Aid to Navigation Act

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS ACT Wholly Amended by Act No. 8627, Aug. 3, 2007 Amended by Act No. 8819, Dec. 27, 2007 Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008 Act No. 9401, Jan. 30, 2009 Act No. 9773, jun. 9, 2009 Act No. 9855, Dec. 29, 2009 Act No. 10219, Mar. 31, 2010 Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010 Act No. 10272, Apr. 15, 2010 Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013 Act No. 12220, Jan. 7, 2014 Act No. 12487, Mar. 18, 2014 Act No. 12659, May 21, 2014 Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014 Act No. 13273, Mar. 27, 2015 Article 1 (Purpose) The purpose of this Act is to contribute to securing the safety of marine transportation and improving the efficiency of navigation of ships by installing navigational aids and managing the same in a reasonable and efficient manner. Article 2 (Definitions) (1) The terms used in this Act shall be defined as follows: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. The term "navigational aids" means lighthouses, light beacons, standing beacons, buoys, fog signals, radio beacons, special signal beacons, etc., serving as beacons for ships navigating harbors, bays, straits, interior waters, territorial waters and exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Korea by means of lamp light, shapes, colors, sound, radio waves, etc.; 2. The term "differential global positioning system" means a system providing users with differential information obtained by reflecting information on the state of a satellite for global positioning and its orbit in global positioning information acquired through satellite-based global positioning systems (hereinafter referred to as "differential global positioning information"); 3. The term "facilities attached to navigational aids" means each of the following facilities attached to navigational aids despite whether a manager for navigational aids actually resides therein: (a) Access roads to navigational aids; (b) Buildings used as navigational aids offices, living quarters, power houses, warehouses, etc. (referring to buildings pursuant to Article 2 (1) 2 of the Building Act); (c) Building equipment installed in buildings referred to in item (b) (referring to building equipment pursuant to Article 2 (1) 3 of the Building Act); 4. The term "change of the current status" means to cease to use a navigational aid or to change the position thereof; 5. The term "change of appearance" means to change the appearance of a navigational aid prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, such as name, color and structure. (2) The types of navigational aids shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 3 (Formulation and Execution of Plans on Development of Navigational Aids) (1) In order to create a safe and efficient marine transportation environment, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall formulate and execute a master plan on the development of navigational aids (hereinafter referred to as "master plan") every ten years. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) Every master plan shall include the following: 1. Basic direction and objectives of the development of navigational aids; 2. Technical research on the development of navigational aids; 3. A plan for investment in the development of navigational aids; 4. International cooperation for the development of navigational aids; 5. Other matters necessary for the development of navigational aids. (3) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall examine the appropriateness of a master plan every five years and adjust it accordingly. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may, where deemed necessary to modify a master plan due to changes in the marine environment or the introduction of a new type of navigational aids, modify the plan. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (5) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall formulate and execute an action plan on the development of navigational aids every year in accordance with a master plan. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 4 (Promotion, etc. of International Exchange and Cooperation) (1) In order to ensure the international reliability of navigational aids and to promote technological developments related thereto, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may take measures necessary for the promotion of international exchange and cooperation, such as sharing information on and joint investigation into and research on navigational aids with the relevant international organizations and foreign governments, organizations, etc. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to install and manage a new navigational aid or change its appearance, he/she shall comply with internationally recognized sizes and standards. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 5 (Installation and Management of Navigational Aids) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall install and manage navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall secure and maintain necessary facilities and equipment, such as equipment for manufacturing and repairing navigational aids and ships, for installation and management of navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries has determined the standards for the functions and sizes of navigational aids, he/she shall publicly announce them. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any person who has obtained permission from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries for regular use of navigational aids, for his/her business or operations only, in accordance with Presidential Decree may install and manage navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 6 (Installation and Operation of Differential Global Positioning System) (1) In order to ensure the safe navigation of ships and to provide convenience for users of positioning information (excluding the aviation field and the survey field prescribed by Presidential Decree; hereafter the same shall apply in this Article), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall install and operate the differential global positioning system, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall take measures necessary for providing and managing the differential global positioning information and security countermeasures therefor and may promote the technical development of the differential global positioning system and give support necessary for such technical development. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries installs and operates the differential global positioning system to provide positioning information in the territory of the Republic of Korea, he/she shall, in advance, consult with the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 7 (Installation and Operation of Special Signal Beacons) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may install and operate special signal beacons, such as marine weather signal beacons, tidal current signal beacons, automatic position identification signal beacons, on the waters where marine accidents are occurring frequently or are likely to occur due to the volume of vessel traffic, marine weather conditions, tidal currents, etc., and may provide the relevant information in real time. In such cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall prioritize installing and operating special signal beacons on the waters prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12659, May 21, 2014; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014> (2) Necessary matters, such as detailed methods of the installation and operation of special signal beacons pursuant to paragraph (1), shall be determined and publicly announced by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 8 (Duty to Install and Manage Navigational Aids) (1) Where a ship sinks or runs aground in the waters used for ship navigation, the owner of such ship shall install navigational aids necessary for smooth navigation of other ships and then report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) Any person who intends to perform construction works, such as dredging, reclamation, building of structures, in the waters used for ship navigation shall install and manage navigational aids with the permission of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Necessary matters concerning the boundary of waters, the types and sizes of ships and construction works, methods for installing and managing navigational aids under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 9 (Permission, Authorization, etc. Deemed Granted) (1) When a person has obtained permission for installation and management of navigational aids pursuant to Article 5 (4) or 8 (2), or has installed navigational aids pursuant to Article 8 (1), he/she shall be deemed to have obtained the permission or authorization, or have filed the report, referred to in the following subparagraphs: <Amended by Act No. 8819, Dec. 27, 2007; Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> 1. Permission for the occupation and use, or use of public waters under Article 8 of the Public Waters Management and Reclamation Act and the approval for or reporting of an action plan under Article 17 of the same Act; 2. Permission for the occupation and use of a river under Article 33 of the River Act. (2) Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to grant permission for installation and management of navigational aids pursuant to Article 5 (4) or 8 (2), he/she shall, in advance, consult with the heads of the relevant administrative agencies on matters falling under any subparagraphs of paragraph (1). <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) When the owner of a ship has installed navigational aids pursuant to Article 8 (1), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall, in advance, consult with the heads of the relevant administrative agencies on matters falling under any subparagraphs of paragraph (1) before granting a confirmation of the completion pursuant to Article 13 (2). <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) When the head of the relevant administrative agency who has the authority to grant permission or authorization or to accept a report pursuant to the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) has determined standards, procedures, etc. for handling such permission, authorization or report, he/she shall promptly notify the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries of the details thereof. The same shall apply to any modification of the notified matters. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (5) When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries has been notified of the handling standards, procedures, etc. pursuant to paragraph (4), he/she shall compile and publicly announce them. The same shall apply to any modification of the publicly announced matters. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 10 (Installation and Management of Navigational Aids on behalf of Others) (1) Any person who is obliged to install and manage navigational aids pursuant to Article 8 (1) and (2) may request the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries to install and manage navigational aids on his/her behalf on condition that he/she bears the expenses incurred in connection with the installation and management thereof, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) Where personal details, such as the name, whereabouts, etc. of the owner of a ship sunken or run aground are unknown, among persons obliged to install and manage navigational aids pursuant to Article 8 (1), or the installation and management of navigational aids are deemed impossible on other grounds, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may install and manage navigational aids for the safe navigation of ships and charge their owners for expenses incurred therein. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Necessary matters, such as the method of calculating expenses incurred in installing and managing navigational aids to be borne by a person obliged to install and manage navigational aids, shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 11 (Public Announcement of Navigational Aids) When a new navigational aid is installed, or the current status or appearance of a navigational aid is changed, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall publicly announce such fact, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 12 (Reporting, etc.) When anyone finds the lights-out, loss, sinking, destruction, or change in the position of a navigational aid, or other accidents with regard to a navigational aid resulting from a natural disaster, ship collision or other causes, he/she shall report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, the head of an agency under the Ministry, or the head of a coast guard station. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014> Article 13 (Management of Private Navigational Aids) (1) The owner of a navigational aid installed by a person other than the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries pursuant to Article 5 (4) or 8 (1) and (2) (hereinafter referred to as "private navigational aid") shall have a person who is in charge of the management of such private navigational aid (hereinafter referred to as "navigational aid manager") and the facilities required for the management of such private navigational aid: Provided, That the foregoing shall not apply when he/she entrusts a person who has obtained registration of the entrusted navigational aid management business (hereinafter referred to as "entrusted manager") under Article 14 with the management thereof. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) When the owner of a private navigational aid has installed a private navigational aid, he/she shall promptly obtain a confirmation of the completion thereof from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) When the owner of a private navigational aid intends to transfer the relevant navigational aid to another person, he/she shall report such intent to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) When the owner of a private navigational aid has entrusted an entrusted manager with the management of the private navigational aid pursuant to the proviso to paragraph (1), he/she shall report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (5) The owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid shall always take due care of the private navigational aid to prevent malfunctioning. (6) When a cause attributable to the owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid or a normally anticipated cause results in malfunctioning of the private navigational aid, such as lights-out, loss, sinking, destruction and change in the position, or any disruptions in marine transportation, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order the owner or entrusted manager to take necessary measures for removal of such obstacles within a specified period. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 14 (Registration of Entrusted Navigational Aid Management Business) Any person who intends to engage in the business of managing private navigational aids on an entrustment basis (hereinafter referred to as "entrusted navigational aid management business") shall obtain registration from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries after satisfying the registration standards prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as the qualifications for and the number of navigational aid managers, facilities and capital, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. The same shall apply to any modification of registered matters. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 15 (Disqualification Grounds, etc.) (1) No person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall serve as a navigational aid manager or an entrusted manager: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013; Act No. 12487, Mar. 18, 2014> 1. A minor, an incompetent under the adult guardianship or a quasi-incompetent under the limited guardianship; 2. A person in whose case three years have not passed since his/her imprisonment with labor declared by a court by reason of violation of this Act or Article 186 of the Criminal Act was completely executed (including cases where the execution is deemed to have been completed) or exempted; 3. A person who is under suspension of the execution of sentence declared by a court by reason of violation of this Act or Article 186 of the Criminal Act; 4. A person in whose case two years have not passed since his/her registration was cancelled pursuant to Article 18; 5. A corporation the representative of which falls under any of subparagraphs 1 through 4. (2) When a navigational aid manager has violated this Act or any order issued under this Act in performing his/her management duties, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may request the owner or entrusted manager of the relevant private navigational aid to take necessary corrective measures, such as suspending, for a period not exceeding six months, the duties of or replacing the navigational aid manager, in accordance with Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12220, Jan. 7, 2014> (3) When the owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid is requested to take corrective measures under paragraph (2), he/she shall comply with such request unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. (4) Detailed standards for the suspension of business under paragraph (2) and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12220, Jan. 7, 2014> Article 16 (Succession to Rights and Duties) (1) When an entrusted manager transfers his/her business to another person or dies, or when there is a merger of corporations, his/her successor, transferee or the corporation that survives the merger, or a corporation newly established by the merger shall succeed to the rights and duties following such registration. (2) Any person who takes over the whole facilities and equipment of an entrusted manager in an auction under the Civil Execution Act, realization under the Debtor Rehabilitation and Bankruptcy Act, sale of seized property under the National Tax Collection Act, the Customs Act or the Framework Act on Local Taxes, and other procedures corresponding thereto shall succeed to the rights and duties following the registration. <Amended by Act No. 10219, Mar. 31, 2010> (3) Any person who succeeds to rights and duties pursuant to paragraph (1) shall report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries within 30 days from the date on which he/she succeeds to such rights and duties, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) Article 15 (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the succession under paragraphs (1) and (2). Article 17 (Reporting of Commencement, etc. of Business) When an entrusted manager intends to commence, suspend or close his/her business, he/she shall, in advance, report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. The same shall apply when he/she intends to resume business after the suspension of business. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 18 (Cancellation of Registration, etc. of Entrusted Navigational Aid Management Business) (1) When an entrusted manager falls under any of the following subparagraphs, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may cancel his/her registration of entrusted navigational aid management business or issue an order to suspend business with a fixed period not exceeding one year: Provided, That when he/she falls under any of subparagraphs 1 through 3, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall cancel such registration: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. When he/she has obtained the registration of the entrusted navigational aid management business by fraud or other improper means; 2. When he/she has lent his/her certificate of registration of entrusted navigational aid management business to another person; 3. When he/she falls under any subparagraphs of Article 15 (1): Provided, That this shall not apply where he/she falls under any of Article 15 (1) 1 through 5 as a result of inheritance or the representative of a corporation falls under Article 