National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania

i National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Recommended Citation Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania. Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma, Tanzania. pp 46 Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, 40487-Dodoma, TANZANIA. Phone: +255 26 2322610 Fax: +255 2861908 E-Mail: ps@mifugo.go.tz Website: http://www.mifugouvuvi.go.tz © Government of United Republic of Tanzania, 2019 ii National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Tanzania is endowed with diverse livestock genetic resources including various breed-types/strains and ecotypes of cattle, sheep, goats, chicken pigs etc. that contribute to income and food security at national and household levels. Various livestock species also have many socio-cultural contribution and the animals are a significant source of employment across various value chains. Following the development of the Global Strategy for the management of Farm Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR), FAO prepared Primary Guidelines for the development of national animal genetic resources management plans to help countries initiate the development and implementation of management programmes for their animal genetic resources for food and agriculture. Threat to biodiversity, caused by human activities and resulting in the extinction of species, destruction of ecosystem and habitat, and loss of genetic diversity within species, led to adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of which Tanzania is among the signatories. The Global Strategy established a framework for developing national, regional and global policies, strategies and action. In this regard, FAO provided support to assist countries in developing and strengthening capacity to manage their AnGR. It is for this reason that National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources becomes vital to optimize the economic benefits attainable from these Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) while taking care of those species and breeds that may be at risk for conservation. This document is step toward fulfilling this noble international obligation. Contained herein is a National Compact Strategies and Action Plan (NCSAP) for Tanzania that will guide the implementation of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) for Animal Genetic Resources. I sincerely hope that this NCSAP will provide guidance and the direction in the implementation of the livestock development policy in the country at the same time giving due consideration to conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGR. I would like therefore, to thank all the stakeholders involved in the preparation of this NCSAP. My special thanks to the National Advisory Committee members for coming up with this important document. I believe that this strategic document will bring together all stakeholders to play their part towards conservation activities and development of animal genetic resources in Tanzania. Finally, I thank AU-IBAR for technical and financial support and FAO for guiding member countries in coming up with National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP). Hon. Luhaga Joelson Mpina (MP) Minister for Livestock and Fisheries Foreword iii National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Table of contents Pg Executive summary ........................................................................................................................ vi 1.0 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Situation Analysis of livestock production ...................................................................... 2 1.1.1 Cattle Production ...................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 Goat and Sheep production ....................................................................................... 5 1.1.3 Poultry Production .................................................................................................... 5 1.1.4 Pig Production ........................................................................................................... 6 1.1.5 Other livestock species ............................................................................................. 7 1.2 Rationale/Justification ...................................................................................................... 8 2.0 The National Strategy .......................................................................................................... 9 2.1 The process of preparing the Tanzania National Strategy and Action Plans ................... 9 2.2 Vision, goal and objectives ............................................................................................ 12 2.3 SWOC Analysis for AnGRs in Tanzania ....................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Strengths on management and development of AnGR ........................................... 12 2.3.2 Weaknesses ............................................................................................................. 13 2.3.3 Opportunities........................................................................................................... 13 2.3.4 Challenges ............................................................................................................... 14 2.4 Strategic priority areas (SPA) ........................................................................................ 14 2.5 Action Plan ..................................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Monitoring and evaluation of NSAP .............................................................................. 16 2.7 Log frame and budget .................................................................................................... 17 3.0 References .......................................................................................................................... 27 Acknowledgment .......................................................................................................................... 28 Annexes......................................................................................................................................... 29 iv National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania List of Plates Pg Plate 1: A Farmer Ploughing his field using an ox driven plough (driven by Cattle of indigenous type) in Mpwapwa, Dodoma, Tanzania. .................................................... 4 Plate 2: An Ankole bull posing for a photo during the Indigenous Livestock Show at the Nane Nane Agricultural Exhibition Ground, Nzuguni, Dodoma, Tanzania. ......................... 4 Plate 3: Some mentioned breeds of different livestock species ................................................. 6 Plate 4: Stakeholder meeting- 26th-28th Nov 2018.................................................................. 