Ordinance on the Conservation and Management of Living Aquatic Resources

TltF; ~TAn', COUNCIL TIlE: SOCT,\UST Rgrl IIlLH ~ OF VIE;TN11M rlld"'pr!llIl~l1r.fl - Fr('"d,\m - {f;1pplnl"!'l.Q ON THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LIVING AQUATIC RESOURCES LivIng ~ql):ll,lc r('lsourrr,q Ull1 living' rnnl'ol!ud.i v" f'f'~)lJr('('I!l :11''' of p:rNtt. Vlll\lP. and Imrorl:mt'. !>lgnHicnncl'l to thl"! country's econom!c dl?Vf'~I()plJlf'rlt.and the pf~opl/)'::; lifo. Conservruton :ltld rnnnagetnnnt. of flC}l,l:ltlC r~~)\1TT"'1'I nro hoth tmtnedlnto nnd long-term 1..15k:i of lhe entire fJf'0pln and service branches of all lovsls as w{lll fl~ of till"! ~lpkl'g nrmed forces. n:l&'.d \lpllll Article 19, :l6, and 100 provided In the Const.itut.iou of t..h~ SndnliM, n~pllbl!c of Viemnru (snV). TlJl:l ldw IWlI.'by 1,ly:-i cut rcgul:\t.Inll~ For \.IH~ COllS0rv:11 Ion :11ll! lIl:Hln~f1lr>Ilt. or nquntic n'.c;(J1lf(·"~. Chiiptcr r GENEllAL PROVISIONS Artlcle 1. {Jiving aquatic resources defined In thts law luclude nll sp<"cir::\ of nconomlc and scientific values, living' in tho inland waters, Inlt>f'H:II wntera, lP.r rilnrhd !'>P:l,q, f,hn f'nnHij1IO'.I,q -onos, th<1 "ltdU!'liv~ oconomlc :7.0n(':1 find till"! contlncnt,a! shelf of Vletnam. At-Ilclo 2. Tho living' enviromunnt rot tim:,:#! !'ip~cl(\s c- ;('f w~tl'rs, HIf~ ~lIh~ wnter and soils hercnfter called wA~r3ltl which "'111.L'lt!c gpeci~~ livn. Afltl-1tk ~pedf~!l thnl live n 11,,1.111,,1 lirn in t.ho waters ihnt f:ll! into scverulgtttv ond juril;dictiQI1 of thQ SRV nrc In UIO ."1t.,t.e ownership, tim ~I)f~(;h·:"l f,h;~lllm ronrr-d como either withi n the state ownership or other (()rm~ of ownorshlp. Tho 1'ltAW ':lk("l~ its control of nL1l1:1W-lnr.llt of living' aquat.ic msourrna and thelr environment. Ar-t lclr- :1. 'I'll"" (,Ollflf'Tvflt,inn and IlHl1lnr,r'llwnl. of nrlllnt.k 1r>~'I'\llT(>:; arr- d{)~f'lr m::~inlr1C1 witlr lhn 1l1 .... lnlpIH11J(·n of flllvirflll1l1fl,d flll !.1lfl Ilrl"d<: of (,11~lHIIlR IIIf' (h~ve\(lpm('nt of n'lH:llic resources, th~ living rOlldlUOII~ in tho uumodlnte nud \Ollg ter-m Future of t!J(' fishermen ns wr-]] no:; l.hf' ocouomic effocl.lvcnoss for rhr> wholjCI ~~inly. Article 1. TIl(! state exercisoe It.s complete control of UH' conservnl.lon and mnnagarneut of nquatlc resources through a sys{('!ll of pol\d~~, s\.rnl("lgi('~ nnrl plans, through a cotnprehonslve utfllzntlon of trndlt.lonal nmnsures, puhlto educnf.lon, toch nologtcal and economlc monsures, and legnl regulat.Ions in order ~o ~"r('g\lnrd nntl develop nqunt.ic I"rSOllTCPl', especially In protect tho mre species flf high economic vnlups. Stnle, socinl, collective, pr-ivate orgnniwl.jplll' (t.hr.rmftf'r r:1II['(1 nrgnniv1linnR) .'1nd lndlvldunls hnv(l t.ho right t(l ('}(l'loit nnl.\l\"fll nrplO\.Ic n"R<l'1fT~:'l I1('T(,rdlIlR In prnviSIOJ1S spt old, III l.hls Docroe In waters under st.-Ill' control. 'I'he Stoto permits orgnni:wl.lnn:c; nnd Indivldnnls to tltllizf' rf'ril~'lin water-s for Innp, find st.'lhlf! t('I'IJ1S 01' for' t1 definite ~riod of f.ime for TPllling or exploiting nqunt.lc spectes in proper way so aa to protect and dl',v(>]np nquaf.it- resources. 'rho cont.rnctod wntcrn (".l111 only hr. withdrawn in eases {h,("hl,~l \,y law. 