",-:, terence 111:1)' b.; present. 43 ~I IIUllS UI' SW,IZII.ANJI Till: ll·FElT 01 IN!l..:ltH~RIN(i SlJIISL\Nll:~ liN J I IHllUlll: DI.Il.llJ\IIl-l .. U hlN. 1"I";lf";I'i"g ;)lIU,I;.llH':": ,\ll..llmilY (;.l, l~,,( -u..i ,\ j I I I II I.; 1 ll,(lIlll>llJ,.;":'llllpl":ld} r..:Jlhlv.::J I'll, IN;II'(J,). ;S'l, ('" r.1" 1- I· <,', 111";':1,1, "I i,1lI (H,~:IJ J ' --, 0.1 I ,l)(J() j ." 1.1 ·Ilill .lou :!\ld 111":1..:;1>": ,lr Decrease. D.;..:r";,I'''; I "..:n,;;,\..: I, ,";'~.l:,"; I'h.:r..:a,..: Increase Nil clrcc t N" .,;ll"o.:l'l Aunrunt in 111:;'1. n 1 11,1 (r\I<'l~ ,,' u.t (LI u r O'wl<: bl III 01 il,ll 11,11 Notes .. 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I I/~III flOO' I '( " flllJ .:"'.\.Iln p '''P!l''l~ .">'11 WO.I.! ..I <I' .~!'! "'''(I ;;II! I,,.,~H '/It','I"I",'I",) '~'~'H '.~".Ill."> !'.H'I'Ul!j< :'Ill I .1".1 :'Ill"!, ~I~'I q~ .<n\\ :'IlI1r~< .~1f111l PI:"IH(lIOlld .~Ip .1" 11'!4UI :'1.">11:1.1;'.1:'11 :'01,11 !iU1IP~ 1~1!1 '<."'111111111 <: .I,,! 0'1 -"I.fl' ;'\,~I""lh'~{l'! :'1111 1"""'11 'IF"" -t-« pU1: ''''!'''f'''' 1'~'-·':·1·<''':1.~.'!>C I'" I~!S 1''''' '"'!'''I''' I''''·' ",.,,,nl" IW fJ(r~ rrv ·~r.l"rll1~l~ ltll.ln II~ql PI :'Ildllll'<: :'1111.1° :)Jl1W.I;'Idlll.~1 :lIp 1\11fp" 'j\11 flln n\ )\~l\\l~fl 11'<1\'>\\1' .11' :'>11\\1\1".5 JII 111\ IlI)1 ;'1<0 ·.'}<lllms {" \,",IJtll,! '1! J.~lpl r!q.llll~! :"'ldHrr~.I1 '«:'I.~';'\ t" ~dfl.11' <: rl'v ''(IHI run: 'I.) 1'l1(l In II">I'=' trlJ ''''~I'''''~ :'''''"><11' 'I''' I'n) ~r1",,,;:: 5,,~prr (qll ">."!IIPI ·.,HrlllI'P .1='1.1 Sl1!"11t1l1 ='ldllll'!<.rr 'Ql;'1l1mlp U;l::ll! IOU UIII 1l .II) "Idllll'~' {" tIPIII/I'.>II-,lld '='1"'''' :'1,1" <:1<(l"lll' .t.~"':'I{I:'III\\ <lll1od [11-':1<:'" p' 1'·~1-~,~q·~ "'I V,\\<\I :'>,'~I\" \'.1t'.)'11\'\" :'>'U "\11 ~I'I',\\t "\ ")tl;la\~;'I.1 :"'\\1.1" 'pIliP .\" 1\:'I\{"\l "\:>1.1 l' ,1:".\:"1/111\\ 1';"'Illl'rd .">(1 1\'1H1I ;"'1\.111.' 1'.I'~I'[J.'!'I-:; .".~II Y ',"I! (~( P' ~P.Wl'ltI'l< "([1.1" "ilwl"';"'I.I ,">.'"r:q"'''q'l :'lIp :>'1'n ~;"'I1!1I11111 ;: - ,I" (1') 3" I'll:" ;"'I'll IY '(r·lq1l1I'I~ :"11 III '1!""!dpf·~·I"1' .!""I"'~ ;".\!~<;".Ifl(l,l{' "1 ;"'In!' ,~:1r.I< .'