National Human Rights Action Plan 2016-2020

Tuvalu National Human Rights Action Plan 2016-2020 Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 Produced by the Attorney General’s Office of Tuvalu and the Pacific Community Suva, Fiji, 2016 ii © Government of Tuvalu 2016 All rights for commercial/for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. Original text: English Pacific Community Cataloguing-in-publication data Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016 – 2020 / by the Attorney General’s Office of Tuvalu and the Pacific Community 1. Human rights — Tuvalu. 2. Human rights — Law and legislation — Tuvalu. 3. Social justice — Tuvalu. I. Title II. Tuvalu III. Pacific Community 323.099682 AACR2 ISBN: 978-982-00-1046-8 Prepared for publication at SPC’s Suva Regional Office Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji, 2016 Printed by: Quality Print, Suva, Fiji Contact for the National Action Plan 2016–2020: The Attorney General Office of the Attorney General Vaiaku Funafuti, Tuvalu This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the Attorney General’s Office of Tuvalu and the Pacific Community (SPC) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 iii Contents Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................................................iv Prime Minister of Tuvalu ......................................................................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................................................................................................v List of Abbreviations ...........................................................................................................................................................................vi Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................................1 Tuvalu’s Human Rights Profile ..............................................................................................................................................................2 Unratified Core Human Rights Treaties ...............................................................................................................2 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court .............................................................................................. 2 Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council ............................................................................................... 2 Universal Periodic Review ....................................................................................................................................2 Linking the NAP to the Te Kakeega III ...................................................................................................................................................4 Linking the NAP to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ...........................................................................................................7 Protection and Promotion of Human Rights in Tuvalu ........................................................................................................................16 Human rights issues in the Tuvalu community ...................................................................................................................................21 Children’s Rights .................................................................................................................................................................................26 Women’s Rights .................................................................................................................................................................................29 Rights of Persons with Disabilities ......................................................................................................................................................33 Appendix 1, 2 and 3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................35 References .........................................................................................................................................................................................40 iv Foreword Prime Minister of Tuvalu The Tuvaluan government is pleased to present its National Action Plan (NAP), which has been designed to reflect Tuvalu’s commitment, priorities and concerted efforts towards building our nation where the human rights of our people are safeguarded and protected. As a small island nation, we can be proud that we are also the first among the Pacific Island states and one of the few countries in the world to have a comprehensive National Action Plan for human rights. In relation to this endeavour, we thank all those who have been tasked with putting this living document together; especially the acting Attorney General, Laigane Italeli Maina, through her proficient leadership, and her team. This National Action Plan has not been drawn in isolation from Tuvalu’s existing human rights obligations as it also draws on Tuvalu’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR) commitments, treaty body recommendations and our own internal priorities as stipulated in our national development plan, the Te Kakeega III. When designing this National Action Plan, we were mindful of the challenges that come with implementing various commitments. Our main challenge is dealing with climate change and its adverse impact on the human rights of our people, but we are a resilient people and as a nation, we will continue to strive to better the lives of our people while raising our voices to highlight these impacts of climate change. We will call upon the donor communities and international communities, who demand so much of us, to also assist us in navigating through our challenges while continuing to improve the living conditions of our people. In doing so, no Tuvaluans will be left behind. Our development priorities will assist the marginalised, the old and the young, our men, women and children, our people with disabilities and all those who call Tuvalu home. It is in realising our most basic and fundamental rights that we realise our basic dignity and worth as human beings. Tuvalu Mo Te Atua Hon Enele Sosene Sopoanga Prime Minister Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 v Acknowledgments The Government of Tuvalu expresses its sincere appreciation to the Pacific Community Regional Rights Resource Team (SPC RRRT), especially Mr. Romulo Nayacalevu, Senior Human Rights Adviser, for the technical assistance in the development of this National Action Plan. The process of developing this plan was the result of a cabinet decision in 2016. The cabinet decision was the result of a human rights consultation, which was organised by SPC RRRT for the Tuvalu Members of Parliament in 2015. SPC RRRT was assisted by UN Women and the UNICEF Pacific Office during the National Action Plan workshop. Workshop participants included government ministries, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other stakeholders. Participants guided the process and provided the information and priority areas that are reflected in this plan. The government congratulates and thanks all ministries and departments for being part of this important process for Tuvalu. Special thanks to the acting Attorney General, Mrs. Laigane Italeli Maina, Mr. Efren Jogia, Senior crown counsel and the staff of the Attorney General’s office for coordinating this process. Tuvalu MP’s Consultation on Human Rights and Good Governance by SPC RRRT, Funafuti 2015. It was following this MP’s consultation that Cabinet approved the formulation of this NAP. vi List of Abbreviations AG Attorney General APF Asia Pacific Forum on National Human Rights Institution CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women ComPol Commissioner of Police CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child CRPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ILO International Labour Organisation MCT Ministry of Communication and Transport MDGs Millennium Development Goals MEYS Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports MFATTEL Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Tourism, Environment and Labour MHARD Ministry of Home Affairs and Rural Development MNR Ministry of Natural Resources MOFED Ministry of Finance and Economic Development MOH Ministry of Health MPUI Ministry of Public Utilities and Industries NAP National Action Plan OHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OPs Optional Protocols OPL Office of the People’s Lawyer OPM Office of the Prime Minister PIFS Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat PPDVP Pacific Prevention on Domestic Violence Programme SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SIDS Small Islands Developing States SPC RRRT Pacific Community Regional Rights Resource Team SPC RRRT CFO Pacific Community Regional Rights Resource Team Country Focal Officer TK III Te Kakeega III TNCW Tuvalu National Council of Women TPS Tuvalu Police Service UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UNW United Nations Women UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UN W United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 1 Introduction Tuvalu’s 1986 Constitution protects and promotes the human rights of Tuvaluans while recognising the importance of culture and traditions. Human Rights and culture are not opposing concepts but mutually reinforcing in that they promote the entitlements and privileges of all Tuvaluans to live a life that protects their humanity and dignity. The language of rights may be a ‘foreign’ concept to Tuvaluans, yet its realities are manifested in the daily needs of the people and it encompasses all human rights such as the right to life, education, health and housing, as well as freedom of expression, opinion, thought and religion, and even cultural rights. It is important for the state and its people to continue to work towards realising basic fundamental rights and freedoms. The state has the duty of realising and providing these rights to the people, and the people who are the rights holders have a duty to hold the state accountable for the realisation of their human rights (see diagram below). In Tuvalu, the discourse on human rights must consider the principles on which the Tuvaluan society is founded, including religious, cultural and traditional values. However for human rights to flourish in Tuvaluan society, there is a recognised need for ongoing dialogue between the government and the people of Tuvalu as they progressively respond to the changing needs of the Tuvaluan society with human rights principles. This National Action Plan (NAP) captures Tuvalu’s existing commitments under human rights treaties to which it is a state party – the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). It also captures Tuvalu’s commitments under the Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Te Kakeega III- 2016–2020 (TK III). This NAP strives to consolidate the government’s human rights commitments in ensuring a systematic and coordinated approach to delivery of the government’s commitment and achieving other desired development outcomes in order to strengthen the realisation of human rights in Tuvalu. As a small island nation, Tuvalu is constantly challenged by many competing factors and priorities that can hamper the realisation of fundamental human rights. One of the biggest threats to Tuvalu is climate change and its impact on the basic rights of Tuvaluans, such as the right to housing or food. The world, especially the big polluters, needs to keep its commitment to reducing carbon emissions, as well as commit more money and resources to assist small island nations like Tuvalu in preparation for the global and climatic changes that pose a great threat to the human rights and the dignity of Tuvaluans. Development partners, including the Pacific Community, the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Pacific Island Development Forum, United Nations agencies and international donors should work with the Tuvaluan Government in realising human rights, especially as envisioned in Tuvalu’s Te Kakeega III and captured in this NAP. Mutual cooperation and reciprocated ability will undoubtedly strengthen Tuvalu’s commitment to better protect the rights of its people, especially those who are most vulnerable and marginalised. The reciprocal relationship Between rights holders and duty bearers Duty Bearer Accountability Right Holder Participation Fullfills responsability towards Government Citizens Claims rights from 2 Tuvalu’s Human Rights Profile Ratification Table (As at December 2016) Treaty Date of Ratification/ Accession Reporting Status CEDAW 6 October 1999 Initial to 2nd Periodic Report Submitted: 2 July 2008 Reviewed: 2009 Concluding Observations Issued: 2009 3rd – 5th Periodic Report Submitted: 5 November 2012 Reviewed: 2015 Concluding Observations Issued: March 2015 5th Periodic Report Due: March 2019 CRC 22 September 1995 Initial: 16 February 2012 Reviewed: 2013 Concluding Observations Issued: October 2013 2nd – 4th Periodic Report Due: October 2017 CRPD 18 December 2013 Initial Report Due: 18 January 2016 Source: http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/ layouts/TreatyBodyExternal/countries.aspx?CountryCode=TUV&Lang=EN Unratified Core Human Rights Treaties ICCPR – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR – International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights CAT – Convention against Torture, Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment CERD – Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination CRWM – Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers and their Families CED – Convention against Enforced Disappearances Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Not a State