15 (1) 5 and the relevant ground for disqualification ceases to exist within three months; 4. When he/she fails to meet the standards for registration of an entrusted navigational aid management business under the former part of Article 14; 5. When he/she changes registered matters without filing registration of changes, in violation of the latter part of Article 14; 6. When he/she has commenced, suspended or resumed business without reporting the commencement, suspension or resumption of business, in violation of Article 17; 7. When he/she fails to commence business within one year from the date of registration without good cause. (2) When the registration of an entrusted navigational aid management business is cancelled or business is suspended pursuant to paragraph (1), the entrusted manager shall notify the owner of the relevant private navigational aid of such fact. (3) Necessary matters concerning the detailed standards and procedures for the disposition under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 19 (Continuation of Business of Entrusted Manager whose Registration Has Been Cancelled or Business Has Been Suspended) (1) Any entrusted manager subjected to a disposition of the cancellation of registration or the suspension of entrusted navigational aid management business pursuant to Article 18 may continue to engage in the entrusted management business contracted before such disposition is issued, for up to three months. (2) Where a person subjected to a disposition of the cancellation of registration or the suspension of entrusted navigational aid management business pursuant to Article 18 continues to engage in the entrusted management business pursuant to paragraph (1), he/she shall be deemed an entrusted manager under this Act until the entrusted management business is completed within the period under paragraph (1). Article 20 (Reporting and Confirmation) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may require the owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid to submit or report data necessary for the management and operation of the navigational aid, and allow relevant public officials to enter the management office of the private navigational aid, facilities attached thereto and other places to investigate the actual conditions of the management of the navigational aid or whether he/she meets the registration standards or to examine books and other documents. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) The relevant public officials entering the management office, etc. pursuant to paragraph (1) shall carry a certificate indicating his/her authority and present it to interested persons. (3) Any person who intends to enter management office, etc. to investigate the actual management conditions, etc. or to examine books and other documents pursuant to paragraph (1) shall notify the owner or entrusted manager of the purpose, date, period, etc. of his/her entry in writing seven days prior to the entry. Article 21 (Order, etc. for Removal or Demolition) (1) When deemed necessary to ensure the safety of marine transportation in addition to preventing malfunctioning of a private navigational aid or disruptions to marine transportation under Article 13 (6), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order the owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid to remove or demolish the relevant navigational aid or to take other necessary measures within a specified period. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) When deemed especially necessary for the safe marine transportation, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may directly manage private navigational aids or expropriate the same, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 22 (Change of Current Status of Private Navigational Aids) (1) When the owner of a private navigational aid intends to change the current status of the navigational aid, he/she shall obtain permission from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That when he/she intends to discontinue the private navigational aid because the purpose of its installation no longer exists, he/she shall, in advance, report such intent to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries grants the owner permission to change the position of a private navigational aid among permitted matters concerning change of the current status under paragraph (1), he/she shall ascertain whether the position after change is suitable for the safety of marine transportation and confirm the type and size of the navigational aid to be installed. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) The owner or entrusted manager of a private navigational aid shall, when there is a change in the appearance of the private navigational aid he/she owns or manages, immediately report such fact to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 23 (Prohibition of Damaging Navigational Aids) No one shall damage a navigational aid. Article 24 (Restrictions on Light, etc.) (1) No one shall use light or sound that is likely to be mistaken for a navigational aid. (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order a person who commits any act under paragraph (1) or intends to do so to stop using light or sound or order him/her to take other necessary measures so that it is not mistaken for a navigational aid. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 25 (Restrictions on Construction, etc.) (1) Any person who intends to construct a building, salvage sunken objects, install light or sound facilities, perform other construction works or types of work that is likely to cause disturbance in the functioning of navigational aids shall take necessary measures to prevent such disturbance. (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order a person who has title to the construction works or types of work under paragraph (1) to take necessary measures to prevent disturbance in the functioning of navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 26 (Restrictions on Installation of Structures, etc.) (1) No one shall install a structure, plant a plant, or build other facilities (hereinafter referred to as "structures, etc.") that obstruct or are likely to obstruct the view of navigational aids in the vicinity of navigational aids. (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order a person who has title to structures, etc. built or planted in violation of paragraph (1) to eliminate or relocate the relevant part of the relevant structures, etc. causing disturbance to navigational aids, or to take other necessary measures. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) In the event that navigational aids are already installed, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order a person who has title to such structures, etc. to eliminate or relocate the relevant part causing disturbance or to take other necessary measures, where he/she deems that existing structures, etc. obstruct or are likely to obstruct the view of the relevant navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 27 (Restrictions on Ships) (1) No one shall navigate a ship (including floating dock, raft, any other structure similar thereto; hereinafter the same shall apply) close to a navigational aid to the extent likely to cause damage to the navigational aid. (2) No one shall moor a ship to a navigational aid. (3) No one shall anchor or stop a ship at a place where the ship obstructs the view of a navigational aid or is likely to touch a navigational aid. (4) When a navigational aid is damaged during navigation, the captain of the relevant ship shall immediately report the place and details of the damage and measures taken to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, the head of an agency under the Ministry, or the head of a coast guard station. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014> Article 28 (Protection of Navigational Aids) (1) No one shall conduct any of the following acts that are likely to damage a navigational aid: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. Scribbling on a navigational aid; 2. Throwing an object at a navigational aid; 3. Dumping soil and stone, gravel, sand, garbage or other waste matter at a navigational aid; 4. Other acts prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries as likely to make a navigational aid dirty or damage the same. (2) No one shall commit any of the following acts likely to cause disturbance in the functioning of a navigational aid without good cause: 1. Going up a navigational aid; 2. Catching, gathering, or cultivating marine animals and plants at a navigational aid, such as fishing; 3. Gathering soil and stone, gravel or sand at a place likely to affect the functioning of a navigational aid. Article 29 (Restoration Obligation) (1) Any person who has damaged a navigational aid (excluding a private navigational aid, and including cases where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries installs and manages the same on behalf of others pursuant to Article 10 and cases where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries directly manages or expropriates a navigational aid pursuant to Article 21 (2); hereafter the same shall apply in this Article) or facilities attached to a navigational aid shall restore them to original condition at his/her own expense. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) When a person who has the obligation for restoration to orignal condition pursuant to paragraph (1) fails to perform his/her obligation without good cause, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall issue an order for restoration to original condition with a specified period. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Where a person who has received an order for restoration to original condition under paragraph (2) fails to carry out the order, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may conduct the vicarious execution under the Administrative Vicarious Execution Act. In such cases, a person who has damaged the relevant navigational aid or facilities attached to the navigational aid shall bear the expenses incurred in the vicarious execution. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) Necessary matters concerning the period, method, etc. of the restoration to original condition under paragraphs (2) and (3) shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 30 (Development, etc. of Equipment and Supplies) (1) In order to improve the functions of navigational aids and user convenience, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may designate and publicly announce navigational aid equipment and supplies to which new technology has been applied. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) In order to standardize the functions and sizes of navigational aid equipment and supplies, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may determine their standards. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may wholly or partially subsidize development expenses for any person who intends to develop the equipment and supplies designated and publicly announced pursuant to paragraph (1) within budgetary limits. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries deems the quality of navigational aid equipment and supplies excellent, he/she may encourage their use, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 31 (Inspection, etc. of Equipment and Supplies) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may conduct a pre-service inspection, regular inspection and inspection for change with regard to the functioning of the equipment and supplies as navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) Necessary matters concerning the details of inspection by type and the equipment and supplies subject to the inspection under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) No one shall use equipment or supplies that have failed to pass the inspection under paragraph (1). Article 32 (Performance of Inspection on behalf of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may require an inspection agency designated in accordance with the standards and procedures prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (hereinafter referred to as "inspection agency") to perform the inspection of the functioning of equipment and supplies under Article 31 (1) on his/her behalf. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) Notwithstanding Article 32 of the State Property Act, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may allow an agency designated as an inspection agency pursuant to paragraph (1) to use facilities for manufacturing, testing and inspecting navigational aids free of charge. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 9401, Jan. 30, 2009; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) When an inspection agency designated pursuant to paragraph (1) intends to suspend or close its inspection business, it shall report such intent to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries by no later than 30 days before the intended date of business suspension or closure, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may, in order to ascertain whether an inspection agency is operated in compliance with the designation standards under paragraph (1), require the inspection agency to submit necessary materials and allow relevant public officials to enter the office of the inspection agency or the place of inspection to check on facilities, etc. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (5) Article 20 (2) and (3) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the inspection and entry under paragraph (4). (6) Matters necessary for the guidance and supervision of an inspection agency shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 33 (Fees) Where an inspection agency performs affairs concerning inspection on behalf of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries under this Act, it may collect inspection fees with the approval of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 34 (Cancellation of Designation, etc. of Inspection Agencies) When an inspection agency falls under any of the following, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may cancel its designation or order it to suspend the performance of inspection on his/her behalf for up to six months: Provided, That where it falls under subparagraph 1, he/she shall cancel such designation: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013> 1. When it is designated as an inspection agency by fraud or other improper means; 2. When it fails to meet the designation standards pursuant to Article 32 (1); 2-2. When it fails to submit materials under Article 32 (4), submit materials containing false information, or refuses, obstructs or evades entry by relevant public officials; 3. When it refuses or evades inspection without good cause; 4. When it poorly conducts inspection by intention or gross negligence. Article 35 (Conservation, Management, etc. of Navigational Aids) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall conserve and manage navigational aids with historic value, facilities attached thereto, and other equipment. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may establish and operate a museum related to navigational aids (hereinafter referred to as "museum") and a marine cultural center in order to inform people of how the navigational aids have changed over time from both historical and cultural perspectives, including their functions and importance. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (3) Necessary matters concerning the method of conserving and managing navigational aids and the establishment and operation of a museum and a marine cultural center under paragraph (1) and (2) shall be determined and publicly announced by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 36 (Compensation for Loss) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall compensate for losses incurred pursuant to Article 21 or 26 (3). <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (2) The compensation under paragraph (1) shall be made in accordance with the following standards: 1. In cases referred to in Article 21 (1), expenses normally incurred in removing or demolishing the relevant navigational aid and taking other necessary measures: Provided, That in cases of demolition, the amount including the amount equivalent to the salvage value of the relevant navigational aid; 2. In cases of expropriating a navigational aid under Article 21 (2), the amount remaining after deduction of the amount equivalent to the amount of depreciation of the relevant navigational aid from expenses normally incurred in installing the relevant navigational aid; 3. In cases referred to in Article 26 (3), expenses normally incurred in removing or transplanting structures, etc. that cause disturbance or taking other necessary measures, and the amount equivalent to the amount of loss in the relevant structures, etc. calculated on the basis of the market value. (3) Any person who intends to receive compensation pursuant to paragraph (2) shall submit an application, stating the amount he/she intends to receive in compensation, to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (4) When an application is submitted to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries pursuant to paragraph (3), he/she shall promptly decide the amount of compensation. In such cases, he/she shall, in advance, notify the relevant applicant of the date and place to hear his/her statement in accordance with Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (5) Any person who is dissatisfied with the decision referred to in paragraph (4) may file a petition for adjudication with the competent Land Tribunal. (6) Except as otherwise provided for in this Act, the Act on Acquisition of and Compensation for Land, etc. for Public Works Projects shall apply mutatis mutandis to the compensation for losses under paragraphs (1) through (4). Article 37 (Hearings) When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to make any of the following dispositions, he/she shall hold a hearing: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. Cancellation of the registration of entrusted navigational aid management business under Article 18; 2. Cancellation of the designation of an inspection agency under Article 34. Article 38 (Payment of Charges for Using Navigational Aids) (1) Ships having access to a trade port pursuant to subparagraph 2 of Article 2 of the Harbor Act shall pay charges for using navigational aids: Provided, That ships prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as ships owned by the State or a local government and ships calling at a port in order to avoid a disaster at sea, may be exempted from all or pat of the charges for using navigational aids. <Amended by Act No. 9773, Jun. 9, 2009> (2) Necessary matters concerning the amount of charges imposed for using navigational aids and the method of imposing such charges and the procedures for the collection thereof shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 39 (Establishment of Korea Association of Aids to Navigation) (1) The Korea Association of Aids to Navigation (hereinafter referred to as the "Association") shall be established for the technical development of navigational aids and the efficient management of facilities related to navigational aids. (2) The Association shall be a corporation. (3) The Association shall conduct the following projects: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. Investigation, research and marketing relating to navigational aids; 2. International cooperation and the collection, analysis and offering of technical information related to navigational aids; 3. Research, development and inspection of navigational aid equipment and supplies; 4. Any other projects prescribed by the articles of association, such as the projects entrusted by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. (4) Necessary matters concerning matters to be stated in the articles of association and operation of the Association shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. (5) Where necessary for the supervision over the Association, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may require the Association to report matters concerning its business or order it to submit materials, and require a public official under his/her jurisdiction to inspect its business. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> (6) The State may subsidize expenses incurred by the Association in carrying out the projects under paragraph (3) within budgetary limits. (7) Where necessary for the operation of the Association, notwithstanding the State Property Act and the Commodity Management Act, the State may lend State property and goods to the Association free of charge, or allow it to use or benefit from State property and goods. <Amended by Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> (8) Necessary matters concerning the details, conditions of and procedures for lending, using, or benefiting from State property and goods under paragraph (7) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> (9) Except as provided for in this Act, the provisions governing incorporated associations of the Civil Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Association. <Amended by Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> Article 40 (Delegation and Entrustment of Authority) (1) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may delegate part of his/her authority under this Act to the head of an agency under his/her jurisdiction, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014> (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may entrust the Association with the following business affairs, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> 1. Manufacturing and repair of navigational aids prescribed by Presidential Decree; 2. Management and operation of the museum and the marine cultural center under Article 35 (2). Article 41 (Deemed Public Official in Application of Penalty Provisions) The executive officers and employees of an inspection agency under Article 32 and persons engaged in the entrusted business affairs under Article 40 (2) shall be deemed public officials in the application of penalty provisions under Articles 129 through 132 of the Criminal Act. Article 42 (Penalty Provisions) Any of the following persons shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than one year or by a fine not exceeding ten million won: <Amended by Act No. 13273, Mar. 27, 2015> 1. A person who installs and manages a navigational aid without obtaining permission in violation of Article 5 (4); 2. A person who conducts an entrusted navigational aid management business without registration in violation of the forepart of Article 14; 3. A person who damages a navigational aid and who fails to report it, in violation of Article 27 (4). Article 43 (Penalty Provisions) Any person who falls under any of the following shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two million won: 1. A person who fails to perform his/her duty to install and report a navigational aid, in violation of Article 8 (1); 2. A person who installs and manages a navigational aid without obtaining permission, in violation of Article 8 (2); 3. A person who does not have a navigational aid manager and facilities required for the management of navigational aids, in violation of the main sentence of Article 13 (1); 4. A person who changes registered matters without registration of change, in violation of the latter part of Article 14; 5. A person who changes the current status of a private navigational aid without obtaining permission or discontinue a private navigational aid without reporting, in violation of Article 22 (1); 6. A person who moors, anchors or stops a ship, in violation of Article 27 (2) or (3); 7. A person who conducts an act falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 28 (2). Article 44 (Administrative Fines) (1) Any person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall be imposed an administrative fine not exceeding one million won: 1. A person who fails to obtain a confirmation of the completion, in violation of Article 13 (2); 2. A person who fails to report transfer or entrustment, in violation of Article 13 (3) or (4); 3. A person who fails to perform an order issued under Article 13 (6); 4. A person who fails to perform corrective measures without good cause, in violation of Article 15 (3); 5. A person who fails to report succession to rights and duties, in violation of Article 16 (3); 6. Deleted; <by Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013> 7. A person who fails to inform the owner of the relevant navigational aid of the cancellation of registration or the suspension of business, in violation of Article 18 (2); 8. A person who refuses to perform an order to submit materials or report, or interferes with or refuses entry, investigation or inspection under Article 20 (1); 9. A person who fails to perform an order issued under Article 21 (1); 10. A person who fails to file a report, in violation of Article 22 (3); 11. A person who fails to perform an order issued under Articles 24 (2), 25 (2) or 26 (2) and (3); 12. A person who commits an act falling under any subparagraphs of Article 28 (1); 13. A person who refuses, obstructs or evades a pre-service inspection, regular inspection or inspection for change under Article 31 (1); 14. A person who uses equipment or supplies that failed to pass an inspection, in violation of Article 31 (3); 15. A person who fails to report the suspension or closure of business, in violation of Article 32 (3); 16. Deleted. <by Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013> (2) The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall impose and collect the administrative fines under paragraph (1), as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008; Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013> (3) through (5) Deleted. <by Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> ADDENDA Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. Article 2 (Applicability concerning Restoration Obligation) The amended provisions of Article 29 shall apply beginning with the first act of causing damage to navigational aids or facilities attached thereto after this Act enters into force. Article 3 (General Transitional Measures) Dispositions rendered or other acts done by an administrative agency or various applications filed with or other acts done towards an administrative agency pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed acts done by an administrative agency or acts done towards an administrative agency, respectively, under this Act corresponding thereto. Article 4 (Transitional Measures concerning Differential Global Positioning System) The differential global positioning system installed and operated by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed to have been installed pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 6. Article 5 (Transitional Measures concerning Special Signal Beacons) The special signal beacons installed and