.">1"1 I' 11' 11111'd :l;)II;"'1,I.">J".r Wltl;;,,,, ='111 '1".">II'~ "I [':l<n;>{] 10\1111':'1 l',wl'""I~ npl "III ~I.I!'I' 1(I:lUIl1.1l<:UI :>lp 111 ·,r.~II!" P'~ll!1"11' '111\\ "":lIlr'II!!Il~lll!Jl 'I''',' J:"tl OOll ""l'I''1'n<;qr 0-"" 01 .1:'11"""'1"'1'1 "lfl I.~S '~:>11l1l!1I1 L .I" (1') 10.lI'.">,">=,,,.ltI III tlP!I:'lI!," "IP\\llJl" l"!" IF' ..... 1(!'1I 'pn-pums 'I.">,':l III 1l1l!rlll11S r!~I'-I"lIfl:'l ',117 :"Ip .10 I'" DIJ"S" rill' tm!ll\lo< 1':",1 1I!.1r'7!lll.ln Ill! ons rl'v i.iu. (;:l ~""P "'I "I ".'" ~"~.(I'''''' l<l""""~'l"r 'I,~!"A\ 1" ~."""",,dt"'" "'I' "I ~p·"'r"",r :II {I Io :lJll\l':J;;>thu:'t\ ;"'11\\ \<nl'i'V ·J:'I\I'.\\ f'7'1\l1"~" \111\\ In\ om HI n"l1"!"~ ;"'I1'!.llll1ll r-'l'l'm!l~ :"Ip .Ill <:'Illlltll~llh :"1I!I,ld{'.ld(h~ f1U!"11'1',(Q !'nll! 00'[ (lifO ,~~III'J :lIp II! <pJl'PI"'I~ :"1'1.lnlllf :".Il'l!:l.l,J ',J,I."'.J ",/I'/'II/IIS ./" ttn!/II.m".I.ld TYi--l"~ 'ZTZti: . I 1"';:'1"(' 'l'IIIII,llr y~'~~ . -------- . -- . - -------- - . tlll.()('l.'~l r.tv : .. 1'1' '''<'111 l'<'lllll"N (,-1 (h~ ~;1I111'1..:> ,II"; \'1;11'''';11<;<1 I" dl}I1\'" III ~ilil'" oI"Io,,~ i,'-",,,,, Ihey "'" '11I;II,~,'d I"~ 1\'1"'\\"; ";~l<:'.~ I.,dl'f\'j,lo"h: ;1\';.1 ~ 5..1. ~5,J !. ::!S.J ~5 J J [II' l)j~:.•,I" ",II' /' <I'I'I,,,,,)'hl,,,,, ,,,,I,,, ..,,,,,, '" I I",.,: ,,( ,'","'", kll."hh"id.... SI(H" 111:1 luuwn t"lIlk III ,I 1l"III~O:l'Il.,r. lrllw ~Olllli,,,, i-, "I' d,nthll'lIl qll;,lily ",. l,;t~ been ,1,unll'"I';' I"II\; linll; II,,; 1',,11,1\, '''l; [,,;,,1 1'01 J,,;kri"I',lli,lIl ron 11, ;lpl'li,d .';Ii.II.,,; 10 mI \lilh 10 ",I I I ~y anurumiuru hyJlo,,,k. 11'110,; 1')1,,'1. carboe Il·I'''lltl"tl,k·. 1;1}l:1' is <I"I} ,Ii!:,l'lly )\11"," thc 1";;'1;";111 "111 good LiHldili"". (u) I )illll..: ""'" 1,,101,,1"; 01 Jill,j"",,,; ~"llIlh'll (u) onh "i",,; I'"luna ,01 LI,h"1I Illl'I\'I1I"l'ido.: If ,1",,,;,1 ill " 1",,,," ;:L'''-~I''I'P",rtd h,,'11..: '" II".: ,dl,~o.:';<l<'r. uu, ,<01<1'1"" i~ ~,f\hL"",,} fI" ~"I'Cral ",'..:k~, ~5.U. 25.-1..j. lS.·L\ Sudifl'lI ('rn,/I,' .