National Policy on Crop Production Promotion of the Lao PDR

Lao People's Democratic Republic Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry National Policy On Crop Production Promotion of the Lao PDR June 2023 ii Contents Chapter I Introduction ................................................................ 1 1. Overview ....................................................................... 1 2. Potential ......................................................................... 2 2.1 Regional and International Potential and Situation ....... 2 2.2 Fundamental Potential ................................................... 3 2.3 Production Potential ...................................................... 5 2.4 Potential of Crop Markets and Products ........................ 6 2.5 Potential of the Government Policy in Promoting Investment in Agriculture or Horticulture ..................... 7 2.6 The Potential of Infrastructure and Technical Inputs .... 7 2.7 Communication Potential .............................................. 8 2.8 Management Regulations and Technical Measures ...... 8 3. Problem ......................................................................... 9 3.1 Overall Problems: .......................................................... 9 3.2 Problems of Farmers and Entrepreneurs...................... 10 3.3 Marketing and Pricing Issues ...................................... 11 4. Opportunities for Lao PDR ......................................... 12 5. Challenges ................................................................... 13 Chaprter II Objective, Goals and Scope of Utility ................... 14 1. Objective ..................................................................... 14 2. Goals ............................................................................ 15 2.1. Economic Goals / Targets............................................ 15 2.2. Social Goals and Benefits ............................................ 15 2.3. Environmental Goals and Benefits .............................. 15 3. Scoop of the policy ...................................................... 16 Chapter III The Contents of the National Policy on Crop Production Promotion .......................................... 16 1. Land Policy for Plants / Crops..................................... 17 2. Production Inputs ........................................................ 19 iii 3. The Policy on Promotion of Quality and Processing of Plants/Crops ................................................................ 21 4. Crop and Plant Product Export Policy......................... 24 5. Personnel and worker policies ..................................... 26 6. Crop and cultivation risk assurance policy .................. 28 7. Promotion Policy on Use of Science, Modern Technology and Energy ............................................... 29 8. Credit Policy and Access to Capital/ Funding Sources 31 Chapter IV Policy Implementation .......................................... 36 Chapter V Monitoring and Evaluation ..................................... 39 iv Preface National Policy on Crop Production Promotion (NPCPP) of the Lao PDR has been developed to implement the Party's policy and directions defined in the resolution of the 9th General Conference of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, the National Socio- Economic Development Plan (NSEDP), which is the key mission of creating a solid foundation for development to bring the Nation out of the underdeveloped status and continue to move towards to the goal of socialism. The NPCPP has provided facilitation, support, and promoted cultivation of crops and crops production by individuals, groups, cooperatives, legal entities, domestic and foreign agencies carrying out production related to cultivation to ensure supply of crops and crop products that are sufficient, safe, nutritious, as commodities and to increase the commercial competitiveness of the Lao PDR. This policy is also crucial in creating conductive conditions and environment that enable relevant sectors to achieve their targets and goals of food and agricultural production and products in the direction of development plan for agriculture, forestry and rural development of the agriculture and forestry sector. In addition, it is also a preparation of the sector to be linked to and participate in regional and international forums in which Lao PDR is a party. National Policy on Crop Production Promotion (NPCPP) of the Lao PDR includes an overview of cultivation of crops, analysis of potential, problems, opportunities, challenges, rationale, needs, and goals, which aims to support and enable favorable conditions for the value chain of crop production in the Lao PDR from v the production stage to processing, transport and trade. Moreover, the NPCPP also includes an estimation of results, determination of standards, methods of implementation and monitoring of evaluation (M&E). This policy will be implemented effectively only when it exists to have an active contribution of the relevant sectors, local governments and various ethnic people throughout the country. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) would kindly like to express its appreciation and gratitude to all employees at both the central and local levels who have poured their energy, wisdom and valuable time into development of this policy since the beginning until it is completed. The policy may have some contents that still lack consistency and comprehension. Therefore, we have a pleasure to receive all of your useful comments to make necessary improvements in the next steps forwards. Vientiane, dated: ............/........../............. Minister 1 Chapter I Introduction 1. Overview In order to implement the resolution of the 4th Party Central Executive Committee Conference of the 11th term, the 9th 5-year National Social and Economic Development Plan (NSEDP) (2021-2025), the 9th 5-year Agricultural, Forestry and Rural Development Plan (2021-2025), the Agricultural Strategy until 2025 and the vision until 2030 as well as the implementation of the National Agenda on solving economic-financial difficulties (2021-2) 023), cultivation sector is considered as an important sector that plays an important role in agricultural work, especially in compliance with food production programming, as raw materials for industrial crop processing including as goods for domestic use and export abroad. Cultivation or crop plantation is a fundamental factor for the livelihood of Lao people of all ethnic groups. In general, 52% of Lao citizens rely on agricultural production as their main occupation, the National income growth from the agriculture and forestry sector is 16%, while 10.4% is the cultivation sector (2021 data). In the implementation of the Agriculture and Forestry Development Plan (AFDP) over the past 5 years, the agriculture sector has contributed to the management and use of various production factors/inputs (seeds, fertilizers and pesticides), management of investment in agriculture/cultivation and various processing crops have been systematically managed and crop protection networks have been developed from the 2 central to local area. There has been development of the quantity and quality of the outputs as well as the certification system for organic and good agricultural production practices and standards, the sanitation system and plant sanitation (phytosanitation) have also been comprehensively developed. Overall, food production can be basically guaranteed with the surplus to be sold as products or commodities, especially unmilled rice yield at the level of 3.8 million tons/year (securing 2.5 million tons of food, the rest is sold domestically and exported). The production of food crops in 2.3 million tons/year), the prominent crop yields include fruit trees of 704,000 tons, 185,000 tons of sweet corns, 245,000 tons taros/sweet potatoes, 1.2 million tons of vegetables and the production of commercial crops reached an average of 6.8 million tons, the most prominent is the production of 2.7 million tons of casavas, 1.35 million tons of sugarcane, 550,000 tons of hard corns, 195,000 tons of Job’s tears and 150,134 tons of coffee, etc.), which makes the export of crops/plants and crop products over the past 5 years worth of 4 billion U$ dollars, in 2021 the production amount was 3,554,092 tons, worth 997 million U$ dollars and in 2022, the production was 4,358,800 tons, worth 1,360 million dollars. 