National Water Resources Policy 2077

/fli^«o hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& g]kfn ;/sf/ pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+ g]kfn ;/sf/ pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+ /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&& k|sflzt ;+VofM @!)) k|lt ;jf{lwsf/ M pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)&&÷#÷@( k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g tyf ax'pkof]uL ljsf; / lbuf] ¿kdf pkof]u ug{sf lgldQ lbzflgb]{z ug{, hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf /x]sf jt{dfg ;jfnx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ tyf eljiodf pTkGg x'g;Sg] ;d:ofx¿nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ub}{ hn;|f]tsf] clwstd Pj+ lbuf] pkof]u u/L b]znfO{ ;d[4 agfpg of] gLlt Pp6f sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt x'g] ljZ jf; lnPsf] 5' . ;fy} hn;|f]tsf] If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿aLr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{ tyf hn;|f]tnfO{ efjL k':tf;Ddsf] nflu ;'/lIft /fV gsf] nflu of] gLltn] dfu{bz{g ug]{ ljZ jf; ;d]t lnPsf] 5' . ljleG g If]qut tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf ePtf klg PsLs[t ¿kdf k|:t't gLlt klxnf] k6s Nofpg kfpFbf d Hofb} v'zL ePsf] 5' . o; gLltn] hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"g tyf cGo If]qut gLlt lgdf{0fdf yk ;xof]u k'Ug] ljZ jf; ;d]t lnPsf] 5' . cGTodf, k|:t't gLlt th{'dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'x'g] k|b]zsf dGqLHo"x?, g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;lrjx?, ;x;lrjx?, o;df ;+nUg cGo sd{rf/Lx? tyf k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifbsf] sfof{no, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]usf] ;lrjfno, pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno kl/jf/ / o;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg'x'g] ;DalGwt ;a} lj1x?nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxfG5' . jif{dfg k'g …cgGtÚ dGqL pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno dGtJo dfgjLo hLjg ofkgsf nflu dfq xf]O{gls ;f/f k|f0fL hut\s} cl:tTjsf] lglDt geO{ gx'g] k|fs[lts ;|f]t xf], hn ;Dkbf . k[YjLsf] s"n ;txsf] &! k|ltzt If]qkmn kfgLsf] ;txn] cf]u6]sf] ePtfklg s]jn # k|ltzt dfq :jR5 kfgL /x]sf] 5 . To;dWo] klg clwsf+z kfgL cyf{t hDdf kfgLsf] @=% k|ltzt kfgL t pQ/L tyf blIf0fL „'jx¿df / pRr lxdfnL e]udf :yfoL lxpFsf] ¿kdf hd]/ /x]sf] 5 . s]jn )=% k|ltzt kfgL dfq gbLgfnf tfn tn}ofdf /x]sf] x'Fbf lkpg Pj+ l;+rfO{sf] lglDt k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] kfgLsf] dfqf cToGt} sd 5 . To;df klg kfgLsf] pknAwtf k[YjLsf] ;a} e"efudf ;dfg'kflts ¿kn] 5}g . To;}n] k[YjLdf kfgL k|r'/ dfqfdf xFbfx'b} klg of] Ps cTofjZos t/ b'n{e k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfn e"kl/j]li7t d'n's x'Fbfx'Fb} klg o;sf] pQ/L e"efudf /x]sf cUnf lxdfnox¿af6 lg;[t gbLgfnfx¿sf] ;~hfn / xhf/f}+ tfn÷tn}of, bx÷s'08x¿ /x]sf] x'gfn] hn;|f]tsf] wgL d'n'ssf] ¿kdf kl/lrt 5 . k|fs[lts¿kdf hnrqm af6} lgoldt e08f/0f eO/xg] lxdfn¿kL ljzfn hnfzo h;n] aiff{bsf] ;dodf lxdkftnfO{ ;d]6]/ hn e08f/0f ub{5 eg] ;'Vvf ofddf la:tf/} la:tf/} cfkm} klUnP/ u'¿Tjfsif{0fs} andf ;f/f gbL k|0ffnLdf hnk|jfx u/fpF5 . ToxL pQ/L lxd>[Înf g} g]kfnsf] hn>f]tsf] lglDt k|fs[lts j/bfg xf] . k|fs[lts ¿kdf :jtM pknAw o; ax'pkof]uL ;|f]tnfO{ /fli6«o lxt cg'¿k pkof]uL 9Ëaf6 bLuf] pkof]u tyf Aoj:yfkg ug{ d]/f] egfO{ ;s]df d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf; tyf ;d[l4 w]/} 6f9f cjZo 5}g . vfg]kfgL / 3/]n' pkof]unfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ To;kl5 qmdzM l;+rfO, kz' tyf df5fkfng, hnljB't, cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg, hn oftfoft, wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts jf jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f / ko{6gnfO{ pkof]usf] k|fyldsLs/0fdf /fv]/ hn>f]t dfly ;a} If]qsf] tyf ;a} tx / tKsfsf] kxF'r ;'lglZrt ug{' cfhsf] cfjZostf ag]sf] 5 . Ps} txsf laleG g lgsfox¿ tyf ;+3, k|b]z Pjd\ :yfgLo txsf ;/sfx?aLr hn>f]tsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ x'g;Sg] ;+efJo ljjfb Pj+ lvrftfgLnfO{ b[li6ut u/L o;sf] :jfldTj Pj+ pkof]u ;DaGwL clwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8sf ;':ki6 cfwf/x¿ tox'g' clxn] ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnL clËsf/ u/]sf] d'n'ssf] lglDt csf]{ 68\sf/f] cfjZostf xf] . d"nx¿sf] ;+/If0f, hnk|b'if0fsf] Go"gLs/0f tyf hnf]TkGg k|sf]kx¿sf] Joj:yfkg hn>f]t;Fu hf]l8Psf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] . oL ;a} cfofdx¿nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ lgsfout Pj+ txut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf x'g]u/L d'n'ssf] Plss[t hn;|f]tsf] lasf; / Joj:yfkgsf] lglDt g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|:t't /fli6«o hn>f]t gLlt NofPsf] 5 . g]kfndf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ;DaGwdf ljleG g If]qut gLltx? k|rngdf /x]sf] eP tfklg ;du| hn;|f]tsf] lasf; / Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;d]6\ g] PsLs[t gLltsf] cefj dx;'; ul/Psf] kl/k|]Iodf xfn} dfq g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ePsf] of] /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&& ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ pkof]uL x'g] ljZ jf; lnPsf] 5' . cGTodf, of] gLlt tof/ ug{ ;xof]u ug{' x'g] ;a}df xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . dw';'wg clwsf/L ;lrj -l;+rfO{ pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO c¶fO; jif{;Dd hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf] cfwf/e"t sfg"gL b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf /xL cfPsf] hn;|f]t P]g @)$( nfO{ ;dofg's'n agfpg] lbzfdf pGd'v eO{ /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& hf/L ePsf]df dnfO{ cToGt v'zL nfu]sf] 5 . of] gLlt th{'dfsf] nflu of]ubfg ug{'x'g] ;DalGwt sd{rf/L ;fyLx¿ nufot ;Dk"0f{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . hn;|f]tsf] ;du| ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgdf ;+ljwfgn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] l;4fGt tyf ;+3Lo, k|fb]lzs / :yfgLo ;/sf/aLr hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / ljsf;df clwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8sf laifonfO{ j}1flgs 9Ëjf6 ;+af]wg u/L hn;|f]t P]g @)$( nfO{ kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf o; gLltn] ;f] sfo{ ug{ lgs} dbt ug{ ;Sg] d}n] 7fg]sf] 5' . of] gLltnfO{ sfg"gL b:tfj]hdf ?kfGt/0f u/L kfgL ;DaGwL d"n sfg"g th{'df tyf sfof{Gjog ug{' casf] k|d'v r'gf}lt ePsf] 5 . cfufdL lbgx?df o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ cfjZos ;+3Lo sfg"gL Joj:yfx?sf] dftxtdf /xL hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / ljsf; ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/ / Joj:yfx¿ k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/ :jo+ n] th{'df ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] ;du| hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf o; gLltsf] e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf/L x'g] dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . cGtdf,cfufdL lbgx?df /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& sf] sfof{Gjog tyf o;sf nflu cfjZos sfg"gL / ;+:yfut Joj:yf ug]{tkm{ xfdL ;a}sf] k|of; s]lG›t x'g'kb{5 . wGojfb Û lbg]zs'df/ l3ld/] ;lrj -pmhf{ pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno dGtJo g]kfn hn;|f]tsf] b[li6sf]0fn] Pp6f ;DkGg d"n's xf] tyflk o;sf] ;Defjgf / pknAwtfsf] t'ngfdf pkof]uaf6 xfdLn] lng ;Sg'kg]{ hlt cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs nfe lng g;Sg'Ù hn;|f]tsf] kl/df0f tyf u'0f:t/sf] :t/ tLa|¿kn] v:sb} hfg'Ù hnhGo k|sf]kx?sf] dfqf 36\g'sf] ;§f emg} a9\ b} hfg'Ù hn;|f]t dfq xf]Og hnfzo -jf6/ al8h x¿ dfly klg tLa|¿kn] cltqmd0f / lgoGq0f x'Fb} hfg'Ù ;Ldf tyf cGt/fli6«o gbLgfnfx?sf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf l5d]sL b]zx?;Fu ;Gt'lnt Pj+ k|efjsf/L ;dGjo x'gdf sdL x'g'Ù hnoL h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnoL kof{j/0f dfly ;+s6 pTkG g x'g uO/xg'Ù hn;|f]tsf] plrt Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f Pj+ lgodg ug{ tyf o; If]qdf p7]sf laafbx?sf] lg¿k0fsf] nflu lhDd]jf/ lgsfo / sfg"gsf] cefj x'g' ;fy} b]zsf] jt{dfg ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg'¿k hn;|f]t dflysf] If]qflwsf/sf] sfg"gL ¿kdf :ki6tf x'g g;Sg' cflb jt{dfg g]kfnsf] hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf b]vf kl//x]sf k|d'v d'2f Pj+ ;jfnx? x'g . dfly pNn]lvt g]kfnsf] hn;|f]t If]qdf b]lvPsf ljBdfg d'2f Pj+ ;jfnx?nfO{ ;xL 9+un] ;Daf]wg u/L b]znfO{ cfly{s ?kn] ;d[l4 agfpgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg cyjf o;sf] nflu ;xL ¿kdf lbzflgb]{z ug{sf nflu l9n} ePklg of] hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& tof/ eO{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t klg eO{ ;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . hn;|f]t If]qdf ePsf] of] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{af6 d cToGt xlif{t ePsf] 5' / dnfO{ nfU5 o; sfo{af6 hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;Dk"0f{ AolQm, lj1 tyf lgsfox?df klg v'zLsf] nx/ 5fPsf] x'g ;Sb5 . d]/f] egfO{ lagf P]g, sfg"g, gLlt :jo+ cfkm} sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf ca xfdLn] o; gofF gLltn] O+lut ug{ vf]h]sf] dd{ / efjgf cg'¿ksf] hn;|f]t P]g tyf lgodfjnL / lgb]{lzsfx? klg oyf;So rfF8f] u/L tof/ ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 eg] of] gLltnfO{ eljiodf ;do ;fk]If ¿kdf kl/dfh{g ub}{ nUg'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ klg la;{g' ePg . cGTodf, jt{dfg pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfnosf df=dGqL >L aif{dfg k'g Ho"sf] tf/Gtf/sf] ;Nnfx, ;'emfj, lgb]{zg, tyf emsemsfO{ gx'Fbf] xf] t of] gLlt olt rfF8} o; ¿kdf tof/L x'g] cj:yf lyPg . To;}n] o;sf] nflu ;j{k|yd d df=dGqLHo"k|lt xflb{s wGojfb Pj+ xflb{s cfef/ k|s6 ug{ rfxG5' . To;} u/L, of] hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& th{'df ug{df cxf]/fq vl6g' x'g] hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]u / pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfnosf ljåfg ldqx?Ù k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf ¿kdf ;+nUg x'g' x'g] nufotÙ cfˆgf] dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfj tyf ;Nnfx k|bfg ug{' x'g] tL ;Dk"0f{ JolQm, lj1, k/fdz{bftf Pj+ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yfx? nfO{ klg d]/f] Åbob]lv g} d'/L d'/L wGojfb . ;fu/ s'df/ /fO{ ;lrj hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]usf] ;lrjfno != k[i7e"ld ! @= ljutsf k|of;x¿ @ #= jt{dfg cj:yfM @ $= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿ # %= gLltsf] cfjZostfM $ ^= bL3{sfnLg ;f]rM $ &= nIoM % *= p2]Zox¿ % (= /0fgLltx¿M % !)= gLlt tyf sfo{gLltx¿M ^ /0fgLlt -! ^ /0fgLlt -@ & /0fgLlt -# ( /0fgLlt -$ ( /0fgLlt -% !) /0fgLlt -^ !@ /0fgLlt -& !@ /0fgLlt -* !# /0fgLlt -( !$ /0fgLlt -!) !% /0fgLlt -!! !^ !!= ;+:yfut Joj:yfM !* !@= sfg"gL Joj:yfM !* !#= cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sgM !* !$= If]qut gLlt tyf gLltsf] kl/dfh{gM !( !%= hf]lvd tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M !( c= hf]lvdx¿ !( cf= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M !( k]hzLif{s ljifo ;"rL 1 /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&& != k[i7e"ld g]kfndf hn;|f]t cToGt dxTjk"0f{ k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF /x]sf gbLgfnfx¿af6 jflif{s ¿kdf ;/b/ @@% ca{ 3gld6/ kfgL pknAw x'G5 eg] ;/b/ !@ ca{ 3gld6/ kfgL e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] ¿kdf k'ge{/0f x'g] ub{5 . ;fy} xhf/f}sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf tfn tn}of tyf l;d;f/af6 klg 7"nf] kl/df0fdf kfgL pknAw eO/x]sf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm sltko gbLgfnf afXo ;Ldf gbLsf] ¿kdf ;d]t /x]sf] x'Fbf /fli6«o lxt cg'¿k hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ug{ h?