Sindh Drinking Water Supply Policy 2016

Government of Sindh Drinking Water Supply Policy Public Health Engineering and Rural Development Department (PHE&RDD) Local Government and Housing Town Planning Department (LG&HTPD) - , ~ . ~ ~~~ Final Version -. Nov 2016 Message by Chief Minister The province of Sindh is home to the Indus waterway before it enters the Arabian Sea. Despite having a large riverine source of water, the province of Sindh faces many challenges in provision of potable drinking water owing to the growing urban population and presence of desert and brackish zones for its rural population. The Government of Sindh is making tireless efforts to ensure there is adequate infrastructure and capacity for supply of clean drinking water to its population. The Govenunent of Sindh has initiated a number of projects for water and sanitation and has planned to increase investments in water and sanitation in the future. It is a matter of great satisfaction to learn that many water and sanitation projects are under way in collaboration with national and international development partners. J assure you that the Government of Sindh shall extend all possible assistance to further enhance this collaboration so that we can achieve our ultimate goal of water and sanitation for all. I am delighted to learn that we have a new and forward looking drinking water policy for the province of Sindh. Provision of clean and safely managed drinking water of acceptable quality is not only a basic necessity of life, it has an enonnous impact on preventing needless mortality and morbidity, and nutritional deficiency because of diarrhoea. I look forward to seeing the implementation of this policy in letter and spirit as we strive to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal on water and sanitation. I further welcome national and international partners to join hands with the Government of Sindh in making this a reality. 2 Foreword by the Mjnister Clean and safely managed drinking water is a basic necessity of life and its availability f . . and acce also detcnnines to a large extent the health outcomes o any population. While the popul 1 . ss . . . a ton of ti province of SindJ1 has continued to grow, and there has been mass m1grat1on to the cities and le • · • d th t ·1 I • towns the Government of Sindh remains comm1tte to ensure a I s popu at1on has access t d . . , . o nnkin water of acceptable quality. g Slow economic growth in recent years has meant that there were limited resources available for Priority development initiatives. The Government of Sindh has now prioritised develo rnany . . . . Pment of th water and sanitation sector and 111 this regard, has developed a new dnnkmg water policy. e The new policy aims to improve access to clean and safely managed drinking water to p 1 . . . . opu atton . bot11 urban and rural areas, strengthen ex1st111g mfrastmcture and develop new drinking water . s 111 . . • II • • b I 1· • d delivery systems. This 1s espec1a y 11nportant growmg ur an oca 1tles an rural areas with bracki h s zones. Jam delighted to launch this policy jointly with the Minister for Public Health Engineerin a b h d ' h h ·b·1· f • • g nd Rural Development as ot our epartment s s are t e respons1 1 1ty o prov1dmg safely mana ed d . . water to the population of Sindh province. g rinking I assure my department's commitment to implement this policy in the spirit it is intended and our government's initiatives to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal on water and . ~upport sanitation. Minister for Local Government and Housing Town Planning Government of Sindh 3 Foreword by the Minister It gives me immense pleasure to launch jointly with the Minister for Local Government and Housing Town Planning, this long-awaited policy on drinking water in Sindh. I would like to commend the efforts of all those involved in the formulation of this policy as it not addresses a basic human necessity, but also provides a vision for development in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goal on water and sanitation. The province of Sindh faces many challenges like rapid urbanisation, mral poverty, limited financial resources and insufficient capacities in its endeavour to provide adequate, clean and safely managed drinking water to its citizens. The Government of Sindh is cognisant of these developmental challenges, but also recognises that if clean and safely managed drinking water of required quality is not provided to the population, Sindh will continue to lag behind in achieving improved health outcomes for its people especially due to high child mortality and poor nutritional status, a significant proportion of which are due to unimproved water supply and sanitation. The new policy provides a direction to develop utility services for safely managed drinking water supply and it is hoped that it shall be used as the basis for development of new schemes by the government, non-government and private sectors, and provide a joint purpose for collaboration with national and international development organisations. Minister for Public Health Engineering and Rural Development Government of Sindh 4 TABLI•: OF CONTENTS 1A PREAMBLE fJllAl~ --------------=-------i. t VISION ANP POLICY PRINCIPLES 2.1 VISION }'.!S!QN.ANl2..fQJ.Jil.fl~ ~ ----------------.a 2.2 POLICY PRINCIPLES 8 8 t GQALS AND OBJECTIVES 3,1 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ~~ILJlWll:.ill~-------------~ 9 ! EXISTING SITUATION 4.1 SITUATION ANALYSIS OF DRINKING WATER ~l.!!'&~lilli:~-- ---- ---------~ 4.2 4.3 STATUS OF WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES KEY ISSUES 11 12 12 5. POLICY APPROACHES 5.1 LEGISLATION ~~t!.!:!:~~~-------------------~ 5.2 WATER RESOURCES 5.3 WATER SUPPLY 5.3. I WASH4 WORK 5.4 WATER QUALITY 5.5 HEALTH, NUTRITION AND HYGIENE 5.6 EDUCATION 5.7 SECTOR EFFICIENCY 5.8 SECTOR CAPACITY 5.9 SECTOR FINANCING 5.10 SECTOR COORDINATION 5.11 SECTOR MONITORING 5.12 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 5.12. I ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE SINDH LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 2013 5.12.2 PROVINCIAL AND DISTRICT LEVEL ARRANGEMENTS 5.12.3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT ARRANGEMENT 5.12.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA) 5.12.5 HEALTH DEPARTMENT 5.12.6 EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 5.12. 7 NON GOVERNMENT SECTOR 5.12.8 PRIVATE SECTOR 5.12.9 MEDIA 5. 12. IO RELIGIOUS LEADERS 5.12. JI ACADEMIA AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES 5.13 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION 5.14 PUBLIC AWARENESS 14 14 1S 16 16 17 18 18 18 19 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 5 5.15 RULES FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM 25 5.16 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 25 5.17 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2S 5.18 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2S 5.19 COORDINATED PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION 2S 5.19.1 EDUCATION AND HEALTH 26 5.20 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 26 6 1. PREAMBLE Wot<.·r ii- 0 hunmn ncccssil without which ;ill life f11nc1io11s would cca1,c. rhc Go\crnment f Pll~i<;t:tn rrcogni~c, prm i:-ion of safe drinking wa1 er a~ a f~ndomcntal hunmn nght. Water i~ u"ed f~r I Onlv drmkino ond ~ustcnancc. but also for agriculture. mdu. try, energy sector, dome tic use no , c- . . . . . li antJ · • I rrqu,·reI1Icnts clc Scarcity of water ,. a ma1or 1mpcd1mcn1 to development In , 0 munIcIpn ~ • . . • . ~ . • \CTnbcr 2002 rhc Commitrcc 011 Econon11c. Social and Cultu~I Right. ado~te~ C, cncral C ommcni o. 15 on I ·gltt 10 water. Article I. I states that "The human right to water 1. md1. pcnsablc for lcadin , 1 1c n . . . . . . . "1 g a It h.