National Policy on Climate Change

2 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 3 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change OBJEKTIF Objektif Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara adalah untuk: • Mengarusperdanakan perubahan iklim melalui pengurusan sumber yang bijaksana dan pemuliharaan alam sekitar yang dipertingkatkan untuk memperkukuhkan daya saing ekonomi dan kualiti hidup; • Mengintegrasikan respons bagi memperkuatkan daya tahan pembangunan terhadap perubahan iklim yang semasa dan yang dijangka ke dalam dasar nasional, pelan dan program negara; dan •Mengukuhkan keupayaan institusi dan pelaksanaan untuk memanfaatkan peluang baru dalam mengurangkan impak negatif perubahan iklim. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the National Policy on Climate Change are: • Mainstreaming climate change through wise management of resources and enhanced environmental conservation resulting in strengthened economic competitiveness and improved quality of life; • Integration of responses into national policies, plans and programmes to strengthen the resilience of development from arising and potential impacts of climate change; and • Strengthening of institutional and implementation capacity to better harness opportunities to reduce negative impacts of climate change.

4 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 3 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | RASIONAL RATIONALE Perubahan iklim dan cuaca keterlaluan telah Climate change and extreme weather have intensified mengakitbatkan bencana alam, antaranya kenaikan the occurrence of natural disasters, amongst others paras laut, banjir, tanah runtuh, hakisan pantai dan sea-level rise, floods, landslides, coastal and land tanah, kemarau, kebakaran hutan dan jerebu, di erosion, drought, forest fires and haze, which have samping memberi kesan ke atas keselamatan dan impacted human safety and health, threatened the kesihatan manusia, menggugat ekonomi negara, fabric of the nation’s economy and caused changes to dan juga menyebabkan perubahan kepada alam semulajadi dan landskap binaan. Tambahan lagi, natural and built landscapes. In addition, disruption gangguan terhadap ekosistem akan mengancam of ecosystems undermines water and food security. jaminan sumber air dan makanan. Kebergantungan Continued dependence on conventional energy ke atas sumber-sumber tenaga konvensional telah sources has contributed to greenhouse gas emissions menyumbang kepada pelepasan gas rumah kaca and made the country even more vulnerable to dan menjadikan negara lebih terdedah kepada climate change and global economic fluctuations. pergolakan ekonomi di peringkat global. Daya saing Economic competitiveness requires efficient energy ekonomi bergantung kepada pengeluaran dan production and consumption. penggunaan tenaga yang cekap. Tindakan-tindakan strategik adalah diperlukan untuk Strategic responses are necessary to strengthen the mengukuhkan daya tahan negara terhadap impak nation’s resilience to the impacts of climate change. perubahan iklim. Ini termasuk: These include: • mengarusperdanakan perubahan iklim; • mainstreaming climate change; • mengintegrasikan respons adaptasi dan • integration of balanced adaptation and mitigasi secara seimbang; dan mitigation responses; and • meningkatkan keupayaan institusi dan • enhancement of institutional and pelaksanaan melalui penyelarasan implementation capacity through coherent tindakan-tindakan dasar yang bersepadu. coordination of policy responses. Keutamaan hendaklah diberi kepada keupayaan untuk menyesuaikan negara terhadap impak The capacity of the nation to adapt to actual or perubahan iklim sebenar dan yang dijangka. Langkah expected impacts of climate change must be given mitigasi harus diterajui bagi mempertingkatkan priority. Mitigation responses should also enhance pencapaian adaptasi dan pembangunan lestari. adaptation and sustainable development. Climate Impak perubahan iklim merentasi semua peringkat, change impacts transcend all levels, sectors, sektor, pihak dan kumpulan berkepentingan dan stakeholders and major groups, necessitating menuntut langkah-langkah yang menyeluruh dan concerted and holistic responses. Institutional bersepadu. Keupayaan institusi dalam pelaksanaan boleh dipertingkatkan secara berkesan dengan capacity for implementation can only be made penyertaan secara berkerjasama berasaskan ilmu effective through collaborative participation, based sains dan pengetahuan tempatan. on indigenous and scientific knowledge. Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara ini membantu The National Policy on Climate Change helps untuk memastikan pembangunan yang berdaya to ensure climate-resilient development to fulfil tahan terhadap perubahan iklim bagi memenuhi national aspirations for sustainable development. aspirasi negara untuk mencapai pembangunan Five principles underpin the ten strategic thrusts lestari. Dasar ini terdiri daripada lima prinsip, to set the national direction in responding to the yang diperkukuhkan lagi dengan sepuluh teras strategik, bagi menentukan hala tuju negara dalam challenges of climate change. menangani cabaran perubahan iklim.