\','/11I1"'1 /,,, ('/. :11I1",;' (,'/"',1 "'<I' " Dis,."h,,; 10 l! ,pdiIH', ,il,al..: (N",C·,II.!L,2Il,()1 i" ')ll ,,,I ""kl, Ellrlct \\Ilh 1(I·nd P"l-Ih,m ,.1 dl,I"/'''I'..: snhlli'lil IlIll;,lIil II,I.': 1,,,1 ";'1,.".-1 '~In;llnl I;I'CCIl. 110":11 c.,11 ;>,,;1 "i, Ii \',,'(n I, I \'~I .-,,<.:1 01, ,,'i,k I" I,,;"" -vc '-"'-L'~~ ,iii hi/Pllc·. I/,),fr,,,''/''';,' L"t ,\"'/"11,'" ;'\,I" .... ,i,111,l..:1)' (J.lI~N I)ilill'~ [.(1",1 ,-'liKen. ll';l(o.:d 1,)d",..:I,Io.,i, ,Il\d 1'\;I.()!lllti "illl ,..:·di~llll,,;d \\,,1,.-, S,,'/il/III I,', '/ul.' \/11" II. "'. "'1'1'" "i" ,.. I1,·ly ~ N. I>i"",I>,,; hS 1: ",diulll acetate (N"(',,II),. -'II}') ;",,1 ",,,I.L "I' '" 250 ,,01 "ilh 1..:·d"lill--d \\';«(,,;1'. 25,-1, II. (,-",.11, 1;:;1/,',- ,\.,f/lli",/. acetic "lid ~"ll,t",,\, sodiruu ,-111"k \,oIdli'''I t.II' cqu.rl \,<)10""..:, l',tlily hy ditliit<,',,-, ",,I,,,,,, ;1l',;I,IIl: sollll"'n and l",II,'cll<l1l .I .. d";,,,'l'i;'~11 for 25.-l.7. .r"f/i,' ucid tt ki,{\,d,lIi,'II, ;llllll')~I'IIl;I(d) .~r'.( ll,t'(llllil "itl, 7 "Uhllllo.:, I,,;-di,ulh.;d ~II\ r I','/WIK 1;/;,,'/.11 ;w:(;':. 11;01\'1 S",lill/II !J,i",-" /"},, 1/, ,~/I /m" III I )i~.,,, lvc .!. 5 I~ ,,,d,, III' 1111,1 ,01 pk, It: I N:I,~o.. 511/») III 11WI ,,01 ,-\··di,,>ll,,;d \\'''1::1'. I',rri!l' hi dllill/unl: ..:\l'''<:li,," ;IS de ,Ll'i[Jo.:d 1'<11' ~.,.lllllli ,ill:ilL ~,'ll!lli,,,,, 25.-1.9. SI'II/.I,/I'/ /i"" Sl",'~ S"IIIII/I'' slighl n<:l:~' 01 ! I I h)'d,,,,,;III,,(i,,; III I liuc II i(1i '''''<!hl>llc,! ".. 11..;,-. Disxulvc IJ.I(WI g JO-llll.':-,1I JIll': 1I1,,:(;ll in a ;.l'i,l; ;Ih"ul I ,,,liS !\·qur,o.:d. Ikll dilule 25-1, \0. 25,-1 II. SlImd,,,.I /"" !I",I",,~, .~'"llIli"", 1),1I1I0.: Ill31 ",1 ~1;'l\d.lI'Ij vine slock ~ujllli,", (~5-1 'J,) 1<1 I Iq,,,, "ilh n.:dhlilkd \\ak, I lid O.lMll ",g"r Zn. ("11'1'<111 '1"",/1-1,1", ;.1, .5. .\/, ,,,,,,1. 25.5.!. 1".\IPll,\1. l(1."fI!lWI~: AU .!:i.I'}h7!11 "J,'/""',lIi"" "I ("I",'il/f,·lri,. Slwl/fwdr. '1" ;1 ~~·,i,·, "I' 1.!5 "II S\llIibh ~cp;lIalillg tll11Uds. thurouphly Ckilll~o.:lJ ll.\ d~'\ll'jh•cd, .tthl U.O. J.U• .!,O. 1.1I. -tu "",I s.n IlII ~1;l111lanll.il1<': 'IOII\.;il1l:\ s"~lIlioll (.!.5A rO.l C'I"i"aklll I" O,OW, O.lxJl, O,OO~. 1J.IJtJJ. 