Party: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en menus/asp/states%20parties/asian%20states/Pages/asian%20states.aspx Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council Standing Invitation Issued to Special Procedures: 26 April 2013: http://spinternet.ohchr.org/ Layouts/ SpecialProceduresInternet/StandingInvitations.aspx Visit of Special Rapporteur on the Right to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation in 2010: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ Countries/AsiaRegion/Pages/TVIndex.aspx Universal Periodic Review 1st Cycle: 1 December 2008 2nd Cycle: 24 April 2013 3rd Cycle: April-May 2018 Source: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/TVSession16.aspx Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 3 Process for implementing this National Action Plan (NAP) The Government of Tuvalu is committed to realising human rights in order to improve the lives of individuals in Tuvalu. The government is committed to advancing all of the responsibilities identified in this NAP. In implementing this plan, the government will look to donors, development partners and others for assistance in ensuring that the goals and objectives of this plan are realised. The TK III is the framework for ensuring that development priorities continue to be considered and prioritised for the most vulnerable people in the community. The government’s human rights focal responsibilities are currently dealt with by the Office of the Attorney General. The overseeing of treaties is provided by the CRC, CEDAW and the CRPD taskforces. However, human rights is mainstreamed in government through key departments and ministries including the Office of the Prime Minister, which houses the Gender Affairs Department; the Ministry of Education, as, which houses the CRC (although discussions are ongoing to move the responsibilities of the CRC to the AG’s office); and the Ministry of Health. The process of implementation for this NAP is drawn from the Handbook on NAP by OHCHR and is as follows: • Consult with government and NGOs • Appoint focal ministry • Government endorsement • Public announcement • Organise meeting with stakeholders on plan • Establish coordinating committee • Frequent meetings of coordinating committee • Conceptualise plan • Establish Secretariat • Establish sectoral working groups • Consult with NGOs, donors, development partners and interest groups • Prepare baseline study • Identify priorities, issues of special focus, needs of vulnerable groups • Consider time frames • Cabinet approval • Launch plan • Regular meetings of coordinating committee • Work with implementing partners • Action by implementing agencies and partners • Consultation and networking • Media and dissemination of strategies • Human rights education • Parliamentary endorsement • Develop reporting formats • Semi-annual assessments by coordinating committee • Input by civil society groups • Consultations and networking • Feedback to implementing agencies • Reports to parliament and general public • Consider annual reports on implementation • Appoint review panel • Reports to parliament and general public • Makes recommend ations for successor plan 4 Linking the NAP to the Te Kakeega III Tuvalu’s development priorities are found in the Te Kakeega III, which is the blueprint for the government’s action on improving the quality of life of the people of Tuvalu. While the Te Kakeega III is written in terms of development, most of the aspirations within this key government document are linked to human rights, including the rights to education, health, life, housing, employment, voting and participation in both national and local government. In order to fulfil these development goals, the government is also realising fundamental human rights that emanate from its obligations under international human rights instruments such as CEDAW, CRC, CRPD and the UPR process. The table below shows the linkage between the Te Kakeega III and the key human rights instruments that Tuvalu has ratified, including the Universal Declaration for Human Rights (UDHR), which is the world’s leading document on international human rights. Table 1: The Linkage between the Development Priorities in the TK III to Human Rights Te Kakeega III Page Rights UDHR CEDAW CRC CRPD Climate Change 5–9 Affects all the fundamental human rights in these treaties Good Governance Laws of Tuvalu Judiciary Media Law Enforcement Parliament 10–15 Government Article 21 Articles 3, 4 Article 3 Articles 3, 29 Equality before the law Article 6 Articles 2, 15 Article 2 Articles 4, 5, 12 Due process Independence Access to justice Articles 8, 10, 11 Article 2 (c) Articles 3, 40 Articles 3 13 Freedom of expression Article 19 Article 13 Article 8 Protection Arbitrary Articles 5, 12 Articles 14, 15, 16 Arrest Article 9 Article 40 Articles 14, 29 Right to choose government Article 21 Article 7 Article 12 Article 29 Economy 16–20 Social security Article 22 Articles 11 (1d), 14 (2c) Article 26 Article 28 Right to work Article 23 Article 11 Article 32 Article 27 Health 20–23 Right to the highest attainable standard of health Article 25 Articles 12, 14 (2 b) Article 24 Article 25 Right to life Article 3 Article 6 Article 10 Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 5 Te Kakeega III Page Rights UDHR CEDAW CRC CRPD Social Population Emigration Poverty Employment Community Affairs Culture Gender 23–26 Articles 3, 14 (2a) Article 28 Article 16 (e) Freedom of movement Article 13 Article 18 Adequate standard of living Article 25 Article 14 (2h) Article 27 Article 28 Social security Article 22 Articles 11(e), 14 (2c) Article 26 Article 28 Right to work Article 23 Article 11 (2a) Article 32 Article 27 Duties to the community/ inclusivity Article 29 Article 14 (2f) Article 29 (c, d) Article 19 Right to culture Article 27 Articles 5, 29 (c), 31 Article 30 Non discrimination Article 2 All articles Article 2 Articles 5, 6 Falekaupule and Island Development Falekaupule Government Sea Transport and Shipping Services 27–29 Duties to the community/ inclusivity Cultural Life Article 29 Article 27 Article 14 (2 h) Articles 3, 5 Article 19 Article 30 Right to health (water and sanitation) Right to education Right to work Article 25 Article 26 Article 23 Articles 12, 14, (2b) Articles 10, 14 (2d) Articles 11, 14 (2e) Article 24 Articles 28, 29 Article 32 Article 25 Article 24 Article 27 Freedom of movement Article 13 Articles 9, 18 Private Sector Development Employment and Trade 30–26 Right to work Article 23 Articles 11, 14 (2e) Article 32 Article 27 Rest and leisure Article 24 Article 11 Article 31 Article 30 Social security Article 22 Article 11 (e) Article 26 Article 28 6 Te Kakeega III Page Rights UDHR CEDAW CRC CRPD Education and Human Resources Education and Training Youth and Sports 37–41 Right to Education Article 26 Articles 10, 14 (2d) Articles 28, 29 Article 24 Natural Resources Fisheries Agriculture Land and Sea 41–47 Affects a range of rights including food, life, health, property, etc. See above as per the rights to health, life, property, etc. See above as per the rights to health, life, property, etc. Article 29 (e) See above as per the rights to health, life, property, etc. As above As above As above Infrastructure and Support Services Water and Sanitation Telecom and Communications Public Works Maritime Services 48–54 Right to health Article 25 Article 14 (2h) Article 27 Article 28 Freedom of information, expression Article 19 Article 13 Article 21 Accessibility Article 9 Freedom of movement Article 13 Article 9 Environment 55–59 Affects a range of rights including food, life, health, property, etc. Article 29 (e) Articles 3, 4 Migration and Urbanisation 60–63 Ocean and Seas 64–66 Extract of SIDS ACCELERATED MODALITIES OF ACTION [S.A.M.O.A.] Pathway …We reaffirm the importance of freedom, peace and security, respect for all human rights, including the right to development and the right to an adequate standard of living, including the right to food, the rule of law, gender equality, women’s empowerment, reducing inequalities and the overall commitment to just and democratic societies for development. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 7 Linking the NAP to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) As a member of the international community, Tuvalu has committed to realising the SDGs. The SDGs complement Tuvalu’s ongoing and existing development priorities in the TK III as well as other international human rights commitments. The table below captures the complementarity between the SDGs, human rights generally and the recommendations from Tuvalu’s second cycle of the UPR. While there are 17 SDGs, this section does not exhaustively discuss all their linkages to human rights. However, as envisaged by the United Nations, the goals are, over a 15-year period, envisioned to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all, while welcoming the participation of all people in a country. Tuvalu will continue to work with development partners and donors to realise progress around some of these crucial areas. The TK III also draws from the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) S.A.M.O.A Pathway. This demonstrates the correlation between the existing commitments of Pacific governments to SDGs and the commitment of SIDS to the 15 priority areas that are within the SIDS strategy, which are drawn from the Barbados Programme of Action and the Mauritius Strategy. These 15 priority areas include sustained and sustainable, inclusive and equitable economic growth with decent work for all; climate change, sustainable energy, disaster risk reduction, oceans and seas, food security and nutrition; water and sanitation; sustainable transportation; sustainable production and consumption; management of chemicals and waste; health and NCDs; gender equality and women’s empowerment; social development; biodiversity and invasive alien species. Whether Tuvalu’s commitment is in the TK III or the SIDS Samoa Pathway, they are not isolated commitments to human rights but rather form part of the government’s commitment to improve the quality of life for people in Tuvalu (see below). Ultimately, the goal of SDGs and the Samoan Pathway is to reduce poverty, encourage sustainable development and ensure that all people have access to the most basic resources that will ensure the full realisation of their human rights. An illustrative guide of the SDGs and human rights from OHCHR follows this table. Table 2: The linkages with Tuvalu’s Existing Human Rights Obligations SDGs Rights affected UPR1 (2nd Cycle) CEDAW CRC CRPD No Poverty • Dignity • Education • Health • Housing • Life • Property • Adequate standard of living Recommendation 82.59 Articles 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Articles 26, 32, 6, 27 Articles 26, 27, 28, 10 Zero Hunger • Life • Health • Employment • Education • Cruel and degrading treatment • Social security Recommendation 82.59 Articles 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 Articles 6, 24, 26, 32 Articles 10, 25, 28, 27 1. Tuvalu Working Group Report: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/TVSession16.aspx 8 SDGs Rights affected UPR1 (2nd Cycle) CEDAW CRC CRPD Good Health and Well-being • Health • Life • Security of person Recommendations 82.60–82.64 Article 12 Articles 24, 6 Articles 25, 10 Quality Education • Education • Life Recommendations 82.53–82.54, 82.65 Article 10 Articles 28, 29 Article 24 Gender Equality and Empowerment of women and girls • Equality and fairness • Freedom of association • Freedom of Movement • Freedom of thought • Non-discrimination Recommendations 82.33–82.52, 82.56 Recommendations 82.21, 82.65, 82.30 Articles 1–16 Article 2 Articles 5, 6 Water and Sanitation • Health Recommendation 82.60–82.64 Article 12 Article 24 Article 25 Affordable and Clean Energy • Health Article 11 Article 24 Article 25 Decent Work and Economic Growth • Employment • Property • Freedom of Association Articles 11, 13, 14 Articles 26, 32 Articles 27, 28 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure • Employment • Access Articles 11, 13, 15 Article 26 Article 27 Reduce Inequality • Equality • Equal protection of the law • VAW Recommendations 82.33–82.52 Recommendations 82.31–82.32 Articles 1–16 Article 15 Article 2 Articles 5, 6 “Every child, every woman, every citizen, every community, should know these Sustainable Development Goals and own the rights under these goals. These goals must be advocated as widely as possible to all global citizens, through technological advances that we have for information and any communication, so that these goals can be understood, owned and adhered to by one and all. These goals must bring accountability to our leaders, to our development partners, to the private sector, to religious bodies and to the youthful generation. 8. We must aspire to deliver tangible outcomes in all countries and to be all inclusive in participation, design, decision making, and implementation and in the gains derived from them. Each country must take the reins and drive their own pursuits befitting their circumstances and capabilities.” Minister of Foreign Affairs, Honourable Taukelina Finikaso at The 70th Session of the United Nations, General Assembly, General Debate October 2, 2015 New York https://papersmart.unmeetings.org/media2/7651880/tuvalu-statement minister final.pdf Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 9 Su st ai na bl e D ev el op m en t G oa ls Re la te d hu m an r ig ht s * En d po ve rt y in a ll it s fo rm s ev er yw he re Ta rg et s in cl ud e er ad ic at in g ex tr em e po ve rt y; im pl em en tin g so ci al p ro te ct io n m ea su re s; a nd e ns ur in g eq ua l a cc es s of m en a nd w om en to e co no m ic re so ur ce s.  Ri gh t to a n ad eq ua te s ta nd ar d of li vi ng [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 1; C RC a rt . 