Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012

Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 1 | P a g e MINISTRY OF PRIMARY INDUSTRY Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 9 December 2009 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FIJI This development plan is a direct response to Governments’ concerns on the rising import bills on food and diminishing exports. The plan specifically identified commodities for import substitution for the three year period and the mapped strategy for the department to achieve the objective. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 2 CONTENT PAGE 1.0 Introduction 3-4 1.1 Minister‟s Statement 5-6 1.2 Overview by Permanent Secretary 7 1.3 The situation of the Agriculture sector 8-13 2.0 Departmental overview 2.1 Key stakeholders 15 2.2 Key services 15 2.3 Risk management 16 2.4 Targeted programme 16 2.5 Strategic framework 16-17 2.6 Legislation 17-20 3.0 Development Perspective 3.1 Priority Outcome 22 3.2 Strategic Output 23-25 3.3 Imperatives 25-26 4.0 Objectives, Outputs and Priorities 4.1 Links to MDGs 28 4.2 Links to RDSSED 28 4.3 Links to RDSSED KPIs 28 4.4 Key Development targets 29 4.5 Forecasted Production Targets 30-31 4.6 Import Reduction approach 32-34 4.7 Export Promotion approach 35 5.0 DOA Intervention Programme and Planned Expenditure 5.1 Programme : Crops & Livestock 5.1.1 Extension 37-38 5.1.2 Research 39-42 5.1.3 Animal Health & Production 43-46 5.2 Programme: Support Services 5.2.1 General Administration 47 5.2.2 Economic Planning & Statistics 48-49 5.2.3 Quarantine Services 49-51 5.2.4 Land & Water Resources Management 52-54 5.2.5 Land Resource Planning & Development 54-55 5.2.6 Fiji College of Agriculture 56 6.0 Summary : Key Performance Areas for 2010-2012 57-62 7.0 Overview of Public Entities: 63 AMA CIDA YAQARA PASTORAL CO. LTD FOOD PROCESSORS REWA CO OP DAIRY CO. 8.0 Development partners 64-65 9.0 Completed Projects 66 10.0 List of reference 67 Appendix 1 Agriculture Problem Tree 2. Agricultural Target Production for 2010-2014 3. LWRM Land Drainage development plan 4.AH&P Import Reduction Strategy Short Term Plan 2010-2012 5.Organizational Structure Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 3 Introduction  Statement by Minister of Primary Industry  Overview by Permanent Secretary Agriculture  The situation of the Agriculture sector (Problem Analysis) Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 4 Joketani Cokanasiga (Minister of Primary Industry) Mason Smith (Permanent Secretary Agriculture) Viliame Naupoto (Permanent Secretary for Fisheries & Forest) Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 5 1.1 Statement by Minister of Primary Industry Agriculture continues to represent the principal economic mainstay of the country and quite often, is metaphorically referred to as its economic backbone though with reliance mainly on sugar. In addition, agriculture has the potential in other sectors such as tourism and agro-industries. As the major economic activity in the rural areas, agriculture plays an important role in the process of rural development. However, the agricultural sector now faces a big challenge in view of the reduction in sugar prices unless the sugar sector is reformed. Other challenge include expiry of land leases under the Agriculture, Landlord and Tenant Act depleting labour force due to lack of interest by the younger generation in tilling the land, rural to urban drift for better work opportunities, high dependency on processed food and among other things, the increasing relocation of resources to other industries such as tourism. Climate change is a new phenomenon that is also posing a threat to agricultural production Worldwide including Fiji. But amidst the reform of the sugar sector, we still need to diversify into high value non-sugar crop for export and domestic markets but specifically for the tourism sector. But the large volume of imports is largely due to the inability of local producers to find a profitable and a competitive marketing network to meet the demands of the tourism sector. Similarly, the agricultural sector has huge potential in the export markets. This market remains largely untapped due to the inability of the local producers to produce the required volume; quality regularity and safely requirement for fresh produce and processed products. To minimize these constraints, the Agriculture Department is committed to improve efficiency in its service delivery in a bid to develop the agriculture sector and in its quest to contribute to the national vision of “peaceful and prosperous Fiji, the Ministry will support Agriculture, Fisheries and Forests, the three major sectors which entails the portfolio of Primary Industries. The Department will be promoting demand driven approach as an integrated objective for all programs, aiming to enhance the livelihood of people in the rural areas and Outer Islands of Fiji. The immediate purpose is to increase market access opportunities and services that will enable beneficiaries in the rural areas and Outer Islands to exploit those opportunities. Over the years the rate of growth in agricultural production has stagnated and has not kept pace with the needs of a rapidly growing population, resulting in a progressive increase in import bills for food and industrial raw materials. The potential of the agri-business sector as a major employer of the growing labour force and an earner of foreign exchange has also been undermined. As a result, the large majority of Fiji‟s population many of whom live in rural areas continue with subsistence agriculture and low incomes. Under the SDP 2010-2012, agriculture development will be vigorously pursued, with the aim of achieving food security and reducing poverty one of the key pillars of the Charter for Rebuilding Fiji. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 6 The introduction of Rural and Outer Island Project (ROI), the Import Substitution Program (ISP), Export Promotion Program (EPP) and Dairy Industry Support programme (DIS) has taken on board new areas of challenges for the Ministry to undertake and there are set targets to achieve within the project duration. This should come about with commitments, accountability, honesty and transparency and it is envisaged that this document will direct the Ministry and its clients to bring about changes to the livelihood of our citizens. The Ministry‟s responsibilities include the facilitation of private sector involvement in the development of agribusiness, enhancement of tourism and agricultural linkages, promote security and ensure sound land management and development and among other things the capacity building of farmers to raise levels of productions from semi-commercial to commercial levels. With this in mind the Department has compiled a standard crop guide this crop guide compiled specifically for Fiji‟s Crop farmers provides information for the capacity building of our farmers, who upon successful adoption of the knowledge should be able to increase their agricultural productions. It is also intended for backyard gardeners, housewives, commercial farmers and all those with an interest in crop farming. The information contained in this book provides farmers with the simple basic skills required of them to produce high quality crops. Most of the recommendations given are the result of years of experiments by the Research Division of the Agriculture Ministry. Some crops are still to undergo the research process but are indulged because they are equally important and are part of our local food crops. It must however be remembered that this book is only a guide and therefore should not replace the expert advice of Food Specialists and Agricultural Field Officers. Nonetheless, it is my sincere hope that this Crop Guide will provide you with a better harvest. Therefore, this Strategic Development Plan (SDP) highlights strategic priorities and specific strategies to be implemented by the Department in order to achieve the broader sectored objectives, and is optimistic to help achieving the Millennium Development Goals, of providing matters of alleviation of poverty and food security for the people of Fiji. ……………………….. Joketani Cokanasiga Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 7 Mason Smith Permanent Secretary Agriculture Apisai Ucuboi Deputy Secretary (Agriculture Development) Tom Lee Deputy Secretary (Corporate Services & Planning) Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 8 1.2 Overview by Permanent Secretary Agriculture The Department‟s 2010-2012 Strategic Development Plan (SDP) encompasses those strategic priority goals and key development targets that the Government has indentified for the Agriculture Sector in Fiji. It takes into account the intent captured in the vision of the Peoples Charter for Change, Peace and Progress for “a better Fiji for all” and the journey that we now travel on, in the “Roadmap for Democracy and Sustainable Socio-Economic Development 2009-2014.” It also takes cognizance of Fiji‟s international commitments in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and other UN and International Conventions to which Fiji is a signatory. The yearly targets of the Department‟s SDP is further captured and detailed in the Department‟s 2010 Annual Corporate Plan. For these goals and key development targets to be met, there must be a paradigm shift by all stakeholders in how we view Agriculture in Fiji. Agriculture must be science based and market driven. Furthermore, and in addition to supporting our subsistence and small holder farmers, considerable effort must be made to encourage commercialization and mechanization of the Agriculture sector in Fiji. More importantly, the critical role that the private sector plays in the development of the Agricultural sector must be harnessed through Public Private Partnerships. The challenges are many; however, strategic issues which are currently being addressed by Government, such as the availability of arable agriculture land and security of tenure should assist in achieving production targets, thereby reducing our imports, increasing our exports, reducing poverty and achieving economic prosperity and food security for Fiji and her citizens. Addressing issues such as climate change, infrastructure development, diversification into bio-fuels etc will also require the close cooperation of other Government Ministries and Departments. Opportunities also exist; to improve policy and legislation that govern the Agriculture Sector to make it more responsive to the needs of stakeholders; to improve human resource capacity, to improve R&D, to improve market access, to improve productivity, to improve compliance and to enhance stakeholder partnerships. All these challenges and opportunities will require our dedicated efforts and continued commitments to the goals of the SDP. I commend the Department‟s 2010-2012 Strategic Development Plan to everyone and I look forward to working with you as your team leader. …………………… Mason Smith Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 9 1.3 The situation of the Agricultural sector (Problem Analysis) 1 Fiji is unique among the Pacific countries because the population is divided between two ethnic groups: Fijian and Indo Fijians. Their health and dietary pattern is different. Over 26 percent of the populations are engaged in subsistence or semi-subsistence agriculture and nearly 79 percent 2 of households grow foods for home consumption. There has been a constant decline in agricultural production due to restricted access to land by tenants Indo-Fijian farmers and constant migration to urban areas. The large subsistence production is the main strength in the sector which sustained food supply and probably why there have been no reports on household food shortage or food insufficiency. However, 35 percent of the population lives in poverty (40% in rural areas and 28% in the Northern Division) as measured by cash income. There has been a high dependence on import food and a preference on for cheap imported foods. 1.3.1 Agricultural Livelihood Table 1 gives Rural: Urban breakdown of the significance of income from agricultural business. Rural Fijian households derive some 18% of their income from this source, while rural Indo-Fijian households derive 25%. At the bottom 3 deciles, the relativity is reversed with Indo-Fijian deriving on 20% compared with 25% for Fijian. Table 1 Agricultural income as percent of total Household Income Deciles AE top Rural Fijian Rural Indo Fijian Rural Others Rural All Urban Fijian Urban Indo Fijian Urban Other Urban all Total All All 18 25 19 20 1 2 1 2 10 Bottom 3 25 20 22 23 5 3 1 4 17 (Adapted: 2002-03 HIE Survey report by Dr W Narsey p.38) Over 83 percent of the land in Fiji is traditionally owned and cannot be sold but large proportion is leased to tenant farmers. Approximately 285,000 hectares is under permanent crops and arable land and most of the 86,680 rural households are engaged in agricultural and /or fishing activities. Compared to other pacific countries, Fiji is a major exporter and 2007 food occupied 50 percent of all exports and was worth FJD $500.5 million. Much of these food exports goes to other Pacific countries. Although rice is the major staple and Fiji produces rice (11,595 tonnes in 2008), it is not enough for population need which is approximately around 60,000 tonnes per year. The agriculture sector, during the last decade grew at an average rate of 0.3 percent and the average growth is a direct result of low investment in the sector. Projection for 2009 2011 indicate a period of slow growth in the sector. The non-sugar agriculture sector is still predominantly subsistence and on average contributes 7.8 3 percent to GDP, accounting for around 3.8 percent for domestic exports. Food imports in 2008 constitute 14.4 percent of our total imports. The sector constitutes traditional food crops (dalo, cassava, yams, kumala, and yaqona), tropical fruits (pineapple, pawpaw and mango), vegetables, pulses, ginger, tobacco, rice, 1 Refer to Appendix 1- Agricultural Problem Tree 2 Fiji Island Food Security Profile-WTO/FAO 2008 3 BOS Projection 2006-2008 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 10 spices, cocoa, coconut products, beef, dairy, pork, poultry meat and eggs, sheep, and goat and bee products. 1.3.2 Government Financial support Government budgets which allocated an insufficient share of public funds to rural infrastructure and service need to support agriculture and attract private investment to the sector. The graph in Fig 1 below shows insignificant amount of budget allocated to the DOA in the given period. Figure 1 Agriculture budget and Government expenditure (Source: EP&S Budget unit 2009) It is significant to note that despite the ambitious development policies introduced in the past 3 decades, the share of the agriculture in the gross domestic product decline insignificantly from about 20 % in the nineties it fell to 16% and now pegged at 11 percent in 2008. 1.3.4 Commercial Agriculture The major contributors to agriculture exports are fruits (pawpaw) and vegetables, including dalo. A small but growing volume of certified organic products, including coconut and fruit products and nutriceuticals, are exported. However, growth in the sector has been highly variable. While some farmers will continue to have to leave or enter commercial agriculture abruptly, others will make gradual changes such as reducing dependence on farming or rental incomes, or alternatively, gradually increasing the scale, intensity and diversity of the farm enterprise. Their ability to do so with minimum disruption relies on improved access to markets for non-sugar agricultural products, improved farming technologies, off-farm opportunities, and rural finance. While Fiji‟s traditional commodity sectors – sugar and copra – are struggling, horticultural exports have begun to perform better. This entirely small farm-based sub sector includes ginger, tropical fruit, root crops and vegetables. The core market opportunities for products from the sugar cane growing areas are provided by: (i) exporting to the Indo-Fijian, Asian and Pacific Island communities in Australasia; (ii) enhancing household self-sufficiency; (iii) supplying the expanding urban and tourism market. These are readily obtainable markets for which a marketing structure is already in Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 11 place. The value of these additional markets is estimated at F$25m 4 . A number of other significant potential market opportunities are identified. However, for these there are no marketing structures in place at present and substantial agribusiness investment is required to create them. 1.3.5 Market Access Weak capacity of Quarantine Services to develop and negotiate market access under bilateral quarantine agreements (BQA), combined with limited extension capacity to service farmers seeking to comply with BQA requirements has constrained exports. The single export produce treatment facility, while successful, is operating below capacity. Use of post-harvest handling equipment and practices at farm level is limited, as are marketing skills. While there are a few established agribusinesses and emerging industry organizations, the non-sugar industries are largely fragmented. As a result, there are inadequate internal linkages within the sector which can facilitate marketing, information flow and technology transfer. 1.3.6 Weak marketing networks In more remote areas such as Rakiraki and Vanua Levu, marketing networks are absent or very weak and physical access to markets constrained and costly due to inadequate infrastructure. Poor road and electricity infrastructure in western Vanua Levu has limited economic development and has been a critical factor in demise of agribusiness projects there in the past. Proposals for construction of improved port facilities 5 have been tabled and agreement reached on Savusavu as the preferred location, as it already has facilities for loading ships with coconut oil and roll-on, roll-off ferries. Solving production and marketing constraints requires government facilitating industry organisations to take the lead in industry development, improving product standards and in marketing, and to strengthen organisations providing services critical to agricultural exports. Technology constraints can be met by equipment and practices which are already used by a small minority in the sector and can also be adapted from appropriate designs and systems proven in similar contexts overseas. Increasing adoption of these technologies will however require training to acquire new skills, some adaptive research, and focused agricultural extension support. A key problem is the lack of a commercial ethic amongst farmers, a result of domination by a single, large industry which is governed by an award rather than market forces, and also a result of government programmes that have typically provided production assistance rather than production and management options. Most of the smallholder farmers have not been treated as nor operated as small commercially-oriented enterprises. 1.3.7 Off Farm Livelihoods The informal off-farm sector is not yet well developed in Fiji either in rural or urban areas. However, a Small and Micro Enterprises Development Act was passed in 2002 and under that Act the National Centre for Small and Micro Enterprise Development was set up. The institutional framework for small enterprise development remains to be developed and existing capacities for small enterprise development are very limited. 4 ALP report 5 ALP report presents a pre-feasibility study for the Savusavu Port Development based on the economic and social development impacts on an island which currently has no international port for imports and exports, international capacity is limited to specialist facilities for sugar, copra and the like. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 12 Non-agricultural small enterprises are overwhelmingly in urban and peri-urban areas. In rural areas there are occasional stores and agricultural service micro enterprises, but most services to rural areas are urban based and owned. Agricultural diversification may promote non-agricultural rural small enterprises for storage and cooling, input supply, and equipment but these may also follow the historical pattern of being urban based. Low productivity has a serious implication on the country‟s ability to produce enough food for its growing population. 1.3.8 Agricultural Trade Growth in the importation of agricultural produce by hotels and resorts due to the inability of domestic farmers to provide consistent supply of quality agricultural products is placing significant pressures on Fiji‟s balance of payments. Key statistics (2008) shows that Fiji imported around $580 million of agro products which includes live animals. Figure 2 Agriculture Imports Total Agricultural Import [2000 - 2008] 0 100,000,000 200,000,000 300,000,000 400,000,000 500,000,000 600,000,000 700,000,000 Import kg 304,429,218 402,335,458 278,010,211 264,775,761 341,722,395 438,521,481 237,486,820 322,656,604 450,560,976 Import $ 254,794,938 348,465,006 350,397,696 378,411,472 396,345,975 403,047,379 438,752,308 449,728,421 586,939,679 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (Source: EP&S Statistical report 2009) The focus in the agricultural sector will be on introducing demand driven approaches both for the export as well as import substitution commodities, promoting investment, commercialization and strengthening industry organizations and agri-business networks, promotion of young farmer training and recognition by government of industry priorities. Reviving the livestock industry will be a priority with assistance targeted at breeding of genetically superior livestock, the provision of training on pasture feed management, good animal health provisions and for management and marketing. Investment in the industry will be encouraged, particularly in the dairy and beef segments of the industry. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 13 Figure 3 Agricultural Exports Total Agricultural Exports [2000 - 2008] 0 100,000,000 200,000,000 300,000,000 400,000,000 500,000,000 600,000,000 700,000,000 800,000,000 Export kg 513,767,415 464,165,707 330,613,685 364,343,083 660,341,642 589,532,549 565,547,746 320,784,560 727,170,137 Export $ 418,566,041 470,238,348 330,748,831 415,216,086 447,525,175 511,494,857 526,349,554 553,979,997 669,941,740 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (Source: EP&S Statistical report 2009) The current trend on agriculture export is very promising and is growing at a steady rate in the last 4 years. This is mainly result from an increase in dalo production and prepared food items for export markets. However the import figures are always closed in on exports. The import figures rose by the end of the fourth quarter which resulted in a trade deficit on agriculture of -8 percent last year. The government‟s focus in the plan is to increase the non-sugar agriculture exports to $100 million by 2014 and reduce value of fruits and vegetables import from $150miilion (annual average) to $80 million by 2014. 1.3.9 Food Consumption pattern A recent survey revealed that 95 percent of the foodline items in our supermarkets are imported. The National Centre of Food and Nutricient report (FBS 2005) confirmed that all imported cereals (grains, rice, wheat flour etc), oil fat and animal protein continues to dominate our dietary patterns, and thus the rise in food import bills is eminent. Figure 4 Dietary distribution pattern per capita (Adapted: Food Balancesheet report, NFNC 2005) The tendency to rely on overseas food supplies to supplement domestic supplies has been evident over the years. Generally, increasing volumes of food imports appear to be a continuing trend. Government will ensure greater cohesion and effective implementation of import substitution programmes to increase self reliance and reduce imports Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 14 1.3.10 Crop Production Over the years the rate of growth in agricultural production has stagnated and failed to keep pace with the needs of a rapidly growing population, resulting in a progressive increase in import bills for food and industrial raw materials, which is unceremoniously supported by low tariffs. This is particularly in products that we can competitively produce. The potential of the agri-business sector as a major employer of the growing labor force and an earner of foreign exchange has also been undermined. As a result, the large majority of Fiji‟s population many of whom lives in rural areas (approximately 50 percent), remain poor. Under the SDP 2010-2014, agricultural development will be vigorously pursued, with the aim of achieving quick economic growth whilst ensuring food security and poverty reduction. Recently the department of agriculture endeavored into programs that promote export oriented and import substitution projects in its agricultural development efforts. The expected consumption estimates for the major crops are summarized in the table below; Table 1: Agricultural Production 2008 Crops Production (t) Export(t) Import (t) Re-Export (t) Consumption 6 (t) 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 Dalo 61,662 74,009 10,796 n/a 113 63,100 Rice 14,869.5 11,594.8 870 49784 0 60,509 Cassava 61,379 55,773 1,800 0 33.4 54,344 Pawpaw 9,091 7,265 393 8.5 5.2 6,875 Eggplant 1,585 923 195 n/a 0 728 Ginger 3,110 2488 1394 24 0 1,118 kava 3,349 3,286 184 220 5.4 3,317 (Source: EP&S Statistical report 2009) Table 2: Expected Supply and Demand for Export Commodities 2007/08 Dalo Eggplant Ginger Pawpaw Total Opening Stock (1/01/08) 0 0 0 0 0 (+) Production 74,009 923 2488 7,265 84,685 Total supply 74,009 923 2488 7,265 84,685 (-) Domestic demand 7 63,100 728 1,118 6,875 71,821 (-) Export Demand 8 10,909 195 1,394 398 12,896 Closing Stock (31/12/08) 0 0 -24 -8 -32 Table 3: Gross Income 9 for 2007 - 2008 Traditional Crops ($000) 2007 2008 % change Dalo 66,594.96 82,149.99 23% Cassava 48,489.41 58,003.92 20% Pawpaw 11,545.57 12,132.55 5% Rice 27,508.57 24,928 -9% Ginger 6,562.10 7,911.84 21% The gross income analysis for farmers in 2007 and 2008 shows a significant increase (i.e. on average of 12%) for all the crops as identified above. This in terms of production is encouraging as the increasing gross income will encourage farmers to produce more. 6 Consumption = (Production + Imports) – (Exports +Re Exports). 7 Domestic Consumption. 8 Total Export = Export (Fresh plus Processed) + Re-Export. 9 Prices are based on Annual Average Market Prices for 2007 & 2008 respectively. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 15 Departmental Overview  Key Stakeholders  Key Services  Risk Management  Targeted Programme  Strategic framework  Legislation Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 16 2.0 DEPARTMENTAL OVERVIEW The department of agriculture aims to bring about a change that promotes demand driven approaches as an integrated objectives for all programs such as: i) enhance livelihoods of people in the rural areas and outer islands of Fiji; ii) ensure sustained and secure access to Food, and; iii) enhance poverty reduction through appropriate programs. These include increase in market access opportunities and services that will provide needed benefit to rural communities in rural and outer islands. To drive efficiency, the department‟s projects and activities will be monitored through a log frame technique which allows management teams to assess the effectiveness of effort undertaken. This allows projects to be monitored objectively. Executive management of the Department currently meets on monthly basis to monitor the performance in terms of project implementation that promotes: i) non racial; ii) culturally vibrant, and; iii) unified organization for a common goal and service to its clients at best effort possible. 2.1 Our key stakeholders Our core business is to provide efficient service to public while our outputs are depended on the amount of resources government allocates in a year to process applications. The department of agriculture as co-service provider plays a leadership role in the sector. Its clients include: Provincial development department Consumer of agriculture products Producers of agriculture products (farmers /processors) Exporters and processors of agriculture products Public and Private institutions working in collaboration with the sector 2.2 Our key product and services Government offers these key product and services through the department: 2.2.1 Ministerial Portfolio Services Agriculture national level leadership Agriculture advisory Agriculture Policy direction 2.2.2 National regulatory services National agriculture legislation Meat inspection services Veterinary services Animal pound services Plant Pathology service Chemical Analysis services Quarantine services Drainage subsidy service 2.2.3 National coordination services Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 17 National Codex Committee -Food standards United Nation Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nation (FAO) Australian Centre of International Agriculture research (ACIAR) Agriculture Education and Training National Land use policy Agriculture census and statistics 2.3 National agriculture risk management Pest control Plant and Animal disease control 2.4 Targeted Programmes Farming Assistance Scheme programme Drainage and Flood protection programme Water shed management programme Irrigation programme Export Promotion Programme Import Substitution Programme Rural and Outer Island Programme Sigatoka Valley Improvement Programme Dairy Industry Support Programme Quarantine Awareness Programme Livestock- Extension service Programme 2.5 Strategic framework Given the current situation and development perspective, what inspires the Department of agriculture in its development effort is a vision to progressively influence market forces through rural economy throbbing with dynamic agro- industrial communities propelled by organized, self reliant farmers –entrepreneurs doing profitable business out of agriculture. 2.5.1 Vision: To influence market forces through vibrant and sustainable agriculture activity that reduces poverty, reduces the risk of food insecurity and increases the contribution to GDP. 2.5.2 Mission statement: To excel in the provision of customer-focused and market-driven services in the agriculture sector. In particular, the elements will be: Efficient management of technical, administrative, financial and personnel services. Sound human resource management and development. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 18 Investment optimization through research and development in conjunction with all interest groups. WTO and Codex compliance for domestic and international markets. Development of collaborative and consultative alliances at all levels. Manage water resources in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Continue the inculcation of performance-based management. Maintenance and enhancement of the commitment to food and income security. Enact and implement legislation both within the Department and throughout allied agencies. 2.5.3 Values: Commitment. Honesty. Integrity. Accountability. Transparency. 2.6 Legislative mandate The department derived its core mandate from the Presidential decree 2007 and is currently responsible for over 33 pieces of legislation. It is envisaged that all the acts specified under the ministerial assignment must be reviewed and be ensured that there is no conflict between policy interpretations of existing acts. The following lists of acts reflect the legislative mandate of the department of agriculture. They are presented here in alphabetical order with an indication of changes, and those being made/or need to be made. Title of Legislation Amendments Agricultural Land & Tenant Act (Cap.270) Dec la ra t i on o f Un imp r o v ed Cap i t a l Va lu es Ord er Ex emp t ion ) R egu la t i on s Tr ib u n a l P r oc ed u r es Decla ra t ion of Uni mpr oved Cap i ta l Va lues Order , 1987 - (L/N 67 /87) Dec la ra t ion of Uni mpr oved Cap i ta l Va lues Order 1992 - (L/N 127 /92) Al ta (Dec la ra t ion of Uni mp roved Cap i ta l Va lue) (Var ia t ion) Order 19 96 - (L/N 26 /96) Dec la ra t ion of Uni mpr oved Cap i ta l Va lues Order , 1997 - L/N 105 /97 Tr ibuna l P roced ur es (Amendment ) Regula t i ons L/N 62 /98 Ex emp t ion ( Am en d men t ) Regu la t i on s 2 0 0 4 – L/ N 4 2 /0 4 Agriculture Marketing Authority Act (2004) Comm en cemen t N ot i c e [ 2 7 .9 .0 4 ] – G/N 1 6 3 7 /04 Animals (contagious Diseases) Act (Cap 160) An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di seases ) ( Am er i can Fou l Bro od ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s ea ses ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Bovin e An ima ls ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Ca t s ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Do gs ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Dom es t i ca t ed P ou l t r y) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Hon ey B ees ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Ho rs es ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 19 Animals (Control of Experiment) Act (Cap.161) Pigs ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eases ) ( Ap p l i ca t i on t o Sh eep ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di sea ses ) (Bo vin e Bru ce l lo s i s ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di sea ses ) (Bo vin e Tu b e rcu los i s ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di sea ses ) (Bo vin e Tu b e rcu los i s ) ( Erad i ca t i on Ar eas ) O rd e r An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di s eas es ) (Ca t t l e Ti ck ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eas es ) ( In sp ec t i on o f S tock ) R egu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eas es ) (R in g wo rm o f Ho rs es ) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (C on tag iou s Di s eas es ) (R otu ma) Regu la t i on s An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di sea s es ) (B ovin e Bru ce l lo s i s ) ( Am en d m en t ) R egu la t i on s , 1 9 9 1 ( L/ N 3 0 /9 1 ) An ima ls (Con tag i ou s Di sea s es ) (B ovin e Tib ercu los i s ) ( Am en d m en t ) R egu la t i on s , 1 9 9 1 An ima ls Imp o r t a t i on ( Am en d men t ) R egu la t i on s 1 9 9 5 - ( L/ N 4 1 /9 5 ) An ima ls (C on t ro l Of Exp er imen t s ) (R eco rd s An d Retu rn s ) R egu la t i on s Animal Importation Act (Cap 159) An ima ls Imp o r t a t i on Regu la t i on s Pr oh ib i t ed Imp o r t s Qu a ran t i n e Grou n d s An ima ls Imp o r t a t i on ( Am en d men t ) Regu la t i on s – L/N 3 3 /0 6 Banana Export and Marketing Act (Cap 155) Ban an a Exp or t an d Mark et i n g Regu la t i on s Birds and Game protection Act (Cap 170) Amd t : 8 /9 6 ) Am en d men t L/N 3 7 /8 7 Du t i es Of Gam e Ran g ers Li c en ce Fee P ig eon s - Sp ec i f i ca t i on Of Nu mb er To Be Tak en In On e Da y 1 9 8 4 Season 1 9 8 7 Season - L/ N 3 8 /8 7 Res er v ed Ar ea Biosecurity Promulgation No.28 of 2008 Comm en ce f r om th e d a t e t h e Pr es id en t s i gn ed ] Brands Act (Cap 163) Ap p l i ca t i on Of S ec t i on 1 6 Bran d s Regu la t i on s Coconut Industry Development Authority Act 1998 A mdt : 2 3 /9 9 Comm en cemen t N ot i c e [ 1 .2 .99 ] - L/N 8 /9 9 Cocon u t In d u s t r y ( Lev y) O rd er 2 0 0 0 - L/N 2 2 /2 00 0 Cocon u t In d u s t r y (C op ra Grad in g Ap p ea ls ) Regu la t i on s Cocon u t In d u s t r y (Cru d e Cocon u t Oi l Mak ers Ex emp t ion ) R egu la t i on s Cocon u t In d u s t r y ( Li c en ses An d Fees ) Regu la t i on s Cocon u t In d u s t r y ( Sa le An d Pu rch ase Of Coc on u t Mea t ) (E x emp t ion ) Regu la t i o n s Cocon u t In d u s t r y ( Sa le An d Pu rch as e O f Un grad ed Cop ra ) (E x emp t ion ) Regu la t i on s Cocon u t In d u s t r y (Sm ok e Dr i e r s Pr oh ib i t i on ) Regu la t i on s Cooperative Dairy Companies Act (Cap 119) Copra industry Loans Act (Cap 153) Cop ra In d u s t r y Loan s R egu la t i on s Crop Lients Act (Cap.226) Dec la ra t i on o f Ag r i cu l t u ra l P rod u ce Dairies Act (Cap 118) Dai r i es R egu la t i on s Dogs Act (Cap 168) Do gs R egu la t i on s Am en d men t ( L/ N 2 Of 1 9 8 7 ) Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 20 Do gs ( Li cen s in g Au th or i t i es ) Ord er Drainage Act (Cap 143) A mdt : Pro mulg a t io n No .4 o f 2 0 08 Dec la ra t i on O f D ra in ag e Ar eas Maximu m Dra in ag e Ra t e Fencing Act (Cap 167) Fruit Export and Marketing Act (Cap 154) Ban an a Bu ye rs ‟ Ar eas Ban an a Pack in g S t a t i on s Fru i t Exp o r t An d Mark et i n g Regu la t i on s Am en d men t ( L/ N 1 8 Of 1 9 8 7 ) Min imu m Pr i ce O f Ban an as Ginger Council of Fiji Act 1996 Gin g er R egu la t i on s , 1 9 9 7 - L /N 1 0 2 /9 7 Co mmence men t No t i ce [1 .1 1 .9 7 ] - L/N 1 0 3 /9 7 Goat (Ear marks) Act (Cap 164) Goa t s (Ea r Mark s ) R egu la t i o n s Irrigation Act (Cap 144A) Dec la ra t i on o f Nau s or i I r r i ga t i on Ar ea Dec la ra t i on o f Na vu a Cen t ra l I r r i ga t i on Ar ea Land Cons er vt i on (Toge - Qerel evu) Or der 1994 - (L/N 91 /94) I r r i ga t ion ra tes f or 2002 -2003 – G/N 1797 /2001 Land Conservation and Improvement Act (Cap 141) Clo s in g O rd e rs Con se r va t i v e O rd e rs La n d Con serva t i on an d Imp ro vemen t (F i re Ha za rd Per io d ) Ord er - (Rep ea l ed By Decree No . 3 1 /92 ) Land Cons er vt i on (Toge - Qerel evu) Or der 1994 - (L/N 91 /94) Land development Act (Cap 142) Fi j i Lan d Corp ora t i on (Es t ab l i sh m en t ) O rd e r Ik a C orp o ra t i on (Es t ab l i sh m en t ) Ord er Ulu i sa vou C orp o ra t i on ( Es t a b l i sh men t O rd er Ya la v ou Ru ra l D ev elop m en t Boa rd (Es t ab l i sh m en t ) Ord er Meat Industry Act (Cap 237) Meat In d u s t r y R egu la t i on s ( Am en d m en t - ( L/ N 5 /1 9 8 6 ) Mea t In d u s t r y (S lau gh t erh ou se R egion s ) O rd e r S lau gh te r i n g o f An ima ls (Ch a rg es ) R egu la t i on s Mea t In d u s t r y ( Am en d m en t ) Regu la t i on s , 1 9 9 1 ( L/ N 1 7 /9 1 ) Mea t In d u s t r y - S lau gh t er i n g of An ima ls (Ch a rg es ) R egu la t i on s , 1 9 9 0 - ( L/N 2 9 /9 0 ) Mea t In d u s t r y - S lau gh t er i n g of An ima ls (Ch a r g e) Regu la t i on , 1 9 9 2 - ( L/N 5 /9 2 ) Mea t In d u s t r y - S lau gh t e r i n g of An ima ls (Ch a r g es ( Am en d m en t ) Regu la t i on s 2 0 0 0 - L/N 1 7 /2 0 0 0 Pesticide act (Cap 157) (To be repea led by Nov. 2002 - see Par t 10, Health & Safe ty a t Work Act 1996) Pes t i c id es R egu la t i on s Plant Quarantine Act (Cap 156) Delega t i on of Fu n c t i on s Ap p oin tm en t o f In sp ec to rs In f ec t ed Ar eas No xiou s Weed s , P es t s an d Di seas es o f P lan t s Regu la t i on s No xiou s Weed s , P es t s an d Di seas es o f P lan t s (C i t ru s Tan k er ) R egu la t i on s P lan t Qu a ran t i n e ( Fees ) R eg u la t i on s P lan t s Qu a ran t i n e ( Ta ro B eet l e) E m er g en c y Regu la t i on s Pr oh ib i t ed Imp o r t P lan t Qu a ran t i n e ( Fees ) ( Am en d men t ) Regu la t i on s 1 9 9 3 ( L/ N 9 3 /9 3 ) Pound Act (Cap 165) (A md t: 1 8 /9 0 , 4 1 /90 ) Pou n d Regu la t i on s Pou n d ( Am en d m en t ) Regu la t i on s - ( L/N 8 1 /8 4 ) Protection of animal Act (Cap 169) Tran sp or t o f An ima l s Regu la t i on s Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 21 Rewa Rice Limited Decree 1991 (A md t: Decree 2 2 /9 2 ) Stock Improvement act (Cap 162) Stock Imp r o v em en t Regu la t i on s Trespass of Animal Act (Cap 166) Veterinary Surgeons Act (Cap 257) 2.7 NEW LEGISLATION 1] Promulgation of Biosecurity Act 2008: The Biosecurity Promulgation 2008 has repealed the Animal (Contagious Diseases) Act (Cap 160); Animal Importation Act (Cap 159) and Plant Quarantine Act (Cap 156). 2.8 PROPOSED LEGISLATION 2] Land Conservation & Improvement Act A much needed review is required to the LC&I act to enable an effective protection of our vulnerable land from the unsustainable development practices which are at an exorbitant rate. The act has been amended after a wide range consultation with stakeholders. The critical amendment area was a legal text drafted to include the national land use policy on the LC&I act. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 22 Development Perspective  Priority Outcomes  Priority Outputs  Imperatives Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 23 3.0 Development perspective (DOA Outcome) The initiative of the current government is to capacitate agriculture to a more vibrant income generating and source of employment to the young generation in Fiji in future. Thus agriculture should continue to expand and lay the main role in the growth and stability to the economy of Fiji in many years to come. 3.1 Priority Outcome Based on the situation analysis and existing medium-term priorities of the Government in conjunction with our development partner‟s (FAO) programme the following priority outcomes will be pursued in the next three years; 3.1.1 Strengthen policy, legal, regulatory and strategic framework for sustainable agriculture, forestry and fisheries development. A recent review of the Department of Agriculture has indicated that research and extension services need to be strengthened and better focused to the needs of the farming sector. For policy formation and planning purposes, collection and publication of agricultural data, particularly output statistics need to be improved. In the past policies have been adopted without being subjected to detailed economic analysis and without a good understanding of what can be expected from the farming sector. Improved performance by the ministry and by the sector as a whole will only result from a strengthened policy, legal and regulation framework. FAO will provide technical assistance to support policy formulation, legislation and regulation reviews and strategic planning. Particular emphasis will be placed on linking planning to financing. Capacity building support may also be provided to improve sector data collection and management system. Policy work and strategic planning will also be a focus area for the fisheries and forestry sub-sectors. 3.1.2 Increased production, productivity and resilience of crop and livestock systems. Enhanced agricultural production for export and for food security and rural livelihoods is a key priority for Fiji. Increasing agricultural production and productivity is the highest overarching priority for DOA. Several markets are available (or could become available), but growth is limited primarily by supply-side constraints. There is a need for improved supply of inputs – planting materials, fertilizer and livestock feeds; for improved infrastructure – agricultural roads, market and post-harvest facilities, and for better technology and husbandry practices supported by appropriate research and information services. Assistance sought through the FSSLP, but also through TCP programmes with FAO in the areas of need to improve agricultural productivity across the board. 3.1.3 Sustainable managed terrestrial, freshwater and marine resources Fiji signed the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1992, and pledged our support to halt the continuing decline in global biodiversity. The department of agriculture fully recognizes the need to protect valuable and unique biodiversity in Fiji thus the promotion for sustainable agriculture practices at community level are integrated Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 24 in the development effort in conjunction with our development partners, United Nation, on the UNCCD initiative in Fiji. The importance of community involvement is crucial in this process. Amongst other things DOA promotes Biodiversity ecosystem service because it would directly affects security in food production in future. 3.2 Strategic Priority Outputs The priority areas below were identified and are the result of sorting out the most common issues that were identified by head of division and staff to be hindrance to achieving the Government outcome for the agriculture sector. 3.2.1: Policy advice and legislative enactment: Key Objectives  To have a supportive agricultural entrepreneurial policy framework,  Good economic environment that ensures low inflation, predictable tax rates,  Trade policies that do not impede access to market  Foreign exchange regime that reduces the vulnerability of the economy to external socks. 3.2.2: Improve Sustainable Resource Management, Productivity and output: Key Objectives  To manage our natural resources for sustainability and the longevity of the resources productivity.  To implement environmentally friendly land water management principles and farming practices.  To appreciate commercial value of agriculture production and the value of natural resources.  To train community and bring about awareness and educate the nations land users on better land use management technologies.  To complement stronger human resources management capability and strategize to improve the management of capital assets. 3.2.3: Effective Human Resource Management Development: Key Objectives  To support public sector reform of civil service implements best practices in managing human resources at reducing costs by restructuring, right sizing and increasing efficiency.  To develop and maintain a professional and highly qualified workforce in the department, thus improving service delivery to the people.  Leadership development program must implement a succession plan approach to identify next generation leaders in the department.  To Implement Human Resource Information System (HRIS) for the ministry to include all necessary information on the Ministry‟s human resources and is to include Individual Work profiles. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 25  To implement organizational restructure recommendations, on systems and operations of the ministry to improve efficiency and effectiveness in all facets of the ministry‟s functions. 3.2.4: Effective Research Development and Information dissemination: Key Objectives  The department will support developing technology transfer.  Research new improved crop variety to enhance productivity in the farming sector.  To foster private extension service and research partnership. 3.2.5: Trade market access and marketing: Key Objectives  To develop post-harvest handling practices at farm level.  To foster linkage of producers with food processors to enhance agro food exports.  To support development of infrastructure, such as ports, and jetties and farm access roads, cold storage facilities, limits accesses to markets and reduces post harvest quality.  To Strengthening commercial farming capacity.  To facilitate agriculture diversification, raising participant‟s competency in relation to commercial agriculture is important.  Coordinate BQA system approach from the appropriate public and private sectors.  To strengthen industry organization and market access, industry organizations are forums for developing policy and quality standards, networking, dissemination market information and technology and providing negotiating strength.  To support Agricultural Marketing Authority to facilitate buying and selling of agro–produce in uneconomic remote areas. 3.2.6: Enhance stakeholder partnership: Key Objectives  To enhance institutional network capacity for agriculture- eg agriculture with NLTB for long term interest in the productive use of communally owned land.  To support and develop more agriculture vocational training like Navuso and Tutu training centre.  To support wholesale credit line for famers from financial institution to providing general credit for individual small farmers and household,  To strengthen formal agricultural service capacity  To enhance private sector involvement in the sector to identify the market demand in agricultural products. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 26 3.2.7: Effective Financial regulatory, compliance and enforcement: Key Objectives  To ensure good governance in the administration and deployment of financial and other resources. Implementation and monitoring of regulatory legislations.  To ensure that the department regularly monitor (monthly) and analyze the implementation of the budget to ensure that the budget allocations and cash flow forecasts are maintained/contained within approved levels.  To ensure compliance with the Finance Management Act 2004 and Regulations/Instructions, and the Ministry‟s Finance Manual.  To strengthen internal audit unit in the department.  To coordinate effectively the performance management system in the department, including the annual performance assessment of all staff, and to facilitate the necessary training in these functional areas 3.3 Imperative sub outputs 3.3.1 Policy reform The department of Agriculture will work for the completion of reforms by 2011: Reform in shipping and port management policies and the review the remaining policies which hinder the efficient transport of agricultural products from the outer land to the market. Prevention for the indiscriminate use of fertilizer and pesticide to minimize hazards to human lives and environment. Simplification of licensing procedures and requirements 3.3.2 Research & Development In research and development, emphasis should be laid on the quick transfer of low-cost technologies for agricultural diversification especially in the sugar and rice areas in the northern, western and central division. Emphasis should also be placed on technologies for on-farm processing. 3.3.3 Agricultural entrepreneurial development The government must continue fashioning an environment- through appropriate policies and incentives which will make agriculture profitable and thus draw private initiative especially that of small farmers into production, financing, and marketing of agricultural goods. This means reforming the remaining trade, taxation, shipping and macroeconomic policies that continues to impede agricultural and rural development. Government must also initiate, where feasible and necessary, small- scale pilot agro-processing and agribusiness project owned and operate by farmers. 3.3.4 Farmer groups The government needs to empower small holder farmer groups to enable to realized the full productive potential and thus participate vigorously in the nations‟ march towards development. Government must also extend all necessary support for the development of small farmers‟ Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 27 Organisation (Industry councils); it must fully integrate these groups in policy making and planning, execution, evaluation, monitoring of programmes and projects. 3.3.5 Credit facility The expansion and strengthening of credit programme to the farmers to help them access easily to financial assistance, and strengthening of guarantee and crop insurance facilities to reduce the cost and risk of lending to agriculture and induce greater credit flows to famers. 3.3.6 National Exports Strategy This policy document aimed to increase the export of six major commodities (Cassava, Dalo, Ginger, Cava, Papaya, Fruit & Vegetables and Okra) to the international market with the total export value of $39 million. Moreover, 11 other potential commodities 10 identified for export with total projected value 11 of $100 million. The aims of our National Export Strategy are achievable. 3.3.7 Infrastructure development Government must provide the public investment needed to complement and support the productive endeavour of small farmers. Government must give priority to infrastructure investments and support service which has the broadest and quickest impact on raising rural society. In particular public investment should be focused on: The repair and construction of farm –to- market roads and ports, the modernisation of port handling and storage facilities and the provision of adequate power and communication infrastructure in rural areas. 3.3.8 Reform in Bio fuel development There is sufficient coconut oil feedstock available to permit a 5 per cent biodiesel blend to be introduced throughout Fiji, equating to a demand of 4.6 million litres a year of biodiesel. This level of demand would require 4,250 tonnes of coconut oil, which would be bulk of Fiji‟s exportable surplus. However, the fundamental question to be addressed is if this strategy would be economically feasible or would significant government subsidies be required. 3.3.9 Climate change & Sustainable agriculture The growing concern in the world now is climate change which is caused by uncontrolled carbon emission and deforestation through unsustainable agriculture activity in developed countries. Fast growing Pacific Island population is impacting on food production. The situation is made worse by an aging farming community, with few young people being attracted to agriculture. This has become a threat to food security Government must enforce the land use policy to promote judicious use of the country‟s land, forest and marine resources in order to ensure the long-term sustainability of the natural resources base from rural income are derived. 10 Sweet potato, pumpkin, pineapple, palm oil, Noni, mushroom, industrial hemp, honey, coffee, cocoa and avocado. 11 NES action plan for commodities Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 28 Objectives, Outputs and Priorities  Linkage to MDGs  Linkage to RDSSED  RDSSED KPIs  Key development Targets  Production Targets  Import Reduction  Export Promotion Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 29 4.0 DOA OBJECTIVES, OUTPUTS AND PRIORITIES 4.1 Our Linkage to the UN Convention Fiji is party to the Inter-Governmental Action Program of 1992 UN Conference in Rio de Janeiro and the ensuing development on the UN Commission for the SD (CSD) and Agenda 21. Outcomes of the Agenda 21‟s are the creation of conventions UNFCC (Climate Change), UNCBD (Biodiversity) and UNCCD (Land Degradation). Followed by UN millennium goals. Our National Development Goals cascade from the UN MDGs;  1.Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger  7. Ensure environmental sustainability 4.2 Linkage of Agriculture Outputs with Government Targeted Outcome. To be consistent with the Roadmap for Democracy and Sustainable Socio Economic Development (RDSSED) initiative the department has identified priority issues relate, and would affects RDSSED outcome performance indicators. The major focus of the department in its import substitution programme in the next 3 years (2010-2012) is to reduce drastically the total import bill for, Rice, potatoes, Dairy products, sheep, and beef to $105 million by 2012. 4.3 RDSSED targeted goal for Non Sugar Agriculture and Livestock Outcome: Sustainable Community Livelihood through competitive export and food security RDSSED Policy objective DOA Outputs RDSSED Outcome KPI Fiji is served by a thriving commercial agriculture sector, sustains Fiji‟s food security and sets a strong platform for commercial agricultural development. Portfolio Leadership Policy Advice and Secretariat Support. Consulting services – Agricultural Development. Research Publication-Agriculture Development Supply of Goods – Agricultural Industry (Plant National Biodiversity) Consulting services – Livestock Production. Education & training – Agricultural Technology. Consulting Services – Civil Engineering. Market Development- Agriculture Produce Repair and Maintenance –Irrigation Channels Licensing, Compliance & Monitoring – Import / Export of Agricultural Produce. Research Publication – Crop Production Licensing, Compliance & Monitoring – Pesticide Use Pathology Services Provision for Land Drainage Flood Protection Services Provision for Irrigation Services Consulting services – Veterinary Services. Licensing, Compliance and Monitoring –Food Processing. Research Publication-Pasture Improvement Consulting Services – Landlord and Tenant agreement Dispute Resolution – Landlord & Tenants Chemical Analysis Services Operation of Animal Pounds Licensing, Compliance and Monitoring Provision of Dog Licenses and control Maintained agriculture sector‟s contribution to GDP at 12% Commodity protocols for at least 5 new commodities to new markets by 2012 Formation of at least 3 industry council. Increase production of locally produced export commodities by 30% Increase production of import substitution commodities by 30% Value of non sugar agriculture exports increased from $52.9m to $80m in 2010 Value of fruits and vegetables imports reduced from around $165m annually to $80m by 2014. Agriculture sales to local and national private traders increased from 40% to 60% of total sales Increase lending to agriculture sector of commercial banks to 1% of total loan portfolio by 2014 from current level of around 0.6% Maintain Food import Capability index maintained at 0.17 or better Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 30 4.4 Key Development Targets for Agriculture 4.4.1 Poverty Reduction Targets Reduce the incidence of poverty to negligible level by 2014 4.4.2. Production Targets Increase production of locally produced export commodities by 30% Increase production of import substitution commodities by 30% 4.4.3. Export & Import Targets Reduce drastically the total import bill for, Rice, potatoes, Dairy products, sheep, and beef to $105 million by 2012. Increase value of exports for non sugar crops by $100m by 2012. 4.4.4. Priority Concerns In terms of priority attention, the top six commodities that will be supported by the Department of Agriculture are: Rice Potato Dairy Sheep Beef Fruits & Vegetables Dalo Cassava Ginger Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 31 4.5 Production Forecast for Agriculture crops 2008-2012 (Calculated at a variable growth rate of 1-5 percent) Note: The forecasting is done according to the flood damage assement report showing a declining trend for crops that are being affected while the rest shows increasing trend. (Department of Agriculture Flood Asssesment report , 2009) Agricultural Produce (Tonnes) 2008(a) 2009(f) 2010(f) 2011(f) 2012(f) Copra 12,583 12,835 12,963 13,093 13,224 Ginger - Mature 595 655 687 694 701 Immature 1,893 2,082 2,186 2,208 2,230 Pawpaw 7,265 6,990 7,340 7,413 7,487 Pineapple 3,506 3,350 3,518 3,553 3,588 Vegetables 25,153 23,000 25,300 26,565 27,893 Root Crops - Cassava 55,773 50,750 55,825 58,616 61,547 Dalo 74,009 70,500 74,025 77,726 81,613 Yams 4,031 4,000 4,040 4,080 4,121 Kumala 4,612 4,500 4,725 4,772 4,820 Yaqona 3,286 3,150 3,308 3,341 3,374 Cocoa 12.75 13.01 13.14 13.27 13.40 Pulses 92 85 94 98 103 Citrus 74 75 76 77 78 Banana 8,426 8,300 8,715 8,802 8,890 Watermelon 1,107 1,050 1,103 1,114 1,125 Vanilla 0.27 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 Maize 604 616 622 628 635 Peanuts 178 182 183 185 187 Cowpea 227 232 234 236 239 Rice (Paddy) 11,595 11,100 11,655 11,772 11,889 Dalo-ni-tana 3,683 3,250 3,283 3,315 3,348 Chillies 258 230 232 235 237 Duruka 64 60 61 64 67 Voivoi 1,010 1,030 1,041 1,051 1,061 Vudi 5,024 4,850 4,899 4,947 4,997 Kawai 1,102 1,124 1,135 1,147 1,158 Kura 325 332 335 338 342 Floriculture 25 26 28 29 30 Eggplant 923 880 889 898 907 Tomatoes 230.2 233 235 237 240 Breadfruit 386 390 394 398 402 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 32 4.6 Production Forecast for Agriculture Livestock 2008-2012 (Calculated at a growth rate of 2 percent) Livestock Production 2008(a) 2009(f) 2010(f) 2011(f) 2012(f) Egg (000 Doz) 4,723 4,770 4,818 4,866 4,915 Poultry (Tonnes) 11,970 12,569 12,820 13,076 13,338 Milk and Cream (million litres) 10.3 10.8 11.0 11.3 11.5 Beef (Tonnes) 1,866 1,959 1,998 2,038 2,079 Pork (Tonnes) 920 966 985 1,005 1,025 Goat (Tonnes) 983 1,032 1,053 1,074 1,095 Honey (Tonnes) 595 625 637 650 663 Sheep (Tonnes) 56.1 59 62 65 68 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 33 4.7 Import Reduction approach 12 Government will ensure greater cohesion and effective implementation of import substitution programme to increase self reliance and reduce imports. Highlighted below are the identified commodities that the department would focus on in the next 3 years 2010 -2012: Commodity Current import cost ($) 3yrs reduction target ($) DOA Objective (3yrs) Strategies Constraints Addressing constraints Rice $40m $35m Increase production from 11,000, mt to 43,500,mt Plant 700ha in irrigated areas from existing farms. Assist farmers with land preparation. Farmer training. Coordinatio n with Rewa rice Farmer replacement Low farm gate price High input cost. Expired land lease. Low mechanisatio n Labour shortage Changing priorities of farmers Land re form policy Subsidize input cost. Training of rice farmers Research improves varieties. Make machine available for land preparation Dairy $19m $16m Reduce imports Increase milk production from 14m to 18m litres Foster coordination with RCDC Ltd Establish farms in western division (40) Conversion of 19 existing raw milk suppliers to factory suppliers. Central division to increase small holder dairy concept. Improve genetic quality. No market in the western division Land lease issues Lack of knowledge and skills Lack of breeding stocks. Extension advisory service. Artificial insemination. Training and awareness for farmers and potential dairy farmers. Potatoes $19m $16m Reduce $ 16 million of imports over three years Produce 5,300t / year 442 ha to Approx 5.3 million per year $5.3 million = 5,300 tons of Potatoes 442 ha needed to Current production :Nil Research is conducting field trials on 2 varieties (Dalisay&Serr ana) 12 Commodity identified by PMO as main focus for import reduction by Agriculture 2010-2012 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 34 be utilize for planting potato Total production cost $4.2m plant to harvest 5,300 tons per year Cost to prepare 442ha is $94,588 663 tons of seeds costing $530,400 1342.6 mt of Urea & NPK costing $165,308 and if Poultry manure is used than additional cost of $442,000 will incur. Weedicides $23,868 Pesticide $9,341 5 Tractor and Implements for $400,000 Potato being a new commodity a lot of technical support will be needed by farmer. Staff and farmer trainings have to organized to ensure optimum production is achieved. Number of farmers: Nil Current potato importers:33 Current tax incentives: 10year tax concession for new companies investing more than $1m and 200% deduction on purchase of Farm Machinery for 5years from 2006. Current tariffs:12.5 % Vat and 5% Fiscal duty Timeline from securing of land, to harvest – 3moths Sheep $20m $10m Increase local production Establishme nt of small Supply of breeding Maintain government breeding Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 35 (from 50 to 100mt) Increase food security. Export live sheep holder sheep farms (40) stock. High establishmen t cost stations Subsidise establishment cost Beef $7m 0 Reduced imports. Increase production (from 9,500 to 10,500 heads) Feed lotting technology Contract farming Farming assistance. Improve genetic material. Need to use right feed formula. Lack of skills High cost of inputs. Lack of breeding stock. Improve feed technology. Train on beef farming. Subsidize cost of input (40%) Purchase bull from Yaqara and government stations and artificial insemination . Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 36 4.8 Export Promotion approach (Refer to Target Production- Appendix 2) Export promotion will be targeted though the implementation of the National Export Strategy which has identified enormous export potential that the agriculture sector holds, particularly in high value niche export and traditional food crops such as papaya, cassava, taro, kava and ginger. Commodity Objective 3 Years Strategies Constraints Addressing constraints Root crop development programme (Dalo Cassava) Increase production for export Support domestic markets Increase dalo planting (from 1143 to 1250ha) Increase cassava planting (from 6137 to 7960ha) particular in Central and Western division. Increase number of farmer groups particularly in the rural areas. Farmer training in technical farming management. Address pest and diseases Linking farmers to the market. Consistency in supply and quality. Farmer attitudes. Farm losses (approx 10-15%) Phase planting coordination in farmer groups. Increase consultation between exportation and farmer groups. Increase assistance to farmer groups. Increase planting by 10-15% to account for loss. Papaya,pine apple,water melon, citrus Increase fruit production for exports and local market, particularly Sigatoka valley and Batiri Increase pineapple area from 91 to 109ha Farmer training Increase pawpaw area from 69 to 83ha. Increase watermelon area from 164 to 197ha. Inconsistency of supply & poor quality. Delay in the production of seedling at Sigatoka research station (pawpaw). High cost of inputs (seed and seedling from private sectors) Irrigation of farms particularly for pawpaw, citrus. Timely release of funds. Seed production at subsidize prices. Ginger Increase immature ginger production for export (from 2,333 to 3,033 tonnes) Increase yield per unit area (18-20 tonnes/ha) Increase area planted from 150ha to 225ha High production cost Seed [treated] availability/disease. Allocation of quota (small holders) Increase farmers by 20% per annum over the next 3 years. Increase yield by 10% per hectare Kava Increase income for the rural population. Reduce import by 50% (250t) Increase export from 183.422t to 238.449t Increase in area planted from 889ha to 1,156ha. Increase in the number of farming groups. Shortage of planting materials due to dieback disease. High production cost. Selection of disease free planting materials. Tissue culture (SPC) and adaption of better husbandry practices. Subsidised cost of inputs provided to farmer groups. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 37 DOA INTERVENTION PROGRAMME AND PLANNED EXPENDITURE: CROPS & LIVESTOCKS PROGRAMME  Extension  Research  Animal Health & Production SUPPORT SERVICE PROGRAMME  General Administration  Economic Planning & Statistics  Quarantine Services  Land & Water Resource Management  Land Resources Planning & Development  Fiji College of Agriculture Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 38 5.0 DOA INTERVENTION PROGRAMME AND PLANNED EXPENDITURE 13 : CROPS & LIVESTOCKS PROGRAMME 5. 1 Extension Division Objective Promote productivity and sustainability in agriculture through effective and efficient advisory service to the clients. Division’s Outcome: Effective management of various Extension programs to Increase productivity for food security. Effective and efficient consultancy services in agricultural development Provision of Agro Inputs/Incentives Maintained a sound Human Resource Management for a highly skilled and motivated work force. Outputs Consultation with Stakeholders and clarifying roles and needs. Establish benchmarks of all commodities and market access, food supply and demand, number of farmers, area of production Establish needs in various farmer groups, farmers, industry councils, and other stakeholders. Prepare Extension Work Plan Finalize Plan for all commodities with stakeholders Prepare proposals for RIE Update all technical and financial information related to food crops Facilitate Export Promotion programme. Facilitate Import Substitution programme. Provide Farm Advisory services Conduct Farmers and Staff Training Establish Demonstration/Model Farms Monitoring Progress and achievement Reporting Programme Overview: The Department is implementing different types of programmes where project proposal on the type of development to be done on crops are submitted. There are about 500 projects identified for the rural and outer islands, Import substitution and Export promotion this year. The success of areas like the Sigatoka valley which has seen farmers adapt successfully to new farming techniques, has made the Department‟s effort worth it. In effort to improve crop production the department would be developing facilities for storage, cooling and even processing. It is hoped that the operation of farmers are more streamed lined in the future which the basic target of the department. 13 The forecasted expenditure figures are for on-going programmes and are subjected to MOF budgeting priorities. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 39 PLANNED BUDGET Extension Service Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1. Agriculture Extension Service. 100,000 150,000 na na 2. Sigatoka Valley Improvement Programme. 1,000,000 1,000,000 na na 3.R&D Export Promotion Programme 1 2,000,000 2,000,000 na na 4.R&D Import Substitution Programme 3,000,000 2,000,000 na na 5. Rotuma Island development programme. 0 200,000 0 0 6. Agriculture show 0 100,000 0 0 Agriculture extension This project is for food security crops planting material multiplication, agro-inputs, farmer capacity building, and awareness. Sigatoka Valley Improvement Programme The projects aim to provide drainage and irrigation facilities under the one third, two third basis. Proposal for 2010 is to facilitate intensive use of available farmlands for the production of high value cash crops fro local and export market. The target areas covers 600ha consisting of 500 farmers with current combined production estimated 12,950 tonnes. The projects will directly benefit 3,500 farmers and 12,000 family members. R&D Export promotion Programme This programme is a consolidation of both crop and livestock extension/research projects of MPI with the special emphasis on those commodities that have the potential to do well in the export market with a view to boosting the non-sugar agriculture sector contribution to national exports R&D Import Substitution Programme This programme is a consolidation of both livestock and crop extension/research projects with a view of strengthening local production of crops and livestock that can substitute import. This will see the promoting of both production and consumption of local foods which can in turn contribute to addressing the issue of our high food import bills. Rotuma Island Development programme The projects entail to provide a holistic development approach to develop Rotuma islands primary industries to enable sustainable development and foster a long term trading with other Pacific Island countries beginning with Tuvalu than expanding to Kiribati and other Pacific Island countries. Agriculture show To provide awareness to the general public and stakeholders on the type of services available from the Ministry. The Agricultural show will promote Agriculture in the country as a whole. Directly the public will be more aware of the services and activities that are currently offered by the ministry. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 40 5.2 Research Division 14 Objective Research division has the mandate to devise and develop adaptable and affordable technologies for the enhancement of the agriculture sector Division’s Outcome: Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) Supply of seeds and planting materials. Crop Improvement Crop Protection and Export Pathways Pesticide registration Chemical analytical services Information generation and dissemination Outputs Conserve and maintain all existing plant genetic resources in field germplasm, seed cooler and seed gene-banks and Establish inventory of all PGR conserved Collection of eroded varieties of crops. Micro-propagate multiply and conserve vegetative plant materials through tissue culture. Renovate and upgrade tissue culture laboratory. Production and supply of foundation, farmer seeds & planting materials of various commodities and seeds of pawpaw, chillies and eggplant specified under BQA with NZ and other trading partners Introduce and evaluate improved genetic materials of various potential and emerging crops. Assess appropriate production and crop management practices to increase yield potentials. Demonstrate farming systems for adaptability and its potential benefits. Design and develop appropriate farm machineries to ease crop production. Develop/recommend pest management systems and standards to enhance production and trade. Conduct plant health diagnostics and recommend control measures Regulate, enforce and advice on the pesticide importation, sale and usage compliance to pesticide act. Conduct chemical analysis for soil, plant, feed, food and forensic samples. Conduct Pesticide residue analysis to determine pesticide levels in agricultural produce. Formulate, compile, publish and distribute research findings. Disseminate information through awareness programmes, farmer training, and field days. Strengthen linkages with regional and international agricultural institutions for new findings Programme Overview: The transfer of the innovation and provision of scientific, technical and professional service are the integral part of the division function. The division comprises 94 scientific and administrative staff with 157 field workers all of whom are distributed at eight research station. Though there is no research funding on our on going program, there is only one capital project approved. The focus will be directed towards Tropical Fruit Research on assorted vegetable; Conservation and Maintenance of National Biodiversity; Crop protection , pesticide registration; 14 Research programme was unfunded in 2009 and most of their activities was sourced from EPP and ISP funds Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 41 provision of Technical Advisory and support services and nursery stock which are currently in the ground and on-going. PLANNED BUDGET Research & Development service Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1. Laboratory setup for Accreditation. 0 184,300 43,000 39,000 2. Development of Soil Fertility Technology. 0 27,500 27,500 0 3. Root Crop Research & Development. 0 82,850 50,650 45,100 4. Rice Research & Development. 0 265,000 230,000 105,000 5. Vegetable & Cereal Research. 0 53,700 46,400 42,400 6. Farm Mechanisation Services. 0 37,000 17,000 17,000 7. Management of Rice insect Pest. 0 38,000 32,500 19,750 8. Integrated Management of Wedelia. 0 20,000 20,000 24,000 9. Integrated Pest Management on Brassica Crop. 0 54,146 0 0 10. Management of Taro Beetles. 0 5,000 5,000 5,000 11. Biological Control of Mile-a Minute. 0 18,757 18,757 19,757 12. Pest Management of Coconut Insect. 0 35,050 24,550 24,600 13. Management of Fruit Flies in Rotuma 0 30,000 22,000 14,000 14.Ginger Research & Development 0 78,891 44,900 44,900 15.Research & Development for Dry Zone Commodities 0 70,000 82,000 99,000 16.Fruit and Pineapple Research 0 69,400 63,000 60,000 17.Agriculture Research Services- Crops 15 0 300,000 0 0 Laboratory setup for Accreditation. To prepare the Fiji Agriculture Chemistry laboratory as an ending tool for the Government analyst to administer under the Pure Food Act 1985 Cap 116, and Food Safety Act 2003 and the Research to perform and work in accordance with international criteria for technical competence. Development of Soil Fertility Technology. This project entails to address the relevant stakeholders the importance of soil testing and how best these data be utilized in order to achieve the maximum return of their lime and fertilizer investment. 15 This research funding will facilitate all research components submitted and are not funded above Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 42 Root Crop Research & Development. The project aims to release new varieties which specific to climate requirements with the required cultural practices and tolerant to salinity and dry spell. The project also aims to improve low cost and using simple hand operated tiller. Rice Research & Development. Rice is one such crop that has great potential and fits well in this cycle and in the nature of our rural people. Fiji has the 18,000 acreage under rice and with the production of about 15,000 tonnes. At the current rate of population growth the country‟s rice demand is expected to grow into an additional requirement of 500 to 600 tones per annum, reaching a total of 58,000 tonnes by 2010. This project is geared to address the support needs to focus particularly on enabling poor rural producers to improve their yields through effective use of existing technology and/or adoption of new technology. Vegetable & Cereal Research. The project will conduct research on crops for import substitution and production of quality seeds that required under the Bilateral Quarantine Agreement (BQA).The introduction and evaluation of new varieties to replace the existing export varieties is fundamental to the growth of vegetable production in Fiji. The development of continuous vegetable production in collaboration with the Taiwan technical Mission (TTM) will ensure the availability of quality vegetables throughout the year. It is important to maintain the characteristics of existing varieties to prevent the depletion of genetic resources. Farm Mechanisation Services. The project aims to design and develop prototypes of equipment fro harvesting fruits such as mangoes, breadfruit and papaya. The primary objective is to fabricate simple cost effective agricultural tools and equipment appropriate to the needs of farming community. Management of Rice insect Pest. Since the Ministry is trying to revive the rice industry, it is important to develop appropriate measures for rice insect pest so that rice development programme is not affected. These pest attack at all stage of growth. Evidence indicates that the severity and frequency of attack can wipe out the entire crop if not controlled at the right time. For example the brown plant hopper (Nilapervata Lugens) and rice leaf roller (Susumia exigua). Integrated Pest Management has been accepted as the rationale approach to the regulation of rice pest population. Integrated Management of Wedelia To manage wedelia, in order to reduce its potential impact on agricultural production and native flora of Fiji. This project aimed at: declaring Sphagneticolatriolobata noxious weed, and develop national protocols for its control and eradication from islands and habitats where it can be potentially invasive and ecologically destructive. Integrated Pest Management on Brassica Crop Brassica crops, especially English and Chinese cabbages, are important commodities fro both large and small farmers in Fiji. The prevailing practice to combat the endemic insect pest complex, the main constraints to the industry, cause serious economic and environmental problems. Collaborative research and extension activities is being carried out by Department of griculture, The University of Queensland and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community to facilitate the adoption and uptake of integrated pest management (IPM) as a component of sustainable agricultural management system for Brassica crops which is funded by ACIAR. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 43 Management of Taro Beetles The latest research finding funded by ACIAR in the last 4 years found insecticides Imidacloprid and Bifenthrin very effective (> 90% control ) against dalo beetle. This is a 25 year of research that also includes the testing of bio-control agents‟ namely insect pathogenic viruses, bacteria fungi and nematodes. Residue analysis test conducted by the USP Chemistry Department shows the residue levels in treaded dalo corms were far below indicating it is safe to eat. Therefore the project disseminate the proper handling, correct methods and techniques of Imidacloprid and Bifenthrin insecticide application to dalo farmers to control dalo beetle through the establishment of modified Demonstration Farmer Field School to gain hands on experience. Biological Control of Mile-a Minute This project will implement a classical biological control against one of he most important weeds, mile-a-a minute (Mikania micratha) as ranked by the 2004 meeting of Pacific Heads of Plant Protection affecting gardens and estate crops in Fiji. Pest Management of Coconut Insect Control of coconut insect pest is necessary because of the increase in their population. It has been found that the bio-agents for R. beetle virus (Baculobvirus oryctes) and fungus. (Metarhizium anisopliae) released in the field loose their viability. There is a need to disseminate the bio-agents in the field continuously. The population of the bio agents that were released in 1950‟s and 70‟s have decreased. This could be due to changes in farming system. Management of Fruit Flies in Rotuma This project aimed to open market for the export of fresh fruits and vegetables fresh from Rotuma.It involves the culturing of the 2 economic fruit fly species; fruit fly trapping and host surveys; development of field control strategies using protein bait spraying and male pheromones, field sanitation, and bio control agents and non host status test. Ginger Research & Development Since ginger is mostly grown in the wetter areas of Viti Levu mainly the Central division there is high chance of getting infected planting materials, which will affect the export quality of the ginger. The project is therefore conducted in the drier areas targeting mainly the sugar cane belt areas in the western division. It is mainly focus on conducting applied research to develop appropriate technologies such as comparing the yield performance of ginger on raised and un raised beds. Tissue culture activities will also be included since it is one of the safest and fastest ways of producing, conserving and maintaining our GPR. Research & Development for Dry Zone Commodities Farming systems and practices has been seen to changing due to farmers losing interest in sugarcane farming. Efforts have to be made through research to develop technologies to support his new development. With the expiring land leases and reduction in sugar preferential prices from European Union, there is a possibility that most of the farmers that are actively involved will opt for other alternative crops for their livelihood that can generate income faster for cash crops. Legalega Research station aims to provide sugarcane farmers with viable copping systems to enhance production and livelihood of farmers. Fruit and Pineapple Research The projects highlighted are to improve fruit facilities fro reliable data for applied research. To expand our organic industry into new heights to excel in producing papaya. Farmers will have a guide to maximize their production through organic practices. Organic farming is about enhancing and promoting bio- diversity, biological cycles and a well balance ecosystem. This project expects to reduce the effects which the current practice has done to our natural resources. Most health problems that arise today are results of our eating habits and organic practice will surely address this issue in a way. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 44 5.3 Animal Health & Production Objective To serve the livestock industries, livestock farmers, small per owners, importers and exporters and other stakeholders needs by promoting the economic development of Fiji agricultural development and sustainable use of resources on which they based Division’s Outcome: Effective and efficient management of the Livestock Extension Services, Veterinary, and Research Services. Effective and efficient consultancy services in livestock Production Effective and efficient consultancy services- Veterinary. Effective operation of Animal Pound Licensing Compliance and monitoring-Provision of Dog Licenses and control. Licensing Compliance and Monitoring Import /Export of Agricultural Produce Research Publications- Pasture Development Output Consultations with relevant stakeholders to clarify roles and needs. Establish benchmarks and data base of all livestock commodities in terms of numbers, distribution, production systems and technical and financial matters. Prepare and formulate policies, projects and programmes. Submission of annual budget proposal and work programme. Monitor and evaluate achievements. Review and report progress Maintain and Update a data base on all technical and financial information on Dairy, Beef, Sheep, Goats, Pigs, Poultry and Bees. Identify industry problems and needs. Prepare Industry plans and project proposals for import substitution, export promotion and ROI and other funding sources. Prepare Extension Implementation Conduct a farm appraisal and consultancy services to farmers, prepare farm plans for FDB. Developing Demonstration farms. Prepare Farmers leaflets and bulletins Conduct Farm Visits and Field Days. Conduct farmers and staff training Provision of Agro Inputs/Incentives Capital Development/Access Roads/Vehicle Monitor and report Farmers progress and achievement. Review and re-plan Extension programme and objectives for upcoming year. Procurement and sales of drugs. Attending to clinical cases. TB Testing Meat Inspection Veterinary Pathology Reporting of country‟s disease status to international organization. Maintenance and construction of animal pound. Mount stray animal control campaign. Procurement and sales of dog licenses Mount Dog Control campaign. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 45 Report Defaulters to Police. Issue import and export permit Provide risk analysis of imports. Review and develop health protocols for imports. Develop technologies in animal nutrition. Develop packages in animal husbandry and management practices. Documentation of research findings. Prepare technical bulletins and research publications. Disseminate technologies to stakeholders. Programme Overview: The Department through the Animal health division has an equally great challenge of maintaining the sustainable production of livestock in the country while at the same time facilitate expansion to meet the growing demand for meat products locally. Another key aim of the department is to provide animal health, regulatory and technical service to maintain and improve current animal health status and prevent the introduction of exotic pest and disease. However the outbreak of Brucellosis in the central division is a reality check for the department in regards to our processes. The department has a key role to play in the push towards making the dairy industry self sufficient within 6 years this is the target set, despite current low production rates. There are 210 registered dairy farms carrying a total of 9,000 dairy cattle and producing about 12 million litres of milk annually. Production is low for reasons such as lack of replacement stock, poor pastures, lameness and mastitis. The overall performance of the livestock sector in the last decade has been mixed with some commodities like beef declining in production. While the production of some commodities like poultry and honey ahs gradually increased, others have stagnated or decline. The total number of cattle in the country stands at 284,000 with beef farmers keeping between 50 to 500 animals each. The goat industry received a lot of support from FAO in 1980 but currently the number is declining due to high mortality and cost of treatment to internal parasites. It is difficult for the department to estimate the total goat production because of the backyard slaughtering. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 46 PLANNED BUDGET Anima Health & Production service Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1. Dairy Industry Support. 750,000 850,000 1,078,784 1,095,900 2. BTEC. 500,000 600,000 435,000 458,000 3. Livestock feed technology. 400,000 300,000 220,000 242,000 4. Vet Lab upgrading. 200,000 180,000 334,000 330,500 5. Agriculture research Service. 150,000 150,000 637,000 522,000 6. Milk price subsidy (RCDC) 2,000,000 2,000,000 na na 7. Pig Research & Development 0 100,000 na na 8. Goat Breeding Improvement programme. 150,000 150,000 107,250 94,750 9. Beef Research & Development 0 150,000 na na 10. Livestock Rehabilitation programme 16 0 1,500,000 na na 11.Smallholder sheep development 0 150,000 0 0 Dairy Industry Support Dairy sector has great potential to be revamped to reduce current exorbitant imports and as a cushion to current hike in dairy product prices. Focus is on developing small holder milk producers due to the impending expiry of land leases for most large producers. The department will embark on activities related to key areas such as pasture development, genetic improvement, semi intensive feeding, and dairy infrastructure development. Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Campaign Programme (BTEC). Bovine TB is a contagious livestock disease that can also affect humans. It lowers production by 10-15% in the beef and dairy industry, apart from affecting pigs, sheep, goat and poultry. In 2010 the project intends to test around 100,000 cattle in all over Fiji with the aim of reducing the current infection rate of 1.44% to 1.0%. Livestock feed technology The project address the nutrition of livestock for production of meat and milk.It also addresses problems of pasture base fed resources by identifying superior high yielding and better adapted varieties and increasing their commercial adoption and good management for continued high levels of livestock production and productivity through out the year. 16 New PSIP submission for Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication programme Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 47 Vetenairy pathology laboratory upgrading The upgrading of laboratory equipment is an important factor for efficient and reliable laboratory testing to comply with international standards. Agriculture Research Service This project involves the upgrading of all agriculture research stations in the country i.e both livestock and Crops. In livestock station special emphasis will be on improving genetic of breeder animals in order to provide new improved breed to farmers‟ fro better production. Milk price subsidy programme (RCDC). The main objective of the programme is to provide support on milk price at farm gate to dairy suppliers. The project will support all smallholder and large suppliers of milk to RCDC. The subsidy programme aimed at supporting famers to increase their milk supply to the company thus increase production. Pig research and development programme. The main objective of the project is to improve and increase production of desirable pig. To breed, sell and distribute breeders to multiplication station and farmers for commercial production and to maintain the continuity of introduction of improved breeds for evaluated of performance under local condition. Goat Breeding Improvement programme The main objective of the project is to readily make available to farmers quality breeding stock for upgrading of their goat herd. The project will support farmers‟ assistance programme aimed at assisting famers to increase their goat herd production and productivity. Beef Research & Development programme. The main objective of the project is to introduce significant intervention measures through improving nutrition and breed to increase beef production, the project will shift its strategy to concentrate on only two major factors, namely nutrition and breed improvement. Livestock rehabilitation programme. The main objective of the project is to test cattle covering the three Divisions (Northern, Western and Central & Eastern) in order to reduce the level of bovine tuberculosis infection from 1.44% to 0.01% thereby increasing the number of confirmed Free (CF) and Provisional Clear (PC) farms, and at the same time, reducing the Restricted (R) and Infected farms (IF) in the next five years. Smallholder sheep programme. The smallholder sheep industry development project is designed to stimulate the growth of the local sheep industry through upgrading the local breed called Fiji Fantastic and the implementation of an assistance programme aimed at promoting the development of the smallholder sheep famers throughout the country. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 48 SUPPORT SERVICE PROGRAMME 5.4 Administration & Finance Division Responsibility: Deputy Secretary Corporate Service and Planning Director Human Resource and Finance Objective Provide an enabling environment that supports the achievements of the department objectives. Programme Overview: The administration and finance division supports the work of the department, the office of the Permanent Secretary, as well as the administration and financial management programme. Collectively this division provides strategic leadership and overall management of the department. The Director Human Resource and Finance has the responsibility to oversee and monitor the performance of the department against the stated strategic PLANNED BUDGET General Administration Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1.Tutu Training 250,000 350,000 0 0 2.CIDA 1,300,000 1,000,000 7,466,600 6,236,600 3.AMA 1,750,000 1,000,000 0 0 Tutu Training Centre On the agriculture training needs, Tutu training Centre is focused its education and training programmes to train youth groups to enter into commercial farming agriculture rather than on training of public service positions in that regard, Tutu Training Centre it should be involved more in providing non-formal training to school drop outs and adult youth group of the nation, therefore they are able to develop appropriate technology to meet the national need. Coconut Industry Development Authority CIDA‟s mission of revitalizing the coconut industry and providing sound research and extension services will be undertaken through out the coconut growing areas in close liaison with the CPPAs. This is to ensure sustainable commercial resource levels, enabling farmers to benefit from economies of scale, partake more in coconut-based economic activities, and increase real income in the process. Activities will be continued on the Vanua Levu & Viti Levu main land and Taveuni and similar activities in the Eastern division subjected to the availability of funds. Agriculture Marketing Authority Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 49 AMA will provide marketing access for farming communities not reached by other traders. Private sector has been limiting its service to selected areas whereby people, producers living in inaccessible areas were not been served as complained by private sector as uneconomical areas. AMA will facilitate its operation to serve the inaccessible areas not served by private sector. This is a social obligation that government bestowed on AMA. 5.5 Economic Planning & Statistics Division Objective Provide necessary information for developing and monitoring the agriculture sector. Division’s Outcome: Clear sectoral industry plan Policy advise Monitoring and Evaluation of capital projects Output Establish industry problems and needs with stakeholders Updating agriculture data base and benchmarking;  Market information;  tikina base profile;  argriculture census  farm management  Information system. Provide, prepare and review policy papers, Prepare industry and commodity plans. Compile corporate plan & business plan for the ministry. To coordinate and facilitate the training of staff in:  marketing,  project planning,  monitoring, coordinate export promotion and import substitution projects evaluation and report writing; appraisal and compilation of all agricultural projects Review and ensure compliance with monitoring format. Reporting progress and achievements in monthly, quarterly and annual reports. facilitate secretariat for Codex facilitate secretariat for foreign donor on agriculture projects Dissemination of information related to technical assistance and project funding Establish, maintain and strengthen linkages with International Agencies Programme Overview: The Economic Planning and Statistic Division efforts are aimed at ensuring that the above strategic objectives of the Government are maintained through provision of appropriate policy advice, provision of marketing information, effective project formulation and evaluation and collection of reliable agricultural statistic. More efforts need to be directed at our policy monitoring and evaluation. All units will set their focus for this year on the strategic target areas of the division, that we all achieve the outputs set out for. The division holds an important role to coordinate major projects implemented by the Department, geared towards quick economic recovery, which is a priority goal, entrusted to the interim government in the president‟s mandate. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 50 PLANNED BUDGET Economic Planning & Statistics Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1.Agriculture Census 1,500,000 400,000 0 0 2.Rural and Outer Island 2,500,000 1,500,000 0 0 National Agriculture Census On going Agriculture Statistics Programme aims to strengthen the Fiji Agriculture Statistics unit through the use of dynamic statistical operation of collecting timely, reliable and consistent agriculture data on quarterly, half yearly and annual basis using recommended methodologies. Rural and Outer Island The objective of the project is to help Government design an effective investment programme to improve earning opportunities hence reduce economic disparities in the rural and outer islands comprising of Cakaudrove and Bua provinces, the eastern and rural areas of the central division in Fiji Islands 5.6 Quarantine Division Objective The Quarantine & Inspection Services Division has a legally binding responsibility aimed at the protection of Fiji‟s Animal and Plant resources including the environment from the introduction and spread of pests/diseases as stipulated in the Plant Quarantine Act Cap 156 and Animal Quarantine Act Cap 159 which will be replaced by Bio Security Law 2008. Division’s Outcome: Policy and Legislation Administration and Support Services. Human Resource Development Monitoring and Surveillance Border Operation Post Border Operation Import Risk Analysis Emergency Response Plan (ERP) Bilateral Quarantine Agreement Technical Facilitation Market Access Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 51 Output Training and consultation on Biosecurity Law Adoption of Biosecurity Information Facility (BIF). Review of Quarantine Fees & Charges Strengthen Fiji‟s membership status and contribution to regional and international level Strengthen of Export facilitation Capacity. Monitoring and Evaluation of capital Projects Timely obtainment of Quotations and Tender board submissions Collection of revenue from service fees and charges Maintain and review of OHS Compliance of workplace, system Protective clothing and Equipment. Strengthen MIS to develop Database Conveyance Clearance Passenger and Crew and Baggage Clearance Mail and Parcel Screening Import Inspection and clearance Supervision and Conducting of Quarantine Treatment for Import consignments Post Entry Quarantine General Surveillance Import Permit and Conditions Screening and verification of applications Issuance of import permit Auditing of Biosecurity approved premises Review existing ERP Grower Registration Pack house Registration and verification Licensing – Issuance of new export license  Renewal of export license Pack house & HTFA Auditing Application of Quarantine treatment for export Consignment. Carry out inspection on all agricultural Commodities/ timber for export Certification – Issue of commercial and Personnel phytosanitary certificates Entering into BQA with US and Taiwan.Pursue with the bilateral market access with USA on pawpaw and breadfruit. Pursue with the ongoing market access of fresh ginger into Australia and cut flowers and foliage to New Zealand Pursue with market access to Tuvalu. Fruit fly surveillance and trapping Pest and Diseases survey Quarantine Awareness Upgrading and maintaining of Quarantine website. Development of internal Network system Consult with other Border Security Agencies and provide funds to print 100,000 Arrival cards. Programme Overview: Quarantine is our frontline defense in an effort to protect Fiji from threats that can destroy Fiji‟s agricultural industry and others that are harmful to humans and animal. The department has a critical role to play in Fiji‟s agricultural export earnings. It is important for Fiji‟s economy not only to earn revenue from export s but also to be able to sustain food security and food safety for our people. While concentrating on export access, the department is also vigilant in screening the country‟s borders from damaging diseases and pest from imports. The department works on Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 52 improving the current facilities and improves the manpower to affectively monitor the bio security threats to the nation PLANNED BUDGET Quarantine services Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1. Upgrading Bio security facilities. 350,000 450,000 1,812,369 1,439,265 2. BQA. 150,000 150,000 262,500 315,000 3.Quarantine awareness 25,000 50,000 120,000 150,000 4.Quarantine monitoring and surveillance 150,000 380,620 300,000 350,000 Upgrading Bio security facilities The project involves improvement of quarantine infrastructure to facilitate the quarantine of animals in transit and imported animals. Part of these facilities is for animal containment and control which will contribute to the eradication of any major pest and disease outbreak. Bilateral Quarantine Agreement Bilateral Quarantine Agreement is a Trade facilitation project meant to support the export of agricultural commodities (root crops, fruits and vegetables).Funds will be utilised in the areas of trade negotiations with the future outlook of expanding the agriculture commodity export base and addressing issues of concern with regards to agriculture trade conditions. Quarantine Awareness The projects involves the creation of Quarantine Awareness to the public at large on quarantine procedures and regulation with respect to importation and exportation of plants and animals into the country, The funding is to cater for the increasing coverage of awareness of export quality standards and the development of appropriate post border control to increase quality and quantity of export through media promotions, and training programmes on quarantine requirements. Quarantine monitoring and Surveillance Project components involve risk off shore (overseas) inspection, risk assessment and audit of import commodities from high risk counties to avoid entry of diseases and pest in Fiji. Assement of all incoming vessel, cargoes, mails and travelling passengers encompassing boarding, screening, inspection and supervision of all international arrivals and inspection of produce and certification , pest and diseases surveillance. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 53 5.7 Land & Water Resource Management Objective The Land and Water Resource Management Division provide technical support services to develop and sustain land improved for agriculture. Water resource development and management is also undertaken to improve crop yield.. The core objective of the division is to facilitate sustainable use of agricultural land and water resources through effective engineering services. Its role also extends to adaptation measures to reduce the risk and vulnerability of flooding for enhancement of production on agricultural land. Division’s Outcome: Flood Protection Land Drainage Irrigation services Watershed Management Output River Dredging  Nadi River  Rewa River  Ba Rive  Labasa River  Wailevu River  Sigatoka River River Bank Protection  Nadi River  Rewa River  Ba River  Labasa River  Sigatoka River Environment Impact Assessment  Rewa River EIA  Ba River EIA Land Drainage  Central Division- Maintenance of infrastructures  Western Division- Maintenance of infrastructures  Northern Division-Maintenance of infrastructures Irrigation  Northern Division-Maintenance of irrigation projects in Dreketi and Bua areas Watersheds  Construction retention weir dams  Installation of irrigation infrastructure Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 54 Programme Overview: Mismanagement of land and water resources is gradually resulting in the depletion of the nation‟s resources. Indiscriminate utilization of these scarce resources will have serious impacts to the fragile economy as well. These issues need to be addressed with both long and short-term measures to ensure development and management of these resources in a sustainable manner. Projected impacts of climate change and sea level rise will negatively impact on agriculture and food security, thus the need for implementation of adaptation measures to cope with or improve adaptive capacity and resilience to its adverse impacts. The activities in 2010 will involve river dredging in the Central, Western and Northern Division. Land drainage network and infrastructure rehabilitation for the Central, Western and Labasa Drainage Board, development and maintenance of irrigation schemes in Central, Western and Northern Divisions. The Watershed management program will continue with the construction of more dams and installation of irrigation facilities and infrastructure within the Nadi River Basin. The investigations under this activity will be expanded into the Ba and Labasa Watersheds. PLANNED BUDGET Land & Water Resource Management Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 Maintenance of completed Irrigation Schemes 250,000 300,000 na na Land Drainage & Flood Protection. 6,000,000 6,000,000 na na Watershed management 2,000,000 800,000 na na Drainage subsidy 8,750,000 1,600,000 na na Maintenance of completed Irrigation Schemes Project involves the maintenance of completed irrigation schemes in Central (Navua) and Northern division (Dreketi, Nasarawaqa, Korokadi, Lekutu, Boroboro) which were established some 30years ago for an estimated of $10.7million benefitting approximately 900 farmer families. The total acreage under the irrigation schemes is estimated 1,829ha and the project will continue the normal distilling works, repairs to flood gate crossing, construct new drain outlets, bund repairs and headwork maintenance. Land Drainage & Flood Protection 17 . The overall objective of the programme is to reduce the risk and vulnerability of flooding. The outcome is to mitigate flood damages in the agriculture and other sectors of the economy to promote sustainable development and improvement of the livelihood of rural communities. The project involves the dredging of three major rivers Nadi River, Labasa River and Rewa River to reduce the threat of flooding and flood damage to properties, farms and infrastructure. 17 Refer to Appendix 3- LWRM‟s Land Drainage and Flood Protection development plan proposal 2009 2012. The four (4) year plan addresses critical areas in flood mitigation and protection measures. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 55 Watershed management Damages caused by severe soil erosion are costly to rehabilitate within the watershed to maintain sustainable environment reducing river/coastal sedimentation and flooding. The project aims to tackle majority of the land that are communally owned and are now currently suffering from mismanagement. The project will involve the construction of retention dams at critical areas to control the peak flow of flood waters there by reducing the volume of water down stream and consequently minimize flooding. Drainage subsidy The objective of the programme is to improve and sustain developed land for crop production. Total of 29,000 hectares of land have been improved in the Central, Western and Northern Division. The activities involve drainage network maintenance and rehabilitation of infrastructure, agricultural land development in Cakaudrove and Sigatoka in support of crop diversification in the sugar areas, food security and export promotion commodities 5.8 Land Resource Planning and Development Objective Land is scare resource in Fiji and access to Land is a prerequisite for any development. With the current supply of land there is a need to ensure proper management of planning of land use to ensure efficient utilization. The general objective of this programme is to provide of quality and timely advice to the management and our partners on optimum land utilization techniques, to strengthen and accelerate participation and adoption of Sustainable agricultural systems for all stakeholders. Ensuring sustainable land and water utilization and management practices and accelerate the generation and use of appropriate and innovative technology. Division’s Outcome: Resettlement Farming Assistance Scheme Infrastructure Development General Advisory Services Land Use Planning Farm management Output Farmers visited during the year Farmers Training Road Up-Grading Desilting Drains Repair Submersible Pump Repair underground pipe Creek- Resectioninig Check water distribution Re-Definition 15 lots Navovo Resettlement Vunibicibici Resettlement SLM community awareness Farm management training Programme Overview: The department of Land Resources Planning & Development is committed to sustain the agricultural productivity of the nation by addressing the ALTA lease expiry issues and promoting Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 56 the farm improvement scheme. The coordination of sustainable development and management of Fiji‟s land resources is a core component of the department‟s activities. The department administers the Rural Farming Scheme for low-income earners for their improvement in farm production. The management of the Farming Assistance Scheme assists all expired Alta tenants who wish to continue farming and new indigenous farmers wishing to take up farming on expired leases. All incoming indigenous farmers and outgoing tenants are entitled to a maximum of $10,000 assistance for resettlement or establishment costs provided as a grant by the government for a smooth transition. The Department is also responsible for the resettlement of evicted tenants on farm lots developed by it. PLANNED BUDGET Land Resources Planning and Development Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1.Infrastructure Development & Land Resettlement 200,000 100,000 na na 2.Resettlement of Displaced Tenants 4,000,000 2,200,000 na na 3.Sustainable Land Management (UNDP/GEF funded) US $125,000 US $125,000 US $125,000 Infrastructure Development & Land Resettlement The projects involves the maintenance works in Vunibicibici, Navovo, Raiwaqa II and Navudi, Engineering surveying and valuation of new areas fro development to resettled ex ALTA tenants. A total of 7 freehold properties and 1 leased native land amounting to some 3172.Approximately 217 lots have been developed to date. Resettlement of Displaced Tenants The project involves the provision of $15,000 as a maximum allowable assistance to outgoing and incoming ALTA tenants to help them establish and continue sugar planting or to diversify to other crops. The programme is crucial in view of the expiring land leases in the Sugar sector which would significant impact our productivity in future, the expiring of ALTA lease will continue until 2028. Sustainable Land Management The project aims to bring about awareness and educate the nations land administrators and users on better land use management technologies. Most of the country‟s developments occur on sloping lands with unsustainable practices leading to the destruction of ecosystem functionality and integrity affecting food security and sustainable farm economies thus living standard of rural population deteriorates. It will provide support for sustainable land management technologies to minimize land degradation problems; Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 57 5.9 Fiji College of Agriculture Objective To provide the appropriate facilities and support services to effectively implement the course programme delivered at FCA. To provide the capacity for the college to expand and accommodate needs for in service training through formal, non-formal technical and management courses for DOA staff in line with Human Resources development Plan for the year 2010 and beyond. Division’s Outcome: Effective Transfer of Agricultural Knowledge & Technologies. Output Consultation with stakeholders and identify needs and roles Establish relevance and adequacy of curriculum, relative courses, infrastructure and manpower. Knowledge transfer on;  Farm Management,  Marketing,  Extension,  Crop Production,  Soil Science,  Plant Protection,  Livestock Production,  Animal Health,  Agricultural Engineering,  Farm Visits/Tour,  Farm Practical,  Field Attachment, Monitoring through Continuous Student Assessment and Staff Evaluation. Student Counseling and Staff Performance Appraisal Programme Overview: The Fiji College of Agriculture plays an important role in the provision of the Human Resource needs for the agriculture sector. Over the years the project has been done at the college peace meal basis in regards to the maintenance and improvement of the college facilities and as expected there have always been room for improvement to bring it to the standard required for such a higher learning institution as FCA. PLANNED BUDGET FCA Sub programme 2009 2010 2011 2012 1.Upgrading of FCA 300,000 500,000 285,000 25,000 Upgrading of FCA facilities The projects goal is to upgrade the college facilities to a more appropriate learning environment offering a wider scope for education and training that would meet national needs. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 58 6.0 SUMMARY: KEY PERFORMANCE AREAS 2010-2012 6.1 IMPORT REDUCTION TARGETS Commodity 3 yr Target Strategies 2010 2011 2012 Dairy Intervention approach 18 With the current strategies in place the target set will be achieved within the timeframe (2010-2012) Reduce dairy import by $16 m. Produce 37m liters of milk valued at $18.5m Develop 6,000ha improved pasture. Importation of 6,000 milking cows over 3 years Costs Total cost of Importation $32m @ AU$3,000 av. (FJ$ 5357) landed cost for each animal Total cost $26.6m (exclude cost of acquisition of land) Under the proposed strategy a total 37 million litres of extra milk would be produced valued at $18m by 2012 *At the end of the year 2015, all 6,000 cows would have reached their maximum production potential of 15.0 litres milk/cow/day producing in excess of about 30.0M litres of milk annually. Import first batch of 2,400 impregnated heifers (Jan). Average production / cow for the first batch is 9 liter /day. Lactation days -210 days in the first year and 60 days into 2011 giving a yield of 4.5 million liters of milk for the first year value at $$2.48m @$0.55/liters 2,400 ha needed for 2,400 cows, average carrying capacity of local pasture is 1 cattle /ha Cost: Landed Cost of importation for 2400 heifers is AU$7.2m CIF@ $3,000 per animal or FJ$12.9 m. Pasture Improvement 2400 ha @ $1500/ha- $.3.6m Supplementary feed -2000tons@ $840 $1.68m.  Import cost (CIF) $12.9 m  Production Cost $5.28 Total Costs : $18.18m BCR = 0.14 Import second batch of 2,400 impregnated heifers (Jan). Lactation days for first batch who have their first calving continues for another 60 days Production from the first batch t second calving will increase to 10.5litres/cow/day. Second batch start calving in may and continue lactation for 210 and another 60 days in 2012 A total of 11.7million litres of extra milk at a value of $6.4m will be produced this year. Additional 2,400 ha needed for 2,400 additional cows, Cost: Landed Cost of importation for 2400 heifers is AU$7.2m CIF@ $3,000 per animal – equivalent to FJ$12.9 m. Pasture Improvement 2400 ha@ $1500 /ha $.3.6m Supplementary feed 2000tons@ $840 $1.68m.  