· in human dignity. It is a prrrcqu1s11e for the rcahza11on of other human rights . In keeping witJ, the National D~nking Wat er Policy 2009, which seeks ~o provid~ adequate quantttv f sarc drinking water to the entire population at an affordable cost and m an equitable, efficie t • o . ,, ... . n and sustainable manner. the Government of Sindh therefore stands ftnn on tts commitment to prov· safely managed drinking water to the population of Sindb province. This policy is pursuant to Ide . . . d . h . . . the National Drinking Water Policy that directs tJie provinces to ev1se t eir own strateg1e . action 1 1 f d . k. Pans projects and programmes. The polic y ~ocuses o~ the su~p y o nn mg wat~r for domestic use 0 ~ housebolds that includes water for dnnkmg, cooking, hygiene and other domestic uses. Sindh has a large rural population and burgeoning urban areas especially the mega city of Karach· This requires an enabling environment and strengthening of capacities, systems and infrastructu 1. . re to ensure that the diverse drinking water needs of urban and rural areas are met while safeguarding the availability of affordable drinking water to the populace. A "Domestic Water & Sanitation Policy" for Sindh was drafted in August 2006 (under TA 4432-P AK by ADB). It serves as a useful precursor to this Drinking Water Policy. The Sindh Drinking Water Policy provides a development framework for the government nat· 1 , 1ona and international development partners, and other service providers to systematically address th challenges being faced by tJie sub-sector and devise sound, coordinated and lasting solutions t: enhance access of safe drinking water to the urban and rural populations. The policy is aligned with and designed to meet the requirements of Vision 2025 of Government of Pa~istan and the Sustainable Development ?o~l (SDG) for drinking water to provide universal and equitable access to safe and affordable dnnkmg water for I 00% of the population. This ooa\ . different from the Millennium Development Goal (MDG), where the MDG ooal aimed at basi·ce, is . . . e, water supply, while the SDG goal aims at a safely managed service. The policy takes into consideration th ~merging needs of drinking water supply for a growing population, recognises the key constraints tha: impede progress, recommends a way forward to address these, and provides a strategic platfom 1 to 1 Resolution NRES/64/292. United Nations General Assembly, July 20 I 0. General Comment UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, November 2002 o. 15. The right to wmer. 7 foster r ollnhoration. coo1-di1111tinn, r.11pport. nnd lnvcs1rncn1 from 1111crnationnl development partners and sector ~takcholdcrs uctivcly involved in provision of snfo drinking wutcr. The new policy propost·s cs111hlishrncnt or new drinking water supply systems. and rchnhilitation and upgr.idation of existing ~ystcms in urban as well us rnral Arc11s to ensure sustainnhlc occcss of drinking water 10 the entire population of Sindh. 2. VISION AND POLICY PRINCIPLES 2.1 Vision Our vision for the population of Sindh is to provide safely managed drinking water whose supply is adequate, well maintained and sustainable,· and to enhance public awareness about health, nutrition and hygiene related to safe drinking water. 2.2 Policy Principles The main principles of Sindh Drinking Water Policy are adopted from the National Drinking Water Policy 2009. Therefore, the key Policy/Strategy principles are as follows: • Access to safely managed drinking water is a fundamental right of every citizen and that it is the responsibility of the Government to ensure its provision to all citizens • Water allocation for drinking purposes shall be given priority over other uses • In order to ensure equitable access, special attention shall be given to removing the existing disparities in coverage of safe drinking and for addressing the needs of the poor and the vulnerable • Recognising that inadequate and unsafe water supply and sanitation are a major cause of diarrhoea and nutritional deficiency in children, which as a consequence contribute towards child mortality, safely managed drinking water supply and sanitation shall be integrated in health, nutrition and school health programmes • Access shall be increased to high quality nutrition-sensitive services, including access to water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene • Key hygiene actions (safe drinking water, handwashing with soap, safe disposal of excreta, and food hygiene) shall be integrated as essential components in all nutrition programmes • Realising the fact that access and availability of safe drinking water affects all aspects of life of citizen, a multi sectoral approach, involving different departments of the government, shall be adopted to address the issues related to safe drinking water • Being cognisant of the fact that women are the main providers of domestic water supply and maintainers of hygienic household environment, their participation in planning, implementation, 8 mon11or111g nnd opcrn111111 ('Y. ninintrnancc of \\Iller ,upply ,y,rc,m cih:1 11 he en urc<l. ,Jtw1 WASfl ,h,1II hl' 1n1quarcd m mnrt•rn,d nnd nconntnl hcalrh prnJ(r,1mmc1 • Rc,pon~ihi lttic, ond t\' ourcc!I shall h, dcl~f(ntcd t~> lotal "111hont ic, to cn.ihlc them 10 rir¾.Ji:trge their :w,1gnrd fi111c11ons with rcgnrd 10 p1ov1 1Ho11 of 41:t fc water , upply , A ,uppo,1ivc polu.:y frnmcwnr~ <;hall be developed thnt ~ncourngc al1crnah. opt,,m, lhuJu~, p, h arc pn.w,~1011, publir -pnvatc par111cr-,h1ps, fh c role of N(1(h and cornrnun1ty org;uH,at1tm, , TIie execution of componcnt-liharing model for govcmm~nt prog ra~1mcs and projC<.t, ,hall I><: l,romotcd ro cn!.urc financial sui;tainability and community and private \CCtor mvol vcrncnt • 1n development :rnd O&M • Low cost technologies in water and sanitation, that arc easy and cost-effective to maintain , hall he developed and used 3. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 3.1 Goals and Objectives Overall Goal: The goal of the Sindh Drinking Water Policy is to improve the quality of life of people of Sindh by reducing morbidity and mortality caused by water-borne diseases through provision of safely managed and potable drinking water to the entire population that is located on premises available when needed, and free from contamination, affordable and of sufficient quantity, and in ~ way that is efficient, equitable and sustainable. The specific objectives of the Policy are as follows: Objectives: I. Introduce legislative measures and regulations to create an enabling framework for safe! I . f . y managed drinking water supply, regu at10n o water usage, extraction, treatment, transportation and distribution 2. Ensure that all drinking water resources and supply systems are protected with community involvement 3. Develop district level drinking water availability plans for urban and rural areas to ensure improved planning for equitable access 4. Enhance the coverage of safely managed drinking water supply in the province to achieve that Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets of universal access 5. Develop criteria for installation of new drinking water supply schemes and ensure that all new schemes are safely managed, rationalised and constructed through need based criteria so that all areas and communities are served 6. Develop standardised service delivery models for both urban and rural drinking water supply schemes to improve efficiency, cost-effectiveness, improve monitoring and sustainability 7. Develop mechanisms for reuse, recycle and recharge of wastewater for other municipal and productive uses 9 8. Ensure that all drinking water supply systems are designed and constnicted in line with the national drinking water quality standards and all municipal discharges comply with National Environment Quality Standards (NEQS) 9. Install water treatment plants at existing drinking water supply schemes where required and incorporate water treatment facilities in all new drinking water supply schemes I 0. Ensure development of water safety plans for all drinking water supply systems 11 . Develop and sustain regular drinking water quality monitoring and surveillance, and institute