2 7]  Ri gh t to s oc ia l s ec ur it y [U D H R ar t. 22 ; IC ES CR a rt . 9 ; CR PD a rt . 2 8; C RC a rt . 2 6]  Eq ua l r ig ht s of w om en in e co no m ic li fe [C ED AW a rt s. 11 , 1 3, 1 4( 2) (g ), 15 (2 ), 16 (1 )] En d hu ng er , a ch ie ve fo od s ec ur ity a nd im pr ov ed nu tr it io n, a nd p ro m ot e su st ai na bl e ag ri cu ltu re Ta rg et s in cl ud e en di ng h un ge r a nd m al nu tr iti on ; im pr ov in g ag ric ul tu ra l p ro du ct io n, s us ta in ab le a nd re si lie nt fo od p ro du ct io n; c or re ct in g tr ad e di st or tio ns , a nd en su rin g fu nc tio ni ng fo od c om m od ity m ar ke ts .  Ri gh t to a de qu at e fo od [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 1; C RC a rt . 2 4( 2) (c )]  In te rn at io na l c oo pe ra ti on , i nc lu di ng e ns ur in g eq ui ta bl e di st rib ut io n of w or ld fo od su pp lie s [U D H R ar t. 28 ; IC ES CR a rt s. 2( 1) , 1 1( 2) ] En su re h ea lth y liv es a nd p ro m ot e w el l – b ei ng fo r al l a t a ll ag es Ta rg et s in cl ud e re du ci ng m at er na l m or ta lit y; e nd in g pr ev en ta bl e ch ild d ea th s; en di ng o r r ed uc in g AI D S ot he r di se as es ; u ni ve rs al h ea lth c ov er ag e, a ffo rd ab le e ss en tia l m ed ic in es , s ex ua l a nd re pr od uc tiv e he al th c ar e; v ac ci ne re se ar ch , a nd a cc es s to m ed ic in es .  Ri gh t to li fe [ U D H R ar t. 3; I CC PR a rt . 6 ], pa rt ic ul ar ly o f w om en [C ED AW a rt . 12 ] a nd c hi ld re n [C RC a rt . 6 ]  Ri gh t to h ea lt h [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 2] , p ar tic ul ar ly o f w om en [C ED AW a rt . 1 2] ; a nd c hi ld re n [C RC a rt .2 4]  Sp ec ia l p ro te ct io n fo r m ot he rs a nd c hi ld re n [I CE SC R ar t.1 0]  Ri gh t to e nj oy th e be ne fi ts o f s ci en ti fi c pr og re ss a nd it s ap pl ic at io n [U D H R ar t. 27 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 5( 1) (b )]  In te rn at io na l c oo pe ra ti on [ U D H R ar t. 28 , D Rt D a rt s. 3 4] , p ar tic ul ar ly in re la tio n to th e rig ht to h ea lth a nd c hi ld re n’ s rig ht s [IC ES CR a rt . 2 (1 ); C RC a rt . 4 ] 10 En su re in cl us iv e an d eq ui ta bl e qu al ity e du ca ti on an d pr om ot e lif e lo ng le ar ni ng o pp or tu ni ti es fo r al l Ta rg et s in cl ud e un iv er sa l a cc es s to fr ee , q ua lit y pr e pr im ar y, p rim ar y an d se co nd ar y ed uc at io n; im pr ov in g vo ca tio na l s ki lls ; e qu al a cc es s to e du ca tio n; e xp an di ng ed uc at io n fa ci lit ie s, sc ho la rs hi ps , a nd tr ai ni ng o f t ea ch er s.  Ri gh t to e du ca ti on [U D H R ar t. 26 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 3] , p ar tic ul ar ly in re la tio n to c hi ld re n [C RC a rt s. 28 , 2 9] ; pe rs on s w ith d is ab ili tie s [C RC a rt . 2 3( 3) , C RP D a rt . 2 4] ; a nd in di ge no us p eo pl es [U N D RI P ar t. 14 ]  Eq ua l r ig ht s of w om en a nd g ir ls in th e fi el d of e du ca ti on [ CE D AW a rt . 1 0]  Ri gh t to w or k, in cl ud in g te ch ni ca l a nd v oc at io na l t ra in in g [I CE SC R ar t. 6]  In te rn at io na l c oo pe ra ti on [U D H R ar t. 28 ; D Rt D a rt s. 3 4] , p ar tic ul ar ly in re la tio n to c hi ld re n [C RC a rt s. 23 (4 ), 28 (3 )], p er so ns w ith d is ab ili tie s [C RP D a rt . 3 2] , a nd in di ge no us p eo pl es [U N D RI P ar t. 39 ] A ch ie ve g en de r e qu al ity a nd e m po w er a ll w om en an d gi rl s Ta rg et s in cl ud e el im in at in g di sc rim in at io n an d vi ol en ce ag ai ns t w om en a nd g irl s; va lu in g un pa id c ar e an d do m es tic w or k; e ns ur in g th e fu ll pa rt ic ip at io n of w om en ; ac ce ss to re pr od uc tiv e he al th c ar e; a nd e qu al a cc es s of w om en to e co no m ic re so ur ce s.  El im in at io n of a ll fo rm s of d is cr im in at io n ag ai ns t w om en [C ED AW a rt s. 1 5] a nd g irl s [C RC a rt . 2 ], pa rt ic ul ar ly in le gi sl at io n, p ol iti ca l a nd pu bl ic li fe (a rt . 7 ), ec on om ic a nd s oc ia l l ife (a rt s. 11 , 1 3) , a nd fa m ily re la tio ns (a rt . 16 )]  Ri gh t to d ec id e th e nu m be r an d sp ac in g of c hi ld re n [C ED AW a rt s. 12 , 1 6( 1) (e ); C RC a rt . 2 4( 2) (f) ]  Sp ec ia l p ro te ct io n fo r m ot he rs a nd c hi ld re n [I CE SC R ar t. 10 ]  El im in at io n of v io le nc e ag ai ns t w om en a nd g ir ls [C ED AW a rt s. 1 6 ; D EV AW a rt s. 1 4; C RC a rt s. 24 (3 ), 35 ]  Ri gh t to ju st a nd fa vo ur ab le c on di ti on s of w or k [I CE SC R ar t. 7; C ED AW a rt . 1 1] En su re a va ila bi lit y an d su st ai na bl e m an ag em en t of w at er a nd s an ita ti on fo r al l Ta rg et s in cl ud e en su rin g un iv er sa l a nd e qu ita bl e ac ce ss to sa fe , a ffo rd ab le d rin ki ng w at er , s an ita tio n an d hy gi en e fo r al l; re du ci ng p ol lu tio n; in cr ea si ng w at er u se e ffi ci en cy ; a nd pr om ot in g pa rt ic ip at or y m an ag em en t o f w at er a nd sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es .  Ri gh t to s af e dr in ki ng w at er a nd s an it at io n [I CE SC R ar t. 11 ]  Ri gh t to h ea lt h [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 2]  Eq ua l a cc es s to w at er a nd s an it at io n fo r ru ra l w om en [ CE D AW a rt . 1 4( 2) (h )] Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 11 En su re a cc es s to a ff or da bl e, re lia bl e, s us ta in ab le an d m od er n en er gy fo r a ll Ta rg et s in cl ud e en su rin g un iv er sa l a cc es s to a ffo rd ab le , re lia bl e an d m od er n en er gy s er vi ce s.  Ri gh t to a n ad eq ua te s ta nd ar d of li vi ng [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t to e nj oy th e be ne fi ts o f s ci en ti fi c pr og re ss a nd it s ap pl ic at io n [U D H R ar t. 27 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 5( 1) (b )] Pr om ot e su st ai ne d, in cl us iv e an d su st ai na bl e ec on om ic g ro w th , f ul l a nd p ro du ct iv e em pl oy m en t a nd d ec en t w or k fo r al l Ta rg et s in cl ud e pr om ot in g su st ai ne d ec on om ic g ro w th ; im pr ov in g re so ur ce e ffi ci en cy in p ro du ct io n an d co ns um pt io n; fu ll an d pr od uc tiv e em pl oy m en t a nd d ec en t w or k fo r a ll; e ra di ca tin g fo rc ed a nd c hi ld la bo ur a nd tr af fic ki ng ; p ro te ct in g la bo ur ri gh ts in cl ud in g th os e of m ig ra nt w or ke rs ; a nd in cr ea si ng a cc es s to fi na nc ia l se rv ic es .  Ri gh t to w or k an d to ju st a nd fa vo ur ab le c on di ti on s of w or k [ U D H R ar t. 23 ; IC ES CR a rt s. 6, 7 , 1 0; C RP D a rt . 2 7; I LO C or e La bo ur C on ve nt io ns an d IL O D ec la ra tio n on F un da m en ta l P rin ci pl es a nd R ig ht s at W or k]  Pr oh ib it io n of s la ve ry , f or ce d la bo ur , a nd tr af fi ck in g of p er so ns [U D H R ar t. 4; I CC PR a rt . 8 ; CE D AW a rt . 6 ; CR C ar ts . 3 4 36 ]  Eq ua l r ig ht s of w om en in r el at io n to e m pl oy m en t [C ED AW a rt . 1 1; I LO C on ve nt io ns N o. 1 00 a nd N o. 1 11 ]  Pr oh ib it io n of c hi ld la bo ur [C RC a rt . 3 2; I LO C on ve nt io n N o. 1 82 ]  Eq ua l la bo ur r ig ht s of m ig ra nt w or ke rs [ CM W a rt . 2 5] Bu ild re si lie nt in fr as tr uc tu re , p ro m ot e in cl us iv e an d su st ai na bl e in du st ri al is at io n an d fo st er in no va ti on Ta rg et s in cl ud e af fo rd ab le a nd e qu ita bl e ac ce ss to q ua lit y in fr as tr uc tu re ; e m pl oy m en t g en er at in g in du st ria lis at io n; ac ce ss to fi na nc ia l s er vi ce s an d m ar ke ts ; i nn ov at io n an d te ch no lo gy tr an sf er , a nd in cr ea si ng a cc es s to IC T.  Ri gh t to e nj oy th e be ne fi ts o f s ci en ti fi c pr og re ss a nd it s ap pl ic at io n [U D H R ar t. 27 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 5( 1) (b )]  Ri gh t to a cc es s to in fo rm at io n [U D H R ar t. 19 ; IC CP R ar t. 19 (2 )]  Ri gh t to a de qu at e ho us in g, in cl ud in g la nd a nd re so ur ce s [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Eq ua l r ig ht s of w om en to f in an ci al c re di t a nd r ur al in fr as tr uc tu re [C ED AW a rt . 1 3( b) , a rt . 1 4( 2) ] 12 Re du ce in eq ua lit y w it hi n an d am on g co un tr ie s Ta rg et s in cl ud e pr om ot in g hi gh er g ro w th ra te s fo r t he bo tt om 4 0 pe r c en t; pr om ot in g so ci al , e co no m ic a nd po lit ic al in cl us io n; re du ci ng in eq ua lit ie s in o pp or tu ni tie s an d ou tc om es ; e ns ur in g so ci al p ro te ct io n fo r a ll; s ec ur in g pa rt ic ip at io n in e co no m ic d ec is io n m ak in g; fa ci lit at in g m ig ra tio n, a nd re du ci ng tr an sa ct io n co st s fo r m ig ra nt re m itt an ce s.  Ri gh t to e qu al it y an d no n di sc ri m in at io n [U D H R ar t. 2; I CE SC R ar t. 2( 2) ; IC CP R ar ts . 2 (1 ), 26 ; CE RD a rt . 2 (2 ); C ED AW a rt . 2 ; CR C ar t. 2; C RP D a rt . 5 ; CM W a rt . 7 ; D Rt D a rt . 8 (1 )]  Ri gh t to p ar ti ci pa te in p ub lic a ff ai rs [U D H R ar t. 21 ; IC CP R ar t. 25 ; CE D AW a rt . 7 ; IC ER D a rt . 5 ; CR PD a rt . 2 9; D Rt D ar t. 8( 2) ]  Ri gh t to s oc ia l s ec ur it y [U D H R ar t. 22 ; IC ES CR a rt s. 9 10 ; CR PD a rt . 2 8]  Pr om ot io n of c on di ti on s fo r in te rn at io na l m ig ra ti on [ CM W a rt . 6 4]  Ri gh t o f m ig ra nt s to tr an sf er th ei r ea rn in gs a nd s av in gs [ CM W a rt . 4 7( 1) ] M ak e ci ti es a nd h um an s et tl em en ts in cl us iv e, sa fe , r es ili en t a nd s us ta in ab le Ta rg et s in cl ud e en su rin g ac ce ss to h ou si ng , b as ic s er vi ce s an d pu bl ic tr an sp or t f or a ll; p ar tic ip at or y pl an ni ng o f hu m an s et tle m en ts ; s af eg ua rd in g cu ltu ra l a nd n at ur al he rit ag e; a nd s tr en gt he ni ng re si lie nc e to d is as te rs .  Ri gh t to a de qu at e ho us in g, in cl ud in g la nd a nd re so ur ce s [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t to p ar ti ci pa te in c ul tu ra l l if e [U D H R ar t. 25 ; IC ES CR a rt . 1 5; I CE RD a rt s. 5, 7 ; CR PD a rt . 3 0; C RC a rt . 3 1]  A cc es si bi lit y of tr an sp or ta ti on , f ac ili ti es a nd s er vi ce s pa rt ic ul ar ly o f p er so ns w ith d is ab ili tie s [C RP D a rt . 9 (1 )], c hi ld re n [C RC a rt . 2 3] , a nd ru ra l w om en [C ED AW ar t. 14 (2 )]  Pr ot ec ti on fr om n at ur al d is as te rs [ CR PD a rt . 1 1] En su re s us ta in ab le c on su m pt io n an d pr od uc ti on pa tt er ns Ta rg et s in cl ud e ac hi ev in g su st ai na bl e m an ag em en t a nd ef fic ie nt u se o f n at ur al re so ur ce s; im pr ov in g w as te m an ag em en t; pr om ot in g su st ai na bl e pu bl ic p ro cu re m en t; en su rin g ac ce ss to in fo rm at io n; a nd b ui ld in g ca pa ci ty fo r su st ai na bl e de ve lo pm en t.  Ri gh t to h ea lt h in cl ud in g th e rig ht to s af e, c le an , h ea lth y an d su st ai na bl e en vi ro nm en t [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 2]  Ri gh t to a de qu at e fo od a nd t he r ig ht to s af e dr in ki ng w at er [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to fr ee ly d is po se o f t he ir n at ur al r es ou rc es [ IC CP R, IC ES CR a rt . 1 (2 )] Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 13 Ta ke u rg en t a ct io n to c om ba t c lim at e ch an ge a nd it s im pa ct s Ta rg et s in cl ud e st re ng th en in g re si lie nc e an d ad ap ta tio n to cl im at e ch an ge a nd n at ur al d is as te rs , i nc lu di ng in m ar gi na lis ed c om m un iti es ; i m pl em en ta tio n of th e G re en Cl im at e fu nd .  Ri gh t to h ea lt h in cl ud in g th e rig ht to s af e, c le an , h ea lth y an d su st ai na bl e en vi ro nm en t [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 2; C RC a rt . 2 4; C ED AW a rt . 1 2; C M W ar t. 28 ]  Ri gh t to a de qu at e fo od & r ig ht to s af e dr in ki ng w at er [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to fr ee ly d is po se o f t he ir n at ur al w ea lt h an d re so ur ce s [IC CP R, IC ES CR a rt . 1 (2 )] Co ns er ve a nd s us ta in ab ly u se th e oc ea ns , s ea s an d m ar in e re so ur ce s fo r su st ai na bl e de ve lo pm en t Ta rg et s in cl ud e re du ci ng m ar in e po llu tio n; c on se rv in g co st al e co sy st em s, co st al m ar in e ar ea s an d fis h st oc k; se cu rin g m ar ke t a cc es s fo r s m al l s ca le fi sh er s; p ro te ct io n of m ar in e bi od iv er si ty .  Ri gh t to h ea lt h in cl ud in g th e rig ht to s af e, c le an , h ea lth y an d su st ai na bl e en vi ro nm en t [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 2; C RC a rt . 2 4; C ED AW a rt . 1 2; C M W ar t. 28 ]  Ri gh t to a de qu at e fo od & r ig ht to s af e dr in ki ng w at er [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to fr ee ly d is po se o f t he ir n at ur al w ea lt h an d re so ur ce s [IC CP R, IC ES CR a rt . 1 (2 )] Pr ot ec t, re st or e an d pr om ot e su st ai na bl e us e of te rr es tr ia l e co sy st em s, s us ta in ab ly m an ag e fo re st s, c om ba t d es er tif ic at io n, a nd h al t a nd re ve rs e la nd d eg ra da ti on a nd h al t b io di ve rs ity lo ss Ta rg et s in cl ud e th e su st ai na bl e m an ag em en t o f fr es hw at er , m ou nt ai n ec os ys te m s an d fo re st s; co m ba tt in g de se rt ifi ca tio n; h al tin g bi od iv er si ty lo ss ; c om ba tt in g po ac hi ng a nd tr af fic ki ng o f p ro te ct ed s pe ci es .  Ri gh t to h ea lt h in cl ud in g th e rig ht to s af e, c le an , h ea lth y an d su st ai na bl e en vi ro nm en t [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 2; C RC a rt . 2 4; C ED AW a rt . 1 2; C M W ar t. 28 ]  Ri gh t to a de qu at e fo od & r ig ht to s af e dr in ki ng w at er [U D H R ar t. 25 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 1]  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to fr ee ly d is po se o f t he ir n at ur al w ea lt h an d re so ur ce s [IC CP R, IC ES CR a rt . 