11 v National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Abbreviations AI = Artificial Insemination AnGR = Animal Genetic Resources AU-IBAR = African Union- Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources BHP = Black Headed Persian CAnGR = Council of Animal Genetic Resources DAFCO = Dairy Farming Company DPM = Directorate of Livestock Production and Marketing DPP = Directorate of Policy and Planning DPs = Development Partners DRTE = Directorate of Research, Training and Extension FAO = Food and Agriculture Organization GDP = Gross Domestic Products GOT = Government of Tanzania MLF = Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries MOET = Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer NABC = National Animal Breeding Committee NAC = National Advisory Committee NAIC = National Artificial Insemination Centre NCSAP = National Compact Strategies and Action Plan NGOs = Non-Governmental Organizations ONBS = Open Nucleus Breeding System PPP = Public Private Partnership SWOC = Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges TALIRI = Tanzania Livestock Research Institute TDB = Tanzania Dairy Board TMB = Tanzania Meat Board TSZ = Tanganyika Shorthorn Zebu vi National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Executive summary Tanzanian is rich in diversity of Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) which is crucial for economic development and enhanced livelihood of her people. The livestock sector whose growth rate is 2.8 contributes to 6.9% of the GDP of which 40% (2.76) is derived from beef, 30% (2.07) is derived from dairy and the remaining 30% (2.07) is derived from other livestock sub sectors such as small ruminants, poultry and pigs. According to the available statistics, 90% of the livestock population in the country is of indigenous type mostly kept under low input, low output production systems. However, despite their low productivity potential, indigenous livestock species have resistance and resilience traits that help them to survive well in local environments. Hence, it is imperative to put in place national strategies for characterization, inventories, conservation and sustainable utilization of the Tanzanian animal genetic resources. The Vision of this NSAP is to have progressive livestock sector founded on sustainable development and utilization of Animal Genetic Resources and the goal is to guide conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGR and its contribution to the national economy that will make improved livelihood of the people in Tanzania. Following the development of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) that is coordinated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), countries, were required to prepare and implement National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources. The NSAP for Animal Genetic Resources is meant to guide the management, conservation and sustainable utilization of the Country’s Animal Genetic Resources and shall be used to assess risk status of indigenous breeds and assist to address the threat of extinctions due to genetic erosion caused by indiscriminate crossbreeding and or upgrading programmes. In Preparing the Tanzanian National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources, the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries through the Directorate of Research, Training and Extension (DRTE) as the Focal Point, identified and facilitated the engagement of the key stakeholders to steer up the process. A Taskforce was formed to develop and share the draft NSAP document to stakeholders for their reviews. It was agreed that the implementation of the National Strategy and Plan of Action (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources will be overseen by the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries while, the National Advisory Committee (NAC) will be responsible for technical, advisory and Supervisory role. In addition a National Coordinator for Animal Genetic Resources will be appointed by the Ministry and his/her roles will be among others facilitation, coordination and carry out day to vii National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania day implementation of the National Strategy and Action Plan. The proposed strategy contained herein, will address the following strategic priority areas (i) Characterization of existing breeds and monitoring of trends and associated risks (ii) Sustainable use and development of AnGR (iii) Conservation systems and (iv) Institutional framework and capacity building. 1 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 1.0 Background Tanzania has diverse domestic Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) that forms an important resource for economic development and enhanced livelihood. Out of 4.9 million agricultural households, about 36% keep livestock (35% are engaged in both crop and livestock production while 1% are purely livestock keepers) and the sector grew at the rate of 2.8 per annum (URT, 2017a). It is estimated that the livestock sector contributes about 6.9% of the GDP, of which 40% (2.76) comes from beef, 30% (2.07) from dairy and the remaining 30% (2.07) from other livestock sub sectors such as poultry, small ruminants and pig production (URT, 2018). Besides its share to the GDP, the livestock sector plays an important role in food security as most of its products are consumed in the country, acts as an important source of animal protein and also contributes raw materials for agro-industries and employments (URT, 2017b). It is reported that Tanzania has a livestock resource base that include about 30.5 million cattle, 18.8 million goats, 5.3 million sheep, 38.2 million indigenous chickens, 36.6 exotic and crossbred chickens, 1.9 million pigs, 135,737 rabbits, 652,000 cavies and 595,160 donkeys (URT, 2018). More than 90% of the livestock population in the country is of indigenous types (Annex 1), kept under smallholder, pastoralism and agro-pastoralism production systems for ruminants. Poultry and pigs are either raised under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive production systems. Despite this large resource, per capita consumption is only 47 litters of milk, 15 kg of meat and 106 eggs (URT, 2018). These figures are lower than those recommended by FAO of 200 litres of milk, 50 kg of meat and 300 eggs per capita consumption for human growth and development (FAO, 2018). The low levels of consumption are mainly due to low purchasing power, socio-cultural beliefs, inadequate knowledge on nutritional benefits and low productivity of the livestock strains kept. However, according to market demand and increased need for high productivity, most of the indigenous livestock species are at risk of extinction due to genetic erosion caused by indiscrimination crossbreeding and or upgrading programmes. The threat to disappearance of adaptive indigenous breeds is further heightened due to disease outbreaks, disasters and other emergencies like war, famine, drought and the degradation of grazing land (FAO 2007 cited in FAO 2015). 2 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Although, the Tanzania indigenous livestock are of low genetic potential in terms of growth rate, body size, milk production, egg production and other production attributes they merit well in terms of adapting to local environment which is characterized by seasonal and inadequate supply of quantity and quality feed and water resources. Resilience to environmental challenges and community preferences are major criteria that should be considered in animal genetic resources (AnGR) improvement that focus on breeding and conservation. Notwithstanding, conservation and utilization of animal genetic resources in Tanzania is hampered by inadequate documentation on productivity, population status, threats and inadequate recognition of the indigenous people who developed and maintained the breeds. Recent increase in human population and urbanization in Tanzania has increased demand of animal products. This has prompted more efforts to increase livestock production efficiency which has resulted into rapid changes in production systems through intensification and industrialization. There is need to coherently address the potential challenges to the livestock sector and urgently put in place enabling environments (policies and legal frameworks) in order to improve availability of more productive livestock species that can be marketed internally and externally. Thus, the rationale for preparation of Tanzania National Strategy and Action Plan for Animal Genetic Resources recognizes the significant role of animal genetic resources for enhanced national food security and overall economic development of the country. Furthermore, this action plan is a country commitment in meeting the Global Plan of Action (GAP) for animal genetic resources as per the Interlaken declaration for animal genetic resources. Strategic priorities and actions contained in this document are in line with FAO guidelines. 1.1 Situation Analysis of livestock production As described above, Tanzania is endowed with large and diverse animal genetic resources. However, the current status of AnGR is constrained due to inadequate documentation. The following sub-sections highlight the situation of important livestock species based on various documented literatures. 