/L 5 . hnljB'tdf ul/g] ljsf;n] /fli6«o cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos pmhf{ pknAw x'g] dfq geO{ cfGtl/s dfu cfk"lt{ u/L art /xg] ljB't lgsf;Laf6 /fli6«o cfDbfgL j[l4df pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'Ub5 . o;sf ;fy} ;g\ @)#) ;Dd xfl;n ug{'kg]{ lbuf] ljsf;sf nIo / To;df lgwf{/0f ul/Psf sltko /fli6«o nIox¿ xfl;n ug{sf lgldQ hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf] k|ToIf of]ubfg /xG5 . g]kfndf hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; dfkm{t ;d[l4 xfl;n ug{ 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvPsf]n] Æ;d[4 g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLæ sf] /fli6«o cfsf+IffnfO{ jf:tljstfdf kl/0ft ug{ klg pknAw hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ckl/xfo{ ePsf] 5 . lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf] hg;+Vof j[l4 Pjd\ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;d]tsf] sf/0fn] kfgLsf] ;|f]tdf w]/} rfk a9\b} hfg] lglZrtk|foM 5 . s]xL jif{ otf s'n jflif{s jiff{sf] kl/df0fdf vf;} leGgtf gb]lvP tfklg cltj[li6, cgfj[li6 nufotsf ljkbhGo 36gfdf j[l4 b]lvPsf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f x'g] jfo'd08nsf] tfkqmd j[l4n] lxd/]vf dfly–dfly ;g]{ qmd b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ lxpFsf] ¿kdf x'g] kfgLsf] e08f/0f Ifdtfdf sdL cfpg] cg'dfg ;xh} ug{ ;lsG5 . cfufdL jif{x¿df hg;+Vof j[l4;Fu} ufx{:Yo pkof]u / l;l~rt s[lifsf] nflu a9\bf] kfgLsf] dfu ;Daf]wg ug{'kg]{ r'gf}tL 5 . To;}u/L hn;|f]tdf x'g;Sg] k|b"if0f lgoGq0f u/L kfgLsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{'kg]{ yk r'gf}tL klg ;fy;fy} ;fdgf ug{'5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o lxt cg's"n tyf cGt/k':tf ;dGofosf] dfGotfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ b]zdf pknAw k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g u/L lbuf] 2 ¿kdf pkof]u ug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 . o;}u/L hn;|f]tsf] ax'pkof]uL ljsf; ug]{, gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] ljsf; ub}{ pmhf{sf] cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ug]{, hnpTkGg ljkb\ lgoGq0f / gbLsf] Joj:yfkg ub}{ lbuf] / e/kbf]{ l;FrfOsf] ljsf; ug]{ k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] 5 . ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf adf]lhd ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaf6 hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgnfO{ lbuf], pknlAwk"0f{ / k|efjsf/L agfpg h?/L 5 . oL tLgj6} txx¿ aLr cfk;L ;dGjosf] cfwf/df sfo{ If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 u/L hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; tyf o;af6 k|fKt x'g] k|ltkmnsf] ljt/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] nflu pko'Qm gLltut, sfg'gL tyf ;+:yfut Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . @= ljutsf k|of;x¿ ljutdf hn;|f]tsf] clwstd pkof]u, Joj:yfkg Pjd\ ;+/If0f j}1flgs 9+un] u/L b]znfO{ cfly{s ¿kn] ;DkGg agfpg] p2]Zon] ;g\ @))@ df hn;|f]t /0fgLlt / ;g\ @))% df /fli6«o hn of]hgf nfu" ul/Psf] lyof] . tyflk pQm /0fgLlt tyf of]hgf k|efjsf/L ¿kn] sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]g . hn;|f]t P]g, @)$(, hn;|f]t lgodfjnL, @)%), ljB't P]g,@)$(, ljB't lgodfjnL, @)%), vfg]kfgL lgodfjnL, @)%%, l;+rfO lgodfjnL, @)%^ tyf cGo If]qut P]g tyf lgodx¿ lgdf{0fsf ;fy} hnljB't ljsf; gLlt, @)%*, l;FrfO gLlt, @)&), vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO gLlt, @)&!, hn pTkGg ljkb\ Joj:yfkg gLlt, @)&@ h:tf gLltx¿ th{'df eO{ If]qut ¿kdf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf; tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|of;x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . plNnlvt gLltut Pjd\ sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 hn;|f]t cGtu{tsf If]qut ljifox¿df /fHon] w]/} pknlAwx¿ xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . kl/jlt{t ;Gbe{df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / lgodgsf] nflu dfu{bz{g ug]{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t gLltsf] vfFrf] dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 . #= jt{dfg cj:yfM g]kfnsf] ljB't ljsf;sf] ofqf lj=;+= !(^* df ;'? ePsf] ePtf klg cf=j= @)&^÷&& ;Dddf s'n ljB't h8fg Ifdtf !#(( d]ufjf6 k'u]sf] 5 h;sf] clwsf+z lx:;f hnljB'tn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . ljB't lu|8df hg;+Vofsf] kx'Fr () k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] k|ltJolQm ljB't vkt @^) lsnf]jf6 k|ltjif{ /x]sf] 5 . b]zsf] s'n @^ nfv $! xhf/ x]S6/ s[lifof]Uo hldgdWo] @@ nfv ̂ % xhf/ x]S6/ 3 l;+rfOof]Uo hldg /x]sf]df cf=j= @)&^÷&& sf] cGTo;Dddf !$ nfv *@ xhf/ x]S6/df l;+rfO ;'ljwfsf nflu k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf] 5 . l;+rfO ;]jfsf nflu k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qdWo] sl/a Ps ltxfO If]qdf dfq jif{}el/ l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . Jojl:yt vfg]kfgL k|0ffnLsf] z'?cft lj=;+= !(%! df jL/wf/faf6 ;'? eO{ xfn;Dd (! k|ltzt hg;+VofnfO{ cfwf/e"t :t/sf] vfg]kfgL ;]jfdf kx'Fr k'lu;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . g]kfnsf 7"nf gbLx¿df ;'ne / lskmfotL oftfoftsf] e/kbf]{ ljsNksf] ¿kdf cfGtl/s tyf ;d'b|;Dd kx'Frsf nflu hn oftfoft ljsf; Pjd\ hn dgf]/~hgsf] ;d]t ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . hn;|f]tsf] ;d'lrt ljsf; tyf pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf nfesf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0fsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] yk ;lqmotf ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ x'g h?/L 5 . hn;|f]t cGtu{t hnljB't, l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL h:tf ljleGg If]qut gLltx¿ Pjd\ hn;|f]t P]g tyf cGo If]qut P]g tyf lgodx¿ hf/L eO{ If]qut ¿kdf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf; tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|of;x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ klg hn;|f]tsf] ;dGjofTds ¿kdf k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg, pkof]u tyf ;+/If0fsf] cefj /x]sf] 5 . $= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿ g]kfn ckf/ hn;|f]tsf] e08f/ Pjd\ k|r'/ ;Defjgf ePsf] b]z ePtf klg hn;|f]tsf] j}1flgs Pjd\ Jojl:yt 9Ën] pkof]u / Joj:yfkg x'g g;Sbf o;af6 ck]lIft nfe lng ;lsPsf] 5}g . a9\bf] hg;+Vof, cJojl:yt zx/Ls/0f, ablnbf] hLjg z}nL, hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]uh:tf sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ g]kfnsf gbLgfnf, tfntn}of tyf l;d;f/b]lv ;du| hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+s'rg tyf cltqmd0fsf] qmd al9/x]sf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g, lxdIf]qsf] ;+s'rg, lxdtfnx¿sf] ljikmf]6g, cfsl:ds ¿kdf x'g] cltj[li6 / cgfj[li6 h:tf k|fs[lts ljkb\sf] sf/0f jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng / dflg;x¿sf] hLjgofkgdf ;d]t k|lts"n k|efjx¿ l;h{gf eO/x]sf 5g\ . kl/0ffd:j?k gbLgfnf tyf tfntn}ofx¿df pknAw x'g] kfgLsf] kl/df0f / u'0f:t/df xf; cfpg'sf ;fy} ltgLx¿sf] k|fs[lts :j¿k tyf cfs[lt -Morphology df ;d]t c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L sltko :yfgx¿df e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] cTolws