4 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 5 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change PRINSIP PRINCIPLES Menyedari hakikat kesan dan impak negatif Malaysia recognises the adverse effects and impacts perubahan iklim, Malaysia mengambil tindakan of climate change and undertakes to mainstream untuk mengarusperdanakan respons nasional bagi national responses that consolidate economic, social memantapkan matlamat pembangunan ekonomi, and environmental development goals based on the sosial dan alam sekitar berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip following principles: berikut: P1: Pembangunan Secara Lestari P1: Development on a Sustainable Path Mengintegrasikan respons perubahan iklim ke Integrate climate change responses into national dalam pelan rancangan negara bagi memenuhi development plans to fulfil the country’s aspiration for aspirasi ke arah mencapai pembangunan lestari. sustainable development. P2: Pemuliharaan Alam Sekitar dan Sumber P2: Conservation of Environment and Natural Asli Resources Memperkukuhkan pelaksanaan pelbagai tindakan Strengthen implementation of climate change perubahan iklim yang menyumbang kepada actions that contribute to environmental pemuliharaan alam sekitar dan penggunaan sumber conservation and sustainable use of natural asli secara lestari. resources. P3: Pelaksanaan Secara Bersepadu P3: Coordinated Implementation Mengambil kira isu perubahan iklim ke dalam Incorporate climate change considerations into pelaksanaan program pembangunan di semua implementation of development programmes at all peringkat. levels. P4: Penglibatan Yang Berkesan P4: Effective Participation Meningkatkan penglibatan semua pihak Improve participation of stakeholders and major berkepentingan dan kumpulan utama bagi groups for effective implementation of climate pelaksanaan tindakan-tindakan mengenai change responses. perubahan iklim secara berkesan. P5: Common but Differentiated P5: Tanggungjawab Sama Beban Berbeza dan Responsibilities and Respective Keupayaan Tersendiri Capabilities Penglibatan negara dalam isu perubahan iklim di International involvement on climate change will be peringkat antarabangsa adalah berdasarkan kepada based on the principle of common but differentiated prinsip tanggungjawab sama beban berbeza dan responsibilities and respective capabilities. keupayaan tersendiri.

6 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 5 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TERAS STRATEGIK STRATEGIC THRUSTS Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara akan dijadikan The National Policy on Climate Change will facilitate panduan dalam mengintegrasikan isu perubahan the integration of climate change considerations iklim dalam perancangan dan pelaksanaan program into planning and implementation of development pembangunan dan proses membuat keputusan; programmes and decision-making processes; to foster menggalakkan pertumbuhan ekonomi secara lestari sustainable economic and human development; as dan pembangunan insan; serta pemuliharaan alam well as environmental conservation. It complements sekitar. Dasar ini melengkapi dasar yang sedia ada existing policies and takes cognisance of international dan mengambil kira prinsip-prinsip konvensyen conventions on global concerns. National responses antarabangsa di peringkat global. Tindakan kerajaan on climate change in all sectors will be directed mengenai perubahan iklim dalam semua sektor towards the following strategic thrusts. adalah berdasarkan kepada teras strategik seperti berikut: ST1-P1: Menyelaras pengharmonian dasar-dasar ST1-P1: Facilitate the harmonisation of existing yang sedia ada melalui pendekatan adaptasi dan policies to address climate change adaptation and mitigasi perubahan iklim secara seimbang. mitigation in a balanced manner. ST2-P1: Merangka pembangunan yang berdaya ST2-P1: Institute measures to make development tahan perubahan iklim melalui ekonomi rendah climate-resilient through low carbon economy karbon bagi meningkatkan daya saing global dan to enhance global competitiveness and attain mencapai pertumbuhan sosioekonomi yang lestari. environmentally sustainable socio-economic growth. ST3-P1: Menyokong pembangunan dan pelaburan ST3-P1: Support climate-resilient development and termasuk pembangunan industri yang berdaya tahan investment including industrial development in perubahan iklim dalam mencapai pertumbuhan pursuit of sustainable socio-economic growth. sosioekonomi yang lestari. ST4-P2: Adopt balanced adaptation and mitigation ST4-P2: Menerap langkah-langkah adaptasi dan measures to strengthen environmental conservation mitigasi secara seimbang untuk mengukuhkan and promote sustainability of natural resources. pemuliharaan alam sekitar dan menggalakkan kelestarian sumber asli. ST5-P2: Consolidate the energy policy incorporating management practices that enhances renewable ST5-P2: Memantapkan dasar tenaga dengan energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE). mengambil kira amalan pengurusan yang meningkatkan tenaga diperbaharui (RE) dan ST6-P3: Institutionalise measures to integrate cross- kecekapan tenaga (EE). cutting issues in policies, plans, programmes and projects in order to increase resilience to climate ST6-P3: Menginstitusikan langkah-langkah untuk change. mengintegrasikan isu rentas sektor ke dalam dasar, rancangan, program dan projek bagi meningkatkan daya tahan terhadap perubahan iklim.