3 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 1.1.1 Cattle Production The genetic potential for milk and meat production of the Tanzania Shorthorn Zebu (TSZ) that makes about 97% of the cattle population in the country is generally low. Type of cattle kept under pastoralism and agro-pastoralism are mainly indigenous of different strains namely: Maasai, Fipa, Iringa Red, Singida White and Ankole which are of medium sizes (300 - 400 kg mature body weights) while Sukuma, Gogo, and Tarime are of small size (250 - 300kg). The main breed kept in ranches is Boran whose mature weight ranges from 400 to 600 kg. Under moderate management system, the indigenous cattle produce 300-500 litres of milk per lactation whereas a steer of four years of age weighs between 250 and 300 kg. However, F1 crosses between Bos taurus dairy breeds (Friesian Ayrshire and Jersey) to the TSZ yield between 2000 4000 litres of milk per lactation (Msanga et al., 2009). Comparatively, Friesian crossbred males weigh between 350-450 kg whereas crosses of Boran to beef breeds like Angus, Charolais and Chianina weigh between 450 and 500 kg at an age of four years under Tanzanian ranching environment (Said et al., 2003). Current population of dairy cattle is 783,000 producing about 30% of total country milk production of 2.4 billion litres per year (URT, 2018). The rest (70%) of milk production comes from the national indigenous herds. To reduce the gap in milk supply there has been attempts aimed at promotion of exotic dairy cattle in area where the environment is conducive. The main breeds that were or are being utilized as pure or for production of crossbreds include: Friesian, Jersey and Ayrshire Moreover, most of the dairy cattle are kept under smallholder production system in mixed farming, or peri-urban areas under zero grazing system. There is only a few medium to large scale farms owned by commercial farmers or by the public. Thus, to boost milk production and consequently increase per capita consumption of milk there is an urgent need to have strategies that will increase the size of the dairy herds, which should be coupled with improved management, services delivery and marketing. With regard to meat production, the sector is also dominated by the indigenous cattle strains (TSZ and Ankole). Together they contribute about 53% of a total red meat produced in the country whereby about 80% of these cattle are kept in the agro-pastoral system, while 14% are in the pastoral system. The remaining 6% constitutes commercial beef cattle and their crosses 4 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania (URT, 2017b). According to Said et al. (2003), there is a possibility of achieving market weights of 350-450kg and 450-800kg from male crossbreds of Friesian and Boran at four years of age, respectively when the indigenous dams are crossed with exotic beef breeds like Angus, Charolais and Chianina under Tanzanian ranching environment. Plate 1: A Farmer Ploughing his field using an ox driven plough (driven by Cattle of indigenous type) in Mpwapwa, Dodoma, Tanzania. Plate 2: An Ankole bull posing for a photo during the Indigenous Livestock Show at the Nane Nane Agricultural Exhibition Ground, Nzuguni, Dodoma, Tanzania. 5 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 1.1.2 Goat and Sheep production Goats and Sheep farming is an important economic activity in the country being practiced by about 30 percent of the agricultural households. The average flock size is 9 for goats and 7 for sheep keeping households. About 99.6 percent of the goats and sheep are of indigenous subtypes such as Red Maasai, Gogo and East Africa Black Head in case of sheep while there are Gogo White, Pare White, Ujiji, Maasai, Newala and Sonjo Red populations. Among the ruminants, goats and sheep are more widely distributed and adapted than other ruminants to many agro ecological zones in the country. At the moment, there is inadequate supply of goat and sheep meat, to meet the demands of both local and external markets. Constraints to meat production from goats and sheep are associated with their poor genetic potential in terms of growth and poor nutrition especially in the dry season. These constraints result into lower market weights of 20-25 kg at 4-5 years of age compared to 40 -50 kg at 1.5 – 2.0 years of age for improved breeds like the Dorper sheep and Boer goats (Shirima et al. 2014). The poor management from birth to market age are the results of lower quantity and poor quality of meat produced from small ruminants which do not suffice the income and nutrition to the livestock keepers (Shirima et al. 2013). The main economic value of Goats and Sheep are Meat, Milk, Skin, Manure, Biogas and traditional socio-cultural value. 1.1.3 Poultry Production According to URT, 2018, poultry contributes about 1% of the national GDP. Out of 4.9 million agriculture households, 3.8 keep poultry. Total poultry population in Tanzania is estimated at 75.8 million out of which, 38.2 million are indigenous chickens which are kept mainly under extensive production system while 36.6 million are commercial chickens mainly kept under intensive and semi intensive production systems. Indigenous chickens contribute 100% of eggs eaten in villages and 20% of those in urban areas. To a large extent commercial poultry production is done in urban and peri-urban areas. The main limiting factor in local chicken production is their low genetic potential whereby they produce 40 – 60 eggs per year compared to 200 – 300 for improved types. The main genetic limitation to commercial poultry is low survival rate, high demand of feeds, housing, health care and lack of proper information on the 6 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania breeding systems. The main economic values of Poultry are Meat, Eggs, feathers Manure and Traditional Socio-cultural value. 1.1.4 Pig Production The majority of pigs are kept under traditional management and some few which are highly productive are kept under improved management systems. Most of the pigs are crosses of Large White, Landrace, Saddleback, Hampshire and others including non-descript types. Small-scale subsistence farmers keep the majority of pigs as a backyard activity in mixed farming systems, mainly depending on forages and supplements. The performance of pigs in this system is generally low, as exemplified by the average slaughter weight of 50 – 70 kg at the age of one year against 70 – 90 at age of 9 months for improved ones. Inbreeding and lack of proper recording have resulted to poor performance of the existing pig populations. The main economic values of Pigs are Meat, Milk, Manure and Biogas. Plate 3: Some mentioned breeds of different livestock species 7 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 1.1.5 Other livestock species 1.1.5.1 Donkeys There are about 595,160 donkeys in Tanzania, which generally comprise of one breed namely Maasai donkey breed. Donkeys are more prominent in pastoral and semi-arid areas of Tanzania and used as beast of burden. In recent past there has been a surge in demand for meat and almost 280 tons of donkey meat is reported to have been exported (URT, 2018). Given the poor reproduction rate, such a demand poses a threat to the donkey population and therefore, a need to seriously regulate the donkey meat business if we have to protect the specie. 1.1.5.2 Water Buffalo The population of water buffalo is 100 and comprising of Egyptian breed (FAO, 2006). They are kept intensive system under Government Livestock Multiplication farm (Mabuki) and some few private farms (ASAS-Iringa, Taji Mohamed-Morogoro and Milk Com dairy farm-Dar es Salaam). The main use of Water buffalo is Meat, Milk, Hides, Manure, Biogas and drought power. 1.1.5.3 Camel In Tanzania, the population of camel is relatively small. However, camels are used in recreational areas whereby in some communities its meat is regarded as delicacy. In addition, camels have religious value especially among the Muslim communities. 