'I'he Council of Mlulsters dcflnea l.ho nul.horlly, fouudntlcns and procr-rlurqs of f':'i"If'ndillg and wit.hholdlllf,' ltcouces for Lhe utili7.rlt ion of waters. Ar-ticle 0. Any acuvtucs del.rllllf' n1.'1 I 10 nquntlc resources l,he living environ mcnt of species, 10 their conserval.ion nnd IlInnn~ m(' nt.nre ::>\.rkl.ly prohlhllcd. Article 6. The 1'It.ill.c lJnderl~'lke~ pollcles t.o encourage orgnnI1,ntlom; and in dividunls Lo irwestInl-our, Ilnance and materials, 1.0 apply Iechnologlrnl nnd scian tine advancement, to prnct.ice association and joint ventures in nil fields of ccneervntion end rnemageruent I)f HQ1.1<11.1C resources, In TeRrlng, exploiting And processing nquntlc products particularly in advnncod l.p.chnologiNl, f'.r,. (,hf' offshore explolfntion. Article 7. Couservntion ami lnrmngT'lnp.T1t of nquat.lc resourc-s run the obHp;n UOll.S And rnsponalulttes of the St~11l', social orgnlliz8Uons flnrl oronfmic estab lishrnonts, or nnned forces and every riU7,C'.tl. All organizntlons find imllvlrlunls Ihn!. have permlsslon to 1IUIi7.(l o-rtnin waters for rear-lug and explolt.ing nquaue speclos are obttgcd to work 0\11 phl1~ of 0J1{'rflt.lOJ1, In apply ll1('ASl1!"P:=l to safeguard (l nd dcve/np auuatlc resources In nrdp. r to nctlVI' lv promote hu:;hlr'S:=l rind production, and to help reproduce aquatic rosonrcos. Tho St., (Al ~ nsures If!glUmate j nt.Nr::lt~ of orgnnIzatlons and iuriIvirlunls th:1 to ulllll.H LIm waters lor rearing, exploiting' conserving And devp.loptfll{ nquntlc resour cos. Chapter- U CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC ItESOUnCES ArHclo 8. Prohlblt nll actlvltlos llstod below that ars df'!trill1~nt.al to aqunl.lo resources and causa pollution to the living environment of all aquatic species: 1. tJ8111~ loxlc, harmful substnncos, explostvcs, gun powder, olccl.rlc curmnts In para lyse or kill nquatlc stocks. 2. ReleA~in~ or Icnldl1R" 113 I'm fill loxlcnls of ql1sdlly ~hnll~r l Im n f\llowahl~ llmttatlon. 3. Clearing of forests on mangrove, or startlng source forests, of rocks find coral reefa, of hydl"Ol()~k;t1 planki lind other special living creatures. l, PuLting new or destroying old or changing installations '11111 dnvlces mlnted to the waters and environment, find dotrimontal 'I) anuatlc r~~OIl1'(,"'~ In case acl.lvll.les referred !A) In .1 and 4 of this article are nemJed, special per missions should be sought from and given hy the Chairman of thl! Coumcll of Mini flWrs. Article V. Prohfbi t exploltatlon even for a period of tIme In brrf'dIng 11TI~c'1S nnrl where aquatic off sprlngs live In mass. The Chairman of tho Council of Ministers will Issue re~"tatiolJ~ on prohlhltlng explcltatlon, even exploitation for a short period of time, nlso on conducting surveys a nd <xplotatlcna in prohibited areas, Article 10. Tho Fishery Minlsl.er will decide quota of allownblo catch of cer tain stocks, and exploiting genrs In sppdnprl wato rs, so ::as t.o (':1H3Ura natural reproduction of aqunttc resources. Article 11. The fishery Mlnlstor will decldn which exploiting- p,l':':1r and equip men t tha t need IiCf"rices, wh ich gnars :t rn fm nnnd orIl In iUJ?d, zone df'rna rrntlon for nshlng nnd tho movement of labour Involved 111 seasonal harvests each year. All the services find Iacllltles used in aquatic exploHnllon for which licences Are required by the Ministry of Flshery concerned organlzatlons And individuals have to obtain licences from aul.horltatlve elnle offices. Article 12. Prohibit catch and. dlstrlbutlon of rnro stocks of high economic values, or Blocks thnt nre in danger of being- extlnguiahed, lis led as species that need to be protected. The seed collection of aq, ,tic specles mentioned In 1 of this art.icle in service of reproducing resources ur ur sdeJillOc SUI veys hAS to be clone In line with the Minlo lry t 8 1netrue lions. The Fishery .M i11isler provides 6 list of species tha t.s need to be Proteet..ed , end special measures to conserve them. ArUcle 13. The Introduction of new Blocks into Vietnam, tho d1\st.ribuUOIl AS well as nccllmnt.lsnt.lon of' new stocks are declued