6 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 7 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change ST7-P3: Menyokong proses membuat keputusan ST7-P3: Support knowledge-based decision berasaskan pengetahuan melalui penyelidikan dan making through intensive climate related research pembangunan mengenai iklim secara intensif dan and development and capacity building of human pembinaan keupayaan sumber manusia. resources. ST8-P4: Meningkatkan kerjasama melalui komunikasi ST8-P4: Improve collaboration through efficient dan penyelarasan yang cekap di kalangan pihak communication and coordination among all berkepentingan untuk melaksanakan respons stakeholders for effective implementation of climate perubahan iklim yang berkesan. change responses. ST9-P4: Meningkatkan kesedaran dan penglibatan ST9-P4: Increase awareness and community orang awam untuk menggalakkan respons participation to promote behavioural responses to perubahan iklim. climate change. ST10-P5: Mengukuhkan penglibatan dalam ST10-P5: Strengthen involvement in international program perubahan iklim di peringkat antarabangsa programmes on climate change based on the berdasarkan prinsip tanggungjawab sama beban principle of common but differentiated responsibilities berbeza dan keupayaan tersendiri. and respective capabilities.

8 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 7 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA1 - ST1 KA1 - ST1 Menjalankan semakan secara sistematik dan Conduct systematic reviews and harmonise existing mengharmonikan perundangan, dasar dan legislation, policies and plans, taking into account perancangan yang sedia ada, dengan mengambil and proposing relevant balanced adaptation and kira dan mencadangkan langkah-langkah adaptasi mitigation measures, to address the following: dan mitigasi secara seimbang untuk sektor yang berikut: • Agriculture and food security; • Natural resources and environment (water, • Pertanian dan jaminan makanan; biodiversity, forestry, minerals, soil, coastal • Sumber asli dan alam sekitar (air, and marine and air); biodiversiti, hutan, mineral, tanah, pantai • Energy security; dan marin serta udara); • Industries; • Jaminan tenaga; • Public health; • Perindustrian; • Tourism; • Kesihatan awam; • Transportation; • Pelancongan; • Infrastructure; • Pengangkutan; • Land use and land use change (include land • Infrastruktur; reclamation); • Gunatanah dan perubahan gunatanah • Human settlements and livelihood; (termasuk tebus gunatanah); • Waste management; and • Penempatan manusia dan kehidupan; • Disaster risk reduction. • Pengurusan sisa; dan • Pengurangan risiko bencana. KA2 - ST1 Incorporate climate change as a priority area in the KA2 - ST1 National Development Planning Council. Mengambil kira perubahan iklim sebagai keutamaan dalam Majlis Perancangan KA3 - ST1 Pembangunan Nasional. Establish an inter-ministerial and cross-sectoral committee to enable the implementation of climate KA3 - ST1 change measures. Menubuhkan satu jawatankuasa antara kementerian yang merentas sektor bagi mengambil tindakan terhadap perubahan iklim.