1.1.5.4 Rabbits The total population of Rabbits in the country is 135,737 (URT, 2008). They are kept under intensive production systems. Main breeds are Chinchilla, New Zealand, American and Flemish Giant and crosses. The main uses are for meat, garden manure and furs. Also, rabbit’s furs are perceived to have medicinal value in healing of bunt wounds resulting from burns. Moreover, their urine has been regarded to have herbicidal effect to horticultural crops. 8 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 1.1.5.5 Cavies The total population of cavies in the country is 652,000 (URT, 2012). They are kept under intensive production system. Apparently, characterization has not been done hence any defined breed. The main uses of cavies include meat, manure and furs. 1.2 Rationale/Justification Tanzania has been collaborating with UN Agencies (FAO and UNDP), the CGIAR institutes, African Union (AU), SADC and other international organizations in the field of animal genetic resources management and development. Up to 1992 before the UN Convention on Biodiversity the government policy was geared towards importation of live animals and semen of exotic breeds for either upgrading the indigenous breeds or keeping them as purebred in state farms. This was because improvement of indigenous breeds through selection was perceived to take too long. This resulted into large numbers of crossbred or high-grade animals in some highland areas, including Kilimanjaro, Tanga, Iringa, Mbeya and Kagera. Likewise, several Donor agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) also participated in direct importation of purebred cattle, goats, poultry, pigs and rabbits for small scale dairy and meat development projects for poverty reduction and improvement of nutritional status of the rural households. Work done and available breeding and conservation institutions Progress and annual reports have indicated some initiatives done by the pre-colonial and post colonial governments to develop animal genetic resource diversity in last 60 to 70 years. Some of the attempts include the establishment of two Artificial Insemination (AI) centres, in northern and the northwest, Tanzania. These are the National Artificial Insemination Centre (NAIC)) located in Arusha and the Butiama Artificial Insemination Centre in Mara region. These centres were established for production and distribution of improved semen. Despite the reported initiatives, the conservation of animal genetic resources, whether in-situ or ex-situ, little efforts have been put in evaluation and conservation of the indigenous breeds. Breeds such as e.g. Jiddu cattle originally from Somalia were earlier imported for milk production for sisal settlers in Tanga. This breed and others such as Chagga, Mkalama dun and 9 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Mpwapwa have been reported to be at risk. The former has disappeared completely. Currently, the government through the Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) has extended its supports in-situ characterisation and conservation projects for cattle, goats, sheep and chicken. It is only a handful of the local breeds that are being evaluated on station, thus efforts need to be extended for other breeds that are of economic and social importance. It is from this background that adequate and appropriate attention to in-situ and ex-situ conservation management and improvement of AnGRs in Tanzania needs to be strategized. Available infrastructure including the National Artificial Insemination Centre (NAIC) could be used for ex-situ conservation of semen, ova and embryos. While, the Livestock research centres and livestock multiplication units existing in the country could be used as source of breeding stock to support initiation of in-situ conservation and improvement of animal genetic resources in different communities. There is a need also to develop capacities for undertaking both in-situ, ex-situ in-vitro and ex-situ in-vivo conservation by establishing infrastructure and training of human resources including experts in legal issues. At this end there is a strong need for international collaborations to draw expertise and experience elsewhere. 2.0 The National Strategy 2.1 The process of preparing the Tanzania National Strategy and Action Plans FAO has done substantial work in the field of AnGR management in a broad approach – addressing technical, policy and institutional issues, and taking into account interactions with other aspects of natural resource management, production system dynamics and general economic development. The State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture identified significant gaps in capacity to manage AnGR, particularly in developing countries. In response, the international community adopted the Global Plan of Action (GPA) for Animal Genetic Resources at the International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture held in Interlaken, Switzerland from 1st to 7th September. 2007. The plan included 23 strategic priorities for action grouped into four main priority areas that are characterization and monitoring; sustainable use and development; conservation; and 10 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania policies, institutions and capacity-building. The Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture was formed to oversees, monitors and evaluates the implementation of the GPA. It also adopted a funding strategy for the implementation of the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources which aims to enhance the availability, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness of the provision of substantial and additional financial resources, and to strengthen international cooperation to support and complement the efforts of developing countries and countries with economies in transition in the implementation of the GPA. FAO also developed a set of technical guidelines, and provides technical assistance and training to support capacity-building and action at country level. Through this support, Africa Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR) took initiatives to guide African National Coordinators on development of National Strategies and Action Plans (NSAPs) in a Regional training workshop that was held at Giraffe hotel, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from 13th to 15th August 2015, within the framework of the implementation of AU-IBAR project on “Strengthening the capacity of African Countries on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources in Africa”. Historically, early attempts to characterize livestock in the country were done in the 1920’s, while initiatives for coordinating AnGR started way back inthe 1990’swhen characterization work was done at Mpwapwa Livestock Research Centre. The appointment of the first coordinator (Dr. J. Msechu) was done in 2000s followed Dr. S. M. Das) who was appointed in 2005. Dr Das brought a concept of implementation of GPA as advocated by FAO. In 2013, the coordination fell under Dr. Y. Msanga and he was instrumental in establishing the first National Advisory Committee (Annex 2) in 2014 as per Interlaken declaration. The NAC members constituted various officials from the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (MLF), Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) and National Artificial Insemination Centre (NAIC). Currently, the national coordination is headed by Dr. H. Mruttu who took the position in 2015. The process of preparing the NSAP for AnGR which was facilitated by AU-IBAR and involved meeting with several stakeholders at different levels. The stakeholders involved livestock 11 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania keepers, government officials, policy makers, researchers and academicians and people from non-governmental organizations and private institutions. The exercise was preceded by a baseline survey and establishment of expert and ad hock group (Annex 3) for the initial preparatory stages. The Stakeholder’s Meeting was convened from 26th to 28th November, 2018 with the aim of reviewing and improving the draft NSAP document. Plate 4: Stakeholder meeting- 26th-28th Nov 2018 12 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 2.2 Vision, goal and objectives Vision: To have a progressive livestock sector founded on sustainable development and utilization of animal genetic resources. Goal: To guide conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGR and its contribution to the livelihoods of the people in Tanzania and the national economy at large. Objectives i) To carry out a comprehensive inventory, characterization and monitoring of trends and associated risks of livestock breeds for all species existing in the country, including their production systems; ii) To promote sustainable use of AnGR through adoption of modern technologies and indigenous knowledge; iii) To develop a comprehensive framework and ensure conservation of AnGR; iv) To influence policy and strengthen institutions capacity in terms of technical and infrastructure. 