National One Health Strategic Plan 2022-2027

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE NATIONAL ONE HEALTH STRATEGIC PLAN 2022-2027 i THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE NATIONAL ONE HEALTH STRATEGIC PLAN 2022-2027 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE NATIONAL ONE HEALTH STRATEGIC PLAN 2022-2027 ii ii FOREWORD Recent global emerging pandemic threats have highlighted the increasing effects of zoonotic pathogens on human and animal health. It has also become evident that changes in the environment, including intensification of agriculture, population growth, urbanization, climate change and human encroachment into wildlife habitats are drivers for such zoonotic disease emergence. The One Health approach has been recognized as a major strategy of disease control and prevention as it emphasizes the relatedness of human, animal, and environmental health as well as the importance of trans - disciplinary efforts to control emerging pandemic threats. This has been demonstrated in the recent COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 across the World including Tanzania, where enhanced cross - sectoral communication during the outbreak led to the effective handling of the response. Similar efforts were observed in the development and implementation of the Tanzania National Avian and Pandemic Influenza Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (2011), National Rift Valley Fever Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (2011), and strategies aimed at prevention and control of prioritized zoonotic diseases as described in the first National One Health Strategic Plan 2015-2020. This second “National One Health Strategic Plan” has been developed using a multi- sectoral approach drawing expertise and experiences from various sectors reflecting shared commitment to enhanced collaboration among human, animal, wildlife, and environmental health sectors to reduce the burden of zoonotic diseases, Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) and other public health threats. This strategic plan is a whole-of- government guiding document summarizing strategic One Health activities among various stakeholders. The plan aims to create and maintain active collaboration coordination and communication among the relevant sectors for better prevention, prediction, detection, and response to health threats. Successful implementation of the strategic plan will contribute significantly to the overall goal of improving public health, food safety and security, and the livelihoods in the country. This strategic plan should be considered a “living document” and is open for feedback, additions and revisions based on changing needs. It is in this regard that we call upon one health related government departments, development partners, institutions of higher learning, research institutions, civil society, the private sector, and the Tanzanian community to join us in this noble initiative. Kassim Majaliwa Majaliwa (MP.) PRIME MINISTER THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Prime Minister’s Office wishes to thank all those who devoted their time and contributed to the successful completion of review of the National One Health Strategic Plan 2015-2020. Special appreciation goes to the team that worked tirelessly to draft this National One Health (NIMR), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS); Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA); University of Dodoma (UDOM); President’s Office Regional Administration and Local Governments (PO- RALG); African One Health University Networks (AFROHUN) and representatives from Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, Development partners and Non-Government Organizations. In addition, we wish to thank the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Sandia National Laboratories Global Chemical and Biological Security Program for providing financial support towards the review of this strategic plan. Dr. John A. K. Jingu PERMANENT SECRETARY, PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE (POLICY, PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS AND COORDINATION) iii ii FOREWORD Recent global emerging pandemic threats have highlighted the increasing effects of zoonotic pathogens on human and animal health. It has also become evident that changes in the environment, including intensification of agriculture, population growth, urbanization, climate change and human encroachment into wildlife habitats are drivers for such zoonotic disease emergence. The One Health approach has been recognized as a major strategy of disease control and prevention as it emphasizes the relatedness of human, animal, and environmental health as well as the importance of trans - disciplinary efforts to control emerging pandemic threats. This has been demonstrated in the recent COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 across the World including Tanzania, where enhanced cross - sectoral communication during the outbreak led to the effective handling of the response. Similar efforts were observed in the development and implementation of the Tanzania National Avian and Pandemic Influenza Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (2011), National Rift Valley Fever Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (2011), and strategies aimed at prevention and control of prioritized zoonotic diseases as described in the first National One Health Strategic Plan 2015-2020. This second “National One Health Strategic Plan” has been developed using a multi- sectoral approach drawing expertise and experiences from various sectors reflecting shared commitment to enhanced collaboration among human, animal, wildlife, and environmental health sectors to reduce the burden of zoonotic diseases, Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) and other public health threats. This strategic plan is a whole-of- government guiding document summarizing strategic One Health activities among various stakeholders. The plan aims to create and maintain active collaboration coordination and communication among the relevant sectors for better prevention, prediction, detection, and response to health threats. Successful implementation of the strategic plan will contribute significantly to the overall goal of improving public health, food safety and security, and the livelihoods in the country. This strategic plan should be considered a “living document” and is open for feedback, additions and revisions based on changing needs. It is in this regard that we call upon one health related government departments, development partners, institutions of higher learning, research institutions, civil society, the private sector, and the Tanzanian community to join us in this noble initiative. Kassim Majaliwa Majaliwa (MP.) PRIME MINISTER THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Prime Minister’s Office wishes to thank all those who devoted their time and contributed to the successful completion of review of the National One Health Strategic Plan 2015-2020. Special appreciation goes to the team that worked tirelessly to draft this National One Health (NIMR), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS); Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA); University of Dodoma (UDOM); President’s Office Regional Administration and Local Governments (PO- RALG); African One Health University Networks (AFROHUN) and representatives from Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, Development partners and Non-Government Organizations. In addition, we wish to thank the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Sandia National Laboratories Global Chemical and Biological Security Program for providing financial support towards the review of this strategic plan. Dr. John A. K. Jingu PERMANENT SECRETARY, PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE (POLICY, PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS AND COORDINATION) iv iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword .................................................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................. iv List of Tables ......................................................................................................................................... vi Abbreviations and acronyms ........................................................................................................... vii Executive summary ............................................................................................................................. ix 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Genesis of One Health ................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Country Profile ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3.1 Geography and Population of Tanzania ............................................................... 2 1.3.2 Administrative structure ........................................................................................ 2 1.3.3 Socio-economic development ............................................................................... 3 1.4 Agriculture, livestock and wildlife sectors ..................................................................... 3 1.5 Emerging Pandemic Threats ........................................................................................ 4 1.5.1 Zoonotic diseases ................................................................................................. 4 1.5.2 Antimicrobial resistance ........................................................................................ 5 1.5.3 Biosafety and biosecurity threats .......................................................................... 7 1.5.4 Food safety threats ............................................................................................... 7 1.5.5 Environmental health threats ................................................................................ 8 1.5.6 Climate change health threats .............................................................................. 8 1.5.7 Other emerging and re-emerging health threats ................................................... 9 1.6 One health approach .................................................................................................. 11 1.6.1 One Health Approach in Tanzania ...................................................................... 11 1.6.2 One health coordination ...................................................................................... 12 2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 ................................ 13 2.2 Evaluation and improvement of health systems ......................................................... 14 2.3 Regulatory framework ................................................................................................ 14 2.4 Human, animal and environmental health systems in Tanzania ................................ 16 2.4.1 Ministry of Health ................................................................................................ 16 2.4.2 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries ..................................................................... 16 2.4.3 Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism ........................................................ 17 2.4.4 Vice President’s Office- Environment ................................................................. 19 2.4.5 Ministry of Agriculture ......................................................................................... 19 2.4.6 Ministry of Education, Science and Technology ................................................. 20 v 2.5 Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC)................................... 21 2.6 Stakeholder’s analysis ............................................................................................... 29 3. THE STRATEGIC PLAN ............................................................................................................. 30 3.1 Purpose...................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 Vision and Mission ..................................................................................................... 30 3.2.1 Vision .................................................................................................................. 30 3.2.2 Mission................................................................................................................ 30 3.3 Objective of the strategy ............................................................................................ 30 3.4 Core Values ............................................................................................................... 30 3.5 Guiding Principles ...................................................................................................... 30 3.6 Strategic Pillars and Goals......................................................................................... 31 4. RESULTS FRAMEWORK........................................................................................................... 29 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 29 4.2 Result Chain............................................................................................................... 29 4.3 The Result Framework Matrix .................................................................................... 29 4.4 MONITORING & EVALUATION................................................................................. 29 4.4.1 Monitoring and Evaluation .................................................................................. 29 4.4.2 Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................... 29 4.4.3 Evaluation Plan ................................................................................................... 29 4.5 Reporting Plan ........................................................................................................... 29 4.5.1 Internal Reporting Plan ....................................................................................... 29 4.5.2 External Reporting Plan ...................................................................................... 29 4.6 Plan Review ............................................................................................................... 30 Appendix 1: NATIONAL ONE HEALTH STRATERGIC PLAN 2022 - 2027 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ...................................................................................................................................................... 31 Appendix 2: LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS......................................................................................... 72 viv TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword..................................................................................................................................................ii Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................iv List of Tables .........................................................................................................................................vi Abbreviations and acronyms ...........................................................................................................vii Executive summary .............................................................................................................................ix 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background.................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Genesis of One Health................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Country Profile ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3.1 Geography and Population of Tanzania ............................................................... 2 1.3.2 Administrative structure ........................................................................................ 2 1.3.3 Socio-economic development............................................................................... 3 1.4 Agriculture, livestock and wildlife sectors..................................................................... 3 1.5 Emerging Pandemic Threats........................................................................................ 4 1.5.1 Zoonotic diseases ................................................................................................. 4 1.5.2 Antimicrobial resistance ........................................................................................ 5 1.5.3 Biosafety and biosecurity threats .......................................................................... 7 1.5.4 Food safety threats ............................................................................................... 7 1.5.5 Environmental health threats ................................................................................ 8 1.5.6 Climate change health threats .............................................................................. 8 1.5.7 Other emerging and re-emerging health threats................................................... 9 1.6 One health approach.................................................................................................. 11 1.6.1 One Health Approach in Tanzania...................................................................... 11 1.7 1.6 One health coordination ....................................................................................... 12 2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005................................ 13 2.2 Evaluation and improvement of health systems......................................................... 14 2.3 Regulatory framework ................................................................................................ 14 2.4 Human, animal and environmental health systems in Tanzania................................ 16 2.4.1 Ministry of Health ................................................................................................ 16 2.4.2 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries ..................................................................... 16 2.4.3 Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism........................................................ 17 2.4.4 Vice President’s Office- Environment ................................................................. 19 2.4.5 Ministry of Agriculture ......................................................................................... 19 2.4.6 Ministry of Education, Science and Technology ................................................. 20 v 2.5 Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) ................................... 21 2.6 Stakeholder’s analysis ............................................................................................... 27 3. THE STRATEGIC PLAN ............................................................................................................. 28 3.1 Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.2 Vision and Mission ..................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1 Vision .................................................................................................................. 28 3.2.2 Mission ................................................................................................................ 28 3.3 Objective of the strategy ............................................................................................ 28 3.4 Core Values ............................................................................................................... 28 3.5 Guiding Principles ...................................................................................................... 28 3.6 Strategic Pillars and Goals ......................................................................................... 29 4. RESULTS FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................... 58 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 58 4.2 Result Chain ............................................................................................................... 58 4.3 The Result Framework Matrix .................................................................................... 58 4.4 Monitoring and Evaluation ......................................................................................... 62 4.4.1 Monitoring and Evaluation .................................................................................. 62 4.4.2 Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................... 62 4.4.3 Evaluation Plan ................................................................................................... 62 4.5 Reporting Plan ........................................................................................................... 64 4.5.1 Internal Reporting Plan ....................................................................................... 64 4.5.2 External Reporting Plan ...................................................................................... 64 4.6 Plan Review ............................................................................................................... 65 Appendix 1: NATIONAL ONE HEALTH STRATERGIC PLAN 2022 - 2027 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ...................................................................................................................................................... 66 Appendix 2: LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS .......................................................................................107 07101 vi vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) .............................. 22 Table 2: Logical Framework ..................................................................................................... 30 Table 3: Results Matrix ............................................................................................................. 59 Table 4: Internal Reporting plan ............................................................................................... 64 Table 5: External Reporting Plan .............................................................................................. 64 vii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFROHUN Africa One Health University Network AMR Anti-microbial resistance AU African Union BTRP Biological Threat Reduction Program CBOs Community Based Organizations CDC Centre for Disease Control and prevention GCLA Government Chemist Laboratory Authority CPD Continuous Professional Development CSOs Civil Society Organizations DPPOs District Plant Protection Officers DTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency DVO District Veterinary Officer DVS Director of Veterinary Services EAC East African Community EOCC Emergency Operation Centre and Communication FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN FBOs Faith Based Organizations GHSA Global Health Security Agenda GIZ German International Development Cooperation ICE Information, Communication and Education IDSR Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response IHR International Health Regulations (2005) JEE Joint External Evaluation LITA Livestock Training Agency MCT Medical Council of Tanganyika MLF Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries MNRT Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoEST Ministry of Education, Science and Technology MoFP Ministry of Finance and Planning MoH Ministry of Health, MoU Memorandum of Understanding MUHAS Muhimbili Health and Allied Sciences NACTE National Council for Technical Education NAP National Action Plan NAPHS National Action Plan for Health Security NEMC National Environment Management Council NGOs Non- Government Organizations NIMR National Institute of Medical Research NM-AIST Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology OH One Health OHCD One Health Coordination Desk OHS One Health Section OHSP One Health Strategic Plan vii vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) .............................. 29 Table 2: Logical Framework ..................................................................................................... 29 Table 3: Results Matrix ............................................................................................................. 29 Table 5: Internal Reporting plan ............................................................................................... 29 Table 6: External Reporting Plan .............................................................................................. 29 vii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFROHUN Africa One Health University Network AMR Anti-microbial resistance AU African Union BTRP Biological Threat Reduction Program CBOs Community Based Organizations CDC Centre for Disease Control and prevention GCLA Government Chemist Laboratory Authority CPD Continuous Professional Development CSOs Civil Society Organizations DPPOs District Plant Protection Officers DTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency DVO District Veterinary Officer DVS Director of Veterinary Services EAC East African Community EOCC Emergency Operation Centre and Communication FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN FBOs Faith Based Organizations GHSA Global Health Security Agenda GIZ German International Development Cooperation ICE Information, Communication and Education IDSR Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response IHR International Health Regulations (2005) JEE Joint External Evaluation LITA Livestock Training Agency MCT Medical Council of Tanganyika MLF Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries MNRT Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoEST Ministry of Education, Science and Technology MoFP Ministry of Finance and Planning MoH Ministry of Health, MoU Memorandum of Understanding MUHAS Muhimbili Health and Allied Sciences NACTE National Council for Technical Education NAP National Action Plan NAPHS National Action Plan for Health Security NEMC National Environment Management Council NGOs Non- Government Organizations NIMR National Institute of Medical Research NM-AIST Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology OH One Health OHCD One Health Coordination Desk OHS One Health Section OHSP One Health Strategic Plan viii viii OIE World Organization for Animal Health PHEOC Public Health Emergency Operation Centre PHS Plant Health Services PMO Prime Minister’s Office PO-RALG President’s Office, Regional Administration and Local Government PVS Performance Veterinary Services RVF Rift Valley Fever RVO Regional Veterinary Officer SACIDS Southern Africa Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance SADC Southern African Development Community SNL Sandia National Laboratories SOPs Standard Operating Procedure SUA Sokoine University of Agriculture SWOC Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges TABSA Tanzania Biosafety and Biosecurity Association TADMAC Tanzania Disaster Management Council TALIRI Tanzania Livestock Research Institute TARI Tanzania Research Institute TAWIRI Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute TCU Tanzania Commission for Universities TMA Tanzania Meteorological Agency ToRs Terms of References ToTs Training of Trainers TVA Tanzania Veterinary Agency TVLA Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agencies TWG Technical Working Group UDOM University of Dodoma UNEP United Nations Environment Program VCT Veterinary Council of Tanzania VPO Vice President Office WAAW World Antimicrobial Awareness Week WHO World Health Organization ZVCs Zonal Veterinary Centers ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This One Health Strategic Plan has been developed in accordance with the National Development Vision 2025, the Third Five Year Development Plan of the year 2021/22 to 2025/26 and the Ruling Party Election Manifesto of 2020. The revised Plan embraces the successes and opportunities gathered in the course of implementing NOHSP 2015 – 2020, addresses weaknesses, and constraints, as obtained from various sources including One Health stakeholders’ meetings. This jointly revised One Health strategic plan will allow human, animal (including wildlife), environmental health experts and other associated expertise to work collaboratively to prevent, detect and respond to emerging and re-emerging diseases from this interface. In addition, the implementation of the Strategic plan will take into account the recently launched first joint plan on One Health that aims to strengthen collaboration, communication, capacity building, and coordination across all sectors responsible for addressing health concerns at the human-animal-plant-environment interface. The Strategic Plan is structured in four chapters. Chapter One is on Introduction, and it consists of the background, genesis of One Health, the country profile which includes geography and population of Tanzania, administrative structure, socio-economic development and agriculture, livestock, and wildlife sectors. The chapter also presents emerging pandemic threats namely zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, Biosafety and Biosecurity threats, food safety threats, environmental health threats, climate change health threats and other emerging and re-emerging health threats. The introduction also entails One Health approach globally, in Tanzania as well as its coordination. Chapter Two presents the Situation Analysis in which implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005; evaluation and improvement of health systems; regulatory framework as well as mandates and functions of OH Section are described. The chapter also describes Human, Animal and Environmental Health Systems in Tanzania that consists of the Ministry of Health; the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries; the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism; the Vice President’s Office-Environment; the Ministry of Agriculture; and Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. In addition, the chapter presents Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges that emanated from performance review of OHSP of 2015-2020. Moreover, the chapter describes stakeholders’ analysis. Chapter Three focuses on the Strategic Plan where it outlines the Vision, Mission, Core Values and Guiding Principles. Also, the chapter describes six strategic pillars namely, Coordination; Surveillance, Detection, Prevention and Control; Preparedness and Response; Research and Development; Awareness, Advocacy and Communication as well as Training and Education. For each pillar, there are strategic goals, strategic objectives, strategy, targets, activities, indicators, and means of verification. ix viii OIE World Organization for Animal Health PHEOC Public Health Emergency Operation Centre PHS Plant Health Services PMO Prime Minister’s Office PO-RALG President’s Office, Regional Administration and Local Government PVS Performance Veterinary Services RVF Rift Valley Fever RVO Regional Veterinary Officer SACIDS Southern Africa Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance SADC Southern African Development Community SNL Sandia National Laboratories SOPs Standard Operating Procedure SUA Sokoine University of Agriculture SWOC Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges TABSA Tanzania Biosafety and Biosecurity Association TADMAC Tanzania Disaster Management Council TALIRI Tanzania Livestock Research Institute TARI Tanzania Research Institute TAWIRI Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute TCU Tanzania Commission for Universities TMA Tanzania Meteorological Agency ToRs Terms of References ToTs Training of Trainers TVA Tanzania Veterinary Agency TVLA Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agencies TWG Technical Working Group UDOM University of Dodoma UNEP United Nations Environment Program VCT Veterinary Council of Tanzania VPO Vice President Office WAAW World Antimicrobial Awareness Week WHO World Health Organization ZVCs Zonal Veterinary Centers ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This One Health Strategic Plan has been developed in accordance with the National Development Vision 2025, the Third Five Year Development Plan of the year 2021/22 to 2025/26 and the Ruling Party Election Manifesto of 2020. The revised Plan embraces the successes and opportunities gathered in the course of implementing NOHSP 2015 – 2020, addresses weaknesses, and constraints, as obtained from various sources including One Health stakeholders’ meetings. This jointly revised One Health strategic plan will allow human, animal (including wildlife), environmental health experts and other associated expertise to work collaboratively to prevent, detect and respond to emerging and re-emerging diseases from this interface. In addition, the implementation of the Strategic plan will take into account the recently launched first joint plan on One Health that aims to strengthen collaboration, communication, capacity building, and coordination across all sectors responsible for addressing health concerns at the human-animal-plant-environment interface. The Strategic Plan is structured in four chapters. Chapter One is on Introduction, and it consists of the background, genesis of One Health, the country profile which includes geography and population of Tanzania, administrative structure, socio-economic development and agriculture, livestock, and wildlife sectors. The chapter also presents emerging pandemic threats namely zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, Biosafety and Biosecurity threats, food safety threats, environmental health threats, climate change health threats and other emerging and re-emerging health threats. The introduction also entails One Health approach globally, in Tanzania as well as its coordination. Chapter Two presents the Situation Analysis in which implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005; evaluation and improvement of health systems; regulatory framework as well as mandates and functions of OH Section are described. The chapter also describes Human, Animal and Environmental Health Systems in Tanzania that consists of the Ministry of Health; the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries; the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism; the Vice President’s Office-Environment; the Ministry of Agriculture; and Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. In addition, the chapter presents Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges that emanated from performance review of OHSP of 2015-2020. Moreover, the chapter describes stakeholders’ analysis. Chapter Three focuses on the Strategic Plan where it outlines the Vision, Mission, Core Values and Guiding Principles. Also, the chapter describes six strategic pillars namely, Coordination; Surveillance, Detection, Prevention and Control; Preparedness and Response; Research and Development; Awareness, Advocacy and Communication as well as Training and Education. For each pillar, there are strategic goals, strategic objectives, strategy, targets, activities, indicators, and means of verification. x x Chapter Four explains Results Framework underlining result chain, the result framework based on pillars; monitoring and evaluation of the strategy, reviews plan as well as reporting plan. Also, the annual action plan for accomplishing OHSP 2022-2027 is presented as an appendix 1. 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The emergence and re-emergence of pandemic and other public health threats are complex and multifaceted, as evidenced by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Their effective management and countering require multiple lines of collaborative action and sustained cross-sectorial coordination. The One Health Approach is a strategy designed to promote multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary use of knowledge and skills of medical, public health, veterinary and environmental professionals to address animal, human and environmental health challenges. Although One Health is not a new concept, it has become more important in recent years to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment. Interactions among people, animals, and the environment continue to change. The expansion of human and animal populations, changes in climate and land use, and increased international travel and trade provide opportunities for disease spread. Approximately 75% of recently emerging infectious diseases affecting humans are diseases of animal origin; approximately 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic. One Health obviously includes the health professions, but, it also includes wildlife specialists, anthropologists, economists, environmentalists, behavioral scientists, and sociologists, among others. One Health embraces the idea that complex problems at the human-animal- environmental interface can best be solved through multidisciplinary communication, cooperation, and collaboration. One Health is increasingly being acknowledged by national and international institutions as the most constructive approach to address complex issues at the animal-human-environmental interface. 1.2 Genesis of One Health The One Health concept was preceded by the ‘One Medicine’ concept which has African roots when in 1960s, the American epidemiologist Calvin Schwabe, influenced by his work with Dinka pastoralists in Sudan coined the term ‘One Medicine’ based on similarities between human and veterinary medicine. During 1980s, the ‘One Medicine’ concept evolved and it was extended to ‘One Health’ to reflect the concept of health to the whole ecosystem as pioneered by the international organization’s namely the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In Africa, the One Health approach was adopted in 2018 when a One Health programme was adopted under the Africa Centre’s for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). This programme embraces cross-cutting public health issues including antimicrobial resistance and zoonotic diseases as priority areas. The One Health Programme at Africa CDC is comprised of a cross-divisional One Health Technical Working Group (OH-TWG) with representation from five technical divisions namely; surveillance and disease intelligence, emergency preparedness and response, laboratory systems, public health institutes and research and; disease control and prevention. During the 35th Ordinary Meeting of the East African Council of Ministers held in 2017, it was decided to embrace the One Health and establish and operationalize an EAC Regional One Health Platform. In 2019, the 19th EAC Sectoral Council of Ministers of Health directed the EAC Secretariat to strengthen multi-sectoral collaboration and 1 x Chapter Four explains Results Framework underlining result chain, the result framework based on pillars; monitoring and evaluation of the strategy, reviews plan as well as reporting plan. Also, the annual action plan for accomplishing OHSP 2022-2027 is presented as an appendix 1. 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The emergence and re-emergence of pandemic and other public health threats are complex and multifaceted, as evidenced by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Their effective management and countering require multiple lines of collaborative action and sustained cross-sectorial coordination. The One Health Approach is a strategy designed to promote multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary use of knowledge and skills of medical, public health, veterinary and environmental professionals to address animal, human and environmental health challenges. Although One Health is not a new concept, it has become more important in recent years to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment. Interactions among people, animals, and the environment continue to change. The expansion of human and animal populations, changes in climate and land use, and increased international travel and trade provide opportunities for disease spread. Approximately 75% of recently emerging infectious diseases affecting humans are diseases of animal origin; approximately 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic. One Health obviously includes the health professions, but, it also includes wildlife specialists, anthropologists, economists, environmentalists, behavioral scientists, and sociologists, among others. One Health embraces the idea that complex problems at the human-animal- environmental interface can best be solved through multidisciplinary communication, cooperation, and collaboration. One Health is increasingly being acknowledged by national and international institutions as the most constructive approach to address complex issues at the animal-human-environmental interface. 1.2 Genesis of One Health The One Health concept was preceded by the ‘One Medicine’ concept which has African roots when in 1960s, the American epidemiologist Calvin Schwabe, influenced by his work with Dinka pastoralists in Sudan coined the term ‘One Medicine’ based on similarities between human and veterinary medicine. During 1980s, the ‘One Medicine’ concept evolved and it was extended to ‘One Health’ to reflect the concept of health to the whole ecosystem as pioneered by the international organization’s namely the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In Africa, the One Health approach was adopted in 2018 when a One Health programme was adopted under the Africa Centre’s for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). This programme embraces cross-cutting public health issues including antimicrobial resistance and zoonotic diseases as priority areas. The One Health Programme at Africa CDC is comprised of a cross-divisional One Health Technical Working Group (OH-TWG) with representation from five technical divisions namely; surveillance and disease intelligence, emergency preparedness and response, laboratory systems, public health institutes and research and; disease control and prevention. During the 35th Ordinary Meeting of the East African Council of Ministers held in 2017, it was decided to embrace the One Health and establish and operationalize an EAC Regional One Health Platform. In 2019, the 19th EAC Sectoral Council of Ministers of Health directed the EAC Secretariat to strengthen multi-sectoral collaboration and 2 coordination by developing a regional One Health Strategy. It is expected that adoption of this strategy will provide guidance for multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral preparedness, prevention, detection and response to public health threats across EAC borders and consequently improve coordination in response, prevention and control of infectious diseases of One Health nature in humans, animals and environment in the region. In Tanzania, the concept of One Health, underpinned by multi-sectoral collaborations, was first adopted in the control of the Rift Valley Fever outbreak of 2007. During this period, a number of One Health-driven networks and consortia were formed. These include, but not limited to, the Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases (SACIDS), the One Health Network for Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA), the African Research Consortium for Ecosystem and Population Health (Afrique One), the One Health National Networks for Enhanced Research in Infectious Diseases (NRN- Biomed), the Cysticercosis Working Group in East and Southern Africa (CWGESA) and Health for Animals and Livelihood (HALI). Most of these networks and consortia were established by collaborative research scientists at universities and research institutions to promote One Health research so as to generate evidence to inform policy. During 2013, a National One Health Agenda (NOHA) in Tanzania was conceived and formalized during the 2013 joint NIMR/2nd One Health Scientific Conference. 1.3 Country Profile 1.3.1 Geography and Population of Tanzania Tanzania is a country in East Africa in the Great Lakes region, covering a total area including inland water and Zanzibar of 947,303 km2, where 886,040 km2 comprises of land and 62,050 km2 comprises of water (Lake, 2013). The climate varies with geographical zones: tropical on the coast where it is hot and humid (rainy season March - May); semi-temperate in the mountains with short rains November - December and long rains February – May, while it is drier in the plateau region with considerable seasonal variations in temperature. Rainfall is well distributed throughout the year reaching its peak during the period of March through May. Such diverse climate influences a wide range of vectors of veterinary and public health importance. Tanzania mainland total population as of the 2022 nation census stand at 61,741,120 people. The overall population growth rate is estimated to be 3.2% per year. Agriculture supports the livelihoods of 82% of the population, 70% of which is rural. About 37% (1,745,776 out of 4,901,837) of the households keep livestock. 1.3.2 Administrative structure Tanzania is divided into thirty-one administrative regions: 26 in the Mainland and five in Zanzibar (three in Unguja, two in Pemba). There are 169 districts, known as local government authorities. Since 1986, the government has undergone several reforms in its sectors, including Public, Agriculture and Local government. 3 Sectors involved in One Health activities function at both the national and local governments. Within the devolved governance, veterinary services are managed under the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (MLF); public health service is managed under the Ministry of Health (MoH) at the national level and at sub national (regional) level, by the President Office - Regional and Local Administration (PO-RALG), while the wildlife service is managed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT). 