8 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 9 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA4 - ST2 KA4 - ST2 Mengenalpasti dan membuat syor ke arah Identify and recommend options towards low carbon ekonomi rendah karbon untuk sektor yang economy for the following sectors: berikut: • Energy security; • Jaminan tenaga; • Industries; • Perindustrian; • Transportation; • Pengangkutan; • Public infrastructure; • Infrustruktur awam; • Waste management; • Pengurusan sisa; • Human settlements; • Penempatan manusia; • Forestry; and • Perhutanan; dan • Agriculture. • Pertanian. KA5 - ST2 KA5 - ST2 Incorporate and facilitate implementation of climate- Mengambil kira dan menyelaraskan pelaksanaan friendly measures and technologies by strengthening langkah-langkah dan teknologi mesra iklim the following: dengan mengukuhkan perkara berikut: • Laws and regulations and Enforcement; • Perundangan, peraturan dan • Human resource development; Penguatkuasaan; • Finance and incentives; • Pembangunan sumber manusia; • Research and development; • Kewangan dan insentif; • Transfer of technology; and • Penyelidikan dan pembangunan; • Outreach to relevant stakeholders. • Pemindahan teknologi; dan • Penglibatan semua pihak berkepentingan KA6 - ST2 yang berkenaan. Allocate adequate financing and appropriate technological measures for promoting low carbon KA6 - ST2 economy through the following: Menggalakkan ekonomi rendah karbon dengan • Market mechanisms; memperuntukkan kewangan yang mencukupi • Financial and fiscal incentives and dan teknologi yang bersesuaian melalui saluran disincentives; berikut : • Mobilising public-private partnerships; and • Mekanisme pasaran; • Involvement of financial and insurance • Kewangan dan insentif fiskal dan sectors. disinsentif; • Perkongsian bijak sektor awam dan KA7 - ST2 swasta; dan Integrate balanced adaptation and mitigation • Penglibatan sektor kewangan dan measures into development plans. insurans. KA8 - ST2 KA7 - ST2 Establish criteria and indices for environmentally Menyepadukan langkah-langkah adaptasi dan sustainable socio-economic growth. mitigasi yang seimbang ke dalam rancangan pembangunan.

10 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 9 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA8 - ST2 KA9 - ST3 Mewujudkan kriteria dan indeks untuk pertumbuhan Strengthen investment evaluation mechanisms to sosioekonomi yang lestari. capitalise and ensure a climate-resilient industry in achieving sustainable development. KA9 - ST3 Mengukuhkan mekanisme penilaian pelaburan KA10 - ST3 bagi memastikan industri berdaya tahan Establish a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting perubahan iklim ke arah mencapai pembangunan framework for industries with linkage to the Statistics lestari. Department to ensure a sustainable and quality assured reporting process. KA10 - ST3 Menggubal rangka pelaporan pelepasan KA11 - ST3 gas rumah kaca daripada sektor industri dan Institutionalise a mechanism, which includes the dihubungkan kepada Jabatan Perangkaan following means, to facilitate business and industrial Malaysia bagi memastikan pelaporan berkualiti responses: dan lestari. • Financial incentives; • Training of experts; KA11 - ST3 • Technology management; Mendorong respons perniagaan dan perindustrian • Outreach communication programmes; and dengan menginstitusikan mekanisme yang • Recognition awards. merangkumi cara-cara berikut: • Insentif kewangan; • Melatih pakar; • Pengurusan teknologi; • Pencapaian program komunikasi; dan • Anugerah pengiktirafan.

10 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 11 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA12 - ST4 KA12 - ST4 Mengimbangkan penerapan langkah-langkah Integrate balanced adaptation and mitigation adaptasi dan mitigasi ke dalam dasar dan perancangan measures into policies and plans on environment and alam sekitar dan sumber asli. natural resources. KA13 - ST4 KA13 - ST4 Mengambil pelbagai langkah termasuk menyediakan Incorporate measures, including mobilising financing bantuan kewangan dan teknikal untuk perkara and technical assistance, into the following areas: berikut: • Agriculture and food security; • Pertanian dan jaminan makanan; • Natural resources and environment (water, • Sumber asli dan alam sekitar (air, biodiversiti, biodiversity, forestry, minerals, soil, coastal hutan, mineral, tanah, pantai dan marin serta and marine and air); udara); • Energy security; • Jaminan tenaga; • Industries; • Perindustrian; • Public health; • Kesihatan awam; • Tourism; • Pelancongan; • Transportation; • Pengangkutan; • Infrastructure; • Infrastruktur; • Land use and land use change (include land • Gunatanah dan perubahan gunatanah reclamation); (termasuk tebus gunatanah); • Human settlements and livelihood; • Penempatan manusia dan kehidupan; • Waste management; and • Pengurusan sisa; dan • Disaster risk reduction. • Pengurangan risiko bencana. KA14 - ST4 KA14 - ST4 Develop and implement plans for public-private, NGOs Merangka dan melaksanakan rancangan perubahan and communities collaboration on climate change. iklim melalui kerjasama sektor awam-swasta, NGO, dan komuniti.