1 (2 )] 14 Pr om ot e pe ac ef ul a nd in cl us iv e so ci et ie s fo r su st ai na bl e de ve lo pm en t, pr ov id e ac ce ss to ju st ic e fo r al l a nd b ui ld e ff ec ti ve , a cc ou nt ab le a nd in cl us iv e in st it ut io ns a t a ll le ve ls Ta rg et s in cl ud e re du ci ng a ll fo rm s of v io le nc e; e nd in g vi ol en ce a ga in st a nd tr af fic ki ng o f c hi ld re n; p ro m ot in g ru le of la w a nd ju st ic e fo r a ll; re du ci ng il lic it fin an ci al a nd a rm s flo w s, co rr up tio n an d br ib er y; d ev el op in g ef fe ct iv e in st itu tio ns ; p ar tic ip at io n in d ec is io n m ak in g at a ll le ve ls ; le ga l i de nt ity fo r a ll.  Ri gh t to li fe , l ib er ty a nd s ec ur it y of th e pe rs on [U D H R ar t. 3; I CC PR a rt s. 6( 1) , 9 (1 ); IC PE D a rt . 1 ] i nc lu di ng fr ee do m fr om to rt ur e [U D H R ar t. 5; I CC PR a rt . 7 ; CA T ar t. 2; C RC a rt . 3 7( a) ]  Pr ot ec ti on o f c hi ld re n fr om a ll fo rm s of v io le nc e, a bu se o r ex pl oi ta ti on [C RC a rt s. 19 , 3 7( a) ), in cl ud in g tr af fic ki ng (C RC a rt s. 34 3 6; C RC –O P1 )]  Ri gh t to a cc es s to ju st ic e an d du e pr oc es s [U D H R ar ts . 8 , 1 0; I CC PR a rt s. 2( 3) , 1 4 15 ; CE D AW a rt . 2 (c )]  Ri gh t to le ga l p er so na lit y [U D H R ar t. 6; I CC PR a rt . 1 6; C RP D a rt . 1 2]  Ri gh t to p ar ti ci pa te in p ub lic a ff ai rs [ U D H R ar t. 21 ; IC CP R ar t. 25 ]  Ri gh t to a cc es s to in fo rm at io n [U D H R ar t. 19 ; IC CP R ar t. 19 (1 )] St re ng th en th e m ea ns o f i m pl em en ta ti on a nd re vi ta liz e th e gl ob al p ar tn er sh ip fo r su st ai na bl e de ve lo pm en t Ta rg et s in cl ud e st re ng th en in g do m es tic a nd in te rn at io na l re so ur ce s; de bt s us ta in ab ili ty ; t ec hn ol og y tr an sf er a nd ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g; p ro m ot in g tr ad e; e nh an ci ng p ol ic y an d in st itu tio na l c oh er en ce ; r es pe ct in g co un tr ie s’ po lic y sp ac e; pr om ot in g m ul ti st ak eh ol de r p ar tn er sh ip s; m ea su re m en ts fo r p ro gr es s, di sa gg re ga te d da ta .  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to s el f de te rm in at io n [IC CP R, IC ES CR a rt . 1 (1 ); D Rt D a rt . 1 (1 )]  Ri gh t o f a ll pe op le s to d ev el op m en t, & in te rn at io na l c oo pe ra ti on [ U D H R ar t. 28 ; IC ES CR a rt . 2 (1 ); C RC a rt . 4 ; CR PD a rt . 3 2( 1) ; D Rt D a rt s. 3 5]  Ri gh t o f e ve ry on e to e nj oy th e be ne fi ts o f s ci en ti fi c pr og re ss a nd it s ap pl ic at io n, in cl ud in g in te rn at io na l c oo pe ra tio n in th e sc ie nt ifi c fie ld [U D H R ar t. 27 (1 ); IC ES CR a rt . 1 5( 1) ]  Ri gh t to p ri va cy [U D H R ar t. 12 ; IC CP R ar t. 17 ], in cl ud in g re sp ec t f or h um an ri gh ts a nd e th ic al pr in ci pl es in th e co lle ct io n an d us e of s ta tis tic s [C RP D a rt . 3 1( 1) ] (* ) T hi s ta bl e is in te nd ed fo r i llu st ra tiv e pu rp os es o nl y. T he li st in g of re le va nt ri gh ts is n ot e xh au st iv e. U nd er in te rn at io na l h um an ri gh ts la w , a nd u nd er th e 20 30 A ge nd a fo r Su st ai na bl e D ev el op m en t, da ta fo r a ll ta rg et s ne ed s to b e co lle ct ed a nd d is ag gr eg at ed b y th e pr oh ib ite d gr ou nd s of d is cr im in at io n un de r i nt er na tio na l h um an ri gh ts la w , in cl ud in g th e re sp ec t, pr ot ec tio n an d pr om ot io n of h um an ri gh ts a nd fu nd am en ta l f re ed om s fo r a ll, w ith ou t d is tin ct io n of a ny k in d as to ra ce , c ol ou r, se x, la ng ua ge , r el ig io n, po lit ic al o r o th er o pi ni on , n at io na l o r s oc ia l o rig in , p ro pe rt y, b irt h, d is ab ili ty o r o th er s ta tu s. O bl ig at io ns re ga rd in g in te rn at io na l a ss is ta nc e an d co op er at io n al so a pp ly to a ll G oa ls . Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 15 Li st o f i nt er na ti on al h um an r ig ht s in st ru m en ts : 19 48 – U ni ve rs al D ec la ra tio n on H um an R ig ht s (U D H R) 19 65 – In te rn at io na l C on ve nt io n on th e El im in at io n of A ll Fo rm s of R ac ia l D is cr im in at io n (C ER D ) 19 66 – In te rn at io na l C ov en an t o n Ci vi l a nd P ol iti ca l R ig ht s (IC CP R) 19 66 – In te rn at io na l C ov en an t o n Ec on om ic , S oc ia l a nd C ul tu ra l R ig ht s (IC ES CR ) 19 79 – In te rn at io na l C on ve nt io n on th e El im in at io n of A ll Fo rm s of D is cr im in at io n ag ai ns t W om en (C ED AW ) 19 84 – C on ve nt io n ag ai ns t T or tu re a nd O th er C ru el , I nh um an o r D eg ra di ng T re at m en t o r P un is hm en t ( CA T) 19 86 – D ec la ra tio n on th e Ri gh t t o D ev el op m en t ( U N D RT D ) 19 89 – C on ve nt io n on th e Ri gh ts o f t he C hi ld (C RC ) 19 90 – In te rn at io na l C on ve nt io n on th e Pr ot ec tio n of th e Ri gh ts o f A ll M ig ra nt W or ke rs a nd M em be rs o f T he ir Fa m ili es (C M W ) 19 93 – D ec la ra tio n on th e El im in at io n of V io le nc e ag ai ns t W om en (D EV AW ) 20 00 – O pt io na l P ro to co l t o th e Co nv en tio n on th e Ri gh ts o f t he C hi ld o n th e in vo lv em en t o f c hi ld re n in a rm ed c on fli ct (O P 1) 20 06 – C on ve nt io n on th e Ri gh ts o f P er so ns w ith D is ab ili tie s (C RP D ) 20 06 – In te rn at io na l C on ve nt io n fo r t he P ro te ct io n of A ll Pe rs on s fr om E nf or ce d D is ap pe ar an ce s (IC PE P) 20 07 – D ec la ra tio n on th e Ri gh ts o f I nd ig en ou s Pe op le s (U N D RI P) 16 Protection and Promotion of Human Rights in Tuvalu As a small under-developed island nation, Tuvalu will not shy away from its commitments and obligations in realising the basic and most fundamental human rights of its people. While working amidst developmental challenges and constraints, the government is committed to providing basic services and implementing its development priorities as reflected in the Te Kakeega III, in order to realise key priorities that will better protect and promote human rights in Tuvalu. The government is mindful that Tuvalu’s commitments to human rights stems from a duty to promote and protect the rights of individuals as set out in its international human rights obligations. The government will therefore continue to work with its development partners and donors to strengthen its commitment to better realise the human rights of all Tuvaluans. Tuvalu is a state party to three core human rights treaties (CEDAW, CRC and CRPD). Tuvalu has also engaged with both cycles of the Universal Periodic Review (1999 and 2013) and has issued an open invitation to the United Nations Special Procedures in April 2013. In 2012, the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to water and sanitation visited Tuvalu and issued crucial recommendations that the government is in the process of implementing within its available resources and capacity. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 17 Table 3: Matrix for the Promotion of Human Rights in Tuvalu Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicators Tuvalu’s human rights commit ments are strength ened by positive actions by the State 1. Tuvalu will work towards ratification of core human rights treaties and optional protocols 1. Cabinet paper on implications of ratification 2. Public consultations 3. Parliamentary discussions on ratification of core treaties including: i. ICCPD ii. ICESCR iii. Torture (CAT) iv. CERD v. Migrant workers (CRMW) vi. Enforced disappearance (CED) vii. Optional protocols (CRC, CEDAW) • AG’s Office • OPM • MFATTEL • MEYS • Tuvalu Media • Ombuds man’s office Ongoing till 2020 • Cabinet paper presented on implications for ratification of one or few core treaties • No. of discussions on ratification of remaining treaties • Treaties and OP’s signed or ratified Partners • SPC RRRT • OHCHR • UNICEF • UNW 2. Tuvalu to submit treaty reports on time 1. CRPD report is submitted to CRPD Committee. 2. CRC report is submitted to CRC Committee 3. CEDAW is submitted to CEDAW Committee. i. Tuvalu’s response to the issues raised in the CEDAW concluding comments (paragraph 14 and 22 (a) and (c) is submitted in particular, the repeal of discriminatory legislation; development of an action plan to implement the FPDVA and reform of Penal Code to include criminalisation of marital rape 4. Consultations carried out for each of the process above. 5. Technical assistance and funding is sourced for the government’s reporting delegation. • AG’s office • MEYS • GAD • MFATTEL • MOH • Statistics July 2017 2017 2019 February 2017 CRPD and CEDAW report submitted CRC periodic reports 2–4 to be submitted by 29 October 2017 CEDAW concluding comments response is submitted by February 2017. No. of consultation on the reporting process of the treaties. Percentage of funds from budget for reporting work Partners • SPC RRRT • PIFS • OHCHR • UNW • UNICEF CSO • Fusi Alofa • TUFHA • TNCW • Youth 3. UPR report in 2017 3.1 Implementation of UPR recommendations 1. Consultations with both government and CSO 2. National report submitted 3. Awareness raised on UPR process. 4. Technical assistance and funding is sourced for government’s official delegation to Geneva. 5. Government will work with partners and stakeholders to draft an implementation strategy. • AG’s office • MFATTEL Possible Partners • RRRT CFO • OHCHR • PIFS 2016– 2020 Consultations held with government and CSO reps. Report submitted to Geneva. Implement-ation plan designed and approved. 18 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicators 4. Public awareness, education and information of the core treaties that have been ratified by Tuvalu 1. Media awareness (talk back shows) of core treaties that Tuvalu is a state party to 2. Talk-back show in the media on CRC, CEDAW, CRPD and UPR respectively 3. Talk back show on new government initiatives around human rights 4. Tuvalu government will commit to making available online or link to relevant UN websites: i. Concluding comments of treaty bodies for Tuvalu ii. UPR recommendations iii. Common Core document. iv. Government national reports to treaty bodies. 5. If possible the translation of core treaties in the Tuvaluan language. 6. Include the study of human rights in the education curriculum. • AG’s Office • MEYS • Gender Affair’s Dept. • Ombuds man’s office • OPL • Tuvalu Media Ongoing till 2020 • No. of media consultations on various HR issues by various stakeholders. • Increase in knowledge of human rights and treaties. • Creation of Tuvalu Govt. website with key documents uploaded 5. Regional and international community engagement 1. Continue to engage the Human Rights Council with its processes including stronger push for a climate change and human rights declaration. 2. Engage with the Pacific Framework for Regionalism to ensure Tuvalu’s progress is monitored and issues raised through this process. 3. Strengthen its engagement with regional partners including the Pacific Community, PIFS, and PIDF in terms of realising human rights commitments including SDGs. 4. Strengthen engagement with UN agencies including OHCHR, UN Women, UNICEF, UNDP, UNFPA, UNESCAP, ILO, etc. to work with Tuvalu in achieving its human rights commitments. • MFATTEL • AG’s office • OPM Possible Partners • SPC RRRT • PIFS • PIDF • UN Agencies in Suva and HQ • Common wealth Sec. • ILO Ongoing • No. of international (including UNGA) and regional meetings where Tuvalu discusses human rights • No. of interventions on crucial issues affecting Tuvalu • No. of engagement on its human rights commitments that are supported by technical agencies, development partners and donors. “…Still, whether or not a causal chain can be established between particular emissions of greenhouse gases and particular effects of climate change, States have obligations to address the harm climate change causes to human rights. In particular, States have legal obligations to provide international assistance and cooperation towards the full realization of human rights, regardless of the establishment of human rights violations. International cooperation requires State parties to refrain from actions that interfere, directly or indirectly, with the enjoyment of the rights to water and sanitation in other countries. Any activities undertaken within the State party’s jurisdiction should not deprive people in another country of the ability to realize the rights to water and sanitation.”… Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation - Mission to Tuvalu (A/HRC/24/44/Add.2) : http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage e.aspx?si=A/HRC/24/44/Add.2 Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 19 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicators 6. Strengthening of key government institutions dealing with human rights 6.1 Ombudsman’s office 6.2 Judiciary 1. Government will continue to strengthen key government institutions and departments that have human rights mandate to continue to improve on its roles and responsibilities: i. Government will strengthen the functions of the CRC and CEDAW taskforce and ensure strong commitments from taskforce members including focal points. ii. Government will continue to mainstream human rights and gender, as envisioned in the TK III, across government. 2. In line with TK III, government will strengthen the office of the ombudsman including the recruitment of additional staff and allocation of financial resources. In line with TK III, government will strengthen the judiciary including meeting staffing and resourcing needs to ensure that the judiciary continues to function independently and dispose cases in timely manner. 