1.3.3 Socio-economic development The national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) shows an average growth rate of about 6.5-7% between 2016 and 2020, with an average annual rate of inflation of 3.3%. In accordance with the current Five -Year Development Plan III [FYDP III], the targeted average GDP growth rate is expected to be not less than 8% per annum. The thrust of Tanzania’s development agenda, has been on economic growth and specifically addressing the negative impacts of illiteracy, poverty, and disease burdens. Among the factors contributing to the slowdown of attaining the intended targets include; climate change including floods that affect basic infrastructure; outbreak of diseases including COVID-19 that affect trade and investments; low productivity and limited growth of primary sectors. 1.4 Agriculture, livestock and wildlife sectors Tanzania is endowed with 95.5 million hectares of land, of which 44 million hectares are classified as suitable for farming. However, despite this potential, only 10.6 million hectares are currently utilized for crop production. On the other hand, although approximately 50 million hectares of rangelands are suitable for livestock grazing, only 50% are in use. Nevertheless, the agricultural sector has continued to serve as the lifeline of rural livelihood and national food security. Indeed, the sector supports livelihoods of close to 82% of the population. The sector is still characterized by smallholder and traditional farming systems. The performance of the sector is also negatively impacted by continued use of low genetic resources; multitude and high burdens of pests and diseases; poor husbandry practices and poor extension services, coupled with weak technology transfer back-up systems. Other factors relate to weak capacities include value addition and marketing systems, negative effects of climate change and variability and poor land use systems. Tanzania’s livestock population is comprised of 33.9 million cattle,98% of which are indigenous breeds 87.7 million poultry, 24.5 million goats, 8.5 million sheep, 4 million dogs, 3.2 million pigs, and 657,389 donkeys. In addition to supplying food products, livestock play a major role as an engine for rural livelihoods and development. Livestock provide draught power, transport and manure as fertilizer for crop farming activities and potential energy sources through biogas technologies for rural electrification and/or cooking fuel. Moreover, Tanzania contains some 20% of the species of Africa-s large mammal population, found across its reserves, conservation areas, marine parks and seventeen 3 2 coordination by developing a regional One Health Strategy. It is expected that adoption of this strategy will provide guidance for multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral preparedness, prevention, detection and response to public health threats across EAC borders and consequently improve coordination in response, prevention and control of infectious diseases of One Health nature in humans, animals and environment in the region. In Tanzania, the concept of One Health, underpinned by multi-sectoral collaborations, was first adopted in the control of the Rift Valley Fever outbreak of 2007. During this period, a number of One Health-driven networks and consortia were formed. These include, but not limited to, the Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases (SACIDS), the One Health Network for Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA), the African Research Consortium for Ecosystem and Population Health (Afrique One), the One Health National Networks for Enhanced Research in Infectious Diseases (NRN- Biomed), the Cysticercosis Working Group in East and Southern Africa (CWGESA) and Health for Animals and Livelihood (HALI). Most of these networks and consortia were established by collaborative research scientists at universities and research institutions to promote One Health research so as to generate evidence to inform policy. During 2013, a National One Health Agenda (NOHA) in Tanzania was conceived and formalized during the 2013 joint NIMR/2nd One Health Scientific Conference. 1.3 Country Profile 1.3.1 Geography and Population of Tanzania Tanzania is a country in East Africa in the Great Lakes region, covering a total area including inland water and Zanzibar of 947,303 km2, where 886,040 km2 comprises of land and 62,050 km2 comprises of water (Lake, 2013). The climate varies with geographical zones: tropical on the coast where it is hot and humid (rainy season March - May); semi-temperate in the mountains with short rains November - December and long rains February – May, while it is drier in the plateau region with considerable seasonal variations in temperature. Rainfall is well distributed throughout the year reaching its peak during the period of March through May. Such diverse climate influences a wide range of vectors of veterinary and public health importance. Tanzania mainland total population as of the 2022 nation census stand at 61,741,120 people. The overall population growth rate is estimated to be 3.2% per year. Agriculture supports the livelihoods of 82% of the population, 70% of which is rural. About 37% (1,745,776 out of 4,901,837) of the households keep livestock. 1.3.2 Administrative structure Tanzania is divided into thirty-one administrative regions: 26 in the Mainland and five in Zanzibar (three in Unguja, two in Pemba). There are 169 districts, known as local government authorities. Since 1986, the government has undergone several reforms in its sectors, including Public, Agriculture and Local government. 3 Sectors involved in One Health activities function at both the national and local governments. Within the devolved governance, veterinary services are managed under the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (MLF); public health service is managed under the Ministry of Health (MoH) at the national level and at sub national (regional) level, by the President Office - Regional and Local Administration (PO-RALG), while the wildlife service is managed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT). 1.3.3 Socio-economic development The national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) shows an average growth rate of about 6.5-7% between 2016 and 2020, with an average annual rate of inflation of 3.3%. In accordance with the current Five -Year Development Plan III [FYDP III], the targeted average GDP growth rate is expected to be not less than 8% per annum. The thrust of Tanzania’s development agenda, has been on economic growth and specifically addressing the negative impacts of illiteracy, poverty, and disease burdens. Among the factors contributing to the slowdown of attaining the intended targets include; climate change including floods that affect basic infrastructure; outbreak of diseases including COVID-19 that affect trade and investments; low productivity and limited growth of primary sectors. 1.4 Agriculture, livestock and wildlife sectors Tanzania is endowed with 95.5 million hectares of land, of which 44 million hectares are classified as suitable for farming. However, despite this potential, only 10.6 million hectares are currently utilized for crop production. On the other hand, although approximately 50 million hectares of rangelands are suitable for livestock grazing, only 50% are in use. Nevertheless, the agricultural sector has continued to serve as the lifeline of rural livelihood and national food security. Indeed, the sector supports livelihoods of close to 82% of the population. The sector is still characterized by smallholder and traditional farming systems. The performance of the sector is also negatively impacted by continued use of low genetic resources; multitude and high burdens of pests and diseases; poor husbandry practices and poor extension services, coupled with weak technology transfer back-up systems. Other factors relate to weak capacities include value addition and marketing systems, negative effects of climate change and variability and poor land use systems. Tanzania’s livestock population is comprised of 33.9 million cattle,98% of which are indigenous breeds 87.7 million poultry, 24.5 million goats, 8.5 million sheep, 4 million dogs, 3.2 million pigs, and 657,389 donkeys. In addition to supplying food products, livestock play a major role as an engine for rural livelihoods and development. Livestock provide draught power, transport and manure as fertilizer for crop farming activities and potential energy sources through biogas technologies for rural electrification and/or cooking fuel. Moreover, Tanzania contains some 20% of the species of Africa-s large mammal population, found across its reserves, conservation areas, marine parks and seventeen 4 national parks, spread over an area of more than 42,000 km2 and forming approximate 38% of the country’s territory. This established interface between humans, animals, and the environment, provides opportunity to share multiple resources but also a source of diseases that influence public health as well as social and economic well-being of the human species (WHO 2020a). 1.5 Emerging Pandemic Threats Recently, nations worldwide have been grappling with an increase in emerging and re- emerging diseases at the human, animal, and environmental interface. The pathogens responsible for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases can spread rapidly, not only nationally but regionally and globally. The unprecedented Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014 and the COVID 19 pandemic in 2019 triggered crises that, for a period, seemed to evade effective national and international responses, with catastrophic results for human health and wellbeing, food security, and economic prosperity. In 2005-2006, facing the threat of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, most African countries established multi-sectoral committees to help address the threat. When that threat was under control worldwide and the disease-specific funding that supported these structures diminished or disappeared-these committees disbanded. However, it is anticipated that the Ebola and COVID 19 response structures developed internationally and nationally will be improved and become sustainable. Recent outbreak experiences, especially with avian influenza, have spurred increasing recognition of the importance of an ongoing multi-sectorial effort to proactively address pandemic threats. A One Health approach has been internationally endorsed by FAO, OIE and WHO and later by UNEP, to form a Tripartite Plus that is expected to improve prevention, detection and response to emerging pandemic threats. Important questions, however, still remain about how to concretely institutionalize and operationalize this approach in different countries. Nearly 75% of all new, emerging and re-emerging diseases affecting humans at the beginning of the 21st Century have originated in wildlife. HIV/AIDS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and avian influenza vividly remind us of how vulnerable the increasingly interconnected world can be to the global impact of new emergent diseases. The speed with which these diseases can emerge and spread presents serious public health, economic and development concerns. These diseases also underscore the need for the development of comprehensive disease detection, prevention, and response capacities nationally and internationally particularly in those geographic areas where disease threats are likely to emerge. Recognizing the above need, this strategic plan describes below, the most important emerging health threats for which sufficient detection, prevention, and response capacities must be developed. 1.5.1 Zoonotic diseases Tanzania has adopted six priority zoonotic diseases since 2016 when a joint priority list was created based on a systematic analysis of weighted criteria by representatives from different sectors. The criteria came up with top priority zoonotic diseases that include 5 Rabies, Rift Valley Fever and other viral haemorrhagic fevers (Marburg and Ebola), Zoonotic influenza, Anthrax, Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) and Brucellosis. However, in the advent of COVID 19 which emerged globally in 2019, it is obvious that it should be included as one of the priority zoonotic diseases. Globally, it is well known and established that 60-80% of human pathogens, including those responsible for emerging and re-emerging pandemics, have multiple sources or hosts with most of them originating from animals. Studies have shown that over 60% of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in humans are zoonotic in nature; of which 72% originate from wildlife sources. Therefore, this implies that any form of close interaction between humans, livestock and wildlife is likely to result into immense influences on disease dynamics in humans. With Tanzanian flora and fauna, being the fourth mega- biodiversity entity after Brazil, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), it implies that the scope of risks of wildlife being a source of human infections is high, especially in interface areas. Co-existence between humans and wildlife ecosystems, encroachment of wildlife ecosystems that increases deforestation are clear evidence for potential crossover of pathogens between wildlife, livestock, and humans. In Tanzania, it has also been demonstrated that febrile syndromes, caused by zoonotic diseases such as leptospirosis, brucellosis, and Q-fever, have often been misdiagnosed as malaria cases. Misdiagnosis as a result of poor technical skills of health experts and low capacities of health systems has often led to various forms of mistreatment, thereby resulting into prolonged illness, increased disease burdens as well as inappropriate use of antimalarial therapies. All the above account demonstrates that, albeit limited studies, Tanzania experiences various forms of health threats and burdens from several zoonotic infections, with some having received either minimal attention or attained a neglected status. This also shows that efforts designed to safeguard human health should address risks attributed to a variety of zoonoses. 1.5.2 Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials play an essential role in combatting infectious diseases in both human and veterinary medicine. The introduction of penicillin in the 20th century led to a dramatic reduction in illnesses and deaths from bacterial infectious diseases. Conversely, the miracle cure provided by antimicrobials for common bacterial infections is being eroded by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance (as defined by the WHO) is resistance of a microorganism to respond well to an antimicrobial medicine that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it. Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging public health problem globally. Although there is limited data on antibiotic resistance in Tanzania, even in the 1990s, resistance to antimicrobials in common use, such as ampicillin, tetracycline, chloroquine, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was significant. 5 4 national parks, spread over an area of more than 42,000 km2 and forming approximate 38% of the country’s territory. This established interface between humans, animals, and the environment, provides opportunity to share multiple resources but also a source of diseases that influence public health as well as social and economic well-being of the human species (WHO 2020a). 1.5 Emerging Pandemic Threats Recently, nations worldwide have been grappling with an increase in emerging and re- emerging diseases at the human, animal, and environmental interface. The pathogens responsible for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases can spread rapidly, not only nationally but regionally and globally. The unprecedented Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014 and the COVID 19 pandemic in 2019 triggered crises that, for a period, seemed to evade effective national and international responses, with catastrophic results for human health and wellbeing, food security, and economic prosperity. In 2005-2006, facing the threat of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, most African countries established multi-sectoral committees to help address the threat. When that threat was under control worldwide and the disease-specific funding that supported these structures diminished or disappeared-these committees disbanded. However, it is anticipated that the Ebola and COVID 19 response structures developed internationally and nationally will be improved and become sustainable. Recent outbreak experiences, especially with avian influenza, have spurred increasing recognition of the importance of an ongoing multi-sectorial effort to proactively address pandemic threats. A One Health approach has been internationally endorsed by FAO, OIE and WHO and later by UNEP, to form a Tripartite Plus that is expected to improve prevention, detection and response to emerging pandemic threats. Important questions, however, still remain about how to concretely institutionalize and operationalize this approach in different countries. Nearly 75% of all new, emerging and re-emerging diseases affecting humans at the beginning of the 21st Century have originated in wildlife. HIV/AIDS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and avian influenza vividly remind us of how vulnerable the increasingly interconnected world can be to the global impact of new emergent diseases. The speed with which these diseases can emerge and spread presents serious public health, economic and development concerns. These diseases also underscore the need for the development of comprehensive disease detection, prevention, and response capacities nationally and internationally particularly in those geographic areas where disease threats are likely to emerge. Recognizing the above need, this strategic plan describes below, the most important emerging health threats for which sufficient detection, prevention, and response capacities must be developed. 1.5.1 Zoonotic diseases Tanzania has adopted six priority zoonotic diseases since 2016 when a joint priority list was created based on a systematic analysis of weighted criteria by representatives from different sectors. The criteria came up with top priority zoonotic diseases that include 5 Rabies, Rift Valley Fever and other viral haemorrhagic fevers (Marburg and Ebola), Zoonotic influenza, Anthrax, Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) and Brucellosis. However, in the advent of COVID 19 which emerged globally in 2019, it is obvious that it should be included as one of the priority zoonotic diseases. Globally, it is well known and established that 60-80% of human pathogens, including those responsible for emerging and re-emerging pandemics, have multiple sources or hosts with most of them originating from animals. Studies have shown that over 60% of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in humans are zoonotic in nature; of which 72% originate from wildlife sources. Therefore, this implies that any form of close interaction between humans, livestock and wildlife is likely to result into immense influences on disease dynamics in humans. With Tanzanian flora and fauna, being the fourth mega- biodiversity entity after Brazil, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), it implies that the scope of risks of wildlife being a source of human infections is high, especially in interface areas. Co-existence between humans and wildlife ecosystems, encroachment of wildlife ecosystems that increases deforestation are clear evidence for potential crossover of pathogens between wildlife, livestock, and humans. In Tanzania, it has also been demonstrated that febrile syndromes, caused by zoonotic diseases such as leptospirosis, brucellosis, and Q-fever, have often been misdiagnosed as malaria cases. Misdiagnosis as a result of poor technical skills of health experts and low capacities of health systems has often led to various forms of mistreatment, thereby resulting into prolonged illness, increased disease burdens as well as inappropriate use of antimalarial therapies. All the above account demonstrates that, albeit limited studies, Tanzania experiences various forms of health threats and burdens from several zoonotic infections, with some having received either minimal attention or attained a neglected status. This also shows that efforts designed to safeguard human health should address risks attributed to a variety of zoonoses. 1.5.2 Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials play an essential role in combatting infectious diseases in both human and veterinary medicine. The introduction of penicillin in the 20th century led to a dramatic reduction in illnesses and deaths from bacterial infectious diseases. Conversely, the miracle cure provided by antimicrobials for common bacterial infections is being eroded by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance (as defined by the WHO) is resistance of a microorganism to respond well to an antimicrobial medicine that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it. Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging public health problem globally. Although there is limited data on antibiotic resistance in Tanzania, even in the 1990s, resistance to antimicrobials in common use, such as ampicillin, tetracycline, chloroquine, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was significant. 6 Through a natural selection mechanism, treatment of diseases by antimicrobials, microorganisms slowly adapt to them and gradually require more and more of it until they become completely resistant to an antimicrobial that was originally very effective. This problem has been developing for the past five decades and now it is going to endanger our ability to take care of patients in health care systems thereby leading to epidemics of once treatable diseases with resistant microorganisms. The AMR problem will also endanger our ability to sustain food supply and our ability to enhance national development. Taken together, antimicrobial resistance is a major wicked problem. AMR has therefore been designated as a complex or wicked health problem because its causes are complex, and its solution is complex. However, the debate about antibiotic use in agriculture remains complicated by its relation to other scientific, political, and economic issues. Despite development of novel drugs to replace resistant ones, AMR is spreading faster than the introduction of new compounds into clinical practice, causing a public health crisis. The most unfortunate phenomenon about causes of AMR is where humans consume animal and plant products which have been contaminated with antimicrobials either intentionally through treatment or accidentally through feeds and environmental contamination. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics is facilitated in many places by their availability over the counter and without prescription, but even where this is not the case prescribing practices vary hugely between (and often within) countries. Such issues are only made worse by large quantities of counterfeit and sub-standard antimicrobials permeating the pharmaceutical markets in some regions. In some places in Africa antimicrobials are sold in streets and open markets further perpetuating the problem of AMR. The use of antibiotics in agriculture is routinely described as a major contributor to the clinical problem of resistant disease in human medicine. Chickens, eggs, meat and milk products we take are often having small doses of antimicrobials which inevitably could cause resistance in humans. This is a very frightening situation since most of us consume these animal products with little or no knowledge of its health implications. It is obvious that livestock keepers cannot follow the rules or regulations which force them into curling of animals or discarding animal products during withdrawal periods because they affect their economic livelihoods. In addressing this complexity, the Government of Tanzania has adopted the Agenda of the 68th World Health Assembly of May 2015, which adopted the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance and urged Member States to develop National Action Plans for AMR using a “One Health Approach” as a way to address this and other complex problems. The National action plan outlined the key strategic objectives, interventions, and activities to slow the development and spread of AMR and improve patient outcome. The objectives of the NAP are to: Improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance through effective communication, education and training; Strengthen the knowledge and evidence base through surveillance and research; reduce the incidence of infection through effective sanitation, hygiene and infection prevention measures; Optimize the use of antimicrobial medicines in human and animal health; develop the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account of the needs of all 7 countries and to increase investment in new medicines, diagnostic tools, vaccines and other interventions. 1.5.3 Biosafety and biosecurity threats Biosafety refers to the safety measures put in place to prevent people from unintentional exposure to infectious microorganisms and toxins, (or simply preventing people from pathogens); whereas Biosecurity refers to security measures designed to prevent the loss, theft, misuse, diversion, or intentional release of highly infectious microorganisms and toxins (or simply preventing pathogens from bad people). On the other hand, Biorisk Management refers to the system or processes put in place to control Biosafety and Biosecurity risks associated with handling or storage and disposal of infectious microorganisms or toxins in human, animal and environmental health services. The demand for implementing Bio risk Management is increasing day by day due to increasing biosafety and biosecurity risks (bio risks) associated with episodes of emerging and re-emerging diseases, affecting humans, animals and plants causing significant health and economic impact in the country. Bio risks associated with Rift Valley Fever outbreaks in East Africa (2006-2007), Acute Aflatoxin poisoning (2016); and the current COVID-19 global pandemic (2019) are just a few examples of bio risks affecting humans, animals and plants), all of which could constitute complex health problems. Additionally, increased human, domestic animals, wildlife, and environment interactions collectively increase the frequency of such health and economic challenges. Furthermore, the increasing global population especially in developing countries, increased global travel and transportation, and urbanization, have been associated with increased risks of disease outbreaks, bioterrorism and other health emergencies that are mostly life threatening. Thus, joint efforts of human, animal, and environmental experts as well as well-organized multisectoral coordination mechanisms through One Health approach is of paramount importance and could provide solutions to these complex problems. Therefore, incorporating Biosafety and Biosecurity activities in the National One Health Strategic Plan (OHSP) will help to scale up implementation of Bio risk Management and improve the safety and security of the country. 1.5.4 Food safety threats Disease outbreaks in livestock not only put at risk their immediate food source, but it also puts at risk their livelihoods and resilience capacity and that affects their long-term food security. Disease outbreaks which reduce the availability of live animals and livestock products can reduce household income, undermine the diets of household members, impair nutritional status and increase risks to health, especially of women and children. Outbreaks can also impair the wider market availability for those products. Chronic food insecurity also drives risky behaviors related to animals: no one who is well-fed would consider consuming the carcass of an animal that has died of disease. Effects of animal disease extend to people who work in production and processing − including livestock and agri-food workers, transporters, and sellers. One Health concept helps find ways to limit these risks and encourage resilient livelihoods. Zoonotic diseases have serious impacts on food safety and security; however, Tanzania does not have a 7 6 Through a natural selection mechanism, treatment of diseases by antimicrobials, microorganisms slowly adapt to them and gradually require more and more of it until they become completely resistant to an antimicrobial that was originally very effective. This problem has been developing for the past five decades and now it is going to endanger our ability to take care of patients in health care systems thereby leading to epidemics of once treatable diseases with resistant microorganisms. The AMR problem will also endanger our ability to sustain food supply and our ability to enhance national development. Taken together, antimicrobial resistance is a major wicked problem. AMR has therefore been designated as a complex or wicked health problem because its causes are complex, and its solution is complex. However, the debate about antibiotic use in agriculture remains complicated by its relation to other scientific, political, and economic issues. Despite development of novel drugs to replace resistant ones, AMR is spreading faster than the introduction of new compounds into clinical practice, causing a public health crisis. The most unfortunate phenomenon about causes of AMR is where humans consume animal and plant products which have been contaminated with antimicrobials either intentionally through treatment or accidentally through feeds and environmental contamination. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics is facilitated in many places by their availability over the counter and without prescription, but even where this is not the case prescribing practices vary hugely between (and often within) countries. Such issues are only made worse by large quantities of counterfeit and sub-standard antimicrobials permeating the pharmaceutical markets in some regions. In some places in Africa antimicrobials are sold in streets and open markets further perpetuating the problem of AMR. The use of antibiotics in agriculture is routinely described as a major contributor to the clinical problem of resistant disease in human medicine. Chickens, eggs, meat and milk products we take are often having small doses of antimicrobials which inevitably could cause resistance in humans. This is a very frightening situation since most of us consume these animal products with little or no knowledge of its health implications. It is obvious that livestock keepers cannot follow the rules or regulations which force them into curling of animals or discarding animal products during withdrawal periods because they affect their economic livelihoods. In addressing this complexity, the Government of Tanzania has adopted the Agenda of the 68th World Health Assembly of May 2015, which adopted the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance and urged Member States to develop National Action Plans for AMR using a “One Health Approach” as a way to address this and other complex problems. The National action plan outlined the key strategic objectives, interventions, and activities to slow the development and spread of AMR and improve patient outcome. The objectives of the NAP are to: Improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance through effective communication, education and training; Strengthen the knowledge and evidence base through surveillance and research; reduce the incidence of infection through effective sanitation, hygiene and infection prevention measures; Optimize the use of antimicrobial medicines in human and animal health; develop the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account of the needs of all countries and to increase investment in new medicines, diagnostic tools, vaccines and other interventions. 1.5.3 Biosafety and biosecurity threats Biosafety refers to the safety measures put in place to prevent people from unintentional exposure to infectious microorganisms and toxins, (or simply preventing people from pathogens); whereas Biosecurity refers to security measures designed to prevent the loss, theft, misuse, diversion, or intentional release of highly infectious microorganisms and toxins (or simply preventing pathogens from bad people). On the other hand, Biorisk Management refers to the system or processes put in place to control Biosafety and Biosecurity risks associated with handling or storage and disposal of infectious microorganisms or toxins in human, animal and environmental health services. The demand for implementing Bio risk Management is increasing day by day due to increasing biosafety and biosecurity risks (bio risks) associated with episodes of emerging and re-emerging diseases, affecting humans, animals and plants causing significant health and economic impact in the country. Bio risks associated with Rift Valley Fever outbreaks in East Africa (2006-2007), Acute Aflatoxin poisoning (2016); and the current COVID-19 global pandemic (2019) are just a few examples of bio risks affecting humans, animals and plants), all of which could constitute complex health problems. Additionally, increased human, domestic animals, wildlife, and environment interactions collectively increase the frequency of such health and economic challenges. Furthermore, the increasing global population especially in developing countries, increased global travel and transportation, and urbanization, have been associated with increased risks of disease outbreaks, bioterrorism and other health emergencies that are mostly life threatening. Thus, joint efforts of human, animal, and environmental experts as well as well-organized multisectoral coordination mechanisms through One Health approach is of paramount importance and could provide solutions to these complex problems. Therefore, incorporating Biosafety and Biosecurity activities in the National One Health Strategic Plan (OHSP) will help to scale up implementation of Bio risk Management and improve the safety and security of the country. 1.5.4 Food safety threats Disease outbreaks in livestock not only put at risk their immediate food source, but it also puts at risk their livelihoods and resilience capacity and that affects their long-term food security. Disease outbreaks which reduce the availability of live animals and livestock products can reduce household income, undermine the diets of household members, impair nutritional status and increase risks to health, especially of women and children. Outbreaks can also impair the wider market availability for those products. Chronic food insecurity also drives risky behaviors related to animals: no one who is well-fed would consider consuming the carcass of an animal that has died of disease. Effects of animal disease extend to people who work in production and processing − including livestock and agri-food workers, transporters, and sellers. One Health concept helps find ways to limit these risks and encourage resilient livelihoods. Zoonotic diseases have serious impacts on food safety and security; however, Tanzania does not have a 8 single agency responsible for food safety. Food safety control is characterized by a multi- agency system whereby food safety and quality infrastructure are shared between several ministries and departments. Food safety is also linked to AMR where animal feeds may have sub-optimal antibiotic levels and food animals and the environment may contain antibiotic residues which may later cause AMR. There is a need to develop and enhance regulations, standards, and coordination mechanisms for food safety, to properly ensure their implementation to efficiently manage chemical, radiation and microbiological contamination. The laws and regulations along with their implementation need strengthening. 1.5.5 Environmental health threats Environmental health is concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health. On the other hand, environmental protection is concerned with protecting the natural environment for the benefit of human health and the ecosystem. Environment and factors associated with it are other parts of the cause of many epidemic diseases both in the developed and developing nations. In Tanzania, environmental health problems arise from population pressure on housing, poor environmental sanitation, coupled with lack of safe water and basic housing facilities. Despite the deplorable state of environmental health (lack of safe water, bad housing conditions, and so on), there is no reliable and timely means of surveillance or any monitoring system. Analysis of Household Budget Survey (HBS) indicates 26.4 percent of populations of Tanzania in 2017/18 live in poverty which means they do not have adequate capacity to access basic amenities such as food, safe water, sanitation and proper hygiene with resultant increased susceptibility to water-borne infections. Thus, there is an urgent need to invest more in environmental health and ensure every Tanzanian has access to portable water, proper waste disposal mechanisms and proper environmental sanitation. This would go a long way in preventing spread of diseases. 1.5.6 Climate change health threats Climate variability is associated with the geographical distribution and reproduction of vectors responsible for a number of diseases. Diseases at the human-animal ecosystem interface (e.g., zoonotic diseases, water/food borne diseases, vector borne diseases) continue to pose threats to humans and animals with increasingly significant morbidity and mortality Outbreaks of vector borne diseases that are known to be influenced by climate variability include malaria, dengue, rift valley fever, yellow fever and trypanosomiasis. For example, Rift valley fever is usually triggered by sustained heavy rains. On the other hand, warmer climate, frequency of flooding and drought would increase water borne diseases like typhoid and cholera. The spread and outbreak of cholera are concomitant with the climate prediction in the country. Studies show significant relationship between temperature and the incidence of cholera in the country. It is 9 predicted that for a 1-degree Celsius temperature increase the initial relative risk of cholera increases by 15 to 29%1. Despite the presence of linkage between climate change and climate sensitive diseases in the country, there is no system to track down prevalence of such diseases despite the presence of health information management system. Development of One Health could help to alert about the disease incidences and outbreaks and thus planning to respond timely. 1.5.7 Other emerging and re-emerging health threats Apart from the Emerging Pandemic Threats drivers listed above, the Tanzanian population faces several other public health risks such as foodborne infections like aflatoxicosis, cholera and bovine tuberculosis. Aflatoxicosis, is a clear example of health risks that can be attributed to consumption of contaminated foods. Indeed, one of the most common ways by which plant diseases can affect humans is through secretion of toxic metabolites such as mycotoxins by fungi infecting plant products. Although the fungi producing these mycotoxins infect plants but not humans, the mycotoxins often have adverse impacts on human and animal health. Aflatoxins are one of the most common and serious groups (types = B1, B2, G1 and G2), which are produced by some Aspergillus species. Aflatoxin B1 is one of the most serious mycotoxins because it is lethal at high doses and is carcinogenic to humans at low doses and can result in reduced liver function, vomiting and abdominal pain. Annual deaths in some parts of Africa due to effects of aflatoxin have been reported to reach 250,000. Cholera is also an important human health risk in Tanzania, and this is because of the periodic outbreaks that the country has witnessed. The main attributing factors to the outbreak being: floods inadequate clean and safe water; poor sanitation; unhygienic conditions and low level of education/awareness of the community on disease and its risk factors. In Africa, crop diseases have serious impacts on social well-being as they can be a cause of abject poverty that is linked to food and nutritional insecurity. Poor drying and storage of grains and other food staff is the underlying cause and a food safety risk for lethal toxins to both human and animals.-On the other hand, the 2011 E. coli 0157 outbreak in Europe and those in Japan in 1996 and in Canada in 2000 also point to the possibility of experiencing similar cases in Tanzania, albeit with possibly no explosive dimensions. Reports of the presence of E. coli 0157 in animals [Lupindu, 2014] and humans [Erb et al., 2018] in Tanzania therefore demonstrates this possibility, that may be linked to consumption of vegetables and fruits contaminated by manure or sewerage. 1 Demographic Health Survey 2010 and 2015. Ministry of Health. Dar es Salaam 9 8 single agency responsible for food safety. Food safety control is characterized by a multi- agency system whereby food safety and quality infrastructure are shared between several ministries and departments. Food safety is also linked to AMR where animal feeds may have sub-optimal antibiotic levels and food animals and the environment may contain antibiotic residues which may later cause AMR. There is a need to develop and enhance regulations, standards, and coordination mechanisms for food safety, to properly ensure their implementation to efficiently manage chemical, radiation and microbiological contamination. The laws and regulations along with their implementation need strengthening. 1.5.5 Environmental health threats Environmental health is concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health. On the other hand, environmental protection is concerned with protecting the natural environment for the benefit of human health and the ecosystem. Environment and factors associated with it are other parts of the cause of many epidemic diseases both in the developed and developing nations. In Tanzania, environmental health problems arise from population pressure on housing, poor environmental sanitation, coupled with lack of safe water and basic housing facilities. Despite the deplorable state of environmental health (lack of safe water, bad housing conditions, and so on), there is no reliable and timely means of surveillance or any monitoring system. Analysis of Household Budget Survey (HBS) indicates 26.4 percent of populations of Tanzania in 2017/18 live in poverty which means they do not have adequate capacity to access basic amenities such as food, safe water, sanitation and proper hygiene with resultant increased susceptibility to water-borne infections. Thus, there is an urgent need to invest more in environmental health and ensure every Tanzanian has access to portable water, proper waste disposal mechanisms and proper environmental sanitation. This would go a long way in preventing spread of diseases. 1.5.6 Climate change health threats Climate variability is associated with the geographical distribution and reproduction of vectors responsible for a number of diseases. Diseases at the human-animal ecosystem interface (e.g., zoonotic diseases, water/food borne diseases, vector borne diseases) continue to pose threats to humans and animals with increasingly significant morbidity and mortality Outbreaks of vector borne diseases that are known to be influenced by climate variability include malaria, dengue, rift valley fever, yellow fever and trypanosomiasis. For example, Rift valley fever is usually triggered by sustained heavy rains. On the other hand, warmer climate, frequency of flooding and drought would increase water borne diseases like typhoid and cholera. The spread and outbreak of cholera are concomitant with the climate prediction in the country. Studies show significant relationship between temperature and the incidence of cholera in the country. It is 9 predicted that for a 1-degree Celsius temperature increase the initial relative risk of cholera increases by 15 to 29%1. Despite the presence of linkage between climate change and climate sensitive diseases in the country, there is no system to track down prevalence of such diseases despite the presence of health information management system. Development of One Health could help to alert about the disease incidences and outbreaks and thus planning to respond timely. 1.5.7 Other emerging and re-emerging health threats Apart from the Emerging Pandemic Threats drivers listed above, the Tanzanian population faces several other public health risks such as foodborne infections like aflatoxicosis, cholera and bovine tuberculosis. Aflatoxicosis, is a clear example of health risks that can be attributed to consumption of contaminated foods. Indeed, one of the most common ways by which plant diseases can affect humans is through secretion of toxic metabolites such as mycotoxins by fungi infecting plant products. Although the fungi producing these mycotoxins infect plants but not humans, the mycotoxins often have adverse impacts on human and animal health. Aflatoxins are one of the most common and serious groups (types = B1, B2, G1 and G2), which are produced by some Aspergillus species. Aflatoxin B1 is one of the most serious mycotoxins because it is lethal at high doses and is carcinogenic to humans at low doses and can result in reduced liver function, vomiting and abdominal pain. Annual deaths in some parts of Africa due to effects of aflatoxin have been reported to reach 250,000. Cholera is also an important human health risk in Tanzania, and this is because of the periodic outbreaks that the country has witnessed. The main attributing factors to the outbreak being: floods inadequate clean and safe water; poor sanitation; unhygienic conditions and low level of education/awareness of the community on disease and its risk factors. In Africa, crop diseases have serious impacts on social well-being as they can be a cause of abject poverty that is linked to food and nutritional insecurity. Poor drying and storage of grains and other food staff is the underlying cause and a food safety risk for lethal toxins to both human and animals.