12 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 11 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA15 - ST4 KA15 - ST4 Memulihara dan meningkatkan pengumpulan Conserve and enrich carbon pools in natural karbon dalam ekosistem asli termasuk ladang dan ecosystems including plantations and promote menggalakkan pemuliharaan ekosistem yang sensitif rehabilitation of sensitive and degraded ecosystems dan terjejas melalui amalan-amalan pengurusan dan through sound management practices and land use perancangan gunatanah yang baik. planning. KA16 - ST4 KA16 - ST4 Mengenalpasti sifat dan nilai ekosistem untuk Identify and recognise the attribute and value of diterapkan ke dalam proses perancangan ecosystem services and integrate into the development pembangunan. planning process. KA17 - ST4 KA17 - ST4 Membangunkan sistem pengiraan karbon dan kajian Develop national carbon accounting systems and dasar bagi ekosistem hutan. baseline studies of forest ecosystems. KA18 - ST4 KA18 - ST4 Membangunkan pelbagai model unjuran iklim dan Develop multiple national climate and hydroclimate hidroiklim untuk mengenalpasti kemudahterancam projection models for identifying vulnerabilities and dan impak perubahan iklim yang berpotensi. assessing potential impacts of climate change. Strategic Thrust 2.2 Strategic Thrust 2.2 Teras Strategik 2.2 Teras Strategik 2.2

12 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 13 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA19 - ST5 KA19 - ST5 Menggalakkan RE dan EE dalam penjanaan kuasa Promote RE and EE for power generation through: melalui: • Burden sharing between government and • Perkongsian beban antara kerajaan dan pihak power producers; pembekal tenaga; • Establishment of EE and RE targets/standards; • Menetapkan sasaran / piawai bagi EE dan RE; • Inclusion of RE in generation mix by power • Memasukkan RE ke dalam campuran producers; and penjanaan oleh pembekal tenaga; • Promotion of RE generation by small and • Menggalakkan penjanaan RE oleh pihak independent developers including local penjana persendirian berskala kecil termasuk communities. komuniti tempatan. KA20 - ST5 KA20 - ST5 Promote RE and EE to reduce GHG emissions in the Menggalakkan penggunaan RE dan EE untuk transportation sector through: mengurangkan pelepasan GHG di sektor • Enforcement of new vehicles engines with pengangkutan dengan: higher fuel efficiency; • Menguatkuasakan penggunaan enjin • Increase usage of hybrid engines and electric kenderaan baru dengan kecekapan bahan vehicles; api yang tinggi; • Development of an effective, efficient, • Meningkatkan penggunaan engin hibrid dan integrated affordable public transportation kenderaan elektrik; system; • Membangunkan satu sistem pengangkutan • Property and township development that awam yang murah, berkesan, cekap, dan allows movement by cycling, walking and bersepadu; public transport; • Pembangunan hartanah dan perbandaran • Promotion of water transportation; and yang membolehkan pergerakan seperti • R&D on higher fuel efficiency and alternative berbasikal, berjalan kaki dan penggunaan fuel. pengangkutan awam; • Menggalakkan pengangkutan air; dan KA21 - ST5 • R&D ke atas kecekapan bahan api yang tinggi Promote and increase EE in industrial sectors through: dan bahan api alternatif. • Review and establishment of legal mechanism for EE application in industries; KA21 - ST5 • Provision and promotion of technical and Menggalak dan meningkatkan EE dalam sektor financial assistance or incentives to the perindustrian dengan: industry using EE technology and processes; • Mengkaji semula dan mewujudkan • Conduct of technology needs assessment; mekasnime perundangan untuk • Conduct of energy audit in industrial and penggunaan EE di sektor perindustrian; building sectors; and • Menyedia dan menggalakkan bantuan • Adoption of EE practices by new industries. teknikal dan kewangan atau memberi insentif-insentif kepada industri yang menggunapakai teknologi dan proses EE; • Menjalankan penilaian keperluan teknologi; • Menjalankan audit tenaga di sektor

14 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 13 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS perindustrian dan bangunan; dan KA22 - ST5 • Mewajibkan industri baru menggunapakai Promote construction of green buildings in amalan EE. commercial / institutional, industrial and residential sector through: KA22 - ST5 • Application of low or zero energy concept in Menggalak pembinaan bangunan mesra alam di the design and construction of new buildings; sektor perdagangan / institut, industri dan perumahan • Retrofitting of efficient ventilation and cooling melalui: systems as well as lighting systems; • Penerapan konsep tenaga rendah atau sifar • Energy conservation practice in buildings; dalam reka bentuk dan pembinaan • Retrofitting existing buildings to include EE bangunan baru; features and generate RE; and • Penambahbaikan sistem pengudaraan dan • Development of a green building index. pendinginan serta lampu yang cekap; • Pengamalan penjimatan tenaga dalam KA23 - ST5 bangunan; Empower local communities in basic RE maintenance, • Penambahbaikan bangunan sedia ada untuk especially in rural electrification including mini and menggunapakai aplikasi EE dan menjana RE; micro hydroelectric schemes. dan • Pembangunan indeks bangunan mesra alam. KA23 - ST5 Membenarkan komuniti tempatan menjalankan penyelenggaraan asas bagi RE, terutamanya dalam pembekalan elektrik ke luar bandar termasuk skim mini dan mikro hidroelektrik. Teras Strategik 3.1 Teras Strategik 3.1