mechanisms for remedial action 12. Increase public awareness about water borne and water-related diseases (including polio), nutrition and hygiene, and enhance the role of communities for household water treatment/storage, water safety and conservation, and safe hygiene practices 13. Ensure that drinking water supply projects are nutrition sensitive and integrated in health, nutrition and school health programmes 14. Institutionalise WASH in schools (infrastructure and 3 stars) and introduce curricular change to incorporate health, nutrition and hygiene and improved and safe water and sanitation practices among school children 15. Institute adaptation measures and disaster risk reduction and mitigation strategies to minimise the impact of climatic events on drinking water supply systems 4. EXISTING SITUATION Sindh has a geographical area of 140,914 sq. km and constitutes about 17.7% of the total area of Pakistan. According to the projections by the National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS), the population increased from 41.248 million in 20 l 0 to 45.998 million in 20152 and accounts for about 24% of the country's population. It is the most urbanised of the provinces with almost 50% of its population residing in urban areas. It has 6 administrative Divisions and 28 Districts. About 60% of the land area in Sindh is arid. The province has an annual average precipitation of five inches. Sindh is a lower riparian province and due to over dependence on Indus water, has seen the gradual decline of water availabi lity per person. Sindh lies in the lower Indus Basin and the River Indus flows in the middle of the province. The economy of Sindh is predominantly agricultural and depends almost entirely on artificial irrigation. The principal source of water is the Indus River, and the manufacturing industries are concentrated in Karachi, Hyderabad, Nooriabad, Kotri and Sukkur. Despite developments in the water sector, population growth, urbanisation, mining sector and industrialisation, are posing greater demands on the limited water resources of the province. The expanding imbalance between supply and demand, bas led to shortages and unhealthy competition amongst end-users besides causing severe environmental degradation. 2 Compendium on 1-m 1ronment Statistics of Pakistan. Pakistan Bureau of Stati~1ics. Govemment of Pakistan. 2015 10 developed and maintained by the LG&HTPD , . ban areas are . . . Generally. wntcr supply scheme~ in ur p bl"c Health Engmeenng and Rural Devclopm . developed by u 1 . . . Cnt wh.1k $\.'hemes for rural areas arc tile commnntttes. Further. the Karachi lv ate r. th I anded over to . . r (\ .Department (PHE&RDD) and en 1 ' . ducrion transmission and d1str1bution of pot·lbl ~ ) · onsible tor pro ' . ( e Sewerage Board (K WSB is resp . N h m Sindh Urban Services Corporation (NS Use . . • K h. while the ort e . • l water to the c111zens of arnc 1• .. . ev3n cities (Kha1rpur Mus, Sukkur, ew Sukk . . t ·upply schemes 1or s t: • ur. develops and mamtams wa er ~ Tl W ter and Sanitation Authonty (\VASA) Hyderab . ·k d Jacobabad). 1e a ad Rohn, Larkana. Sht ·arpur an . • th rban localities of Hyderabad. The multitude f · · · de water to e u o has the respons1b1hty to provi . . d. f 1 operation and maintenance, accountability a d stakeholders results in challenges m coor ma w1 • n sustainability. . r fl d ater of the north is a major challenge and needs to b Drainage of Sindh especially ior 00 W< . c addressed before planning for any infrnstructure development. . d. t are poor with an Infant Mortality Rate of 82 and Under Five Sindh ·s hes3lth sector m 1ca ors . . 1 . 104 1000 live births against the MDG targets of 40 and 52 per I 000 hve births Mortaltty Rate o per . . . . . . 0 . rrh • ti econd maior leading cau e of childhood mortality m Pakistan after respectively. 1a oea 1s 1e s '.I . • • • . d 11 53 OOO children under five die because of diarrhoea which 1s generally pneumoma. an annua y • . . . d b f• 1 tre·"ted drinking water and unnnproved amtatton. In general men women cause y use o poor y ~ . . . , and children in rural areas of Sindh have little awarene and comprehensive mfom,atton about the relationship between use of safe drinking water. afe sanitation. personal hygiene practices and health. The economic cost of poor water and sa1titation sen ice i • c timatcd to be around 4% of GDP of Pakistan. and more than 87% of these are health co ts. The recent Sindh MICS has also found 42.0° o children under five years with moderate and evcre underweight. 48.0% children under five years with moderate and • cverc tunting, and 15.4° o children under five years with moderate and severe wasting. 4.1 Situation Analysis of Drinking Water Safe drinking water is a basic nece sity for leading a healthy life. nsafc drinking water can be a significant carrier of enteric diseases (including typhoid) and parasite uch a roundwom1. Drinking water can also be polluted with other bacteriological. chemical. phy~ical and radiological contaminants that have hannful effects on human health. Acee s to drinking \\ ater is abo of prime consideration for women and children. particularly in mral area . bccau c they also bear the responsibility for fetching water. often from long di tancc . In indh 90.5° o of the population is using an improved source of drinking water. with 89. 7° o in urban areas and 91.3° o in rum I areas. Sindh relies primarily on piped water in the household (42°0) and hand pump (37°0) . Unimprmed ources include river/pond/canal stream (3° o) and ranker truck water bearer (-l0 o) \1otorised pump (8%) and dug well (3~o) are other ource . II The ''improved ~ourcc .. doc-. nor nccc-;-;anly imply safety. There arc chances of potential conlnminatton from purnp'i and well~. c pecially outside the household. f~ven piped water quality can be co,nprom, -.cd by leakage-. an<l 1n certain -iituattons. may come from suspect sources such a-i stagnant waler. Adequate acccs!) implies availabi lity in the household or within 2 km and/or less than half an hour away. Again. this docs not necessari ly imply sufficient amounts of water. Sindh MJCS 2014 found that 3% of household members were using drinking water with over IO ppb Arsenic concentration, and 39% of households arc using drinking water indicating E.coli contamination. In 79% households, the source of drinking water supply is found in the house; while 15% of households have to travel up to 0.5 km to obtain water3. Only I 2.8% of household members in households using unimproved drinking water use an appropriate treatment method4 . 4.2 Status of Water Supply Schemes Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR) conducted a technical assessment of water supply schemes in 22 districts in Sindh in 20105. The survey found that the performance of these schemes in tenns of providing water in an adequate quantity and of safe quality, was extremely poor. About 58% of the schemes were not functioning. Therefore, nearly 47% of the total enumerated population was unserved by the water supply schemes. Furthermore, 98% of the functional schemes were providing water to the consumers, which is unsafe for drinking purposes. About 95% water sources of the functional schemes were unfit for drinking purposes. 4.3 Key Issues The following are some of the key issues impeding drinking water supply in Sindh: Water availability and quality • More than 95% of water sources and supply systems are contaminated with poor quality water not fit for consumption (as per the PCRWR survey 2010) • There is brackish ground water in almost two-thirds of the province, which makes water supply schemes costly • There is overexploitation of groundwater, which is threatening the water balance • More than 90% of available water is being used for agriculture (irrigation) with centuries old methods leading to huge losses. There is need to employ more water efficient irrigation methods and to conserve water for other uses 3 Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey 20 I 3-14. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan 4 Sindb Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2014, Key Findings. Government ofSindh; Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources; and UNICEF 5 Technical Assessment Survey Report Water Supply Schemes, Sindh Province 20 I 0. Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources 12 T . . , . h low degree of scdimcnlation, inadequate llocculatio • here 1s madcquntc water treatment wit f hi • • 11 • • , -1 absence o c ormat1on no addition of coagulant. inappropriate filtration alH • . • b· n infonnal settlements which often have I • A major challenge is availability of waler 111 ur '1 and rights and legal ownership issues . h 11 . . . . . , l'k, l 'I·, . rkar is also a serious c a cnge • Drought hkc s1tuatton 111 n 1111 fed areas I e Mrp,i ' Sector Inefficiency . . • Diffused and fragmented responsibilities in the sector lead in~ to mefftcient services and lack of b ·i.· · · t · I ti ctures imiJede delivery of dnnkmg water supply systems accounta 1 1ty 111st1tu 1011a s .11 -, . • Lack of a water supply regulator results in unregulated ground water extraction, water mafia in urban areas and duplicitous supply systems • Insufficient a I location of funds to the sector hinder achievement of coverage and access targets • Most of the water and sanitation schemes' infrastructure is old and dilapidated, and therefore hampers effective service delivery • Low cost recovery leading towards ever deteriorating water and sanitation services Monitoring, Coordination, and Operation and Maintenance • Poor monitoring and little oversight due to inadequate governance systems • La.ck of coordination among various actors in the sector; leading to overlapping and duplication of resources and efforts Community Participation • Poor consultation with communities in case of public sector schemes • Most of the sector schemes are supply driven and not demand driven; and as such more likely to fail when these are handed over to communities for post completion operation and maintenance (O&M) Town and City Planning • Haphazard development in absence of any master plan at city and town level • Capacity building gaps among the policy makers, institutions and civil society organisations Demographics • Huge population influx in Karachi from all over Pakistan putting more pressure on alread limited availability of water and sanitation services y • In urban areas, slums and poor settlements are often neglected for water and sanitation services 13 ~. POLI('\' APPIU> \( 'll RS ~.I l.t'Jthl11tlon 111 , " '" ,,t' tlh' ~mdh I ,,l•itl ( i1,\l'11111w111 \ r 1 :n I \ und 1.·11'-111111 ,, ,1t,·r ind . ,11111,111un hinllwn of lrll11I i,:," \'11\11\~·nt. ,rnd tlw , .11 11111, \,·h. R1'µ11l.11u,n, ,ind St.mch11d, th11l rl.'11111.• 1\1 ,, l\ll'r l1nd un,11111011. \.'tl\ m11111wn1 nnd lw,1llh. 11 k tzt>:11\11\ l' r,·,·1c\\ 11h11ll hl' 11ndl-rh ,~l'll to hi1rmo111,c duty h1.wcr ,md ~til~l'hnldl't \lnlkt 1.111tlm nhnHI tlw 11npli,'atm1h o f thc-:1.' lqti-,luttH' 11nd ndm1n1s tm11vc in1olrumcnts. 1 hl' ~111dh l 11\'al ( 1\1\ ('11\ttwnt rt 10 I ' shnll he 11nw111kd to dctu ly tndicntc the mk of Puhlu.: I k ahh 1-n~tnl't.'fltltl and Rum I I kh·lnpt11l'nt lkpnrtmcnt in mrnl , flier supply nnd opcrn1ion nnd m ,intcn:ml'l'. nnd h) dirt' ·t foll mlmi11istr.1ti\'c tt ,lll::-IL'r or stnff nnd fund. to cnnhlc them to undcrtnkc this t\,k. F:\1stint,l mil's rnd rc~uluti,ms rduting t\) drinkinµ wntcr supply shnll be implemented und ndhcrcd h.1. Further. n ' \ 111cr Rq~11l111u1 lkHly' sholl he crcntcd to provide for a long-term sector pl·rspcctiw with rc~ulntMy funct ions to cowr: (i) complinncc with environmental regulations nnd mt.mih)ring ur water qua lit : (i i) surface wntcr us~ nml grnundwutcr nhstmction; (ii i) tnrilT setting; (iv) pn:' idct~ • pcrformnncc: (v) rntionulisntion of competing uses of water: and (vi) protection of customer interests. The Water Rcgulntory body, through legislative and institutionnl mechanisms and processes, shall adhere to principles of ·equity', 'universal coverage', ·social justice· for provision of drinking water as a basic human right to the populace. Further, transparency and accountability shall be ensured through new and existing provincial legislation and regulations. For tariff setting. clear policy guidelines for the poor. marginalized and vulnerable, who are or will not be able to pay for services, shall be formulated indicating minimum criteria and options for them. Further, tariff setting shall take into consideration the social and economic status of the people and level of services (by service providers), in both urban and rural settings. Legislative measures and regulations shall be introduced to create an enabling framework for safely managed drinking water supply, regulation of water usage, extraction, treatment, transportation and distribution to meet the requirements of SDGs. 5.2 Water Resources The proportion of fresh water that is used for domestic, municipal and industrial purposes accounts for only 10%, while 90% is utilised by irrigation for agriculture. An integrated water resource management policy approach shall be adopted and multi-sectoral engagement undertaken to detennine water conservation measures that can aid in meeting rising demand for drinking water and enhance the use of surface water. Mapping of fresh water sources for drinking water shall be conducted and capacities of water reservoirs enhanced. Where feasible, rainwater harvesting and desalinations options shall be pursued. Wastewater treatment plants shall be installed to recycle, recharge and reuse wastewater for municipal and horticultural purposes. 14 . . k d ught areas and growing population in lhe In view of the declining water re. ourcC!i. hrg.h n . ro , hall be formula ted that takes i · • • 1 , , 18nriacmcnl ~1rntcgy nto prov111cc, a prov1ncra Wflttr resource rr 'e • It ral energy municipal do • • con'-iderution the immcdintc. mtdrnm Icm1 and longer term agncu u • • • • mes-lie and industrrnl water needs for the province. 5.3 \\1atcr Supply • • . • • f afcly managed dome. tic water ts that water The minimum Hcccptnblc or11on for the pr(wt. ion ° • • . . 1 . · d system located on prerrn e , ava1lablc whe shall be provided through an improved fact tlY e.g. pipe - • • n . . I · · num requirement of 50 litre ( 11 gallons) p needed. and free from contar111nat1on. to meet t 1e mnlll • er pc1Son per day. In rural settlements, water shall be provided through communal points to meet the • • • · 5 II . ) person per day. Where domestic water supply • mmnnum requirement of 25 lttre (5. ga ons per 1s not of acceptable quality. a provision of at least 4 litres per pers?n per day of drinking water shall be provided. so that no hou ehold is more than 0.5 km from the point of supply. In d~v~lopment of new cheme·. piped water supply shall be prioritised as the preferred approach, recogmsmg that this may not be possible in all settings. Cost-effective, environmental friendly and appropriate technological options to suit local conditions and social and cultural practices shall be used and developed. Operation and maintenance and availability of spare parts and supplies shall also be given due consideration in the selection of technological options to ensure sustainability. Academia and other research institutes shall be involved in developing the affordable solutions. The departments of Local Government Public Health Engineering and other allied departments shall develop standard operating procedures for planning, designing, construction, monitoring, operation and maintenance of various categories of water su~ply scheme~ to ensure adherence to the technical standards and specifications, quality construct1on and sustamable services. Whil e designing water supply schemes, energy and environment issues shall be addressed, and a multi-sectoral approach shall be adopted where feasible. Eve?' water utility shall have an exclusive policy to expand its outreach in slums and katchi ab d. and m areas that are nutritionally vulnerable. a ies, Advisories shall be • s d h 11 . I sue so t at a new water supply schemes ensure that distribution po· t provided to nearby h I d h .. • m s are . sc 00 s an ealth fac1hties. In addition, priority shall be ~ven to 1 • ongomg schemes Wh fi •b . . o comp ehon of h · ere easi le, as a pnnc1ple, water recycling shall be incorporated in 11 sc emes and used for municipal services. a new 15 5.3.1 WASH4Work Jn collaborat1on with UN ngencics and lhe private sector, a special W t\SH4Work'' umbrella campaign shall be undertaken to substantially increase the number of employees in Sindh who have access to safe water. sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in tJ1cir workplace, across supply chains, and align ing those efforts with the broader objectives of mainstreaming water stewardship, improving worker welfare, and improving WASH in communities; with a particular focus on women and girls. 