Import cost (CIF) $12.9 m  Production Cost- $5.2 Total Costs : $18.18m BCR = 0.14 Import third batch of 1,200 impregnated heifers (Jan). 1 st Batch cows in 2 nd calving lactate for another 3 months, dry off for a month and join milking herd for another 240 days during the year 1 st batch reach maximum potential of 15lites/cow/day 2 nd batch of cows which are in their 2 nd calving phase continue lactating for 240 days in the 2 nd year Production from the 2 nd Batch of cows that are in their 2 nd calving will increase to 10.5 litres/cow/day Third batch will start calving in may and continue lactation for 210 days @ 9Liters/cow/day A total of 12.2m liters of extra milk valued at $10.3m. Cost: Additional 1,200 ha needed for 1,200 cows, Landed Cost of importation heifers is AU$3.6m CIF@ $3,000 per animal, equivalent to $FJ6.45m Pasture Improvement 1200 ha - $.1.8m @ $1500 /ha Supplementary feed $800,000  Import cost (CIF) $6.45 m  Production Cost- $2.6 Total Costs : $9.05 BCR = 1.14 18 Refer to appendix 4 - AH&P Import Reduction Strategies for Dairy 2009 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 59 Potato Reduce potato import by $16 m Plant 1326ha Total cost $5m Reduce Approx $5.3 million imports per year Production/ yr = 5,300 tons of Potatoes 442 ha needed to plant to harvest 5,300 tons per year Cost to prepare 442ha is $ 94,588 663 tons of seeds costing $530,400 1342.6 mt of Urea & NPK costing $165,308 and if Poultry manure is used than additional cost of $ 442,000 Weedicides $ 23,868 Pesticide $ 9,341 5 Tractor and Implements for $0.4m Production Input $1,265,505 Investment $400,000 Total $1,665,505 CBR = 3.2 Potato being a new commodity a lot of technical support will be needed by farmer. Staff and farmer trainings have to organized to ensure optimum production is achieved Reduce Approx $5.3 million imports per year Production/ yr = 5,300 tons of Potatoes 442 ha needed to plant to harvest 5,300 tons per year Cost to prepare 442ha is $ 94,588 663 tons of seeds costing $530,400 1342.6 mt of Urea & NPK costing $165,308 and if Poultry manure is used than additional cost of $ 442,000 Weedicides $ 23,868 Pesticide $ 9,341 5 Tractor and Implements for $0.4m Production Input $1,265,505 Investment $ 400,000 Total 1,665,505 CBR = 3.2 Reduce Approx $5.3 million imports per year Production/ yr = 5,300 tons of Potatoes 442 ha needed to plant to harvest 5,300 tons per year Cost to prepare 442ha is $ 94,588 663 tons of seeds costing $530,400 1342.6 mt of Urea & NPK costing$165,308 and if Poultry manure is used than additional cost of $ 442,000 Weedicides $ 23,868 Pesticide $ 9,341 5 Tractor and Implements for $0.4m Production Input $1,265,505 Investment $ 400,000 Total $1,665,505 CBR = 3.2 Rice Reduce Rice import by $35m Produce 43,500mt Plant 10,000ha Total cost $15m $11.6 million = 14,500 tons of rice 3,222ha needed to plant/harvest 14,500 tons of rice/year Cost to prepare 7,962 acres = $773,280 Amount of seed required = 96,660kg seeds Cost of seed = $45,430 Amount of fertilizer required = 375,363kg Cost of fertilizer = $508,141 3,222ha needed to plant/harvest 14,500 tons of rice/year Cost to prepare 7,962 acres = $773,280 Amount of seed required = 96,660kg seeds Cost of seed = $45,430 Amount of fertilizer required = 375,363kg Cost of fertilizer = $508,141 Other Expenses Seed Bed & Transplanting = $1,031,040 Weed = $964,409 Insect = $975,396 Fertilizer Labor = $32,220 3,222ha needed to plant/harvest 14,500 tons of rice/year Cost to prepare 7,962 acres = $773,280 Amount of seed required = 96,660kg seeds Cost of seed = $45,430 Amount of fertilizer required = 375,363kg Cost of fertilizer = $508,141 Other Expenses Seed Bed & Transplanting = $1,031,040 Weed = $964,409 Insect = $975,396 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 60 Other Expenses Seed Bed & Transplanting = $1,031,040 Weed = $964,409 Insect = $975,396 Fertilizer Labor = $32,220 Harvesting & Post Harvesting = $708,840 Total cost per year = $5,038,756 Harvesting & Post Harvesting = $708,840 Total cost per year = $5,038,756 Fertilizer Labor = $32,220 Harvesting & Post Harvesting = $708,840 Total cost per year = $5,038,756 Beef Concerted approach 19 With the current strategies in place the target set will be achieved within the timeframe (2010-2012) Reduce beef imports by $7 m over 3 yrs Reduce Approx $2.3 million per yr $2.3 million= 583.33 tons of beef A total of 2,385 prime steers would be need to achieve this or 795 animals per year over three years Concerted effort to capture all unwanted/surplus bull calves from dairy industry for grazing and fattening in a semi feedlot system for beef production Corresponded to Dairy import reduction strategy it is expected that a total of 15,600 beef animal will be available from dairy industry by end of 2012 this includes 5,520 bobby calves,5520 year two steers and 4,560 year three steers. Total cost $16.05m Surplus bull calves 960 born from imported cows and 3,600 from other dairy farms will be collected and reared on selected rearing farms. Animal will reach a body weight of 125kg by end of 2010 Live weight value (on-hoof) for these animal $1m Cost : 2166 Ha of improved pasture is required. Cost of Pasture improvement of ha $3.25m @$1500/ha Cost of Encalf Milk (10400 bags @ $105.72) - $1.01m. Cost of Formulated Feed (1333 tons @ $820 /ton)- $1.09m Total Production Cost – $5.35m  No animal will be slaughtered this year Surplus bull calves 1,920 born from imported cows and 3,600 from other dairy farms will be collected and reared on selected rearing farms. Animal will reach a body weight of 307kg by end of 2011 Combined Live weight value (on-hoof) for these animal $2.5m Cost : 2166 Ha of improved pasture is required. Cost of Pasture improvement of 1,192 ha $3.25m @$1500/ha Cost of Encalf Milk (10400 bags @ $105.72) - $1.01m. Cost of Formulated Feed (1333 tons @ $820 /ton) $1.09m Total Production Cost – $5.35m  No animal will be slaughtered this year Another 1,920 born from imported cows and 3,600 will joined the initial herd of the previous. Animal will reach a body weight of 307kg by end of 2011 Combined Live weight value (on-hoof) for these animal $3.35m All year 2010 animals i.e. steer III (4,560) will reach slaughter weight of around 500kg and will be slaughtered during the middle of year producing average carcass weight of 245kg per steer. Total carcasses adds up to 1,117tonnes @ a price of $12/kg valued at $13.4m Cost : 2166 Ha of improved pasture is required. Cost of Pasture improvement of 1,192 ha $3.25m @$1500/ha Cost of Encalf Milk (10400 bags @ $105.72) $1.01m. Cost of Formulated Feed (1333 tons @ $820 /ton) $1.09m Total Production Cost – $5.35m 19 Refer to appendix 4- AH&P Import Reduction Strategy for Beef 2009 , A concerted approach with Dairy industry Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 61 Sheep Grand National Approach 20 This sheep “Fiji Fantastic®” breed is special for Fiji one that can survive the tropical climate Due to insufficient number of female stock, it is not possible to achieve this target within the three year time period. With the efficient implementation of the strategies outlined , the set target will only be achieved in the year 2015. Reduce Lamb/mutton import by $10m Reduce approx $3.3 m per yr $3.3m =275 tons of sheep meat To achieve this target approximately 25,000 sheep (prime quality) is needed annually. This will require a breeding herd of at least 83,065 (79,870 Ewes and 3,195 breeding Rams). Current sheep population 13,000 with a ewe population of 7550. A „Grand National Approach‟ whereby all ewes around the country will be maintained for a period of three years to build stock. Government policy to restrict slaughtering of ewe less than 5 years old Cost Land -Total acreage 11210ha (3,737ha annually) Total cost of pasture Improvement $12.33m Supplementary Feed $2.98m. Infrastructure Development – $5.5 m Total Cost $20.81 (for three years) Rearing and Multiplication Total of 7,550 ewes will be selected around the country Selected ewes will stay on their original farms as these farms will be classed as host farms. Established host farms for multiplication centers. Gear farms to practice off season breeding. A total of 8,022 sheep will be slaughtered with an estimated carcass weight of 96.2 6 tonnes Total estimated value of the carcass is around $998,865 @ $12.00 per Kg All host farm to continue maintaining their ewe population whilst practicing combination of seasonal & off season mating. Strategies to put in place to maintain a minimum stock of 100 ewes on all host farms. A total of 15,207 is estimated to be slaughtered with an estimated carcass value of $1,824,801 Host farms continue seasonal & off- seasonal mating in order to maintain ewe population Ewe to Ram ratio will be maintained at 1:25 In order to maintain good genetics and to avoid inbreeding, the breeding Rams will be culled every five years. The replacement stock will be through exchange scheme in between host farms. Ewes will be culled in their eight lambing phase. By end of 2012 the total ewe population would be around 21,396; however it will not be sufficient to sustain the programmed 25,000 slaughter annually. A total of 257.17tnnes of local lamb worth $2,830,723 will be produced during the year 2012 (Source: EP&S Import Reduction Analysis 2009) 20 Refer to appendix 4- AH&P Import Reduction Strategy for Sheep 2009 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 62 6.2 EXPORT PROMOTION TARGETS Commodity 3 year Targets 2010 2011 2012 Root crop development programme (Dalo Cassava) Increase production for export commodities by 30% Increase number of farmer groups particularly in the rural areas. Farmer training in technical farming management. Address pest and diseases Dalo production to increase from 74,000 74,025 tonnes Increase dalo planting (from 1143 to 1239ha) Phase planting coordination in farmer groups. Increase consultation between exportation and farmer groups. Increase assistance to farmer groups. Increase planting by 10 15% to account for loss. Cassava production to increase from 55,773 56,181 tonnes Increase cassava planting (from 6137 to 7048ha) particular in Central and Western division. Dalo production to increase from 74,025 81,409 tonnes Increase dalo planting (from 1239 to 1335ha) Phase planting coordination in farmer groups. Increase consultation between exportation and farmer groups. Increase assistance to farmer groups. Increase planting by 10-15% to account for loss. Cassava production to increase from 56,181 61,779 tonnes Increase cassava planting (from 7048 to 7960ha) particular in Central and Western division. Dalo production to increase from 81,409 89,550 tonnes Increase dalo planting (from 1335 to 11432ha) Phase planting coordination in farmer groups. Increase consultation between exportation and farmer groups. Increase assistance to farmer groups. Increase planting by 10-15% to account for loss. Cassava production to increase from 61,779 67,979tonnes Increase cassava planting (from 7960 8870ha) particular in Central and Western division. Papaya Increase production for papaya by 30% Papaya production to increase from 7,265 7,274 tonnes Increase pawpaw area from 69 to 76ha. Papaya production to increase from 7,274 8,000 tonnes Increase pawpaw area from 76 to 83ha Papaya production to increase from 8,000 8,800 tonnes Increase pawpaw area from 83 to 90ha Ginger Ginger production to increase by 30% Increase yield per unit area (18-20 tonnes/ha) Increase area planted from 150ha to 187ha Increase immature ginger production for export (from 1,893 to 2,512 tonnes) Increase area planted from 187ha to 224ha Increase immature ginger production for export (from 2,512 to 2,763 tonnes) Increase area planted from 224ha to 261ha Increase immature ginger production for export (from 2,763 to 3,040tonnes) Increase area planted from 261ha to 298ha Kava Increase Production by 30% Increase export from 183.4t to 265.9t Increase in area planted from 889ha to 1,289.5ha. Increase in the number of farming groups. Selection of disease free planting materials. Tissue culture (SPC) and adaption of better husbandry practices. Subsidised cost of inputs provided to farmer groups. Kava production to increase from 3,286 3,506 tonnes Increase export from 183.4t to 210.9t Increase in area planted from 889ha to 1,022.5ha. Increase in the number of farming groups. Selection of disease free planting materials. Tissue culture (SPC) and adaption of better husbandry practices. Subsidised cost of inputs provided to farmer groups. Kava production from 3,506 tonnes to 3,857tonnes Increase export from 210.9t to 238.4t Increase in area planted from 889ha to 1,156ha. Increase in the number of farming groups. Selection of disease free planting materials. Tissue culture (SPC) and adaption of better husbandry practices. Subsidised cost of inputs provided to farmer groups. Kava production to increase from 3,587 4,243 tonnes Increase export from 238.4t to 265.9t Increase in area planted from 1,156ha to 1,289.5ha. Increase in the number of farming groups. Selection of disease free planting materials. Tissue culture (SPC) and adaption of better husbandry practices. Subsidised cost of inputs provided to farmer groups. Other potential commodity: pineapple, water melon, citrus Increase fruit production for exports and local market, particularly Sigatoka valley and Batiri Increase pineapple area from 91 to 127ha Increase watermelon area from 164 to 263ha. Increase pineapple area from 91 to 109ha Increase watermelon area from 164 to 197ha. Increase pineapple area from 109 to 127ha Increase watermelon area from 197 to 230ha. Increase pineapple area from 127 to 145ha Increase watermelon area from 230 to 263ha. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 63 7.0 OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC ENTITIES 7.1 Agriculture Marketing Authority The Agriculture Marketing Authority Act No. 2 of 2004 established AMA to facilitate the purchase, sale and exportation of agro-produce and for related matters. The authority will provide the following service as covered in the AMA Act.  Assist the producers of agro-produce in marketing of their products.  To identify markets for and to facilitate and develop marketing of agro- produce  To purchase, sell and export and import agro-produce or import agro- inputs. 7.2 Coconut Industry Development Authority The Coconut Industry Development Authority core function is to administer the revitalization and future development of the coconut industry in Fiji with the intended objective to develop the coconut industry in Fiji on an integrated basis in order to achieve increased production of coconut lands in the traditional and plantation areas. To enhance the coconut industry‟s contribution to the life and economic development of Fiji by rationalization and modernisation of the processing of coconut products. 7.3 Yaqara Pastoral Co. Ltd Yaqara Pastoral Company Ltd is a 100 percent government owned commercial company under the Ministry of Public Enterprises and Public Sector Reform. For 2010 the main strategy in the Yaqara plan is to slightly reduce cattle numbers and so reduce pressures on pasture and thus increase cattle productivity, in other words fewer but fatter higher yielding cattle, in the next three years. The core of the future business operation in Yaqara will almost certainly remain agricultural in nature, at least in the short and medium term. The price of beef has increased since 2001 from $ 2.20 per kilo to current $4.00 per kilo. Yaqara has also maintained its Brand Image as a supplier of good quality beef and beef sold under the Yaqara name commands a premium price in the local market. In the effort to reduce imports on beef there is a need to support the strengthening of our beef industry in Fiji.There is need to make the most of the cattle ranch activity from its total land area at Yaqara (4,785ha) which is 80 % graze able. For the best net revenue return from cattle on this estate the following strategies are being pursued; Maintain total cattle number at 4,500 heads with 1,800 breeders. The idea is to produce fatter cattle with greater sale weight dressing out average 230-250kg vs present 225kg. Sell 400 heifers and bulls each year to Agriculture and FMIB for breeding and fattening purposes. 7.4 Food Processors Food Processors (Fiji) Ltd was a former subsidiary of NATCO. Cabinet declared Food Processors (Fiji) Ltd a Government Commercial Company in July 2003 in accordance to the Public Enterprises Act of 1993.This company uses around 60 percent of local ingredients in its final products and is engaged in bottling, canning and vacuum-packed products like tomato, coconut cream, duruka, chestnut, breadfruit, chillies, jackfruit, honey, etc. They have been engaging in processing of local agro produce and venture into product development. While tomato is imported, the rest of the products are grown locally and others wild grown fruit like Ivi, Breadfruit and duruka. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 64 7.5 Rewa Co op Dairy Company Fiji had imported 89% of its total dairy product consumption. The remaining 11% was locally produced in the Central Division. The potential to further increase milk production in the Central Division beyond the highest milk yield recorded in 1998 of 12.8 million litres supply to RCDC is not an impossible task. This would be possible through the commitment to dairying by farmers supplying whole milk who are completely dependent on milk as a source of income. However, farmers appear to highly value the daily collection at the farm gate and the weekly payments from RCDC for their milk which makes dairy farming a favorable activity. Although RCDC subsidizes the high cost of milk collection from the farms, they perceive the industry as having low risk and sustainable. Currently there are 160 farms from four provinces around the country supplying milk to their processing centers. There are roughly 285 registered dairy farmers in the country,226 of whom make up the formal sector while 59 make up the informal sector. 8.0 DOA PROGRAMME AND OUR DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS The agriculture department appreciates the overwhelm support from the international community to address the objectives and facilitates the need of the sector. The Department technically administer twenty (23) aid-funded projects in Fiji. Four projects were completed in December 2008, thirteen are still ongoing and six waiting implementation phase. Our major aid donor is Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nation (FAO) funding thirteen projects, followed by the Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research (ACIAR), funds six major research projects. The United Nation Development Programme–Global Environmental Facility (UN/GEF) supported three Sustainable Agriculture practice projects in our Land Use Division. The total project cost is valued at F$ 11,404,430.72 8.1 AUSTRALIAN CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURE RESEARCH PROJECTS (ACIAR) 8.1.1 Policy Options for Improving the Value of Smallholder Agriculture in Fiji. To develop a system for measuring and forecasting the magnitude of smallholder subsistence production, consumption, sales and incomes. 