bf]xgsf] sf/0f e"ldut hn;tx 36\g'sf ;fy} To;sf] u'0f:t/df qmlds ¿kn] x|f; cfO/x]sf] 5 . clxn] g]kfndf JolQm, Jofj;flos lgsfo tyf ;+3–;+:yfx¿af6 pknAw hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ug]{ qmd al9/x]sf] 5 . kfgLsf] pknAwtf / pkof]udf x'g] 4 ljifdtfsf sf/0f sltko ufpF, a:tL / zx/x¿df v8]/L / ;'Vvfsf] l:ylt 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefjsf] sf/0fn] ufpFa:tL g} a;fOF ;g{'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . To;}u/L af9L, klx/f], 8'afg, s6fg, v8]/L tyf ;'Vvf h:tf ljkb ] k|To]s jif{ hgwgsf] Iflt x'g] u/]sf] 5 . hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; tyf pkof]u / To;af6 cfly{s, ;fdflhs, k|fs[lts tyf hnLo h}ljs ljljwtf -Aquatic Biodiversity nufotsf kIfdf k/]sf] k|efjsf ljifodf PsLs[t tYofª\s tyf hfgsf/L /fVg] Joj:yfsf] cefj /x]sf] b]lvG5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL pknAw hn;|f]tsf] ;d'lrt, ax'cfoflds / ;dGjofTds pkof]u ;lxt hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg ug{', hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds c;/nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ pkfo ;dod} cjnDag u/L hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{', hn pTkGg ljkb\x¿af6 l;lh{t IfltnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{', hn;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg, ljsf; / pkof]u ;DaGwdf cGt/ lgsfo Pjd\ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLr ;dGjo ug{'sf ;fy} /fli6«o lxtnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fvL låkIfLo nfe x'g] u/L cGt/b]zLo gbLsf] Joj:yfkg tyf pkof]u ug{' hn;|f]t If]qsf k|d'v r'gf}tLx¿ x'g\ . %= gLltsf] cfjZostfM g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf ePcg'¿k k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g tyf ax'pkof]uL ljsf; / lbuf] ¿kdf pkof]u ug{sf lgldQ lbzflgb]{z ug{, hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf /x]sf at{dfg ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ tyf eljiodf pTkGg x'g;Sg] ;d:ofx¿nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ub}{ pknAw hn;|f]tsf] clwstd Pjd\ lbuf] pkof]u u/L b]znfO{ ;d[4 agfpg of] gLltsf] of]ubfg /xg] x'G5 . hn;|f]tsf] If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿aLr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{ tyf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd hn;|f]tnfO{ efjL k':tf;Ddsf] nflu ;'/lIft /fVg] ljifodf lbzflgb]{z ug{ of] gLlt cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . ^= bL3{sfnLg ;f]rM hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds, ;dGoflos Pjd\ lbuf] ljsf; tyf ax'pkof]uaf6 cfly{s ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f . 5 &= nIoM b]zdf pknAw hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / ax'pkof]uL ljsf; Pjd\ lbuf] ¿kdf pkof]u u/L cfly{s ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf nflu of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' . *= p2]Zox¿ ! /fli6«o hn pkof]usf] ax'cfoflds cfjZostfx¿sf] ;xh kl/k"lt{sf nflu ;d'lrt k|of]u ug]{ . @ hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds tyf ;dGoflos ljsf; / pkof]u u/L /fli6«o pTkfbg j[l4df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' . # hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg / lgodg ubf{ cWoog, cg';Gwfg, tYo Pjd\ k|df0fsf cfwf/df ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{' . $ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] ;dGjodf hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf; tyf pkof]u x'g] Joj:yf ug{' . % gful/ssf cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ hn;|f]thGo ;]jf ;'ljwf ;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] pknAw x'g]u/L hn;|f]t If]qsf] ljsf; ug{' . ^ cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efj Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' . & hnpTkGg ljkb\sf] Go"gLs/0f Pjd\ k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg u/L Iflt Go"gLs/0f ug{' . (= /0fgLltx¿M != gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo ! @= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf hn;|f]tsf] ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . -p2]Zo @ #= hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodgsf nflu plrt ;+:yfut Joj:yf ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo @ 6 $= hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;df lghL If]q tyf ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf clej[l4 ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo @ %= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf] lj:tf/ ul/g'sf ;fy} pknAw 1fg tyf tYofª\ssf] clen]vLs/0f, ljZn]if0f tyf k|of]u clej[l4 ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo # ^= hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yf tyf hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 . p2]Zo # &= ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf / bfloTj k|i6 u/L ;dGjofTds tj/n] hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo $ *= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿af6 k|efljt If]q tyf ;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff Pjd\ ;+/If0f ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo % (= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] ljsf; ubf{ ;Da4 If]qsf gful/ssf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos pmhf{, vfg]kfgL tyf l;+rfO ;'ljwf ;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] x'g]u/L ul/g]5 . p2]Zo % !)= ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts Pjd\ jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efj Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo ̂ !!= hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpFb} hnhGo ljkb\x¿sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Go"gLs/0f ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo & !)= gLlt tyf sfo{gLltx¿M /0fgLlt -! gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLltM != hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] k|fyldstfqmd k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd x'g]5 . @= hnjfo' kl/jt{g jf ljz]if kl/l:ylt k/L hn;|f]tsf] r/d cefjsf] l:yltdf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] k|fyldstfqmd x]/km]/ ug{ ;lsg]5 . 