5.4 Water Quality The National Drinking Water Quality Standards shall serve as a reference to adapt and develop Sindh Drinking Water Quality Standards. ln collaboration with PCR WR and international partners, a district and taluka-wise status of water quality shall be ascertained. New schemes shall take cognisance of water quality data and ensure that drinking water quality standards are adhered to and water treatment options are incorporated at source. In the initial phase, district level water quality testing laboratories shall be established with provision of testing for Arsenic and heavy metals. Appropriate technical and support staff shall be deployed following a capacity needs assessment and human resource development and deployment plan. A mechanism for mobile water testing laboratories at district level shall be instituted to test potable water for rural areas. Quality mapping of all urban water supply schemes shall be ensured to plan and implement a "Sindh Drinking Water Quality Improvement Plan" across the province. In collaboration with Sindh Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), industrial effluent draining into freshwater sources shall be closely monitored and stipulations of the Sindh Environmental Protection Act 2014 and related regulations strictly enforced by EPA. Combined Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) shall be established for treatment of industrial wastewater, where feasible. An Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign shall be launched to raise awareness amongst communities about the risks of poor quality and contaminated drinking water, and among industries about the hazards of untreated industrial effluent. The communities shall be educated about low cost but effective water treatment methods for use in home and communal settings. Communities shall be encouraged and taught to adopt treatment of safe drinking water in the household e.g. by using chlorination; boiling; solar disinfection (SODIS) via heat and UV radiation; filtration with different types of filters; and combined chemical coagulation, flocculation, and disinfection. Further, communities shall be advised to ensure that all treated water is stored in a clean and appropriate vessel with a narrow neck and a tap and/or lid. 6 Nathaniel Mason, Mariana Matoso and William Smith. Private Sector and water supply, sanitation and hygiene - Driving catalytic engagement. ODI, 2015 16 5.5 Health, N utritlon and Hy~lrn<· Health, mnri rion and hygiene 1n11dul c!I wi th spccinl cmphusis nn wnlt•r n11d s11 nitnti11n shall hL' developed for incorporotion in tniining programmes for 1.0&1 rt PD nnd PII F&RI )I), Si111il11r modules . hall be dcvl'lopccl for intcgrn tion into training c11rricul11 of Ludy I knlrh Workcri, /'or hculth promotion in communiti(•s, All new ctrinking wntcr supply scherm·s shnll i11corpon110 11 n111111lnt11ry health, nutririon ond hygiene component ns pnrl of the l'om11111n lry p11rticipoflo11 process. Drinking water supply schemes shnll be mndr 11utri1 io11 .'-lc1111it1 vc nnd where fh1sihlu un i11tt·gr11tud approach shall be udoptcd with hculth, nu1ri1io11 und cducntion progn111n11c11. 'l'hi11 n111y incluclo adopting an integmlcd WASH and Nutrition nppronch, which Includes nn,ong others: • 1 landwushing wi th soAp al criticnl times • Safo disposal of infant and nnimnl fncce~ • Safe water treatment and storage • Exclusive breastfeeding • Complemcntl\ry feeding • Prevent st1111ting and matcmal and child anaemia in t.he first 1,000 days nnd improve infant and young child feeding • Referring malnourished children to health care fac il ities • Rehabili tating drinking water supplies • Promoting point-of-use water treatment • Conduct.ing nutrition (cooking) and food hygiene demonstra tions Communities shall be encouraged to adopt essential food safety actions that include: • Keep food preparation areas clean, including hands, surfaces, and utensils • Separate raw and cooked food • Cook food thoroughly • Keep foods at safe temperatures • Use safe water and raw materials Essential Nutrition Actions shall be adopted within integrated WASH-nutri tion programmes and include the following: • Promotion of optimal breastfeeding during the first six months • Promotion of optimal complementary feeding starting at six months with continued breastfeeding to 2 years old and beyond • Promotion of optimal nutrition for women • Promotion of optimal nutritional care of sick and severely malnourished children • Promotion of adequate intake of iron and folic acid and prevention and control of anaemia for women and children 17 • Promotion of adequate intake of iodine by all members of the household • Prevention of vitamin A deficiency in women and children Public awareness campaig ns on water and health and nutrition issues shall be promoted with the help of aon-governmental bodies educational inst1·"' 1· . d . · · . . • 1ll ions an mass media. Standardised messages and effective materials shall be developed for use within health nutri·t1•011 and WASH , programmes. 5.6 Education Curricular change that includes modules on health d h • · h · · . . . . an yg1ene wit special emphasis on water and sanitation shall be mtroduc~~ mto teacher training curricula for pre- and in-service teacher training programmes. A health, nutnt1on and hygiene booklet and resource kit shall be developed for school children to create awareness and enhance health and nutrition promotion and hygiene practices and disseminate these messages to their fami lies. Standardised school WASH infrastructure guidelines shall be developed so that infrastructure is inclusive and accessible for all. 5.7 Sector Efficiency Mapping of all dysfunctional urban and rural water supply schemes shall be undertaken to determine those 'fit for repair' and their rehabilitation initiated on priority basis. Standard operating procedures shall be developed for water supply schemes in urban and rural settings. Sector governance shall be improved through various measures including e-procurement, ensuring market-based rate structures, which are standardised and regularly updated for civil works in water and sanitation scheme bids, and introduce mandatory design and supervision by consultants of civil works contracts above a threshold. The monitoring of non-revenue water by virtue of system losses and wastage must be a continuous process. It is a specialised job, needing leakage detection equipment and allocating pennancnt monitoring points in the system. Water meters shall be installed in the system to monitor the flow in towns and cities. Training shall be imparted to the PH E&RDD, KW &SB, W ASA and Local Government staff, under O&M training, to detect, manage and prevent leakages in the system. The provision for capacity building and leakage detection equipment and water meters shall also be included in financial plans. 