-On the other hand, the 2011 E. coli 0157 outbreak in Europe and those in Japan in 1996 and in Canada in 2000 also point to the possibility of experiencing similar cases in Tanzania, albeit with possibly no explosive dimensions. Reports of the presence of E. coli 0157 in animals [Lupindu, 2014] and humans [Erb et al., 2018] in Tanzania therefore demonstrates this possibility, that may be linked to consumption of vegetables and fruits contaminated by manure or sewerage. 1 Demographic Health Survey 2010 and 2015. Ministry of Health. Dar es Salaam 10 In Tanzania, the mining sector is an upcoming economic activity, which has resulted in emergence of uncontrolled and unregulated small mining activities. These activities have, at times, been associated with gross contamination of water sources and even grazing areas that has been experienced in some parts of Tanzania, which may pose serious health risks to humans and animals, including aquatic resources. Similarly, contamination of the environment by industrial wastes in urban areas also poses dangers to human and ecosystem health. Consequently, the control of these diseases requires a multi-sectoral approach that encompasses the human, animal, and environmental health sectors, as well as water, engineering/construction; and education. 11 1.6 One health approach The approach is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) as a strategy for promoting the collective effort of several disciplines, working locally, nationally and internationally, to attain good health for people, animals and the environment. Priority public health challenges that are addressed using the One Health Approach include: emerging and re-emerging zoonotic and infectious diseases of epidemic and pandemic potential, antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollutants, food safety threats and other complex health problems. One Health Approach is a strategy that World Health Organization (WHO) member states are obligated to observe being part of the implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 established for the purpose of improving the detection and reporting of potential public health emergencies worldwide. IHR 2005 provides a guiding framework for surveillance, preparedness and response to public health events of international concern, including zoonoses within the auspices of Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) initiative. Recently 2022, the quadripartite (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) launched the One Health Joint Plan of Action, developed through a participatory process, that provides a set of activities that aim to strengthen collaboration, communication, capacity building, and coordination across all sectors responsible for addressing health concerns at the human-animal-plant- environment interface. In 2006, Regional Committee for Africa (Organization's decision-making body on health policy in the African Region) through Resolution AFR/RC56/R2 called for the implementation of the IHR (2005) in the context of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) in Africa. 1.6.1 One Health Approach in Tanzania Being a member of WHO and Regional Committee for Africa, Tanzania was obligated to observe IHR 2005 in compliance with its international commitments. The Tanzanian determination to adopt the One Health (OH) approach came about after the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) outbreak of in 2007. The devastating effects of RVF on human and animal health, as well as on the economy, prompted the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) to coordinate response which was implemented jointly by the ministry responsible for public health and social welfare and the ministry responsible for livestock. The enhanced cross - sectoral communication during the outbreak led to the effective handling of the response. After the RVF outbreak, Tanzania authorities worked to institutionalize OH approach in order to facilitate the coordination of appropriate interventions that would either prevent future outbreaks or reduce the burden of diseases to humans. This decision led to the establishment of One Health Coordination Desk (OHCD) under the Disaster 11 10 In Tanzania, the mining sector is an upcoming economic activity, which has resulted in emergence of uncontrolled and unregulated small mining activities. These activities have, at times, been associated with gross contamination of water sources and even grazing areas that has been experienced in some parts of Tanzania, which may pose serious health risks to humans and animals, including aquatic resources. Similarly, contamination of the environment by industrial wastes in urban areas also poses dangers to human and ecosystem health. Consequently, the control of these diseases requires a multi-sectoral approach that encompasses the human, animal, and environmental health sectors, as well as water, engineering/construction; and education. 1.6 One health approach The approach is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) as a strategy for promoting the collective effort of several disciplines, working locally, nationally and internationally, to attain good health for people, animals and the environment. Priority public health challenges that are addressed using the One Health Approach include: emerging and re-emerging zoonotic and infectious diseases of epidemic and pandemic potential, antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollutants, food safety threats and other complex health problems. One Health Approach is a strategy that World Health Organization (WHO) member states are obligated to observe being part of the implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 established for the purpose of improving the detection and reporting of potential public health emergencies worldwide. IHR 2005 provides a guiding framework for surveillance, preparedness and response to public health events of international concern, including zoonoses within the auspices of Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) initiative. Recently 2022, the quadripartite (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) launched the One Health Joint Plan of Action, developed through a participatory process, that provides a set of activities that aim to strengthen collaboration, communication, capacity building, and coordination across all sectors responsible for addressing health concerns at the human-animal-plant- environment interface. In 2006, Regional Committee for Africa (Organization's decision-making body on health policy in the African Region) through Resolution AFR/RC56/R2 called for the implementation of the IHR (2005) in the context of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) in Africa. 1.6.1 One Health Approach in Tanzania Being a member of WHO and Regional Committee for Africa, Tanzania was obligated to observe IHR 2005 in compliance with its international commitments. The Tanzanian determination to adopt the One Health (OH) approach came about after the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) outbreak of in 2007. The devastating effects of RVF on human and animal health, as well as on the economy, prompted the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) to coordinate response which was implemented jointly by the ministry responsible for public health and social welfare and the ministry responsible for livestock. The enhanced cross - sectoral communication during the outbreak led to the effective handling of the response. After the RVF outbreak, Tanzania authorities worked to institutionalize OH approach in order to facilitate the coordination of appropriate interventions that would either prevent future outbreaks or reduce the burden of diseases to humans. This decision led to the establishment of One Health Coordination Desk (OHCD) under the Disaster 12 12 Management Division in Prime Minister’s Office in 2018 and development of One Health Strategic Plan for 2015–2020. OHCD was mandated to coordinate activities of technical working groups (training, advocacy and communication; preparedness and response; research and development; surveillance and a national multisectoral one health technical committee comprised of directors from core oh sector ministries (human health, animal health (livestock and wildlife), and the environment) in order to enable appropriate interventions and information sharing across health sectors to minimize outbreaks and save lives. 1.6.2 One health coordination The Disaster Management Act, No. 6 of 2022 mandates the Prime Minister’s Office, Disaster Management Division (DMD), through One Health Section the role of coordination of One Health activities in Tanzania. The OH Section facilitate efficient inter- sectoral, multi-disciplinary collaboration and communication between various key players, for proper prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreaks related to human, animal (wildlife and livestock) and environmental health , biorisk management, AMR, food safety and security, (re) emerging health issues, non- communicable diseases and other events of public health concern. It coordinates an interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral and multi-disciplinary approach to disease surveillance, monitoring, prevention, control and mitigation of endemic and emerging diseases and other public health threats. It also coordinates the roles of various stakeholders of OH such as line ministries, private sectors, International and Local NGOs, Academic and Research Institutions (ARI), CBOs, FBOs and the media. One Health coordination structure is aligned with the Disaster Risk Management Framework at all levels as outlined in the Disaster Management Act No.6, 2022. One Health Multisectoral Technical Committees at regional, district, ward and village/street levels which implement OH related functions. The act provides for establishment of One Health Multisectoral Technical Committee at regional, district, ward and village/street levels which implement OH related functions. At the national level there will be Multi- Technical Working Groups organized to address six thematic areas namely (i) Training and Education (ii) Awareness, Advocacy and Communication, (iii) Preparedness and Response, (iv) Research and Development (v) Surveillance Prevention and Control and (vi) Coordination. One Health Section serves as the secretariat to the National Disaster Risk Management Technical Committee for all issues related to the threats of hazards that endanger the health of the community and provide guidance to mobilize resources for prevention, preparedness, response and mitigation to all public health threats. 13 2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS This chapter highlights a systematic performance evaluation of One Health Approach operations. It assesses current and future strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges, and also internal and external forces that may influence performance and choice of strategies. 2.1 Implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 World Health Organization Member States use IHR 2005 to govern surveillance of public health emergencies of international concern. These guidelines were enacted in 2005 and came into force on 15 June 2007 and are legally binding. In 2006, the Regional Committee for Africa through Resolution AFR/RC56/R2 called for the implementation of the IHR (2005) in the context of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR). Successful implementation of IHR 2005 requires the fulfilment of 8 core capacities including legislation, policy and coordination, surveillance, preparedness, response, risk communications, laboratory and human resources for all levels including Point of Entries, as well as Potential hazards (zoonotic events). IHR core capacity development in zoonotic events according to capability levels is as follows: Capability Level 1: Foundation (a) Coordination exists within the responsible government authority (ies) on the detection of, and response to zoonotic events. (b) List of priority zoonotic diseases with case definitions available. (c) A regularly updated roster (list) of experts that can respond to zoonotic events is available. Capability Level 2: Inputs and processes (a) National policy, strategy or plan for the surveillance and response to zoonotic events are in place. (b) Focal point(s) responsible for animal health (including wildlife) designated for coordination with the Ministry of Health and compliance with IHR 2005 (c) Systematic and timely collection and collation of zoonotic disease data is done. (d) Access to laboratory capacity, nationally or internationally (through established procedures) to confirm priority zoonotic events is available. (e) A mechanism for response to outbreaks of zoonotic diseases by human and animal health sectors is established. Capability Level 3: Outputs and outcomes (a) Functional mechanisms for inter-sectoral collaborations that include animal and human health surveillance units and laboratories are established. (b) Zoonotic disease surveillance that includes a community component is implemented. 13 12 Management Division in Prime Minister’s Office in 2018 and development of One Health Strategic Plan for 2015–2020. OHCD was mandated to coordinate activities of technical working groups (training, advocacy and communication; preparedness and response; research and development; surveillance and a national multisectoral one health technical committee comprised of directors from core oh sector ministries (human health, animal health (livestock and wildlife), and the environment) in order to enable appropriate interventions and information sharing across health sectors to minimize outbreaks and save lives. 1.6.2 One health coordination The Disaster Management Act, No. 6 of 2022 mandates the Prime Minister’s Office, Disaster Management Division (DMD), through One Health Section the role of coordination of One Health activities in Tanzania. The OH Section facilitate efficient inter- sectoral, multi-disciplinary collaboration and communication between various key players, for proper prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreaks related to human, animal (wildlife and livestock) and environmental health , biorisk management, AMR, food safety and security, (re) emerging health issues, non- communicable diseases and other events of public health concern. It coordinates an interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral and multi-disciplinary approach to disease surveillance, monitoring, prevention, control and mitigation of endemic and emerging diseases and other public health threats. It also coordinates the roles of various stakeholders of OH such as line ministries, private sectors, International and Local NGOs, Academic and Research Institutions (ARI), CBOs, FBOs and the media. One Health coordination structure is aligned with the Disaster Risk Management Framework at all levels as outlined in the Disaster Management Act No.6, 2022. One Health Multisectoral Technical Committees at regional, district, ward and village/street levels which implement OH related functions. The act provides for establishment of One Health Multisectoral Technical Committee at regional, district, ward and village/street levels which implement OH related functions. At the national level there will be Multi- Technical Working Groups organized to address six thematic areas namely (i) Training and Education (ii) Awareness, Advocacy and Communication, (iii) Preparedness and Response, (iv) Research and Development (v) Surveillance Prevention and Control and (vi) Coordination. One Health Section serves as the secretariat to the National Disaster Risk Management Technical Committee for all issues related to the threats of hazards that endanger the health of the community and provide guidance to mobilize resources for prevention, preparedness, response and mitigation to all public health threats. 13 2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS This chapter highlights a systematic performance evaluation of One Health Approach operations. It assesses current and future strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges, and also internal and external forces that may influence performance and choice of strategies. 2.1 Implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 World Health Organization Member States use IHR 2005 to govern surveillance of public health emergencies of international concern. These guidelines were enacted in 2005 and came into force on 15 June 2007 and are legally binding. In 2006, the Regional Committee for Africa through Resolution AFR/RC56/R2 called for the implementation of the IHR (2005) in the context of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR). Successful implementation of IHR 2005 requires the fulfilment of 8 core capacities including legislation, policy and coordination, surveillance, preparedness, response, risk communications, laboratory and human resources for all levels including Point of Entries, as well as Potential hazards (zoonotic events). IHR core capacity development in zoonotic events according to capability levels is as follows: Capability Level 1: Foundation (a) Coordination exists within the responsible government authority (ies) on the detection of, and response to zoonotic events. (b) List of priority zoonotic diseases with case definitions available. (c) A regularly updated roster (list) of experts that can respond to zoonotic events is available. Capability Level 2: Inputs and processes (a) National policy, strategy or plan for the surveillance and response to zoonotic events are in place. (b) Focal point(s) responsible for animal health (including wildlife) designated for coordination with the Ministry of Health and compliance with IHR 2005 (c) Systematic and timely collection and collation of zoonotic disease data is done. (d) Access to laboratory capacity, nationally or internationally (through established procedures) to confirm priority zoonotic events is available. (e) A mechanism for response to outbreaks of zoonotic diseases by human and animal health sectors is established. Capability Level 3: Outputs and outcomes (a) Functional mechanisms for inter-sectoral collaborations that include animal and human health surveillance units and laboratories are established. (b) Zoonotic disease surveillance that includes a community component is implemented. 1414 (c) Timely and systematic information exchange between animal surveillance units, human health surveillance units and other relevant sectors regarding potential zoonotic risks and urgent zoonotic events. (d) Timely response to more than 80% of zoonotic events of potential national and international concern. Capability Level 4: Additional achievements Country experiences and findings related to zoonotic risks and events of potential national and international concern have been shared with the global community 2.2 Evaluation and improvement of health systems The WHO-JEE is a systematic tool used to evaluate their capacity in prevent, detect and respond to public health threats. Tanzania was the first country to undertake JEE evaluation in 2016 where the country capacities in 19 technical areas were assessed. The findings demonstrated that although there has been significant progress, gaps still existed in key core capacities to prevent, detect and respond to public health emergencies. Following that NAPHS was developed 2017-2021 to address the gaps identified during JEE evaluation. In 2015 Tanzania join the GHSA initiative which aims to contribute in addressing health security issues at the global level as well as accelerated IHR implementation in the country. In order to achieve the sustainable improvement of national Veterinary Services’ compliance with OIE standards, in particular on the quality of Veterinary Services, the OIE has developed the Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS) Pathway, which is composed of different tools to assist countries to objectively assess and address the main weaknesses of their Veterinary Services. Tanzania conducted OIE -PVS gap analysis in 2009 and PVS evaluation follow up mission in 2016 which identified gaps in performance of veterinary services. In 2019 IHR-PVS bridging workshop were conducted to analyze and improve collaboration between the sectors in the prevention, detection and response to zoonotic diseases and other health events at the animal- human interface. 2.3 Regulatory framework One Health Strategic Plan has been formulated based on the policy and legal authority according to the National Disaster Management Policy of 2004 and Disaster Management Act, Cap No. 242 which prescribes the overall goal to operationalize an effective and efficient disaster management system that will minimize risks of loss of life, property and environment in Tanzania. The Act sets institution framework for DRM from national to village level with mandates on one health issues. There are a number of legislations and regulations guiding One Health Approach in Tanzania. These include: - (a) National Health Policy, 2007: The National Health Policy provides direction towards improvement and sustainability of the health status of all the people, by reducing disability, morbidity and mortality, improving nutritional status and raising life expectancy. 15 (b) National Livestock Policy of 2006: The policy gives provision for control of zoonotic diseases in view of safeguarding the public health Tanzania. (c) National Action Plan for Health Security 2017- 2021: Overarching plan which provides the measures and interventions to be implemented in line with IHR. (d) The Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute Act. CAP. 260: addresses issues of wildlife disease outbreaks which have effects on wild animals, livestock and human being. (e) The National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2017 – 2022: The National Action Plan addresses actions needed to be taken in order to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the country. It is obligatory to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance and promote behavioral change through public communication programmes that targets human, animal and plant health. Inclusion of the use of antimicrobial agents and resistance in school curricula will further promote better understanding and awareness from an early age. (f) All Hazards Health Emergency, Preparedness and Response Plan, 2016: The plan intends to respond to all aspects of emergency response operations at all levels and planning and organizing response to emergency events of different nature. (g) Health sector Strategic Plan (2021 -2027): The strategy recognizes that achievements in the health sector cannot be reached and sustained without participation of central Ministries, Ministry of Finance and planning and President Office Public Service Management and good governance and other sectoral Ministries including but not limited to those responsible for water, agriculture, livestock fisheries, infrastructure ICT and other that have impact in health sector. Cross sector collaboration will be enhanced under the guidance of PMO to ensure that the health in all policies approach is effectively implemented. (h) National eHealth Strategy 2013: the strategy recognizes the potential of information and communication technology (ICT) it can offer in transforming healthcare delivery by enabling information access and supporting healthcare operations, management, and decision making. (i) Animal Disease Act.CAP.156: make provision for certification, animal disease outbreak investigation, control, notification and compensation. (j) Veterinary Act. CAP. 319: This Act provided for the registration of veterinarians, enrolment or enlistment of Paraprofessionals and Paraprofessional Assistants, and for the establishment of the Veterinary Council and for matters incidental or connected thereto. (k) Public Health Act, 2009: The Act provides the promotion preservation and maintenance of public health with a view to ensuring the provision of comprehensive functional and sustainable public health services to the general public. It serves for controlling diseases including zoonoses, Act provide provision guiding outbreak notification and investigation. 1514 (c) Timely and systematic information exchange between animal surveillance units, human health surveillance units and other relevant sectors regarding potential zoonotic risks and urgent zoonotic events. (d) Timely response to more than 80% of zoonotic events of potential national and international concern. Capability Level 4: Additional achievements Country experiences and findings related to zoonotic risks and events of potential national and international concern have been shared with the global community 2.2 Evaluation and improvement of health systems The WHO-JEE is a systematic tool used to evaluate their capacity in prevent, detect and respond to public health threats. Tanzania was the first country to undertake JEE evaluation in 2016 where the country capacities in 19 technical areas were assessed. The findings demonstrated that although there has been significant progress, gaps still existed in key core capacities to prevent, detect and respond to public health emergencies. Following that NAPHS was developed 2017-2021 to address the gaps identified during JEE evaluation. In 2015 Tanzania join the GHSA initiative which aims to contribute in addressing health security issues at the global level as well as accelerated IHR implementation in the country. In order to achieve the sustainable improvement of national Veterinary Services’ compliance with OIE standards, in particular on the quality of Veterinary Services, the OIE has developed the Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS) Pathway, which is composed of different tools to assist countries to objectively assess and address the main weaknesses of their Veterinary Services. Tanzania conducted OIE -PVS gap analysis in 2009 and PVS evaluation follow up mission in 2016 which identified gaps in performance of veterinary services. In 2019 IHR-PVS bridging workshop were conducted to analyze and improve collaboration between the sectors in the prevention, detection and response to zoonotic diseases and other health events at the animal- human interface. 2.3 Regulatory framework One Health Strategic Plan has been formulated based on the policy and legal authority according to the National Disaster Management Policy of 2004 and Disaster Management Act, Cap No. 242 which prescribes the overall goal to operationalize an effective and efficient disaster management system that will minimize risks of loss of life, property and environment in Tanzania. The Act sets institution framework for DRM from national to village level with mandates on one health issues. There are a number of legislations and regulations guiding One Health Approach in Tanzania. These include: - (a) National Health Policy, 2007: The National Health Policy provides direction towards improvement and sustainability of the health status of all the people, by reducing disability, morbidity and mortality, improving nutritional status and raising life expectancy. 15 (b) National Livestock Policy of 2006: The policy gives provision for control of zoonotic diseases in view of safeguarding the public health Tanzania. (c) National Action Plan for Health Security 2017- 2021: Overarching plan which provides the measures and interventions to be implemented in line with IHR. (d) The Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute Act. CAP. 260: addresses issues of wildlife disease outbreaks which have effects on wild animals, livestock and human being. (e) The National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2017 – 2022: The National Action Plan addresses actions needed to be taken in order to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the country. It is obligatory to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance and promote behavioral change through public communication programmes that targets human, animal and plant health. Inclusion of the use of antimicrobial agents and resistance in school curricula will further promote better understanding and awareness from an early age. (f) All Hazards Health Emergency, Preparedness and Response Plan, 2016: The plan intends to respond to all aspects of emergency response operations at all levels and planning and organizing response to emergency events of different nature. (g) Health sector Strategic Plan (2021 -2027): The strategy recognizes that achievements in the health sector cannot be reached and sustained without participation of central Ministries, Ministry of Finance and planning and President Office Public Service Management and good governance and other sectoral Ministries including but not limited to those responsible for water, agriculture, livestock fisheries, infrastructure ICT and other that have impact in health sector. Cross sector collaboration will be enhanced under the guidance of PMO to ensure that the health in all policies approach is effectively implemented. (h) National eHealth Strategy 2013: the strategy recognizes the potential of information and communication technology (ICT) it can offer in transforming healthcare delivery by enabling information access and supporting healthcare operations, management, and decision making. (i) Animal Disease Act.CAP.156: make provision for certification, animal disease outbreak investigation, control, notification and compensation. (j) Veterinary Act. CAP. 319: This Act provided for the registration of veterinarians, enrolment or enlistment of Paraprofessionals and Paraprofessional Assistants, and for the establishment of the Veterinary Council and for matters incidental or connected thereto. (k) Public Health Act, 2009: The Act provides the promotion preservation and maintenance of public health with a view to ensuring the provision of comprehensive functional and sustainable public health services to the general public. It serves for controlling diseases including zoonoses, Act provide provision guiding outbreak notification and investigation. 16 (l) The Atomic Energy Act, Cap. 188: The Act establishes Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission which is the national regulatory body responsible for atomic energy matters in the country. (m) Environmental Management Act, Cap. 191: An Act provides institutional framework for sustainable management of environment; to outline principles for management, impact and risk assessment, prevention and control of pollution, waste management and environmental quality standards. (n) The Fisheries Act Cap. 388: An Act make provision for sustainable development, protection, conservation, aquaculture development, regulation and control of fish, fish products, aquatic flora and its products and for related matters. 2.4 Human, animal and environmental health systems in Tanzania This section summarizes the national structures for key ministries performing One Health activities from the range of national to local level. 2.4.1 Ministry of Health The Ministry of Health (MoH) is implementing a One Health agenda through its policy guideline by a collaborative effort of health science professions together with their related disciplines and institutions working locally, nationally and globally to attain optimal health for people, domestic animals, wildlife, plants, and the environment. The Ministry has developed all hazard emergency preparedness and response plan, establishment of PHEOC which link with the National EOCC for coordination of national emergency disaster response, implementation of the WHO Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system as a channel for disease surveillance from the Community level to National level. The IDSR guidelines include surveillance and response protocols for 33 notifiable diseases reported either immediately or weekly with the aim of timely disease investigation, disease detection, investigation and consequently rapid response. The Ministry has established the Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (TFELTP) to strengthen the epidemiologic and laboratory capacity and training health workers and animal health workers in District & health facilities. Moreover, to strengthen One Health approach AFROHUN in collaboration with the Ministry established training curriculum for on job health care workers and university modules for undergraduate students. 2.4.2 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries In Tanzania mainland the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries is responsible for management of animal health and safeguard the public Health against health hazards of animal origin. The ministry has put in place systems form National, Zonal, Regional, Local Government Authorities, Wards and Village levels to facilitate management of matters concerning animal health such as diseases surveillance, detection, prevention and control. At national level the government has established a Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS) within the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries to manage matters concerning animal health such as diseases surveillance, detection, prevention and 17 control. In addition, there is a veterinary laboratory system maintained by Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA) for laboratory diagnosis of animal diseases, Animal feeds. TVLA also produce veterinary vaccines and perform research in animal diseases. There are other Government veterinary laboratories owned by institutions like SUA, NM-AIST, LITA, TALIRI and TAWIRI. There are 8 Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVC) that operate under DVS and there are 11 zonal TVLA centers countrywide. Disease Surveillance is done by ZVCs and TVLA centres in collaboration with Regional Veterinary Officers (RVO) and District Veterinary Officers (DVO). Disease prevention and control activities at Regional and District levels are supervised by ZVC officers. Regional veterinary Officers (RVO), District Veterinary Officers (DVO) and Ward/ Village livestock field officers are responsible for taking all necessary measures for prevention and control of animal and zoonotic diseases. Partly veterinary services at these levels are rendered by private sector. Outbreak or occurrence of animal diseases in the field is reported by farmer or private animal health service provider to the nearest livestock officer (village or ward livestock field officer). The flow of information is then channeled to District Veterinary Officer (DVO), Regional Veterinary Officer (RVO), Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVC, TVLA centres and finally to the Director of Veterinary Services In the case of notifiable diseases the DVS reports to the PMO, World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), EAC and SADC. Also, DVS gets information of zoonotic disease from the MoH and wildlife diseases from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. The reporting of occurrence and outbreak of disease is done through weekly reports and Event Mobile Application System-(EMA-i) that uses mobile telephone/cell phone 2.4.3 Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism The Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT) is mandated to conduct surveillance of infectious diseases in the wildlife in protected areas of different categories and ecosystems across the country. This is achieved through the Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) and wildlife protected area management namely Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA), Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority (TAWA). Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) is mandated to coordinate and undertake research related to wildlife in Tanzania. According to TAWIRI Act, among others, function 5 requires the institute to conduct research and investigations on wildlife diseases in order to know their causes and propose ways of controlling them. TAWIRI is the lead institution with all technical matters related to wildlife research, health and welfare in Tanzania. TANAPA, NCAA and TAWA are the management authorities responsible for conservation of wildlife – flora, fauna and their associated environments in wildlife protected areas under their jurisdiction. These are managers and custodians of all resources in areas they manage including flora, fauna and their habitats. In fulfilment of their responsibility, these institutions work in close collaboration among themselves and communities surrounding protected areas concerned. Therefore, TAWIRI, TANAPA, NCAA, TAWA in cooperation with the communities surrounding different wildlife protected areas for 17 16 (l) The Atomic Energy Act, Cap. 188: The Act establishes Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission which is the national regulatory body responsible for atomic energy matters in the country. (m)Environmental Management Act, Cap. 191: An Act provides institutional framework for sustainable management of environment; to outline principles for management, impact and risk assessment, prevention and control of pollution, waste management and environmental quality standards. (n) The Fisheries Act Cap. 388: An Act make provision for sustainable development, protection, conservation, aquaculture development, regulation and control of fish, fish products, aquatic flora and its products and for related matters. 2.4 Human, animal and environmental health systems in Tanzania This section summarizes the national structures for key ministries performing One Health activities from the range of national to local level. 2.4.1 Ministry of Health The Ministry of Health (MoH) is implementing a One Health agenda through its policy guideline by a collaborative effort of health science professions together with their related disciplines and institutions working locally, nationally and globally to attain optimal health for people, domestic animals, wildlife, plants, and the environment. The Ministry has developed all hazard emergency preparedness and response plan, establishment of PHEOC which link with the National EOCC for coordination of national emergency disaster response, implementation of the WHO Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system as a channel for disease surveillance from the Community level to National level. The IDSR guidelines include surveillance and response protocols for 33 notifiable diseases reported either immediately or weekly with the aim of timely disease investigation, disease detection, investigation and consequently rapid response. The Ministry has established the Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (TFELTP) to strengthen the epidemiologic and laboratory capacity and training health workers and animal health workers in District & health facilities. Moreover, to strengthen One Health approach AFROHUN in collaboration with the Ministry established training curriculum for on job health care workers and university modules for undergraduate students. 2.4.2 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries In Tanzania mainland the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries is responsible for management of animal health and safeguard the public Health against health hazards of animal origin. The ministry has put in place systems form National, Zonal, Regional, Local Government Authorities, Wards and Village levels to facilitate management of matters concerning animal health such as diseases surveillance, detection, prevention and control. At national level the government has established a Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS) within the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries to manage matters concerning animal health such as diseases surveillance, detection, prevention and control. In addition, there is a veterinary laboratory system maintained by Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA) for laboratory diagnosis of animal diseases, Animal feeds. TVLA also produce veterinary vaccines and perform research in animal diseases. There are other Government veterinary laboratories owned by institutions like SUA, NM-AIST, LITA, TALIRI and TAWIRI. There are 8 Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVC) that operate under DVS and there are 11 zonal TVLA centers countrywide. Disease Surveillance is done by ZVCs and TVLA centres in collaboration with Regional Veterinary Officers (RVO) and District Veterinary Officers (DVO). Disease prevention and control activities at Regional and District levels are supervised by ZVC officers. Regional veterinary Officers (RVO), District Veterinary Officers (DVO) and Ward/ Village livestock field officers are responsible for taking all necessary measures for prevention and control of animal and zoonotic diseases. Partly veterinary services at these levels are rendered by private sector. Outbreak or occurrence of animal diseases in the field is reported by farmer or private animal health service provider to the nearest livestock officer (village or ward livestock field officer). The flow of information is then channeled to District Veterinary Officer (DVO), Regional Veterinary Officer (RVO), Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVC, TVLA centres and finally to the Director of Veterinary Services In the case of notifiable diseases the DVS reports to the PMO, World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), EAC and SADC. Also, DVS gets information of zoonotic disease from the MoH and wildlife diseases from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. The reporting of occurrence and outbreak of disease is done through weekly reports and Event Mobile Application System-(EMA-i) that uses mobile telephone/cell phone 2.4.3 Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism The Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT) is mandated to conduct surveillance of infectious diseases in the wildlife in protected areas of different categories and ecosystems across the country. This is achieved through the Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) and wildlife protected area management namely Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA), Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority (TAWA). Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) is mandated to coordinate and undertake research related to wildlife in Tanzania. According to TAWIRI Act, among others, function 5 requires the institute to conduct research and investigations on wildlife diseases in order to know their causes and propose ways of controlling them. TAWIRI is the lead institution with all technical matters related to wildlife research, health and welfare in Tanzania. TANAPA, NCAA and TAWA are the management authorities responsible for conservation of wildlife – flora, fauna and their associated environments in wildlife protected areas under their jurisdiction. These are managers and custodians of all resources in areas they manage including flora, fauna and their habitats. In fulfilment of their responsibility, these institutions work in close collaboration among themselves and communities surrounding protected areas concerned. Therefore, TAWIRI, TANAPA, NCAA, TAWA in cooperation with the communities surrounding different wildlife protected areas for 18 18 that matter have the duty to lay down strategies for prevention and control of infectious and non-infectious diseases in wildlife. About 38% of the land in this country has been set aside for conservation of wildlife in the form of 22 National Parks, 1 Ngorongoro Conservation Area, 32 Game Reserves, 16 Wildlife Management Areas, 38 Game Controlled Areas and open areas. Also, there are 13 natural forests, 21 forest plantations, long stretch of mangrove forests in the eastern parts of the country along the Indian Ocean Coast (URT, 2021). These areas have diverse landscape and climate that support high diversity of wildlife both flora and fauna. Forests, mountains, savannah bush land, rift valleys, hills, kopjes, wetlands, lakes, rivers, streams and short grass plains on these landscapes offer unique habitats with plenty of basic needs for life (food, shelter and cover) of various wildlife species including big games, small mammals, insects, aquatic life, birdlife and diverse of plants. With such a great diversity, protected areas are also a home to various microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa some of which are responsible for a wide range of diseases of animals and people. 2.5.3.1 Organization structure In investigating wildlife diseases, veterinarians working with different Wildlife Management Authorities namely TANAPA, NCAA and TAWA as well as TAWIRI report to the superiors within the respective institutions through established communication procedures. The wildlife veterinarian reports to the Officer’s in-charge of the protected area and heads of institution(s). Sometimes, they work in collaboration with Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA) and the Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVCs) that are directly under the DVS and the Officer’s in-charge of the ZVCs directly report to the DVS. Therefore, detected wildlife diseases of concern including endemic, emerging, re- emerging and zoonotic diseases from across the country are reported to the Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS) at the Ministry responsible for Livestock. In accordance with the requirements of the Animal Disease Act No. 17 of 2003, the reporting of disease outbreaks of concern is usually fast-tracked to facilitate timely notification of the higher authorities, mobilization of resources and mounting the required responses. 