by Lim Mllllalty of Flsher y. The Ministry 01 Flshory end other government offlces concornerl are respon sible for npplylng <lpd lnlroduclng' prcvenl.lve measures Jt$!1\lnst, dlsrn!':('R to protect species. ArUelo t·j, Till' stale encourages orgnnlzallons, and lnulvldunls to enter COil tracts, to hlre or bid contract of waters for rearlng, explolttng, protecting end c.1e\leloplng aquatlc resources. At-tiote j 5. The orgonltBUohe and Individuals lnvolded Ih doing nshgry bussl llt!l3S and prt>ducP':'t1 ~t@ @htltled to enjoy mAt.erial benefit Irom the result of lheft nctlvtues, tJj Iranafer or ~ll lhelr products 8S interests gained from their Invest ment ond labour. At the same Hme, bhey are responelhle to protect, develop t1qual1c resources, to paydue taxed and tulfll other obligatlons 8S sel out by law. Chapter III I\'lANAGEl\1EN't OF TIlE CoNSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AQUATIC RESOunCES Article 10. The Council of Ministers exercises Us complete control of lhe con ecrvoblon and development. or aquatic resources. 4 Tim Mlnlstry of Flshe ry IJlluNI:\ kP:=t rosonrc It, surveys, ~xPloil., t, inn of aqunt.ic rr-soutcoa In tho r'11 tI rn country Oil tho bn~i~ or comhlnod, proP!" r 1I1.1117,11 t.lon or aII fY)t~ntl:lls of sarvirn branches at all levels. AdIde 17. '1' h~ Council of Min IrllN~ dec iclp.~ conlon t, consl df'l'!'! ;lIlll ., pprov("~ strntegtes and pl:tIl.9 for consorvnl.lon :lI1d lIl:lllngn1l10nt of nquatlc 1(l~n'lITI'~ nll nvor the country. The Minlstry or Flshery Issues lnsl.ructlons 011 workJng out and g';'It.hnrs to suh In it lo the Councl1of Mlnlsters slml.egles, plans for the conservntjon nnd mnnngn lIlf'llt of A.fJu.'lt,ic rr'lSflllrCe!'l, for flll service hranchns of all Ip.vel~. It also orlr.1nll,e~, directs working 0111. of nnd approves tho Rtrnt.egics, pinna by units lll1dnr it.s r1lrrd lead.., rsh ip. Poopln's Com mlttees IJf provlnces. dtleg ;,nd special zoricn Lhnt come undor direct cnntrnl leadcrshlp, are to offer lnstructlon, gnLllf~r and present In I,hl"': Peopln's Counclls of tho MlTm levas for consldorauon nnd approval or the strnl.f'gles, pions for COIl~ rvatlon nn rI dcv{!!op rne III or LIm <lll,mHe n:!:o;nllt(:~~ wHh In I,h('\ r own .,n In iIt lstra tI vn arons. PP.Op Ie's ComIII i l.tt>es of dlstr lcts, and the 1l kl1 provide guirln nee, collect and present t.he Pooplp,'s Councils of the samn levels for consldaratlon And approval of th~ stralngies arid plans for protectlon and development of the aqlJ:ltlr, resources by the pcopln':=t committees of communes, villngns and busslness production nutorpr lses ann organlzatlons lhl1t am !oc<'ltp.d In their dlstrtcts or count.los. Artlcle 18. The MinIstry of FIshery organi zes state ihspecUnn on canserva t lon an d 'lIVJHagolllcnt of aquablc resourcee in a nat.lon-wide ecele: togdhcr with con cerned branches of 31\ levels, conduct Inspection on the protection of Key waters and In areas where nxplolbttlon and perlodlcal exploitation are prohibited and areas where speclal specles <Ire protected, particularly rare apecies of high ('conornlc ...clue that are In danger of being'ellmlnatod. Tho Chnirrnan of t,h0 Cou nell of Min is t:.e rs den nos the orgnn iznLion, rl gh1.1 fI nd obligations of Sblt~ Inspection on consorvntion and mnnagement of lf1UaUC resour ces, determines lim responsibility of certain concerned branches. Article 19. Complamts and disputes over surveys, research and mqJloltaLlvll uf aquatlc resources; over working out and carrying out strategies, plans for conserve tlon find management of aquatic resources, over fishing areas, resources interests and lees fire til be handled on the following- h::1RP-R~ 5 1. Poopl~'t= t,.sJlflJnlltlY'g dlstr ict.s, eountlos or the 11kI:' h!lt1dl(1 01(' ('tll1lpl:t\ItI~ of find tlispuies a!llong orgnnl zn f.lons All rl IndIvldimls thIr own IOC...11i !,l~~. In C'...nso l.h(l/ r decisions 11 re not. Elgrced W, compIni \\t.~ rnn be linhml tied 10 higll(1r linmedill" nul!lorHios, whfX'.(' df'c1nlollrl nro nnn 1. 2. Prole's Commit.tees or provinces, cities om) speclnI zones 11lt'N·1.ly un ller thI.' central Gov~rnmenl handle tho complaints of or dlspnta among j,hf'ir d lst.rlcts (II' count rles. If the provincial decisions aro not Agreed to, ootnplllh\\.~ {'lin be tnkon 1(1 thf! ell re of the Ministry of Fishery whose decisions are flnal. 3. 'fhe Minjol~r or Ministry of F/:;hcry' denla with the corup lnlnta of tlnd tll.1 putes nm"'nr; the central branches or provinces. It tho Mlnlster's drdsin!H; are not llgr('~d \..0, complniuts can be brought \f) Ihe Councll of Mlnl!;lf'rs. 1)flsi~ioIlS by th('> ChAlrtnl:t1\ of tho ('.f~\mdl of Milj!p;I.6tR nrc fino!' Artlelo 20. Coinplaints of and dlsputos between organtzations or l)(llween or g'r111 izn tlons an d ind ivlduals over raglsl.ra !.Ion regimes, ISSWUlce nn<~ wH,hdtllw:l1of IkenrEs for nqual.ic products bU8SlnE'~~ or product.lon operations, for. Ilsing har .... r.st. in~ tonis nnl exp lni!:l tion eqn ipment., Bre hnnIiled hy t.il£'! peop1p '~ rOJlll1l i U.ce ~ 11 f t11r snme h~v~l AntI hy l.he st.nt.o empowerod org:ml1:fl l.lons t.hn!. i!':.~l1r HcenC.QS, 1f d~ci~lon5 ~re not :::lIrrrp.d to, complaints Co-111 be preRen{,ecl to j,irHll"'r if1llTl~di<Jll"' people's committees ~vhoSC! declslons are finn!' Dioputea lImon~ oraganlzat.lonx and Indl vldUl:l ls over ope rn l.i/I g CUll tracts, hiring, or bidding on conservation "nd lwmflgement. or BfltmHc r('~()urc{';s tlepenoing on their nature and (',onlent, nora lIMn with In Accordance with civil Inwsuit or busi ncs::r referee. Disputes over cornponsatlon for losses of organizations And indtvlduals, result ing from violations of law on maintenance and development or lllltmtic resources, but not relallng to the contract, are hnnliled hy people's court In ncrnrdance wltl1 civil Iawsuit, Article 21. OrgmHzatlons and lndlvhhmls are entItled \.0 lodgr! complnints flm\ gr-levnneQs on Rdivlti~s under tIl ken by Any other organlzatlons and h\dividuals in viclatlon of provlslons set out In th~ law on conservatlcn anr] mnnagament of, aquatlc resources IQ the admtntstrnuon« fit. RII levels nnd to B.dminI5l.rnUve branches of fishery. These 8uthorlf.il'l'l h.Av('. lo constdor nnd SQUIQ the disputed CM':CC: In nccordance wit.h the Law on handling of Complaintsand disputns from the pc<'rJ~. Cftll{1tcr V nnwaun AND PENALTY Article 2U. i\ II organ izatlons and indlvlduals who contrtbutA effort::! to the conservation and mnnagement of aqu.1tJc resources, to lh{3 prevontlon of any ac livilif!~ harmful to tho living evlronment, will 00 rewnrded by lhA Stalo in terms of splrltl1.11 {Hid material values, defined hy common tegulallolls Rl:COI-dlnJ{ lo Lhr:ir mer its. Article 27. AllY om~ who violnt.eg rOWJlaUons all reglsLr:lt!ou, or 11lvo! ....C'd In []. legnl liconco 1nssunnco, utlllzntlon or equipment and faclllt.les In Ihhlnr. nIH! exploit ing nquntk products, e8lJ.'3lng pollutlon, poorhln~ or other regulat.lons or Lhl!'! Law, wllf be fined, depending on the natura of thnlr acts, wlt.h nclmlnl~t.rnl.lv(' or cr imlnnl penJllly R!'I provided by 1..-1w. C1Hlplct" VI I~NFOnCF.l\1ENTPROVlSIONS Article 29. Thn Council of Mltdsl:.ers will denlltl detalls lo reinforce this Law. Hanoi, April 25th, 198.9 ron '{'HE 3T/\TE COUNcrr, TilE SOCIALIST RE1'UJ3LIC OF VlETNAM Cltnlrrn=tn (Signee! and sp.nled) vocrrt CONG 8