2.3 SWOC Analysis for AnGRs in Tanzania A SWOC analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges was done to elucidate status quo that will inform in the formulation of NSAP as summarized below. 2.3.1 Strengths on management and development of AnGR  Availability of abundant arable land, water and ample feed resources  Large AnGR diversity which are adapted to the local environment  , Rich local knowledge that is used in livestock management  Availability of functional multiplication units, training and research institutions and artificial insemination center  Availability of trained and skilled personnel 13 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania  Existing farmers association  Conducive policy environments  Increased involvement/collaboration of Public Private Partnership (PPP)  Availability of financial institutions 2.3.2 Weaknesses  Insufficient information on the management and performance of different breeds/strains  Inadequate and costly facilities for genetic materials delivery  Weak extension services  Lack of National Breeding Policy to provide guidance on management and utilization of AnGRs  Weak national livestock recording system  Uncoordinated and lack of continuity of genetic improvement programmes  Socio-cultural limitations towards livestock improvement  Inadequate advocacy on importance of maintaining indigenous breeds 2.3.3 Opportunities  Documented and availability of indigenous breeds and strains: cattle (Iringa Red, Maasai, Fipa, Sukuma, Mbulu, Gogo, Singida White, Pare, Chagga, Ankole, Mpwapwa and Boran); Goats (Gogo White, Sonjo Red, Pare White, Newala, Buha and Malya); Sheep (Red Maasai, Gogo and Black Head Persian), chicken (Kuchi, Singamaganzi, Ching’weke, Kawaida, Bukini and others)  Emerging local and regional markets and improved transport and communication infrastructure in Tanzania  Peace and political stability  Diverse agro-ecological condition suitable for various production systems  Government industrialization move  Increasing demand of livestock products and by-products and inclined preference for local breed products 14 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 2.3.4 Challenges  Long term investment to realize genetic improvement  Unreliable sources of improved genetic materials  Shortage of funds  Occurrence of endemic and epidemic diseases Seasonal supply of feed resources  Low number of specialized professionals  Weak implementation of mitigation to climate change  Low levels of involvement in breeding programme by the private sector  Haphazard crossbreeding 2.4 Strategic priority areas (SPA) Given the aforesaid analysis, the stakeholder agreed on the following priority areas in the course of implementing Tanzania NSAP. SPA1: Characterization of existing breeds and monitoring of trends and associated risks i) Carry out a comprehensive characterization, inventory and monitoring of trends and associated risks of livestock breeds for all species existing in the country, including their production systems. Activities:  Establish population status of existing breeds/ stains and describe the production environments  On station and on-farm characterization including molecular comparisons  Establishment of monitoring system for breeds at risk  To establish, strengthen and leverage centralized AnGR recording system SPA2: Sustainable use and development of AnGRs ii) To promote sustainable use of AnGR through adoption of modern technologies and indigenous knowledge. 15 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Activities:  Encourage the establishment of breed societies  Identification of breed niche market as incentive mechanism for farmers  Support adoption and utilization of reproductive technologies for improvement of AnGR (AI, MOET)  Establishing a breeding programme through open nucleus breeding systems for selected breeds  Use of early warning system for to predict climate changes and put in place monitoring mechanism for threats that may endanger AnGR SPA3: Conservation systems iii) Develop a comprehensive conservation framework to ensure sustainability of AnGR. Activities:  Establish and strengthen in-situ and ex-situ conservation programmes  Establishment and/or strengthening of national gene-bank  Create incentive mechanism for conservation of breeds that are losing popularity  Prepare AnGRs conservation guidelines for use by both public and private famers SPA4 Institutional frame work and Capacity Building iv) Policy, Institutions and Capacity building of key stakeholders (in terms of technical and infrastructure). Activity:  Carry out inventory of existing policy and improvement programmes  Develop institutional framework for management of AnGR  Develop capacity in management, advocacy and lobbing  Spearhead the creation of a vibrant AnGRs platform that links key stakeholders involved in conservation and management  To finalize and operationalize Animal Breeding Act 16 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania  Establish AnGR focal point at the ministry of livestock and fisheries under the department of research training and extension (DRTE) 2.5 Action Plan The Action Plan gives guidance on the management of sustainable use and conservation of Animal Genetic resources (AnGR). Strategic Intervention and Activities will demand for financial resources and capacity building to reach the intended goal. The National Strategic and Action Plan (NSAPs) as a National Compact to Implement Global Plan of action for animal genetic resources in Tanzania has a goal of guiding conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGRs. This goal will be achieved through addressing the four strategic priority areas. It is estimated that a total of Tsh 1,265,000,000 (One Billion, Two Hundred and Sixty Five Million) will be required to accomplish the planned intervention as narrated in the log-frame and budget. 2.6 Monitoring and evaluation of NSAP Monitoring of implementation of the various strategic areas will be done and reviewed from time to time as guided by the log-frame. Monitoring of activities and resource utilization will be the responsibility of the parent Ministry i.e. Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development. Once every year the National Coordinator will convene a meeting that will involve the National Advisory Committee. It is also proposed that a workshop drawing various stakeholders will be conducted once every three years to review the status of animal genetic resources in the country. 