0.004 ;llll.! IU1U5 lilt! /11. Illilll: rOil'll volume till I" W.O ,til by ;,ddilll:\ n:-tJislilkd ";,1<:1". to c:h.;h IlIlltlc-l ;,tld 5.0 till 'llo.:!'lIc 1'~lfh;1 ;11111 1.0 1111 ~,,\lilltl1 Ihil1slIlpl,;lh'; s.'!uliull ;lIld 1lI;\. I Ill'; pI I shlml\! J..,; lctwccu oj ,111<1 5.5 <II Ihis poinl. 'I () each 1"'llil..:1 :,.1.1 IO.U ml dilhil<lIh,; ",llIli"ll (1'1, SI"l'r",T alltl ~lJa\.;o.: \ll';'"ull~ly f-u .j fllill ...... 11,)11" Iflo,; lil}CIS ,,,' "1''''-;'1.: Ih)' ,I,,, "lo.;lI' "f I},.; ]',,,,,,,·1 ";111 ,01' iI''' "I' Jil,.;,' 1'''1''''' ""J ,'"" 11,<.: 1,11\,;1, <,;;"h,II\ Io.:!r;o<.:liloridc I,,}cr illl"" d":;IIl, dry colorimcr cr <';'cll. 25 ~ ..!. ( ,,/, ''-'''1<"1' ic ,\" 'd '!II 1"/11, '/11 "ill, I!I~' hl.lll~ .,1 ~.t5 Illll, S..:I Ill": Slh:~'lr,,!,J,,)C,"I"'lc'l- ," n';IU "lhlJfb"'K'c 1'1", cdil".,li,," vur IC. A I1C\\' curve ~h"IIIJ be 25.5.3. 1'1',"',·'/",',·/",' 11,11"1" SOIII/'!'·,1. II' Ih..: ,illl: ull'l<'tll i, ''''I "ilhill the wurlillg r'lIlgc. dillll..: tho: ~al11l'lo: \lith h>Ji.dlkJ «ntcr or couccnuurc jl ill a ~ili~" Ji~h. {lsilt!,!;1 pi I rueter. :tl1(/ Olcnlllllllllg I'm <lily dilution, ;ldjlJ~1 lhc s.uuplc 'c' 1'117 I" J" i,), 'Ull N J'I"i,'",·lol"ci,· ,,,.i,1 T,·,,,)~r.. ,, HI,1! ,,,II ... 'I ~"I""·,,ci,,~ flllllld. ('OIlII'!L'lC tho: all:II}'sis 'IS Jcs.:rih..:d ill 1:!5,j,f.) "prcpararion <,II' s1;lIIJ:n,b". \"-'l;i'lllinl; willi Ihe "clnh "ju c~,..;h ',,,,md ;1\1.1 S.\~ illl acci.nc hlllkl' I{,;;I(I Ill..: Illg ill Oil the calilliOlli"n l;lJI'VO:. 47 I l<.l JIll. I. ,.I,ltSINI. (iLl'll H ..I,J'lH{ c n II 11 1\ 1..---.1 ..!il'- deer Ll. ,-L)/-L c- Al>~,,,l,.,, [) Crullu.I-(;I;,,, .1,01"", 1:1 F"-l :1<.1 ~ CYANIDE DISTILL/.TID!' Arp ...... R·\TU~ " -- .~Uf1 ml ,\!odilled ("I,:i,,':I' f"la~t l\-,Thi"k 1 ubc AI. lnkl I I ;;; r , "' 1 I;: I~~v, ..I ~ : == ~ ~ ~ ti . G \4J11 " Illi G ~ " I~ , ) '" ( =' Tube 9 rnm EXlnn;;1 Diameter C= \Vall::r-coolcd Condenser H = 1" ubc J rnm nuernal D 1:II)1Cler D r-a Fisher-Milipan Spiral Gas Wusber E '" Screw Clamp F = 500 ml Sicuon F:::,); G ~ Ground Glass Joims J = 10 Suction. ~ o 0 e !!. s c: 2. ~ 2 ~~ :>-C"... c ~.. G D 'i ;::