2.5.3.2 Disease surveillance and control systems in wildlife Wild animals are susceptible and succumb to various infectious and non-infectious diseases in a similar way as other living organisms. Different disease causative agents including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, parasites and prions are responsible for various infectious diseases in wild animals. Some of diseases are known to be among the causes for decimation and extinction of wild animal species, specifically those endangered or critically endangered as they associate with high morbidity and severity. Among these are Rinderpest, Anthrax, Canine Distemper, Rabies, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. Also, some wildlife species are known to be reservoirs and intermediate hosts for pathogens from the wild to humans especially those living at the human-wildlife-livestock interfaces. The vice versa is also true, some diseases are transmissible from humans to wild animals in the wild. Depending on the nature of the pathogens and existing favorable factors, the disease may spread far and beyond. For 19 example, disease caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, chikungunya and West Nile viruses (Weaver, 2013). Other diseases include: Anthrax, Brucellosis, bovine Tuberculosis, highly pathogenic Avian Influenza, Rabies, Rift Valley Fever, Trypanosomoses and worm infestation e.g Echnococcosis, Taeniosis, Ascariosis, etc. 2.5.3.3 Laboratory systems All institutions under the MNRT maintain two types of veterinary laboratories. Firstly, the basic field veterinary laboratories that are maintained in a protected area concerned or at one zonal veterinary base, which serves several protected areas. So far, these are basically Biosecurity Level (BSL) 1 laboratories equipped with basic equipment and working tools to cater for sample collection, preliminary processing, diagnosis, temporary storage, packaging and shipping them to advanced laboratories. Ideally, all veterinary laboratories strategically located in the field that belong to TAWIRI, TANAPA and NCAA fall under this category (BSL 1). Secondly, a nearly BSL 2 veterinary laboratory exists at TAWIRI Headquarters in Arusha, acting as a referral to the basic field laboratories (BSL 1). Another BSL 2 veterinary laboratory is in the process of being constructed by TANAPA in Arusha. This laboratory will serve as the central veterinary laboratory for all basic field laboratories in TANAPA system. The BSL 2 veterinary laboratories receive samples from the BSL1 laboratories, process them further, make diagnosis, store samples longer, keep records, packaging and shipment of wildlife samples to advanced veterinary laboratories within and outside the country. All these wildlife veterinary laboratories work in collaboration with TVLA and ZVCs that are strategically located across the country. 2.4.4 Vice President’s Office- Environment One of the responsibilities of the office of the Vice President is the management of the natural environment for the benefit of human health and the ecosystem in general. Environmental management ensures sustainability and equitable use of resources in addressing the basic needs of present and future generation without degrading the environment. Good environment is good for health as it reduces chances of disability, morbidity and mortality, and improves nutritional status and raising life expectancy. It has been studied that is critical in controlling some diseases. Climate change affects water quality, which is the main concern in the health sector as people suffer from water related diseases, such as malaria, diarrhoea, cholera and dengue fever. These are mostly associated with the increased precipitation and temperature as a result of the global climate change. 2.4.5 Ministry of Agriculture In Tanzania main land the Plant Health Services (PHS) under the ministry of Agriculture operates in different levels which include National, Zonal, Regional, District, Ward and Village levels. At National level, Plant Health Assistant Director (AD-PHS) is responsible for all matters concerning plant health such as pests (e.g. Insect pests and diseases) surveillance, 19 18 that matter have the duty to lay down strategies for prevention and control of infectious and non-infectious diseases in wildlife. About 38% of the land in this country has been set aside for conservation of wildlife in the form of 22 National Parks, 1 Ngorongoro Conservation Area, 32 Game Reserves, 16 Wildlife Management Areas, 38 Game Controlled Areas and open areas. Also, there are 13 natural forests, 21 forest plantations, long stretch of mangrove forests in the eastern parts of the country along the Indian Ocean Coast (URT, 2021). These areas have diverse landscape and climate that support high diversity of wildlife both flora and fauna. Forests, mountains, savannah bush land, rift valleys, hills, kopjes, wetlands, lakes, rivers, streams and short grass plains on these landscapes offer unique habitats with plenty of basic needs for life (food, shelter and cover) of various wildlife species including big games, small mammals, insects, aquatic life, birdlife and diverse of plants. With such a great diversity, protected areas are also a home to various microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa some of which are responsible for a wide range of diseases of animals and people. 2.5.3.1 Organization structure In investigating wildlife diseases, veterinarians working with different Wildlife Management Authorities namely TANAPA, NCAA and TAWA as well as TAWIRI report to the superiors within the respective institutions through established communication procedures. The wildlife veterinarian reports to the Officer’s in-charge of the protected area and heads of institution(s). Sometimes, they work in collaboration with Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA) and the Zonal Veterinary Centres (ZVCs) that are directly under the DVS and the Officer’s in-charge of the ZVCs directly report to the DVS. Therefore, detected wildlife diseases of concern including endemic, emerging, re- emerging and zoonotic diseases from across the country are reported to the Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS) at the Ministry responsible for Livestock. In accordance with the requirements of the Animal Disease Act No. 17 of 2003, the reporting of disease outbreaks of concern is usually fast-tracked to facilitate timely notification of the higher authorities, mobilization of resources and mounting the required responses. 2.5.3.2 Disease surveillance and control systems in wildlife Wild animals are susceptible and succumb to various infectious and non-infectious diseases in a similar way as other living organisms. Different disease causative agents including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, parasites and prions are responsible for various infectious diseases in wild animals. Some of diseases are known to be among the causes for decimation and extinction of wild animal species, specifically those endangered or critically endangered as they associate with high morbidity and severity. Among these are Rinderpest, Anthrax, Canine Distemper, Rabies, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. Also, some wildlife species are known to be reservoirs and intermediate hosts for pathogens from the wild to humans especially those living at the human-wildlife-livestock interfaces. The vice versa is also true, some diseases are transmissible from humans to wild animals in the wild. Depending on the nature of the pathogens and existing favorable factors, the disease may spread far and beyond. For 19 example, disease caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, chikungunya and West Nile viruses (Weaver, 2013). Other diseases include: Anthrax, Brucellosis, bovine Tuberculosis, highly pathogenic Avian Influenza, Rabies, Rift Valley Fever, Trypanosomoses and worm infestation e.g Echnococcosis, Taeniosis, Ascariosis, etc. 2.5.3.3 Laboratory systems All institutions under the MNRT maintain two types of veterinary laboratories. Firstly, the basic field veterinary laboratories that are maintained in a protected area concerned or at one zonal veterinary base, which serves several protected areas. So far, these are basically Biosecurity Level (BSL) 1 laboratories equipped with basic equipment and working tools to cater for sample collection, preliminary processing, diagnosis, temporary storage, packaging and shipping them to advanced laboratories. Ideally, all veterinary laboratories strategically located in the field that belong to TAWIRI, TANAPA and NCAA fall under this category (BSL 1). Secondly, a nearly BSL 2 veterinary laboratory exists at TAWIRI Headquarters in Arusha, acting as a referral to the basic field laboratories (BSL 1). Another BSL 2 veterinary laboratory is in the process of being constructed by TANAPA in Arusha. This laboratory will serve as the central veterinary laboratory for all basic field laboratories in TANAPA system. The BSL 2 veterinary laboratories receive samples from the BSL1 laboratories, process them further, make diagnosis, store samples longer, keep records, packaging and shipment of wildlife samples to advanced veterinary laboratories within and outside the country. All these wildlife veterinary laboratories work in collaboration with TVLA and ZVCs that are strategically located across the country. 2.4.4 Vice President’s Office- Environment One of the responsibilities of the office of the Vice President is the management of the natural environment for the benefit of human health and the ecosystem in general. Environmental management ensures sustainability and equitable use of resources in addressing the basic needs of present and future generation without degrading the environment. Good environment is good for health as it reduces chances of disability, morbidity and mortality, and improves nutritional status and raising life expectancy. It has been studied that is critical in controlling some diseases. Climate change affects water quality, which is the main concern in the health sector as people suffer from water related diseases, such as malaria, diarrhoea, cholera and dengue fever. These are mostly associated with the increased precipitation and temperature as a result of the global climate change. 2.4.5 Ministry of Agriculture In Tanzania main land the Plant Health Services (PHS) under the ministry of Agriculture operates in different levels which include National, Zonal, Regional, District, Ward and Village levels. At National level, Plant Health Assistant Director (AD-PHS) is responsible for all matters concerning plant health such as pests (e.g. Insect pests and diseases) surveillance, 2020 pests and disease detection, prevention and control. PHS is there to safeguard human health by managing pest and diseases and the environment; deploy Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies and approaches in order to minimize pre and post-harvest crop losses. There are five PHS zones (Eastern, Central, Southern Highland, Northern and Lake/Western Zones) and three special centres (Rodent control, Bio-control and Kilimo Anga). In-case of a diseases or pests outbreak such as Aflatoxin, Locust and Quelea, Fall Armyworm are reported by Village Extension Workers either to the District Plant Protection Officers (DPPOs) of the respective district / Zonal Plant Health Centres or to the AD-PHS directly for action. Pests prevention and control activities at Regional and District level are supervised by Zonal Plant Health coordinator. The ministry of Agriculture in collaboration with the Ministry responsible for Local Government Authorities (LGAs) at the Regional, District and Ward/village levels work together to take action required for prevention and control of Pests including surveillance, training farmers on pest identification and management through Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Approach. Pests outbreak in the field is reported by farmer to the nearest Village Extension Officer. The flow of the information is then directed to DPPOs, Zonal Coordinator, and finally to AD-PHS at Ministry level. If the pest is in the list of notifiable it is then reported to the International Pests Prevention Convention (IPPC) by National Plant Protection Officer (NPPO). The official report of pest outbreak is done through e-mail/phone Key pests and diseases of economic importance threatening Human, animal and plants in Tanzania include the grain eating birds (Queleaquelea), locust, armyworm, the field rodents. These pests and diseases are declared outbreak pests when they occur in large population densities, covering large tracts of land. Pests or diseases outbreak in the field is reported by farmer to the nearest Village Extension Officer. The flow of the information is then directed to DPPOs, Zonal Coordinator, and finally to AD-PHS at Ministry level. If the pest is in the list of notifiable pests it is then reported to the International Pests Prevention Convention (IPPC) by National Plant Protection Officer (NPPO). The official report of pest outbreak is done through email. 2.4.6 Ministry of Education, Science and Technology The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) is mandated to develop Policies on Education, Research, Library Services, Science, Technology, Innovation, Skills, Training Development and their implementation. It is therefore envisaged that MoEST will oversee education and training institutions in general as well as oversee research activities focusing on cross-cutting health issues which address One Health Approach. The Ministry will also oversee food, nutrition and health services in education institutions. In discharging its roles, MoEST will ensure that children with special needs 21 are identified and provided with rehabilitation services consistent with their needs. To ensure presence of healthy students, MoEST will provide appropriate sexual and reproductive health education to all students including those with special needs. 2.5 Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) A SWOC analysis was carried out to analyze the current internal/external factors (legislation, funding, emerging diseases, and new technologies) in the work environment that may impact implementation of the One Health approach. The results are presented below. 2120 pests and disease detection, prevention and control. PHS is there to safeguard human health by managing pest and diseases and the environment; deploy Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies and approaches in order to minimize pre and post-harvest crop losses. There are five PHS zones (Eastern, Central, Southern Highland, Northern and Lake/Western Zones) and three special centres (Rodent control, Bio-control and Kilimo Anga). In-case of a diseases or pests outbreak such as Aflatoxin, Locust and Quelea, Fall Armyworm are reported by Village Extension Workers either to the District Plant Protection Officers (DPPOs) of the respective district / Zonal Plant Health Centres or to the AD-PHS directly for action. Pests prevention and control activities at Regional and District level are supervised by Zonal Plant Health coordinator. The ministry of Agriculture in collaboration with the Ministry responsible for Local Government Authorities (LGAs) at the Regional, District and Ward/village levels work together to take action required for prevention and control of Pests including surveillance, training farmers on pest identification and management through Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Approach. Pests outbreak in the field is reported by farmer to the nearest Village Extension Officer. The flow of the information is then directed to DPPOs, Zonal Coordinator, and finally to AD-PHS at Ministry level. If the pest is in the list of notifiable it is then reported to the International Pests Prevention Convention (IPPC) by National Plant Protection Officer (NPPO). The official report of pest outbreak is done through e-mail/phone Key pests and diseases of economic importance threatening Human, animal and plants in Tanzania include the grain eating birds (Queleaquelea), locust, armyworm, the field rodents. These pests and diseases are declared outbreak pests when they occur in large population densities, covering large tracts of land. Pests or diseases outbreak in the field is reported by farmer to the nearest Village Extension Officer. The flow of the information is then directed to DPPOs, Zonal Coordinator, and finally to AD-PHS at Ministry level. If the pest is in the list of notifiable pests it is then reported to the International Pests Prevention Convention (IPPC) by National Plant Protection Officer (NPPO). The official report of pest outbreak is done through email. 2.4.6 Ministry of Education, Science and Technology The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) is mandated to develop Policies on Education, Research, Library Services, Science, Technology, Innovation, Skills, Training Development and their implementation. It is therefore envisaged that MoEST will oversee education and training institutions in general as well as oversee research activities focusing on cross-cutting health issues which address One Health Approach. The Ministry will also oversee food, nutrition and health services in education institutions. In discharging its roles, MoEST will ensure that children with special needs 21 are identified and provided with rehabilitation services consistent with their needs. To ensure presence of healthy students, MoEST will provide appropriate sexual and reproductive health education to all students including those with special needs. 2.5 Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) A SWOC analysis was carried out to analyze the current internal/external factors (legislation, funding, emerging diseases, and new technologies) in the work environment that may impact implementation of the One Health approach. The results are presented below. 22 29 T a b le 1 : S tr e n g th s , W e a k n e s s e s , O p p o rt u n it ie s a n d C h a ll e n g e s ( S W O C ) P ill ar 1 : C o o rd in at io n S T R E N G T H W E A K N E S S O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i.E st ab lis hm en t of an in st itu tio na liz ed O H S ii. A va ila bi lit y of tr ai ne d st af f/m an po w er in sp ec ifi c ar ea s iii .A va ila bi lit y of O ne H ea lth te ch ni ca l ex pe rts (m ul tid is ci pl in ar y/ m ul ti- se ct or al ) iv .P ol iti ca l s up po rt th ro ug h th e P M O v. E xi st en ce o f m ul ti- se ct or al c on tin ge nc y pl an s (N at io na l A vi an P an de m ic In flu en za P la ns , R V F co nt in ge nc y pl an , P re pa re dn es s P la n fo r P ub lic H ea lth R is ks a nd E m er ge nc ie s) vi . E xi st en ce o f O ne H ea lth I ni tia tiv es i n di ffe re nt se ct or s - A FR O H U N , S A C ID S , A fri qu e O ne , e tc .) vi i.E xi st en ce of N at io na l Ta sk Fo rc e co m m itt ee s in va rio us se ct or s to re sp on d to pu bl ic he al th ev en ts in cl ud in g zo on ot ic d is ea se s (A M R , I H R et c. ) vi ii. S tro ng in te r- m in is te ria l co op er at io n th ro ug h ne w ly d ev el op ed T W G s ix .E xi st en ce o f pr of es si on al a ss oc ia tio ns su ch a s TV A , T M A , T A B S A , E xi st en ce of p ro fe ss io na l as so ci at io ns s uc h as TV A , T M A , T A B S A i. In ad eq ua te c oo pe ra tio n be tw ee n O H S an d re le va nt s ec to rs ii. Lo w a w ar en es s on b ur de n of z oo no se s, A M R a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth th re at s am on g po lic y m ak er s, p ol iti ci an s an d co m m un ity iii . In ad eq ua te re so ur ce s fo r s up po rti ng th e O H S iv . In ad eq ua te im pl em en ta tio n of N at io na l O ne H ea lth S tra te gi c P la n v. La ck o f O ne H ea lth P ol ic y vi . In ad eq ua te o n- th e- jo b tra in in g. i. E xi st en ce o f Q ua dr ip ar tit e ag re em en t o n im pl em en ta tio n of O H (W H O -O IE -F A O - en vi ro nm en t) ii. E xi st en ce o f r at ifi ed b i ol og ic al w ea po n co nv en tio n (R at ifi ed B W C , C ar ta ge na P ro to co l) iii . E xi st en ce o f p ot en tia l de ve lo pm en t p ar tn er s an d lo ca l s up po rt (F A O , W H O , C D C e tc ) iv . P re se nc e of v ar io us lo ca l O ne H ea lth im pl em en ti n g p a rtn er s i. G lo ba l e co no m ic c ris is ii. P ol iti ca l i ns ta bi lit y am on g ne ig hb ou rin g co un tri es iii . P re se nc e of ( em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng zo on ot ic di se as es su ch as E bo la , C O V ID 1 9 P ill ar 2 - S u rv ei lla n ce , p re ve n ti o n a n d c o n tr o l S T R E N G T H W E A K N E S S O P P O R T U N IT IE S C H A L L E N G E S i. E xi st en ce o f l eg al a nd p ol ic y fra m ew or k ii. E xi st en ce o f s ur ve ill an ce s ys te m s i. La ck o f i nt er -s ec to ra l l ab or at or y sh ar in g po lic y ii. La ck o f N at io na l O ne H ea lth p ol ic y i. P re se nc e of p ot en tia l pa rtn er s to s up po rt di se as e su rv ei lla nc e, i. E m er gi ng a nd re -m er gi ng zo on ot ic d is ea se s 30 iii . E xi st en ce s ur ve ill an ce g ui de lin es iv . (ID S R /IH R (2 00 5) ,E B S ;g ui de lin es fo rs ur ve ill an ce o f p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic di se as es ;A M R S ur ve ill an ce fra m ew or k (2 01 8) v. C on tro ls tra te gi es fo rp rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s vi . E xi st en ce o fc on tin ge nc y pl an fo r so m e di se as es su ch a s R V F C on tin ge nc y P la n, H P A I- H 5N 1, E bo la a nd C O V ID -1 9 vi i. E xi st en ce o fl ab or at or y in fra st ru ct ur e w ith q ua lif ie d w or kf or ce vi ii. W el lt ra in ed an d ca pa bl e st af fa t N at io na la nd s ub na tio na l le ve ls ix . G oo d co m m un ic at io n in fra st ru ct ur e x. IC T ex is ts w hi ch s up po rts re po rti ng vi a m ob ile xi . E xi st en ce o fv ar io us s ur ve ill an ce to ol s xi i. E xi st en ce o fN at io na lC om m itt ee s an d ta sk fo rc es fo r I H R , A M R xi ii. E xi st en ce of pr iv at e se ct or w hi ch su pp or ts ur ve ill an ce iii . In ad eq ua te c oo rd in at io n, co lla bo ra tio n, an d co m m un ic at io n be tw ee n se ct or s iv . In ad eq ua te la bo ra to ry c ap ac ity a t su bn at io na ll ev el th ro ug ho ut th e di ffe re nt s ec to rs (h ea lth , l iv es to ck , w ild lif e) v. In ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce c ap ac ity a t su bn at io na ll ev el s vi . Lo w e ng ag em en ta nd pa rti ci pa tio n of co m m un ity in s ur ve ill an ce a nd re po rti ng vi i. In ad eq ua te s ha rin g of su rv ei lla nc e da ta ac ro ss s ec to rs vi ii. In ad eq ua te s ur ve ill an ce d at a fe ed ba ck (b et w ee n se ct or s an d fa rm er s/ liv es to ck ke ep er s) ix . In ad eq ua te c ap ac ity fo rs ur ve ill an ce da ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is an d in te rp re ta tio n x. In ad eq ua te i m pl em en ta tio n of in te gr at ed s tra te gi es ,S O P s an d gu id el in es fo cu se s fo rz oo no tic di se as es (a nd o th er to ol s) xi . In ad eq ua te c om m un ity e ng ag em en t xi i. In ad eq ua te c ap ac ity to d ev el op di ag no st ic to ol s an d la bo ra to ry re ag en ts . xi ii. In ad eq ua te c ov er ag e of IC T ac ro ss th e co un try de te ct io n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l ii. E xi st en ce o fO ne H ea lth in iti at iv es i. e. , r eg io na l, an d gl ob al (A FR O H U N , S A C ID S ,S A D C ,A U , S N L, B TR P ,D TR A ,G IZ ) iii . E xi st en ce o fE A C O ne H ea lth S tra te gi c P la n E xi st en ce o f in te rn at io na lly re co gn is ed gu id in g do cu m en ts (O IE , FA O ,W H O ) iv . E xi st en ce o f in te rn at io na l re fe re nc e la bo ra to rie s fo r sp ec ifi c di se as es ) ii. U np re di ct ab le w ea th er / cl im at e ch an ge iii . E xi st en ce o fp or ou s bo rd er s iv . D on or de pe nd en tf un di ng v. C on fli ct in g in te re st s on pr io rit y se tti ng a m on g ke y pa rtn er s P ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr en g th w ea kn es s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. P ol iti ca ls ta bi lit y co m m itm en ta nd su pp or t ii. D ef in ed re sp on se s tru ct ur es an d la bo ra to ry sy st em s i. S lo w di ss em in at io n of N at io na l P re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se p la ns to a ll se ct or s an d su bn at io na ll ev el i. E xi st en ce o fv ar io us lo ca l O ne H ea lth im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s ii. D on or s/ co lla bo ra to rs ’ in te re st to s up po rt i. C on fli ct in g in te re st s on pr io rit y se tti ng am on g ke y pl ay er s 23 30 iii . E xi st en ce s ur ve ill an ce g ui de lin es iv . (ID S R /IH R (2 00 5) , E B S ; g ui de lin es fo r s ur ve ill an ce o f p rio rit iz ed z oo no ti c d i se as es ; A M R S ur ve ill an ce fra m ew or k (2 01 8) v. C on tro l s tra te gi es fo r p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s vi . E xi st en ce o f c on tin ge nc y pl an fo r so m e di se as es s uc h as R V F C on tin ge nc y P la n, H P A I - H 5N 1, E bo la a nd C O V ID -1 9 vi i. E xi st en ce o f l ab or at or y in fra st ru ct ur e w ith q ua lif ie d w or kf or ce vi ii. W el l t ra in ed a nd c ap ab le s ta ff at N at io na l a nd s ub na tio na l le ve ls ix . G oo d co m m un ic at io n in fra st ru ct ur e x. IC T ex is ts w hi ch s up po rts re po rti ng vi a m ob ile xi . E xi st en ce o f v ar io us s ur ve ill an ce t o ol s xi i. E xi st en ce o f N at io na l C om m itt ee s a n d ta sk fo rc es fo r I H R , A M R xi ii. E xi st en ce of pr iv at e se ct or w hi ch su pp or t s ur ve ill an ce iii . In ad eq ua te c oo rd in at io n, c ol la bo ra tio n, an d co m m un ic at io n be tw ee n se ct or s iv . In ad eq ua te la bo ra to ry c ap ac ity a t su bn at io na l l ev el th ro ug ho ut th e di ffe re nt s ec to rs (h ea lth , l iv es to ck , w ild lif e) v. In ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce c ap ac ity a t su bn at io na l l ev el s vi . Lo w e ng ag em en t a nd p ar tic ip at io n of co m m un ity in s ur ve ill an ce a nd re po rti ng vi i. In ad eq ua te s ha rin g of s ur ve ill an ce d at a ac r o ss s ec to r s vi ii. In ad eq ua te s ur ve ill an ce d at a fe ed ba ck (b et w ee n se ct or s an d fa rm er s/ liv es to ck ke ep er s) ix . In ad eq ua te c ap ac ity fo r s ur ve ill an c e d a ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is a nd in te rp re ta ti o n x. I n ad eq ua te i m pl em en ta tio n of in te gr at ed s tra te gi es , S O P s an d g u id el in es fo cu se s fo r z oo no tic d is ea se s (a nd o th er to ol s) xi . In ad eq ua te c om m un ity e ng ag em en t xi i. In ad eq ua te c ap ac ity to d ev el op di ag no st ic to ol s an d la bo ra to ry re ag en ts . xi ii. In ad eq ua te c ov er ag e of IC T ac ro ss th e co un try de te ct io n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l ii. E xi st en ce o f O ne H ea lt h in iti at iv es i. e. , r eg io na l, an d gl ob al (A FR O H U N , S A C ID S , S A D C , A U , S N L, B TR P , D TR A , G IZ ) iii . E xi st en ce o f E A C O ne H ea lth S tra te gi c P l a n E xi st en ce o f in te rn at io na lly re co gn is ed g u id in g do cu m en ts (O IE , FA O , W H O ) iv . E xi st en ce o f in te rn at io na l re fe re nc e la bo ra to rie s fo r sp ec ifi c di se as es ) ii. U np re di ct ab le w ea th er / cl im at e ch an ge iii . E xi st en ce o f p or ou s b o rd er s iv . D on or d ep en de nt fu nd i n g v. C on fli ct in g in te re st s on pr io rit y se tti ng a m on g ke y pa rtn er s P ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr en g th w ea kn es s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. P ol iti ca l s ta bi lit y co m m itm en t a nd su pp or t ii. D ef in ed re sp on se s tru ct ur es a nd la bo ra to ry s ys te m s i. S lo w d is se m in at io n of N at io na l P re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se p la ns to a ll se ct or s an d su bn at io na l l ev el i. E xi st en ce o f v ar io us lo ca l O ne H ea lth im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s ii. D on or s/ co lla bo ra to rs ’ in te re st to s up po rt i. C on fli ct in g in te re st s on pr io rit y se tti ng a m on g ke y pl ay er s 31 iii . A va ila bi lit y of In ci de nc e M an ag em en t S ys te m s (IM S ) a nd E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre s at N at io na l l ev el iv . A va ila bi lit y of D is as te r a nd E m er ge nc y co m m itt ee s v. E xi st en ce o f f or m al M ul ti- se ct or al C oo rd in at io n th ro ug h P M O (O ne H ea lth S ec tio n) vi . A va ila bi lit y of m ul tid is ci pl in ar y/ m ul ti- se ct or al e xp er ts vi i. E xi st en ce o f m ul ti- se ct or al a ll ha za rd s an d di se as es s pe ci fic co nt in ge nc y pl an s (N at io na l A vi an P an de m ic In flu en za P la ns , R V F co nt in ge nc y pl an , P re pa r e dn es s P la n fo r P ub lic H ea lth R is ks a nd E m er ge nc ie s) vi ii. E xi st en ce o f N at io na l T as k Fo rc e co m m itt ee s in v ar io us s ec to rs t o re sp on d to p ub lic h ea lth e ve nt s in cl ud in g zo on ot ic d is ea se s ix . In cl us io n of O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch is su es w ith in g ov er nm en t se ct or s as w el l as in th e U ni ve rs ity tra in in g cu rr ic ul um x. C ou nt ry c om m itm en t o n R eg io na l an d G lo ba l R es ol ut io ns e .g . I H R , G H S A , xi . ii. P oo r u til iz at io n/ pa rti ci pa tio n of re sp on se co m m itt ee s in m ul ti- se ct or al a pp ro ac h at s ub na tio na l l ev el iii . Fe w m ul ti- se ct or al E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre s at s ub n at io na l le ve l iv . In ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce c ap ac ity to su pp or t M ul ti- se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se to e m er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng d is ea se s v. C om pe tin g pr io rit ie s am on g se ct or s es pe ci al ly d ur in g pr ep ar ed ne ss vi . In ad eq ua te o f e xp er tis e in re sp on di ng t o ne w ly e m er gi ng d is ea se s em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se a ct iv iti es iii . E xi st en ce o f R eg io na l a nd In te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth In iti at iv es ii. G lo ba l e co no m ic c ris is d ue to on go in g C O V ID -1 9 ou tb re ak iii . P ol iti ca l i ns ta bi lit y in s om e ne ig hb ou rin g co un tri es P ill ar 4: R es ea rc h a n d D ev el o p m en t S tr en g th w ea kn es s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. E xi st en ce o f o pe ra tio na l O H co ns or tia a nd n et w or ks ii. O ne H ea lth S tra te gi c P la n la un ch ed in 2 01 8; i. Lo w v ol um e an d qu al ity o f O H re se ar ch ii. Li m ite d fu nd in g to s up po rt O H re se ar ch i. E xi st en ce o f e xt er na l fu nd in g ag en ci es ii. In te re st o f d ev el op m en t pa rtn er s i. G lo ba l e co no m ic c ris is ii. Fr eq ue nt o cc ur re nc e (o ve rw he lm in g) o f 32 iii . E xi st en ce o fO H S iv . E xi st en ce o fr is k su rv ei lla nc e an d re sp on se s sy st em s. v. E xi st en ce o f m ul tid is ci pl in ar y/ se ct or al re se ar ch ex pe rts vi . P re se nc e of po lit ic al w ill on v al ue o f O ne H ea lth re se ar ch vi i. E xi st en ce o fd iv er se na tu ra l re so ur ce s fo ru se in re se ar ch e .g .i n w ild lif e, ag ric ul tu re ,e nv iro nm en te tc . vi ii. E xi st en ce o ft ra in in g in st itu tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth ix . E xi st en ce o fe st ab lis he d pa rtn er sh ip be tw ee n re se ar ch an d de ve lo pm en t in st itu tio ns x. E xi st en ce o fO ne H ea lth h ar m on iz ed C P D cu rr ic ul um am on g in st itu tio ns iii . Lo w nu m be ro fh um an re so ur ce s an d in fra st ru ct ur e to s up po rt O H re se ar ch iv . In ad eq ua te c ol la bo ra tio n am on g re se ar ch er s in d iff er en tn at io na la nd in te rn at io na lr es ea rc h in st itu tio ns iii . E xi st en ce o fE A C O ne H ea lth fo ru m iv . E xi st en ce o fr es ea rc h di ss em in at io n fo ru m s v. E xi st en ce a nd u se o fn ew te ch no lo gi es vi . S ub sc rip tio n an d ra tif ic at io n to in te rn at io na l an d re gi on al tre at s an d pr ot oc ol s e. g. JE E ,G H S A IH R e tc . em er gi ng /re -e m er gi ng pa nd em ic Th re at s iii . H ea vy de pe nd en ce o n ex te rn al fu nd in g fo r re se ar ch . P ill ar 5 : T ra in in g , a d vo ca cy a n d c o m m u n ic at io n S tr en g th W ea kn es s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. A va ila bi lit y of m ul ti- se ct or al ex pe rti se in h um an ,a ni m al ,a nd e nv iro nm en ta l he al th ii. A va ila bi lit y of O ne h ea lth re la te d po lic y do cu m en ts iii . E xi st en ce o fa w ar en es s, ad vo ca cy an d co m m un ic at io n te ch ni ca l w or ki ng g ro up a tO ne H ea lth S ec tio n iv . E xi st en ce o fn at io na lA M R co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy i. W ea k O ne H ea lth in fo rm at io n sh ar in g m ec ha ni sm am on g, s ec to r m in is tri es , an d ot he rr el ev an ts ta ke ho ld er s ii. La ck of O ne H ea lth A w ar en es s, co m m un ic at io n an d ad vo ca cy s tra te gy , gu id el in es an d to ol ki ts . iii . In ad eq ua te h um an a nd fi na nc ia l re so ur ce s fo ra w ar en es s, ad vo ca cy an d co m m un ic at io n ac tiv iti es . iv . In ad eq ua te O ne H ea lth a dv oc ac y to po lic y m ak er s v. In ad eq ua te a pp re ci at io n of O ne H ea lth co nc ep tt o po lic y m ak er s. vi . C on fli ct in g in te re st s in p rio rit y se tti ng am on g ke y pl ay er s an d pa rti ci pa tin g ag en ci es re ga rd in g aw ar en es s, ad vo ca cy an d co m m un ic at io n. i. E xi st en ce o fA M R na tio na l co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy ii. E xi st en ce o fd iff er en t di gi ta lc ha nn el s of co m m un ic at io n e. g. so ci al m ed ia c ha nn el s iii . E xi st en ce o fC S O s an d de ve lo pm en tp ar tn er s w ith in te re st in O ne H ea lth eg . R B A In iti at iv e iv . E xi st en ce o fO ne H ea lth se ct or pr og ra m s v. A va ila bi lit y of co m m un ic at io n pl at fo rm s i. S hi fti ng o f pr io rit ie s an d re so ur ce s aw ay fro m O ne H ea lth A w ar en es s, A dv oc ac y an d co m m un ic at io n ac tiv iti es du e to na tio na l an d gl ob al dy na m ic s. 24 32 iii . E xi st en ce o f O H S iv . E xi st en ce o f r is k su rv ei lla nc e an d re sp on se s sy st em s. v. E xi st en ce o f m ul tid is ci pl in ar y/ se ct or al re se ar ch ex pe rts vi . P re se nc e of p ol iti ca l w ill o n va lu e of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch vi i. E xi st en ce o f d iv er se n at ur al re so ur ce s fo r u se in re se ar ch e .g . i n w ild lif e, a gr ic ul tu re , e nv iro nm en t e tc . vi ii. E xi st en ce o f t ra in in g in st itu tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth ix . E xi st en ce o f e st ab lis he d pa rtn er sh ip be tw ee n re se ar ch a nd d ev el op m en t in st itu tio ns x. E xi st en ce o f O ne H ea lth h ar m on iz ed C P D c ur ric ul um a m on g in st itu tio ns iii . Lo w n um be r o f h um an re so ur ce s an d in fra st ru ct ur e to s up po rt O H re se ar ch iv . In ad eq ua te c ol la bo ra tio n am on g re se ar ch er s in d iff er en t n at io na l a nd in te rn at io na l r es ea rc h in st itu tio ns iii . E xi st en ce o f E A C O ne H ea lth fo ru m iv . E xi st en ce o f r es ea rc h di ss em in at io n fo ru m s v. E xi st en ce a nd u se o f n ew te ch no lo gi es vi . S ub sc rip tio n an d ra tif ic at io n to in te rn at io na l an d re gi on al tr ea ts a nd pr ot oc ol s e. g. J E E , G H S A IH R e tc . em er gi ng /re -e m er gi ng pa nd em ic T hr ea ts iii . H ea vy d ep en de nc e on ex te rn al fu nd in g fo r re se ar ch . P ill ar 5 : T ra in in g , a d vo ca cy a n d c o m m u n ic at io n S tr en g th W ea kn es s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. A va ila bi lit y of m ul ti- se ct or al e xp er tis e in h um an , a ni m al , a nd e nv iro nm en ta l he al th ii. A va ila bi lit y of O ne h ea lth re la te d po lic y do cu m en ts iii . E xi st en ce o f a w ar en es s, a dv oc ac y an d co m m un ic at io n te ch ni ca l w or ki ng g ro up a t O ne H ea lth S ec tio n iv . E xi st en ce o f n at io na l A M R co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy i. W ea k O ne H ea lth in fo rm at io n sh ar in g m ec ha ni sm a m on g, s ec to r m in is tri es , a n d ot he r r el ev an t s ta ke ho ld er s ii. La ck o f O ne H ea lth A w ar en es s, co m m un ic at io n an d ad vo ca cy s tra te gy , gu id el in es a nd to ol ki ts . iii . In ad eq ua te h um an a nd fi na nc ia l re so ur ce s fo r a w ar en es s, a dv oc ac y an d co m m un ic at io n ac tiv iti es . iv . In ad eq ua te O ne H ea lth a dv oc ac y t o po lic y m ak er s v. In ad eq ua te a pp re ci at io n of O ne H ea lt h co nc ep t t o po lic y m ak er s. vi . C on fli ct in g in te re st s in p rio rit y se tti ng am on g ke y pl ay er s an d pa rti ci pa tin g ag en ci es re ga rd in g aw ar en es s, ad vo ca cy a nd c om m un ic at io n. i. E xi st en ce o f A M R n at io na l co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy ii. E xi st en ce o f d iff er en t di gi ta l c ha nn el s of co m m un ic at io n e. g. s oc ia l m ed ia c ha nn el s iii . E xi st en ce o f C S O s an d de ve lo pm en t p ar tn er s w ith in te re st in O ne H ea lth e g. R B A In iti at iv e iv . E xi st en ce o f O ne H ea lth se ct or p ro gr am s v. A va ila bi lit y of co m m un ic at io n pl at fo rm s i. S hi fti ng o f pr io rit ie s an d re so ur ce s aw ay fro m O ne H ea lth A w ar en es s, A dv oc ac y an d co m m un ic at io n ac tiv iti es d u e to na tio na l an d gl ob al d yn am ic s. 25 26 33 vi i. R el ia nc e on d ev el op m en t p ar tn er s in O ne H ea lth a w ar en es s, a dv oc ac y an d co m m un ic at io n pr og ra m s. vi ii. In ad eq ua te IC E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls ix . La ck o f O ne h ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g sy st em s. x. In ad eq ua te a w ar en es s to th e co m m un ity re ga rd in g di ffe re nt O ne H ea lth m at te rs . P ill ar 6 : T ra in in g a n d E d u ca ti o n S tr en g th s W ea kn es se s O p p o rt u n it ie s C h al le n g es i. E xi st en ce o f t ra in in g in st itu tio ns th at ad dr es s hu m an , a ni m al , a nd en vi ro nm en ta l h ea lth ii. A va ila bi lit y of m ul ti- se ct or al ex pe rti se in h um an , a ni m al , a nd en vi ro nm en ta l h ea lth iii . E xi st en ce o f e st ab lis he d in te gr at ed O ne H ea lth tr ai ni ng c ou rs es fo r i n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l. iv . E xi st en ce o f i nt eg ra te d O ne H ea lth tra in in g pr og ra m s in te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n an d hi gh er le ar ni ng in st itu tio ns fo r p re -s er vi ce p er so nn el v. A va ila bi lit y of tr ai ni ng m at er ia ls (c ur ric ul a, te xt b oo ks a nd m an ua ls ) vi . A va ila bi lit y of O ne h ea lth re la te d po lic y do cu m en ts a nd tr ai ni ng pa ck ag es i. La ck o f O ne H ea lth tr ai ni ng p la n ii. In ad eq ua te re so ur ce s to s up po rt O ne H ea lth e -le ar ni ng (e .g ., au di o bo ok s, si m ul at io n m od el s) iii . In ad eq ua te h um an a nd fi na nc ia l re so ur ce s iv . O ve rr el ia nc e on d ev el op m en t p ar tn er s in O ne H ea lth tr ai ni ng , p ro gr am s. v. S lo w a do pt io n of O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C on ce pt a m on g po lic y m ak er s, ex ec ut iv e of fic er s an d m an ag er s vi . In ad eq ua te u nd er st an di ng o f O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h by th e po lic y m ak er s, E xe cu tiv e O ffi ce rs a nd M an ag er s i. E xi st en ce o f s tro ng pr of es si on al c ou nc ils in Ta nz an ia (e .g . M C T, V C T) ii. E xi st en ce o f R eg ul at or y B od ie s (T C U , N A C TE , C G LA , T M D A ) iii . E xi st en ce o f C P D pr og ra m s in T an za ni a iv . E xi st en ce o f e -le ar ni ng pl at fo rm s e. g. E C H O , ZO O M v. E xi st en ce o f O ne H ea lth S ec to r M in is try p ro gr am s vi . H ig h ne ed a nd d em an d fo r c ap ac ity b ui ld in g in O ne H ea lth H ea vy d ep en de nc e on ex te rn al fu nd in g fo r O H in te rv en tio ns 29 2.6 Stakeholder’s analysis 2.7.1 The objective of the OH stakeholder mapping The objective of the mapping was to identify and visualize all One Health stakeholders in Tanzania, their current relationship/interaction with One Health Section (OHS) and their influence in One Health activities in the country. The output of the analysis will be used to guide stakeholder engagement during implementation of OH activities. 2.7.2 Stakeholders visual maps One Health stakeholder analysis was undertaken to assess the interaction and influence. The results indicated that majority of the stakeholders had high interaction with the OHS and influence (both resource and non-resource) on One Health activities. However, the most resource-based influential group was the NGOs and international institutions. Political leaders and reverend groups were very influential category had very little interaction with the OHS. In addition, communities and professional associations were the least interactive and influential category of all, as for media had low interaction with OHS but very influential. The communication and advocacy strategy need to be developed taking cognizance of the risk mapping findings. The pictorial map is as shown in the figure. Detailed analysis report is attached as Appendix 3. Figure 1. Interaction and influence map for central government, Regional and local government authorities, communities and professional associations and private sector and information media. The proximity to the OHS indicates strong interaction, the bubble size represents the level of resource-influence. The color shades represent the level of non-resource-based influence; the darker the shade, the higher the influence. 2729 2.6 Stakeholder’s analysis 2.7.1 The objective of the OH stakeholder mapping The objective of the mapping was to identify and visualize all One Health stakeholders in Tanzania, their current relationship/interaction with One Health Section (OHS) and their influence in One Health activities in the country. The output of the analysis will be used to guide stakeholder engagement during implementation of OH activities. 2.7.2 Stakeholders visual maps One Health stakeholder analysis was undertaken to assess the interaction and influence. The results indicated that majority of the stakeholders had high interaction with the OHS and influence (both resource and non-resource) on One Health activities. However, the most resource-based influential group was the NGOs and international institutions. Political leaders and reverend groups were very influential category had very little interaction with the OHS. In addition, communities and professional associations were the least interactive and influential category of all, as for media had low interaction with OHS but very influential. The communication and advocacy strategy need to be developed taking cognizance of the risk mapping findings. The pictorial map is as shown in the figure. Detailed analysis report is attached as Appendix 3. Figure 1. Interaction and influence map for central government, Regional and local government authorities, communities and professional associations and private sector and information media. The proximity to the OHS indicates strong interaction, the bubble size represents the level of resource-influence. The color shades represent the level of non-resource-based influence; the darker the shade, the higher the influence. 2830 3. THE STRATEGIC PLAN 3.1 Purpose The overall purpose of the Strategic Plan is to provide a strategic direction in the implementation of OH Agenda. Specifically, the plan intends to improve performance of OHS; improve accountability; act as a communication tool within organization and other stakeholders; indicate the timing of implementation; indicate how progress should be measured; and establish priority areas for efficient and effective allocation of limited resources. 3.2 Vision and Mission 3.2.1 Vision A nation with optimal health for people, animals and the environment achieved through collaborative efforts locally, nationally, regionally and globally. 3.2.2 Mission Improve the well-being of the United Republic of Tanzania by promoting collaboration in addressing One Health country priorities. 3.3 Objective of the strategy Provide functional and quality integrated human, animal and environmental health systems to reduce the burden of health threats at all levels 3.4 Core Values ThefollowingarethecorevaluesthatwillguidetheimplementationofthisStrategicPlan: (a) Collaboration– promoteengagementandcollaborationtoachievethestrengthofaunitedforceworki ngforthebenefitofall; (b) Adaptability – flexible, innovative and responsive to meet the changing needs of our society; (c) Excellence – promote the highest standards of performance throughout the scope of One Health to ensure quality and continuous improvement at all levels; (d) Teamwork - close working relationships with all stakeholders for synergy; (e) Transparency - openness and willingness to promote and share in executing One Health; and (f) Resilience - recognizing the varied staff, programmes, disciplines, sectors, and backgrounds with the aim of reaching a common goal 3.5 Guiding Principles The following principles will guide the implementation of this plan: (a) Prevention and control of zoonoses is a national public good and requires strong political and financial commitment at national and county levels 31 (b) Sustainable utilization of existing institutions and whenever possible drawing on lessons learnt (c) Use of a multidisciplinary approach to realize technical, political, and regulatory frameworks required to effectively manage zoonoses (d) Science-based and continually adjust to new information and technologies (e) Recognize and respect cultural diversity. 