operated by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed to have been installed pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 7. Article 6 (Transitional Measures concerning Dissatisfaction with Decision on Compensation for Losses) Notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 36 (5) and (6), the previous provisions shall apply to decisions on cases against which an administrative appeal has been filed pursuant to previous Article 14 (5) because he/she was dissatisfied with a decision regarding compensation for losses at the time this Act enters into force. Article 7 (Transitional Measures concerning Administrative Dispositions) The previous provisions shall apply to administrative dispositions rendered for offenses committed before this Act enters into force. Article 8 (Transitional Measures concerning Penalty Provisions and Administrative Fines) The previous provisions shall apply to penalty provisions and administrative fines for acts committed before this Act enters into force. Article 9 (Transitional Measures concerning the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation) (1) When the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation, an incorporated foundation established under the Civil Act (hereinafter referred to as the "Korea Association of Aids to Navigation"), has obtained approval for the succession to the status thereof from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries following resolution of the board of directors, at the time this Act enters into force, it shall be deemed the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39. (2) When the Korea Association of Aid to Navigation has obtained approval pursuant to paragraph (1), it shall, without delay, register the establishment of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39. In such cases, notwithstanding the provisions on the dissolution and liquidation of corporations under the Civil Act, the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation shall be deemed to have been dissolved. (3) In cases referred to in paragraph (1), assets, rights and duties of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation shall be deemed assets, rights and duties of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39, and the name of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation entered in the register concerning such assets, rights and duties and in other official books shall be deemed the name of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39. (4) The value of assets deemed to be possessed by the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established under the amended provisions of Article 39 pursuant to paragraph (3) shall be the book value on the day immediately preceding the date of registration of the establishment pursuant to paragraph (2). (5) In cases referred to in paragraph (1), acts done by the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation before this Act enters into force shall be deemed acts done by the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39, and acts done towards the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation shall be deemed acts done towards the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39. (6) In cases referred to in paragraph (1), executive officers and employees of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed to have been appointed as executives officers and employees of the Korea Association of Aids to Navigation established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 39. In such cases, the term of office of the executive officers shall be the remainder of the term of office pursuant to the articles of association of the previous Korea Association of Aids to Navigation, an incorporated foundation. Article 10 Omitted. Article 11 (Relationship with other Statutes) Where provisions of the previous Navigational Aids Act have been cited by other statutes at the time this Act enters into force, the relevant provisions of this Act shall be deemed to have been cited in lieu of the previous provisions, if such relevant provisions exist herein. ADDENDA <Act No. 8819, Dec. 27, 2007> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.) Articles 2 through 9 Omitted. ADDENDA <Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.) Articles 2 through 7 Omitted. ADDENDA <Act No. 9401, Jan. 30, 2009> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.) Articles 2 through 11 Omitted. ADDENDA <Act No. 9773, Jun. 9, 2009> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.) Articles 2 through 10 Omitted. ADDENDUM <Act No. 9855, Dec. 29, 2009> This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. ADDENDA <Act No. 10219, Mar. 31, 2010> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 2011. Articles 2 through 12 Omitted. ADDENDUM <Act No. 10270, Apr. 15, 2010> This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. ADDENDA <Act No. 10272, Apr. 15, 2010> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. Articles 2 through 14 Omitted. ADDENDA <Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) (1) This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. (2) Omitted. Articles 2 through 7 Omitted. ADDENDA <Act No. 11809, May 22, 2013> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. Article 2 (Transitional Measures concerning Administrative Fines) The former provisions shall apply when an administrative fine is imposed for an act committed before this Act enters into force. ADDENDA <Act No. 12220, Jan. 7, 2014> This Act shall enter into force three months after the date of its promulgation. ADDENDA <Act No. 12487, Mar. 18, 2014> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. Article 2 (Transitional Measures Concerning Incompetent) Incompetents under the adult guardianship and quasi-incompetents under the limited guardianship under the amended provisions of Article 15 (1) 1 (including provisions that apply mutatis mutandis in accordance with Article 16 (4)) shall be deemed to include persons who have been declared and are currently incompetent or quasi-incompetent under Article 2 of the Addenda to the amended Civil Act (Act No. 10429). ADDENDUM <Act No. 12659, May 21, 2014> This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. ADDENDA <Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014> Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation: Provided, That among the Acts amended in accordance with Article 6 of these Addenda, amendments to Acts, which were promulgated before this Act enters into force, but the dates on which they are to enter into force have yet to arrive, shall enter into force on the enforcement dates of the respective Acts. Articles 2 through 7 Omitted. ADDENDUM <Act No. 13273, Mar. 27, 2015> This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation.