Zimbabwe [state buyer/exporter (FGR) or gold dealing licensee] → United Arab Emirates → India (refine) → South Africa (refine) · Sale of refined gold and receipt of proceeds

Where the goods start

Doré bar - unstamped → Pre-refined 995 bar (e.g. 'Dubai 995')

• Export duty and customs clearance fee

  none on export ('No duties are payable on export'); clearance fee per Form 21

  Official guidanceAmount not confirmed

  • Customs and Excise (General) Regulations 2001, s.62(1)(a)(ii); s.175 (clearance fee)

• Gold dealing licence fee

  US$200,000 per year

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Gold Trade (Licence Fees) Notice 1978, Schedule 2, as replaced by SI 32 of 2023

• Presumptive tax on small-scale miners

  0% of the purchase price of precious metals Precious metals bought from small-scale miners

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Finance Act [Chapter 23:04] s.22C(1)(b) as substituted by Finance Act 2024 s.6, s.22C(1)(b)

• Gold royalty, artisanal and small-scale miners

  2% (reported, 2025-2026); previously 1% Gold sold by artisanal and small-scale miners

  SecondaryAmount not confirmed

  • Mines and Minerals Act s.244-245; Finance Act [Chapter 23:04] Schedule to Chapter VII; Income Tax Act 37th Schedule, MMA ss.244-245; 37th Schedule paras 2-3, 7

• Gold royalty, 'gold produced by other miners' (price-banded, from 1 January 2026)

  3% (sold 'at a time when its price is US$1 200 per ounce'); 5% (above US$1,200 but below US$5,000 per ounce); 10% (above US$5,000 per ounce) 'Gold produced by other miners' (the Schedule item replaced by the Finance Act 2025; the item for small-scale miners is separate and not held)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Finance Act 2025 s.61 (Schedule to Chapter VII of the Finance Act [Chapter 23:04]); Income Tax Act 37th Schedule, s.61; 37th Schedule paras 2, 3, 7

• Gold royalty, large-scale producers (before Finance Act 2025)

  3% below US$1,200/oz; 5% above US$1,200/oz

  SecondaryAmount not confirmed

• Implicit cost: 10% ZiG payment to small-scale miners and FGR discount to spot

  ~5% below spot (best FGR tier) plus 10% of value paid in ZiG (ASM) / 30% (LSM)

  SecondaryAmount not confirmed

• Exporters surrender 30% of gross proceeds to the RBZ at the interbank rate and retain 70% indefinitely (retention cut from 75% to 70% in the February 2025 MPS); 50% surrender on overdue proceeds; proceeds due within 90 days.

  30% of gross export receipts

  Official guidanceAmount not confirmed

  • Exchange Control Regulations SI 109/1996; RBZ FX Guidelines FXD5/2026, Regulations ss.5, 35(1)(c); Guidelines paras 3.2.2, 3.2.3; Directive FXD5/2026 para 2

• Gold Trade Act licensees and permit holders are 'precious metals dealers' (MLPC Act s.13): identify and verify customers who pay 'in currency equal to or exceeding fifteen thousand United States dollars' (s.15(2)(d)) and whenever ML/TF is suspected, and the beneficial owner (s.15(3)); EDD for PEPs (…

  US$15,000 CDD threshold for occasional transactions

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • MLPC Act [9:24]; FIU DPMS Guidance (2026), MLPC Act ss.13, 15(2)(d), 15(3), 20, 24, 30, 31; Guidance paras 155, 172

• Authorised gold bars are FGR-produced 99.5% bars of gazetted weights and dimensions bearing the FGR hallmark; defacing, altering, counterfeiting or smelting them is an offence (level 14 fine or up to 15 years).

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03] as amended by Finance Act 2025, ss.2, 3, 12A

• A traveller may take out at most 'US$2,000 or its equivalent in any other currency, combination of currencies or gold coins' in foreign cash, and ZiG cash equivalent to US$2,000 (FX Guidelines 3.2.33-3.2.34). Personal-use gold articles in baggage are exempt from the export prohibition (Exchange Cont…

  US$2,000

  Official guidanceAmount not confirmed

  • RBZ Foreign Exchange Guidelines FXD5/2026 (version 2.0, March 2026), paras 3.2.33-3.2.34

• All gold won must be delivered 'not later than the 10th of every month' to the holder of a gold dealing licence (GTA s.6(1)), who 'shall deal with such gold in accordance with directions issued to him by the Minister responsible for finance' (s.6(3)). Only licence or permit holders, location holders…

  All gold, any quantity

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03], ss.3(1), 4, 5, 6(1), 6(3)

• Gold Trade Enforcement Unit (FGR staff plus police) may inspect mining locations and premises, examine documents and devices, and seize gold; obstruction is an offence.

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03] Part IIIA, ss.22B-22E

• Payment for gold delivered to refineries: ASGM not more than 90% foreign currency / not less than 10% ZiG; LSGM 70% / 30% (from 1 March 2026).

  Official guidance

  • RBZ Foreign Exchange Guidelines FXD5/2026 (version 2.0, March 2026), para 3.2.29

• 'No person shall dispatch by post any postal article containing gold unless he is authorized to do so by any regulation' (GTA s.10(1)); authorised: licence holders, permit holders, location holders or tributors and their employees or agents (GT Regulations reg 8); suspect articles may be detained an…

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03]; Gold Trade Regulations 1978, s.10; reg 8

• No person may export gold unless authorised by an exchange control authority (Exchange Control Regulations s.20(1)(e)); 'All exports of Gold require prior Reserve Bank approval', applied for by the authorised dealer on the Document Management System with 'The Gold Export Certificate', 'Gold Dealersh…

  Primary law

  • Exchange Control Regulations SI 109/1996; Exchange Control Act; RBZ FX Guidelines FXD5/2026, Regulations s.20(1)(e); Act s.5(4c); Guidelines para 3.2.30

    “a fine of three times the value of the item”

• 'No person shall smelt or change the form of any manufactured article containing gold unless he has received the permission of the Minister' (GTA s.12(1)); fine up to level nine or two years (s.12(2)).

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03], s.12

• Contravening s.3(1): without special circumstances 'imprisonment for a period of not less than five years or more than ten years', not suspendable (s.3(3)(a), (4)); with special circumstances up to five years or a fine up to level nine or twice the value of the gold (s.3(3)(b)); the same for ss.4, 5…

  Primary law

  • Gold Trade Act [Chapter 21:03], ss.3(3)-(4), 24, 30

• On 4 March 2024 the US ended the Zimbabwe sanctions programme and designated President Mnangagwa and 10 other individuals plus Sakunda Holdings, Fossil Agro and Fossil Contracting under Global Magnitsky, citing involvement in gold and diamond smuggling networks. FGR is not named. US persons must scr…

  Official guidance

On the way

• Customs duty on gold imports

  0% for goods entering a free zone (FZ Transit In); mainland imports of gold: 0% under the GCC exempted-commodities list (read via WebFetch only) Unwrought and semi-manufactured gold

  Official guidanceAmount not confirmed

  • Dubai Customs Customer Guide v3.03; GCC common customs law; UAE list of exempted commodities, Customer Guide s.9 (duty suspended for goods admitted into free zones), s.15.12.2

• Domestic reverse charge on precious metals and precious stones between registered businesses

  Recipient accounts for VAT Supplies of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, precious stones and jewellery made of them, for resale or production, between VAT-registered persons, with the buyer's written declaration (CD 127/2024, replacing CD 25/2018)

  Primary law

  • Cabinet Decision 127/2024; FTA VATP043, Art. 1 (Goods: precious metals - gold, silver, palladium, platinum - precious stones and jewellery mostly of them), Art. 2(1)-(4), Art. 4 (repeals CD 25/2018)

    “Precious Metals, Precious Stones and jewelry made of any Precious Metals or Precious Stones”

• Special reverse charge on gold and diamonds between registrants (Cabinet Decision 25/2018)

  Registered recipient accounts for VAT Gold and products mostly of gold not qualifying for zero-rating, and diamonds, supplied between registrants; exports of gold items and investment precious metals outside its scope (VATP029)

  Official guidance

  • Cabinet Decision No. 25 of 2018

• Import VAT

  5% standard; 0% for investment precious metals (99%+ purity, tradeable form) Doré is not investment gold, so it is standard-rated; refined bars of 99%+ are zero-rated

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Federal Decree-Law 8/2017 on VAT; Executive Regulation, Art. 3 (5%), 45(8), 48(1), 49; Exec. Reg. Art. 36(2), 48, 50(1)

    “a standard rate of 5% Tax shall be imposed on any supply or Import”

• Precious metals crossing the UAE border must be disclosed; declarations are also required for precious metals over AED 60,000 crossing through cargo, mail or shipments, cargo being declared through the official customs systems.

  AED 60,000

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Federal Decree-Law 10/2025; CBUAE Regulation on the Declaration of Currencies, BNIs, and Precious Metals and Stones (OG 703, 31 May 2021), FDL 10/2025 Art. 10 (duty to disclose, per the disclosure system issued by the ICP with the Central Bank), Art. 41(3) (regulations under FDL 20/2018 remain effective insofar as not conflicting), Art. 34 (penalty)

    “Any person entering into or departing from the State shall be under the obligation to make a disclosure whenever they carry currencies, bearer negotiable instruments, precious metals, or valuable stones, in accordance with the disclosure system issued by the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security, in coordination with the Central Bank”

• Dealers in precious metals and stones are DNFBPs for any single cash transaction, or linked transactions, of AED 55,000 or more (CR 134/2025 Art. 3 item 3), and keep records for at least 5 years (Art. 25). The DPMSR report, including for dealings with companies of AED 55,000 or more paid in cash or …

  AED 55,000

  Primary law

  • Cabinet Resolution 134/2025; MoET Supplemental Guidance for DPMS 2026, CR 134 Art. 3(3), Art. 25(1); Guidance s.1.4.1

    “when carrying out any single cash transaction or several transactions that appear to be linked and whose value equals or exceeds fifty-five thousand dirhams (AED 55,000)”

• Supply-chain entities and precious-metals dealers must have due-diligence management systems, identify and assess supply-chain risks and adopt a risk-management strategy (Decree Art. 1(A)); refiners must also appoint an independent third-party auditor and submit a due-diligence report (Art. 1(B)), u…

  Primary law

  • Ministerial Decree 68/2024; MoE Due Diligence Regulations v1 (2022), Decree Art. 1(A), 1(B), Art. 3 (penalties under the AML law)

On the way

Pre-refined 995 bar (e.g. 'Dubai 995') → 999.9 kilobar

• Duty-free special allowance for jewellery (Baggage Rules 2026 r.6)

  Duty-free jewellery up to 40 g (female passenger) or 20 g (other passengers) Residents or tourists of Indian origin residing abroad for more than one year, in bona fide baggage; gold or silver in any form other than ornaments is excluded from the general free allowance (Annexure-I item 5)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Baggage Rules 2026, r.6; r.5 and Annexure-I item 5

• India-UAE CEPA tariff rate quota for gold (22/2022-Customs TABLE III S. No. 12)

  In-quota BCD 10% + AIDC 4% (14%) from 13 May 2026 (18/2026); 4% + 1% (5%) from 24 Jul 2024 (31/2024); 6.6% + 2.5% as notified in 2022 Gold of 71081100, 71081210, 71081290, 71081310, 71081390 (all goods) of UAE origin within the TRQ quantity: 200 tonnes from 1 Apr 2026 (09/2026); 180 tonnes FY 2025-26 (21/2025); 120 tonnes "other than Gold Dore Bar" in 2022

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Notification 22/2022-Customs TABLE III S. No. 12, conditions 1 and 2, as substituted/amended by 31/2024, 21/2025, 09/2026 and 18/2026

• BCD and AIDC on other chapter 71 goods from 13 May 2026 (7107, 7109, 7110, 7111, 7112, 7118; findings; spent catalyst)

  BCD 10% (45/2025 S. No. 202 as substituted and S. No. 203 findings, by 15/2026); AIDC: findings of gold or silver 5%, platinum findings 5.4% (15F), 7107 and 7109 5%, 7111 5.4%, 7118 5%, 7112 other than spent catalyst 5% (16/2026); spent catalyst or ash BCD 10% (S. No. 200A, to 31 Mar 2027), AIDC 4.35% (15E) Headings 7107, 7109, 7110, 7111, 7112, 7118

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

• Customs duty on gold dore

  5.35% combined (BCD 5% + AIDC 0.35%) Gold dore bars with gold content not over 95% imported by actual users for refining (45/2025 S. No. 192, conditions 3 and 22)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • 30/2024 (BCD); 32/2024 (AIDC); from 1 Nov 2025 45/2025 S. No. 192

• Customs duty on gold dore from 13 May 2026: BCD 10% + AIDC

  BCD 10% + AIDC 4.35% (11/2021 Sl. No. 15B, gold dore bar) = 14.35% Gold dore bar with gold content not over 95% (45/2025 S. No. 192), subject to conditions 3 (IGCR Rules 2022) and 22 (see in.cr-refinery-au)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • 45/2025-Customs S. No. 192 as amended by 15/2026; 11/2021 Sl. No. 15B (inserted by 03/2023, rate 4.35% set by 16/2026)

• Customs duty on gold bars (BCD + AIDC), July 2022 - July 2024

  15% (dore 14.35%) HS 7108 bars; dore

  Official guidanceAmount not confirmed

• Customs duty on gold bars: BCD 5% + AIDC 1% (24 Jul 2024 - 12 May 2026)

  6% combined (BCD 5%, AIDC 1%, SWS exempt) Gold bars (HS 7108)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Notification 30/2024-Customs (BCD, amending 50/2017; carried at 5% into 45/2025 S. No. 196 from 1 Nov 2025); 32/2024-Customs (AIDC Sl. No. 15D 1%)

• Customs duty on gold bars from 13 May 2026: BCD 10% + AIDC 5% (SWS exempt)

  15% combined (BCD 10%, AIDC 5%) All goods of heading 7108 other than dore (45/2025 TABLE I S. No. 196); silver 7106 likewise (S. No. 197)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • 45/2025-Customs S. No. 196 as amended by 15/2026 (BCD "5%" -> "10%"); 11/2021-Customs Sl. No. 15D as amended by 16/2026 (AIDC "5%"); 11/2018-Customs Sl. No. 1 (SWS exemption includes 7108)

• IGST on gold (Schedule IV, 3%)

  3% Heading 7108 gold (Schedule IV S. No. 5) and 7113 jewellery (S. No. 10), among other chapter 71 goods

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Notification 9/2025-Integrated Tax (Rate), para 1(iv) and Schedule IV, Schedule IV S. Nos. 5 and 10

• IGST exemption on gold imported by listed banks and agencies

  IGST nil Gold or silver imported by the banks in List 13, gold by the banks in List 14 (incl. SBER Bank from 25 Jun 2025, domestic consumption only), gold/silver/platinum by the entities in List 15 (HHEC, MSTC, Diamond India) of 45/2025

  Primary law

  • 45/2025-Customs TABLE I S. No. 198, column (5); Lists 13-15; 06/2026

• Concessional duty on gold bars/coins brought by an eligible passenger

  BCD 10% from 13 May 2026 (5% before); AIDC 4.35% (11/2021 Sl. No. 15C as substituted by 44/2025 and amended by 16/2026) Gold bars (non-tola) with engraved serial number and metric weight, gold coins of 99.5% or more, and other gold except studded ornaments, up to 1 kg per eligible passenger (Indian-origin passenger or passport holder after six months abroad), duty paid in convertible foreign currency (condition 23)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • 45/2025-Customs S. No. 194 and condition 23, as amended by 15/2026; 11/2021 Sl. No. 15C (44/2025, 16/2026)

• BIS hallmarking fee

  Rs 45 per gold article, minimum Rs 200 per consignment, payable by the jeweller to the AHC; BIS levies Rs 4.50 per article (minimum Rs 20) from the AHC; applicable taxes extra

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • BIS (Hallmarking) Regulations 2018, Schedule IV as substituted by the Amendment Regulations 2022, Schedule IV, paras 1(a)-(b)

• No person may receive Rs 200000 or more in cash (in aggregate from a person in a day, in a single transaction, or for transactions relating to one event or occasion from a person); only account payee cheque or draft, ECS through a bank account or prescribed electronic modes. Penalty equal to the sum…

  Rs 200000

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Income-tax Act, 2025, ss.186, 451

• Gold Advance Authorisations capped at 100 kg; physical inspection for first-time applicants; next AA only after 50% of prior export obligation; fortnightly CA-certified reporting.

  100 kg per AA

  SecondaryAmount not confirmed

• Passengers carrying dutiable or prohibited goods must declare their accompanied baggage electronically in Customs Baggage Declaration CBD-I, with supporting documents, before entering the green channel; gold or silver other than ornaments is outside the free allowances.