5.8 Sector Capacity A human resource review of cadres working in the sector shall be conducted to assess existing capacities and human resource needs for: (i) strategic planning and management; (ii) e~gineering a~d technical; (iii) financial management: (i,·) urban management; (v) social/community development/customer focus. IK Capacity building programme. shall be prioriti. cd in areas of planning. mon11nnng and c, .1luJ11l,n (M&E). as et managem~nt. regulation and financial management. Further. :-.cctoi C,lp.3Cll} nc"xh ,hJII be enhanced for humanitarian respon. c. di a tcr n. k reduction and disaster prcp3rcdnc • • The capacities of local government training institution. hall be . trcngthcncd "-' me-ct the dcn1and-. of capacity building. Financial allocation for capacit building shall be enhanced and collaborauon ,hall be sought with international development partners. 5.9 Sector Financing Ln the urban context. provision of water and anitation scheme. hall be well integrated '' ith1n the overall urban sector planning. Overall sectoral development at provincial. district and utilit} lc\i~L shall be undertaken in a pha ed manner in line with the ectoral development plan and relatl'd development plan of the government. Village development plans (VDPs) hall be prepared for each village and ~hall adhere to the general guidelines given in the rurnl development policy. Before embarking on new scheme , budget allocation for on-going .chcmc. hall be done on priorit basis to ensure timely completion and to avoid co t o, er-run . Policy framework shall be reviewed to cover the cnttcal 1,,ue of co~t-rc m-cry: hoth for cap1tnl investments and O&M. Where ub idies arc to be pro, 1dcd, the c !lhJII be targeted and c phcitly stated. Demand-based budgeting hall be introduced thal 1, rc,p<W11\C to 1dcn11ficd and ratmnJll,cd need . . and is based on clear mandate and juri diction, bet\\ ccn ~C) tor 1n,11tutron, The KWSB, SUSC, LG&HTPD, Hyderabad WA. . and PIIL&ROO hall bc cmpo .. \crcd 10 generate sector funding within the provi ion of e'=, tmg leg, la11on and rcgul.11100, The providers shall be urged to promote metering of water on,umptmn to dl'lcoura~c the indi criminate u e of water. Thi hall be done by rod,, 1dual. oil 11, c or bull. mercnng J, appropriate. The implementation of professional ystem for billing and ollcc11on ,hJII bt- t ncouragcd through option such as trengthening the local go\'ernment , outsourcing 10 the pm ate 'ICCtor LOmmunll) . based system of collection, etc. 1 •> ··Public Pri, :ilc Partnership." in water and sanitation hall be promoted through n clear policy. nnd on enabling cnvironrncnl that fosters intcgmtcd waler and sanitation schemes. A mechanism shall be developed to collate. analyse and di seminatc comprehensive financial management infonnation for the sector that incorporates sub-sector allocations and trncks expenditures for improved planning and execution. Sectoral expenditures for drinking water supply shall be enhanced to I 0% of the total provincial Annual Development Plans (ADP) in the mid to long-term from the current 7.5% in 2015-167. These enhancements shall be reflected in the Medium Term Development Frnmeworks and Annual Development Plans. The water tariff shall be revised periodically according to ground realities. feasibility for volumetric­ based charging, affordability and in consultation with end-users, and ensure its timely collection. 5.1 O Sector Coordination A province-wide stakeholder analysis shall be undertaken to map and document the multiple stakeholders in the sector and their current roles, and identify a clear segregation of roles and responsibilities for 'Policy", "Regulation" and "Service provision" supplemented by support for sub­ sector coordination and planning. The roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders shall be clarified and delineated, and enshrined in policy, especially the role of elected representatives in relation to allocations for water and sanitation, the role of the administrative and technical arms of local governments and line departments, the roles of communities and community based organisations, the role of NGOs, and the potential roles of the private sector. A mechanism for sector coordination at provincial, district and taluka levels shall be defined and institutionalised, and would also include coordination for humanitarian response. A policy shall be developed at government level to streamline administrative and coordination mechanisms for the executing agencies related to other department like irrigation, WAPDA, land acquisition etc. 5.11 Sector Monitoring A review of departmental and existing systems of monitoring (at all tiers of government) shall be undertaken to determine capacity needs and where to strengthen existing structures for better and more systematic generation of information, in relation to physical assets, financial management and service delivery. Third Party Audit, monjtoring and inspection shall be conducted by the Auditor General Sindh, Monitoring and Evaluation Cell (MEC), Planning and Development Department, 7 ADP allocations for drinking water supply under Local Government, Housing & Community. Physical Planning Housing, Public Health Engineering, Community Development Programme, and Special Initiatives. This do~s not include sectoral funding from Federal Government or grants to Members of National Assembly (some of which are used for water and sanitation). 20 Government of Sindh and Chief Mini tc-r Inspection Team ([:\HT) with tflt, g:l\ :ran tll anJ )0 govemmental organisations. Performanc-e monitoring skill be sy: mJlt :ally 1.'.1rrit'\.I ,:,ut J..nJ ti-luh 1-.t~, the work-plans of O\'ers.igbL regulatory bodi -. High t ·h and km , -1 tl'>l"l fr lS \ 1- l\" ~-lll based monitoring hall be introduced "here ... k asible to ' lUUIK't' Uld farihtJtt' n 'lUtl'.,ri~ mechani ms. A sector infonnation management sysrem shall be pril,ritised fi.)r it', ·I pa 'nt that t :'\)q'\mlt ,· djgital integratjon. web-based reporting applicatioru . and GI appli ativn:-· Toc mt"hml..ltioo ~w~t :,n hall generatt' a di trict score card for the sector and sub- ' t'l' tl>~ that :-an Ot' u::· t tt) impro, e ptu~\ling. monitor progre . detennine coverage and a~c . and prioritis intef\ entionf A programme management unit shall be establisht.'CI to manage secmr 1.wrdinatil n mJ R'f-l'"~­ maintain the sector monitoring and information management system. liai~ ~ " ith instirurion..'\J~ ~ government monitoring systems. facilitate implementation of St'('tor policies and . ~~tor de, ·lopn :-nt plan. act as a conduit for inter-sectoral collaboration. operate ns a repo,.,;:.itory of infom1arion and knowledge. and generate sectoral progress repons for the Gowmment of indh and )t~r stakeholders. LG&HTPD. PHE&RDD and KW&SB shall collect primary infom1ation on starus t)f wat:-r availability. functjonal and dysfunctional scheme and quality of service. All completed schem projects shall ensure that PC-Vis duly completed and submittt>d. 5.12 Institutional Arrangements 5.12. J Roles and Responsibilities under the Sindh Local Go,·ernment Act 2013 All provincial. district. Taluka and UC level legislative bodie~ and gowmment departn1"nts and agencies shall fulfil their roles strictly in keeping ,,ith the pro,ision. of the indh local GoYemment Act 2013 (mainly based on the Local Government Ordinance 19 9). A system of feedback. consultation and coordination shall be established at the proYincial. distri t and local government level between all agencies (such as Environment Protection Agen y. Ht'alth. Education, and Urban and Regional Planning Departments and instinitions) dealing \\ith " uer and sanitation issues. The local governments shall provide technical support to f GOs and CBOs working on watt'r supply and sanitation related issues on the self-help component sharing model or )ther l'Ommunit\' initiatives. J./2.2 Provincial a11d District Level Arrangements The departments of Local Government and Public Health Engineering shall be responsible for the execution of the drinking water policy. The following mechanisms shall be adopted. Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Steering Committee The P&DD has established a Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Steering Committee represented by most sectors. This committee shall incorporate WASH and be renamed Multi-Sectoral Nutrition and WASH Committee. For projects that require collaboration with other sectors LG&HTPD and ' PHE&RDD shall utilise the Steering Committee for improved coordination and high level planning. The Steering Committee shall provide policy guidance and coordination to the different sectors. Departmental Technical Committees The Departmental Technical Committees shall be operationalised and review ongoing and proposed new schemes for technical and financial oversight and guidance in relation to the Annual Development Plan (ADP). Strategic WASH Technical Working Group A Strategic WASH Technical Working Group, already notified by Government of Sindh, shall monitor overall progress and facilitate implementation of the WASH Sector Development Plan 2016 2026, provide a forum for inter-departmental coordination for the implementation of the plan, promote alignment of sector partner projects with the Sector Plan, and facilitate donor engagement and reporting. Sector Coordination and Monitoring Unit (SCMU) A SCMU shall be established under the auspices of P&DD as part of the Nutrition Unit to facilitate implementation of the sector development plan. The SCMU shall liaise with the Multi-Sectoral Steering Committee, Departmental Technical Committees, Strategic WASH Technical Working Group, Monitoring and Evaluation cell in P&DD, and the District Coordination and Monitoring Unit (DCMU). District WASH Committees A District WASH Committee shall be set up and operationalised under the DC Office. Representation of relevant district staff of LG&HTPD, PHE&RDD, Health and Education on t? t~is committee shall be required. Other sector representation shall be co-opted as required. The D1stnct WASH Committee shall perfom1 di::> rnle of sector coordination, planning, and multi-sectoral collaboration. 22 l)l,1rkc roordtn11cion and Monltorfn~ UnlC d . . . . . , • (D(~MU) shnll be sci up an opcrat1onahscd und ,\ D11-111c1 l ll\H\ltrrnll(m nnd Monrllmng Umt • • er the l)C Ollt~\'. Foch IX'MU \\ oUld he !>laOcd by n District M&E Manager 8nd Supportcd by lwo Water . . CMU I 111 ave reporting arrangements to the SCMU ind S nil,1lllltl RcpClr1 rng Oflic{'rs. The D s 18 1 . . and J II I• • • h h ,.E ()fi" nrid LG 1,·crs for infonna11on regarding schemes, and also ... ,·th :- 1::1 misc "rt t c ,, • rce .. vv • • r. • • related to the sector. The DCMU shall c . nthcr :-1.'CM~ hkc hcnllh and cduca11on ,or issues ompJJe ph~ , icnl nnd financial progress data on ongoing and completed scheme~, make monitoring visits to scheme sires. dclcnninc the status of O&M of schemes visited, and provide month1Y reporting to the , , tU. OCMU data shall be used to develop district scorecards for water, sanitation and hygiene. 5.12.3 local Gm,ernment Arrangement TI1c line departments shall facilitate the development of plans in collaboration with the local go\'cmmenls. The stafT of the departments of LG&HTPD and PHE&RDD shall be made skilful in mobilisation, organisation, implementation and operation and maintenance of any development scheme undertaken in a Union Council. Water Management Associations (WMAs) shall be formed for monitoring the operation and maintenance of the scheme by the WMAs. Water Supply Comminces shall also be fonned in each tier of local government. S./2.tl Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Sindh EPA shall play its state function to regulate the overall sector activities, prepare legislation, and penalise the offenders through courts as per "polluter-to-pay" rule. EPA shall also provide technical support to Planning and Development Department (P&DD) and line departments in developing sector guidelines as per their respective mandates. EPA shall be responsible for development of a provincial Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Protocol in line with National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS). 5.12.5 Health Department The .department shall raise awareness and institute behavioural change about safe water, sanitation and tis related health, nutrition and hygiene implications among the beneficiary communities, throu h the Nutrition Support Programme and paramedical staff and Lady Health Visitors/Lady Heal~b Wor~ers (LHVs/LHWs). The department shall assist EPA and P&DD to set health standards for quality and quantity of safe drinking water required for human beings. 5.12.6 Education Department The e~ucation department ~hal l im.plement and integrate safe drinking water awareness, nutrition and behaviour change commw11cat1on m schools and coordinate with P&DD, line departments and NGO ~o set plan~ and p~ogrammes for safe water supply schemes. The department shall ensur: unplementahon of national schools Water, Environment and Sanitation (WES) standards. 23 S. f 2. 7 No11 Government Sector NGO . Civil Soci~t~ Org~nisations (~SOs), and Community 0ascd Organisations (CBOs) shall be encouraged to participate m the prov, ton of water supply and sanitation infrastructure in rural as well S Urban areas. The NGOs shall be encouraged to assist the govcmmc t • b'I' • · · a n in mo 1 ,sing commun1t1cs for water supply schemes related programmes and projects. 12 8 Private Sector 5. . The Government of Sindh shall create an enabling environment to foster further interaction between the government, privat~ sector, c~mpanies like NSUC, and semi-government agencies for development and promotion of safe drinking water supply. 12 9 Media 5 . . Electronic and print media shall be encouraged to disseminate awareness messages to the wider population. The Government and NGOs shall assist them to develop educational programmes on water and health related issues and implement such programmes. 5.12.10 Religious Leaders Ulema and Khateebs shall be encouraged to raise awareness about water and sanitation among the wider population through their religious sermons and in their routine preaching to the general public. 5.12.l J Academia and Research Institutes Key academic institutes shall be involved in research and gathering evidence for drinking water especially in identification, development, management and conservation of drinking water sources. 5.13 Community Participation Communities shall be involved in the planning, implementation, monitoring and O&M of the water supply schemes. The O&M of the schemes especially in the remote areas/villages shall be handed over to the Drinking Water User Associations (DWUAs), which can generate ample revenue by collection of water charges to maintain the water supply schemes. Local governments shall hold public consultations at the conceptual des~gn of the development plan, schemes and projects. 5.14 Public Awareness Intensive information, education and communication campaigns shall be designed and implemented to promote water safety, water conservation and safe health and hygie~e practices. To this effect, a comprehensive programme shall be formulated that will concentrate particularly on the womenfolk of the area as they are the key players in domestic use of water. 24 i nd Mnintt\mrncc of thr Systrm R Ir" for Opcrnt on n . , . 5. t 5 ll s . , , ·hull be fonm1l11tcd by LC ,&111 PO nnd Pll E&RI) I• •ind 11ll11tlt~•11nncc ~ • • r . . I) b nu: mks for l pl'nl wn ' • 1 ,,·s shnll he given to 1dcnt1 y mnovntivc uppro ,1 Y I i•u-d Ouc cmp 1u~ • • nc ics l'k takin\l nil st 1ld1oldcrs on )\ • • 1 1 ,111 sl·li••mcs handing over to communitic<• etc • 1 c ~ r 1,, , opn c • " • • "• OllC ycnr O&M support usu pm1 ll cc • Public-Private Partnership . . 5. 16 . ,. t , P" ... ncrships tor cnhancmg ncccss to safe drink,· 1 •. i pub I 1c-p11v11 c m' ng Wat, Priratc cntn:pl'l'ncurs up nnt , . , nobilisation and capacity development shall be . er. , . , )ply systems. rc~ourcc; I . . . explored O&M ot ,Hiter sur • 1 f ,· ,ii society orgnntsntions to support the government' ft' Spt'Cificnlly in urban nn:11s. The ro c o Cl\ s c Orts in tl1is context shall be encouraged. 5 t 7 Research and Development . . . . . • , d k t pilot new approaches and mnovative ideas and arrangcm . s ~inl etlorts shall be un erta en ° . ents tn pe . . ecially those which help to improve access, quality effic· the drinl,ng water sector. esp . ' tcncy . . b'l't· Where these pilots are successful. they shall be widely dissern· ' effectiveness and sustama 11 Y· tnated and plans made to scale-up and replicate them. S.18 Disaster Risk Reduction Provincial, District and Taluka level risk reduction plans ( emergency p~e paredness and response plans) shall be developed in line with the Sphere Standards to ensure prov1s1on of clean water to the people affected by emergencies such as floods, earthq~akes,. drought s an~ conflicts. Water supply systems shall be desiITTted and constructed with due cons1derat1on to chmattc events, natural disast e d . . . ers and emergencies, and training programmes on emergency prepare ness, m1ttgat1on and response shall be arranged for the staff of tine departments. civil society organisatio~s and communities in the light of the strategy devised by the Provincial Disaster Management Authonty (POMA) in connection with LG&HTPD, PHE&RDD and other stakeholders. In view of the climatic risk, disaster risk reduction and mitigation strategies and actions shall be developed through community led water safety and security planning and its implementation. 5.19 Coordinated Planning and Implementation A sector-wide approach shall be promoted for the water supply sub-sector. The indicators of existing data collection systems such as Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Demographic and Health Survey and Population Census shall be streamlined to meet the requirements of SDGs. In order to enhance sector coordination and minimise the risk of wasteful duplication of work, a Management lnfonnation System shall be developed, so that the database with all the relevant information about drinking water supply systems in the province can be used for improved planning and execution. 25 1 Ed11catio11 and Health S.1~• of the fact that about half the schools (especially primary schools) and many health care Jn view . . . . . . 1 . • 5 in the province do not have a functional dnnkmg water supply adequate allocations shall be fac1 ,11e . . . , made by th~ ~esp ect1ve Im~ dep~rti~en~s (Educat10n and Health? f~r provision of safe d~inking w~ter 1 faciht1es m educational mstitutions and health care fac,httes under the respective education supp y T l . I . nd health sector programmes. ec mica assistance for planning and execution of schemes shall be a .d d by LG&HTPD and PHE&RDD. prov1 e S.20 Im~lementation Arrangements The policy shall be 11npl~mented ~y t~e Gov~rn ment of Sindh, local governments, and government agencies in accordance with the guidelmes, pnnciples and measures spelt out in this document. communities, NGOs an~ ~he private sec~or shall be supported and their involvement encouraged in rdance with the prov1s1ons of the Pohcy. acco A policy and regulat~ry framework for coordination between the various sectors involved in water and sanitation related issues shall be put m place at the provincial and local government level. A programme for the upgrading of info~al settlements shall be instituted on Jines similar to that of the katchi abadi improvement and upgradmg programmes. While conducting WASH assessments of communities, nutrition assessments shall also be integrated so that a WASH-Nutrition assessment is conducted. Similarly, WASH assessments shall be included in nutrition assessments. The departments of Local Government and Public Health Engineering shall be responsible for the execution of the drinking water policy. Under the Sindh Local Government Act (2013), District and Union Councils are responsible to provide technical support to Community Based Organisations (CBOs) working on water supply and sanitation related issues on the self-help component sharing model or other community initiatives. The line departments shall facilitate the development of plans in collaboration with the local governments. The staff of the departments of LG&HTPD and pHE&RDD shall be made skilful in mobilisation, organisation, implementation and operation and maintenance of any development scheme undertaken in a Union Council. LG&HTPD and PHE&RDD can play a very positive role in community organisation, establishment of Water Management Associations (WMAs) and monitoring the operation and maintenance of the scheme by theWMAs. The Drinking Water Policy goals and objectives can only be achieved through strong community mobilisation. It is envisaged that the Communities shall be involved in the planning, implementation, monitoring and O&M of the water supply schemes (WSS). The O&M of the schemes especially in 26 (I ·k· Water User Associations (DWUAs) lC remote areas/vi llages shall be handed over to the Orm mg . . • ' h . , f harges to mamta111 the water supply w ich can generate ample revenue by collect1on o water c • • . h . I • s at the conceptual design of the sc emes. Local govcmmcnls shall hold public consu tatton . . d ' I . &RDD vides technical assistance to DWUAs eve opment plan, schemes and projects, while PHE pro . . . • PHE&RDD shall not be involved in the collection of revenue. Modifications 10 the designs shall be carried out to accommodate the concerns of the stakeholders. The PC- Is sha ll be prepared only after such a process has been carried out. Local Council Moilitoring Committees shall oversee the programme/project/scheme. F ffi • . h (RWSS) management in Sindh: ore ect1 ve and sustamable rural water supply sc emes · a) PHED shall appoint Social Mobilisation/Community Development Officers with proper qualifications to interact with communities b) Local government (LG) department in coordination with Social Mobilisati~n/Community Development Officers of PHED shall constitute the Local Council Monitoring Committee (LCMC) and hold public consultations at the conceptual design of the R WSS development plan, schemes and projects. c) The site selection of the RWSS shall require recommendation of the LCMC following which PHED wi ll be responsible for Engineering Design, Procurement of Materials, Construction, Installation and Commissioning. d) Upon completion of the RWSS, the scheme shall be handed over to the respective Drinking Water User Association (DWUA) for operation and maintenance (O&M) of the RWSS. DWUAs shall be able to generate ample revenue by collection of water charges to maintain the water supply schemes. The water tariff shall be set as per recommendations of the DWUA in consultation with the community. e) The minor repair requirement of the RWSS shall be met within the revenue generated by the DWUA and major repairs of the RWSS shall be met from the budget of O&M Wing of the PHED. Moreover, technical support for minor/major repair shall also be provided by O&M Wing of PHED. O&M and minor repair manual shall be prepared by PHED and handed over to the DWUA for smooth functioning of the RWSS. f) DWUA shall sign a memorandum of agreement (MoA) with PHED to give their (DWUA) commitment to undertake regular monitoring and reporting to O&M Wing of PHED, and for carrying out O&M by the DWUA from the revenues generated from the scheme. The disbursement ofrevenues shall be the sole responsibility of the DWUA. g) Monitoring of R WSS shall be the sole responsibility of PHED and develop/maintain web based GIS/MIS of all RWSS and report the level of functionality of RWSS. h) PHED shall be designated as the lead agency for RWSS working in close coordination with LG department in Union and District Councils and its Rules of Business (ROB) shall b~ revised including design, construction, installation, commissioning, and momtormg (O&M, minor/major repair) of the rural water supply schemes. 27 i) The Annual Development Plan (ADP) of PHED shall reflect the following: • New and ongoing rural WSS (R WSS) • Rehabilitation of non-functional RWSS • Upgrading/extension of existing RWSS • Major repair of existing RWSS • Behavioural Change Communication Campaigns/activities, IEC production and dissemination, trainings (PHED staff & DWUAs)