2. Potential 2.1 Regional and International Potential and Situation Laos has become a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and implemented the regional and international conventions that Lao PDR is a party to, especially participating in the ASEAN Free Trade Zone and ASEAN+3, signing the agreements (contracts) with 3 China for 16 crops (maize, casavas, potatoes, bananas, rice, carrots, watermelons, long green beans, fresh soybeans, butter beans, fresh passion fruits, oranges, peaches, yellow lemons, medicinal herbs, red herbs (ເຄ ື່ອງ ແ ດ ງ ດ ່ າ ງ ) and tobacco leaves), signing the agreements with The Republic of Vietnam for 16 crops (maize, casavas, bananas, rice, carrots, large onions, napier grasses, dragon fruits, green oranges, mangoes, small oranges, peaches, jackfruits, white cabbage and lettuce), signed a contracts with the Kingdom of Thailand for 15 crops (maize, corn kernels, tomatoes, dry tobacco leaves, oranges, bananas, potatoes, papayas, passion fruits, casava, peanuts, jatropha, chilies, dried tobacco leaves and fresh vegetables according to the contract); and the export to the European Union (EU) is open to all types of products, but is necessary to comply with the import conditions of the European Union. These are potential and key crops in moving forwards the development of the agricultural sector which supports the Lao PDR agricultural products to gain more opportunities to access the regional and international markets. 2.2 Fundamental Potential Population: The world's population in 2020 was about 7.3 billion people, of which about 925 million people need more food and the tendency of the world's population will increase to 8.5 billion people by 2030, meanwhile the number of hungry populations is still increasing. The population of the Lao PDR in 2021 is about 7.4 million people, with an estimated number until 2025 about 8.3 million people; This does not include the tourists visiting Laos approximately 3 million people each year. To accommodate such population growth, the 4 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has assessed the food needs and called on many countries around the world to increase the current food production up to 60% more. Climate: Lao PDR is located on the Indochina Peninsula with a hot and humid monsoon climate. There are 2 seasons: rainy season (starting from May to October) and dry season (starting from November to April). The minimum average temperature is 5oC, the highest average temperature is 40 oC (see the average temperature and humidity). The average annual rainfall is different in each area, such as PakSong in Champasak Province is 3,700 mm, Savannakhet is 1,440 mm, Vientiane is 1,700 mm and Luang Prabang is 1,360 mm where rain is the main source of moisture in the country. Water Sources: Lao PDR has a lot of water resources. In addition to rainwater, Laos also has the Mekong River and its various tributaries, hydropower reservoirs and 15,119 irrigation projects that are able to provide water for cultivation of rice and commercial crops of about 280,800 hectares. Area: The Lao PDR has a total land area of 23,680,000 hectares, which is divided or distributed into reserved land to cover 70 percent of the forest area, including the land around the water in the area (4.7 million hectares of reserved forest area, 8.2 million hectares of protected forest land, 3.1 million hectares of productive forest land and 0.5 million hectares of industrial timber plantations/land) and 30 percent of the land has been designated for use and development, including the water area surrounding the area (4.5 million hectares of agricultural land, 2.0 million hectares of paddy rice land, 5 1.0 million hectares of non-permanent or short-lived crops, 0.8 million hectares of fruit trees, 0.7 million hectares of pasture land), 2.56 million hectares of construction land and other sectors (0.37 million hectares of construction land, transportation land of 0.18 million hectares and other types of land are 2.05 million hectares). Labor: Lao PDR has the potential of agricultural labor, which accounts for 61.5% of the labor force in Laos. The agricultural labor is diligent, has had a solid foundation and background in agricultural production for a long time. Meanwhile, the labor cost is also considered low, which is advanteous to cost of production. 2.3 Production Potential Seeds or Varieties: Lao PDR has about 14,000 samples of traditional rice stored in the gene bank. Most of these varieties are resistant to diseases and pests, have fragrance, nutrients and medicinal substances, which have potential to be studied and used beneficially in the future. In addition, there are improved varieties of rice that are resistant to changes in environment, such as flood resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance and have aroma, which can be expanded into the production base for farmers to use to alleviate the potential loss of crops caused by environmental changes. There are also varieties of corn, casava, beans, vegetables and other crops. This would be advantageous and favorable conditions for the development of new varieties that produce high yield and has environmental resistance. Fertilizers and Pesticides: Lao PDR has the potential of raw materials from natural sources and waste from 6 agricultural production to encourage farmers to produce fertilizers and biological pesticides. In addition, there are factories producing chemical fertilizers, biological fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This has been potential for improving fertilizer production system to obtain required quantity and quality. Moreover, the integrated pest management (IPM) techniques have been used as well as the legislations are implemented to manage the inspection system and registration of agricultural chemicals have been in place. That facilitates the importation of production inputs that cannot be produced on their own. 2.4 Potential of Crop Markets and Products Currently, crop markets and crop products have continuously been growing. Demand for domestic consumption of crops and crop/plant products is increasing day by day. There are wholesale markets, retail markets, clean agriculture markets (organic agriculture and good agricultural practices), community markets, and there are shops selling more plants/crops and plant products that can supply domestic consumers and tourists. Also, we have access to export markets that have successfully negotiated opening the markets with such as China, the Republic of Vietnam, Thailand, the European Union and other trading partners. However, access to the markets of trading partner countries has been difficult because the quality of crops and plant products have not yet met the standards of trading partner countries. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the systems of production, processing of crops and plant products to meet the standards as well as to negotiate the market opening with more trading partner countries. 7 2.5 Potential of the Government Policy in Promoting Investment in Agriculture or Horticulture The government promotes investment domestically and internationally by developing policies to support investment management in agriculture, creating an enabling environment and conductive conditions. Implementation of equality in terms of awareness, protection of possession, use and other rights stipulated by related Laws in Lao PDR is favorable to be given tax privileges as being a least developed country (LDC) similar to many other countries and frameworks. The government supports farmers and entrepreneurs to access loan sources for crops in many forms such as funds for medium and small producers. In this regard, the business and finance Laws have determined a policy of exempting or reducing taxes for the importation of production inputs and materials/supplies for crop cultivation. In addition, the government also has a policy of opening up many economic sectors through using the participation mechanism between the Public and Private Partnership (PPP) according to the market economy mechanism with the state management. 2.6 The Potential of Infrastructure and Technical Inputs Lao PDR has irrigation infrastructure systems that ensure water supply to rice production areas and food crops and commodity crops, resulting in a continuous increase in total annual outputs. Furthermore, there is technical base and inputs for inspecting and researching pests, quality of plant products, production inputs, chemical residues, 8 etc. Also, a network of pest outbreaks prevention and control have been in place and developed from time to time. 2.7 Communication Potential Lao PDR has roads interconnected from the North to South, the East to West, and urban to rural areas. Some domestic airports are also connected to the regional and international routes. The Lao-China railway system can be interlinked between Lao PDR and many countries, which facilitates convenient conditions for the supply of production inputs, transportation of crops and plant products in a time efficient manner. There are 28 international plant quarantine checkpoints throughout the country and a number of goods transfer points which facilitate and manage the export, transit and import of agricultural products as well as prevention and control of the spread of diseases and pests from Lao PDR to other countries and from other countries to Lao PDR. 2.8 Management Regulations and Technical Measures The Lao PDR has the Laws on Agriculture, the Laws on Protection and Quarantine of Plants/crops, the Decree on Management of Pesticides, and the Decree on Plant Varieties as well as a number of agreements such as fertilizer management, organic farming standards and good agriculture, management of plant processing plants/factories, import, export, transmission of plants, plant products and controlled objects and other legislations. These have been tools for management, inspection and support for entrepreneurs in their fair business pratices. Technical support and services have 9 also been improved to be quicker and more modern. Currently, there are agricultural technical staff from the central to local levels. There are plant quarantine officers stationed at various checkpoints; there are pest control officers and inspectors of good agricultural standards/practices and organic farms who issue certificates that proof such standards. 3. Problem Although the Lao PDR have many factors and conditions that are potential and facilitate the agricultural production of the Lao people and entrepreneurs, but in terms of actual implementation, there are still many problems as follows: 3.1 Overall Problems: 1. The agricultural production, processing of crops and plant products have not grown substantially; 2. The quantity and quality of the goods do not meet the standards of the trading partner countries; 3. The investment of domestic and foreign businessmen in the agricultural sector is minimal, compared to other sectors related to the agriculture and forestry; 4. The allocation and distribution of agricultural land for cultivating each type of crops has not been completed; 5. Cooperation between the government and private sectors in the implementation, management, demand 10 planning and promotion of production, processing and markets has not been harmonized; 6. The infrastructure and laboratories used in horticulture have not yet been upgraded in line with international standards; 7. The inspection and certification of phytosanitation and hygiene of plants has not been conducted effectively; 8. The organization of groups or cooperatives has not been sufficiently effective, so producers cannot negotiate with the commercial sector or fully access policies of the public sector; 9. The personnel developed to become specialized technicians, plant quarantine officers, pesticide inspectors and standard inspectors have been lacking with limited experience; 10. Application of clean and modern science and technology in production and processing of plants is limited; costs of electricity are high. 3.2 Problems of Farmers and Entrepreneurs 1. Access to low-interest funding sources with financial institutions, funds for micro-enterprise, small and medium-sized enterprises is very difficult, and many of them are high-interest funding sources, short-term loans and it is investment of use of capitals of individuals and groups that are unlikely to expand their production scale to become medium-sized and 11 large-scale farms that use modern techniques and technology to reduce risks and production costs; 2. Use of modern techniques and technologies requires use of more electricity, and it needs to bear burden of high electricity costs at different rates, resulting in higher variable costs; 3. Production costs are relatively high, unable to compete with domestic, regional and international markets; 4. Knowledge and ability to use new techniques and technologies in production and processing is limited; 5. Basic knowledge of farmers and entrepreneurs in operation of business, marketing and technical access to be sustainable and efficient is still limited; 6. Farmers in some areas cannot produce plants or crops all year round. 3.3 Marketing and Pricing Issues 4. Negotiations on opening potential export markets of crops and plant products at regional and international levels are not effective. On the contrary, management of import of crops and plant products is not effective; 5. Various provisions and agreements signed between Lao PDR and the trading partner countries have not been complied strictly; 6. Management mechanism for markets and prices of crops and plant products in the country is not that effective and appropriate to the reality and context, 12 and markets are unstable and the prices are much fluctuating; 7. The export of crops is mostly raw materials and unprocessed to add value in the country; 8. Guaranteeing or interfering with the prices of outputs for producers and entrepreneurs has not yet been implemented; 9. Information, education, monitoring of cost structure of production, marketing and price management have not yet developed as they should; 10. Collection of fees and service charges is repetitive and inconsistent, such as collecting fees from growers, crop collectors and transporters, which is one of the reasons for the high cost of production. 