3.6 Strategic Pillars and Goals Strategic pillars are the broad areas of focus which we must invest and work in to successfully achieve our mission. The strategic plan will be implemented to impact in six pillars. Each Pillar has a strategic goal, Objectives, Strategies, and Targets Key Performance Indicators as follows: 2930 3. THE STRATEGIC PLAN 3.1 Purpose The overall purpose of the Strategic Plan is to provide a strategic direction in the implementation of OH Agenda. Specifically, the plan intends to improve performance of OHS; improve accountability; act as a communication tool within organization and other stakeholders; indicate the timing of implementation; indicate how progress should be measured; and establish priority areas for efficient and effective allocation of limited resources. 3.2 Vision and Mission 3.2.1 Vision A nation with optimal health for people, animals and the environment achieved through collaborative efforts locally, nationally, regionally and globally. 3.2.2 Mission Improve the well-being of the United Republic of Tanzania by promoting collaboration in addressing One Health country priorities. 3.3 Objective of the strategy Provide functional and quality integrated human, animal and environmental health systems to reduce the burden of health threats at all levels 3.4 Core Values ThefollowingarethecorevaluesthatwillguidetheimplementationofthisStrategicPlan: (a) Collaboration– promoteengagementandcollaborationtoachievethestrengthofaunitedforceworki ngforthebenefitofall; (b) Adaptability – flexible, innovative and responsive to meet the changing needs of our society; (c) Excellence – promote the highest standards of performance throughout the scope of One Health to ensure quality and continuous improvement at all levels; (d) Teamwork - close working relationships with all stakeholders for synergy; (e) Transparency - openness and willingness to promote and share in executing One Health; and (f) Resilience - recognizing the varied staff, programmes, disciplines, sectors, and backgrounds with the aim of reaching a common goal 3.5 Guiding Principles The following principles will guide the implementation of this plan: (a) Prevention and control of zoonoses is a national public good and requires strong political and financial commitment at national and county levels 31 (b) Sustainable utilization of existing institutions and whenever possible drawing on lessons learnt (c) Use of a multidisciplinary approach to realize technical, political, and regulatory frameworks required to effectively manage zoonoses (d) Science-based and continually adjust to new information and technologies (e) Recognize and respect cultural diversity. 3.6 Strategic Pillars and Goals Strategic pillars are the broad areas of focus which we must invest and work in to successfully achieve our mission. The strategic plan will be implemented to impact in six pillars. Each Pillar has a strategic goal, Objectives, Strategies, and Targets Key Performance Indicators as follows: 30 29 T a b le 2 : L o g ic a l F ra m e w o rk S tr at eg ic p ill ar 1 : C o o rd in at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en a n d in st it u ti o n al iz e O n e H ea lt h c o o rd in at io n a t al l l ev el s O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 1. 1 To e nh an ce th e op er at io na l c ap ac ity o f O ne H ea lth c oo rd in at in g de sk 1. 1. 1 S tre ng th en Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s (T W G ) t o be fu nc tio na l, ac tiv e an d w el l-c oo rd in at ed 1. 1. 1. 1 E st ab lis h O ne H ea lth Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s by 20 23 i. Id en tif y an d ap po in t TW G m em be rs -N um be r o f T W G s es ta bl is he d -N um be r o f T W G s m em be rs a pp oi nt ed -M in ut es of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ee tin g -C op y of n om in at io n le tte rs -T oR in p la ce ii. C on du ct w or ks ho p to de ve lo p To R s fo r TW G s -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nv en ed 1. 1. 1. 2 C on du ct qu ar te rly m ee tin gs fo r T W G s by 2 02 7 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nv en ed -M in ut es o f T W G m ee tin gs ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 1. 1. 1. 3 C on du ct bi an nu al na tio na l, re gi on al a nd d is tri ct m ul ti- se ct or al O H te ch ni ca l te am s’ m ee tin gs b y 20 27 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nv en ed M in ut es of th e bi an nu al m ee tin gs ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 1. 1. 1. 4 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r T W G s by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct tr ai ni ng n ee ds A ss es sm en t N um be r o f T W G s m em be rs tr ai ne d Tr ai ni ng re po rts ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns iii . C on du ct tr ai ni ng 30 1. 1. 2 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r O H S S ta ff an d O H fo ca lp er so ns 1. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct tw o ca pa ci ty bu ild in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps an nu al ly i. C on du ct tra in in g ne ed s A ss es sm en t N um be ro fO H S S ta ff tra in ed N um be ro fO H fo ca l pe rs on s tra in ed Tr ai ni ng re po rts ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns iii . C on du ct tra in in g 1. 2 To in cr ea se re so ur ce s to su pp or t O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es 1. 2. 1 E nh an ce re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n an d al lo ca tio n fro m th e go ve rn m en t, de ve lo pm en tp ar tn er s an d pr iv at e se ct or s 1. 2. 1. 1 D ev el op R es ou rc e M ob ili sa tio n S tra te gy by 20 27 i. Id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs an d or ga ni ze a w or ks ho p -R es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy d oc um en t A de qu at e H um an a nd Fi na nc ia lR es ou rc es in a ll le ve ls -R es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy ii. D ra ft a R es ou rc e M ob ili sa tio n S tra te gy do cu m en t iii . D is se m in at e si gn ed re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy d oc um en tt o st ak eh ol de rs iv . O pe ra tio na liz e R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy 1. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct bi -a nn ua l re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n m ee tin gs be tw ee n st ak eh ol de rs a nd im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s by 20 27 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs N um be rr es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n ev en ts co nd uc te d M ee tin g M in ut es Fi na nc ia lr ec or ds d et ai lin g am ou nt of fu nd s ra is ed ii. Id en tif y an d sh ar e ar ea s fo rf un di ng iii . P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts an d ne ed ed re so ur ce s iv . O rg an iz e re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n ev en ts i. P re pa re p ro je ct co nc ep ts n ot e/ pa pe r N um be ro fP ro gr am m es an d pr oj ec ts de ve lo pe d -N um be ro fp ro gr am m es an d pr oj ec ts fu nd ed 31 30 1. 1. 2 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r O H S S ta ff an d O H fo ca l p er so ns 1. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct tw o ca pa ci ty bu ild in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps an nu al ly i. C on du ct tr ai ni ng n ee ds A ss es sm en t N um be r o f O H S S ta ff tra in ed N um be r o f O H fo ca l pe rs on s tra in ed Tr ai ni ng re po rts ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns iii . C on du ct tr ai ni ng 1. 2 To in cr ea se re so ur ce s to su pp or t O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es 1. 2. 1 E nh an ce re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n an d al lo ca tio n fro m th e go ve rn m en t, de ve lo pm en t p ar tn er s an d pr iv at e se ct or s 1. 2. 1. 1 D ev el op R es ou rc e M ob ili sa tio n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs an d or ga ni ze a w or ks ho p -R es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy d oc um en t A de qu at e H um an a nd Fi na nc ia l R es ou rc es in a ll le ve ls -R es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy ii. D ra ft a R es ou rc e M ob ili sa tio n S tra te gy do cu m en t iii . D is se m in at e si gn ed re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n st ra te gy d oc um en t t o st ak eh ol de rs iv . O pe ra tio na liz e R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy 1. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct b i-a nn ua l re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n m ee tin gs b et w ee n st ak eh ol de rs a nd im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s by 20 27 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs N um be r r es ou rc e m ob ili za tio n ev en ts co nd uc te d M ee tin g M in ut es F i na nc ia l r ec or ds d et ai lin g am ou nt o f f un ds ra is ed ii. Id en tif y an d sh ar e ar ea s fo r f un di ng iii . P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s iv . O rg an iz e re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n ev en ts i. P re pa re p ro je ct co nc ep ts n ot e/ pa pe r N um be r o f P ro gr am m es an d pr oj ec ts d ev el op ed -N um be r o f p ro gr am m es an d pr oj ec ts fu nd ed 32 31 1. 2. 1. 3 D ev el op p ro gr am m es an d pr oj ec ts to s up po rt O H ac tiv iti es b y Ju ne , 2 02 7 ii. O rg an iz e st ak eh ol de rs ’ m ee tin gs 1. 3 To s tre ng th en / im pr ov e ne tw or ki ng be tw ee n O H S , l oc al a nd in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth co ns or tia 1. 3. 1 S tre ng th en w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H S , l oc al an d in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a 1. 3. 1. 1 O rg an iz e O ne H ea lth na tio na l p la tfo rm u si ng ex is tin g st ru ct ur e by 2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nv en ed ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s iii . C on du ct N at io na l pl at fo rm 1. 3. 1. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs o f O H fo ca l p er so ns at v ill ag e, w ar d, d is tri ct s, re gi on al a nd m in is try le ve ls by J un e, 20 27 i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nv en ed ii. P re pa re d oc um en ts fo r a m ee tin g 1. 3. 1. 3 Fa ci lit at e O H S s ta ff to a tte nd O ne H ea lth c on so rti a m ee tin gs b y Ju ne , 2 02 7 Id en tif y nu m be r o f O H S st af f a nd a llo ca te fu nd s to fa ci lit at e th ei r a tte nd an ce to O H C on so rti a m ee tin gs -N um be r o f m ee tin gs at te nd ed -N um be r o f O H S s ta ff pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth c on so rti a m ee tin gs S tr at eg y P ill ar 2 : S u rv ei lla n ce , D et ec ti o n , P re ve n ti o n a n d C o n tr o l G o al : F u n ct io n al a n d q u al it y jo in t h u m an a n d a n im al h ea lt h s u rv ei lla n ce s ys te m s to r ed u ce t h e b u rd en o f zo o n o ti c d is ea se s, A n ti m ic ro b ia l 1 R es is ta n ce ( A M R ) an d o th er p u b lic h ea lt h e ve n ts e st ab lis h ed O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 2. 1 To s tre ng th en jo in t su rv ei lla nc e, o f pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls 2. 1. 1 E st ab lis h jo in t O ne H ea lth su rv ei lla nc e sy st em at n at io na l, zo na l/r eg io na l a nd di st ric t l ev el s 2. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op g ui de lin es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R an d ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. D ev el op g ui de lin es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R a nd o th er p ub lic he al th e ve nt s N o of S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R an d ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts S O P a nd m an ua ls in p la ce W or ks ho p re po rt ii. C on du ct d is se m in at io n w or ks ho p N um be r o f d is se m in at io n w or ks ho p 32 iii . U nd er ta ke s up po rti ve su pe rv is io n N um be ro fz on es re gi on s an d di st ric ts s up er vi se d S up er vi si on re po rt iv . Tr ai n pu bl ic a nd an im al h ea lth s ta ff to co lle ct ,s to re a nd an al ys e jo in t su rv ei lla nc e da ta v. U se o fI C T on d at a co lle ct io n vi . C on du ct pa rti ci pa to ry ep id em io lo gy to en ga ge co m m un ity in su rv ei lla nc e Tr ai n D is tri ct pu bl ic a nd an im al he al th w or ke rs on su rv ei lla nc e us in g O H ap pr oa ch by 20 27 . i. C on du ct tra in in g on zo on ot ic d is ea se s at zo na l, re gi on al an d di st ric t l ev el s. N um be ro ft ra in ed pe rs on ne la ta ll le ve ls Tr ai ni ng re po rt M ee tin g re po rt N um be ro fm ee tin gs co nd uc te d ii. C on du ct qu ar te rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs on zo on ot ic di se as e, A M R an d ot he rp ub lic he al th ev en ts 2. 1. 2 E nh an ce jo in t zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R an d pu bl ic h ea lth th re at su rv ei lla nc e at na tio na l, 2. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct jo in t R is k A ss es sm en to fz oo no tic di se as es ,A M R a nd ot he r pu bl ic he al th ev en ts at zo na l, i. C on du ct Jo in tR is k A ss es sm en to f zo on ot ic d is ea se s at zo na l, re gi on al an d di st ric t l ev el s N um be ro ft ra in ed pe rs on ne lo n JR A Tr ai ni ng re po rts 33 32 iii . U nd er ta ke s up po rti ve su pe rv is io n N um be r o f z on es re gi on s an d di st ric ts s up er vi se d S up er vi si on re po rt iv . Tr ai n pu bl ic a nd an im al h ea lth s ta ff to co lle ct , s to re a nd an al ys e jo in t su rv ei lla nc e da ta v. U se o f I C T on d at a co lle ct io n vi . C on du ct p ar tic ip at or y ep id em io lo gy to en ga ge c om m un ity in su rv ei lla nc e Tr ai n D is tri ct p ub lic a nd an im al h ea lth w or ke rs o n su rv ei lla nc e us in g O H ap pr oa ch b y 20 27 . i. C on du ct tr ai ni ng o n zo on ot ic d is ea se s at zo na l, re gi on al a nd di st ric t l ev el s. N um be r o f t ra in ed pe rs on ne l a t a ll le ve ls Tr ai ni ng re po rt M ee tin g re po rt N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d ii. C on du ct q ua rte rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs on z oo no tic d is ea se , A M R a nd o th er p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 2. 1. 2 E nh an ce jo in t zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R a nd p ub lic h ea lth th re at s ur ve ill an ce a t na tio na l, 2. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct jo in t R is k A ss es sm en t o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth e ve nt s at z on al , i. C on du ct J oi nt R is k A ss es sm en t o f zo on ot ic d is ea se s at zo na l, re gi on al a nd di st ric t l ev el s N um be r o f t ra in ed pe rs on ne l o n JR A Tr ai ni ng re po rts 34 33 zo na l/r eg io na l, di st ric t an d co m m un ity le ve ls re gi on al a nd d is tri ct le ve ls b y 20 27 ii. Im pl em en t t he as so ci at ed re co m m en da tio ns 2. 1. 2. 2 Q ua rte rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth e ve nt s co nd uc te d by 20 27 C on du ct q ua rte rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R an d ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d M ee tin g R ep or t/m in ut es 2. 1. 3 To e st ab lis h jo in t da ta ba se a t O H S fo r zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 2. 1. 3. 1 C ap ac ita te O H S , st or e an d an al ys es jo in t su rv ei lla nc e da ta b y 20 27 i. Tr ai n O H S o n co lle ct io n, s to re a nd an al ys es jo in t su rv ei lla nc e N um be r o f O H S s ta ff tra in ed Tr ai ni ng re po rts ii. P ro cu re a nd in st al l da ta s to ra ge a nd an al ys is s of tw ar e A va ila bi lit y of th e so ftw ar e S of tw ar e in p la ce 2. 1. 4 S tre ng th en cr os s- bo rd er s ha rin g of in fo rm at io n on zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er e ve nt s 2. 1. 4. 1 C on du ct ri sk co m m un ic at io n an d co m m un ity e ng ag em en t o n on z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R an d ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. C on du ct K A P s tu di es on z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er p ub lic he al th e ve nt s N um be r o f K A P s tu dy co nd uc te d K A P re po rt ii. D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IE C m at er ia ls o n zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts iii . Tr ai n c om m un ity o n N um be r o f m at er ia ls di ss em in at ed N um be r o f p er so nn el IE C m at er ia ls in p la ce Tr ai ni ng re po rts iv . R ep or tin g, p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts tr ai ne d 34 2. 1. 4. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly cr os s- bo rd er su rv ei lla nc e co m m itt ee m ee tin gs b y 20 27 C on du ct cr os s- bo rd er jo in t ris k as se ss m en tf oc us in g on zo on os is di se as es , A M R an d ot he rp ub lic he at h ev en ts N um be ro fm ee tin gs co nd uc te d M ee tin g re po rts 2. 2 To st re ng th en , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro lo f pr io rit iz ed zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r pu bl ic he al th th re at s at a ll le ve ls 2. 2. 1 E nh an ce pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic he al th ev en ts 2. 2. 1. 1 Im pl em en t co nt ro l st ra te gi es fo r pr io rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R an d pu bl ic he al th ev en ts i. D ev el op an d re vi ew gu id el in es an d S O P s fo r va cc in at io n of pr io rit y zo on ot ic d is ea se s N um be r of S O P s an d gu id el in es de ve lo pe d an d re vi ew ed fo r6 P ZD s S O P S an d gu id el in es in pl ac e ii. P ro cu re m en t of va cc in es a nd b io lo gi ca ls D os es of va cc in es an d bi ol og ic al s pr oc ur ed P ro cu re m en tr ep or ts iii .C on du ct pr e va cc in at io n aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns N um be r of w ar ds /v ill ag es se ns iti ze d R ep or ts iv .C on du ct ro ut in e va cc in at io n ca m pa ig ns fo r re le va nt P ZD s, N um be r of an im al s va cc in at ed fo r ea ch P ZD s an d co ve ra ge V ac ci na tio n re po rts v. C on du ct pr e an d po st va cc in at io n m on ito rin g N um be r of su pe rv is io ns co nd uc te d pr e an d po st va cc in at io n M on ito rin g re po rts 2. 1. 2. 2 C on du ct O n jo b tra in in gs o f st af fs i n th e ar ea of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r he al th ev en ts on pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l by 20 27 i. C on du ct st af f tra in in g ne ed s as se ss m en t N um be r of ne ed s as se ss m en ts c on du ct ed N ee ds as se ss m en tR ep or ts ii. C on du ct on th e jo b tra in in gs of st af fs on pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r he al th ev en ts N um be ro fs ta ff tra in ed T r ai n re po rts 35 34 2. 1. 4. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly cr os s- bo rd er s ur ve ill an ce co m m itt ee m ee tin gs b y 20 27 C on du ct c ro ss -b or de r j oi nt ris k as se ss m en t f oc us in g on z oo no si s di se as es , A M R a nd o th er p ub lic he at h ev en ts N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d M ee tin g re po rts 2. 2 To st re ng th en , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f pr io rit iz ed zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r pu bl ic he al th th re at s at a ll le ve ls 2. 2. 1 E nh an ce pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic he al th ev en ts 2. 2. 1. 1 Im pl em en t co nt ro l st ra te gi es fo r pr io rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd pu bl ic h ea lth e ve nt s i. D ev el op an d re vi ew gu id el in es a nd S O P s fo r va cc in at io n of pr io rit y zo on ot ic d is ea se s N um be r of S O P s an d gu id el in es d ev el op ed a nd re vi ew ed fo r 6 P ZD s S O P S an d gu id el in es in pl ac e ii. P ro cu re m en t of va cc in es a nd b io lo gi ca ls D os es of va cc in es an d bi ol og ic al s pr oc ur ed P ro cu re m en t r ep or ts iii . C on du ct p re v ac ci na tio n aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns N um be r of w ar ds /v ill ag es se ns iti ze d R ep or ts iv . C on du ct ro ut in e va cc in at io n ca m pa ig ns fo r re le va nt P ZD s, N um be r of an im al s va cc in at ed fo r ea ch P ZD s an d co ve ra ge V ac ci na tio n re po rts v. C on du ct pr e an d po st va cc in at io n m on ito rin g N um be r of su pe rv is io ns co nd uc te d pr e an d po st va cc in at io n M on ito rin g re po rts 2. 1. 2. 2 C on du ct O n jo b tra in in gs o f st af fs i n th e ar ea of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r he al th ev en ts on pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l by 20 27 i. C on du ct st af f tra in in g ne ed s as se ss m en t N um be r of ne ed s as se ss m en ts c on du ct ed N ee ds a ss es sm en t R ep or ts ii. C on du ct on th e jo b tra in in gs of st af fs on pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd o th er h ea lth ev en ts N um be r o f s ta ff tra in ed Tr ai n re po rts 36 35 3. 1 To e nh an ce pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as e de te ct io n ca pa ci ty a t n at io na l (1 00 % ), zo na l/r eg io na l (6 0% ) a nd d is tri ct (3 0% ) le ve ls 3. 1. 1 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry d ia gn os tic ca pa ci ty 3. 1. 1. 1 C ap ac ity b ui ld in g fo r la bo ra to ry ac ro ss s ec to rs in th e ar ea o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd o th er he al th e ve nt s di ag no si s by 20 27 i. C on du ct la bo ra to ry ne ed s as se ss m en t N um be r o f a ss es sm en ts do ne La bo ra to ry n ee ds as se ss m en ts re po rts ii. p ro cu re m en t o f la bo ra to ry e qu ip m en t, re ag en ts a nd co ns um ab le s N um be r o f l ab e qu ip m en t, re ag en ts a nd co ns um ab le s pr oc ur ed In ve nt or y re po rts iii . T ra in la bo ra to ry s ta ff ac ro ss s ec to rs in th e ar ea o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r h ea lth e ve nt s di ag no si s N um be r o f p er so nn el tra in ed Tr ai ni ng re po rts iv . D ev el op S O P s fo r de te ct io n of p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er p ub lic he al th e ve nt s N um be r o f S O P s de ve lo pe d S O P s in p la ce 3. 1. 1. 2 S tre ng th en M ul ti- se ct or al la bo ra to ry n et w or k i. D ev el op T O R fo r la bo ra to ry n et w or ks ii. C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs fo r m ul ti- se ct or al d ia gn os tic s co m m itt ee iii . C on du ct In te r- la bo ra to ry c om pa ris on fo r p rio rit y zo on ot ic di se as es N um be r o f T O R de ve lo pe d N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d TO R in p la ce M ee tin g re po rts 3. 1. 1. 3 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry qu al ity m an ag em en t s ys te m i. C on du ct In te r- la bo ra to ry c om pa ris on fo r p rio rit y zo on ot ic di se as es N um be r o f i nt er la bo ra to ry co m pa ris on c on du ct ed R ep or ts 36 ii. C ar ry ou tp ro fic ie nc y te st N um be ro fp ro fic ie nc y te st ca rr ie d ou t R ep or ts 3. 1. 1. 4 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry bi os af et y an d bi os ec ur ity m ea su re s iii .C on du ct di ss em in at io n m ee tin g of B io sa fe ty an d B io se cu rit y G ui de lin es N um be ro fm ee tin gs co nd uc te d M ee tin g re po rt/ m in ut es iv .R ev ie w N at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is t N um be ro fN at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is tr ev ie w ed R ev ie w ed C he ck lis ti n pl ac e v. A ss es s B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y im pl em en ta tio n in s ix la bo ra to rie s pe ry ea r N um be ro fa ss es sm en ts R ep or ts vi .C on du ct B io -r is k m an ag em en tt ra in in g Tr ai ni ng re po rts S tr at eg ic p ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en m u lt i- se ct o ra l e m er g en cy p re p ar ed n es s an d e ar ly r es p o n se f ra m ew o rk s fo r O n e H ea lt h ev en ts O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 3. 1 S tre ng th en fra m ew or ks fo rm ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se to em er gi ng an d re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts 3. 1. 1 R ev ie w th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks 3. 1. 1. 1 R ev ie w M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y an d m ap th e ke y st ak eh ol de rs to in vo lv e in th e re vi ew pr oc es s -N um be ro fs ta ke ho ld er s id en tif ie d R ev ie w re po rts ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps fo rk ey st ak eh ol de rs to re vi ew th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 N um be ro fw or ks ho ps co nd uc te d N um be ro fp er so nn el at te nd ed w or ks ho p W or ks ho p re po rts M ee tin g R eg is tra tio n 37 36 ii. C ar ry ou t p ro fic ie nc y te st N um be r o f p ro fic ie nc y te st ca rr ie d ou t R ep or ts 3. 1. 1. 4 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry bi os af et y an d bi os ec ur ity m ea su re s iii . C on du ct d is se m in at io n m ee tin g of B io sa fe ty an d B io se cu rit y G ui de lin es N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d M ee tin g re po rt/ m in ut es iv . R ev ie w N at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is t N um be r o f N at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is t r ev ie w ed R ev ie w ed C he ck lis t i n pl ac e v. A ss es s B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y im pl em en ta tio n in s ix la bo ra to rie s pe r y ea r N um be r o f a ss es sm en ts R ep or ts vi . C on du ct B io -r is k m an ag em en t t ra in in g Tr ai ni ng re po rts S tr at eg ic p ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en m u lt i- se ct o ra l e m er g en cy p re p ar ed n es s an d e ar ly r es p o n se f ra m ew o rk s fo r O n e H ea lt h e ve n ts O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 3. 1 S tre ng th en fra m ew or ks fo r m ul ti- se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts 3. 1. 1 R ev ie w th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks 3. 1. 1. 1 R ev ie w M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y an d m ap th e ke y st ak eh ol de rs to in vo lv e in th e re vi ew pr oc es s -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s id en tif ie d R ev ie w re po rts ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps fo r k ey st ak eh ol de rs to re vi ew th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 N um be r o f w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d N um be r o f p er so nn el at te nd ed w or ks ho p W or ks ho p re po rts M ee tin g R eg is tra tio n 38 37 iii . C on du ct O ne v al id at io n w or ks ho p of ke y st ak eh ol de rs to va lid at e th e fra m ew or ks th at e nt ai ls em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se co nd uc te d by 2 02 7 N um be r of st ak eh ol de rs at te nd ed va lid at io n w or ks ho p W or ks ho p re po rts 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e fra m ew or ks th at en ta ils m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se t o em er gi ng an d re -m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es t o al l l ev el s 3. 1. 2. 1 D is se m in at e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed e m er ge nc y an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks b y 20 27 i. O ne W or ks ho ps to P re pa re th e di ss em in at io n pl an D is se m in at io n pl an in pl ac e W or ks ho p re po rts ii. P rin tin g 30 00 c op ie s of va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks N um be r of p ol ic y m ak er s an d de ve lo pm en t p ar tn er s at te nd ed d is se m in at io n D el iv er y/ di sp at ch n ot es iii . D is se m in at io n m ee tin gs to po lic y m ak er s an d D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s on th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed fra m ew or ks C on du ct ed N um be r o f p er so nn el at te nd ed d is se m in at io n N um be r o f w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d M ee tin g re po rts iv . C on du ct zo na l an d re gi on al W or ks ho ps t o di ss em in at e an d D is tri bu te th e co pi es o f th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks W or ks ho p re po rts M ee tin g re gi st ra tio n 38 3. 2 To s tre ng th en op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks to em er gi ng an d re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es at al l l ev el s 3. 2. 1 S up po rt jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se s on O ne H ea lth re la te d em er ge nc ie s an d re sp on se (f oc us on su bn at io na ll ev el s) . 3. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld s im ul at io n ex er ci se s to M ul ti- se ct or al ac to rs fo rp re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se to e m er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng H ea lth re la te d th re at s by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct on e jo in t ta bl e- to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se pe ry ea r -N um be ro ft ab le -to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se s co nd uc te d pe ry ea r -N um be ro fp ar tic ip an ts S im ul at io n ex er ci se re po rt P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s ii. C on du ct on e jo in tf ie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se pe ry ea r -N um be ro fs im ul at io n ex er ci se s co nd uc te d pe r ye ar -N um be ro fp ar tic ip an ts S im ul at io n ex er ci se re po rt P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s iii . C on du ct on e m ul ti- se ct or al m ee tin g pe r ye ar to u pd at e th e pl an us in g si m ul at io n ex er ci se s fin di ng s, -N um be ro fm ee tin gs co nd uc te d -M ee tin g re po rts -P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s i. C on du ct su pp or tiv e su pe rv is io ns in z on al an d re gi on al fa ci lit ie s on op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks (T w o su pe rv is or s pe r fa ci lit y) -N um be ro ff ac ili tie s vi si te d in e ac h zo ne -N um be ro ff ac ili tie s vi si te d at re gi on al le ve l -S up po rti ve s up er vi si on re po rt ii. C on du ct tw o m ee tin gs of th re e da ys pe ry ea rw ith 20 m ul tid is ci pl in ar y pa rti ci pa nt s to pr ep ar e bu dg et -N um be ro fm ee tin gs co nd uc te d pe ry ea r -N um be ro fp ar tic ip an ts at te nd ed -M ee tin g re po rt -A tte nd an ce re gi st er 39 38 3. 2 To s tre ng th en op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es a t al l l ev el s 3. 2. 1 S up po rt jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se s on O ne H ea lth re la te d em er ge nc ie s an d re sp on se (f oc us o n su bn at io na l l ev el s) . 3. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld s im ul at io n ex er ci se s to M ul ti- se ct or al ac to rs fo r p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se to e m er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng H ea lth re la te d th re at s by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct o ne jo in t ta bl e- to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se p er y ea r -N um be r o f t ab le -to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se s co nd uc te d pe r y ea r -N um be r o f p ar tic ip an ts S im ul at io n ex er ci se re po rt P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s ii. C on du ct o ne jo in t f ie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se pe r y ea r -N um be r o f s im ul at io n ex er ci se s co nd uc te d pe r ye ar -N um be r o f p ar tic ip an ts S im ul at io n ex er ci se re po rt P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s iii . C on du ct o ne m ul ti- se ct or al m ee tin g pe r ye ar to u pd at e th e pl an u si ng s im ul at io n ex er ci se s fin di ng s, -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d -M ee tin g re po rts -P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce re gi st er s i. C on du ct s up po rti ve su pe rv is io ns in z on al an d re gi on al fa ci lit ie s on o pe ra tio na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks (T w o su pe rv is or s pe r fa ci lit y) -N um be r o f f ac ili tie s vi si te d in e ac h zo ne -N um be r o f f ac ili tie s vi si te d at re gi on al le ve l -S up po rti ve s up er vi si on re po rt ii. C on du ct tw o m ee tin gs o f t hr ee da ys p er y ea r w ith 2 0 m ul tid is ci pl in ar y pa rti ci pa nt s to pr ep ar e bu dg et -N um be r o f m ee tin gs co nd uc te d pe r y ea r -N um be r o f p ar tic ip an ts at te nd ed -M ee tin g re po rt -A tte nd an ce re gi st er 40 39 3. 2. 1. 2 S tre ng th en m ul ti- se ct or al R eg io na l E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre s to su pp or t M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s by 2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d m ap k ey M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l p er so n in e ac h re gi on -N um be r o f k ey p la ye rs id en tif ie d -M ap pi ng re po rt - ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps to p re pa re th e R eg io na l M ul ti- se ct or al E O C p la ns an d st an da rd op er at in g pr oc ed ur es N um be r o f S O P ’s de ve lo pe d W or ks ho p re po rt iii . C on du ct o rie nt at io n w or ks ho p to M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l po in ts o n de ve lo pe d S ta nd ar d O pe ra tin g P ro ce du re s N um be r o f p er so nn el or ie nt ed -W or ks ho p re po rt -A tte nd an ce re gi st er s iv . C on du ct re gi on al di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs to M ul ti- se ct or al D is tri ct m an ag em en t t ea m s N um be r o f D is tri ct s or ie nt ed -D is se m in at io n M ee tin g re po rts 3. 2. 2 E ns ur e av ai la bi lit y of ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce (e m er ge nc y re sp on de rs ) o rie nt ed in m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth 3. 2. 2. 1 A de qu at e hu m an re so ur ce o n em er ge nc y re sp on se re cr ui te d an d or ie nt ed in M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s at S ub na tio na l Le ve l b y 20 27 i. C on du ct h um an re so ur ce n ee ds as se ss m en t a t su bn at io na l l ev el -N um be r o f n ee ds as se ss m en t c on du ct ed -A ss es sm en t r ep or t ii. P re pa re jo in t i nv en to ry of p er so nn el re qu ire d fo r p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se a t a ll le ve ls -J oi nt in ve nt or y pr ep ar ed -N um be r o f p er so nn el in th e In ve nt or y -In ve nt or y of tr ai ne d pe rs on ne l iii . R ec ru itm en t o f ad eq ua te p er so nn el pe r n ee ds a t a ll le ve ls to s up po rt M ul ti- -N um be r o f p er so nn el re cr ui te d -E m pl oy m en t c on tra ct 40 C ha lle ng es at S ub na tio na ll ev el se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s iv . C on du ct tra in in g to or ie nt pe rs on ne lo n M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng an d re - em er gi ng he al th th re at s -N um be ro fp er so nn el or ie nt ed -T ra in in g R ep or ts -A tte nd an ce re gi st er s S tr at eg ic p ill ar 4 – R es ea rc h a n d d ev el o p m en t S tr at eg ic g o al – T o im p ro ve t h e h ea lt h o f h u m an s, a n im al s an d t h e en vi ro n m en t th ro u g h e vi d en ce -b as ed p o lic y ad vi so ri es O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity o f O H re se ar ch 4. 1. 1 E ng ag e re le va nt O H st ak eh ol de rs to de ve lo p O H re se ar ch ag en da 4. 1. 1. 1 Id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch p rio rit ie s by Ju ne 20 23 . Id en tif y O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs -L is to fs ta ke ho ld er s -L is t o f O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs in p la ce C on du ct O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ap pi ng E st ab lis h TW G s to id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s -M ap s of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs N um be ro fT W G s es ta bl is he d - M ap s of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs in p la ce To R s fo rT W G s in p la ce C on du ct W or ks ho p to de ve lo p na tio na lO ne H ea lth re se ar ch a ge nd a N um be ro fr es ea rc h ag en da de ve lo pe d W or ks ho p pr oc ee di ng s 41 40 C ha lle ng es a t S ub na tio na l l ev el se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng h ea lth th re at s iv . C on du ct tr ai ni ng to or ie nt p er so nn el o n M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth th re at s -N um be r o f p er so nn el or ie nt ed -T ra in in g R ep or ts -A tte nd an ce re gi st er s S tr at eg ic p ill ar 4 – R es ea rc h a n d d ev el o p m en t S tr at eg ic g o al – T o im p ro ve t h e h ea lt h o f h u m an s, a n im al s an d t h e en vi ro n m en t th ro u g h e vi d en ce -b as ed p o lic y ad vi so ri es O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity o f O H re se ar ch 4. 1. 1 E ng ag e re le va nt O H s ta ke ho ld er s to de ve lo p O H re se ar ch ag en da 4. 1. 1. 1 Id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch p rio rit ie s by J un e 20 23 . Id en tif y O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs - L is t o f s ta ke ho ld er s - L is t o f O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs in p la ce C on du ct O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ap pi ng E st ab lis h TW G s to id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s -M ap s of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs N um be r o f T W G s es ta bl is he d - M ap s of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs in p la ce To R s fo r T W G s in p la ce C on du ct W or ks ho p to de ve lo p na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch a ge nd a N um be r o f r es ea rc h ag en da d ev el op ed W or ks ho p pr oc ee di ng s 42 41 4. 1. 1. 2 A lig n In st itu tio na l re se ar ch a ge nd a to n at io na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch a ge nd a by J un e 20 23 S en si tiz e in st itu tio ns to al ig n th ei r r es ea rc h ag en da to th e na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch a ge nd a N um be r o f s en si tiz at io n m ee tin gs c on du ct ed - S en si tiz at io n re po rts in pl ac e 4. 1. 1. 3 P ro m ot e co lla bo ra tiv e re se ar ch p ro je ct s am on g O ne H ea lth re se ar ch s ta ke ho ld er s C on du ct re vi ew w or ks ho ps to a lig n se ct or al re se ar ch ag en da to in cl ud e O ne H ea lth in li ne w ith th e na tio na l a ge nd a -N um be r o f d oc um en ts re vi ew ed -N at io na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch a ge nd a de ve lo pe d -P rin te d co pi es o f t he de ve lo pe d an d re vi se d do cu m en ts 4. 1. 2 P ro m ot e co lla bo ra tiv e re se ar ch pr oj ec ts a m on g O ne H ea lth re se ar ch st ak eh ol de rs 4. 1. 2. 1 C re at e an d m ai nt ai n an in ve nt or y of a va ila bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne by J un e 20 27 C re at e an in ve nt or y of av ai la bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne H ea lth -1 in ve nt or y of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch re so ur ce s in p la ce -In ve nt or y of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch re so ur ce s in p la ce 4. 1. 2. 2 D ev el op c ol la bo ra tiv e pr op os al s ad dr es si ng O ne H ea lth p rio rit ie s am on g pa rti ci pa tin g in st itu tio ns b y Ju ne 2 02 7 C re at e R es ea rc h G ro up s to re sp on d to v ar io us c al ls fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch es -N um be r o f c ol la bo ra tiv e O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr op os al s de ve lo pe d an d su bm itt ed fo r f un di ng -N um be r o f o n- go in g O ne H ea lth p ro je ct s -N um be r o f c ol la bo ra tiv e ag re em en ts s ig ne d -N um be r o f n ew ly es ta bl is he d re se ar ch gr ou ps a dd re ss in g O ne H ea lth -F un de r/S po ns or co m m un ic at io ns -S ig ne d co lla bo ra tiv e ag re em en ts -S ig ne d gr an ts c on tra ct s 4. 1. 3 D ev el op n ew an d ut ili ze e xi st in g re se ar ch fo ru m s fo r di ss em in at io n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch 4. 1. 3. 1 D ev el op n ew O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m b y Ju ne 2 02 7 4. 1. 3. 2 In cr ea se p ar tic ip at io n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch er s in re se ar ch fo ru m s (e .g ., TP H A , i. D ev el op M oU fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m -M oU d ev el op ed -O ne -H ea lth re se ar ch er s’ fo ru m la un ch ed -R eg is tra tio n ce rti fic at e -N um be r o f s ig ne d M oU s -C er tif ic at e of re gi st ra tio n in pl ac e -L au nc hi ng re po rt -C on fe re nc e pr oc ee di ng s in pl ac e ii. R eg is te r n ew ly de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth fo ru m to a re le va nt re gu la to ry b od y 42 TV A , T A W IR I, N IM R e tc .) to di ss em in at e O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fi nd in gs by Ju ne 20 27 iii .L au nc hi ng an d op er at io na liz e th e de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m -N um be ro fO ne H ea lth re se ar ch g ro up s se ns iti ze d -N um be ro fp re se nt at io ns at re se ar ch di ss em in at io n ev en ts pe ra nn um -N um be ro fc on fe re nc e pr oc ee di ng s iv .S en si tiz e va rio us O ne H ea lth re se ar ch g ro up s to d is se m in at e re se ar ch fin di ng s in d iff er en t fo ru m s v. P re se nt re se ar ch fin di ng s fro m va rio us O ne H ea lth R es ea rc h G ro up s in re se ar ch fo ru m s 4. 1. 4 U til iz e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es 4. 1. 4. 1 In cr ea se n um be ro f te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to a dd re ss O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es b y Ju ne 2 02 7. i. Id en tif y, re vi ew an d se le ct te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth -N um be ro ft ec hn ol og ie s an d in no va tio ns id en tif ie d, re vi ew ed a nd s el ec te d -L is to ft ec hn ol og ie s an in no va tio n in u se ii. R ol lo ut th e se le ct ed te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to a dd re ss O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es -N um be ro ft ec hn ol og ie s an d in no va tio ns de pl oy ed . -R ep or ts of th e te ch no lo gi ca l/i nn ov at io ns ro ll ou t 43 42 TV A , T A W IR I, N IM R e tc .) to di ss em in at e O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fi nd in gs b y Ju ne 20 27 iii . L au nc hi ng a nd op er at io na liz e th e de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m -N um be r o f O ne H ea lth re se ar ch g ro up s se ns iti ze d -N um be r o f p re se nt at io ns at re se ar ch d is se m in at io n ev en ts p er a nn um -N um be r o f c on fe re nc e pr oc ee di ng s iv . S en si tiz e va rio us O ne H ea lth re se ar ch g ro up s to d is se m in at e re se ar ch fin di ng s in d iff er en t fo ru m s v. P re se nt re se ar ch fin di ng s fro m v ar io us O ne H ea lth R es ea rc h G ro up s in re se ar ch fo ru m s 4. 1. 4 U til iz e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es 4. 1. 4. 1 In cr ea se n um be r o f te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to a dd re ss O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es b y Ju ne 2 02 7. i. Id en tif y, re vi ew a nd se le ct te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth -N um be r o f t ec hn ol og ie s an d in no va tio ns id en tif ie d, re vi ew ed a nd s el ec te d -L is t o f t ec hn ol og ie s an in no va tio n in u se ii. R ol l o ut th e se le ct ed te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to a dd re ss O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es -N um be r o f t ec hn ol og ie s an d in no va tio ns d ep lo ye d. -R ep or ts o f t he te ch no lo gi ca l/i nn ov at io ns ro ll ou t 44 43 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 5 : A w ar en es s, A d vo ca cy a n d C o m m u n ic at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : E n h an ce a w ar en es s, a d vo ca cy a n d c o m m u n ic at io n o n O n e H ea lt h f o r p ro fe ss io n al s, p o lic y m ak er s an d t h e co m m u n it y O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 5. 1 To in cr ea se aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth a t c om m un ity le ve l 5. 1. 1 D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IC E m at er ia ls fo r in cr ea si ng a w ar en es s to d iff er en t O ne H ea lth ac to rs 5. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op a nd p rin t I C E pr om ot io n m at er ia ls fo r in cr ea si ng a w ar en es s on O ne H ea lth b y 20 27 i. C on du ct p re lim in ar y m ee tin g to id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs a nd p la n fo r t he w or ks ho ps to de ve lo p IC E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io na l m at er ia ls -M ee tin g co nd uc te d -L is t o f a tte nd ee s ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r d ev el op in g ze ro dr af t o f I C E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls N um be r o f I C E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls d ev el op ed W or ks ho p re po rts iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r f in al iz in g IC E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls -T yp es o f I C E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls de ve lo pe d -IC E O ne H ea lth -P rin te d IC E M at er ia ls in pl ac e -T yp es o f I E C m at er ia ls in pl ac e iv . P rin t I C E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls pr in te d 5. 