  Primary law

  • Customs Baggage (Declaration and Processing) Regulations 2026; Baggage Rules 2026, reg. 3(1); r.5 and Annexure-I item 5

• Trade credit (supplier's or buyer's credit incl. LC usance) for gold in any form max 90 days from shipment (C.11.2); QJs and TRQ holders may remit advances for IIBX purchases for eleven days, unused advance returned to the same AD bank within eleven days, Bill of Entry submitted to the remitting ban…

  Official guidance

  • RBI Master Direction - Import of Goods and Services, paras C.7, C.11.1-C.11.4

• Gold of heading 7108 is "Restricted": imported only by nominated banks and nominated agencies (consignment basis), and by IFSCA-notified Qualified Jewellers and valid India-UAE CEPA TRQ holders through IIBX under specific ITC(HS) codes (71081210, 71081290); all domestic sale of gold is against upfro…

  Official guidance

  • ITC(HS) Schedule I policy conditions (DGFT notifications 49/2015-2020, 35/2023, 08/2025-26); RBI Master Direction C.11.1(ii); 45/2025-Customs condition 22, RBI MD para C.11.1(ii)

• Gold jewellery and artefacts may be sold only by BIS-registered jewellers and must bear a hallmark to IS 1417 (cl. 2); the Order applies only to the districts in its Annexure (cl. 1A) - 385 districts in 26 States/UTs since S.O. 2117(E) of 28 Apr 2026. Exempt (cl. 2(3)): articles for export to buyer …

  Primary law

  • Hallmarking Order 2020 as amended (S.O. 2481(E) 2021; S.O. 1594(E) 2022; S.O. 2117(E) 2026), cls. 1A, 2

• IIBX accepts only bars from LBMA Good Delivery or UAE Good Delivery refiners (spot: LBMA 995 1 kg, UAEGD 999 100 g).

  Official guidance

• Gold, silver and platinum jewellery (CTH 7113) moved from Free to Restricted from 1 Apr 2026, and articles, clad items and non-legal-tender coins from 2 Apr 2026; no transitional relief; exemptions for EOU/SEZ (no DTA sale), FTP export schemes and CEPA TRQ lines.

  Secondary

• Dealers in precious metals and stones that engage in cash transactions with a customer of Rs 10 lakh or more (single or apparently linked) are persons carrying on a designated business or profession and so reporting entities; CBIC (DGA) is their regulator. They must register with FIU-IND (FINGate 2.…

  Rs 10 lakh cash

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • PMLA s.2(1)(sa)(iv), ss.11A, 12, 12AA; PMLR rr.3, 8, 9; G.S.R. 799(E) and 800(E) of 28 Dec 2020; DGA guidelines 2023, PMLA ss.2(1)(sa)(iv), 12, 12AA; PMLR r.8

• CEPA preference on gold requires UAE origin: the product-specific rule for 710812 is "Certified UAE/ India good delivery gold bars in different denomination"; goods must be transported directly (art. 3.12) and origin proved under the Customs (Administration of Rules of Origin under Trade Agreements)…

  Primary law

  • CEPA Annex 3B (PSR 710812), arts 3.12-3.14; Notification 22/2022-Customs proviso to para 1

Where the goods arrive

999.9 kilobar → LBMA Good Delivery 400oz bar

• VAT on other domestic supplies of gold

  15% Domestic gold supplies not zero-rated (e.g. recycled gold to banks; sales to traders)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Value-Added Tax Act 1991

• VAT zero-rating of gold supplied to the SARB, SA Mint and banks

  0% Refined primary gold sold to the SARB, the SA Mint or a registered bank; recycled gold excluded (Lueven Metals, ZACC 23 June 2026)

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Value-Added Tax Act 1991, s.11(1)(f)

• SADPMR licence and permit fees

  Refining licence R20,000; beneficiation licence R5,000; jeweller's permit R500; import permit R1,000; certificate R1,000; special permit R5,000; appeal R500 (Annexure A, 2014) Applications and renewals

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • Precious Metals Regulations, Annexure A as substituted by GN R737 (GG 38014, 22 Sept 2014)

• A business dealing in high-value goods (items valued in that business at R100,000 or more) is an accountable institution for transactions in which it receives payment of R100,000 or more (Schedule 1 item 20, from 19 Dec 2022): FIC registration (s.43B), risk management and compliance programme (s.42)…

  Payment of R100,000 or more in a transaction; goods valued at R100,000 or more

  Primary lawAmount not confirmed

  • FICA 38 of 2001, Schedule 1 item 20; ss.20A-21H, 22-23, 28, 29, 42, 43B

• A UN Security Council Chapter VII resolution identifying persons or entities 'has immediate effect for the purposes of this Act upon its adoption' (FICA s.26A(1)); the FIC Director must give notice of it (s.26A(3)). No person may, directly or indirectly, acquire, collect, use, possess or own propert…

  Primary law

  • FICA 38 of 2001, ss.26A-26C

    “A resolution adopted by the Security Council of the United Nations when acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, providing for financial sanctions which entail the identification of persons or entities against whom member states of the United Nations must take the actions specified in the resolution, has immediate effect for the purposes of this Act upon its adoption by the Security Council of the United Nations.”

• Contravening s.5(4) (as enacted; replaced by s.5A from 7 June 2013), 19, 20(2) or 28 is an offence with a fine up to R100 000 or up to two years' imprisonment, or both (s.99(1)(a)); failing to notify the Minister before beneficiating abroad (s.26(3)) carries up to R500 000 for each day (s.99(1)(f)).

  Primary law

  • MPRDA 2002, ss.98, 99(1)(a), 99(1)(f)

• Goods exported for sale must be sold, and the full proceeds received, not later than six months from shipment; an Authorised Dealer may allow credit of up to 12 months. Proceeds must be offered for sale to an Authorised Dealer within 30 days or dealt with under the CFC rules. The Authorised Dealer r…

  Official guidance

  • Exchange Control Regulations; Currency and Exchanges Manual, Regs 6, 10, 11; B.18(B), (D)

• No export of unwrought or semi-fabricated gold except with the approval of the National Treasury under the Exchange Control Regulations, granted with the Minister's concurrence (PMA s.12(1)); no gold may be exported without Treasury permission (Reg 3); applications to export gold in any form are ref…

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Act; Exchange Control Regulations, PMA s.12(1); Reg 3

• Producers submit gold specimens (nuggets, concentrate, dore) to the SAPS Forensic Science Laboratory every six months, and importers submit specimens of imported metal, building a forensic database to trace seized gold to its source.

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Act; Precious Metals Regulations, s.22(1); reg 29

    “Any producer or any person who imports precious metal must submit to the Forensic Science Laboratory of the South African Police Service such specimens of any precious metals produced or imported by him or her as may be prescribed.”

• Except with Treasury permission, only authorised dealers may buy, borrow, sell or lend gold other than wrought gold (Reg 2). A resident entitled to sell gold must offer it for sale to the Treasury within 30 days unless exempted (Reg 5). Producers exempted by FinSurv from Reg 5 may sell their total o…

  Primary law

  • Exchange Control Regulations 1961, Regs 2, 5, 22

• No import of unwrought or semi-fabricated precious metal without an SADPMR import permit (valid up to one year), issued after consulting the National Commissioner and the National Treasury, on documentary proof of origin (s.10(2)); the Regulator or SAPS may inspect and sample imported metal (s.10(3)…

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Act, s.10, s.22(1)

    “must state the origin of the precious metal in question, the purpose of the import”

• Export approval requires projections of monthly production against sales showing the applicant contributes to local demand; approval only where provision has been made to meet local demand for beneficiation.

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Regulations; Precious Metals Act, reg 23(3)(a) as substituted by GN R387

• Minted gold bars must be 10, 50 or 100 g, of prescribed dimensions and at least 999.9 fine (reg 28, Annexure B Table 1); only approved manufacturers may make them and no more than 500 000 troy ounces a year may be manufactured (reg 27B).

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Regulations, regs 27B, 28; Annexure B

    “The quantity of minted bars that maybe manufactured in the Republic may not exceed 500 000 troy ounces in a calendar year”

• Only a refining-licence holder, an authorised dealer, a producer (for gold it won or recovered), an SADPMR certificate holder, a holder of a special permit (metal not exceeding a prescribed mass, for scientific or beneficiation purposes or jewellery) or a beneficiation-licence holder may acquire, po…

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Act, s.4(1), s.20(1)

• Rand Refinery, as an LBMA Good Delivery refiner, applies KYC and conflict-free sourcing policies to depositors and publishes responsible-gold and LBMA compliance reports.

  Industry practice

  • LBMA Responsible Gold Guidance

• Unwrought or semi-fabricated gold may not be carried outside a mine or refinery boundary without the prescribed waybill.

  Primary law

  • Precious Metals Act; Precious Metals Regulations, s.13; reg 26

Back in the origin country: the proceeds of the export