2.7 Log frame and budget Strategic Intervention Activities Expected output Target key performance Indicators Means of verification Resource Requirem ent (in million Tshs) Source of Finance Time Frame Lead Imple menter Partners organizati on G O T A U D Ps & PP P 1) Carry out a comprehensive characterization, inventory and monitoring of trends and associated risks of livestock breeds for all species existing in the country, including their production systems (SPA1) i) Establish population status of existing breeds/stains and describe the production environments Population status of breeds their distributio n and suitability maps establishe d At least 20 breeds and strains across spps and number of maps showing the distribution and suitability documented Progress reports and Available Booklets on productio n systems 50 √ √ √ June 2020 TALIRI SUA, UDSM, Nelson Mandela, LGAs, Livestock Farmers, DPM, ILRI, AU IBAR, FAO, ASARECA, RUFORUM, COSTECH, DRTE and Development partners 18 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania ii) On station and on-farm characterizati on including molecular comparisons Undescrib ed breeds phenotypi cally and molecularl y characteri zed  Number of breeds Characterize d  Number of scientific equipments available Progress reports 50 Decem ber 2023 iii)Establish ment of monitorin g system for breeds at risk Functional national Breed monitorin g system Endangered, at risk and extinct spps identified and documented Reports 65 Decem ber 2020 iv) To establish, strengthen and leverage centralized AnGR recording system Recording system establishe d One national recording system established Available Data 50 Decem ber 2023 19 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania 2) To promote sustainable use of AnGRs through adoption of modern technologies and indigenous knowledge (SPA2) i) Encourage the establishment of breed societies Breed societies establishe d and function At least 10 Breed societies established Number of breed associatio ns establishe d 50 √ June 2022 DRTE TALIRI, SUA, UDSM, Nelson Mandela, LGAs, Livestock Farmers, DPM, ILRI, AU IBAR, FAO, ASARECA, RUFORUM, Private sector, Farmers Associations COSTECH and Development partners ii)Identificatio n of breed niche market as incentive mechanism for farmers Breed niche markets identified Breed niche markets available  Reports  Markets 40 Decem ber 2021 20 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania iii) Support adoption and utilization of reproductive technologies for improvement of AnGR (AI, MOET) Increased use of new technologi es Number of technologies adopted Reports 80 Decem ber 2024 iv)Establishin g a breeding programme through open nucleus breeding systems for selected breeds open nucleus breeding systems establishe d Functional ONBS Reports 80 June 2022 v) Use of early warning system for predicting Functional national climate changes Number of monitoring mechanisms for threats that Reports 400 Decem ber 2023 21 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania climate changes and put in place monitoring mechanism for threats that may endanger AnGR monitorin g system may endanger AnGR 3) Develop a comprehensive conservation framework to ensure sustainability of AnGR (SPA3) i) Establish and strengthen in situ and ex situ conservation programmes in-situ and ex-situ conservati on establishe d and strengthen ed Number of in situ and ex situ conservation programmes Reports and AnGR conserve d 120 √ √ Decem ber201 9 DPM TALIRI, DRTE, SUA, UDSM, Nelson Mandela, LGAs, Livestock Farmers, COSTECH, ILRI, AU IBAR, FAO, ASARECA, RUFORUM, Private sector, Farmers 22 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Associations and Development partners ii)Establishme nt and/or strengthening of national gene-bank National gene-bank establishe d and strengthen Number of germplasms conserved Reports and publicatio ns 50 Decem ber 2024 iii) Create incentive mechanism for conservation of breeds that are losing popularity Increased level of awareness of AnGRs conservati on Number of farmers motivated Reports 40 Decem ber 2024 iv) Prepare AnGR conservation guidelines for use by both public and AnGRs guideline in place Number of copies developed and distributed Reports and copy 30 Decem ber 2024 23 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania private famers 4) Policy, Institutions and Capacity building of key stakeholders (in terms of technical and infrastructure) (SPA4) i) Carry out inventory of existing policy and improvement programmes Existing policies document ed Number of existing polices identified Progress reports 15 √ √ Decem ber 2019 DRTE TALIRI, DPP, SUA, UDSM, Nelson Mandela, LGAs, Livestock Farmers, DPM, ILRI, AU IBAR, FAO, COSTECH, ASARECA, RUFORUM, Private sector, Development partners ii) Develop institutional framework for management of AnGR National livestock policy reviewed and existing Number of gaps regarding AnGRs identified and institutional Reports 10 June 2019 24 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania gaps identified framework for management of AnGR developed iii) Develop capacity in management, advocacy and lobbing Catalog for funding agencies developed Number of funding agencies paid interest in assisting management of AnGR Reports and publicatio n 35 Decem ber 2024 iv) Spearhead the creation of a vibrant AnGR platform that links key stakeholders involved in conservation and management Vibrant AnGR platform Number of platform created Reports 40 Decem ber 2020 25 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania v)Identify and create a vibrant platform of AnGRs that links key stakeholders involved in conservation and management The platform that links stakeholde rs establishe d Number of platforms operating in every zone Progress reports and operating platforms 20 Decem ber 2023 vi) To finalize and operationalize Animal Breeding Act Animal breeding Act developed Animal breeding Act in operation Number of copies produced and distributed 25 Decem ber 2024 vii) Establish AnGR focal point at the ministry of livestock and fisheries under the department of Focal point at the ministry of livestock Focal point in place Reports and physical existence of the focal point 15 Decem ber 2019 26 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Research Training and Extension (DRTE) and fisheries under DRTE establishe d GRAND TOTAL 1265 3.0 References FAO (2015). The second report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome Italy. FAO. (2007): The State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome, Italy. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations (2009). Guidelines for preparation of national strategies and action plans for animal genetic resources. ISSN 1810-0708 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2018). Agriculture and Consumer Protein Department, Animal Production and Health http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/meat/background.html Mruttu, H.A. Zablon C.N and Nguluma A. (2018). Baseline Assessment Step towards Establishment of National Strategy ad Action Plans (NSAPs) for Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR) in Tanzania. A report submitted to AU-IBAR. Msanga, Y. N., C. Makundi, N. Mbwambo and A. Temba (2009). Cattle improvement in Tanzania with emphasis on management of field Artificial Insemination sevices. Paper to be presented at the 33rd TSAP conference to be held at Mwanza on 22- 25 September, 2009 Njogu, J.M. (2006) Importance of Record Keeping in Livestock Production. A book on Importance of Record Keeping in Livestock Production for Dairy farmers and farm managers Said, R., Bryant, M. and Msechu, J. (2003). The Survival, Growth and Carcase Characteristics of Crossbred Beef Cattle in Tanzania. Tropical Animal Health and Production (2003) 35: 441-454. doi:10.1023/A:1025819613895 Shirima, E. J. M., Mtenga, L. A., Kimambo, A. E., Laswai, G. H., Mgheni, D. M., Mushi,D. E. and Hozza, W. A. (2013). Effects of Days in Feedlot on Physico-Chemical Properties and Meat Tenderness from Tanzanian Long Fat-Tailed Sheep. Journal of Animal Production Advances 2: 40–48. Shirima, E. J. M., Mtenga, L. A., Kimambo, A. E., Laswai, G. H., Mgheni, D. M., Mushi,Shija, D. S. and Safari, J. G. (2014). Influence of age at entry and level of concentrate feeding on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot-finished Tanzanian long-fat -tailed sheep.Tropical Animal Health and Production 46(5): 815–822. 28 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania United Republic of Tanzania (2012). Tanzania National Economy Survey, National Bureau of Statistics United Republic of Tanzania (2017a). Tanzania Bureau of Statistics (NBS) report United Republic of Tanzania (2017b). Tanzania Livestock Master Plan (TLMP) United Republic of Tanzania (2018). Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Budget Speech 2018/2019 United Republic of Tanzania (2018). National Sample Census Of Agriculture Small Holder Agriculture Volume III: Livestock Sector – National Report Acknowledgment Sincere gratitude is due to the National Advisory Committee (NAIC) and volunteered Animal Genetic Expert and Ad hoc Group members for advices to make this task successful. Lastly and not list, I thank the Animal Genetic Recourses working group members namely Dr. James J.K. Msechu (Former National Coordinator for Management of Animal Generic Resources), Dr. Sachin Das (Former National Coordinator for Management of Animal Generic Resources); Dr. Msanga (Former National Coordinator for Management of Animal Genetic Resources), Dr. Hassan Mruttu (Current National Coordinator for Management of Animal Genetic Resources), Dr. B. Tungu, Dr. Zabron Nziku, Dr. Athumani Nguluma, Mr. Aluna Chawala, Mr. Gilbert Msuta, Ms. Neema S. Uarssa, Ms. Mary Yongolo and Mr. Daniel Moshy for their day-to-day assistance that made this work successful. 29 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Annexes Annex 1: Livestock Breed-types/strains Population and some important parameters estimates based on Species a) Population estimates Species List of Breed-types/strains Population Estimates Cattle 1. Tanzania Shorthorn Zebu (TSZ) Breed-types/strains are: i. Chagga 0 ii. Gogo 929,084 iii. Iringa red 2,858,169 iv. Maasai 5,574,506 v. Mkalama Dun vi. Mbulu 3,587,253 vii. Tarime 3,526,337 viii. Singida white 4,645,421 ix. Sukuma 6,583,590 Total TSZ 27,704,360 2. Tanzania Boran 103,200 3. Sanga Breed-types/strains are: i. Ankole 1,250,000 ii. Fipa 441,690 Total Sanga Cattle 1,691,690 4. Ayrshire 61,920 5. Friesian 133,840 6. Jersey 9,536 7. Mpwapwa 800 8. Sahiwal 2,384 9. Crosses 811,500 Total Cattle Population 30,519,230 Sheep 1. Blackhead Persian (BHP) 11,239 2. East African Blackheaded (EBh) 1,500,052 3. Red Maasai (RM) 1,000,180 4. Tanzania Long-tailed (TLt) Breed-types/strains are: i. Kasulu Unknown ii. Man'gati/Mbulu Unknown iii. Sukuma Unknown 30 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania iv. Urambo Unknown v. Gogo Unknown Total Tanzania Long-tailed (TLt) 2,800,627 Total Sheep Population 5,312,098 Goats 1. Small East African (SEA) 18,188,987 Breed-types/strains are: i. Gogo 2,887,319 ii. Luguru 0 iii. Maasai 3,864,783 iv. Newala 897,464 v. Pare white 2,732,391 vi. Sonjo Red 954,928 vii. Sukuma 4,042,247 viii. Ujiji 2,809,855 2. Anglo-Nubian 672 3. Boers 1680 4. Malya (Blended) 1984 5. Norwegian 1903 6. Saanen 1680 7. Toggenburg 3359 8. Crosses 592,521 Total Goat Population 18,792,786 Pig 1. Local Tanzania Pigs (LTz Pigs) 483,746 2. Hampshire 19,000 3. Landrace 95,000 4. Large White 133,000 5. Saddleback 38,000 6. Crosses 1,140,000 Total Pig Population 1,908,746 Donkey 1. Maasai Donkey 595,160 2. Muscat 0 Total Donkey Population 595,160 Camel Unknown breeds Unknwn Total Camel Population Unkwn Poultry 1. Indigenous Chicken (Ind.C) Breed-types/strains are: i. Bukin Unknwn ii. Ching'wekwe Unknwn iii. Kawaida Unknwn iv. Kinyavu Unknwn v. Kishingo Unknwn 31 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania vi. Kuchi Unknwn vii. Mbeya Unknwn viii. Morogoro Medium Unknwn ix. Morogoron small Unknwn x. N'zenzegere Unknwn xi. Pemba Unknwn xii. Singamagazi Unknwn xiii. Tanga Unknwn xiv. Unguja Unknwn Total Indigenous Chicken Population 38,228,444 2. Layers (Exotics and Crosses) 14000000 3. Broilers (Exotics and Crosses) 22600000 Total Chicken Population 74,828,444 1. Greyleg goose Unknwn 2. White footed Goose Unknwn Total Goose Population Unknown Guinea fowl Unknown Total Guinea fowl Population Unknown Guinea pig Unknown Total Guinea pig Population Unknown Total Known Poultry Population (Chicken) 74,828,444 Rabbits 1. Black Satin Unknwn 2. California White Unknwn 3. Carolina White Unknwn 4. Chinchilla Unknwn 5. Flemish Giant Unknwn 6. New Zealand White Unknwn Total Rabbit Population 135,737 Horse Horse Unknwn Total Horse Population Unknown Cavies Local Breed 652,000 Total Cavies Population 652,000 Buffalo Egyptian 60 Total Buffalo Population 32 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania b) Summary of some important parameters based on Livestock Species and Breeds Species Breed Parameters Parturition rate* Prolificacy rates** Mortality rates Weight Adult (Kg) Dressing % Milk yield (Lts) Lactation Length (Days) Cattle Local TSZ 0.61 1 2%-20% 260-380 51-53 270 to 1,200 250 Sanga Mpwapwa Boran Exotics Ayrshire 0.67 1 2%-10% 350-400 1,550 to 2,200 305 Friesian Jersey Sahiwal Crosses Sheep Local EBh 1.5 1.2 2 - 7% 38-40 45-47 NA NA TLt Red Maasai Exotic BHP 1.6 1.1 2 - 6% 47-50 50 Goats Local SEA 1.5 1.3 2 - 20% 38-65 48 NA NA Malya 1.5 50 90 180 Exotics Anglo Nubian 1.5 2 - 12% 49-70 50 500 187 Boer 53 Norwegian 50 Saanen Toggenburg Crosses Pigs Local LTz Pigs 2 6 2 - 30% 55-60 60 Exotics Hampshire 8 - 10 2 - 15% 72-90 70 NA NA Landrace Large White Saddleback Crosses Chicken Local Local Not established Not established 8 - 40% 1.2-1.5 80 NA NA Exotics Layers 2 - 5% 1.2-1.6 85.5 NA NA Broilers i. Parturition rate, defined as the number of parturitions per female per year ii. ** Prolificacy, defined as the number of live offspring per parturition and thus Prolificacy rate means producing offspring in great abundance or litter size at birth. iii. NA means Not Applicable 33 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Annex 2: Members of AnGR National Advisory Committee (NAC) and Ministry Working Group (MWG) a) National Advisory Committee (NAC) No. Name Institution Responsibility 1. Dr. Y. N. Msanga Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Chairman 2. Dr. H. Mruttu Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Secretary 3. Mr. Abdala Temba Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Member 4. Mrs. S. Kiango Tanzania Meat Board Member 5. Dr. Mayasa Simba Tanzania Meat Board Member 6. Director NAIC, Arusha National Artificial Insemination Centre Member 7. Dr. S. Mbagga Sokoine University of Agriculture Member 8. Prof. S. Chenyambuga Sokoine University of Agriculture Member 9. Dr. B. Tungu Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member 10. Mr. Chawala Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member 11. Dr. Pius Mwambene Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member b) Ministry Working Group (MWG) No. Name Institution Responsibility 12. Dr. H. Mruttu Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Chairman 13. Dr. Zablon C. Nzinku Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Secretary 14. Mr. Chawala Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member 15. Athumani S. Nguluma Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member 16. Dr. B. Tungu Tanzania Livestock Research Institute Member 34 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania Annex 3: List and contacts of potential AnGR Expert and Ad hoc Group members for Tanzania No. Member Coverage Institute Contact 1. DR. Paul Michael Mollel (Veterinarian) National National Artificial Insemination Center (NAIC) Director, National Artificial Insemination Centre P.O.Box 7141 Arusha. Email: paulmollel@hotmail.com Mobile: +255754 317118/+255715317118 2. Prof. Mohammed A. Sheikh (Environmental analytical chemistry and eco toxicologist) National Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH) Director Research, Box 4302, COSTECH, msheikh@costech.or.tz/ sheikhmali2003@yahoo.com +255778200 900/+255 782 706 668 3. Patricia Peter Ngoda (Animal Scientist) National National Artificial Insemination Centre (NAIC) Livestock Officer, National Artificial Insemination Centre, P.O.Box 7141 Arusha. Mobile: +255759289210/+255682594294 Email: peterpatricia78@yahoo.com 4. Husen Mabochi Mbahe (ICT Specialist) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, 40487 Dodoma. Email: mabochidm@gmail.com Mobile: +255754471478 5. Rose Loina, (Animal breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, P.O.Box 5016, TALIRI-Tanga. Email: rloina@yahoo.com Mobile: 0717-539383 6. Dr Said H. Mbaga (Animal Breeder) National Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Science, P.O Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania. Email: mbagash@yahoo.com Mobile: +255784521628 7. Salum Kuwi based (Molecular Geneticist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI Kongwa, P.O.Box 5, KONGWA. Email: bysalu@hotmail.com Mobile phone number is 0782039469 8. George F. Fupi (Range Scientist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Animal Scientist, TALIRI Kongwa, P. O. Box 5, Kongwa, Dodoma. Email: gefupi@gmail.com Mobile:....... 