4. Opportunities for Lao PDR Although the Lao PDR has problems and limitations as mentioned, there are opportunities to develop agricultural sector to produce food, domestic goods and promote export as follows: 1. The Party and the Lao government have the appropriate policies and legislations and consistent development strategies that promote and accommodate all economic sectors and encourage them into active participation; 2. There are markets and demand for plants/crops and plant products in the country, neighboring countries and trading partners is high; 3. Laos has become a member of WTO and implemented the regional and international 13 conventions in the ASEAN Free Trade Zone and ASEAN+3, giving the Lao PDR the opportunity to develop standards for plant goods and plant products to access regional and international markets with high value; 4. The opening of the Lao-China railway is an important option and factor for the transportation of goods from the Lao PDR to regional and international countries. 5. Challenges Lao PDR has still encountered a number of challenges and threats that must be monitored and controlled as follows: 1. The world's changing economic situation, inflation rate, high oil prices resulting in price of production inputs such as agricultural tools, plant seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and labor costs; all these tend to increase continuously, contributes to an increase of production structural cost; 2. Climate change has resulted in natural disasters and pest outbreaks causing the production of food and commodity crops or plants to be unpredictable; 3. Development of the production chain in relation to the processing of plants and plant products must be done in a comprehensive manner, but the public and private sectors are short of investment budget; 4. The basic infrastructure for transportation of agricultural goods between district to district, province to province is still difficult; 14 5. The importation and transmission of plants and fruits are still at risk of outbreaks of diseases and pests; 6. Technical staff with specialized expertise are lacking, similarly to modern equipment, and use of tools and equipment is not appropriate to work; 7. Production of commodity crops of most farmers is done in traditional ways. It is difficult to transform such traditional production method into a new one of production that increases both quantity, quality and standards as required by markets. With the analysis results of the context, potential, problems, opportunities and challenges as mentioned above, it is necessary to Laos to have National policies that promote commodity crops in order to develop the agricultural sector to be at of strength and stability, so they contribute to the socio-economic development and generate income for the people to gradually escape from poverty. Chaprter II Objective, Goals and Scope of Utility 1. Objective This policy aims to guide the public sector in supporting and facilitating development of agricultural sector of the Lao PDR to grow with the aim of ensuring food, nutrition and be domestic goods and export according to the direction of being modern, clean, safe, with quality, stable, sustainable and be commercial products. 15 2. Goals This policy has set the economic, social and environmental benefit targets until 2030 as follows: 2.1. Economic Goals / Targets Make efforts to produce 4 million tons of rice, 10 million tons of food crops and community crops, of which 2.5 million tons are food crops (190,000 tons of sweet corn, 250,000 tons of taros and sweet potatoes, 550,000 tons of fruits and 1.60 million tons of vegetables, etc.) and 7.5 million tons of commercial crops (hard corn of 600,000 tons, 200,000 tons of coffee, 1.4 million tons of sugarcane, 4 million tons of casavas, 35,000 tons of tobacco leaves, 200,000 tons of Job’s tears on average, 800,000 tons of bananas on average, 200,000 tons of watermelons, etc.), the estimated export value of plants and plant products by 2030 will not be less than 1.5 billion US dollars. 2.2. Social Goals and Benefits This policy is expected to have social benefits such as creating careers, jobs that generate income and make living conditions better, upgrading labor skills, creating expertise in agricultural management, administration and services, reducing migration of young people to work in cities and neighboring countries; As a result, the society will be peaceful and the nation will be stable and prosperity will increase. 2.3. Environmental Goals and Benefits 16 This policy will contribute to environmental promotion such as stimulation and transformation of production into clean agriculture, good agricultural practice (GAP) and organic agriculture (OA) which support use of organic- biological fertilizers to improve soil for planting crops, import management, use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural techniques. 3. Scoop of the policy This National Policy on Crop Production Promotion (NPCPP) of the Lao PDR is developed to be employed by individuals, legal entities, groups, cooperatives and organizations both domestically and abroad that are involved in commodity crop/plant cultivation. Chapter III The Contents of the National Policy on Crop Production Promotion National Policy on Crop Production Promotion (NPCPP) of the Lao PDR is important in creating conditions for the sector to reach the goal or targets of food production sufficient to meet domestic consumption in order to reduce imports and production as export goods, generate income, bring more foreign currency into the country and be able to link with regional and international countries that the Lao PDR is a party to. The NPCPP in Lao PDR of the Lao PDR includes the following 08 contents or components as follows: 17 1. Land Policy for Plants / Crops Problems: 1. The allocation and distribution of land for each type of crop has not yet been effective, so planning to support the entrepreneurs and farmers is not fully beneficial; 2. People simply grow crops based on market needs without considering the transformation of land use for growing crops, tendency that changes from just simply growing food crops and economic crops to other industrial crops, non-target-purpose use of cropland, such as land suitable for growing economic crops is diverted to other purposes; 3. There is no specific legislation in place for management of cropland for production of food crops and commodity crops; 4. Programs supportig management and development of cropland are limited. Purpose: 1. To determine and allocate the agricultural land areas to suit the conditions, location, special points, potential and advantages of each area in production and crop cultivation business to be modern and clean agriculture; 2. To manage cropland reserves, utilization, development and protection of cropland in 18 appropriate areas as well as encourage use of cropland in an efficient and effective manner. Policy: 1. The government is responsible for management of agricultural land including cropland through surveying, zoning, and planning for use of cropland in accordance with the targets; 2. The government