7 #= gbL a]l;gx¿df hnljB't, l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL, pBf]u, ko{6g, dT:okfng, hn oftfoft h:tf hn;|f]t pkof]usf nflu lgdf{0f eO;s]sf / eljiodf lgdf{0f x'g] of]hgfx¿ gbL a]l;g of]hgf tyf hn;|f]t;DaGwL If]qut u'?of]hgf cg';f/ ;DalGwt If]qsf lgsfox¿ dfkm{t lgdf{0f / Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . $= gbL a]l;gx¿sf] ;do k|efj d"Nof°g, /0fgLlts jftfj/0fLo d"Nof°g, cfof]hgfsf jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"Nof°g jf k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f h:tf cWoog / ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . %= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf hn;|f]tsf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0f, lgodg Pjd\ lgoGq0fsf] nflu gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgf tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 . ^= k|To]s gbL a]l;gx¿df hn;|f]tsf] kl/df0f tyf u'0f:t/sf] l:ylt hfgsf/L u/fpgsf] nflu hn cg'kfng k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 / ;f]sf] lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . &= gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfnfO{ x/]s bz jif{df cBfjlws ul/g]5 . *= hn;|f]tsf] Jojl:yt pkof]usf] nflu k|To]s gbLx¿df pknAw hn;|f]t pkof]usf] nut -water accounting system , hn afF8kmfF6 k|0ffnL water allocation system Pjd\ cg'kfng k|0ffnL -water auditing system sf] cjnDjg ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -@ hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf hn;|f]tsf] ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkgsf] cjwf/0ff cg'¿k ul/g]5 . @= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ubf{ vfg]kfgL, l;FrfO, ljB't, ko{6g, hn oftfoft, pBf]u, dT:okfng ;d]tsf ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . #= s[lifof]Uo e"lddf jif}{el/ l;rfO ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg], ;j{;'ne ¿kdf vfg]kfgL ;]jf pknAw x'g], jiff{ / ;'VvfofdaLrsf] hnljB't 8 pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] leGgtfnfO{ sd ug]{, af9L ljkb fO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{, cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg, dT:okfng, gf}sfljxf/ h:tf hnqmL8f nufotsf cGo k|of]hgsf nflu jif]{el/ kfgL pknAw u/fpg] ax'p2]ZoLo, hnfzoo'Qm tyf cGt/ hnfwf/ hn:yfgfGt/0f cfof]hgfx¿sf] ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] pknAwtf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ cGt/hnfwf/ hn :yfgfGt/0f of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /flvg]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]u, ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cg'dlt lng' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ^= ;Defjgf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ ;tx / e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] ;+of]hgfTds pkof]u -Conjunctive use sf nflu k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . &= b]zdf pknAw tftf]kfgLsf] d"nx¿sf] klxrfg u/L ;f]sf] ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]u ul/g]5 . *= gbLgfnfx¿df kfgLsf] dfqf oy]i6 / l:y/ /fVgsf nflu hnfzox¿sf] lgdf{0f u/L jiff{tsf] kfgLnfO{ ;~ro ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . (= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;d]t ;xsfo{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . !)= cGt/fli6«o :t/df ePsf hn;|f]t ;DaGwL ;lGw, ;Demf}tf, 3f]if0ff Pjd\ dxf;lGwx¿sf] /fli6«o lxt cg's"n x'g]u/L cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df g]kfn kIf /fi6« x'g ;Sg]5 . !!= b]zsf gbL tyf hnfzox¿nfO{ cfGtl/s hn oftfoftsf nflu klg pkof]u ug{sf nflu cfjZos cWoog u/fO{ ;DefJo 7fpFdf To;sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . !@= k|d'v gbLx¿af6 hn oftfoftsf] dfWodaf6 ;d'b|;Dd kx'Frsf] Joj:yf ug{ l5d]sL /fi6«;Fusf] ;xsfo{nfO{ tLj|tf lbOg]5 . k|d'v gbLx¿df klxrfg ePsf a[xt cfsf/sf ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgfx¿df hn oftfoftnfO{ cfof]hgfsf] Ps cjojsf] ?kdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 . 9 /0fgLlt -# hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodgsf nflu ;+:yfut Joj:yf ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]t If]qsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, tYofª\s ;ª\sng, ljZn]if0f, clen]vLs/0f, lgodg tyf ;+/If0fsf] nflu hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]u /xg]5 / To;sf] dftxtdf cfjZostf cg'¿k cGo sfof{nox¿sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . @= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f ug{sf nflu ;+3df ljifout lgsfox¿ tyf ltgsf dftxtdf cfjZostf cg'¿k cGo sfof{nox¿ /xg ;Sg]5g\ . #= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf :yfgLo txdf cfjZostf cg';f/ lgsfox¿ :yfkgf ul/g] 5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]u u/] afkt pkof]ustf{n] ltg{'kg]{ z'NsnfO{ sfg"gdfkm{t Jojl:yt ul/g]5 . %= cGt/f{li6«o tyf ;Ldf gbLx¿sf] pkof]u Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f tyf ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu ;+:yfut ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ^= ;Ldf gbLx¿sf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f Gofof]lrt ljt/0fsf] l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df /fli6«o lxtnfO{ k|fyfldstfdf /fvL cfk;L ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ tyf ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -$ hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;df lghL If]q tyf ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf clej[l4 ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfg, pkof]u Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{x¿df ;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L, lghL, pkef]Qmf :yfgLo ;d'bfo lj1 ;d"x Pjd\ JolQmx¿nfO{ ;xefuL u/fOg]5 . 