1. 1. 2 D is se m in at e IC E a nd O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls fo r i nc re as in g aw ar en es s by 2 02 7 i. D is tri bu te IC E O ne H ea lth P ro m ot io na l m at er ia ls to re gi on s an d di st ric ts -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts w he re IC E O ne H ea lth p ro m ot io n m at er ia ls w er e di st rib ut ed -D is pa tc h of m at er ia ls ha nd ed o ve r t o th e re gi on s an d di st ric ts ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs fo r n at io na l, re gi on al d ec is io n m ak er s -N um be r o f d is se m in at io n m ee tin gs c on du ct ed a t di ffe re nt le ve ls -D is se m in at io n re po rt 44 iii . To c on du ct 20 di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s fo rO ne H ea lth a ct or s -N um be ro fs ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s -P ar tic ip an ta tte nd an ce re gi st er S en si tiz e th e pu bl ic an d m ed ia on O ne H ea lth th ro ug h m ed ia an d ot he rf or um 5. 1. 1. 1 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n ac tiv iti es d ur in g gl ob al an d na tio na l co m m em or at io n O ne H ea lth re la te d da ys (s uc h as W A A W ,W or ld ra bi es da y, W or ld E nv iro nm en tD ay )b y 20 27 i. P re pa re O ne H ea lth gl ob al an d na tio na l co m m em or at io n da ys an nu al ca le nd ar . -O ne H ea lth g lo ba la nd na tio na lc om m em or at io n da ys ca le nd ar in pl ac e -N um be ro fO ne H ea lth re la te d da ys w he re O H aw ar en es s ac tiv iti es w er e co nd uc te d -N um be ro fr eg io ns an d di st ric ts th at co m m em or at ed O H re la te d da ys -C al en da r -E ve nt re po rts ii. Fa ci lit at e st ak eh ol de rs to c on du ct O ne H ea lth aw ar en es s du rin g O H da ys 5. 1. 1. 2 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns to th e co m m un ity a nd re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs b y 20 27 M ob ili ze s ta ke ho ld er s to co nd uc tO H se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns -N um be ro f m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns ca rr ie d ou tb y di ffe re nt st ak eh ol de rs -N um be ro fs ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa te d du rin g se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns fo r ea ch d is tri ct -M in ut es of m ee tin gs /r ep or t of ca m pa ig ns -P ar tic ip an ta tte nd an ce re gi st er s 5. 1. 1. 3 C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin g, se ns iti za tio n an d en ga ge m en tb y 20 27 i. C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin gs w ith jo ur na lis ts -N um be ro fm ed ia br ie fin gs he ld on O H S en si tiz at io n/ en ga ge m en t re po rt ii. C on du ct m ed ia se ns iti za tio n -N um be ro fs en si tiz at io n w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d on O H M ed ia b rie fin gs re po rt 45 44 iii . To c on du ct 2 0 di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s fo r O ne H ea lth a ct or s -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er S en si tiz e th e pu bl ic an d m ed ia o n O ne H ea lth th ro ug h m ed ia an d ot he r f or um 5. 1. 1. 1 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n ac tiv iti es d ur in g gl ob al a nd n at io na l co m m em or at io n O ne H ea lth re la te d da ys (s uc h as W A A W , W or ld ra bi es d ay , W or ld E nv iro nm en t D ay ) b y 20 27 i. P re pa re O ne H ea lth gl ob al a nd n at io na l co m m em or at io n da ys an nu al c al en da r. -O ne H ea lth g lo ba l a nd na tio na l c om m em or at io n da ys c al en da r i n pl ac e -N um be r o f O ne H ea lth re la te d da ys w he re O H aw ar en es s ac tiv iti es w er e co nd uc te d -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts th at co m m em or at ed O H re la te d da ys -C al en da r -E ve nt re po rts ii. Fa ci lit at e st ak eh ol de rs to c on du ct O ne H ea lth aw ar en es s du rin g O H da ys 5. 1. 1. 2 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns to th e co m m un ity a nd re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs b y 20 27 M ob ili ze s ta ke ho ld er s to co nd uc t O H s en si tiz at io n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns -N um be r o f m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns ca rr ie d ou t b y di ffe re nt st ak eh ol de rs -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa te d du rin g se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns fo r ea ch d is tri ct -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs / r ep or t of c am pa ig ns -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er s 5. 1. 1. 3 C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin g, s en si tiz at io n an d en ga ge m en t b y 20 27 i. C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin gs w ith jo ur na lis ts -N um be r o f m ed ia br ie fin gs h el d on O H S en si tiz at io n/ en ga ge m en t re po rt ii. C on du ct m ed ia se ns iti za tio n -N um be r o f s en si tiz at io n w or ks ho ps c on du ct ed o n O H M ed ia b rie fin gs re po rt 46 45 w or ks ho ps to jo ur na lis ts iii . C on du ct e ng ag em en t ac tiv iti es w ith jo ur na lis ts -T yp es o f m ed ia se ns iti ze d on O H -N um be r o f m ed ia o ut le ts pa rti ci pa te d Li st o f j ou rn al is ts /m ed ia ho us es p ar tic ip at ed 5. 2 To e nh an ce ad vo ca cy o n O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch to p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs 5. 2. 1 S ec ur e hi gh - le ve l b uy -in a nd su pp or t f or O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es fr om po lic y, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs 5. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct a dv oc ac y m ee tin gs a nd /o r w or ks ho ps to p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs a t n at io na l a nd su b- na tio na l l ev el b y 20 27 C on du ct m ee tin gs / w or ks ho ps w ith p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s -N um be r o f m ee tin gs an d/ or w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d w ith e ac h ca te go ry o f s ta ke ho ld er -N um be r o f m ee tin gs an d/ or w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d w ith st ak eh ol de r a t d iff er en t le ve ls (n at io na l, re gi on al , di st ric t) -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs -W or ks ho p re po rts -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er s 5. 2. 2 D ev el op in g, di ss em in at in g, a nd op er at io na liz in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y 5. 2. 2. 1 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs to d ev el op ad vo ca cy g ui de lin es -N um be r o f p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs c on du ct ed to de ve lo p ad vo ca cy gu id el in es -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e N um be r o f w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d to d ev el op ad vo ca cy g ui de lin es -R ep or ts o f w or ks ho p iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth -F in al d ra ft of O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e -P rin te d O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e v. A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 46 5. 2. 2. 1 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. C on du ct p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs to d ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -N um be r o f p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs c on du ct ed to de ve lo p ad vo ca cy to ol ki t -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -N um be r o f w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d to d ev el op ad vo ca cy to ol ki t R ep or ts o f w or ks ho p iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -F in al d ra ft of O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t P rin te d O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 5. 2. 2. 2 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es by 2 02 7 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y gu id el in es to re gi on s an d di st ric ts -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts w he re O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y -D is pa tc h of m at er ia ls ha nd ed o ve r t o th e re gi on s an d di st ric ts ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n co nf er en ce fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es G ui de lin es w er e di st rib ut ed -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es d is se m in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s -D is se m in at io n re po rt -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er 5. 2. 2. 3 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t t o re gi on s an d di st ric ts -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts w he re O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki ts w er e di st rib ut ed -D is pa tc h of m at er ia ls ha nd ed o ve r t o th e re gi on s an d di st ric ts 47 46 5. 2. 2. 1 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. C on du ct p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs to d ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -N um be r o f p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs c on du ct ed to de ve lo p ad vo ca cy to ol ki t -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -N um be r o f w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d to d ev el op ad vo ca cy to ol ki t R ep or ts o f w or ks ho p iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t -F in al d ra ft of O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t P rin te d O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 5. 2. 2. 2 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es by 2 02 7 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y gu id el in es to re gi on s an d di st ric ts -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts w he re O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y -D is pa tc h of m at er ia ls ha nd ed o ve r t o th e re gi on s an d di st ric ts ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n co nf er en ce fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es G ui de lin es w er e di st rib ut ed -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es d is se m in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s -D is se m in at io n re po rt -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er 5. 2. 2. 3 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t t o re gi on s an d di st ric ts -N um be r o f r eg io ns a nd di st ric ts w he re O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki ts w er e di st rib ut ed -D is pa tc h of m at er ia ls ha nd ed o ve r t o th e re gi on s an d di st ric ts 48 47 ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s fo r d is se m in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki ts di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s -D is se m in at io n re po rt -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er 5. 3 S tre ng th en co m m un ic at io n sy st em s an d ca pa ci ty a m on g O ne H ea lth k ey st ak eh ol de rs a t a ll le ve ls 5. 3. 1 D ev el op a nd D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy 5. 3. 1. 1 P re pa re O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. C on du ct p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs to d ev el op O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy -N um be r o f p re pa ra to ry m ee tin gs c on du ct ed -M in ut es o f m ee tin gs ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r d ev el op in g O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy -N um be r o f w or ks ho ps /s em in ar s ca rr ie d ou t W or ks ho p re po rts a nd pr oc ee di ng s iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r fin al iz in g O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy -L is t o f p ar tic ip an ts iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy -C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy in p la ce P rin te d st ra te gy c op ie s 5. 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy th ro ug h w or ks ho ps / s em in ar by 2 02 7 i. La un ch O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s at te nd ed th e la un ch o f O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy -O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy la un ch re po rt 48 ii. C on du ct fiv e di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs on O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy -N um be ro fs ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth c om m un ic at io n st ra te gy d is se m in at io n -N um be ro fs ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs -P ar tic ip an ta tte nd an ce re gi st er s iii . D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy to s ta ke ho ld er s N um be ro fO ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gi es di ss em in at ed to st ak eh ol de rs 5. 3. 2 C re at io n an d op er at io na liz at io n O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g sy st em at al ll ev el s 5. 3. 2. 1 D ev el op w eb p or ta l on O ne H ea lth da ta an d in fo rm at io n by 20 27 i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin gs on d ev el op in g w eb -p or ta l - M ee tin gs co nd uc te d -M in ut es of m ee tin g ii. E ng ag e a co ns ul ta nt to de ve lo p w eb -p or ta l -W eb p or ta li n pl ac e C on tra ct an d te rm s of re fe re nc e be tw ee n O H S an d th e co ns ul ta nt -D at a sh ee ts fro m O ne H ea lth d at ab as e -S ig ne d co nt ra ct 5. 3. 2. 2 O pe ra tio na liz e w eb po rta lo n O ne H ea lth da ta an d in fo rm at io n by 20 27 P ro cu re s of tw ar e fo rt he w eb -p or ta l In st al le d so ftw ar e S of tw ar e pr oc ur em en t do cu m en t 49 48 ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs on O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in O ne H ea lth c om m un ic at io n st ra te gy d is se m in at io n -N um be r o f s ta ke ho ld er s pa rti ci pa tin g in di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs -P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce re gi st er s iii . D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy to s ta ke ho ld er s N um be r o f O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gi es di ss em in at ed to st ak eh ol de rs 5. 3. 2 C re at io n an d op er at io na liz at io n O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g sy st em a t a ll le ve ls 5. 3. 2. 1 D ev el op w eb p or ta l on O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin gs o n de ve lo pi ng w eb -p or ta l - M ee tin gs c on du ct ed -M in ut es o f m ee tin g ii. E ng ag e a co ns ul ta nt to de ve lo p w eb -p or ta l -W eb p or ta l i n pl ac e C on tra ct a nd te rm s of re fe re nc e be tw ee n O H S an d th e co ns ul ta nt -D at a sh ee ts fr om O ne H ea lth d at ab as e -S ig ne d co nt ra ct 5. 3. 2. 2 O pe ra tio na liz e w eb po rta l o n O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 P ro cu re s of tw ar e fo r t he w eb -p or ta l In st al le d so ftw ar e S of tw ar e pr oc ur em en t do cu m en t 50 49 S tr at eg ic P ill ar 6 – T ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n G o al : E n h an ce t ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n o n O n e H ea lt h A p p ro ac h f o r p re a n d in -s er vi ce p er so n n el in h u m an , a n im al a n d t h e en vi ro n m en ta l h ea lt h s ec to rs O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s In d ic at o r M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n 6. 1 E nh an ce k no w le dg e an d sk ill s on O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h th ro ug h in - se rv ic e an d pr e- se rv ic e tra in in gs fr om n at io na l t o di st ric t l ev el . 6. 1. 1 E ng ag e tra in in g an d ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es , R eg ul at or y an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s in s up po rti ng O ne H ea lth in te gr at ed tra in in gs 6. 1. 1. 1 O ne , H ea lth e ng ag em en t m ee tin g fo r T ra in in g an d E du ca tio n In st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or y an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s ho st ed a nn ua lly . i. P re pa re O ne , O H en ga ge m en t m ee tin gs fo r T ra in in g an d E du ca tio n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or y an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s •N um be r of m ee tin gs ho st ed -M ee tin g m in ut es / R ep or ts -P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce li st -A ct iv ity re po rts ii. H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r S ec to r M in is tri es , tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l, in st itu tio ns fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es . iii . H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r r eg ul at or y bo di es an d pr of es si on al b od ie s fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es . 6. 1. 1. 2 G ap s fo r O H a pp ro ac h id en tif ie d by Ju ne 2 02 3 i. P re pa re M ee tin g fo r id en tif ic at io n of g ap s fo r O H a pp ro ac h •N um be r of m ee tin gs f or O H g ap s id en tif ie d •M in ut es o f t he M ee tin g •P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce li st •O H A pp ro ac h Tr ai ni ng G ap R ep or t ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to id en tif y ga ps fo r O H a pp ro ac h 50 6. 1. 1. 3 Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch ga ps re vi ew ed an d in co rp or at ed in n ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a by J un e 20 23 i. P la n M ee tin g fo r C on du ct in g te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch g ap s •N um be ro fn ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a in co rp or at in g re vi ew ed O H ga ps •M in ut es of th e M ee tin g •P ar tic ip an ts at te nd an ce li st •O H A pp ro ac h G ap s R ev ie w R ep or t •C ur ric ul ar w ith in co rp or at ed O H ga ps ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch g ap s. iii .D is se m in at e re vi ew ed tra in in g cu rr ic ul a w ith O H tra in in g pa ck ag e 6. 1. 1. 4 Tr ai ni ng o f t ra in er s fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h co nd uc te d by J un e 20 24 i. P re pa re T ra in in g m at er ia l f or Tr ai ni ng of Tr ai ne rs (T oT )f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h •N um be ro fT oT s tra in ed on O ne H ea lth •T oT T ra in in g R ep or t •P ar tic ip an ta tte nd an ce li st s ii. P ro cu re tr ai ni ng m at er ia ls fo rT ra in in g of Tr ai ne rs (T oT )f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h iii .C on du ct Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT )f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h iv .A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H A pp ro ac h To T tra in in g 51 50 6. 1. 1. 3 Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch g ap s re vi ew ed a nd in co rp or at ed in n ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a by J un e 20 23 i. P la n M ee tin g fo r C on du ct in g te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H a pp ro ac h ga ps •N um be r o f n ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a in co rp or at in g re vi ew ed O H g ap s •M in ut es o f t he M ee tin g •P ar tic ip an ts a tte nd an ce li st •O H A pp ro ac h G ap s R ev ie w R ep or t •C ur ric ul ar w ith in co rp or at ed O H g ap s ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H a pp ro ac h ga ps . iii . D is se m in at e re vi ew ed tra in in g cu rr ic ul a w ith O H tr ai ni ng p ac ka ge 6. 1. 1. 4 Tr ai ni ng o f t ra in er s fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h co nd uc te d by J un e 20 24 i. P re pa re T ra in in g m at er ia l f or T ra in in g of Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h •N um be r o f T oT s tra in ed on O ne H ea lth •T oT T ra in in g R ep or t •P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce li st s ii. P ro cu re tr ai ni ng m at er ia ls fo r T ra in in g of Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h iii . C on du ct T ra in in g of Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H A pp ro ac h To T tra in in g 52 51 6. 1. 1. 5 Tr ai ni ng o n O H A pp ro ac h fo r 3 45 0 pr e- se rv ic e tra in ee s an d 20 00 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l c on du ct ed by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tr ai ni ng p la n fo r O H A pp ro ac h fo r tra in in g of 3 45 0 pr e- se rv ic e tra in ee s an d 20 00 in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l •N um be r o f i n- se rv ic e an d pr e- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l tra in ed •P re -s er vi ce T ra in in g R ep or t •I n- se rv ic e Tr ai ni ng R ep or t •P ar tic ip an t a tte nd an ce li st s ii. P ro cu re tr ai ni ng m at er ia ls fo r T ra in in g of Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) f or O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h iii . C on du ct tr ai ni ng o n O H A pp ro ac h fo r 3 45 0 pr e- se rv ic e tra in ee s iv . C on du ct tr ai ni ng o n O H A pp ro ac h fo r 2 00 0 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l v. A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of P re -s er vi ce a nd In - se rv ic e O H tr ai ni ng s 6. 1. 1. 6 Fi ve C P D s ho rt co ur se fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l o n O H A pp ro ac h de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op fi ve C P D s ho rt co ur se fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l o n O H A pp ro ac h •N um be r o f O H -A pp ro ac h C P D s ho rt co ur se s de ve lo pe d •N um be r o f O H C P D co nd uc te d •D ev el op ed O H C P D s ho rt co ur se s •O H C P D s ho rt co ur se cu rr ic ul a an d m at er ia ls de ve lo pm en t r ep or t •O H C P D R ep or t •O H C P D p ar tic ip an ts at te nd an ce li st ii. P ro cu re tr ai ni ng m at er ia ls fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C P D tra in in g iii . C on du ct a t l ea st o ne de ve lo pe d m ul tid is ci pl in e an d m ul ti- se ct or al O H C P D tra in in g pr og ra m 52 6. 1. 2 D ev el op Fi el d E xp er ie nt ia l le ar ni ng pr og ra m s fo r on e he al th 6. 1. 2. 1 Tw o S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d by Ju ne 20 27 i. D ev el op tw o S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s •N um be ro fs tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d •S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s •S im ul at io n m od el s A ct iv ity R ep or ts ii. C on du ct tra in in g us in g si m ul at io n m od el s 6. 1. 2. 2 H un dr ed (1 00 ) S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tr ai ni ng an d ed uc at io na lI ns tit ut io ns es ta bl is he d by Ju ne 20 27 i. C on du ct se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs fo r es ta bl is hi ng O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs •N um be ro fS tu de nt s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs es ta bl is he d. •S tu de nt s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs •O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs es ta bl is hm en tr ep or ts ii. E st ab lis h 10 0 S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns iii . S up er vi se O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in in tr ai ni ng a nd ed uc at io na li ns tit ut io ns 6. 1. 2. 3 S tu de nt -le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l/ el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s cr ea te d an nu al ly . i. C re at e st ud en t- le ar ni ng a nd s er vi ce m od el to co nt ro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar •N um be ro fl ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el cr ea te d •D ev el op ed L ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el •L ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el de ve lo pm en tR ep or ts ii. C on du ct st ud en t aw ar en es s cr ea tio n se m in ar on le ar ni ng an d se rv ic e m od el to co nt ro l/ el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar 53 52 6. 1. 2 D ev el op Fi el d E xp er ie nt ia l le ar ni ng pr og ra m s fo r on e he al th 6. 1. 2. 1 Tw o S tu de nt tr ai ni ng si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tw o S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s •N um be r o f s tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d •S tu de nt tr ai ni ng s im ul at io n m od el s •S im ul at io n m od el s A ct iv ity R ep or ts ii. C on du ct tr ai ni ng u si ng si m ul at io n m od el s 6. 1. 2. 2 H un dr ed (1 00 ) S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tr ai ni ng an d ed uc at io na l I ns tit ut io ns es ta bl is he d by J un e 20 27 i. C on du ct s en si tiz at io n m ee tin gs fo r es ta bl is hi ng O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs •N um be r o f S tu de nt s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs e st ab lis he d. •S tu de nt s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs •O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs e st ab lis hm en t r ep or ts ii. E st ab lis h 10 0 S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns iii . S up er vi se O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in in tr ai ni ng a nd ed uc at io na l i ns tit ut io ns 6. 1. 2. 3 S tu de nt -le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us d is ea se ra te s cr ea te d an nu al ly . i. C re at e st ud en t- le ar ni ng a nd s er vi ce m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar •N um be r o f l ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el c re at ed •D ev el op ed L ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el •L ea rn in g an d se rv ic e m od el de ve lo pm en t R ep or ts ii. C on du ct s tu de nt aw ar en es s cr ea tio n se m in ar o n le ar ni ng an d se rv ic e m od el to co nt ro l / e lim in at e in fe ct io us d is ea se ra te s in e ac h ye ar 54 53 iii . U se s tu de nt -le ar ni ng an d se rv ic e m od el to co nt ro l / e lim in at e in fe ct io us d is ea se ra te s in e ac h ye ar 6. 1. 2. 4 N in e R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r c ol la bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W or ld A M R A w ar en es s W ee k, R ab ie s da y) e st ab lis he d at s ub na tio na l l ev el b y Ju ne 2 02 7. i. D ev el op C on ce pt N ot e fo r e st ab lis hi ng R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r c ol la bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at su b na tio na l l ev el •N um be r o f r eg io na ls O H C ha pt er s es ta bl is he d •C on ce pt N ot e on E st ab lis hi ng R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s •E st ab lis he d R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s •R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s E st ab lis hm en t R ep or ts ii. D ev el op A ct io n P la n fo r e st ab lis hi ng 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r c ol la bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at su b na tio na l l ev el iii . E st ab lis h 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at su b na tio na l l ev el 6. 1. 3 E nh an ce st ud en t c en tre d 6. 1. 3. 1 C ur ric ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 23 i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin g fo r d ev el op in g cu rr ic ul a fo r O H •N um be r o f c ur ric ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l t ra in in g •O H re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es 54 le ar ni ng in O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h re m ed ia lt ra in in g m od ul es m od ul es de ve lo pe d/ re vi ew ed . •O H re m ed ia lt ra in in g m od ul es de ve lo pm en t re po rts ii. D is se m in at e cu rr ic ul a fo rO H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es iii . C on du ct O H re m ed ia l tra in in g us in g de ve lo pe d m od ul es iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H re m ed ia l tra in in g cu rr ic ul a 6. 1. 3. 2 Fo ur (4 )T ea ch in g fa ci lit at io n gu id es fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia lt ra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce p er so nn el de ve lo pe d by Ju ne 20 27 . i. D ev el op b ud ge tf or de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng F ac ili ta tio n G ui de s fo rO H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity ,a nd Te ch ni ca lT ra in in g In st itu tio ns •N um be ro ft ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n gu id es de ve lo pe d •T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s •T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s D ev el op m en tR ep or t •O H bo ok s, •O H m an ua l •O H co m pe nd ia •T ra in in g m at er ia ls de ve lo pm en ta ct iv ity re po rts ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng F ac ili ta tio n G ui de s fo rO H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity ,a nd Te ch ni ca lT ra in in g In st itu tio ns 55 54 le ar ni ng in O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es m od ul es de ve lo pe d/ re vi ew ed . •O H re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es d ev el op m en t re po rts ii. D is se m in at e cu rr ic ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es iii . C on du ct O H re m ed ia l tra in in g us in g de ve lo pe d m od ul es iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H re m ed ia l tra in in g cu rr ic ul a 6. 1. 3. 2 Fo ur (4 ) T ea ch in g fa ci lit at io n gu id es fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es , f or p re -s er vi ce a nd in -s er vi ce p er so nn el de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 . i. D ev el op b ud ge t f or de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng F ac ili ta tio n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , a nd Te ch ni ca l T ra in in g In st itu tio ns •N um be r o f t ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n gu id es de ve lo pe d •T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s •T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s D ev el op m en t R ep or t •O H b oo ks , •O H m an ua l •O H c om pe nd ia •T ra in in g m at er ia ls de ve lo pm en t a ct iv ity re po rts ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng F ac ili ta tio n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , a nd Te ch ni ca l T ra in in g In st itu tio ns 56 55 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H pr og ra m ) f or d ev el op in g fo ur (4 ) T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l 6. 3. 3 O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd s ev en (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r p re -s er vi ce an d in -s er vi ce p er so nn el de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op c os te d pl an fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd s ev en (7 ) c om pe nd ia fo r p re - se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd s ev en (7 ) c om pe nd ia fo r p re - se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 56 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H pr og ra m )f or de ve lo pi ng (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 )m an ua la nd se ve n (7 )c om pe nd ia fo rp re -s er vi ce a nd in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l iv . Fa ci lit at e de ve lo pm en t of O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 )m an ua la nd se ve n (7 )c om pe nd ia fo rp re -s er vi ce a nd in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l v. D is se m in at e de ve lo pe d O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 )m an ua la nd se ve n (7 )c om pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 57 56 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H pr og ra m ) f or d ev el op in g (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd se ve n (7 ) c om pe nd ia fo r p re -s er vi ce a nd in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l iv . Fa ci lit at e de ve lo pm en t of O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd se ve n (7 ) c om pe nd ia fo r p re -s er vi ce a nd in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l v. D is se m in at e de ve lo pe d O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p -b oo ks & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd se ve n (7 ) c om pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 58 29 4. RESULTS FRAMEWORK 4.1 Introduction This chapter provides a basis on how various interventions are linked to the Objectives and how they will be monitored; what kind of reviews will be undertaken over the Strategic Planning Cycle; what type of evaluations will be undertaken to show that the interventions have either led or are leading to achievement of the intended outcomes; and how progress of the various interventions will be reported. 4.2 Result Chain A combination of objectives and targets in the Strategic Plan and activities and inputs in the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) form One Health result chain. The basic assumption is that, there is causal linkage in the various elements of OH result chain. The inputs, that is, utilization of resources will lead to achievement of the activities, which will contribute to achievement of outputs. Achievement of outputs will lead to achievement of outcomes. 4.3 The Result Framework Matrix This matrix contains objectives, expected outcomes and indicators. It depicts how the objectives will be achieved and how the results will be measured. The indicators in the matrix will be used to track progress towards achievement of outcomes and objectives. The Result Framework matrix is detailed below: 29 T a b le 3 : R e s u lt s M a tr ix S T R A T E G IC P IL L A R S O B JE C T IV E C O D E O B JE C T IV E E X P E C T E D O U T C O M E S IN D IC A T O R S C o o rd in at io n A 1 . 1 E nh an ce th e op er at io na lc ap ac ity of O ne H ea lth se ct io n i. ii. Im pr ov ed c oo pe ra tio n be tw ee n O H s ec tio n an d se ct or m in is tri es I n fo rm at io n sh ar in g be tw ee n se ct or s. N um be ro fj oi nt m ee tin gs be tw ee n se ct or s an d m in is tri es N um be ro fO H se ct io n st af fa nd fo ca l pe rs on s tra in ed TW G s pe rfo rm an ce a pp ra is al re po rt iii . Im pr ov ed p er fo rm an ce o f O H s ec tio n st af f iv . Im pr ov ed c ol la bo ra tio n an d co m m un ic at io n be tw ee n O H s ec to rs v. Im pr ov ed e ffi ci en cy o fT W G s an d O H se ct io n B 1. 2 In cr ea se re so ur ce s to su pp or t O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es ; i. In cr ea se d fin an ci al su pp or tt o O H pr op os ed pl an s ac ro ss s ec to rs % in cr ea se o fO H fin an ci al ly s up po rte d pr og ra m m es ii. A de qu at e re cr ui te d st af fa cr os s O H se ct or s N um be ro fO H st af fs re cr ui te d C 1. 3 S tre ng th en w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H s ec tio n, lo ca la nd in te rn at io na lO ne H ea lth c on so rti a Im pr ov ed w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H se ct io n, lo ca l an d in te rn at io na lO ne H ea lth co ns or tia -N um be ro fO H co ns or tia m ee tin gs O H se ct io n st af fs p ar tic ip at ed -N um be ro fc ol la bo ra tiv e ac tiv iti es pl an ne d S u rv ei lla n ce , D et ec ti o n a n d C o n tr o l D 2. 1 To st re ng th en jo in ts ur ve ill an ce , of p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R ,a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls i. Im pr ov ed s ur ve ill an ce d at a sh ar in g an d fe ed ba ck ac ro ss s ec to rs N um be ro fs ur ve ill an ce re po rts sh ar ed am on g se ct or s ii. Im pr ov ed q ua lit y an d qu an tit y of su rv ei lla nc e da ta an d ut ili za tio n fo r d ec is io n m ak in g -N o of qu ar te rly su rv ei lla nc e da ta sh ar in g m ee tin gs u nd er ta ke n -N um be ro fs ur ve ill an ce d at a ut ili ze d fo rd ec is io n m ak in g 59 29 4. RESULTS FRAMEWORK 4.1 Introduction This chapter provides a basis on how various interventions are linked to the Objectives and how they will be monitored; what kind of reviews will be undertaken over the Strategic Planning Cycle; what type of evaluations will be undertaken to show that the interventions have either led or are leading to achievement of the intended outcomes; and how progress of the various interventions will be reported. 4.2 Result Chain A combination of objectives and targets in the Strategic Plan and activities and inputs in the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) form One Health result chain. The basic assumption is that, there is causal linkage in the various elements of OH result chain. The inputs, that is, utilization of resources will lead to achievement of the activities, which will contribute to achievement of outputs. Achievement of outputs will lead to achievement of outcomes. 4.3 The Result Framework Matrix This matrix contains objectives, expected outcomes and indicators. It depicts how the objectives will be achieved and how the results will be measured. The indicators in the matrix will be used to track progress towards achievement of outcomes and objectives. The Result Framework matrix is detailed below: 29 T a b le 3 : R e s u lt s M a tr ix S T R A T E G IC P IL L A R S O B JE C T IV E C O D E O B JE C T IV E E X P E C T E D O U T C O M E S IN D IC A T O R S C o o rd in at io n A 1. 1 E nh an ce th e op er at io na l c ap ac ity of O ne H ea lth s ec tio n i. ii. Im pr ov ed c oo pe ra tio n be tw ee n O H s ec tio n an d se ct or m in is tri es In fo rm at io n sh ar in g be tw ee n se ct or s. N um be r o f j oi nt m ee tin gs b et w ee n se ct or s an d m in is tri es N um be r o f O H s ec tio n st af f a nd fo ca l pe rs on s tra in ed TW G s pe rfo rm an ce a pp ra is al re po rt iii . Im pr ov ed p er fo rm an ce o f O H s ec tio n st af f iv . Im pr ov ed c ol la bo ra tio n an d co m m un ic at io n be tw ee n O H s ec to rs v. Im pr ov ed e ffi ci en cy o f T W G s an d O H s ec tio n B 1. 2 In cr ea se re so ur ce s to s up po rt O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es ; i. In cr ea se d fin an ci al s up po rt to O H p ro po se d pl an s ac ro ss s ec to rs % in cr ea se o f O H fi na nc ia lly s up po rte d pr og ra m m es ii. A de qu at e re cr ui te d st af f a cr os s O H s ec to rs N um be r o f O H s ta ffs re cr ui te d C 1. 3 S tre ng th en w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H s ec tio n, lo ca l a nd in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a Im pr ov ed w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H s ec tio n, lo ca l an d in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a -N um be r o f O H c on so rti a m ee tin gs O H se ct io n st af fs p ar tic ip at ed -N um be r o f c ol la bo ra tiv e ac tiv iti es pl an ne d S u rv ei lla n ce , D et ec ti o n a n d C o n tr o l D 2. 1 To s tre ng th en jo in t s ur ve ill an ce , of p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls i. Im pr ov ed s ur ve ill an ce d at a sh ar in g an d fe ed ba ck ac ro ss s ec to rs N um be r o f s ur ve ill an ce re po rts s ha re d am on g se ct or s ii. Im pr ov ed q ua lit y an d qu an tit y of s ur ve ill an ce d at a an d ut ili za tio n fo r d ec is io n m ak in g - N o of q ua rte rly s ur ve ill an ce d at a sh ar in g m ee tin gs u nd er ta ke n - N um be r o f s ur ve ill an ce d at a ut ili ze d fo r d ec is io n m ak in g 6030 iii . In cr ea se d en ga ge m en t a nd p ar tic ip at io n of co m m un ity in s ur ve ill an ce a nd re po rti ng P er ce nt ag e of q ua lit y su rv ei lla nc e da ta E 2. 2 To s tre ng th en , p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic he al th th re at s at a ll le ve ls i. E nh an ce d im pl em en ta tio n of p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l st ra te gi es fo r p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R , an d ot he r p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls P er ce nt ag e in cr ea se in c ov er ag e of va cc in at io n ag ai ns t P ZD ii. Im pr ov ed c ap ac ity o f p er so nn el in p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R , a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls N o of p er so nn el tr ai ne d on p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f P ZD s, A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth e ve nt s iii . In cr ea se d aw ar en es s an d en ga ge m en t o f a ct or s in pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls N o of p er so nn el tr ai ne d an d en ga ge d on p re ve nt io n an d co nt ro l o f P ZD s, A M R a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth e ve nt s F 2. 3 To e nh an ce p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as e de te ct io n ca pa ci ty a t n at io na l (1 00 % ), zo na l/r eg io na l ( 60 % ) a nd di st ric t ( 30 % ) l ev el s i. Im pr ov ed la bo ra to ry c ap ac ity to d et ec t p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth th re at s at a ll le ve ls N um be r o f l ab or at or ie s w ith c ap ac ity to de te ct p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic d is ea se s, A M R , a nd o th er p ub lic h ea lth th re at s ii. Im pr ov ed in te r- se ct or al la bo ra to ry s ha rin g of in fo rm at io n fo r i nf or m ed d ec is io n m ak in g iii . Im pr ov ed b io sa fe ty a nd b io se cu rit y m ea su re s - N um be r o f l ab or at or y re po rts s ha re d am on g se ct or s - N o of q ua rte rly la bo ra to ry d at a sh ar in g m ee tin gs u nd er ta ke n - N um be r o f f ac ili tie s im pl em en tin g bi or is k m an ag em en t - N um be r o f f ac ili tie s w ith b io ris k m an ag em en t m an ua l P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se G 3. 1 S tre ng th en fr am ew or ks fo r m ul ti- se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se to e m er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts M ec ha ni sm fo r m ul ti- se ct or al P re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks a va ila bl e at a ll le ve ls N um be r o f C oo rd in at ed m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y re sp on se s to e m er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts 31 H 3. 2 S tre ng th en op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to e m er gi ng an d re -e m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed Th re at s at al ll ev el s i. In cr ea se d nu m be ro fF un ct io na lm ul ti- se ct or al E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na lC en tre s at su b na tio na ll ev el N um be ro fF un ct io na lm ul ti- se ct or al E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na lC en tre s at su b na tio na ll ev el s ii. Im pr ov ed p ar tic ip at io n of re sp on se c om m itt ee s in m ul ti- se ct or al ap pr oa ch a ts ub na tio na ll ev el N um be ro fm ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se m ee tin gs at su bn at io na ll ev el s R es ea rc h a n d D ev el o p m en t I 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity of O H re se ar ch i. Im pr ov ed O H re se ar ch c ol la bo ra tio ns w ith in a nd ou ts id e Ta nz an ia Th e nu m be ro fc ol la bo ra tiv e pr oj ec ts ii. In cr ea se d fu nd in g to s up po rt O H re se ar ch a ct iv iti es % of fis ca lb ud ge ta llo ca tio n fo rO H re se ar ch in li ne m in is try iii . Te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O H ch al le ng es ge ne ra te d N ew in no va tio ns /te ch no lo gi es de ve lo pe d A w ar en es s, A d vo ca cy a n d C o m m u n ic at io n J 5. 1 In cr ea se aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth a tc om m un ity le ve l A w ar en es s of th e co m m un ity m em be rs re ga rd in g di ffe re nt O ne H ea lth m at te rs in cr ea se d % of co m m un ity m em be rs w ho a re aw ar e of d iff er en t O H m at te rs K 5. 2 E nh an ce ad vo ca cy on O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch to po lic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he rs ta ke ho ld er s A pp re ci at io n on th e im po rta nc e of O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h am on g po lic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs im pr ov ed % of po lic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he rs ta ke ho ld er s w ho ap pr ec ia te th e O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h L 5. 3 S tre ng th en co m m un ic at io n sy st em s an d ca pa ci ty a m on g O ne H ea lth k ey st ak eh ol de rs at al ll ev el s O ne H ea lth in fo rm at io n sh ar in g m ec ha ni sm am on g, se ct or m in is tri es a nd o th er re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs st re ng th en ed . N um be ro fs ec to rm in is tri es an d ot he r re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs sh ar in g O ne H ea lth In fo rm at io n T ra in in g a n d E d u ca ti o n M 6. 1 E nh an ce kn ow le dg e, sk ill s an d pr ac tic e on O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h th ro ug h in -s er vi ce a nd p re -s er vi ce tra in in gs fr om n at io na l t o di st ric t l ev el . In cr ea se d un de rs ta nd in g an d ad op tio n of O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C on ce pt am on g po lic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d th e co m m un ity . P ro po rti on o fp ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d th e co m m un ity w ith c le ar un de rs ta nd in g an d ad op tin g O H A pp ro ac h C on ce pt . 6131 H 3. 