3.1 In line with CEDAW Concluding Observations (CEDAW/C/TUV/CO/3 4), to ensure that there is good data collection system (desegregated by sex) within the judicial system to properly inform government on areas of intervention. • OPM • AG’s office • MEYS • MOH • MFED • Gender Affair’s Dept. • TPS • Ombuds man’s office • Ombuds man’s office • MFED • Judicial Dept. • MFED Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing • Meeting minutes of taskforce show more govt. dept. involvement and commitment. • Regular taskforce meetings • Ombudsman’s office adequately resourced • Increased budgetary allocation • Judiciary adequately resourced • Permanent court house built. • No of cases disposed per year. • No of judgements that use human rights treaties or the Tuvalu Bill of Rights National workshop on human rights and the law for Lay Magistrates conducted by SPC RRRT in 2013. 20 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicators 7. National Human Rights Institution 1. Finalise the scoping study on the feasibility of establishing an NHRI. 2. Finalise cabinet paper on scoping study. 3. Cabinet will consider further options on NHRI. 4. Attorney General’s office will work with key partners on the next steps towards an NHRI. 5. If approved by Cabinet, Government to create an NHRI based on the suggestions of the Scoping Study carried out by SPC RRRT and APF. AG’s office Ombudsman Partners SPC RRRT APF on NHRI Possible Partner OHCHR July-Dec 2016 Ongoing • Scoping study completed • Cabinet paper presented to cabinet • Next steps pursued by government. • Development of enabling legislations • Creation of an NHRI with budgetary allocations. 8. Law reform 8.1 Penal Code 8.2 Other laws 1. The government will strengthen legislative frameworks for the protection and promotion of human rights in Tuvalu including continuation of the constitutional amendment process: i. In line with TK III, the inclusion of gender as a prohibited ground of discrimination. ii. Include disability as a prohibited ground of discrimination. 2. Further review of the Penal Code to consider expanding the definition of rape to include marital rape and the use of objects and other instruments, including sanctioning situations where men and boys are also raped: i. Prevention of human trafficking and other serious crimes as contained in the Rome Statute. The government will ensure that new laws take into consideration the government’s commitment under existing human rights treaties that Tuvalu is a state party to. Government will consult with key stakeholders on new laws that aim to limit certain rights; or laws that have an impact on the rights of women, children or people with disabilities. • AG’s office • OPM • Parlia ment • Gender Affair’s Dept. • MEYS • MFED AG’s office AG’s office Per TK III (Pg. 73) review will take place per year. 2017– 2018 Per TK III timelines (Pg. 73) • No. of anti discriminatory laws passed or discriminatory provisions amended. • No. of laws identified as discriminatory are marked for examination and repeal in line with CEDAW recommend ations (CEDAW/ C?TUV/CO/3-4 and 43) • Review conducted • Laws passed that provide these basic protections of human rights. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 21 Human rights issues in the Tuvalu community Human Rights need to be translated and communicated in a language that the community understands. The perception that human rights conflicts with cultural values and traditions may be based on bias, misunderstanding and lack of knowledge and awareness, and as such, it is imperative for the government of Tuvalu to design this framework as a guide to promoting, protecting and fulfilling the government’s human rights commitments to its people. Climate Change is a crucial issue that affects a range of rights, especially the right to life. The right to food, basic survival, and property are threatened with the increased frequency of changing weather patterns and natural disasters. The government will continue to raise the issue of climate change in international and regional forums to ensure that global action is mobilised. At home, the government will work on mitigation strategies as well as design frameworks and policies that will prepare Tuvalu for addressing the threats of climate change. Despite its commitment to ensuring that all human rights obligations are met, the government acknowledges the significant limitations on resources and capacity to meet these obligations. The government will continue to progressively realise human rights issues within the current context and resources, and work towards fulfilling key priority areas including those identified in the Te Kakeega III. Benefits of National Action Plans A national action plan will: • review a country’s human rights needs; • raise awareness of human rights issues among government officials, security authorities, civil society organisations and the general public; • mobilise a broad spectrum of society in a cooperative atmosphere; • propose realistic activities; • set achievable targets; • promote linkages with other national programmes, particularly in the areas of development and education; and • generate a commitment to action. The outcomes of a national action plan will include: • stronger legal frameworks, embracing firmer adhesion to international norms, more effective incorporation of human rights standards in domestic law and more effective rule of law; • better protection for individuals; • stronger culture of human rights; • stronger national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights; • more effective social programmes that enhance the quality of life for all, particularly vulnerable groups; and • improved national harmony, reducing risks of internal conflict. Handbook for National Human Rights Action Plans of Action, OHCHR, August 2002 22 It is recognised that genuine improvements to human rights observance require not just resources and finances but also political will. To bring about a strong culture of human rights, including the prevention of domestic violence or child abuse, there is a need for attitude change, education and training, capacity building and a strong judiciary. The Government of Tuvalu is working towards strengthening its commitment in these areas as well as ensuring that the dialogue to better protect human rights is ongoing. Some of the key human rights issues in the community that the government will systematically address during the life of this NAP are captured in Table 4. Table 4: Key Human Rights Issues in the Tuvaluan Community Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Climate Change Action Strengthen governments’ ongoing advocacy, commitment and actions on climate change Strengthen adaptation and mitigation strategies and measures to address climate change. Review and update the government’s National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) and Disaster Strategic Action Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (NSAP)  OPM  Climate Change dept. Per TK III Timelines (Pg. 71– 72) Access to Justice Access to the judiciary Right to a lawyer 1. In line with the commitment under the TK III, government continues to provide adequate funding to the judiciary including building its resources to allow the judiciary to expand its outreach and services especially on the outer- island 2. Refresher training and courses for the resident and island magistrate on new and existing laws especially on: i. Domestic Violence Act ii. Human Rights treaties 3. Finalisation of the building of the new court building in Funafuti that will take into consideration disability access 4. People’s Lawyers resourced to ensure that services are consistent and reach the outer islands i. Police SOP on due process including the right to silence is observed and the right to a lawyer is afforded at all times ii. Encouraging private firms to be set up in Tuvalu under the Legal Practitioners Act  Judiciary  AG’s office  OPM  MFED  SPC RRRT CFO  AG’s office  OPL  TPS Ongoing and per TK III (Pg. 74) timeline Ongoing  Budgetary increase to the Judiciary.  No. of trainings programmes on laws etc. for magistracy.  No. of women accessing legal service.  Data desegregated by sex on access and use of legal services.  Percentage of people accessing legal services in the outer islands.  No. of scholarships awarded to people for their legal studies. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 23 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Right to Health The government is committed to improving and strengthening the health sector. Retention and upskilling measures for medical and nursing professionals Water and Sanitation 1. To work towards improvement in hospital infrastructure and services including review working condition of medical and nursing staff, and strengthening of SOPs dealing with infectious diseases, new diseases, etc. 2. To build specialised medical skills by up-skilling doctors in a range of priority areas: i. To increase medical scholarships for about 2–3 students per year under existing and other overseas scholarship schemes ii. To increase nursing scholarships especially specialised nursing practices including increase nursing practitioners Continue to improve water supply especially clean, safer, drinking water through the provision of water purifier or purification tablets. Improve sanitation standards. Review recommendations by the Special Rapporteur on the right to water and sanitation (Pg. 19–20 of the SR’s report)2 and map a strategy for implementation. MOH  MPUI  Falekau pules Ongoing and per TK III Timeline (Pg. 77) Ongoing No. of SOPs developed to address emerging issues including new diseases, etc. Reviews of working condition of medical and nursing professionals No. of scholarship awarded for medical/nursing studies including Master’s degree and further specialisation No. of tests on water content cleared of contamination No. of water tablets distributed and used No. of recommendations adopted by the Tuvaluan government Education and Awareness Review the education curriculum The government will continue to strengthen community education and awareness on human rights and gender. Review of education curriculum to include: i. Human rights and gender ii. Good governance and leadership Implementation of child protection strategies incorporated in MSS. Strengthen community outreach by holding workshops, training, consultations with: i. Falekaupules ii. Kaupules iii. Faith groups and churches iv. Youth groups v. Women’s groups vi. Persons with disabilities and their families  MEYS  AG’s office Gender Affair’s Dept. Ongoing and per TK III timeline (Pg. 81) Ongoing Review of education curriculum Inclusion of HR and gender Inclusion of good governance and leadership No. of training and awareness programmes conducted in the community Possible Partners  RRRT CFO 24 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Infra structure and Access Housing Transportation To ensure that new homes built meet minimum building structures: i. Set building code ii. Ensures basic sanitation and water is accessible iii. Reduce the number of buildings without good guttering and water tanks Frequency of transportation to the outer islands. Sea-transports are accessible to persons with disabilities.  Ministry of Public Utilities & Infra structure  MCT Ongoing and per TK III timeline (Pg. 91) Creation of a building code No. of new buildings that meet minimum housing standards No. of people accessing clean water and proper sanitation Frequency of boat travels to the outer islands Use of Force and Police Procedures The government is committed to strengthening the Police force to respect and promote human rights and the rule of law. Investigation of all allegations of police abuse Strengthen gender responsiveness of the police force 1. Capacity building and training opportunities for the police on human rights especially on use of force and gender: i. Government will approach development partners and donors to assist Tuvalu in training programmes and related initiatives ii. The Tuvalu police will review and/or develop SOPs to ensure that the use of force is eliminated iii. Strengthen arrests, pre-trial, and detention procedures to safeguard against a person’s constitutional rights and liberties The government will investigate all complaints about the police within accepted timeframes and proper oversight of investigation processes. All decisions on the outcome of the investigation to be made public in the interest of the public. The government will work with the Police Commissioner to strengthen women’s inclusion and participation within the Tuvalu Police Force including ongoing gender sensitisation training for police officers.  Police  AG’s Office  Gender Affair’s Dept.  SPC RRRT CFO ComPol and his leadership team  ComPol and his leadership team  Gender Affair’s Dept. July 2016 and ongoing to 2020 No. of training programmes for the police on human rights, ROL and gender No. of initiatives taken to upskill police officers No. of complaints against police lodged No. of cases investigated and decisions taken. No. of commendations for police officers on good policing practices No. of female police officers hired by the Tuvalu Police No. of female officers promoted No. of gender training conducted for the police Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 25 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Freedom from Violence The government is committed to addressing and reducing domestic violence. Tuvalu Police Community awareness and education 1. Strengthen the implementation of the Family Protection and Domestic Violence Act 2014 including: i. Community awareness on the law through media campaigns and community visits ii. Strengthen the compilation of statistics received by the police and the judiciary of DV cases by having proper recording processes or SOP iii. Finalise the DV Fund via regulations iv. DV forms are made available including in government offices, churches and other venues v. Work with stakeholders to finalise the counsellors, etc. under the Act vi. Finalise the Implementation Plan of the DV Act vii. Ensures that the reporting process under the Act is complied 2. Review of the FPDVA to determine the effectiveness of its implementation. The government is committed to ensuring the upskilling and the strengthening of the Tuvalu Police: i. Police Service Regulation ii. PPDA – Radio programme and awareness with police iii. Raise awareness/training for police officers in the outer island The government will strengthen its community awareness programmes and education of people on domestic violence, the FPDVA, gender inequality and discrimination. Other activities include: i. White ribbon Day ii. 16 days Activism against DV iii. International Women’s Day  AG’s office  Gender Affair’s Dept.  TPF  Judiciary  Falekau pules Others  TNCW  Fusi Alofa Possible Partners  RRRT CFO  UNW As Above  TPF  Gender Affair’s Dept. Possible Partners  NZ Police  PPDVP  RRRT CFO  Gender Affair’s Dept.  OPM  Media  SPC RRRT CFO Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Implementation plan endorsed Proper statistics compiled and documented DV Fund regulations finalised Other parts of the PRDVA implemented Reports submitted to parliament Public reports and statistics are accessible to the public Review conducted, recommendations sent to cabinet for consideration No. of training and upskilling for TPS No. of awareness/ training for police officers in the outer island Level of police response and action on DV No. of training and awareness programmes initiated and carried out No. of public awareness conducted. 26 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Other Human Rights Priority The government is committed to the protection, promotion and fulfilment of all human rights of citizens and people in Tuvalu. The government will continue to work towards ensuring that it meets its commitment to the protection, promotion and fulfilment of human rights obligations including obtaining relevant advise and technical expertise on a range of human rights issues and concerns.  OPM  AG’s office  Relevant and key government agencies Possible Part ners UN Agencies, SPC, PIFS, DFAT Ongoing Children’s Rights Tuvalu ratified the CRC in 1995 and submitted its initial and second periodic report in 2012. Tuvalu appeared before the CRC committee in 2013 via satellite at the UNICEF office in Suva. The concluding observations were issued by the committee later the same year and form the basis of the areas of this action plan that focus on children’s rights. A sample of the matrix compiled by the AG’s office with the Department of Education and UNICEF Pacific is attached as Annex II. The full matrix for Tuvalu’s next CRC report due in 2017 is available from the said agencies. Table 5: Children’s Rights Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Legislative Framework Tuvalu will review its laws that affect children in view of its CRC concluding comments To conduct a comprehensive legislative review to determine laws that may be inconsistent with Tuvalu’s obligations under the CRC and to amend, repeal or introduce new legislation that strengthens the protection of Tuvalu’s children in line with the CRC committee’s recommendations. Some of the laws that may need to be reviewed include: i. Constitution ii. Native Lands Act iii. Adoption of Children’s Act iv. Penal Code to include protection of children from commercial sexual exploitation, trafficking and prohibit life imprisonment of children, child labour, etc. v. Marriage Act  AG’s office  MEYS via CRC Task force  OPM  Ministry of Natural Resources  OPL Ongoing  No. of laws reviewed  No. of child friendly legislation developed  No. of legislation amended to reflect CRCPossible Partners  UNICEF  SPC RRRT  UNDP  UNOHCHR Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 27 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Child Rights Policy Framework Tuvalu will strengthen its work in developing and implementing a comprehensive policy and strategy for children. Development of a comprehensive pol icy on children based on the principles and provisions of the CRC: i. Allocation of sufficient resources – technical and financial for implementation.  MEYS  CRC Task force  AG’s office Ongoing Policy developed Possible Partners UNICEF, WHO Resourcing Tuvalu will work within the TK III and its commitments sunder CRC to ensure sufficient resourcing of initiatives and programmes Improve and strengthen budgetary allocation for the Ministry of Education to ensure all children continue to receive schooling Improve and strengthen budgetary allocation to the Ministry of Health to ensure Tuvaluan children have access to the highest standard of health services including immunisation programmes, dental clinics, healthy eating and physical exercises Improve and strengthen budgetary and capacity support for children with disabilities in mainstream schools and as well as those receiving home-based education. Proper costing of crucial activities and initiatives for children, and government committing to seek donor partners to assist in these areas.  MFED  MEYS  MOH  MHARD Ongoing  Evidence of budgetary increase  No. of initiatives for children adopted and implemented by relevant govern ment Ministry  No. of new staff recruited including teachers, children’s health specialists, etc. Possible partners  UNICEF  UNFPA Violence against Children In line with the Family Protection and Domestic Violence Act, Tuvalu commits to the eradication of violence against children Sexual Abuse Strengthen frameworks, policies and laws that prohibit violence against children including corporal punishment: i. Address school bullying including in Vaitupu. ii. Amend section 28 of the Education Act to prohibit corporal punishment in schools. iii. Raise awareness including during White Ribbon Day on prohibition of corporal punishment iv. Abolish corporal punishment as a form of sentence issued by the island courts. Review legislation to ensure adequate protection of children from sexual abuse: i. Expand the definition of rape to include penetration by other forms including objects, other body parts, etc. ii. Repeal section 156 (5) of the Penal Code. iii. Strengthen child protection system through child pornography laws or framework. iv. Review and strengthen legal frameworks around commercial sexual exploitation of children.  MEYS  TPS  CRC Task force  AG’s office  AG’s office  CRC Task force Ongoing Ongoing  No. of laws, frame-works approved that prohibit VAC  No. of policies and related frameworks that prohibit VAC  No. of cases of awareness on VAC  No. of reviews conducted on legal frameworks to ensure protection of children from sexual offences.  No. of laws passed to ensure stronger protection of children from sexual offences 28 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Child Protection The government will strengthen child protection frameworks to ensure that Tuvaluan children are safeguarded and protected within sound legal framework. Establish alternative care settings for children who are victims of crimes by their immediate family members. Strengthen programmes and initiatives that create awareness on child protection among the community. Revise child adoption practices and laws to ensure that the best interests of the child are safeguarded through the process. These include: i. Strengthening the social welfare system to assist and guide the court on care and home settings for the adopted child and make appropriate recommendations to the court. ii. Revise the annulment of custody provisions of the Native Lands Act to uphold the best interest of the child. In line with the S.A.M.O.A Pathway; Health and Social development plans and in line with TK III, strengthen the primary and preventative health care system to ensure that all children access basic health services.  Social Welfare  MEYS  AG’s office  MFED  MOH Ongoing  No. of cases of awareness made around child protection.  No. of laws and practices around adoption reviewed in line with Tuvalu’s CRC commitments  Percentage increase of health budget especially around children’s health.  No. of targeted interventions looking at children’s health. Possible Partners UNICEF  MOH  Finance Data Collection In line with the recommendations by the Committee on the Rights of the Child to Tuvalu the government will conduct a baseline study Strengthen statistics and data collection and analysis to inform planning and policy. The government will work towards conducting a baseline study on crucial issues affecting children including: i. Poverty ii. Standard of living – access to water and sanitation including children living in elderly headed households iii. Health iv. Education v. Access to basic services vi. Children in vulnerable situations vii. Impact of climate change on children In line with CRC recommendations, the government will work with the National Statistics office to strengthen data collection and analysis..  MEYS  MOH  Social Welfare  MFED  CRC Taskforce  Climate change dept. Ongoing  Baseline Study conducted Possible Partners  UNICEF  National Statistics office  DFAT “Tuvalu has carried out various assessments on how to implement the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and is awaiting feedback and recommendations from the CRC Committee towards the implementation of the recommendations. The Government of Tuvalu, through its national CRC Taskforce, will consider and progressively realise the Committee’s recommendations. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports is responsible for the submission of and also the implementation of the CRC State Report and its recommendations.” Tuvalu 2nd National Report to the UPR: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/TVSession16.aspx Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 29 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Education In line with existing commitment to the CRC and the government’s development priorities in the TK III, the government will ensure that education rights of children are realised. The government will strengthen its commitment towards the education sector including: i. Identify and address the hidden costs relating to children’s education. ii. Upgrade and/or increase teachers and improve teaching skills including specialised training on children with disabilities. iii. Ensure integration of early childhood development within the formal education system. iv. Continue maintenance and upgrading of school facilities to include reasonable access for children with disabilities. v. Introduce technical and vocational training in accordance with the needs of the labour market.  MEYS  CRC Taskforce  MFED Ongoing  Increased budgetary allocation to address deficiencies and programmes that ensures children’s access to education.  No of schools upgraded and maintained.  Technical or vocational school established. Possible Partners  UNICEF Others Awareness Government will continue to raise awareness on issues around the CRC including corporal punishment, health, education and other rights.  Media  CRC Taskforce Ongoing  No. of cases of awareness on CRC and other laws affecting children. Women’s Rights Tuvalu ratified CEDAW on 6 September 1999. Tuvalu submitted its initial report and second report in 2009 while the 3rd and 4th periodic reports were submitted in 2012. Tuvalu appeared before the CEDAW committee in Geneva in 2015. The concluding observations issued by the committee form the basis of the areas of this action plan that focus on women’s rights. A draft matrix compiled by the Gender Affair’s Department under the Prime Minister’s Office is attached as Annex III. Tuvalu’s next report to the committee is due in 2019. Furthermore, Tuvalu’s commitment to gender equality is stipulated in the TK III (Pages 25–26) and over the years, Tuvalu has significantly progressed in the areas of gender equality and continues to address the systemic issue of violence against women. The Family Protection and Domestic Violence Act 2014 marks a significant milestone in ensuring women in our society are better protected. The government will continue to strengthen various areas including political representation of women both at the national and local governmental level through their participation in the Falekaupules (see TK III, Page 78). The government is committed to amending existing laws to close legal gaps, particularly those relating to inheritance, marriage, and asset related policies with gender dimensions (TK III, Page 25). “Women in Tuvalu are beginning to be more active and participate more in societal activities as a result of the ongoing processes of awareness programs undertaken by the Department of Women in conjunction with the Tuvalu National Council of Women (TNCW) and other concerned departments. Most of these awareness programs such as consultations, trainings and workshops are achieved through funding from overseas donors. Without the financial assistance from donor partners, there is very limited financial resource to improve and promote human rights related issues within the community.” Tuvalu Government CEDAW National Report, 12 November 2012: http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/ layouts/ TreatyBodyExternal/countries.aspx?CountryCode=TUV&Lang=EN Tuvalu’s CRC documents can be found here: http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/ layouts/TreatyBodyExternal/countries.aspx?CountryCode=TUV&Lang=EN 30 Table 6: Women’s Rights Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Legislative Framework Tuvalu will review its laws that may be discriminatory against women Implement ation of new laws Access to Justice To conduct a comprehensive legislative review to determine laws that may be inconsistent with Tuvalu’s obligations under the CEDAW and to amend or repeal discriminatory laws and introduce new legislation that strengthens the protection of women in Tuvalu in line with CEDAW and TK III (Pg. 25). Some of these laws that may need to be reviewed include: i. Principles of equality included in the Constitution ii. Penal Code – limitations of the definition of rape provisions including marital rape, and abortion especially where a woman’s life is under threat iii. Native Lands Act 1956 iv. Marriage Act v. Tuvalu Lands Code 1962 vi. Employment Act 1966 The government will strengthen the implementation of new legislation especially the Family Protection Act. Issues to be addressed include: i. Establishing safe homes for survivors of domestic violence ii. Strengthen the data collection of the number of complaints received by police, prosecutions and convictions etc. iii. Reporting for DV offences iv. Awareness v. Accessibility of forms for protection orders etc. especially for women outside the Funafuti. The government will ensure that women have greater access to justice by: i. Strengthening and resourcing the Office of the People’s Lawyer to be able to assist disadvantaged women access legal services. ii. Enhanced awareness of women’s rights by the community and especially by women including women in the outer islands  AG’s office  OPM/Gender Affair’s Dept.  