supports entrepreneurs and farmers to use cropland as defined for production of food crops and plant products in order to maximize benefits, to be sustainable with using appropriate investment and techniques; 3. Carry out systematic monitoring and inspection of cropland use, development of agricultural land registration to verify rights of cropland use by creating and updating legislations and issuing technical guidelines to improve soil upgrading for each type of crop; 4. The government researches, creates and improves legislations, management regulations for use of agricultural land, including crop land, to ensure food security by increasing productivity of crop production; 5. Any production area certified according to good agricultural practice (GAP) and organic agriculture standards for 03 consecutive years will be considered for land tax reduction; 19 6. The government supports multi-cycle farming or horticulture in a year in areas with good water supply conditions such as for rice production (yearly paddy rice planting and multi-cycle paddy rice planting in a year) or other potential crops through provision of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, techniques and irrigation water usage fees. 2. Production Inputs Problem: 1. Many varieties of plants or crops have not yet been fully researched and developed. Good and quality plant varieties or seeds to supply the society are not enough to meet the needs and the majority of them are imports from abroad; 2. The supply of fertilizers, chemical, biological and organic fertilizer formulas of various factories in the country have not met the standards and not provided sufficiently to meet the needs of farmers and entrepreneurs who produce food and commodity crops, so those are mostly imported; 3. There is no pesticide factory, and most of the pesticides are imported from abroad to serve the prevention and control of pest outbreaks in a timely manner and according to situation; 4. The management of the importation of plant varieties, fertilizers and pesticides has not been effective and there is still illegal importation; 20 5. Laboratories and quality control of plant varieties, fertilizers and pesticides has not been developed based on requirements; 6. Price of domestically produced fertilizer is a problem, due to high cost of production and imported fertilizer price is high. Objective: 1. To develop and research new crop/plant varieties to be able to supply to farmers and plant producers / entrepreneurs sufficiently; 2. To strengthen management of importation, distribution and use of crop varieties, fertilizers and pesticides in accordance with regulations; 3. To improve the supply system of plant seeds, fertilizers and pesticides with quality, appropriate price and sufficiently to meet the needs of farmers and entrepreneurs accessibly in general, timely and with sufficient reserve in case of natural disasters. Policy 1. The government provides support and facilitation to investors to build and operate bio-fertilizer and organic fertilizer factories by providing exemption of taxes, taxes on import of materials and equipment related to building infrastructure of fertilizer factories; 2. The government encourages and support all economic sectors to invest in basic infrastructure in 21 research, techniques, testing, qualitative research, and standards of plant varieties, fertilizers and pesticides; 3. The government improves and upgrades centers and stations that produce and supply plant seeds/varieties to farmers and entrepreneurs, and also provides exemption from taxes for the importation of plant seeds, fertilizers and pesticides that cannot be produced domestically in order to meet the needs of production, education, research, testing and responses / solutions to the effects of natural disasters; 4. Strengthen personnel (HR) and develop necessary tools used for research, testing, inspection of quality of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. 3. The Policy on Promotion of Quality and Processing of Plants/Crops Problem: 1. The organization of production capacity to supply raw materials for crop processing plants/factories has not been at of quality, standardized and is not adequate to meet the needs; 2. Crop processing plants (factories) are mostly small- scale, which do not meet regional and international standards; 3. Processing and marketing of crops and plant products is not strong, not commercially competitive in terms of prices and standards of products, and implementation 22 of two-way contracts between producers and entrepreneurs has not been strictly effective; 4. Investment scale in development of science and technology infrastructure, factory standards, laboratories, planthouses, packinghouses, yard for drying crops, and warehouses is not that large and not up to standard; 5. Promotion and development of clean agriculture is not widespread and in line with market needs; 6. Management of investment in cultivation of and transforming crops into commodity crops has not yet been implemented consistently according to the Laws and regulations; 7. Management, use of waste from plant processing has not yet been followed in line with regulations. Objective: 1. To encourage and support producers, groups, cooperatives, associations and entrepreneurs to produce crops in quantity, quality and standards that meet demand for crop processing and export; 2. Upgrade crop processing factories, laboratories, warehouses (and build them more), etc. that supports production and processing of crops and crop products to meet standards. Policy: 1. The government motivates and supports entrepreneurs to produce crops in accordance with 23 production chain related to processing to meet standards and be able to compete commercially and gain economic cooperation between producers, groups, cooperatives or associations; 2. The government motivates and supports all economic sectors to invest in development of science and technology infrastructure, crop processing factories, quality laboratories for crop product standards to be systematic and consistent with regional and international standards; 3. The government motivates and supports business sectors to invest in production and supply of sufficient water for clean agricultural production using clean and environmentally friendly technology, inspection and certification according to Laws and regulations; 4. Encouraging implementation of fair contracts between producers and buyers and improving management of crop trading through electronic systems; 5. The government develops legislations, mechanisms and methods that manages investment in commodity crops to support investors to benefit from tax and value added tax exemption policies for importing vehicles, tools and equipment to serve production and crop processing and crop products; 6. The government supports crop processing plants/factories who are qualified for good production standards and get them certified and approved by the Department of Agriculture and the 24 factories will benefit from electricity cost reduction policy which is economically equal to agricultural electricity consumption; 7. The government encourages and promotes use of waste from production and processing of crops for maximum benefit by making compost, biogas and renewable energy which are environmentally friendly. 4. Crop and Plant Product Export Policy Problem: 1. The implementation of sanitation measures and phytosanitary conditions, technical standards such as establishment of plant quarantine stations, prevention and control of pests, back-checking system and pest research, including certification of phytosanitation and quality of plant products has not been well- functioning; 2. Information on marketing and management of price of crops and plant products are not systematically managed; 3. Technical negotiations to open the markets for crops and plant products with trading partner countries have been limited and delayed, especially for the potential crops of our country; 4. Technical infrastructure (e.g., plant quarantine facilities, labs, equipment...), plant quarantine officials are lacking and the entrepreneurs do not 25 comply with phytosanitary conditions regarding import-export of crops and plant products; 5. Transportation services, transfer points, storage facilities and other facilities within the country are limited and not up-to-date. Obective: 1. Improve plant quarantine stations/facilities, labs, phytosanitation equipment/ tools and crop safety, transportation services, transfer points and product storage facilities to be able to comply with import and export conditions of trading partners; 2. To provide more technical information and catalogs of crops and plant products for export. Policy: 1. The government encourages, supports and strengthens the application of modern techniques in plant sanitation and phytosanitation for export of crops and plant products; 2. The government encourages and supports investors to establish and develop plant/crops quarantine facilities, pest control laboratories, toxic residues, product quality and germicide; 3. The government motivates and supports investors to create, diversify and modernize transportation service systems, transfer points and storage facilities for goods; 26 4. The government increases collection of pest risk assessment data, negotiations for opening more markets for crops and plant products; 5. Dissemination of information, export conditions to entrepreneurs to be compliant with agreements with various trading partner countries; 6. The government empowers experts, officials and entrepreneurs to comply with import-export conditions of trading partners. 5. Personnel and worker policies Problem: 1. Technical staff specialized in e.g., diseases, insects, chemical residue research, clean agriculture, food science are lacking and unable be recruited according to staffing plans/targets; 2. Quantity and quality of labor in field of agricultural production, processing of crops and crop products is not sufficient; 3. Short-term and long-term training to increase knowledge and skills of the employees in the agriculture sector is minimal and not continuous. Objecive: 1. To increase number of specialists in the field of agriculture/horticulture from the central to local levels; 27 2. Motivate entrepreneurs to employ agricultural technicians to work or get more jobs in crop farms, crop processing factories and plant products; 3. To develop skills in field of agriculture to be advanced and modern to meet the growth of the agriculture sector in each locality. Policy: 1. The government determines the personnel development plan and positions and job descriptions and duties of the agriculture sectors related to capacity building that meet the needs in each period of time; 2. The government promotes and supports cultivation techniques and workers to participate in trainings, seminars and exchanging lessons to enable opportunities for careers and access to domestic and foreign labor markets, which leads to making contracts and working partnership; 3. The government motivates and supports multiple sectors to invest in improving centers, central and local stations, machinery and tools for modern production in parallel with improving curriculum, manuals; encourages private sector to create learning centers and plant clinics. 28 6. Crop and cultivation risk assurance policy Problem: 1. Lao PDR's crop cultivation is small-scale and scattered, mainly dependent on natural factors and conditions. Application of new techniques and technologies is not yet widespread; 2. Climate change is the cause of natural disasters, pest outbreaks, resulting to damage to crops and the emergency reserves for solving crises have been in shortage; 3. Guarantee of crop price and production inputs (e.g., plant varieties, fertilizers, and pesticides) is still well implemented. Objective: 1. To ensure growth of crop cultivation and productivity of food crops and commodity crops with the use of modern science-techniques and create an emergency reserve to solve the risks that may occur; 2. To strengthen pest prevention and control systems and also to develop an emergency plan to deal with natural disasters; 3. To motivate and support crop producers and entrepreneurs to establish groups, cooperatives or associations of crop producers to guarantee price of products. 29 Poicy: 1. The government provides incentives to investors who employ modern and environmentally friendly science and technology in production related to crop processing and export; 2. The government supports development of a crop protection network system, meteorological services for agriculture and information access system on crop protection from the central to local levels; 3. The government develops funds to guarantee minimum prices to motivate producers, groups, cooperatives or associations and entrepreneurs for cultivation of strategic crops and potential crops as commodities; 4. The government motivates and supports entrepreneurs to make bilateral contracts to determine minimum guaranteed prices and standards for producers; 5. The government establishes stockpiles of plant seeds/varieties, fertilizers and biological germs to be applied for production in times of natural disasters. 7. Promotion Policy on Use of Science, Modern Technology and Energy Problem: 1. Use of clean and modern science, technology- techniques in crop production-processing system including survey, surveillance, prevention and control of pest infestation has been limited; 30 2. Personnel lack of knowledge and skills to invent and use modern tools in horticulture. Meanwhile, producers, entrepreneurs and farmers are not yet able to be aware of and use new innovative techniques; 3. Access to and use of tools, modern machinery, technology to produce electricity with solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and biomass energy in production and processing of crops has been limited or lacking; 4. Producers and entrepreneurs who use modern technology need to use more electricity but have to bear burden of high electricity costs at different rates, resulting in higher costs. Objective: 1. To support producers and entrepreneurs in use of modern techniques and technologies in crop cultivation to be adaptable to climate changes and environment friendly; 2. To raise crop productivity, reduce cost of production so that it is competitive in domestic and international markets. 3. Policy: 4. The government supports and promotes use of science, modern technology, smart agriculture or in the form of smart farms in production and processing of crops adaptable or resilient to climate change and cost efficient; 31 5. The government conduct researches and testing the use of modern techniques and technologies in production to suit each area; 6. The government motivates and supports producers and entrepreneurs to invest in production and processing of crops to be export products that use new techniques, innovations, tools, equipment, information and modern communication; 7. Facilitate the importation of modern and environmentally friendly vehicles, tools and equipment to be applied in crop production; 8. The government encourages and supports production, application of and access to tools, modern machinery, clean renewable energy technology (solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and biomass energy) in increasing production and processing of crops; 9. The government issues a policy that helps reduce cost of agricultural electricity similar to cost of irrigation electricity for farm-style production, smart farm, production facilities based on concept of clean agricultural production and good processing certified and approved by the Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 8. Credit Policy and Access to Capital/ Funding Sources Problem: 1. Access to low-interest funding sources from financial institutions, micro-enterprise promotion funds of small 32 and medium-sized enterprises is difficult and loan process is also difficult, and many of them use high- interest funding sources and take short-term loans; 2. The government has limited sources of funds and does not yet have any specific credit policy for promoting production and processing of commodity crops. Objective: 1. To create enabling and conductive conditions for farmers and entrepreneurs in operation of crop growing and community crop processing and for access to funding sources with suitable conditions; 2. To support financial institutions, farmers and entrepreneurs to be able to conduct their businesses together according to the conditions, Laws and regulations. Policy: 1. The government allocates specific funds and budgets for planting/cultivation, processing and exporting crops and crop products, including prevention and control of pest outbreaks, pest research, clean agriculture certification, plant product quality certification, and phytosanitation supported by various programs approved by the government. 2. The government develops and issues a policy that eases specific credit payment period in case of farmers and entrepreneurs experiencing natural disasters; 33 3. Develop and issues a policy that promotes access government funds and financial institutions with a credit policy that offers a subsidy to interest rate and a credit policy that spreads to local areas with low interest rate, loan-term loan, and loan principal repayment according to the regulations and Laws among farmers, entrepreneurs and financial institutions. The parties can mutually benefit as shown in the table below: No. Types of producers, groups and entrepreneurs Loan term Inter est rate per year Loan terms, principal and interest 1 Short- lived crops and industria l crops Rice, corn, casava, water melons, sweet potatoes, long beans, yellow beans, fresh vegetables, butter beans, Job’s tears, vegetables over 3 years 5% interest rate for year 1-2 pay the principal and interest rate for year 3 Sugarcane over 3 years 5% interest rate for year 1-2 pay the principal and interest 34 rate for year 3 Bananas Over 5 years 5% interest rate for year 1-2 pay the principal and interest rate for year 3 2 Fruit trees Mangoes, jack fruits, peaches, oranges, lemons, cashew nuts, longan, litchi, durian and other fruits Over 7 years 3% No payment for interest and principal until year 4 Pay for interest and principal in year 5 Passion fruits, dragon fruits Over 5 years 3% No payment for interest and principal until year 3 ິ Pay for interest and principal in year 4 35 3 coffee over 7 years 3% No payment for interest and principal until year 4 Pay for interest and principal in year 5 Tea over 5 years 3% No payment for interest and principal until year 4 Pay for interest and principal in year 5 4 Establishment/constructi on of crop processing and plant product factories over 5 years 3% No payment for interest and principal until year 5 Pay for interest and principal in year 6 36 Chapter IV Policy Implementation Under supervision of the government, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) will appoint a Working Group responsible for supervision and monitoring the implementation of the policy with the Minister of MAF as the chairman and there is vice chairman or the Ministers of line Ministries will participate in the steering committee with a mandate of providing oversights in planning, creating mechanisms and proposing the implementation measures as well as considering investment projects that receive production incentives and reporting to the government regularly. In the implementation of the policy, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has the following responsibilities: 1. Implement measures that stimulate production by proposing detailed projects to be submitted to the government for approval; 2. Draft regulations to establish a fund for development and prevention of crop risks; 3. Appoint a committee to determine training standards, consider return mechanisms, farm standards, price units, including design, inspection and certification of good plant/crop production and processing standards; 4. Develop and organize groups, cooperatives and provide comprehensive technical trainings for crop group members to strive to transform farmers from crop caretakers and users of products to become professional producers who concentrates on 37 efficiency, quality, safety of their domestic and export products; 5. Coordinate with the Ministry of Industry and Commerce (MIC) to develop marketing and commerce/trade by promoting fair trade that all parties mutually benefit and consider the draft regulations for establishment of the Price and Investment Risk Guarantee Fund; 6. Coordinate with the Ministry of Finance (MF), the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the Bank of the Lao PDR to prepare and allocate budgets to improve the state infrastructure system, such as development and promotion of plant varieties/seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, researches on plant diseases, including experimental research, promotion, certification of standards, at the same time, to research favorable mechanisms, conductive conditions and propose to the government so that farmers and entrepreneurs who operate in field of cultivation have access to sources of capital/funds so that their production will grow both quantitatively and qualitatively; 7. Coordinate with the Ministry of Planning and Investment, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, the Ministry of Energy and Mines, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, the Ministry of Technology and Communication, the Ministry of Education and Sports and the National University of Laos, including the Prime Minister's Office and local government agencies to work hand in 38 hand to implement this policy according to their roles and responsibilities effectively; 8. Coordinate with the Provincial Natural Resources and Environment Offices in identification and distribution of agricultural land and cropland in accordance with their responsibilities; 9. Coordinate with the Provincial Planning and Investment Offices, the Provincial Industry and Commerce Offices, the Provincial Technology and Communication Offices, the Provincial Energy and Mining Offices and related sectors/offices in management of the importation, production and use of clean and modern science, technology-techniques in production, processing of crops and plant products; 10. Cooperate with the State Audit Organization/Office in inspection, monitoring, and evaluation of the implementation of various policies and projects under the government supervision and approval so they are in with the policy, and be efficient, effective, ensuring sustainability, transparency, friendly to environment and truly benefiting the economic and social development of the nation and people; 11. Encouraging, supporting and managing the private sector to access the government policies and take lead in in feasibility studies, project proposals, and contributing to investments to develop the cropping systems of the Lao PDR so they grow and sustain on the basis of application of appropriate techniques and technologies according to the tripartite cooperation, including cooperation between the state-entrepreneurs and people. 39 Chapter V Monitoring and Evaluation The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry takes lead in monitoring, inspection and evaluation of the implementation of the policy by organizing, data collection and analyze, research, lessons exchange, and reporting the progress, consistency, ability, achievement, relevant sectors at the central and local levels, and their involvement and duties the process of monitoring, inspection, and evaluation. And the success of the policy implementation and can be considered as a contribution to their socio-economic development plan. The monitoring will focus on two aspects: (1) monitoring of the inputs and performance and (2) monitoring of the overall outputs, results/outcomes or impact monitoring, and also monitoring of inputs that indicates public sector expenditure and foreign aid. The Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Offices is responsible for monitoring and evaluation at the local levels based on the provincial goals that contributes to the implementation of the policy. At the same time, it is important to the Provincial Offices and the provincial sectors to have a close and regular cooperation with the macro-management unit of the central level in order to be able to effectively monitor the implementation of the policy at the provincial level. In addition, it is necessary to the provincial offices to collect and compile its information/data completely and clearly in a systematic approach and report such data to the central level. Therefore, in order to ensure regular and accurate monitoring, the Provincial Offices would need to have an 40 information system that is clearly linked to the District Offices as well as implement a system of monitoring, evaluation and reporting the implementation. 1 References 1. ມະຕິ ກອງປະຊຸມຄົບຄະນະ ຂອງຄະນະບໍລິຫານງານສູນກາງພັກ ຄັັ້ງທີ 4 ສະໄໝທີ XI; 2. ຄໍາສັັ່ງສະບັບເລກທີ 097/ກມສພ, ລົງວັນທີ 18 ກຸມພາ 2020 ວ່າດ້ວຍການເພີ ື່ມທະວີການນໍາພາຊີ ັ້ນໍາ ຕໍໍ່ວຽກງານພັດທະນາ ຊົນນະບົດ ແລະ ແກ້ໄຂຄວາມທຸກຍາກໃຫ້ປະຊາຊົນ (ຍູ້ແຮງການ ສົ ັ່ງເສີມການຜະລິດກະສິກໍາ ປ ່າໄມ້ເປັນສິນຄ້າ ຕ ິດພັນກັບ ອຸດສາຫະກາໍປງຸແຕ່ງ ແລະ ການຕະຫາຼດຕາມທາ່ແຮງໄດປ້ຽບຂອງ ທ້ອງຖິື່ນ ແລະ ເຂດແຄວ້ນ, ຊຸກຍູ້ການພັດທະນາວິສາຫະກິດ, ຟາມ, ຄວບຄົວຕົວແບບ ໃນການຜະລິດສິນຄ້າສົດ, ຊີວະພາບ ສະອາດ, ປອດໄພ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຕົວເມ ອງ ປ່ຽນແທນການນໍາ ເຂົັ້າ, ການຜະລິດສິນຄ້າທີື່ເປັນທ່າແຮງໄດ້ປຽບເພ ື່ອສົັ່ງອອກ); 3. ຄໍາສັັ່ງ ສະບັບເລກທີ 01/ກມສພ, ລັງວັນທີ 26 ກໍລະກົດ 2021 ວ່າດ້ວຍການເພີື່ມທະວີນໍາພາຊີັ້ນໍາ ຂອງຄະນະພັກແຕ່ລະຂັ ັ້ນໃນ ການຈັດຕັ ັ້ງປະຕິບັດມາດຕະການແກ້ໄຂຄວາມຫຍຸ້ງຍາກດ້ານ ເສດຖະກິດ-ການເງິນ ຂໍໍ້ 2.1"ການສົັ່ງເສີມການຜະລິດ ແມ່ນເນັັ້ນ ໃສ່ການຜະລິດເພ ື່ອທົດແທນການນໍາເຂົັ້າ ແລະ ເພ ື່ອການສົັ່ງອອກ ຢ່າງແຂງແຮງ ໄປຍັງຕະຫຼາດພາກພ ັ້ນ ແລະ ສາກົນເປັນກ້າວໆ" ແລະ ຂໍໍ້ 3 ຂີດໜ້າ 5 "ໃຫ້ສ ບຕໍໍ່ຄົັ້ນຄວ້າປັບປຸງ ແລະ ສ້າງເພີື່ມ ບັນດານິຕິກໍາຕາ່ງໆ ເພ ື່ອຮັບໃຊ້ໃຫ້ແກກ່ານຄຸມ້ຄອງ-ບໍລິຫານລັດ ກໍຄ ການແກ້ໄຂຄວາມຫຍຸ ້ງຍາກດ້ານເສດຖະກິດ-ການເງິນ. ນະໂຍບາຍ, ກົດໝາຍ ຫຼ ນິຕິກໍາໃດໆ ຫາກຂດັກບັທດິ ຫຼ ຈິດໄຈ ການແກໄ້ຂບນັຫາເສດຖະກິດການເງນິ, ຖ້າແກແ້ລວ້ ຫຼ ປບັປງຸໄດ ້ ແມ່ນຈະໄດ້ປະສດິທຜິນົສງູ ຕໍໍ່ສ່ວນລວມ ກໍຄວນເດດັດຽ່ວປບັປຸງ, ແກ້ໄຂ ບໍໍ່ໃຫ້ຄາຍ້ອນນິຕິກໍາ... "); 2 4. ມະຕິ ກອງປະຊຸມໃຫຍ່ຜູ້ແທນຂອງອົງຄະນະພັກກະຊວງກະສິກໍາ ແລະ ປ່າໄມ້ ຄັັ້ງທີ VI; 5. ມະຕິ ຂອງສະພາແຫ່ງຊາດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 098/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 28 ມິຖຸນາ 2018 ວ່າດ້ວຍ ແຜນແມ່ບົດຈັດສັນທີື່ດິນແຫ່ງຊາດ ຮອດປີ 2030; 6. ມະຕິ ຂອງສະພາແຫ່ງຊາດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 03/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 10 ສິງຫາ 2021 ວ່າດ້ວຍ ການຮັບຮອງເອົາວາລະແຫ່ງຊາດ ກ່ຽວ ກັບ ການແກ້ໄຂຄວາມຫຍຸ້ງຍາກດ້ານເສດຖະກິດ-ການເງິນ (ຂໍໍ້ 10 ກໍານົດນະໂຍບາຍສົັ່ງເສີມຈຸນລະວິສາຫະກິດຂະໜາດນ້ອຍຂະ ໜາດກາງ ໃຫ້ຈະແຈ້ງ ແລະ ເປັນຮູບປະທໍາຫຼາຍຂ ັ້ນ ເປັນຕົັ້ນ ການເຂົັ້າເຖິງແຫ່ງທ ນດອກເບ້ຍຕໍໍ່າ, ການຊອກຫາຕະຫຼາດຈໍາໜ່ າຍ, ການສ້າງຕ່ອງໂສ້ການຜະລິດ); 7. ມະຕິ ຂອງລັດຖະບານ ເລກທີ 07/ລບ, ລົງວັນທີ 04 ຕຸລາ 2021 ວ່າດ້ວຍການແບ່ງຄວາມຮັບຜິດຊອບ ໃນການຈັດຕັັ້ງຜັນ ຂະຫຍາຍມະຕິຂອງ ສະພາແຫ່ງຊາດ; 8. ແຜນດໍາເນີນງານ ຂອງກະຊວງກະສິກໍາ ແລະ ປ່າໄມ້ ສະບັບເລກທີ 0734/ກປ, ລົງວັນທີ 16 ທັນວາ 2021 ກ່ຽວກັບ ການຈັດຕັັ້ງ ຜ ັນຂະຫຍາຍວາລະແຫ່ງຊາດ ກ່ຽວກັບ ການແກ້ໄຂຄວາມ ຫຍຸ້ງຍາກດ້ານເສດຖະກິດ-ການເງິນ (ກໍານົດນະໂຍບາຍ ແລະ ນິຕິ ກໍາຕ່າງໆ ຕາມທິດການຜະລິດທັນສະໄໝ, ສະອາດ, ປອດໄພ ແລະ ເປັນມິດຕໍໍ່ສິື່ງແວດລ້ອມ); 9. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍກະສິກໍາ ສະບັບເລກທີ 01/98 ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 10 ຕຸລາ 1998; 10. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍການປ້ອງກັນ ແລະ ການກັກກັນພ ດ ສະບັບ ເລກທ ີ13/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 15 ພະຈິກ 2016; 3 11. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍການສົັ່ງເສີມການລົງທ ນ ສະບັບເລກທີ 14/ ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 07 ພະຈິກ 2016; 12. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍພາສີ ສະບັບເລກທີ 81/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 29 ມິຖຸນາ 2020; 13. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍອາກອນມູນຄ່າເພິື່ມ ສະບັບເລກທີ 48/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 20 ມິຖຸນາ 2018; 14. ກົດໝາຍ ວ່າດ້ວຍການສົັ່ງເສີມວິສາຫະກິດຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ແລະ ກາງ ສະບັບເລກທີ 11/ສພຊ, ລົງວັນທີ 21 ທັນວາ 2011; 15. ດໍາລັດ ວ່າດ້ວຍການຄຸ້ມຄອງຢາປາບສັດຕູພ ດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 258/ລບ, ລົງວັນທີ 24 ສິງຫາ 2017; 16. ດໍາລັດ ວ່າດ້ວຍແນວພັນພ ດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 238/ລບ, ລົງວັນທີ 18 ພ ດສະພາ 2020; 17. ດໍາລັດ ວ່າດ້ວຍກຸ່ມ ແລະ ສະຫະກອນ ສະບັບເລກທີ 606/ລບ ລົງວັນທີ 26 ພະຈິກ 2020; 18. ດໍາລັດ ວ່າດ້ວຍກອງທ ນສົັ່ງເສີມ ວິສະຫະກິດຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ແລະ ກາງ ສະບັບເລກທີ 299/ລບ, ລົງວັນທີ 04 ກັນຍາ 2019; 19. ຄໍາສັ ັ່ງ ຂອງນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີ ວ່າດ້ວຍການອໍານວຍຄວາມ ສະດວກໃຫ້ແກ່ການນໍາເຂົັ້າ-ສົັ່ງອອກ, ການນໍາເຂົັ້າຊົັ່ວຄາວ, ການ ຜ່ານແດນ ແລະ ການເຄ ື່ອນຍ້າຍສິນຄ້າຢູ່ ສປປ ລາວ ສະບັບເລກ ທີ 12/ນຍ, ລົງວັນທີ 16 ຕຸລາ 2019; 20. ຂໍໍ້ຕົກລົງ ວ່າດ້ວຍມາດຕະການສູຂານາໄມພ ດ ສໍາລັບ ການນໍາເຂົັ້າ ແລະ ສົັ່ງຜ່ານ ພ ດ, ຜະລິດຕະພັນພ ດ ແລະ ວັດຖຸຕ້ອງຄວບຄຸມ ສະບັບເລກທີ 2985/ກປ, ລົງວັນທີ 28 ມິຖຸນາ 2020; 4 21. ຂໍໍ້ຕົກລົງ ວ່າດ້ວຍມາດຕະການສຸຂານາໄມພ ດ ສໍາລັບ ການສົັ່ງ ອອກ ແລະ ສົັ່ງອອກຕໍໍ່, ພ ດ, ຜະລິດຕະພັນພ ດ ແລະ ວັດຖຸຕ້ອງ ຄວບຄຸມ ສະບັບເລກທີ 2986/ກປ ລົງວັນທີ 28 ມິຖຸນາ 2019; 22. ຂໍ ໍ້ຕ ົກລົງ ວ່າດ້ວຍມາດຕະຖານກະສິກໍາອິນຊີ ສະບັບເລກທີ 1393/ກປ, ລົງວັນທີ 11 ເມສາ 2022; 23. ຂໍໍ້ຕົກລົງ ວ່າດ້ວຍມາດຕະຖານກະສິກໍາທີື່ດີ ກ່ຽວກັບ ຄວາມປອດ ໄພຂອງຜົນຜະລິດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 3004/ກປ, ລົງວັນທີ 15 ມິຖຸນາ 2022; 24. ຄໍາແນະນໍາ ກ່ຽວກັບ ການໃຫ້ນະໂຍບາຍສົັ່ງເສີມການລົງທ ນດາ້ນ ອາກອນກໍາໄລ ແລະ ດ້ານຄ່າເຊົັ່າ ຫຼ ສໍາປະທານທີື່ດິນຂອງລັດ ສະບັບເລກທີ 0760/ກຜທ, ລົງວັນທີ 14 ພ ດສະພາ 2021. ສະໜບັສະໜູນການຈດັພີມໂດຍສະໜບັສະໜູນການຈດັພີມໂດຍ ໂຄງການ ສາ້ງຄວາມເຊື່ ອມໂຍງເພື່ ອຂະຫຍາຍເຄອືຂ່າຍກະສກິາໍ (ໂຄງການ ຄລນີ)ໂຄງການ ສາ້ງຄວາມເຊື່ ອມໂຍງເພື່ ອຂະຫຍາຍເຄອືຂ່າຍກະສກິາໍ (ໂຄງການ ຄລນີ) C L E A N P r o j e c t