8.1.2 Integrated Pest Management in a Sustainable Production System for Brassica Crops in Fiji (IPM). Facilitate farm survey on Brassica Crops throughout Fiji to determine parasitism levels in Fiji. 8.1.3 Improving Farming Systems for Managing Soil-borne Pathogens for Ginger in Fiji. Focused on improving ginger production systems 8.1.4 Implementation of Breadfruit Study & Xanthosomo. Involves research on breadfruit variety. 8.1.5 Taro Dasheen Mosaic Virus. Identification of virus combatant Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 65 8.1.6 Biological Control of Mikania Micrantha in Fiji. To increase and support the capacity for weed bio-control in PNG and Fiji. 8.2 UNITED NATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME & GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITY PROJECTS (UNDP/GEF). 8.2.1 UNCCD Medium size project -Capacity Building and Mainstreaming of Sustainable Land Management in Fiji. Aim is to bring about awareness and educate land administrators and users on better land use management technologies. The Land Use section is the National Focal Point for UNCCD in Fiji. The Government has benefited from financial arrangements through the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The Section submitted two proposals for GEF funding. In 2007, the government of Venezuela provided a US $2million Grant for the Pacific region to the UNCCD for combating land degradation. Fiji submitted a US$90,000 project proposal on combating land degradation through the promotion of SLM practice and UNCCD Secretariat approved the project. 8.2.2 UNCCD Venezuela grant -Combating Land Degradation in Fiji through the Promotion of Sustainable Land Management Practices. In 2007 the Government of Venezuela provided a US$2million Grant for the Pacific region to the UNCCD for combating land degradation. The Land Use section after submitting its proposal was approved US $90,000 to commence with activities to combating land degradation in Fiji through the promotion of sustainable land management practices. 8.2.3 Environment and Socio Economic Protection in Fiji: Integrated Flood Risk Management in the Nadi River Basin. To improve flood preparedness, integrate land, and water management planning within the Nadi basin using integrated water resource management approach. The project will involve formation of Nadi River Basin Catchment Committee which will be empowered to oversee integrated development with the Basin. The project cost US$500,000 spread for 5 years. 8.2.4 Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change The principal objective of the PACC is to facilitate the implementation of long-term adaptation measures to increase the resilience of a number of key development sectors in the Pacific island countries. This project would focus on enhancing, and where necessary, developing new drainage design features for drainage networks and infrastructure in lowland farming areas of Fiji. The premise for this project is that the current design of drainage networks is not able to cope with the changes in rainfall regimes and sea-level changes leading to damage by prolonged flooding of cropland and damage to crops. The project cost US$1m spread over 3 years. 8.3 NEW ZEALAND AID (NZ AID) 8.3.1 Supports to Quarantine Services. No training or any other support services provided by NZ AID in the 1 st quarter. Programme suspended by the New Zealand government. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 66 9.0 COMPLETED PROJECTS 9.1 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANISATION OF THE UNITED NATION PROJECTS (FAO), CONTINUED ON EXPANSION PHASES. 9.1.1 Regional Programme for Food Security in the Pacific Island Countries (RPFS) Under Component one of the Programme – supporting National Activities geared to enhancing production, income generation and import substitution while promoting an improved nutritional status of the population – In Fiji, the RPFS is supporting 3 national projects which are currently being implemented in Fiji as part of extension phase of the RPFS. Projects approved under the RPFS are: Rice Revitalization projects [FJD $131,147]; Milk and Beef projects [FJD $154,098]; and Chicken and duck/poultry [FJD $96,360]. 9.2 EUROPEAN UNION & SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY 9.2.1 Development of Sustainable Agriculture in the Pacific (DSAP) DSAP is a program targeted to ensuring food and incoming security for its target farm families. It is also committed to ensuring that the farming program for farm families is sustainable well after the completion of the project. 9.3 PENDING FAO PROJECTS FOR 2009-2012 1. Potential Indigenous Fruits and Vegetables (Research) 2. BQA – Papaya Development (Quarantine-HTFA) 3. Irrigation Infrastructure for Vegetables (LWRM) 4. Restoration of Nadi Water Catchments (LWRM) 5. Cakaudrove Land Drainage Project (LWRM) 6. Watershed Management Project (LRPD) Projects submitted to MFAET awaiting response from donors; Project Title Project value Year of submission Status Dairy Buffalo 2.3m 2007 IR to follow up Beef Feedlot (Fiji/Australia) 18.6m 2007 IR to follow up Navuso Methodist Farm 3.4m 2008 IR to follow up Sheep Rapid (ET) Multiplication 6.5m 2008 IR to follow up UNCCD/Venezuela SLM 0.147m 2008 IR to follow up MAPI/USP – Cornell University FCA Upgraded & New MAPI HQ 28.8m 2008 IR to follow up Rapid sheep multiplication programme $6m 2008 IR to follow up FMIB Abattoir Construction & Upgrade 4.3m 2007 IR to follow up Master Plan Study on Sustainable Agric Land Usage 5.0m 2007 IR to follow up FAO RPFS Projects x 3 FAO TCP Projects 0.374m 2007 IR to follow up Republic of Korea (Rok) Bilateral Projects x 4 2.316m 2007 IR to follow up Joint Agricultural Commission (JAC) Fiji-PRC projects TBC 2007 IR to follow up GRAND TOTAL $71.737M Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 67 10.0 List of references Alternative Livelihood Project Report (ALP), Lincoln International Ltd New Zealand 2003 Animal Health & Production Import Reduction Strategies for Dairy Report 2009 Bureau of Statistics Projections 2006 – 2008 Department of Agriculture Flood Assessment report, Crop Extension division report 2009 Economic Planning & Statistics Report 2009 Economic Planning & Statistics Import Reduction Analysis report 2009 Fiji Island Food Security Profile – WTO/FAO 2008 Food Balance Sheet Report, National Food & Nutrition Centre 2005 Roadmap for Democracy and Sustainable Socio Economic Development 2009 – 2014 Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 68 Problem Impact: Unacceptable Low Profit of Farmers Low Agricultural income Unwise use of crop and livestock proceeds Lack of off farm opportunities and value adding Lack of Market Access And Infrastructure Core Problem: Low productivity of Crop and Livestock Farms Lack of farmer‟s interest and knowledge in commercial farming Lack of funds/ Delay of Capital funding from Finance Expiring Leases Land Tenure High Premium Land Availability/ Drainage Fertility High Input Costs Dependency Culture Of current mindset Handout mentality Political influence Low profit margin Pests and Diseases Poor Husbandry Practices Mono Cropping Lack of Incentives in payment ssssystem Over Regulated Lack of Training of farmers and staffs and Support Staffs and Overall Support Services Fertilizer Price and Availability / Usage Weed Control System High Transport Costs High Harvesting Costs DOA Project Outcome Increase farmer’s confidence and productivity of all types of farming systems DOA Strategies (Corporate Plan) to address the cause : Portfolio Leadership Policy Advice and Secretariat Support Effective and efficient Technology Development and Transfer. Effective and efficient industry organisation and Market Access. Effective Building of Commercial Farming Capacity. Enabling Legislation that is conducive to productivity. Effective and efficient provision of Drainage Irrigation and Water Protection Services. Environmental Rehabilitation and Protection Services Quarantine Services Increase Profitability of farming systems through diversification (Performance Indicator) Strategies for other possible investment. Investment in farm machineries and implements. Securing EU funding as stipulated in MAIP. Donor agencies Main Causes DOA-(Project Impact): Sustainable community livelihoods in the rural areas through competitive exports of crop and livestock commodities & Poverty alleviation Mono Cropping DOA Vision: To respond to market forces in a sustainable agriculture context that reduces poverty, reduces the risk of food insecurity and increases the contribution to GDP. Lack of farm planning knowledge Lack of intercropping and Diversification or Value adding Departments Approach Appendix 1- Agriculture Problem Tree Analysis Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 69 | P a g e Appendix 2a: Target Production 21 (Tonnes) – 2010 to 2012 Major Agricultural Commodities 2010 2011 2012 Dalo 74,009 81,409 89,550 Manioc (Cassava) 56,181 61,799 67,979 Ginger 2,512 2,763 3,040 Rice 61,379 67,517 74,268 Pawpaw (papaya) 7,274 8,001 8,801 Eggplant 923 1,015 1,117 Yaqona (kava) 3,506 3,857 4,243 Guava, mangoes and mangosteen 246 270 297 Coconut 75,565 83,122 91,434 Banana 8,427 9,269 10,196 Tumeric 169 186 204 Cabbages, cauliflowers, kohlrabi 25,227 27,749 30,524 Peas 6,796 7,475 8,223 Beans 786 864 951 Pineapple 3,855 4,241 4,665 Watermelon 1,117 1,229 1,351 Citrus 589 648 713 Tomatoes 1,745 1,920 2,112 Peanut 461 507 557 Kumala 4,611 5,072 5,579 21 Target is to increase production by 30% by year 2012, i.e. 10% yearly. This is based from the RDSSED - KPI. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 70 (Appendix 2b: Target Production Calculation 22 ) Major Agricultural Commodities 2008 (Tonnes) 2010 Target Production (Tonnes) Exports Consumption Fresh Processed Re-Exports Dalo 10,796 0 113 63,100 74,009 Manioc (Cassava) 1801 3 33 54,344 56,181 Ginger 44 1,350 0 1,118 2,512 Rice 870 0 0 60,509 61,379 Pawpaw (Papaya) 393 0 5 6,875 7,274 Eggplant 195 0 0 728 923 Yaqona (kava) 184 0 5 3,317 3,506 Guava, mangoes and mangosteen 131 0 0 114 246 Coconut 101 6.3 1.0 75,457 75,565 Banana 98 0 0 8,329 8,427 Tumeric 89 0 0 80 169 Cabbages, cauliflowers, kohlrabi 56 0 0 25,171 25,227 Peas 37 11 0 6,748 6,796 Beans 25 3.8 3.8 753 786 Pineapple 0.03 24.5 6.6 3,824 3,855 Watermelon 1.8 0 0.0 1,115 1,117 Citrus 25.2 0.26 0.5 563 589 Tomatoes 2 20.2 28.0 1,695 1,745 Peanut 0 1.6 2.8 456 461 Kumala 0.39 0 0.0 4,611 4,611 22 Target Productions = Total Exports + Consumption Total Exports = Exports (Fresh plus Processed ) + Re-exports Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 71 (Appendix 2c: Consumption Calculation 23 ) Major Agricultural Commodities 2008 (Tonnes) Consumption 24 Production Import Export Re-Export Dalo 63,100 74,008.6 0.0 10,796.0 113 Manioc (Cassava) 54,344 55,773.0 408.0 1,804.0 33.4 Ginger 1,118 2,488.0 24.0 1,394.0 0 Rice 60,509 11,594.8 49,784.0 870.0 0 Pawpaw (Papaya) 6,875 7,265.0 8.5 393.0 5.2 Eggplant 728 923 0.01 195 0 Yaqona (kava) 3,317 3,286.4 220 184 5.4 Guava, mangoes and mangosteen 114 200.0 45.5 131 0.2 Coconut 75,457 75,497.0 68.0 107.0 1.0 Banana 8,329 8,426.4 0.3 98.0 0.0 Tumeric 80 0.0 169.0 89.0 0.0 Cabbages, cauliflowers, kohlrabi 25,171 25,153.0 73.6 56.0 0.0 Peas 6,748 226.7 6,569.0 48.0 0.0 Beans 753 92.0 694.0 29.0 3.8 Pineapple 3,824 3,506.1 349.0 24.53 6.6 Watermelon 1,115 1,106.9 10.0 1.8 0.0 Citrus 563 73.9 515.0 25.46 0.5 Tomatoes 1,695 230.2 1,515 22.2 28 Peanut 456 178.43 282.3 1.6 2.8 Kumala 4,611 4611.09 0.02 0.39 0.0 23 Total Consumption = (Production + Import) - (Export + Re-Export). 24 Figures are rounded to nearest whole number. Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 72 APPENDIX 3 LWRM- LAND DRAINAGE & FLOOD PROTECTION PROPOSED SHORT TERM PLAN 2010-2012 ACTIVITIES 2009 2010 2011 2012 Quantity Cost F$ Issues to Address Benefited area for Agriculture (Ha) RIVER DREDGING Nadi river 1,100,000m³ 10,400,000 Land issue for dump site 25000 Nadi short cut-river alignment 700,000m³ 7,280,000 Land issue/EIA/NLTB/NLC/Lands Dept. Labasa river 250,000m³ 2,600,000 Land issue/EIA/FSC/NLTB/Lands/NLC. 6,000 Labasa by pass Channel 39,388,882 Land issue/EIA/NLTB/NLC/Lands Dept. Wailevu river 250,000m³ 2,600,000 Land matters for dump sites 3,000 Qawa river 250,000m³ 2,600,000 Land matters for dump sites 3,000 Rewa river 1,200,000m³ 12,480,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 30,000 Ba river 1,400,000m³ 24,670,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 24,000 Ba river – Elevuka creek improvement 5,590,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA Sigatoka river 1,100,000m³ 11,440,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 29,000 Total Cost F$ (million) 119,048,882 RIVER BANK PROTECTION Nadi river 1,500,000 Land matters Nadi short cut-river alignment 520,000 Land issue/Compensation/NLTB/Lands Component of river dredging works Labasa river 455,000 Rewa river 1,950,000 Land matter/EIA Ba river 1,950,000 Land matter/EIA Sigatoka river 1,950,000 Total Cost F$ (million) 8,325,000 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 73 Nadi watershed 4,550,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 25,000 Ba watershed 1,950,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 24,000 Labasa watershed 1,950,000 Land matters /Fishing Rights/EIA 6,000 Total Cost F$ (million) 8,450,000 LAND DRAINAGE WESTERN DIVISION 12,400 Drainage networks improvement vandalism, land matters, compensation Drain desilt,new drain/outlet (280km) 3,440,000 drainage reserve Drainage Infrastructure rehab/Improvement Outfall structure 24/enhance new flap str. 12 Rehab. Seawall/access 10km/improve crossing str.32 New crossing 10 NORTHERN DIVISION 3,700 Drainage networks improvement drain desilt/new drain/outlet waterways 205km 2,160,000 vandalism, land matters, compensation Drainage Infrastructure rehab/Improvement drainage reserve Outfall structures 24/enhance new flap str. 6 Rehab. Seawalls/access 8km/improve Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 74 crossing 10 new crossing 6 CENTRAL DIVISION Drainage networks improvement 13,000 drain desilt/new drain/outlet waterways 620km vandalism, land matters, compensation Drainage Infrastructure rehab/Improvement 2,400,000 drainage reserve Outfall structures 30/enhance new flap str. 8 vandalism, land matters, compensation Rehab. Seawalls/access 18km/improve crossing 5 drainage reserve 2 2 2 2 8,000,000 Total Annual Cost F$ (million) 10.5 29.1 44.3 44.5 Total Project Cost F$ (million) 143,823,882 KEY: Investigation Implementation Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 75 APPENDIX 4 AH&P - IMPORT REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR DAIRY,BEEF & SHEEP SHORT TERM PLAN 2010-2012 DAIRY IMPORT REDUCTION -$16m Projected milk yield for year 2010 Activities no. of cows Calving frequency Avg.Production Milking days Total production Value Local cows 9000 3.5 litres 365 11,497500litres $5,748,750.00 First batch of Imported cows 2400 First 9 litres 210 4,536,000litres $2,268,000.00 Total 11,400 16,033,500litres $8,016,750.00 Projected milk yield for year 2011 Local cows 9000 3.5 litres 365 11,497500 litres $5,748,750.00 1 st batch of Imported cows 2400 First 9 litres 60 1,2960,00 litres $648,000.00 Second 10.5 litres 240 6,048,000 litres $3,024,000.00 2 nd batch of Imported cows 2400 First 9 litres 210 4,536,000 litres $2,268,000.00 Total 13,800 23,377,500 litre $11,688,750.00 Value of extra milk produced $5,940,000.00 Projected milk yield for year 2012 Local cows 9000 3.5 litres 365 11,497500 litres $5,748,750.00 First batch of Imported cows 2400 Second 10.5 litres 90 2,268,000 litres $1,134,000.00 Third 15 litres 240 8,640,000 litres $4,320,000.00 2 nd batch of Imported cows 2400 First 9 litres 60 1,296,000 litres $648,000.00 Second 10.5 litres 240 6,048,000 litres $3,024,000.00 3 rd batch of Imported cows 1200 First 9 litres 210 2,268,000 litres $1,134,000,00 Total 13,800 23,701,500 litres $16,008,750.00 Value of extra milk produced $10,260,000.00 Source: Animal Health & Production division 2009 Major cost Associated Yearly Schedule for achievement vs set Targets ($16m) Activity/Particulars Numbers Unit cost Units Total Year Target Actual Achievement Importation of cows 6000 $5,357.00 Per cow $32,142,000.00 2010 $5,300,000 $2,268,000 43% Formulated Dairy Feed 6000 $840.00 Per tonne $5,040,000.00 2011 $5,300,000 $5,940,000 112% Pasture Improvement 4000 $1,500.00 Per Ha $6,000,000.00 2012 $5,300,000 $10,260,000 194% Total $37,182,000.00 Total $15,900,000 $18,468,000 116% *excluding the cost for the acquisition and use of land Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 76 BEEF IMPORT REDUCTION-$7m (Concerted Approach) Year DAIRY INDUSTRY Total Live weight Value New Introduction Existing Cows Year I Year II Year III Year I Year II Year III 2010 960 3600 Year I 5520 690000 $1,035,000 2011 1920 960 3600 3600 Year II 5520 1697400 $2,546,100 2012 1920 1920 960 3600 3600 3600 Year III 4560 2234400 $3,351,600 Total 15600 4621800 $6,932,700 *On hoof price Sales (Revenue) Year No. of Animals Avg. Weight of Carcass Total weight Unit price of Carcass Total value of the carcass 2010 0 2011 0 2012 4560 245 1117200 $12.00 $13,406,400 Total 4560 1117200 $13,406,400 Cost Major Cost for achieving the set target Activity/Particulars number Cost Unit cost Units Total En-Calf Milk 31200 $105.72 20kg bag $3,298,464 Formulated Feed 4000 $820 Per Ton $3,280,000 Pasture Improvement 6500 $1,500 Per Ha $9,750,000 Total $6,578,464 *excluding the cost for the acquisition and use of land Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 77 SHEEP IMPORT REDUCTION-$10m Seasonal & Off Seasonal Breeding Year Breeding Ewes Breeding Rams (1:25) Ewes (Concep. 98%) Lamb Dropped (1:25 Lambing) Weaners (90%) Weaners Sales Value Female Male 1 7550 302 7399 9249 8324 4162 4162 8324 $998,865.00 2 13793 552 13517 16896 15207 7603 7603 15207 $1,824,801.00 3 21396 856 20968 26210 23589 11795 11795 23589 $2,830,723.32 4 5 51487 2059 50458 63072 56765 28382 28382 56765 $6,811,786.26 6 79870 3195 78272 97841 88057 44028 44028 88057 $10,566,783.43 7 123898 4956 121420 151775 136598 68299 68299 136598 $16,391,722.80 8 192197 7688 188353 235441 211897 105949 105949 211897 $25,427,659,99 9 298146 11926 292183 365228 328705 164353 164353 328795 $39,444,657,56 10 462498 18500 453248 566560 509904 254952 254952 509904 $61,188,525.04 Total 1415639 $169,876,684.45 Major cost Associated Yearly Schedule for achievement vs set Targets ($16m) Activity/Particulars Numbers Unit cost Units Total Year Target Actual Achievement Infrastructure development 1100 $5,000.00 Per farm $5,500,000.00 2010 $3,300,000 $998,865 30% Formulated /Concentrated Feed 3720 $800.00 Per tonne $2,976,000.00 2011 $3,300,000 $1,824,801 55% Pasture Improvement 11210 $1,100.00 Per Ha $12,331,000.00 2012 $3,300,000 $2,830,723 86% 2013 $3,300,000 $4,391,159.55 133% 2014 $3,300,000 $6,811,786.26 206% 2015 $3,300,000 $10,566,783.43 320% Total $20,807,000.00 Total $19,800,000 $27,424,119.06 139%% *Most of the cost would be based on one third (private) and two third (government) Public Private Partnership basis Agriculture Strategic Development Plan 2010-2012 Page 78