Ministry of Natural Resources  Falekaupule  Kaupule  OPM  Police  Judiciary  AG’s office  Media  Gender Affair’s Dept.  MFED  OPL  AG’s office  Falekaupule  Gender Affair’s Dept.  Media Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing  No. of laws reviewed in line with commit ments under CEDAW  No. of laws created that promote gender equality.  Increased data collection by the different stakeholders  Increased reporting of DV offences  No. of cases of awareness made on DV laws  No. of women accessing and using the forms.  No. of protection orders issued by the police and the courts.  No. of convictions entered under the DV Act  No. of cases dealt with by the Magistrates court from the filing of the initial complaint.  No. of cases lodged with the police on DV  No. of cases prosecuted by police or prosecutor. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 31 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Participation in Public and Political Life In line with TK III, Tuvalu will strengthen women’s political and public participation The government will strengthen women’s participation in public life including by ensuring the recruitment process is equitable and takes into consideration the importance of gender balance in senior management as well as in the diplomatic corp. Implement the National Gender Policy 2013. Raising awareness of TSM including to the outer islands: i. As per TK III, government to consider introducing TSM to address gender inequality in parliament with two reserved seats for women Provide training for women on public/political participation including other skills such as leadership, governance, management, campaigning, constituency building, etc. Per TK III, amending the Falekaupule Act to emphasise women’s participation in local government  OPM  Human Resource & Management  Gender Affair’s Dept.  Falekaupule  OPM  Gender Affair’s Dept. Ongoing to 2020  No. of women recruited into senior roles in government including in diplomatic missions.  Budgetary allocation towards implementa tion  No. of islands visited  No. of cases of awareness made  Cabinet paper on TSM  No. of relevant training targeting strengthening/ enhancing of women’s skills Possible Partners  Pacific Community (Gender Div. and RRRT)  UN Women  UNDP Tuvalu Delegation, the Attorney General, Eselealofa Apinelu; the former Permanent Secretary for Foreign Affairs and current Prime Minister, Hon. Enele Sopoanga, and Ms Manaema Takashi (Foreign Service officer) at the Human Rights council podium in Geneva during Tuvalu’s first UPR engagement in 2009. DFAT also partners with the Tuvalu government by supporting key activities under the Pacific Women Tuvalu Gender Country Plan which complements the activities identified above. 32 Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Services In line with TK III and commitments under CEDAW, government will continue to ensure access to crucial government services. Government through the Dept. of Women, MOH and the OPM will work with donors and development partners in these areas to ensure a coordinated approach to meeting key priorities around women’s human rights The government will ensure that: Education i. Strengthen efforts to retain girls in school, including young mothers. ii. Encourage more girls to enrol in male dominated fields including science, technology, engineering etc. iii. Improve sanitation facilities in schools, increasing girl’s dormitories facilities, etc. Health Strengthen obstetric health services for women including pre- and post natal services Ensure women have access to free and confidential family planning and counselling services including on the prevention of early pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases Employment In line with TK III, government will open the National Labour Migration Policy to ensure women have better access to the labour migration markets and opportunities especially in the service sectors and in countries such as NZ, Australia and the Cook Islands  OPM  MEYS  Falekaupules  Ministry of Health  Gender Affair’s Dept. Ongoing  No. of girls in schools  No. of scholarships offered to women  No. of scholarships offered to women in specific fields such as engineering, science, technology, etc.  No of school facilities upgraded and improved  No. of doctors and nursing professional dealing with women’s health  No. of laws revised that are discriminator to women.  No. of women accessing overseas employment under the Labour Migration Policy. Possible Partners  TUFHA  UNW  UNFPA  MFATTEL  Gender Affair’s Dept. Data Collection and Analysis In line with the recommenda tions by the CEDAW Com mittee, the government will strengthen statistics and data collection The government will ensure that its data collection methods are strengthened and disaggregated by sex, age, race, geographical background, socio-economic background, etc.  Statics Dept.  Census Dept.  Gender Affair’s Dept.  Finance Ongoing  Data collected are disaggregated.  Relevant data is collected by Govt. Gender Mainstreaming in Government Processes Ensuring gender is main streamed in government processes In line with the TK III, the government commits to ensuring that gender is mainstreamed in government departments and ministries including awareness on gender equality, women’s economic empowerment, political participation, etc. Strengthen initiatives aimed at gender equality within government; everyone counts (Pg. 26 TK III)  Gender Affairs Dept. to all govt. departments and ministries Ongoing  No. of gender policies or SOPs in govt. departments.  No. of cases of awareness on gender carried out by govt. Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 33 Rights of Persons with Disabilities Tuvalu ratified the CRPD in 2013 and is due to submit its initial report in 2016. While this section is filled without reference to any concluding comments, as is the case in the women’s and children’s rights section, it takes into consideration Tuvalu’s obligations under the substantive articles in the CRPD. It then links these rights of persons with disabilities to the commitments of the government under the TK III. The obligations identified under this action plan are not new or additional obligations to the government’s overall existing commitments and obligations; rather, they complement the development commitments under the TK III and SDGs. DFAT is also supporting a Disability Study in Tuvalu with key partners Fusi Alofa and the Government of Tuvalu which will continue to inform further areas of intervention and support around disability rights. Goal Objectives Activities Agency Timeline Indicator Access Education Further to TK III, inclusive system of education to be pursued: i. To review government allocation to Fusi Alofa in line with increasing demands to provide such services. ii. To strengthen partnership with Fusi Alofa to ensure broader consultation on education curriculum that is inclusive. iii. To strengthen initiatives aimed at mainstreaming students with disabilities in primary and secondary schools. Teachers receive specialised disability training to ensure they are able to teach students with disabilities in mainstream schools. Government to invest or seek donor support in providing specialised transportation for children with disabilities  MEYS  OPM – Social Welfare National Partners on all these key activities  Fusi Alofa  Red Cross Ongoing  Education policies include people with disabilities.  No. of scholar ships given for specialised disability courses.  No. of capacity building activities and training to MOE staff on disability. Regional Partners  SPC RRRT  PIFS  UNESCAP  UNICEF Health Government to strengthen or build upon existing professional medical services including: i. Recruiting or have a locum opportunity for specialists including therapists such as occupational, speech therapy. ii. Prostheses services to cater for needs of amputees. iii. Proper medical equipment and expertise that can diagnose disabilities during pregnancies and early childhood. iv. Strengthen care options for people with mental disabilities. Government will work with donor partners to provide scholarships for the specialised study of different areas of medicine including psychiatry, gynaecology, physiotherapy, etc. MOH Govt. will work with traditional donors including Australia Aid, NZ Aid, Cuba and Taiwan Aid etc. for specialised scholarship opportunities for studies in specialised areas Ongoing  No. of scholarships provided for specialised medical training including psychiatry.  No. of pieces of equipment acquired or purchased for ante and post natal care.  No. of opportunities created for specialised medical services for people with disabilities 34 Employ ment To ensure that persons with disabilities are provided the opportunities to allow them to access employment Government is committed to providing vocational and basic training to ensure that persons with disabilities are able to access employment. Government will consider introducing programmes including affirmative action that will allow persons with disabilities to have employment opportunities with the civil services.  OPM  MOH  Dept. of Human Resource  MFED Ongoing No. of disabled persons employed No. of affirmative action programmes introduced and implemented by government. No. of training programmes provided to persons with disabilities Social Security Government to review existing social security policy to ensure more accessibility to persons with disabilities: i. Pursue discussions with the community (especially families with persons with disabilities) around proper allowance for carers and families of persons with disabilities.  OPM  Human Resource  MFED  TNPF Ongoing and per TK III timelines Social security system and programmes reviewed No. of discussions held with people with disabilities and carers on social security issues. Awareness on Disability Treaties and Laws Training and capacity building To continue to engage with communities on the outer islands through training and awareness in the islands on disability laws and policies.  Tuvalu Media  AG’s office  MOH Ongoing No. of training programmes carried out in the outer islands. No. of persons with disabilities involved in the training. Data disaggregated by sex Infra structure Government to invest in making government services and buildings reasonably accessible for persons with disabilities: i. Government to ensure that draft building code is finalised and has provisions for reasonable access to public services and utilities. MPUI Ongoing and per TK III timelines No. of new buildings that are disability accessible. No. of improvement to existing structures to assists accessibility for persons with disabilities “The need for integration and inclusion of women and girls with disabilities in all aspects of society is set out in international human rights conventions. Most Pacific Island countries have ratified one or two relevant conventions and some of their constitutions provide for some human rights. Despite these efforts, the challenge has not yet been met. The data, research and anecdotal evidence drawn on by this study show that, despite some helpful laws, policies and systems of practice in some countries, compared to their disabled male or non-disabled female peers…, women with disabilities: are less educated; experience higher rates of unemployment; are more likely to be abused; are poorer; are more isolated; experience worse health outcomes; generally have lower social status….” Pacific Sisters with Disabilities: at the Intersection of Discrimination; UNDP 2009 http://wwda.