10 @= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;/sf/L, lghL / :yfgLo ;d'bfox¿n] ug]{ sfo{x¿ Pjd\ ;fem]bf/Ldf ul/g] sfo{nfO{ sfg"gL Joj:yf u/L lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . #= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf lghL ;xeflutf Pjd\ ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L Joj:yfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . $= lghL If]qaf6 cWoog, ljsf; Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ul/Psf cfof]hgfx¿df pkof]u eO/x]sf] kfgLsf] ljj/0f Pj+ tYofª\s tf]lsPsf] u'0f:t/df ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfodf pknAw u/fpg lhDd]jf/ agfOg]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;xefuL ePsf JolQm tyf lgsfox¿ tyf tL dfkm{t ;+rflnt sfo{x¿sf] lgoldt cg'udg Pjd\ lgodg ul/g]5 . ^= hn;|f]t If]qdf lghL If]q ;d]tsf] nufgL cfslif{t ug{ cfjZos gLltut ;'wf/ ul/g] 5 . &= hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf cfk;L ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . *= gbL lgoGq0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkgaf6 psf; ePsf hldgsf] pkof]u nfe nfutsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -% hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf] lj:tf/ ul/g'sf ;fy} pknAw 1fg tyf tYofª\ssf] clen]vLs/0f, ljZn]if0f tyf k|of]u clej[l4 ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . @= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;+/If0f ug]{ JolQm tyf lgsfox¿n] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 cfjZos ;xdlt jf cg'dlt lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . #= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ cWoog, cg';Gwfg, pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{x¿sf] PsLs[t ¿kdf tYofª\s Pjd\ ljj/0fx¿sf] ;+sng / clen]vLs/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ul/g]5 . 11 $= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf /x]sf] hn;|f]tsf] pknAwtf, kl/df0f, u'0f:t/, ljBdfg pkof]u, efjL cfjZostf / cfk"lt{ l:ylt;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf tYofª\s tof/ u/L cBfjlws ul/g]5 . %= k|To]s gbL a]l;gsf] hn;|f]tdf e}/x]sf] bf]xg tyf k|b"if0f / vf]nfgfnf tyf tfntn}ofx¿sf] cfs[ltdf kl//x]sf] c;/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf tYofª\s tof/ u/L cBfjlws ul/g]5 . ^= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf /x]sf] hnr/, jg:klt tyf hn;|f]tdf cfl>t aGohGt'x¿sf] cfjZos ljj/0f tyf tYofª\s /flvg]5 . &= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f / lgodg;DaGwL cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgsf nflu pknAw Ifdtf, gjLgtd k|ljlw tyf df]8]nx¿sf] ljsf; tyf k|of]u ul/g]5 . *= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f tyf tYofª\snfO{ ljB'tLo k|0ffnLdf clen]vLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . (= z}lIfs ;+:yf, cw{;/sf/L tyf u}x|;/sf/L nufot lghL If]qsf lgsfox¿n] hn;|f]t If]qdf u/]sf cWoog cg';Gwfgx¿sf] tYofª\s ;ª\sng Pjd\ u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f u/L ltgsf] PsLs[t ¿kdf clen]v /fVg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . !)= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf lgisif{x¿nfO{ k|;f/– k|rf/ tyf k|sfzg ul/g]5 . !!= hn;|f]t ;DaGwL cfof]hgfx¿sf] cWoogsf] qmddf hn;|f]t ;DaGwL h}ljs ljljwtfsf] kIfnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/g]5 . !@= hn;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg, lgodg / ;+/If0fsf] If]qdf pTs[i6 sfd ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ plrt k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 . !#= hn;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / ;+/If0f If]qdf ;xefuL x'g] JolQm jf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ hn;|f]t;DaGwL lgsfox¿af6 sfddf bf]xf]/f]kg gx'g] u/L ;xdlt jf cg'dlt lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . 12 /0fgLlt -^ hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yf tyf hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm Pjd\ ;+3–;+:yfx¿sf] 1fg, ;Lk, Ifdtf / lj1tfnfO{ yk ;'b[9Ls/0f ub}{ nlug]5 . @= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf / dxTj ;DaGwdf ljleGg dfWodx¿ k|of]u u/L Jofks 1fg ;Dk|]if0f ug{'sf ;fy} hgr]tgfsf] clej[l4 ul/g]5 . #= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf, dxTj, pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf lgodgsf] af/]df tflnd, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, cGt/lqmof, h:tf sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t :yfgLo ;d'bfo, /fhgLltsdL{, gful/s ;dfh, of]hgfsf/ / lg0f{ostf{ aLr Jofks hgr]tgfsf] clej[l4 u/fOg]5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf, dxTj, pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf lgodgsf] af/]df ljBfno txb]lv ljZjljBfno tx;Ddsf z}lIfs kf7\oqmdx¿df ;dfj]z u/L cWoog cWofkg u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0fsf nflu cfjZos k|of]uzfnfx¿sf] :yfkgf ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -& ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf / bfloTj k|i6 u/L ;dGjofTds tj/n] hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLrdf gLltut tyf sfo{ut ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;xhLs/0f ug{ cfjZos ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . @= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg, lgodg / ;+/If0f ug{sf] nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLr bfloTj tyf sfo{If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 sfg"gdfkm{t k|i6 ul/g]5 . 13 #, hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfo tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ tyf sfo{If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 ul/g]5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]uaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgLnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ;DalGwt ;d'bfo tyf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf afF8kmfF6 Pjd\ ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -* hn;|f]tsf] cfof]hgfx¿af6 k|efljt If]q tyf ;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff Pjd\ ;+/If0f ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿n] cf]u6]sf] :yfg, If]q / ;+/rgfx¿sf] e/kbf]{ ;'/Iff Pjd\ ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . @= hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cfof]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fsf] sf/0fn] k|efljt dfgj ;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff / ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . #= ;8s, l;+rfO, ;x/L ljsf;, pBf]u, Jofj;flos ejg h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ hn;|f]t;DaGwL ljBdfg, lgdf{0ffwLg tyf u'?of]hgf adf]lhd lgdf{0f x'g] cfof]hgfsf ;+/rgfx¿, cfof]hgf:yn tyf If]qx¿df k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L ul/g]5 . $= hn;|f]t ;DaGwL ljBdfg, lgdf{0ffwLg tyf eljiodf lgdf{0f x'g] cfof]hgfsf ;+/rgfx¿, cfof]hgf:yn tyf If]qx¿sf] 8«OË l8hfOg, gfk gS;fx¿ / ef}lts ;DklQ;DaGwL ljj/0fx¿ cBfjlws u/L ;'/lIft ¿kn] /flvg]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf clt dxTjk"0f{ Pjd\ ;+j]bgzLn If]qx¿nfO{ hn;|f]t ;+/lIft If]q 3f]if0ff ul/g]5 . ^= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] lj:t[t cfof]hgf k|ltj]bg tof/ ubf{ g} cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt x'g] ;d'bfox¿sf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ;fF:s[lts kIfdf kg]{ c;/x¿sf] cWoog ljZn]if0f ul/g]5 . &= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt e} k"0f{¿kdf lj:yflkt x'g] JolQm tyf ;d"xnfO{ adf]lhd plrt k'gaf{; tyf k'g+:{yfkgf ul/g]5 . k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd plrt kga{f; tyf k'g:{yfkgf ul/g]5 . 14 *= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ k'gaf{; tyf k'g:{yfkgf ubf{ oyfzSo lghx¿n] ckgfO/x]sf] ;fljs adf]lhds} k]zf / Joj;fosf] lg/Gt/tf x'g] u/L Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . (, cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ Ifdtf cg';f/sf] ;Dej eP;Dd cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt x'g] /f]huf/L Pjd\ z]o/sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . !)= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ hLljsf]kfh{g / cfocfh{g ug{sf] nflu pko'Qm Jofj;flos Pjd\ ;Lkd"ns tflndx¿ k|bfg ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -( hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] ljsf; ubf{ ;Da4 If]qsf gful/ssf cfwf/– e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos pmhf{, vfg]kfgL tyf l;+rfO ;'ljwf ;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] x'g]u/L ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hn;|f]tsf] pkof]usf] nflu lgdf{0f x'g] of]hgfx¿ th{'df ubf{ hn;|f]t u'?of]hgfaf6 cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn] clwstd nfe tyf kmfObf k|fKt x'g] of]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . @= /fli6«o lxtnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fvL /fli6«o k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f ul/g]5 . #= hn;|f]tsf] cefj ePsf ;'Vvf 6f/ tyf If]qx¿df kfgLsf] cfk"lt{sf] nflu jiff{tsf] kfgL ;+sng -kf]v/L, 6\of+sL, 3}6f cflb sf ;fy} kfgL lnlˆ6ª h:tf gjLgtd\ k|ljlwsf] k|of]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ df}h'bf k|ljlw tyf oGqx¿sf] Ifdtfdf yk j[l4 tyf :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkgsf] lgldQ lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿sf] nflu pko'Qm l8hfOg tyf dfkb08x¿ tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 . 15 ^= lkpg] kfgL, 3/fo;L k|of]u, dT:okfng, l;FrfO, kz'kG5L, ljB't, pBf]u, ko{6g h:tf If]qdf pkof]u ul/g] kfgLsf] u'0f:t/sf] dfkb08 tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -!) ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts Pjd\ jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{ ;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efj Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg] c;/ Pjd\ k|efjx¿;Fu cg's"ng x'g] k|s[ltsf] of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ul/g]5 . @= hn;|f]tdf cfl>t hnr/, jg:klt Pjd\ jGohGt'x¿sf] klxrfg u/L ltgLx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu cfjZos kfgLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . #= hn;|f]tsf] k|b"if0f ug]{ k|b"ifsn] cfjZos Ifltk"lt{ ltg{'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . $= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿ ;'/lIft, lbuf], u'0f:t/Lo Pjd\ jftfj/0fd}qL agfOg]5 . %= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ubf{ gbLgfnfx¿df Go"gtd dfqfdf 5f]8\g'kg]{ kfgLsf] kl/df0f tyf kfgLsf] Go"gtd u'0f:t/sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos dfkb08 tof/ ul/g]5 . ^, hn;|f]tsf] ljsf;, Joj:yfkg Pjd\ ;~rfng ubf{ dflyNnf] tyf tNnf] t6Lo If]qdf kg{ ;Sg] hf]lvd tyf c;/sf] d"Nof°g u/L plrt Joj:yfkgsf pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/g]5 . &= jftfj/0fdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L gbLgfnf, tfn tn}ofdf ePsf 9'Ëf, df6f], lu§L, afn'jf h:tf gbLhGo kbfy{x¿sf] plrt pkof]u, Joj:yfkg, lgoGq0f / lgodg ul/g]5 . *, dfgjLo cltqmd0faf6 gbLgfnf tyf tfntn}ofsf] :j¿k÷cfs[lt laufg]{ jf gi6 ug]{u/L ul/g] sfo{nfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 . (= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] k'ge{/0f x'g] :yfgx¿sf] klxrfg u/L To:tf If]qx¿df ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f, a:tL ljsf; tyf xflgsf/s kbfy{x¿sf] k|of]unfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 . 16 !)= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] cTolws bf]xgnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos dfkb08 agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 . !!= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] ;txnfO{ 36\g glbgsf nflu k'ge{/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 . !@= gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of h:tf hn;|f]tnfO{ k|b"lift agfpg] u/L kmf]x/d}nf kmfNg tyf 9n ld;fpg] h:tf sfo{x¿nfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 . !#= pBf]uwGbf tyf zx/x¿af6 lgisf;g ul/g] k|b"lift kfgLnfO{ k|zf]wg u/]/ dfq gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of h:tf hn;|f]tx¿df ld;fOg]5 / ;f]sf nflu k|zf]lwt kfgLsf] u'0f:t/sf] cfjZos dfkb08 agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 . !$= k|zf]lwt kfgLnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/k|of]u ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 . !%, hnLo h}ljs ljljwtf tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf] b[li6sf]0fn] j}slNks pmhf{sf] pTkfbg Pjd\ k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 . /0fgLlt -!! hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpFb} hnhGo ljkb\sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Go"gLs/0f ul/g]5 . gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt != hnhGo ljkb\x¿sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Go"gLs/0fsf nflu PsLs[t hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . @= k|To]s gbL a]l;g :t/sf] af9L, 8'afg, s6fg ;DaGwL gS;f / e"–Ifo tyf klx/f] hf]lvd gS;f tof/ ul/g]5 / ;f] gS;fsf] cfwf/df hnhGo ljkbx¿sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkgsf of]hgfx¿ nfu" ul/g]5 . #= af9L, klx/f], 8'afg, s6fg, e"–Ifo tyf klx/f] h:tf hf]lvdk"0f{ :yfgx¿df ePsf ufpFj:tL tyf ;d'bfox¿nfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf ;fg{sf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿sf] ;dGjodf To:tf :yfgx¿sf] klxrfg tyf 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . 17 $= af9L, klx/f], 8'jfg, s6fg h:tf hnhGo ljkb\x?sf] k|efjsf/L lgoGq0f Pj+ Go"gLs/0f ug{sf nflu gbLgfnfx¿df afFw, t6aGw nufot hnfzox¿sf] lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . ;fy} cfjZostf cg'¿k cGt/ hnfwf/ :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ sfo{sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . %= e"–Ifo tyf klx/f] h:tf hnhGo ljkb\ lgoGq0f Pj+ Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu gjLgtd Pj+ k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwx?sf] pkof]u ul/g]5 . ^= cltj[li6, cgfj[li6, ;'Vvf, v8]/L, lxdtfn lj:kmf]6g, gbLgfnf y'lgP/ PSsf;L km'6\g] h:tf ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf cfOkg]{ hf]lvdx¿sf] k|efjaf6 ;'/lIft x'g] pko'Qm pkfo tyf k|ljlwx¿sf] cjnDag ul/g]5 . &= hf]lvdo'Qm cj:yfdf /x]sf lxdgbL tyf lxdtfnx¿sf] l:yltx¿sf] cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg u/L ;f]sf] tYofª\s Pj+ ljj/0fx¿nfO{ cwfjlws ul//fVg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . *= hnhGo ljkb\;DaGwL cfktsfnLg cj:yfnfO{ Wofg lbO{ clt cfjZos tf/, 9'Ëf, afF;, 6]6«fkf]8, k/s'kfOg, Ans, hfnL, af]/f, afn'jf h:tf ;fdfu|Lx¿nfO{ k"j{ tof/L cj:yfdf /fVg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . (= hnjfo';DaGwL tYofª\snfO{ cBfjlws u/L /flvg]5 . ;fy} e/kbf{] tYof°sf nflu gbL a]l;g If]qx¿df cfjZostf cg';f/ hndfkg / df};d dfkg;DaGwL s]Gb|x¿sf] :yfkgf tyf pks/0fx¿ h8fg ul/g]5 . !), hn tyf df};d;DaGwL k"jf{g'dfgnfO{ e/kbf{] / ljZjf;of]Uo agfpg k|efjsf/L k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . !!= hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg] c;/ Pjd\ k|efjx¿;Fu cg's"ng ug{sf nflu jiff{tsf] kfgL ;ª\sng, ;–;fgf kf]v/L lgdf{0f, yf]kf tyf kmf]x/f l;+rfO, lnlˆ6Ë k|ljlw, kfOk k|ljlw, 6g]n v]tL, s[lqd jiff{t\ tyf er{'cn jf6/ k|of]u h:tf k/Dk/fut Pj+ gjLgtd k|ljlwx¿sf] cjnDag ul/g]5 . 18 !@= k|To]s gbLgfnfx¿df af9L tyf 8'afg If]qsf] klxrfg ul/g]5 / To:tf hf]lvd If]qx¿df a:tL ljsf; tyf lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ /f]s nufOg]5 . !#= cfktsfnLg ¿kdf tTsfn ug{'kg]{ hnpTkGg ljkb\sf] lgoGq0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf j[l4 ul/g]5 . !$= ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fusf] ;dGjodf r'/] kxf8df x'g] 9'Ëf lu§L afn'jfsf] cJojl:yt pTvggnfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 . !%= hnfwf/ If]qx¿df lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿ jftfj/0fd}qL agfOg]5 . !^= hnfwf/ If]qdf ePsf jg hËnx¿sf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 / jg hËn gePsf vfnL hldgx¿df j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g]5 . !&, hnfwf/ If]qdf ePsf gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of, 9'Ë]wf/f h:tf kfgLsf ;|f]tx¿sf] klxrfg u/L ;+/If0f ul/g]5 . !!= ;+:yfut Joj:yfM hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf plrt ;+:yfut k|aGw ul/g]5 . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;+3Lo txdf dGqfno, ljefu, cfof]u, k|flws/0f, cfof]hgf / ;ldlt /xg] 5g\ . k|b]z:t/df dGqfno, lgb]{zgfno tyf ljifout sfof{nox¿ / :yfgLo txdf ;DalGwt sfof{nox¿sf] Ifdtf ljsf; u/L kl/rfng ul/g]5 . !@= sfg"gL Joj:yfM o; hn;|f]t gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sfg"gx¿ th{'df tyf kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 . !#= cg'udg tyf d"Nof°gM o; hn;|f]t gLltsf k|fjwfgx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof°g ljleGg txaf6 x'g]5 . o;sf] cg'udg ;du| ¿kdf pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno Pjd\ hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]uaf6 ul/g]5 . o;sf cltl/Qm k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] 19 ;d]t cfk\mgf] If]qleq gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug]{5g\ . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt / o;sf] ;fGble{stf, k|efjsfl/tf tyf ;+efJo k|efjsf] d"NofÍg /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udfkm{t ;f]em} jf t];|f] kIfsf] ;+nUgtfdf u/fOg]5 . !$= If]qut gLlt tyf gLltsf] kl/dfh{gM o; hn;|f]t gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos If]qut gLltx¿ ;d]t th{'df ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt cg's"n gePsf cGo gLltx¿ o; gLlt cg'¿k x'g]u/L kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 . !%= hf]lvd tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M c= hf]lvdx¿ s ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf ljleGg lgsfox¿aLrsf] ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{df dfq gLltn] /fv]sf p2]Zox¿ xfl;n x'g] ePsfn] o:tf] sfo{k4lt ckgfO{ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng ug{' . v hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds lx;fan] PsLs[t ¿kdf ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug{ 7"nf] ;fwgsf] cfjZos kg]{ / o;sf nflu kof{Kt ;fj{hlgs jh]6 ljlgof]hg / ljb]zL ;xof]u tyf nufgL ;d]t kl/rfng ug{' . u hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u;DaGwL If]qut sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfno tyf lgsfodf cfjZos kg]{ ;+:yfut Ifdtf / hgzlQm ljsf; tyf pgLx¿sf] ;]jf lg/Gt/tf . cf= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M s ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf ljleGg lgsfox¿aLrsf] ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ tyf ;xhLs/0fsf nflu ;Ifd ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ul/g'sf ;fy} hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg, lgodg / ;+/If0fsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLr lhDd]jf/L tyf sfo{If]q lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . 20 v hn;|f]tsf] PsLs[t ¿kdf ljsf; / ;+/If0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]t ;fwg tyf nufgL ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] k|fyldstf x'g]5 . ;fy} ;DefJo j}b]lzs ;|f]tsf] ;d]t clwstd kl/rfng ul/g]5 . u hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u ;DaGwL If]qut sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfodf cfjZos kg]{ ;+:yfut Ifdtf ;'b[9 ug{'sf ;fy} hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 . hn;|f]t If]qdf ePsf cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf o; If]qsf lj1x¿sf] ljj/0f cWofjlws u/L o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u lnOg]5 .