2 S tre ng th en o pe ra tio na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al p re pa re dn es s an d re sp on se fr am ew or ks to e m er gi ng an d re -e m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed Th re at s at a ll le ve ls i. In cr ea se d nu m be r o f F un ct io na l m ul ti- se ct or al E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre s at s ub n at io na l l ev el N um be r o f F un ct io na l m ul ti- se ct or al E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre s at s ub na tio na l l ev el s ii. Im pr ov ed p ar tic ip at io n of re sp on se c om m itt ee s in m ul ti- se ct or al a pp ro ac h at s ub na tio na l l ev el N um be r o f m ul ti- se ct or al e m er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se m ee tin gs a t su bn at io na l l ev el s R es ea rc h a n d D ev el o p m en t I 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity o f O H re se ar ch i. Im pr ov ed O H re se ar ch c ol la bo ra tio ns w ith in a nd ou ts id e Ta nz an ia Th e nu m be r o f c ol la bo ra tiv e pr oj ec ts ii. In cr ea se d fu nd in g to s up po rt O H re se ar ch a ct iv iti es % o f f is ca l b ud ge t a llo ca tio n fo r O H re se ar ch in li ne m in is try iii . Te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O H c ha lle ng es ge ne ra te d N ew in no va tio ns /te ch no lo gi es de ve lo pe d A w ar en es s, A d vo ca cy a n d C o m m u n ic at io n J 5. 1 In cr ea se a w ar en es s on O ne H ea lth a t c om m un ity le ve l A w ar en es s of th e co m m un ity m em be rs re ga rd in g di ffe re nt O ne H ea lth m at te rs in cr ea se d % o f c om m un ity m em be rs w ho a re aw ar e of d iff er en t O H m at te rs K 5. 2 E nh an ce a dv oc ac y on O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch to p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s A pp re ci at io n on th e im po rta nc e of O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h am on g po lic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs im pr ov ed % o f p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s w ho a pp re ci at e th e O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h L 5. 3 S tre ng th en c om m un ic at io n sy st em s an d ca pa ci ty a m on g O ne H ea lth k ey s ta ke ho ld er s at a ll le ve ls O ne H ea lth in fo rm at io n sh ar in g m ec ha ni sm a m on g, se ct or m in is tri es a nd o th er re le va nt s ta ke ho ld er s st re ng th en ed . N um be r o f s ec to r m in is tri es a nd o th er re le va nt s ta ke ho ld er s sh ar in g O ne H ea lth In fo rm at io n T ra in in g a n d E d u ca ti o n M 6. 1 E nh an ce k no w le dg e, s ki lls a nd pr ac tic e on O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h th ro ug h in -s er vi ce a nd p re -s er vi ce tra in in gs fr om n at io na l t o di st ric t l ev el . In cr ea se d un de rs ta nd in g an d ad op tio n of O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C on ce pt a m on g po lic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d th e co m m un ity . P ro po rti on o f p ol ic y m ak er s, d ec is io n m ak er s an d th e co m m un ity w ith c le ar un de rs ta nd in g an d ad op tin g O H A pp ro ac h C on ce pt . 6229 4.4 MONITORING & EVALUATION 4.4.1 Monitoring and Evaluation The purpose for monitoring is to ensure that the Strategic Plan is implemented according to schedule and if there are any deviations, appropriate and timely actions should be taken. Monitoring will be carried out on a continuous basis while evaluation will be done periodically. Monitoring will involve regular data collection and analysis on the progress of implementation of the plan to ensure that the implementation is on track and objectives will be met. The results from the analysis will then be used to inform decision makers to take corrective measures on time where abnormalities have been noted. 4.4.2 Monitoring Plan The Monitoring plan consists of continuous collection of data of designated indicators and their descriptions; indicator targets values; methods of analysis; indicator reporting frequencies; and responsible officer for data collection, analysis and reporting. Tracking of the indicators will be done quarterly. 4.4.3 Evaluation Plan The Evaluation Plan details evaluation studies to be conducted during the Strategic Planning Cycle. It entails methodology, timeframe and responsible person to examine the outcome/impact of the program also referred to as the change from the baseline situation. The evaluation studies intend to obtain evidence as to whether the interventions have led to implementation effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, sustainability and impact to inform programming decisions. A total of two (2) evaluations will be conducted over the period of five years of implementation. The first one will be conducted in the third year of implementation (mid-term evaluation) and the second after closeout (terminal evaluation). An example of monitoring and evaluation Plan Matrix is detailed below: 29 T h e e x a m p le o f m o n it o ri n g a n d e v a lu a ti o n p la n m a tr ix P ill ar : C o o rd in at io n O b je ct iv e T ar g et in d ic at o r T ar g et in d ic at o r B as el in e O u tc o m e in d ic at o r O u tc o m e in d ic at o r b as el in e R es p o n si b le M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n C o st 20 23 20 23 20 24 20 25 20 27 To en ha nc e th e op er at io na l ca pa ci ty of O ne H ea lth co or di na tin g de sk Es ta bl is h O ne H ea lth Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s by 20 23 N um be r of TW G s es ta bl is h ed M in ut es of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ee tin g N um be r of TW G m em be rs ap po in te d C op y of no m in at io n 63 29 4.4 MONITORING & EVALUATION 4.4.1 Monitoring and Evaluation The purpose for monitoring is to ensure that the Strategic Plan is implemented according to schedule and if there are any deviations, appropriate and timely actions should be taken. Monitoring will be carried out on a continuous basis while evaluation will be done periodically. Monitoring will involve regular data collection and analysis on the progress of implementation of the plan to ensure that the implementation is on track and objectives will be met. The results from the analysis will then be used to inform decision makers to take corrective measures on time where abnormalities have been noted. 4.4.2 Monitoring Plan The Monitoring plan consists of continuous collection of data of designated indicators and their descriptions; indicator targets values; methods of analysis; indicator reporting frequencies; and responsible officer for data collection, analysis and reporting. Tracking of the indicators will be done quarterly. 4.4.3 Evaluation Plan The Evaluation Plan details evaluation studies to be conducted during the Strategic Planning Cycle. It entails methodology, timeframe and responsible person to examine the outcome/impact of the program also referred to as the change from the baseline situation. The evaluation studies intend to obtain evidence as to whether the interventions have led to implementation effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, sustainability and impact to inform programming decisions. A total of two (2) evaluations will be conducted over the period of five years of implementation. The first one will be conducted in the third year of implementation (mid-term evaluation) and the second after closeout (terminal evaluation). An example of monitoring and evaluation Plan Matrix is detailed below: 29 T h e e x a m p le o f m o n it o ri n g a n d e v a lu a ti o n p la n m a tr ix P ill ar : C o o rd in at io n O b je ct iv e T ar g et in d ic at o r T ar g et in d ic at o r B as el in e O u tc o m e in d ic at o r O u tc o m e in d ic at o r b as el in e R es p o n si b le M ea n s o f ve ri fi ca ti o n C o st 20 23 20 23 20 24 20 25 20 27 To en ha nc e th e op er at io na l ca pa ci ty of O ne H ea lth co or di na tin g de sk Es ta bl is h O ne H ea lth Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s by 20 23 N um be r of T W G s es ta bl is h ed M in ut es of O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ee tin g N um be r of T W G m em be rs ap po in te d C op y of no m in at io n 6429 4.5 Reporting Plan The reporting plan is prepared in accordance with statutory requirements, planning and Budgeting Guideline (PBG) and other Manuals or as may be required from time to time. 4.5.1 Internal Reporting Plan The Internal Reporting Plan consist of three types of reports namely Sections, Divisions and Management reports. The reports will be prepared on weekly, monthly, quarterly, annually or on demand basis and submitted to various internal stakeholders including Head of Divisions/ Units, and Management: Table 4: Internal Reporting plan S.N Source of Report Types of Report Recipient Frequency Responsible Person 1. Section • Section’s implementation reports Head of Section Weekly HoS 2. Directorate /Units • Implementation Reports Management Monthly HoD/HoU 4.5.2 External Reporting Plan This Plan involves preparation of two types of reports namely; Implementation report and Financial report. The frequencies of reporting being; Quarterly, Semi-annual and Annual reports. These reports are submitted to various external stakeholders, including line ministries, MoFP, DPs, and the Parliament. The Plan is detailed below: Table 5: External Reporting Plan S.N Source of Report Types of Report Recipient Frequency Responsible Person 3. Directorate /Units Activity and financial reports Quarterly HoD/HoU 4. Management Activity and financial reports Quarterly CEO 30 4.6 Plan Review A total of four (4) formal annual reviews will be carried out during the Strategic Planning Cycle. The aim of these reviews is to track annual progress of implementation of the one health activities according to the plan. The reviews will focus on activities carried out, outputs and outcomes to assess issues, challenges and lessons learnt over the year. Findings from the reviews will be used to prepare a report to inform decision-makers on progress of implementation and adjustments required if any. 6529 4.5 Reporting Plan The reporting plan is prepared in accordance with statutory requirements, planning and Budgeting Guideline (PBG) and other Manuals or as may be required from time to time. 4.5.1 Internal Reporting Plan The Internal Reporting Plan consist of three types of reports namely Sections, Divisions and Management reports. The reports will be prepared on weekly, monthly, quarterly, annually or on demand basis and submitted to various internal stakeholders including Head of Divisions/ Units, and Management: Table 4: Internal Reporting plan S.N Source of Report Types of Report Recipient Frequency Responsible Person 1. Section • Section’s implementation reports Head of Section Weekly HoS 2. Directorate /Units • Implementation Reports Management Monthly HoD/HoU 4.5.2 External Reporting Plan This Plan involves preparation of two types of reports namely; Implementation report and Financial report. The frequencies of reporting being; Quarterly, Semi-annual and Annual reports. These reports are submitted to various external stakeholders, including line ministries, MoFP, DPs, and the Parliament. The Plan is detailed below: Table 5: External Reporting Plan S.N Source of Report Types of Report Recipient Frequency Responsible Person 3. Directorate /Units Activity and financial reports Quarterly HoD/HoU 4. Management Activity and financial reports Quarterly CEO 30 4.6 Plan Review A total of four (4) formal annual reviews will be carried out during the Strategic Planning Cycle. The aim of these reviews is to track annual progress of implementation of the one health activities according to the plan. The reviews will focus on activities carried out, outputs and outcomes to assess issues, challenges and lessons learnt over the year. Findings from the reviews will be used to prepare a report to inform decision-makers on progress of implementation and adjustments required if any. 66 A p p e n d ix 1 : N A T IO N A L O N E H E A L T H S T R A T E R G IC P L A N 2 0 2 3 – 2 0 2 7 20 21 A N N U A L A C T IO N P L A N S tr at eg ic p ill ar 1 : C o o rd in at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en a n d in st it u ti o n al iz e O n e H ea lt h c o o rd in at io n a t al l l ev el s O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le In st it u ti o n (s ) T IM E F R A M E Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 1. 1 To en ha nc e th e op er at io na l ca pa ci ty o f O ne H ea lth co or di na tin g de sk 1. 1. 1 S tre ng th en Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s (T W G ) t o be fu nc tio na l, ac tiv e an d w el l-c oo rd in at ed 1. 1. 1. 1 E st ab lis h O ne H ea lth Te ch ni ca l W or ki ng G ro up s by 2 02 3 i. Id en tif y an d ap po in t T W G m em be rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct w or ks ho p to d ev el op T oR s fo r T W G s 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 1. 1. 2 C on du ct qu ar te rly m ee tin gs fo r T W G s by 2 02 7 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1. 3 C on du ct bi an nu al n at io na l, i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S re gi on al an d di st ric t m ul ti- se ct or al O H te ch ni ca lt ea m s’ m ee tin gs by 20 27 ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts an d ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1. 4 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo rT W G s by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct tra in in g ne ed s A ss es sm en t 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns 0 iii . C on du ct tra in in g 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 2 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r O H S S ta ff an d O H fo ca lp er so ns 1. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct tw o ca pa ci ty bu ild in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps an nu al ly i. C on du ct tra in in g N ee ds A ss es sm en t 0 ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns 0 iii . C on du ct tra in in g 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2 To in cr ea se re so ur ce s to su pp or tO ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es 1. 2. 1 E nh an ce re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n an d al lo ca tio n fro m th e go ve rn m en t, de ve lo pm en tp ar tn er s an d pr iv at e se ct or s 1. 2. 1. 1 D ev el op R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs a nd or ga ni ze a w or ks ho p 0 P M O -O H S ii. D ra ft a R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy d oc um en t 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . D is se m in at e si gn ed re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 67 A p p e n d ix 1 : N A T IO N A L O N E H E A L T H S T R A T E R G IC P L A N 2 0 2 3 – 2 0 2 7 20 21 A N N U A L A C T IO N P L A N S tr at eg ic p ill ar 1 : C o o rd in at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en a n d in st it u ti o n al iz e O n e H ea lt h c o o rd in at io n a t al l l ev el s O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le In st it u ti o n (s ) T IM E F R A M E Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 1. 1 To en ha nc e th e op er at io na l ca pa ci ty o fO ne H ea lth co or di na tin g de sk 1. 1. 1 S tre ng th en Te ch ni ca lW or ki ng G ro up s (T W G )t o be fu nc tio na l, ac tiv e an d w el l-c oo rd in at ed 1. 1. 1. 1 E st ab lis h O ne H ea lth Te ch ni ca lW or ki ng G ro up s by 2 02 3 i. Id en tif y an d ap po in tT W G m em be rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct w or ks ho p to d ev el op T oR s fo r T W G s 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 1. 1. 2 C on du ct qu ar te rly m ee tin gs fo rT W G s by 2 02 7 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts an d ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1. 3 C on du ct bi an nu al na tio na l, i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S re gi on al a nd d is tri ct m ul ti- se ct or al O H te ch ni ca l t ea m s’ m ee tin gs b y 20 27 ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct m ee tin gs 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 1. 4 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r T W G s by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct tr ai ni ng ne ed s A ss es sm en t 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns 0 iii . C on du ct tr ai ni ng 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 1. 2 O rg an iz e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps fo r O H S S ta ff an d O H fo ca l p er so ns 1. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct tw o ca pa ci ty bu ild in g tra in in g w or ks ho ps a nn ua lly i. C on du ct tr ai ni ng N ee ds A ss es sm en t 0 ii. Id en tif y an d co m m un ic at e w ith tra in in g in st itu tio ns 0 iii . C on du ct tr ai ni ng 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2 To in cr ea se re so ur ce s to su pp or t O ne H ea lth a ct iv iti es 1. 2. 1 E nh an ce re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n an d al lo ca tio n fro m th e go ve rn m en t, de ve lo pm en t p ar tn er s an d pr iv at e se ct or s 1. 2. 1. 1 D ev el op R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs a nd or ga ni ze a w or ks ho p 0 P M O -O H S ii. D ra ft a R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy d oc um en t 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . D is se m in at e si gn ed re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 68 st ra te gy d oc um en t to s ta ke ho ld er s iv . O pe ra tio na liz e R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct b i- an nu al re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n m ee tin gs b et w ee n st ak eh ol de rs a nd im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s by 2 02 7 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. I de nt ify a nd s ha re ar ea s fo r f un di ng 0 iii . P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iv . O rg an iz e re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n ev en ts 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2. 1. 3 D ev el op pr og ra m m es a nd pr oj ec ts to s up po rt O H a ct iv iti es b y Ju ne , 2 02 7 i. P re pa re pr oj ec t co nc ep ts no te /p ap er 5, 00 0, 00 0 ii. O rg an iz e st ak eh ol de rs ’ m ee tin gs 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 3 To st re ng th en /im pr ov e ne tw or ki ng 1. 3. 1 S tre ng th en w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H S , l oc al 1. 3. 1. 1 C on du ct A nn ua l N at io na l O ne H ea lth i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs 0 be tw ee n O H S , lo ca l a nd in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a an d in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a O rg an iz e O ne H ea lth N at io na l pl at fo rm u si ng ex is tin g st ru ct ur e by 2 02 7 ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts an d ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct N at io na l pl at fo rm fo r O ne H ea lth 50 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 3. 1. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs of O H fo ca l pe rs on s at v ill ag e, w ar d, d is tri ct s, re gi on al a nd m in is try le ve ls b y Ju ne ,2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs 0 ii. P re pa re do cu m en ts fo r a m ee tin g 0 iii . C on du ct M ee tin g 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 3. 1. 3 Fa ci lit at e O H S s ta ff to a tte nd O ne H ea lth co ns or tia m ee tin gs by J un e, 2 02 7 Id en tif y nu m be r o f O H S s ta ff an d al lo ca te fu nd s to fa ci lit at e th ei r at te nd an ce to O H C on so rti a m ee tin gs 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 69 st ra te gy d oc um en t to s ta ke ho ld er s iv . O pe ra tio na liz e R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n S tra te gy 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct b i- an nu al re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n m ee tin gs b et w ee n st ak eh ol de rs a nd im pl em en tin g pa rtn er s by 2 02 7 i. In vi te id en tif ie d st ak eh ol de rs 0 P M O -O H S ii. I de nt ify a nd s ha re ar ea s fo r f un di ng 0 iii . P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts a nd ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iv . O rg an iz e re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n ev en ts 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 2. 1. 3 D ev el op pr og ra m m es a nd pr oj ec ts to s up po rt O H a ct iv iti es b y Ju ne , 2 02 7 i. P re pa re pr oj ec t co nc ep ts no te /p ap er 5, 00 0, 00 0 ii. O rg an iz e st ak eh ol de rs ’ m ee tin gs 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 1. 3 To st re ng th en /im pr ov e ne tw or ki ng 1. 3. 1 S tre ng th en w or ki ng re la tio ns hi p be tw ee n O H S , l oc al 1. 3. 1. 1 C on du ct A nn ua l N at io na l O ne H ea lth i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs 0 be tw ee n O H S , lo ca l a nd in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a an d in te rn at io na l O ne H ea lth c on so rti a O rg an iz e O ne H ea lth N at io na l pl at fo rm u si ng ex is tin g st ru ct ur e by 2 02 7 ii. P re pa re m ee tin g do cu m en ts an d ne ed ed re so ur ce s 0 iii . C on du ct N at io na l pl at fo rm fo r O ne H ea lth 50 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 3. 1. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs of O H fo ca l pe rs on s at v ill ag e, w ar d, d is tri ct s, re gi on al a nd m in is try le ve ls b y Ju ne ,2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d in vi te st ak eh ol de rs 0 ii. P re pa re do cu m en ts fo r a m ee tin g 0 iii . C on du ct M ee tin g 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 1. 3. 1. 3 Fa ci lit at e O H S s ta ff to a tte nd O ne H ea lth co ns or tia m ee tin gs by J un e, 2 02 7 Id en tif y nu m be r o f O H S s ta ff an d al lo ca te fu nd s to fa ci lit at e th ei r at te nd an ce to O H C on so rti a m ee tin gs 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 70 S tr at eg ic P ill ar 2 : S u rv ei lla n ce , D et ec ti o n , P re ve n ti o n a n d C o n tr o l S tr at eg ic G o al : F u n ct io n al a n d q u al it y jo in t h u m an a n d a n im al h ea lt h s u rv ei lla n ce s ys te m s to r ed u ce t h e b u rd en o f zo o n o ti c d is ea se s, A n ti m ic ro b ia l R es is ta n ce ( A M R ) an d o th er o n e h ea lt h e ve n ts e st ab lis h ed O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le In st it u ti o n (s ) T IM E F R A M E Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 2. 1 To st re ng th en jo in t su rv ei lla nc e, o f pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r p ub lic he al th th re at s at al l l ev el s 2. 1. 1 E st ab lis h in te gr at ed /O ne H ea lth su rv ei lla nc e sy st em at n at io na l, zo na l/r eg io na l a nd di st ric t l ev el s 2. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op gu id el in es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. D ev el op gu id el in es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T) ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n w or ks ho p 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . U nd er ta ke su pp or tiv e su pe rv is io n 16 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 1. 2 E nh an ce in te gr at ed s ur ve ill an ce fo r z oo no tic d is ea se , A M R a nd p ub lic h ea lth th re at a t n at io na l, zo na l/r eg io na l, di st ric t an d co m m un ity le ve ls 2. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct in te gr at ed su rv ei lla nc e fo r zo on ot ic d is ea se s at z on al , r eg io na l an d di st ric t a nd co m m un ity le ve ls i. Tr ai n pu bl ic an d an im al he al th s ta ff on in te gr at ed In di ca to r a nd E ve nt b as ed su rv ei lla nc e 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct jo in t su rv ei lla nc e of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s at z on al , re gi on al a nd di st ric t l ev el s by 2 02 7 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct ev al ua tio n of su rv ei lla nc e sy st em s ba se d on in te rn at io na lly / na tio na lly re co gn iz ed to ol s 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T) 2. 1. 2. 2 Q ua rte rly jo in t s ur ve ill an ce m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts c on du ct ed by 20 27 i. C on du ct qu ar te rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic di se as e, A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 1. 3 Im pr ov e ca pa ci ty fo r s ur ve ill an ce d at a co lle ct io n, m an ag em en t, an al ys is 2. 1. 3. 1 C ap ac ita te na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l l ev el s on s ur ve ill an ce i. Tr ai n on s ur ve ill an ce da ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is (i nc lu di ng ri sk m ap pi ng ) a nd 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 71 S tr at eg ic P ill ar 2 : S u rv ei lla n ce , D et ec ti o n , P re ve n ti o n a n d C o n tr o l S tr at eg ic G o al : F u n ct io n al a n d q u al it y jo in t h u m an a n d a n im al h ea lt h s u rv ei lla n ce s ys te m s to r ed u ce t h e b u rd en o f zo o n o ti c d is ea se s, A n ti m ic ro b ia l R es is ta n ce ( A M R ) an d o th er o n e h ea lt h e ve n ts e st ab lis h ed O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le In st it u ti o n (s ) T IM E F R A M E Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 2. 1 To st re ng th en jo in t su rv ei lla nc e, o f pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r p ub lic he al th th re at s at al l l ev el s 2. 1. 1 E st ab lis h in te gr at ed /O ne H ea lth su rv ei lla nc e sy st em at n at io na l, zo na l/r eg io na l a nd di st ric t l ev el s 2. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op gu id el in es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. D ev el op gu id el in es , S O P s, m an ua ls fo r su rv ei lla nc e of P ZD , A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T) ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n w or ks ho p 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . U nd er ta ke su pp or tiv e su pe rv is io n 16 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 1. 2 E nh an ce in te gr at ed s ur ve ill an ce fo r z oo no tic d is ea se , A M R a nd p ub lic h ea lth th re at a t n at io na l, zo na l/r eg io na l, di st ric t an d co m m un ity le ve ls 2. 1. 2. 1 C on du ct in te gr at ed su rv ei lla nc e fo r zo on ot ic d is ea se s at z on al , r eg io na l an d di st ric t a nd co m m un ity le ve ls i. Tr ai n pu bl ic an d an im al he al th s ta ff on in te gr at ed In di ca to r a nd E ve nt b as ed su rv ei lla nc e 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct jo in t su rv ei lla nc e of zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s at z on al , re gi on al a nd di st ric t l ev el s by 2 02 7 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct ev al ua tio n of su rv ei lla nc e sy st em s ba se d on in te rn at io na lly / na tio na lly re co gn iz ed to ol s 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T) 2. 1. 2. 2 Q ua rte rly jo in t s ur ve ill an ce m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic d is ea se , A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts c on du ct ed by 20 27 i. C on du ct qu ar te rly jo in t su rv ei lla nc e m ee tin gs o n zo on ot ic di se as e, A M R an d ot he r pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 1. 3 Im pr ov e ca pa ci ty fo r s ur ve ill an ce d at a co lle ct io n, m an ag em en t, an al ys is 2. 1. 3. 1 C ap ac ita te na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l l ev el s on s ur ve ill an ce i. Tr ai n on s ur ve ill an ce da ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is (i nc lu di ng ri sk m ap pi ng ) a nd 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 72 an d in te rp re ta tio n at na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l da ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is a nd in te rp re ta tio n by 20 27 in te rp re ta tio n at na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l l ev el s 2. 2 To s tre ng th en , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r p ub lic he al th th re at s at al l l ev el s 2. 2. 1 Im pr ov e cr os s- bo rd er s ha rin g of in fo rm at io n on zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er e ve nt s 2. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct ris k co m m un ic at io n an d co m m un ity en ga ge m en t o n zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. C on du ct K A P st ud ie s on zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IE C m at er ia ls on z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . Tr ai n co m m un ity o n re po rti ng , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct cr os s- bo rd er 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 jo in t r is k as se ss m en t fo cu si ng o n zo on os is di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he at h ev en ts 2. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly c ro ss - bo rd er s ur ve ill an ce co m m itt ee m ee tin gs b y 20 27 C on du ct Q ua rte rly cr os s- bo rd er su rv ei lla nc e co m m itt ee m ee tin gs 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 2. 2 E nh an ce pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts 2. 2. 2. 1 Im pl em en t co nt ro l s tra te gi es fo r p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd p ub lic he al th e ve nt b y 20 27 i. D ev el op a nd re vi ew gu id el in es a nd S O P s fo r va cc in at io n of pr io rit y zo on ot ic di se as es 70 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P ro cu re va cc in es a nd bi ol og ic al 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct p re va cc in at io n aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct ro ut in e va cc in at io n ca m pa ig ns fo r 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 73 an d in te rp re ta tio n at na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l da ta m an ag em en t, an al ys is a nd in te rp re ta tio n by 20 27 in te rp re ta tio n at na tio na l a nd su bn at io na l l ev el s 2. 2 To s tre ng th en , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R , an d ot he r p ub lic he al th th re at s at al l l ev el s 2. 2. 1 Im pr ov e cr os s- bo rd er s ha rin g of in fo rm at io n on zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er e ve nt s 2. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct ris k co m m un ic at io n an d co m m un ity en ga ge m en t o n zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd o th er pu bl ic h ea lth ev en ts b y 20 27 i. C on du ct K A P st ud ie s on zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IE C m at er ia ls on z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . Tr ai n co m m un ity o n re po rti ng , pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he al th e ve nt s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct cr os s- bo rd er 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 jo in t r is k as se ss m en t fo cu si ng o n zo on os is di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic he at h ev en ts 2. 2. 1. 2 C on du ct Q ua rte rly c ro ss - bo rd er s ur ve ill an ce co m m itt ee m ee tin gs b y 20 27 C on du ct Q ua rte rly cr os s- bo rd er su rv ei lla nc e co m m itt ee m ee tin gs 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 2. 2 E nh an ce pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l of p rio rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r p ub lic h ea lth ev en ts 2. 2. 2. 1 Im pl em en t co nt ro l s tra te gi es fo r p rio rit iz ed zo on ot ic d is ea se s, A M R a nd p ub lic he al th e ve nt b y 20 27 i. D ev el op a nd re vi ew gu id el in es a nd S O P s fo r va cc in at io n of pr io rit y zo on ot ic di se as es 70 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P ro cu re va cc in es a nd bi ol og ic al 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct p re va cc in at io n aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct ro ut in e va cc in at io n ca m pa ig ns fo r 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 74 re le va nt P ZD s, v. C on du ct p re an d po st va cc in at io n m on ito rin g 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 2. 2. 2 C on du ct O n jo b tra in in gs o f fie ld s ta ff in th e ar ea o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r h ea lth ev en ts o n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l b y 20 27 i. C on du ct s ta ff tra in in g ne ed s as se ss m en t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct o n th e jo b tra in in gs o f st af fs o n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r h ea lth ev en ts 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 3 To e nh an ce pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as e de te ct io n ca pa ci ty a t na tio na l ( 10 0% ), zo na l/r eg io na l (6 0% ) a nd d is tri ct (3 0% ) l ev el s 2. 3. 1S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry d ia gn os tic ca pa ci ty 2. 3. 1. 1 S tre ng th en M ul ti- se ct or al la bo ra to ry n et w or k i. D ev el op T O R fo r l ab or at or y ne tw or ks 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs fo r m ul ti- se ct or al di ag no st ic s co m m itt ee 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 3. 1. 2 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry q ua lit y m an ag em en t sy st em i. C on du ct In te r- la bo ra to ry co m pa ris on fo r p rio rit y zo on ot ic di se as es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. C ar ry ou t pr of ic ie nc y te st 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 2. 3. 1. 3 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y m ea su re s i. C on du ct di ss em in at io n m ee tin g of B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y G ui de lin es 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. R ev ie w N at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . A ss es s B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y im pl em en ta tio n in s ix la bo ra to rie s pe r y ea r 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct B io - ris k m an ag em en t tra in in g 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 75 re le va nt P ZD s, v. C on du ct p re an d po st va cc in at io n m on ito rin g 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 2. 2. 2 C on du ct O n jo b tra in in gs o f fie ld s ta ff in th e ar ea o f z oo no tic di se as es , A M R an d ot he r h ea lth ev en ts o n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l b y 20 27 i. C on du ct s ta ff tra in in g ne ed s as se ss m en t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct o n th e jo b tra in in gs o f st af fs o n pr ev en tio n an d co nt ro l o f zo on ot ic di se as es , A M R a nd ot he r h ea lth ev en ts 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 3 To e nh an ce pr io rit iz ed z oo no tic di se as e de te ct io n ca pa ci ty a t na tio na l ( 10 0% ), zo na l/r eg io na l (6 0% ) a nd d is tri ct (3 0% ) l ev el s 2. 3. 1S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry d ia gn os tic ca pa ci ty 2. 3. 1. 1 S tre ng th en M ul ti- se ct or al la bo ra to ry n et w or k i. D ev el op T O R fo r l ab or at or y ne tw or ks 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct Q ua rte rly m ee tin gs fo r m ul ti- se ct or al di ag no st ic s co m m itt ee 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 2. 3. 1. 2 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry q ua lit y m an ag em en t sy st em i. C on du ct In te r- la bo ra to ry co m pa ris on fo r p rio rit y zo on ot ic di se as es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. C ar ry ou t pr of ic ie nc y te st 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 2. 3. 1. 3 S tre ng th en la bo ra to ry B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y m ea su re s i. C on du ct di ss em in at io n m ee tin g of B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y G ui de lin es 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. R ev ie w N at io na l B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y ch ec kl is t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . A ss es s B io sa fe ty a nd B io se cu rit y im pl em en ta tio n in s ix la bo ra to rie s pe r y ea r 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct B io - ris k m an ag em en t tra in in g 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 76 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en m u lt i- se ct o ra l e m er g en cy p re p ar ed n es s an d e ar ly r es p o n se f ra m ew o rk s fo r O n e H ea lt h e ve n ts O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 3. 1 S tre ng th en fra m ew or ks fo r m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts 3. 1. 1 R ev ie w th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks 3. 1. 1. 1 R ev ie w M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y an d m ap th e ke y st ak eh ol de rs to in vo lv e in th e re vi ew pr oc es s 23 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps fo r ke y st ak eh ol de rs to re vi ew th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 44 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S iii . C on du ct O ne va lid at io n w or ks ho p of ke y st ak eh ol de rs to v al id at e th e fra m ew or ks th at e nt ai ls 18 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se co nd uc te d by 20 27 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e fra m ew or ks th at en ta ils m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to e m er gi ng an d re -m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es to al l l ev el s 3. 1. 2. 1 D is se m in at e re vi ew ed a nd va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. O ne W or ks ho ps to P re pa re th e di ss em in at io n pl an 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P rin tin g 30 00 co pi es o f va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . D is se m in at io n m ee tin gs to po lic y m ak er s an d D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s on th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed fra m ew or ks C on du ct ed 45 ,0 00 ,0 00 77 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 3 : P re p ar ed n es s an d R es p o n se S tr at eg ic g o al : T o s tr en g th en m u lt i- se ct o ra l e m er g en cy p re p ar ed n es s an d e ar ly r es p o n se f ra m ew o rk s fo r O n e H ea lt h e ve n ts O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 3. 1 S tre ng th en fra m ew or ks fo r m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed T hr ea ts 3. 1. 1 R ev ie w th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks 3. 1. 1. 1 R ev ie w M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. Id en tif y an d m ap th e ke y st ak eh ol de rs to in vo lv e in th e re vi ew pr oc es s 23 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps fo r ke y st ak eh ol de rs to re vi ew th e ex is tin g m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 44 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S iii . C on du ct O ne va lid at io n w or ks ho p of ke y st ak eh ol de rs to v al id at e th e fra m ew or ks th at e nt ai ls 18 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H D S em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se co nd uc te d by 20 27 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e fra m ew or ks th at en ta ils m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to e m er gi ng an d re -m er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es to al l l ev el s 3. 1. 2. 1 D is se m in at e re vi ew ed a nd va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks b y 20 27 i. O ne W or ks ho ps to P re pa re th e di ss em in at io n pl an 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P rin tin g 30 00 co pi es o f va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . D is se m in at io n m ee tin gs to po lic y m ak er s an d D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s on th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed fra m ew or ks C on du ct ed 45 ,0 00 ,0 00 78 iv . C on du ct z on al an d re gi on al W or ks ho ps to di ss em in at e an d D is tri bu te th e co pi es o f th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks 28 0, 00 0, 00 0 3. 2. T o st re ng th en op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es a t a ll le ve ls 3. 2. 1 S up po rt jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se s on O ne H ea lth re la te d em er ge nc ie s an d re sp on se (f oc us o n su bn at io na l l ev el s) . 3. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct jo in t t ab le -to p an d fie ld s im ul at io n ex er ci se s to M ul ti- se ct or al a ct or s fo r pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth re la te d th re at s by 20 27 i. C on du ct o ne jo in t t ab le -to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se p er ye ar 21 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. C on du ct o ne jo in t f ie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se p er ye ar 63 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct o ne m ul ti- se ct or al m ee tin g pe r ye ar to u pd at e th e pl an u si ng si m ul at io n ex er ci se s fin di ng s, 45 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct su pp or tiv e su pe rv is io ns 35 3, 00 0, 00 0 in z on al a nd re gi on al fa ci lit ie s on op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks (T w o su pe rv is or s pe r f ac ili ty ) 3. 2. 1. 2 S tre ng th en m ul ti- se ct or al R eg io na l E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre to s up po rt M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth th re at s by 2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d m ap k ey M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l p er so n in ea ch re gi on 0 ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps to pr ep ar e th e R eg io na l M ul ti- se ct or al E O C p la ns an d st an da rd op er at in g pr oc ed ur es 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct or ie nt at io n w or ks ho p to M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l po in ts o n de ve lo pe d 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 79 iv . C on du ct z on al an d re gi on al W or ks ho ps to di ss em in at e an d D is tri bu te th e co pi es o f th e re vi ew ed an d va lid at ed em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks 28 0, 00 0, 00 0 3. 2. T o st re ng th en op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth R el at ed C ha lle ng es a t a ll le ve ls 3. 2. 1 S up po rt jo in t ta bl e- to p an d fie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se s on O ne H ea lth re la te d em er ge nc ie s an d re sp on se (f oc us o n su bn at io na l l ev el s) . 3. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct jo in t t ab le -to p an d fie ld s im ul at io n ex er ci se s to M ul ti- se ct or al a ct or s fo r pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se to em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng H ea lth re la te d th re at s by 20 27 i. C on du ct o ne jo in t t ab le -to p si m ul at io n ex er ci se p er ye ar 21 0, 00 0, 00 0 ii. C on du ct o ne jo in t f ie ld si m ul at io n ex er ci se p er ye ar 63 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . C on du ct o ne m ul ti- se ct or al m ee tin g pe r ye ar to u pd at e th e pl an u si ng si m ul at io n ex er ci se s fin di ng s, 45 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct su pp or tiv e su pe rv is io ns 35 3, 00 0, 00 0 in z on al a nd re gi on al fa ci lit ie s on op er at io na liz at io n of m ul ti- se ct or al em er ge nc y an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks (T w o su pe rv is or s pe r f ac ili ty ) 3. 2. 1. 2 S tre ng th en m ul ti- se ct or al R eg io na l E m er ge nc y O pe ra tio na l C en tre to s up po rt M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth th re at s by 2 02 7 i. Id en tif y an d m ap k ey M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l p er so n in ea ch re gi on 0 ii. C on du ct tw o w or ks ho ps to pr ep ar e th e R eg io na l M ul ti- se ct or al E O C p la ns an d st an da rd op er at in g pr oc ed ur es 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct or ie nt at io n w or ks ho p to M ul ti- se ct or al E O C fo ca l po in ts o n de ve lo pe d 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 80 S ta nd ar d O pe ra tin g P ro ce du re s iv . C on du ct re gi on al di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs to M ul ti- se ct or al D is tri ct m an ag em en t te am s 28 0, 00 0, 00 0 3. 2. 2 E ns ur e av ai la bi lit y of ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce (e m er ge nc y re sp on de rs ) o rie nt ed in m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth C ha lle ng es a t S ub na tio na l l ev el 3. 2. 2. 1 A de qu at e hu m an re so ur ce o n em er ge nc y re sp on se re cr ui te d an d or ie nt ed in M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth th re at s at i. C on du ct hu m an re so ur ce ne ed s as se ss m en t a t su bn at io na l le ve l 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P re pa re jo in t in ve nt or y of pe rs on ne l re qu ire d fo r pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se at a ll le ve ls 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 S ub na tio na l L ev el by 2 02 7 iii . R ec ru itm en t o f ad eq ua te pe rs on ne l p er ne ed s at a ll le ve ls to su pp or t M ul tis ec to ra l pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s 41 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S iv . C on du ct tra in in g to or ie nt pe rs on ne l o n M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s 42 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S 81 S ta nd ar d O pe ra tin g P ro ce du re s iv . C on du ct re gi on al di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs to M ul ti- se ct or al D is tri ct m an ag em en t te am s 28 0, 00 0, 00 0 3. 2. 2 E ns ur e av ai la bi lit y of ad eq ua te h um an re so ur ce (e m er ge nc y re sp on de rs ) o rie nt ed in m ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fr am ew or ks to h ea lth re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth C ha lle ng es a t S ub na tio na l l ev el 3. 2. 2. 1 A de qu at e hu m an re so ur ce o n em er ge nc y re sp on se re cr ui te d an d or ie nt ed in M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss a nd re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re - em er gi ng h ea lth th re at s at i. C on du ct hu m an re so ur ce ne ed s as se ss m en t a t su bn at io na l le ve l 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. P re pa re jo in t in ve nt or y of pe rs on ne l re qu ire d fo r pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se at a ll le ve ls 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 S ub na tio na l L ev el by 2 02 7 iii . R ec ru itm en t o f ad eq ua te pe rs on ne l p er ne ed s at a ll le ve ls to su pp or t M ul tis ec to ra l pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s 41 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S iv . C on du ct tra in in g to or ie nt pe rs on ne l o n M ul ti- se ct or al pr ep ar ed ne ss an d re sp on se fra m ew or ks to he al th re la te d em er gi ng a nd re -e m er gi ng he al th th re at s 42 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S 82 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 4 – R es ea rc h a n d d ev el o p m en t S tr at eg ic g o al – T o im p ro ve t h e h ea lt h o f h u m an s, a n im al s an d t h e en vi ro n m en t th ro u g h e vi d en ce -b as ed p o lic y ad vi so ri es O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity of O H re se ar ch 4. 1. 1 E ng ag e re le va nt O H s ta ke ho ld er s to de ve lo p O H re se ar ch ag en da 4. 1. 1. 1 Id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s id en tif ie d by J un e 20 23 i. Id en tif y O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns (i .e S U A , M U H A S , N M - A IS T, U D oM , N IM R , TA W IR I, TA R I, TA LI R I e. tc .) ii. C on du ct O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ap pi ng 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . E st ab lis h TW G s to id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct W or ks ho p to de ve lo p na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch ag en da 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 4. 1. 1. 2 A lig n In st itu tio na l re se ar ch a ge nd a to na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch S en si tiz e in st itu tio ns to a lig n th ei r r es ea rc h ag en da to th e na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch ag en da 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns (i .e S U A , ag en da b y Ju ne 20 23 M U H A S , N M - A IS T, U D oM , N IM R , TA W IR I, TA R I, TA LI R I e. tc .) 4. 1. 2 P ro m ot e co lla bo ra tiv e re se ar ch pr oj ec ts a m on g O ne H ea lth re se ar ch st ak eh ol de rs 4. 1. 2. 1 C re at e an d m ai nt ai n an in ve nt or y of av ai la bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne by J un e 20 27 i. C re at e an in ve nt or y of av ai la bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne H ea lth 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C re at e TW G S s to re sp on d to va rio us c al ls fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch es 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 4. 1. 2. 2 D ev el op co lla bo ra tiv e pr op os al s ad dr es si ng O ne H ea lth p rio rit ie s am on g pa rti ci pa tin g in st itu tio ns b y Ju ne 20 27 C re at e R es ea rc h G ro up s to re sp on d to va rio us c al ls fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch es 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 4. 1. 3 D ev el op n ew an d ut ili ze e xi st in g re se ar ch fo ru m s fo r 4. 1. 3. 1 D ev el op ne w O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m b y Ju ne 2 02 7 D ev el op M oU fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 83 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 4 – R es ea rc h a n d d ev el o p m en t S tr at eg ic g o al – T o im p ro ve t h e h ea lt h o f h u m an s, a n im al s an d t h e en vi ro n m en t th ro u g h e vi d en ce -b as ed p o lic y ad vi so ri es O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 4. 1 In cr ea se th e vo lu m e an d qu al ity of O H re se ar ch 4. 1. 1 E ng ag e re le va nt O H s ta ke ho ld er s to de ve lo p O H re se ar ch ag en da 4. 1. 1. 1 Id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s id en tif ie d by J un e 20 23 i. Id en tif y O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns (i .e S U A , M U H A S , N M - A IS T, U D oM , N IM R , TA W IR I, TA R I, TA LI R I e. tc .) ii. C on du ct O ne H ea lth st ak eh ol de rs m ap pi ng 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . E st ab lis h TW G s to id en tif y O ne H ea lth re se ar ch pr io rit ie s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . C on du ct W or ks ho p to de ve lo p na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch ag en da 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 4. 1. 1. 2 A lig n In st itu tio na l re se ar ch a ge nd a to na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch S en si tiz e in st itu tio ns to a lig n th ei r r es ea rc h ag en da to th e na tio na l O ne H ea lth re se ar ch ag en da 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns (i .e S U A , ag en da b y Ju ne 20 23 M U H A S , N M - A IS T, U D oM , N IM R , TA W IR I, TA R I, TA LI R I e. tc .) 4. 1. 2 P ro m ot e co lla bo ra tiv e re se ar ch pr oj ec ts a m on g O ne H ea lth re se ar ch st ak eh ol de rs 4. 1. 2. 1 C re at e an d m ai nt ai n an in ve nt or y of av ai la bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne by J un e 20 27 i. C re at e an in ve nt or y of av ai la bl e re se ar ch re so ur ce s fo r O ne H ea lth 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C re at e TW G S s to re sp on d to va rio us c al ls fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch es 25 ,0 00 ,0 00 4. 1. 2. 2 D ev el op co lla bo ra tiv e pr op os al s ad dr es si ng O ne H ea lth p rio rit ie s am on g pa rti ci pa tin g in st itu tio ns b y Ju ne 20 27 C re at e R es ea rc h G ro up s to re sp on d to va rio us c al ls fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch es 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 4. 1. 3 D ev el op n ew an d ut ili ze e xi st in g re se ar ch fo ru m s fo r 4. 1. 3. 1 D ev el op ne w O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m b y Ju ne 2 02 7 D ev el op M oU fo r O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 84 di ss em in at io n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 4. 1. 3. 2 In cr ea se pa rti ci pa tio n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch er s in re se ar ch fo ru m s (e .g ., TP H A , T V A , TA W IR I, N IM R et c. ) t o di ss em in at e O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fi nd in gs by J un e 20 27 i. R eg is te r n ew ly de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth fo ru m to a re le va nt re gu la to ry bo dy 0 ii. La un ch in g an d op er at io na liz e th e de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . S en si tiz e va rio us O ne H ea lth re se ar ch gr ou ps to di ss em in at e re se ar ch fin di ng s in di ffe re nt fo ru m s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P re se nt re se ar ch fin di ng s fro m va rio us O ne H ea lth R es ea rc h G ro up s in 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 re se ar ch fo ru m s 4. 1. 4 U til iz e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es 4. 1. 4. 1 In cr ea se nu m be r o f te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to ad dr es s O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es by J un e 20 27 . i. Id en tif y, re vi ew a nd se le ct te ch no lo gi es an d in no va tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. R ol l o ut th e se le ct ed te ch no lo gi es an d in no va tio ns to ad dr es s O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 85 di ss em in at io n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 4. 1. 3. 2 In cr ea se pa rti ci pa tio n of O ne H ea lth re se ar ch er s in re se ar ch fo ru m s (e .g ., TP H A , T V A , TA W IR I, N IM R et c. ) t o di ss em in at e O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fi nd in gs by J un e 20 27 i. R eg is te r n ew ly de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth fo ru m to a re le va nt re gu la to ry bo dy 0 ii. La un ch in g an d op er at io na liz e th e de ve lo pe d O ne H ea lth re se ar ch fo ru m 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . S en si tiz e va rio us O ne H ea lth re se ar ch gr ou ps to di ss em in at e re se ar ch fin di ng s in di ffe re nt fo ru m s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P re se nt re se ar ch fin di ng s fro m va rio us O ne H ea lth R es ea rc h G ro up s in 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 re se ar ch fo ru m s 4. 1. 4 U til iz e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to s ol ve O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es 4. 1. 4. 1 In cr ea se nu m be r o f te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns to ad dr es s O ne H ea lth c ha lle ng es by J un e 20 27 . i. Id en tif y, re vi ew a nd se le ct te ch no lo gi es an d in no va tio ns re le va nt to O ne H ea lth 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. R ol l o ut th e se le ct ed te ch no lo gi es an d in no va tio ns to ad dr es s O ne H ea lth ch al le ng es 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 86 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 5 : A w ar en es s, A d vo ca cy a n d C o m m u n ic at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : E n h an ce a w ar en es s, a d vo ca cy a n d c o m m u n ic at io n o n O n e H ea lt h f o r p ro fe ss io n al s, p o lic y m ak er s an d t h e co m m u n it y O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 5. 1 To in cr ea se aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth a t co m m un ity le ve l 5. 1. 1 D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IC E m at er ia ls fo r in cr ea si ng a w ar en es s to d iff er en t O ne H ea lth ac to rs 5. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op an d pr in t I C E pr om ot io n m at er ia ls fo r i nc re as in g aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth b y 20 27 i. C on du ct pr el im in ar y m ee tin g to id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs an d pl an fo r th e w or ks ho ps to d ev el op IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io na l m at er ia ls 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng ze ro d ra ft of IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r fin al iz in g IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t I C E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 1. 1. 2 D is se m in at e IC E an d O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls fo r i nc re as in g aw ar en es s by 2 02 7 i. D is tri bu te IC E O ne H ea lth P ro m ot io na l m at er ia ls to re gi on s an d di st ric ts 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs fo r na tio na l, re gi on al de ci si on m ak er s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . To c on du ct 2 0 di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s e m in ar s fo r O ne H ea lth ac to rs 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 5. 1. 2 S en si tiz e th e pu bl ic a nd m ed ia o n O ne H ea lth th ro ug h m ed ia a nd a no th er fo ru m 5. 1. 2. 1. C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n ac tiv iti es d ur in g gl ob al a nd n at io na l co m m em or at io n O ne H ea lth re la te d da ys (s uc h as W A A W , W or ld i. P re pa re O ne H ea lth g lo ba l an d na tio na l co m m em or at i on d ay ’s an nu al ca le nd ar . 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, 87 S tr at eg ic p ill ar 5 : A w ar en es s, A d vo ca cy a n d C o m m u n ic at io n S tr at eg ic g o al : E n h an ce a w ar en es s, a d vo ca cy a n d c o m m u n ic at io n o n O n e H ea lt h f o r p ro fe ss io n al s, p o lic y m ak er s an d t h e co m m u n it y O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 5. 1 To in cr ea se aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth a t co m m un ity le ve l 5. 1. 1 D ev el op a nd di ss em in at e IC E m at er ia ls fo r in cr ea si ng a w ar en es s to d iff er en t O ne H ea lth ac to rs 5. 1. 1. 1 D ev el op an d pr in t I C E pr om ot io n m at er ia ls fo r i nc re as in g aw ar en es s on O ne H ea lth b y 20 27 i. C on du ct pr el im in ar y m ee tin g to id en tif y st ak eh ol de rs an d pl an fo r th e w or ks ho ps to d ev el op IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io na l m at er ia ls 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng ze ro d ra ft of IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r fin al iz in g IC E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t I C E O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 1. 1. 2 D is se m in at e IC E an d O ne H ea lth pr om ot io n m at er ia ls fo r i nc re as in g aw ar en es s by 2 02 7 i. D is tri bu te IC E O ne H ea lth P ro m ot io na l m at er ia ls to re gi on s an d di st ric ts 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs fo r na tio na l, re gi on al de ci si on m ak er s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . To c on du ct 2 0 di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s e m in ar s fo r O ne H ea lth ac to rs 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 5. 1. 2 S en si tiz e th e pu bl ic a nd m ed ia o n O ne H ea lth th ro ug h m ed ia a nd a no th er fo ru m 5. 1. 2. 1. C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n ac tiv iti es d ur in g gl ob al a nd n at io na l co m m em or at io n O ne H ea lth re la te d da ys (s uc h as W A A W , W or ld i. P re pa re O ne H ea lth g lo ba l an d na tio na l co m m em or at i on d ay ’s an nu al ca le nd ar . 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, 88 ra bi es d ay , W or ld E nv iro nm en t D ay ) by 2 02 7 D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) ii. Fa ci lit at e st ak eh ol de rs to c on du ct O ne H ea lth aw ar en es s du rin g O H da ys 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S 5. 1. 2. 2 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig n s to th e co m m un ity an d re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs b y 20 27 M ob ili ze s ta ke ho ld er s to c on du ct O H se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S 5. 1. 2. 3 C on du ct m ed ia b rie fin g, se ns iti za tio n an d en ga ge m en t b y 20 27 i. C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin gs w ith jo ur na lis ts 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct m ed ia se ns iti za tio n w or ks ho ps to jo ur na lis ts 70 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct en ga ge m en t ac tiv iti es w ith jo ur na lis ts 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 2 To e nh an ce ad vo ca cy o n O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h to p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs 5. 2. 1 S ec ur e hi gh - le ve l b uy -in a nd su pp or t f or O ne H ea lth ac tiv iti es fr om p ol ic y, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s 5. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct ad vo ca cy m ee tin gs an d/ or w or ks ho ps to p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs a t na tio na l a nd s ub - na tio na l l ev el b y 20 27 C on du ct m ee tin gs /w or ks ho ps w ith p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s 5. 2. 2 D ev el op in g, di ss em in at in g, a nd op er at io na liz in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e an d To ol ki t 5. 2. 2. 1 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p ad vo ca cy gu id el in es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 89 ra bi es d ay , W or ld E nv iro nm en t D ay ) by 2 02 7 D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s) ii. Fa ci lit at e st ak eh ol de rs to c on du ct O ne H ea lth aw ar en es s du rin g O H da ys 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S 5. 1. 2. 2 C on du ct O ne H ea lth se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig n s to th e co m m un ity an d re le va nt st ak eh ol de rs b y 20 27 M ob ili ze s ta ke ho ld er s to c on du ct O H se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs /c am pa ig ns 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S 5. 1. 2. 3 C on du ct m ed ia b rie fin g, se ns iti za tio n an d en ga ge m en t b y 20 27 i. C on du ct m ed ia br ie fin gs w ith jo ur na lis ts 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct m ed ia se ns iti za tio n w or ks ho ps to jo ur na lis ts 70 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct en ga ge m en t ac tiv iti es w ith jo ur na lis ts 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 2 To e nh an ce ad vo ca cy o n O ne H ea lth a pp ro ac h to p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs 5. 2. 1 S ec ur e hi gh - le ve l b uy -in a nd su pp or t f or O ne H ea lth ac tiv iti es fr om p ol ic y, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s 5. 2. 1. 1 C on du ct ad vo ca cy m ee tin gs an d/ or w or ks ho ps to p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r st ak eh ol de rs a t na tio na l a nd s ub - na tio na l l ev el b y 20 27 C on du ct m ee tin gs /w or ks ho ps w ith p ol ic y m ak er s, de ci si on m ak er s an d ot he r s ta ke ho ld er s 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s 5. 2. 2 D ev el op in g, di ss em in at in g, a nd op er at io na liz in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e an d To ol ki t 5. 2. 2. 1 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p ad vo ca cy gu id el in es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin e 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 90 5. 2. 2. 2 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 2. 2. 3 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y gu id el in es to re gi on s an d di st ric ts 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n co nf er en ce fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 M oA , M N R T, C S O s D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s 5. 2. 2. 4 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t t o re gi on s an d di st ric ts 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s e m in ar s fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 5. 3 S tre ng th en co m m un ic at io n sy st em s an d ca pa ci ty a m on g O ne H ea lth k ey st ak eh ol de rs a t a ll le ve ls 5. 3. 1 D ev el op a nd D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy 5. 3. 1. 1 P re pa re O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 91 5. 2. 2. 2 D ev el op O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t by 2 02 7 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 2. 2. 3 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y gu id el in es to re gi on s an d di st ric ts 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n co nf er en ce fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y G ui de lin es 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 M oA , M N R T, C S O s D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s 5. 2. 2. 4 D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y To ol ki t b y 20 27 i. D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t t o re gi on s an d di st ric ts 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 ii. C on du ct di ss em in at io n w or ks ho ps /s e m in ar s fo r di ss em in at in g O ne H ea lth A dv oc ac y to ol ki t 12 0, 00 0, 00 0 5. 3 S tre ng th en co m m un ic at io n sy st em s an d ca pa ci ty a m on g O ne H ea lth k ey st ak eh ol de rs a t a ll le ve ls 5. 3. 1 D ev el op a nd D is se m in at e O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy 5. 3. 1. 1 P re pa re O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy b y 20 27 i. C on du ct pr ep ar at or y m ee tin gs to de ve lo p O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct 2 w or ks ho ps fo r de ve lo pi ng O ne H ea lth 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 92 C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r fin al iz in g O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy th ro ug h w or ks ho ps / se m in ar b y 20 27 i. La un ch O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs o n O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy to st ak eh ol de rs 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 2 C re at io n an d op er at io na liz at io n O ne H ea lth d at a an d 5. 3. 2. 1 D ev el op w eb p or ta l o n O ne i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin gs o n 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S in fo rm at io n sh ar in g sy st em a t a ll le ve ls H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 de ve lo pi ng w eb -p or ta l ii. E ng ag e a co ns ul ta nt to de ve lo p w eb - po rta l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 2. 2 O pe ra tio na liz e w eb po rta l o n O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 P ro cu re s of tw ar e fo r th e w eb -p or ta l 0 P M O -O H S S tr at eg ic P ill ar 6 – T ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n G o al : E n h an ce t ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n o n O n e H ea lt h A p p ro ac h f o r p re a n d in -s er vi ce p er so n n el in h u m an , a n im al a n d t h e en vi ro n m en ta l h ea lt h s ec to rs O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 6. 1 E nh an ce kn ow le dg e an d sk ill s on O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h th ro ug h in -s er vi ce an d pr e- se rv ic e tra in in gs in te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns un iv er si tie s fro m na tio na l t o di st ric t le ve l. 6. 1. 1 E ng ag e Tr ai ni ng an d E du ca tio n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es , R eg ul at or s an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s 6. 1. 1. 1 O ne , H ea lth e ng ag em en t m ee tin g fo r Tr ai ni ng a nd E du ca tio n In st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or s an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s ho st ed an nu al ly i. P re pa re O ne , O H en ga ge m en t m ee tin gs fo r Tr ai ni ng a nd E du ca tio n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or y an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 93 C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy iii . C on du ct 1 w or ks ho p fo r fin al iz in g O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . P rin t O ne H ea lth C om m un ic at io n S tra te gy 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 1. 2 D is se m in at e C om m un ic at io n st ra te gy th ro ug h w or ks ho ps / se m in ar b y 20 27 i. La un ch O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S , S ec to r M in is tri es (V P O - E nv iro nm en t, M oH , M LF , M oA , M N R T, C S O s, D ev el op m en t pa rtn er s ii. C on du ct fi ve di ss em in at io n m ee tin gs o n O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . D is tri bu te O ne H ea lth co m m un ic at io n st ra te gy to st ak eh ol de rs 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 2 C re at io n an d op er at io na liz at io n O ne H ea lth d at a an d 5. 3. 2. 1 D ev el op w eb p or ta l o n O ne i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin gs o n 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 P M O -O H S in fo rm at io n sh ar in g sy st em a t a ll le ve ls H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 de ve lo pi ng w eb -p or ta l ii. E ng ag e a co ns ul ta nt to de ve lo p w eb - po rta l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 5. 3. 2. 2 O pe ra tio na liz e w eb po rta l o n O ne H ea lth d at a an d in fo rm at io n by 2 02 7 P ro cu re s of tw ar e fo r th e w eb -p or ta l 0 P M O -O H S S tr at eg ic P ill ar 6 – T ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n G o al : E n h an ce t ra in in g a n d e d u ca ti o n o n O n e H ea lt h A p p ro ac h f o r p re a n d in -s er vi ce p er so n n el in h u m an , a n im al a n d t h e en vi ro n m en ta l h ea lt h s ec to rs O b je ct iv e S tr at eg y T ar g et A ct iv it ie s B u d g et E st im at e R es p o n si b le S ec to rs & In st it u ti o n (s ) Y ea r 1 Y ea r 2 Y ea r 3 Y ea r 4 Y ea r 5 6. 1 E nh an ce kn ow le dg e an d sk ill s on O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h th ro ug h in -s er vi ce an d pr e- se rv ic e tra in in gs in te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns un iv er si tie s fro m na tio na l t o di st ric t le ve l. 6. 1. 1 E ng ag e Tr ai ni ng an d E du ca tio n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es , R eg ul at or s an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s 6. 1. 1. 1 O ne , H ea lth e ng ag em en t m ee tin g fo r Tr ai ni ng a nd E du ca tio n In st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or s an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s ho st ed an nu al ly i. P re pa re O ne , O H en ga ge m en t m ee tin gs fo r Tr ai ni ng a nd E du ca tio n in st itu tio ns , S ec to r M in is tri es R eg ul at or y an d P ro fe ss io na l B od ie s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s 94 ii. H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r S ec to r M in is tri es , tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l, in st itu tio ns fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r re gu la to ry bo di es a nd pr of es si on al bo di es fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es . 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 1. 2 G ap s fo r O H a pp ro ac h id en tif ie d by J un e 20 23 i. P re pa re M ee tin g fo r id en tif ic at io n of g ap s fo r O H ap pr oa ch 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to id en tif y ga ps 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 fo r O H ap pr oa ch 6. 1. 1. 3 Id en tif ie d O H a pp ro ac h ga ps re vi ew ed a nd in co rp or at ed in n ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a by Ju ne 2 02 3. i. P la n M ee tin g fo r C on du ct in g te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch ga ps 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng a nd Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n In st itu tio ns ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch ga ps . n ew 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . D is se m in at e re vi ew ed tra in in g cu rr ic ul a w ith O H tr ai ni ng pa ck ag e 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 1. 4 Tr ai ni ng o f tra in er s fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h i. P re pa re Tr ai ni ng m at er ia l f or Tr ai ni ng o f 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h 95 ii. H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r S ec to r M in is tri es , tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l, in st itu tio ns fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . H os t a nn ua l en ga ge m en t m ee tin g fo r re gu la to ry bo di es a nd pr of es si on al bo di es fo r O H A pp ro ac h tra in in g an d ed uc at io n ac tiv iti es . 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 1. 2 G ap s fo r O H a pp ro ac h id en tif ie d by J un e 20 23 i. P re pa re M ee tin g fo r id en tif ic at io n of g ap s fo r O H ap pr oa ch 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to id en tif y ga ps 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 fo r O H ap pr oa ch 6. 1. 1. 3 Id en tif ie d O H a pp ro ac h ga ps re vi ew ed a nd in co rp or at ed in n ew tra in in g cu rr ic ul a by Ju ne 2 02 3. i. P la n M ee tin g fo r C on du ct in g te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch ga ps 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng a nd Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n In st itu tio ns ii. C on du ct te ch ni ca l M ee tin g to re vi ew tr ai ni ng cu rr ic ul a an d in co rp or at e Id en tif ie d O H ap pr oa ch ga ps . n ew 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . D is se m in at e re vi ew ed tra in in g cu rr ic ul a w ith O H tr ai ni ng pa ck ag e 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 1. 4 Tr ai ni ng o f tra in er s fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h i. P re pa re Tr ai ni ng m at er ia l f or Tr ai ni ng o f 0 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h 96 co nd uc te d by J un e 20 24 Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H A pp ro ac h To T tra in in g 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 1. 5 Tr ai ni ng o n O H A pp ro ac h fo r 34 50 p re -s er vi ce tra in ee s an d 20 00 in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l co nd uc te d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tra in in g pl an fo r O H A pp ro ac h fo r tra in in g of 34 50 p re - se rv ic e tra in ee s an d 20 00 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct tra in in g on O H A pp ro ac h fo r 34 50 p re - se rv ic e tra in ee s 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct tra in in g on O H A pp ro ac h fo r 20 00 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 v. A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of P re -s er vi ce an d In -s er vi ce O H tr ai ni ng s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 1. 6 Fi ve C P D sh or t c ou rs e fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l on O H A pp ro ac h de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op fi ve C P D s ho rt co ur se fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l o n O H A pp ro ac h 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns 97 co nd uc te d by J un e 20 24 Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H A pp ro ac h To T tra in in g 80 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 1. 5 Tr ai ni ng o n O H A pp ro ac h fo r 34 50 p re -s er vi ce tra in ee s an d 20 00 in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l co nd uc te d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tra in in g pl an fo r O H A pp ro ac h fo r tra in in g of 34 50 p re - se rv ic e tra in ee s an d 20 00 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r Tr ai ni ng o f Tr ai ne rs (T oT ) fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 10 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct tra in in g on O H A pp ro ac h fo r 34 50 p re - se rv ic e tra in ee s 40 0, 00 0, 00 0 iv . C on du ct tra in in g on O H A pp ro ac h fo r 20 00 in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 v. A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of P re -s er vi ce an d In -s er vi ce O H tr ai ni ng s 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 1. 6 Fi ve C P D sh or t c ou rs e fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l on O H A pp ro ac h de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op fi ve C P D s ho rt co ur se fo r I n- se rv ic e pe rs on ne l o n O H A pp ro ac h 30 0, 00 0, 00 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns 98 ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C P D tr ai ni ng 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct a t le as t o ne de ve lo pe d m ul tid is ci pl in e an d m ul ti- se ct or al O H C P D tr ai ni ng pr og ra m 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2 D ev el op F ie ld E xp er ie nt ia l l ea rn in g pr og ra m s fo r o ne he al th 6. 1. 2. 1 Tw o S tu de nt tr ai ni ng si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tw o S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 H ig he r Le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C on du ct tra in in g us in g si m ul at io n m od el s 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 2. 2 H un dr ed (1 00 ) S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l In st itu tio ns i. C on du ct se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs fo r es ta bl is hi ng O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns es ta bl is he d by Ju ne 2 02 7 ii. E st ab lis h 10 0 S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . S up er vi se O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2. 3 S tu de nt - le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to co nt ro l / e lim in at e in fe ct io us d is ea se ra te s cr ea te d an nu al ly . i. C re at e st ud en t- le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng a nd Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns ii. C on du ct st ud en t aw ar en es s cr ea tio n se m in ar o n le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 99 ii. P ro cu re tra in in g m at er ia ls fo r O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h C P D tr ai ni ng 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct a t le as t o ne de ve lo pe d m ul tid is ci pl in e an d m ul ti- se ct or al O H C P D tr ai ni ng pr og ra m 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2 D ev el op F ie ld E xp er ie nt ia l l ea rn in g pr og ra m s fo r o ne he al th 6. 1. 2. 1 Tw o S tu de nt tr ai ni ng si m ul at io n m od el s de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 i. D ev el op tw o S tu de nt tra in in g si m ul at io n m od el s 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 H ig he r Le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. C on du ct tra in in g us in g si m ul at io n m od el s 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 2. 2 H un dr ed (1 00 ) S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l In st itu tio ns i. C on du ct se ns iti za tio n m ee tin gs fo r es ta bl is hi ng O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 O H S U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns es ta bl is he d by Ju ne 2 02 7 ii. E st ab lis h 10 0 S tu de nt ’s O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . S up er vi se O H A pp ro ac h In no va tio n C lu bs in in tra in in g an d ed uc at io na l in st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2. 3 S tu de nt - le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to co nt ro l / e lim in at e in fe ct io us d is ea se ra te s cr ea te d an nu al ly . i. C re at e st ud en t- le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar 15 0, 00 0, 00 0 H ig he r le ar ni ng a nd Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns ii. C on du ct st ud en t aw ar en es s cr ea tio n se m in ar o n le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 10 0 in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar iii . U se s tu de nt - le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2. 4 N in e R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W or ld A M R A w ar en es s W ee k, R ab ie s da y) es ta bl is he d at s ub na tio na l l ev el b y Ju ne 2 02 7. i. D ev el op C on ce pt N ot e fo r es ta bl is hi ng R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at s ub na tio na l l ev el 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , H ig he r Le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. D ev el op A ct io n P la n fo r es ta bl is hi ng 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at s ub na tio na l l ev el 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . E st ab lis h 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at s ub na tio na l l ev el 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 3 E nh an ce st ud en t c en te re d le ar ni ng in O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 6. 1. 3. 1 C ur ric ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 23 . i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin g fo r de ve lo pi ng cu rr ic ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , 10 1 in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar iii . U se s tu de nt - le ar ni ng a nd se rv ic e m od el to c on tro l / el im in at e in fe ct io us di se as e ra te s in e ac h ye ar 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 2. 4 N in e R eg io na lO H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g .W or ld A M R A w ar en es s W ee k, R ab ie s da y) es ta bl is he d at su b na tio na ll ev el by Ju ne 2 02 7. i. D ev el op C on ce pt N ot e fo r es ta bl is hi ng R eg io na lO H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at su b na tio na ll ev el 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , H ig he r Le ar ni ng In st itu tio ns Te ch ni ca l ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. D ev el op A ct io n P la n fo r es ta bl is hi ng 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at s ub na tio na l l ev el 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . E st ab lis h 9 R eg io na l O H C ha pt er s fo r co lla bo ra tiv e pa rti ci pa tio n in O H A pp ro ac h ev en ts (e .g . W A A W , R ab ie s D ay , E nv iro nm en ta l D ay ), at s ub na tio na l l ev el 20 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 3 E nh an ce st ud en t c en te re d le ar ni ng in O ne H ea lth A pp ro ac h 6. 1. 3. 1 C ur ric ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 23 . i. C on du ct te ch ni ca l m ee tin g fo r de ve lo pi ng cu rr ic ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , S ec to r- M in is tri es , U ni ve rs iti es , R es ea rc h In st itu tio ns , 10 2 tra in in g m od ul es D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. D is se m in at e cu rr ic ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct O H re m ed ia l tra in in g us in g de ve lo pe d m od ul es 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H re m ed ia l tra in in g cu rr ic ul a 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 3. 2 Fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng fa ci lit at io n gu id es fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es , f or p re - se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 . i. D ev el op bu dg et fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo rO H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H pr og ra m ) fo rd ev el op in g fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo rO H A pp ro ac h 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 10 3 tra in in g m od ul es D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s ii. D is se m in at e cu rr ic ul a fo r O H re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . C on du ct O H re m ed ia l tra in in g us in g de ve lo pe d m od ul es 40 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . A ss es s ef fe ct iv en es s of O H re m ed ia l tra in in g cu rr ic ul a 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 6. 1. 3. 2 Fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng fa ci lit at io n gu id es fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l t ra in in g m od ul es , f or p re - se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 . i. D ev el op bu dg et fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at 30 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H p ro gr am ) fo r d ev el op in g fo ur (4 ) Te ac hi ng Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 10 4 re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns iv . D ev el op fo ur (4 ) T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo r O H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es , f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 3. 3 O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 ) m an ua l a nd se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r p re - se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l i. D ev el op bu dg et fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H p ro gr am ) fo r d ev el op in g (p -b oo ks & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 10 5 re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns iv . D ev el op fo ur (4 )T ea ch in g Fa ci lit at io n G ui de s fo rO H A pp ro ac h re m ed ia l tra in in g m od ul es ,f or pr e- se rv ic e tra in in g at U ni ve rs ity , an d Te ch ni ca l Tr ai ni ng In st itu tio ns 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 6. 1. 3. 3 O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e -b oo ks ), on e (1 )m an ua la nd se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo rp re - se rv ic e an d in - se rv ic e pe rs on ne l i. D ev el op bu dg et fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) ,o ne (1 )m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 O H S , U ni ve rs iti es , D ev el op m en t P ar tn er s de ve lo pe d by J un e 20 27 co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l ii. M ob ili ze re so ur ce s fo r de ve lo pi ng O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 60 ,0 00 ,0 00 iii . Id en tif y m ec ha ni sm (c on su lta nc y, ou ts ou rc in g, In st itu tio n en ga ge m en t, O H p ro gr am ) fo r d ev el op in g (p -b oo ks & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 20 ,0 00 ,0 00 iv . Fa ci lit at e de ve lo pm en t of O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 v. D is se m in at e de ve lo pe d O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) , o ne (1 ) m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 72 Appendix 2: LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS The following experts participated in review process of the One Health Strategic Plan Sn Name Title Institute 1 Dr. Julius Keyyu Director of Research TAWIRI 2 Mr.Jacob Lusekelo Laboratory Scientist MoH 3 Ms.Jubilant Mwangi Plant Health MoA 4 Ms. Hargeney Chitukolo Ass. Administrator RAS ARUSHA 5 Mr.Maliki Ali Maliki Principal Environmental Management Officer VPO /DOE 6 Ms.Gloria C. Omari Research/Technical Support Coordinator TMDA 7 Prof. Esron Karimuribo DVC-ARC SUA SUA 8 Pro. Robinson Mdegela Aquatic Specialist SUA 9 Prof. Deodatus Kakoko One Health Focal person MUHAS 10 Prof. Japhet Killewo Country Manager /Public Health AFROHUN 11 Dr. Charles Massambu BSBS Expert UDOM 12 Dr. John Kunda Epidemiologist/Researcher NIMR 13 Mr. Benedikt Kisaka DRR Expert Dar-MAERT 14 Mr.Erick Venant Pharmacist/ AMR expert RBA Initiative 15 Dr. Grace Saguti Public Health WHO 16 Mr. Gerald Manase One Health Focal Person PO-RALG 17 Mr. Harrison Chinyuka NOH Coordinator PMO 18 Dr. Justine Assenga OHFP MoLF 19 Mr.Godfrey Sanga Admin. Officer PMO 20 Dr. Baltazar Leba OHS/AHFP PMO 21 Dr. Gibonce Kayuni AMR Expert MoLF 22 Ms. Valentina Sanga OHS/PHFP PMO 23 Dr. Abubakar Hoza Animal Health Expert SUA 24 Dr. Christopher Mnzava DRM Epert Dar-MAERT 25 Dr. Benezeth Lutege Veterinarian MoLF 26 Dr. Zacharia Makondo Lab Scientist TVLA 27 Mr. Joseph Qamara Environmental Expert VPO /DOE 28 Dr. Khadija Omary Veterinary Officer Zanzibar 29 Ms. Siana Mapunjo AMR Expert MoH 30 Dr. Ndekya Oriyo Research Scientist NIMR 10 6 107 iv . Fa ci lit at e de ve lo pm en t of O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) ,o ne (1 )m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 10 0, 00 0, 00 0 v. D is se m in at e de ve lo pe d O H A pp ro ac h bo ok s (p - bo ok s & e - bo ok s) ,o ne (1 )m an ua l an d se ve n (7 ) co m pe nd ia fo r pr e- se rv ic e an d in -s er vi ce pe rs on ne l 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 72 Appendix 2: LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS The following experts participated in review process of the One Health Strategic Plan Sn Name Title Institute 1 Dr. Julius Keyyu Director of Research TAWIRI 2 Mr. Jacob Lusekelo Laboratory Scientist MoH 3 Mr.Jubilant Mwangi Plant Health MoA 4 Mr. Hargeney Chitukolo Ass. Administrator RAS ARUSHA 5 Mr. Maliki Ali Maliki Principal Environmental Management Officer VPO /DOE 6 Ms.Gloria C. Omari Research/Technical Support Coordinator TMDA 7 Prof. Esron Karimuribo DVC-ARC SUA SUA 8 Pro. Robinson Mdegela Aquatic Specialist SUA 9 Prof. Deodatus Kakoko One Health Focal person MUHAS 10 Prof. Japhet Killewo Country Manager /Public Health AFROHUN 11 Dr. Charles Massambu BSBS Expert UDOM 12 Dr. John Kunda Epidemiologist/Researcher NIMR 13 Mr. Benedikt Kisaka DRR Expert Dar-MAERT 14 Mr. Erick Venant Pharmacist/ AMR expert RBA Initiative 15 Dr. Grace Saguti Public Health WHO 16 Mr. Gerald Manase One Health Focal Person PO-RALG 17 Mr. Harrison Chinyuka NOH Coordinator PMO 18 Dr. Justine Assenga OHFP MoLF 19 Mr. Godfrey Sanga Admin. Officer PMO 20 Dr. Baltazar Leba OHS/AHFP PMO 21 Dr. Gibonce Kayuni AMR Expert MoLF 22 Ms. Valentina Sanga OHS/PHFP PMO 23 Dr. Abubakar Hoza Animal Health Expert SUA 24 Dr. Christopher Mnzava DRM Epert Dar-MAERT 25 Dr. Benezeth Lutege Veterinarian MoLF 26 Dr. Zacharia Makondo Lab Scientist TVLA 27 Mr. Joseph Qamara Environmental Expert VPO /DOE 28 Dr. Khadija Omary Veterinary Officer Zanzibar 29 Ms. Siana Mapunjo AMR Expert MoH 30 Dr. Ndekya Oriyo Research Scientist NIMR 108 73 31 Mr. Muhidin Omary AMR Epert Zanzibar 32 Mr. Robert Fyumangwa Research Scientist TAWIRI 33 Prof. Rudovic Kazwala Animal Health Expert SUA 34 Mr. Ibrahim Hamidu Data and Communication PMO 35 Mr. Ewald Bonifasi DRR Speciliast PMO 36 Ms. Jubilate Benard Public Health MoH 37 Prof. Hezron Nonga DVS MoLF 38 Mr. Kalelema Mataba Agriculture Officer MoA 39 Dr. Idrissa Chuma Senior Conservation Officer TANAPA 40 Mr. Charles Msangi Ass. Director Disaster Research PMO 41 Dr. Iddi Lipende Wildlife Expert TAWIRI 42 Ms. Wahab Kimaro Animal Health Expert SUA 43 Dr. Niwael Mtui Animal Health Expert FAO 44 Mr. Elias Ponsiano Monitoring and Evaluation Expert FAO 109