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/pacificsisters1.pdf Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 35 Appendix 1, 2 and 3 With relevant focal points in the Women’s Affairs Department dealing with Tuvalu’s CEDAW obligations, the Ministry of Education and Attorney General’s office dealing with CRC and the Attorney General’s office dealing with CRPD and the UPR, these taskforces will draw upon technical support from UN Agencies and SPC RRRT. In conjunction with this NAP, these agencies will continue to support the design and implementation of matrices that contain all the recommendations received from both treaty committees and UPR and use it to track progress on the recommendations specific. A sample of the UPR, CRC and CEDAW observations and recommendations are annexed herein. The full matrices for CEDAW, CRC and the UPR can be obtained from the Office of the Attorney General. … “Tuvalu is immensely encouraged, by the actions of world leaders this week, by the strong leadership of our Secretary General, and the goodwill of humanity. The adoption of the New York Declaration on the Movement of Migrants and Refugees, and the compounding commitment to SDG 2030, and the many countries that have ratified the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, have given us renewed trust and confidence in the work of this Body, the UN, to rise to our hope for the security, progress, and protection of our human rights. But this said, we must deliver on our words…. On development, we are pleased that we now have a united front - our Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 underpinned by the foundational principles of interdependence, universality and solidarity. No country big or small, rich or poor can do it alone. We must collaborate in durable and genuine partnerships on all the Sustainable Development Goals, to benefit us all. Our urgent focus must be for the individuals at the margins of our societies, who can easily be left behind; honoring their basic inequities and insecurities with practical and timely remedies. We are indeed their beacon of hope and our Agenda 2030 must deliver in guaranteeing the fundamental rights and welfare of all citizens, current as well as future generations. The oceans ahead are rough and tough. More than ever we need more moral and soul searching, other than just regurgitating good governance and political solutions. More than ever we also need the helping hand of Almighty God, to guide us in our work. We must bring GOD to the center of our human and UN endeavours to ensure reaching our destiny”… Prime Minister Enele Sopoanga, MP; Statement delivered at the 71st Session of the United Nations General Assembly General Debate September 23, 2016 New York. 36 SA M PL E M AT RI X Re co m m en da ti on Cy cl e Po si ti on Fu ll lis t of r ig ht s/ aff ec te d pe rs on s St at us o f i m pl em en ta ti on (in di ca te if im pl em en te d) / Co m m en ts Re sp on si bl e in sti tu ti on s Ti m ef ra m e In di ca to r Ri gh t or a re a: 2 .1 . A cc ep ta nc e of in te rn ati on al n or m s CO RE T RE AT IE S 82 .1 . C o nti n u e th e eff o rt s to a ch ie ve a cc es si o n t o th e m ai n h u m an r ig ht s in te rn ati o n al in st ru m en ts a n d th ei r co n si st en t i n co rp o ra ti o n in to d o m es ti c le gi sl ati o n (C o st a R ic a) ; 82 .2 . C o n si d er ra ti fy in g n ew in te rn ati o n al h u m an ri gh ts in st ru m en ts w h ic h w o u ld a ss is t in s tr en gt h en in g it s le ga l a n d in sti tu ti o n al fr am ew o rk fo r th e p ro m o ti o n an d p ro te cti o n o f h u m an r ig ht s (N ic ar ag u a) ; 82 .3 . C o nti n u e it s eff o rt s to a cc ed e to t h e re m ai n in g co re i nt er n ati o n al h u m an r ig ht s tr ea ti es , w h ic h w ill st re n gt h en t h e d o m es ti c le gi sl ati o n w it h r eg ar d t o t h e p ro m o ti o n a n d p ro te cti o n o f h u m an r ig ht s, i n cl u d in g fr ee d o m o f re lig io n o r b el ie f (T u rk ey ); 82 .4 . W o rk c lo se ly w it h t h e O H C H R a n d t h e C o u n ci l fo r co n si d er in g ev en tu al p ar ti ci p ati o n to th e co re in te rn ati o n al in st ru m en ts o n h u m an r ig ht s (V ie t N am ); 82 .5 . Fu rt h er co nti n u e in te rn al co n su lt ati o n s an d re q u es t th e te ch n ic al as si st an ce o f re le va nt U N in sti tu ti o n s w it h r eg ar d s to t h e ac ce ss io n t o t h e co re in te rn ati o n al h u m an r ig ht s tr ea ti es ( A ze rb ai ja n ); So u rc e: A /H R C /2 9/ 5/ A d d . 2 A cc ep t A cc ep t A cc ep t A cc ep t A cc ep t UP R of Tu va lu – 2 Cy cle Th em at ic lis t o f r ec om m en da tio ns Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 37 SA M PL E M AT RI X M in is tr y/ D ep ar tm en t Co nc er ne d: Cl us te r/ Th em ati c A re a CR C Co m m itt ee C om m en ts CR C Co m m itt ee R ec om m en da ti on s St at e A cti on P oi nt G en er al M ea su re o f I m pl em en ta ti on M in is tr y of Ed uc ati on , Yo ut h & Sp or ts G en de r A ff ai rs D ep ar tm en t A G s O ffi ce G en er al M ea su re o f Im pl em en ta ti on Le gi sl ati o n Th e C o m m itt ee n o te s as p o si ti ve th e ex is te n ce o f so m e le ga l m ea su re s, w h ic h sa fe gu ar d t h e ri gh ts o f th e ch ild i n t h e St at e p ar ty as w el l as th e fo rm u la ti o n o f th e Fa m ily Pr o te cti o n an d D o m es ti c V io le n ce B ill . Th e C o m m itt ee i s, h o w ev er , co n ce rn ed t h at a c o m p re h en si ve r ev ie w o f al l la w s re la ti n g to c h ild re n h as n o t b ee n u n d er ta ke n i n t h e lig ht o f th e C o nv en ti o n an d th at th e en ac tm en t o f th e Fa m ily Pr o te cti o n a n d D o m es ti c V io le n ce B ill h as b ee n d el ay ed . 1) W it h re fe re n ce to it s G en er al C o m m en t N o . 5 (2 00 3) o n th e ge n er al m ea su re s o f im p le m en ta ti o n fo r th e C o nv en ti o n o n th e R ig ht s o f th e C h ild , th e C o m m itt ee u rg es t h e St at e p ar ty to u n d er ta ke a co m p re h en si ve le gi sl ati ve r ev ie w t o e n su re c o m p lia n ce o f it s le gi sl ati o n w it h t h e p ri n ci p le s an d p ro vi si o n s o f th e C o nv en ti o n a n d e xp ed it e th e en ac tm en t o f th e Fa m ily P ro te cti o n a n d D o m es ti c V io le n ce B ill . T h e C o m m itt ee e n co u ra ge s th e St at e p ar ty to s ee k th e n ec es sa ry t ec h n ic al a n d fi n an ci al su p p o rt fr o m in te rn ati o n al an d re gi o n al o rg an iz ati o n s, in cl u d in g U N IC EF a n d O H C H R . O n go in g R ad io p ro gr am s to r es id en ce o n F u n af u ti an d t o o u te r is la n d s. La n d s (M N R ) – O n go in g o n eq u al ly d is tr ib u te am o n gs t Ka it as i St at e in it s att em pt to h ar m o n is e it s d o m es ti c le gi sl ati o n p ar ti cu la rl y th o se r el ati n g to c h ild re n in lig ht o f t h e C o nv en ti o n . A s p ar t o f i ts N ati o n al P la n as si gn ed t h e A G ’s O ffi ce t o lo o k in to r el ev an t la w s th at a re d is cr im in at o ry a n d n o t in c o m p lia n ce w it h tr ea ti es t h at t h e St at e h as r ati fi ed . Th e A G s o ffi ce is fi rs tl y lo o ki n g in to th e C o n sti tu ti o n al r ev ie w f o r w h ic h c o rr es p o n d en ce w it h r es p ec ti ve d o n o rs o n a ss is ta n ce t o r ec ru iti n g a TA t o a ss is t w it h t h e re vi ew h as b ee n a tt en d ed to . A s fo r re fo rm s to o th er s la w s su ch a s th e N ati ve La n d s A ct , t h e A d o pti o n o f C h ild re n ’s A ct , t h e Pe n al C o d e, M ar ri ag e A ct e tc is p la n n ed t o b e p ro ce ed ed u p o n o n ce t h e C o n sti tu ti o n al r ef o rm h as r ea ch ed co m p le ti o n h o w ev er t h e al te rn ati ve i s to p ro ce ed w it h r ef o rm o n p ie ce m ea l b as is . Th e Fa m ily P ro te cti o n A ct D o m es ti c V io le n ce B ill h as b ee n p as se d a n d it s co m m en ce d at e is t h e 18 th D ec em b er , 20 14 a n d is n o w t h e Fa m ily P ro te cti o n an d D o m es ti c V io le n ce A ct 2 01 4. T h e o ffi ce is n o w st re am lin in g it s im p le m en ta ti o n p ro ce ss . Ed u ca ti o n /i n p ro gr es s to r ev ie w t h e Ed u ca ti o n A ct to t ak e in to c o n si d er ati o n a ll m en ti o n ed . O n go in g R ad io P ro gr am t o r ea ch o u te r is la n d s Tu va lu CR C Pe rio di c R ev ie w Se pt 2 01 3 – CR C Co m m itt ee Co nc lu di ng O bs er va tio ns a nd R ec om m en da tio ns 38 Is su es Pr op os e A cti vi ti es (C ED AW C om m itt ee R ec om m en da ti on s) Te K ak ee ga II I M in is tr y/ D ep ar tm en t re sp on si bl e Ti m e fr am e Pr og re ss /A cti vi ti es u p to d at e & C om m en ts Pa ra 1 0: C ED A W D o m es ti ca te d (i n co rp o ra te d in to t h e le ga l o rd er ) Pr o ce ed w it h o u t d el ay w it h t h e fu ll in co rp o ra ti o n o f th e C o nv en ti o n in to it s n ati o n al le ga l o rd er A G A w ar e o f th e n ee d t o a m en d s ec ti o n 2 7 (1 ) o f th e C o n sti tu ti o n . N o t ye t kn o w n w h en ?? ? D V A ct e n ac te d Pr o ce ss o f im p le m en ta ti o n is s ti ll in p ro ce ss Re vi ew o f C o n sti tu ti o n t o in cl u d e an ti d is cr im in ati o n o n t h e b as is o f ge n d er a n d d is ab ili ty /o th er e n ab lin g la w s to fo llo w r ev ie w t o in co rp o ra te p ri n ci p le s o f C ED A W Pr o p o si n g fo r a sa fe h o u se C o nti n u o u s tr ai n in g o f p o lic e Pa ra 1 2: C o n sti tu ti o n in co rp o ra te d t h e p ri n ci p le s o f eq u al it y A m en d m en t o f se cti o n 2 7( 1) o f th e C o n sti tu ti o n as w el l a s o th er le ga l l eg is la ti o n O n go in g C o n sti tu ti o n al R ev ie w Pa ra 1 4: R ev ie w o f d is cr im in at o ry la w s C o n d u ct a h o lis ti c re vi ew o f it s le gi sl ati o n a n d ad o pt a c le ar ti m e fr am e. A m en d o r re p ea l d is cr im in at o ry le gi sl ati o n : P en al C o d e 19 78 ; th e N ati ve L an d s A ct o f 19 56 , t h e M ar ri ag e A ct 9C ap 2 9) , t h e Tu va lu L an d s C o d e o f 19 62 , t h e Fa le ka u p u le A ct o f 19 97 a n d t h e Em p lo ym en t A ct o f 19 66 A G In t h e p ro ce ss : A m en d m en t to E m p lo ym en t A ct M ar ri ag e A ct /a ge o f m ar ri ag e is n o w 1 8 an d m ar ri ag e u n d er 2 1 ye ar s n ee d s co n se nt f ro m b o th p ar en ts UN C ED AW Co m m itt ee Co nc lu di ng O bs er va tio ns CE DA W 2 01 5 Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 39 UN C ED AW Co m m itt ee Co nc lu di ng O bs er va tio ns (C on td ) CE DA W 2 01 5 Is su es Pr op os e A cti vi ti es (C ED AW C om m itt ee R ec om m en da ti on s) Te K ak ee ga II I M in is tr y/ D ep ar tm en t re sp on si bl e Ti m e fr am e Pr og re ss /A cti vi ti es u p to d at e & C om m en ts Pa ra 1 6: A cc es s to J u sti ce ( la ck o f d is ag gr eg at ed d at a o n c o m p la in ts fi le d b y w o m en a n d t h ei r o u tc o m e a) S et u p a c o m p la in ts m ec h an is m t o e n su re w o m en h av e eff ec ti ve a cc es s to ju sti ce a n d c o lle ct d at a o n t h e n u m b er o f co m p la in ts fi le d b y w o m en , th e ty p es o f co m p la in ts r ec ei ve d a n d t h ei r o u t co m es . b ) E st ab lis h s p ec ifi c re m ed ie s to p ro vi d e re d re ss fo r w o m en in t h e ju sti ce s ys te m a n d r ai se p u b lic aw ar en es s o f th e im p o rt an ce o f ad d re ss in g vi o la ti o n s o f w o m en ’s r ig ht s th ro u gh ju d ic ia l r em ed ie s; c) S tr en gt h en t h e ju sti ce s ys te m , i n cl u d in g th e O ffi ce o f th e Pe o p le ’s L aw ye r, by e n h an ci n g it s h u m an , fi n an ci al a n d t ec h n ic al r es o u rc es , d ep lo y ju d ge s an d le ga l p ra cti ti o n er s to t h e o u te r is la n d s an d e n su re t h e p ro vi si o n o f fr ee le ga l a id t o w o m en w it h o u t su ffi ci en t m ea n s to c la im t h ei r ri gh ts an d ; d ) E n h an ce w o m en ’s a w ar en es s o f th ei r ri gh ts an d t h e m ea n s to e nf o rc e th em , i n cl u d in g by st re n gt h en in g co o p er ati o n w it h c iv il so ci et y o rg a n iz ati o n s, in p ar ti cu la r co m m u n it y b as ed w o m en ’s as so ci ati o n . M ag is tr at e/ Po lic e O n go in g aw ar en es s o n H R a n d W o m en ’s r ig ht . a) St at s D ep rt – P o lic e w o m en d ea lin g w it h w o m en v ic ti m s B ) G A D – e m p o w er m en t o f w o m en v ic ti m s o f fo llo w in g u p o f fi le c as es a n d d at a Po lic e tr ai n in gs b) Pe o p le s la w ye r – aw ar en es s p ro gr am s c) 16 d ay s o f ac ti vi ti es d) Po lic e tr ai n in g o n g en d er a n d e q u it y 40 References • Handbook on National Human Rights Plans of Action; Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva 29 August 2002 • Te Kakeega III – National Strategy for Sustainable Development 201-2020, Government of Tuvalu, 2016, Funafuti, Tuvalu. United Nations Human Rights Reports Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) National Report: CEDAW/C/TUV/3-4; 13 February 2013; Concluding Observation of the CEDAW Committee: CEDAW/C/TUV/CO/3-4; 10 March 2015 Document Source: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, http://www.ohchr. org/EN/Countries/AsiaRegion/Pages/TVIndex.aspx Convention on the Rights of the Child National Report: CRC/C/TUV/1; 10 October, 2012. Concluding Observation of the CEDAW Committee: CRC/C/TUV/CO/1, 29 October 2013 Document Source: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, http://www.ohchr. org/EN/Countries/AsiaRegion/Pages/TVIndex.aspx Universal Periodic Review National Report: A/HRC/WG.6/16/TUV/1; 25 January 2013 Working Group Report: A/HRC/24/8 A/HRC/24/8; 5 July 2013 Document Source: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, http://www.ohchr. org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/TVSession16.aspx Tuvalu Human Rights National Action Plan 2016–2020 41 ...”Today, we stand here facing one of the greatest challenges of humankind, - climate change. We are at a critical point of history. While we condemn in the strongest sense the barbaric acts inflicted by terrorists on the French people and others, we must seize the opportunity of COP21 to exert the strongest leadership to protect and save human beings from the catastrophic impacts of climate change. We must have the greatest possible political will here in Paris. For a country like Tuvalu, our survival depends on the decisions we take at this Conference. Let me emphasize this point. Our survival as a nation depends on the decisions we take at this Conference. This is not a simply stepping-stone to a better future. We stand on a cliff edge. Either we stand united and agree to combat climate change or we all stumble and fall and condemn humanity to a tragic future... This is the time. We must all stand together and reshape our future. A new, comprehensive treaty on climate change is in our reach. Lets do it now. Let’s do it for the future of humanity. Let’s do it for Tuvalu. For if we save Tuvalu we save the world...” Prime Minister Enele Sopoanga, Speech delivered at the Leaders Events for Heads of State and Government at the Opening of the COP21, 30th November 2015. Designed by SPC Funded by the EU EUROPEAN UNION