14 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 15 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA24 - ST6 KA24- ST6 Menyemak semula pelbagai usaha yang diambil Stocktaking of current measures, taking into account oleh pihak berkepentingan termasuk yang sedia initiatives already implemented by stakeholders, and dilaksanakan, dan menjalankan kajian ekonomi untuk undertake economic evaluation for incorporation into penerapan ke dalam Rancangan Malaysia. future Malaysia Plans. KA25 - ST6 KA25 - ST6 Mengambil langkah-langkah ke dalam dasar, Integrate measures into policies, plans, programmes rancangan, program dan projek di sektor berikut: and projects in the following areas: • Pertanian dan jaminan makanan; • Agriculture and food security; • Sumber asli dan alam sekitar (air, biodiversiti, • Natural resources and environment (water, hutan, mineral, tanah, pantai dan marin serta (biodiversity, forestry, minerals, soil, coastal udara); and marine and air); • Jaminan tenaga; • Energy security; • Perindustrian; • Industries; • Kesihatan awam; • Public health; • Pelancongan; • Tourism; • Pengangkutan; • Transportation; • Infrastruktur; • Infrastructure; • Gunatanah dan perubahan gunatanah • Land use and land use change (include land (termasuk tebus gunatanah); reclamation); • Penempatan manusia dan kehidupan; • Human settlements and livelihood; • Pengurusan sisa; dan • Waste management; and • Pengurangan risiko bencana. • Disaster risk reduction. KA26 - ST6 KA26 - ST6 Mengambilkira kesan perubahan iklim di peringkat Integrate climate change considerations at the perancangan melalui kaedah berikut: planning level by applying tools that includes the • Pengurusan Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar following: secara bersepadu; • Integrated Environmentally Sensitive Areas; • Penilaian Strategik Alam Sekitar; • Strategic Environmental Assessment; • Penilaian Ekonomi ke atas Perkhidmatan • Economic Evaluation of Ecological Services; Ekologi; • Sustainable Development Indicators. • Petunjuk Pembangunan Lestari. KA27 - ST6 KA27 - ST 6 Enhance the coordinating mechanism to oversee Memperkukuhkan mekanisme penyelarasan the planning, implementation and monitoring of untuk menyelia perancangan, pelaksanaan dan climate change measures. pemantauan pelbagai langkah perubahan iklim.

16 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 15 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA28 - ST7 KA28 - ST7 Mewujudkan dan melaksanakan satu agenda R&D Establish and implement a national R&D agenda on perubahan iklim kebangsaan dengan mengambilkira climate change taking into account the following sektor berikut: areas: • Pertanian dan jaminan makanan; • Agriculture and food security; • Jaminan air dan perkhidmatannya; • Water security and services; • Perhutanan dan khidmat ekosistem; • Forestry and ecosystem services; • Kelestarian bio-tenaga; • Sustainable bio-energies; • Perkhidmatan kesihatan awam dan • Public health services and delivery; penyampaiannya; • Localised modelling for projection of future • Menggunakan model tempatan untuk scenarios; unjuran senario masa depan; • Innovative socio-economic and financing • Mekanisme sosioekonomi dan pelaburan mechanisms; yang inovatif; • Vulnerability due to extreme weather events • Pendedahan terhadap kejadian cuaca and natural disasters; and keterlaluan dan bencana alam; dan • Policy analysis harmonising national and • Analisis dasar untuk mengharmonikan isu-isu international issues. negara dan antarabangsa. KA29 - ST7 KA29 - ST7 Strengthen national data repository through periodic Mengukuhkan bank data kebangsaan menerusi national inventory by: inventori kebangsaan secara berkala dengan: • Reviewing and expanding the role of the • Mengkaji semula dan memperluaskan Department of Statistics as the central peranan Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia depository for environmental information, sebagai penyimpan maklumat alam including GHG; sekitar, termasuk GHG; • Formulating measures for responsible • Merumuskan langkah-langkah untuk reporting and collation of data by the pelaporan dan pengumpulan data oleh Department of Statistic, key agencies and Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, agensi-agensi other stakeholders; utama dan pihak berkepentingan; dan and • Menubuhkan pangkalan data inventori • Establishing database inventory on natural berkenaan bencana alam dan kejadian cuaca disasters and extreme weather events. keterlaluan. KA30 - ST7 KA30 - ST7 Institutionalise the following stage-based climate- Menginstitusikan program pemindahan teknologi friendly technology transfer programme to nurture mesra iklim secara berperingkat bagi memupuk self-innovativeness and R&D sustainability in local kelestarian R&D di firma dan institusi tempatan seperti firms and institutions berikut: • Initiation Stage – Assessment of technology • Peringkat Permulaan – Penilaian keperluan needs, create enabling environment, teknologi, mewujudkan persekitaran yang importing of technologies; membolehkan pengimportan teknologi; • Internalisation Stage – Develop human and • Peringkat Dalaman– Membangunkan institutional capacities, enhance knowledge keupayaan individu dan institusi, and awareness of emerging technologies,

16 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia 19 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS meningkatkan pengetahuan; dan kesedaran adopting and adapting technologies by terhadap kemunculan teknologi baru; local firms under flexible IPR regime; and menerap dan menyesuaikan teknologi oleh • Generation Stage – Source adequate firma tempatan di bawah regim IPR yang capital to acquire better technologies, fleksibel; dan innovating and capacity building through • Peringkat Penghasilan – Mendapatkan modal R&D programme. yang mencukupi bagi memperolehi teknologi yang lebih baik, membuat KA31 - ST7 pembaharuan dan membina keupayaan Promote pragmatic cooperation programmes melalui program R&D. through: • Effective mechanisms and tools for KA31 - ST7 technology cooperation in specific sectors; Menggalakkan program kerjasama yang pragmatik • Collaborative R&D to access knowledge and melalui: technologies; • Mekanisme dan peralatan yang berkesan • Support for endogenous development and untuk kerjasama teknologi dalam sektor- diffusion of technology; and sektor tertentu; • Regional cooperation on technology • Kerjasama R&D untuk memperolehi development. pengetahuan dan teknologi; • Menyokongan pembangunan dan KA32 - ST7 dan penyebaran teknologi tempatan; dan Identify a coordinating mechanism to oversee R&D • Kerjasama serantau berkaitan pembangunan activities, information dissemination, avoidance of teknologi. duplication, and to support decision making. KA32 - ST7 KA33 - ST7 Mengenalpasti mekanisme penyelarasan untuk Institutionalise measures to strengthen effective mengawasi aktiviti-aktiviti R&D, penyebaran linking of climate science and policy. maklumat, mengelakkan pertindihan dan menyokong dalam pembuatan keputusan. KA33 - ST7 Menginstitusikan pelbagai langkah untuk memperkukuhkan dan menghubungkaitkan sains dan dasar iklim.

20 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 17 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA34 - ST8 KA34 - ST8 Menubuhkan mekanisme komunikasi dan Establish and institutionalise effective and efficient perundingan yang cekap dan berkesan di kalangan communication and consultation mechanisms semua pihak berkepentingan. among all stakeholders. KA35 - ST8 KA35 - ST8 Mengukuhkan perundangan untuk membuat Strengthen legislative provisions for participatory perancangan dan keputusan secara bersama. planning and decision making. KA36 - ST8 KA36 - ST8 Menggalakkan respons dan program perubahan iklim Promote community-based climate change yang berteraskan penyertaan masyarakat tempatan. responses and programmes. KA37 - ST8 KA37 - ST8 Mengukuhkan jaringan kerjasama dan keupayaan Strengthen collaborative networks and capacity of agensi di peringkat kerajaan persekutuan, negeri dan agencies at the federal, state and local government tempatan. levels.

18 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA38 - ST9 KA38 - ST9 Menerapkan pembelajaran sistematik secara formal Adopt systematic and targeted formal and informal dan tidak formal serta meningkatkan kesedaran education and awareness raising on climate change mengenai perubahan iklim melalui pendekatan- through the following approaches: pendekatan yang berikut: • Involvement of various stakeholders • Penglibatan pelbagai pihak termasuk, including non-government organisations organisasi bukan kerajaan (NGO), (NGOs), community based organisations organisasi masyarakat tempatan (CBO), dan (CBOs) and the media; juga media; • Enhance cooperation between government • Meningkatkan kerjasama antara kerajaan and private sectors including corporate dengan sektor swasta termasuk responsibility; and tanggungjawab korporat; dan • Targeting special groups. • Mensasarkan kumpulan khas. KA39 - ST9 KA39 - ST9 Promote sustainable lifestyles and explore incentives Menggalakkan cara hidup lestari dan mengenalpasti that encourage them. insentif yang boleh menggalakkan mereka. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 19 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | TINDAKAN UTAMA KEY ACTIONS KA40 - ST10 KA40 - ST10 Mewujudkan daftar dan memperluaskan golongan Establish a register and expand the pool of climate pakar perubahan iklim. change experts. KA41 - ST10 KA41 - ST10 Menginstitusikan mekanisme untuk menyelaras Institutionalise a mechanism for coordinating pendirian negara dalam perundingan antarabangsa consultation among stakeholders on national yang melibatkan pihak-pihak berkepentingan yang positions and responses to address current and berkaitan. emerging issues for international negotiations. KA42 - ST10 KA42 - ST10 Merangkaprogrampembinaankeupayaanberterusan Institute continuous capacity building programmes bagi menyokong rundingan dan pelaksanaan to support negotiation and implementation of kewajipan antarabangsa secara berterusan. international obligations. KA43 - ST10 KA43 -- ST10 Menggalakkan kerjasama serantau mengenai Promote regional cooperation on climate change perubahan iklim melalui mekanisme yang sedia ada within existing inter-governmental and non- di antara kerajaan dan badan bukan kerajaan. governmental mechanisms.

20 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change DAFTAR KATA / GLOSSARY Adaptation Actions taken to help communities and ecosystems cope with actual or expected impacts of climate change. Balancing Adaptation and Mitigation Holistic and integrated approach to simultaneously optimise the benefits of both adaptation and mitigation. Climate Change Any change in climate over time that directly and indirectly affects human and their activities as well as natural systems and processes. Climate-Friendly Technology Refer “Low-Carbon Technology”. Climate-Proof Development Actions taken to protect development from any disruption due to actual or expected impacts of climate change. Climate-Resilient Development Development that takes into account measures to address climate change and extreme weather in line with national priorities. Economic Competitiveness Refer “Global Competitiveness”. Energy Efficiency The use of less energy to provide the same level of energy service primarily by means of a more efficient technology or process. Extreme Weather Any rare and/or unexpected destructive weather phenomena that is at the extreme of historical distribution. Global Competitiveness The degree to which a nation can produce goods and services that meet the requirements of international markets, while simultaneously maintaining and expanding the real incomes of its people over the long-term. Greenhouse Gas The atmospheric gases responsible for causing global warming and climate change. Examples include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), among others. Human Well-being The satisfactory state that an individual or a group of individuals should be in, that involve aspects such as happiness, health, safety, security and prosperity as well as participation in society. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia 21 Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara National Policy on Climate Change | DAFTAR KATA / GLOSSARY Low-Carbon Economy An economy that has minimal output of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Low-Carbon Technology Technology that over its life cycle causes less greenhouse gas emissions than other technological options. Major Groups Major groups include farmers, women, the scientific and technological community, children and youth, indigenous peoples and their communities, workers and trade unions, business and industry, non-governmental organisation and local authorities. Mitigation Actions taken to enhance sinks and reduce greenhouse gas emissions to lessen the impacts of climate change. Renewable Energy Energy derived from natural processes that are constantly replenished. Examples are solar, wind, biomass, geothermal and hydropower, among others. Sinks Any process, activity or mechanism which removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Forests and other vegetation are considered sinks because they remove carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. Stakeholders Any individual, group, body or entity, directly or indirectly affected by, or interested in, or with a stake in climate change matters such as government, public bodies, private sector, non-government organisations (NGOs), community based organisations (CBOs), civil society, consumer associations and major groups. Vulnerability The degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with, adverse effects of climate change.

22 Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia Dasar Perubahan Iklim Negara | National Policy on Climate Change ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The National Policy on Climate Change is a product of the Policy Study on Climate Change funded under the Ninth Malaysia Plan jointly implemented by the Conservation and Environmental Management Division (CEMD) and Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The formulation process encompassed five phases of stakeholder consultation involving about 1000 individuals from institutions in Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak and Sabah. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia ISBN 978-983-4429-44-7