9. Jonas B. Kizima (Rangelands Scientist & Pasture agronomist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Ag Director -Division of Livestock Technology Transfer, Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI), Headquarter office- Dodoma, P.o Box 2870, DODOMA, TANZANIA. Email: jkizima@yahoo.com Mobile: +255 713 483126 10. Wilfred G.Munisi (Poultry breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Ag DIRECTOR, TALIRI-Kongwa, P. O. Box 5, 35 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania No. Member Coverage Institute Contact Kongwa,DODOMA-TANZANIA. Email: wilfredmunisi@yahoo.com Mobile: +255712323881/0676853735 11. Dr. Jeremia Theodos Choga (Veterinarian) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Veterinary Officer - ZVC Iringa, P .O. Box 290, Iringa; TANZANIA. Email: chogajeremia@yahoo.com chogajerry@gmail.com Mobile: +255 754 549 662 12. Mathew Sanga (Animal Scientist) National Regional Administration and Local Government Head of the Department - Livestock and Fisheries; Iringa District Council, P.O.Box 108, Iringa, Email: msanga.1@hotmail.com Mob. 0767013276 13. Liberatus Katabazi (Animal Nutritionist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research scientist Tanzania Livestock TALIRI-Kongwa, P.O.BOX 5 Kongwa, DODOMA. Email: libekata@gmail.com Mobile: 0753748908 14. Said Abdallah Mbelwa (Animal Breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI – Tanga, P.O.Box 5016, Tanga, Email: said78mbelwa@gmail.com Mobile: 0656098992 15. Prof. Sebastian W. Chenyambuga (Molecular Geneticist) National Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Research Sciences, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Email: chenya@sua.ac.tz Mobile: +255784754574/758235121 16. Angela Majoya (Animal Scientist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Animal Research Scientist, TALIRI- Tanga, P.O.Box 5016, Tanga. Mail: davangelama@gmail.com Mobile: +255685565685/716398600. 17. Daniel P. Mushy (Animal Nutritionist) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, 40487 Dodoma. Email: danikilasara@yahoo.co.uk Mobile: +255754027622 18. Rogers Mihael Shengoto (Animal breeder) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, 40487 Dodoma. Email: rshengoto@yahoo.com Mobile: +255784 892927/715992927. 19. Christine Ndayishima (Veterinarian) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, 40487 Dodoma. Email: ndayishimac@gmail.com Mobile: +255784817887 20. Aluna Chawala (Animal Breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Animal Research Scientist, TALIRI-Mpwapwa, P.O.Box 202, Mpwapwa, Dodoma. Email: Aluna.Chawala@sruc.ac.uk Mobile: +447555403293/+255763754521 21. Ombeni Julius Msangi (Nutritionist and Range Management) National Regional Administration and Local Government Principal Livestock Officer, Kibaha District Council, Department of Livestock and Fisheries P.O. BOX 30153 Kibaha, 36 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania No. Member Coverage Institute Contact Email: ombenimsangi16@gmail.com Mobile: +255754367968 22. George Msalya (Livestock Geneticist) National Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Research Sciences, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Email: msalya@sua.ac.tz Mobile: 0763550246 23. John Theodosias Kaijage (Animal Nutritionist) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Principal Livestock Research Officer, Department of Animal Production and Fisheries Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, Dodoma Email: kaijage2000@yahoo.com Mobile: +255754532073 24. Gilbert Msuta (Animal Breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI Headquarter office-Dodoma P.O Box 834, Dodoma Email: gmsuta@gmail.com Mobile: +255 655 420 703 25. Neema S. Urassa (Socio-economics of livestock production) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI Headquarter office-Dodoma P.O Box 834, Dodoma. Email: nsurassa@yahoo.co.uk Mobile: +255714773336 26. Joseph Lusan Msemwa, (Senior Livestock Tutor) National Livestock Training Agency (LITA) Animal Scientist, LITA Tenegeru, P.O.Box 3101, Arusha, Email: msemwajoseph@yahoo.com Mobile: +255769522045 27. Pius Lazaro Mwambene (Veterinarian and Molecular Geneticist) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Principal Veterinary Research Scientist, Department of Research, Training and Extension (DRTE), Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, Dodoma Email: piusmwambene@gmail.com Mobile: +255754015035 28. Mary Yongolo (Extensionist) National Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Agricultural Education & Extension Specialist, Department of Research, Training and Extension (DRTE), Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2870, Dodoma. Email: yongolomary@yahoo.com Mobile: +255754332929 29. Zablon Cathbet Nzinku (Animal Breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI - Tanga, P.O.Box 5016, Tanga. Email: czabronn@gmail.com Mobile: +255742808703/785808703 30. Deogratias Fidelis Masao National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Officer, TALIRI-Mpwapwa, P.O. Box 202, Email: dfmasao@yahoo.co.uk Mobile: +255 717 474268 31. Athumani S. Nguluma (Animal Breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI-West Kilimanjaro, P.O. Box 147, Sanya Juu, Siha, Kilimanjaro. Email: asnguluma@yahoo.com Mobile: +255654899696 37 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania No. Member Coverage Institute Contact 32. Kabuni Thomas Kabuni (Embryo Biotechnologist) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI-Mpwapwa, P.O.BOX 202 Mpwapwa, Dodoma Email: kabuni.kabuni@gmail.com Mobile: +255 657 168 228 33. Onesmo Lyahama (Animal breeder) National Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Livestock Research Scientist, TALIRI - Kongwa Box 5 Kongwa Email: lyahamao@gmail.com Mobile:....... 34. Dr. Gabriel M. Shirima (Veterinarian) Regional Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology Senior lecturer, Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania. Email: gabriel.shirima@nm-aist.ac.tz Mobile: +255 763 973 003 35. Abraham Assefa, (Agroecologist/Animal Ecologist) Regional Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute Director, Animal Biodiversity Directorate, Email: abiab1975@gmail.com Mobile: Tel +251911464607 36. Maximillian Manzi (Animal Breeding and Genetics) Regional Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) Senior Research Fellow, P. O Box 5016, Kicukiro District, Rubilizi, Kigali-Rwanda, Email:manzimax2002@yahoo.co.uk Mobile:+250788479401 37. Eliakim Hakizimana Regional Ministère de l'Environnement, Agriculture et de l'Elevage, Coordonnateur National des Ressources Génétiques Animales DIRECTION GENERALE DE L'ELEVAGE, CONSEILLER BURUNDI. Email: hanekim@yahoo.fr Mobile: +257 79 98 17 18 38. Mr. Cleopas Okore (Animal Breeder) Regional Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Deputy Director/National Coordinator for AnGR, P. O. Box 34188 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya. Email: okorecleopas@gmail.com Mobile:+254-20-272260;+254-733 816348 39. Dr. Amos Omore (Animal Scientist) International International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) ILRI Tanzania Country Representative, Box 34441, ILRI office-Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Email: a.omore@cgiar.org Mobile: +255758 560 452 40. Paul Boettcher (Animal Breeder) International Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Animal Production and Genetics Unit, Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153 Rome, Italy, Email: paul.boettcher@fao.org Phone: +39 06 570 55620 38 National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania