Control of Plants (plant importation)(amendment) Rules, 2005

NO. S 258 First published in the Government Gazette, Electronic Edition, on 22nd April 2005 at 5:00 pm. CONTROL OF PLANTS ACT (CHAPTER 57A) CONTROL OF PLANTS (PLANT IMPORTATION) (AMENDMENT) RULES 2005 In exercise of the powers conferred by section 49 of the Control of Plants Act, the Minister for National Development hereby makes the following Rules: Citation and commencement 1. These Rules may be cited as the Control of Plants (Plant Importation) (Amendment) Rules 2005 and shall come into operation on 25th April 2005. Amendment of rule 2 2. Rule 2 of the Control of Plants (Plant Importation) Rules (R 4) (referred to in these Rules as the principal Rules) is amended — (a) by inserting, immediately after the definition of ‘‘American tropics’’ in paragraph (1), the following definition: ‘‘ ‘‘biological control agent’’ means a natural enemy, an antagonist or a competitor of a pest, or any other self-replicating biotic entity, used for pest control;’’; (b) by deleting the definitions of ‘‘consignment of plants or plant products’’ and ‘‘soil’’ in paragraph (1) and substituting the following definitions: ‘‘ ‘‘import health requirement’’ means any import health requirement specified or varied by the Director General under rule 7; ‘‘living modified organism’’ means any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of any modern biotechnology technique — (a) that overcomes natural physiological reproductive or recombination barriers; and 1 S 258/2005 (b) that is not a technique used in traditional breeding and selection; ‘‘non-quarantine pest’’ means a pest specified in Part II of the First Schedule; ‘‘quarantine pest’’ means a pest specified in Part I of the First Schedule; ‘‘regulated pest’’ means a pest specified in Part I or II of the First Schedule;’’; and (c) by deleting paragraph (2) and substituting the following paragraph: ‘‘(2) In these Rules — (a) any reference to a consignment of plants, plant products or materials shall include a reference to any container, receptacle, packaging material or other article forming part of such a consignment; (b) any reference to a regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material shall be construed as a reference to a plant, plant product or material, respectively, specified in the Second Schedule; (c) any reference to the importation or movement of any pest, plant, plant product or material shall be read as including a reference to the importation or movement, respectively, of the pest, plant, plant product or material by post; and (d) any reference to a certificate or document shall include a reference to a certificate or document in electronic form.’’. Deletion and substitution of rules 3 to 7 3. Rules 3 to 7 of the principal Rules are deleted and the following rules substituted therefor: ‘‘Persons to whom Rules do not apply 3. Subject to rules 12, 13 and 14, these Rules shall not apply to any person who — (a) with the written permission of the Director-General and subject to such conditions as the Director-General 2S 258/2005 thinks fit to impose, imports any plant, plant product or regulated material for experimental or research purposes; or (b) brings any regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material into Singapore in transit, subject to the condition that the plant, plant product or material is not moved from the point of entry into Singapore to any other place within Singapore except — (i) with the permission in writing of the Director General or an authorised officer; and (ii) in accordance with such terms and conditions as the Director-General or the authorised officer thinks fit to impose. Imported plant, plant product or material to be free of quarantine pests 4. Any person who imports any plant, plant product or material shall ensure that the plant, plant product or material and the container or any other package thereof is free of any quarantine pest. Importation of regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material 5.—(1) No person shall import any regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material except under a permit issued by the Director-General. (2) The Director-General shall, in determining whether to issue a permit under paragraph (1), consider whether the applicant for the permit has complied with every relevant import health requirement and the requirements under paragraph (4). (3) Every permit issued under this rule — (a) shall be valid only for the period specified therein and for the consignment in respect of which it has been issued; and (b) may be subject to such terms and conditions as the Director-General thinks fit to impose, which terms and conditions shall be endorsed on the permit. 3 S 258/2005 (4) Any person who imports any consignment of regulated plants, regulated plant products or regulated materials shall ensure that there is, in respect of that consignment — (a) a phytosanitary certificate; or (b) such other certificate or document or mark issued by or authorised to be issued by a competent government agency in the country of despatch, being an agency which is recognised by the Director-General, in such form and issued in such manner as may be required under any import health requirement. (5) The phytosanitary certificate referred to in paragraph (4) (a) shall be issued not more than 14 days prior to the date of shipment of the consignment by a competent government agency or some other agricultural authority, of the country of despatch, being an agency or authority which is recognised by the Director-General. (6) The phytosanitary certificate or other certificate or document or mark required under paragraph (4) shall certify that every relevant import health requirement has been complied with. Discretion of Director-General to prohibit plant, plant product or material from entering Singapore 6.—(1) Where — (a) a consignment of regulated plants, regulated plant products or regulated materials is imported — (i) without a phytosanitary certificate or other certificate or document or mark referred to in rule 5 (4); or (ii) with a phytosanitary certificate or other certificate or document or mark referred to in rule 5 (4) that does not comply with rule 5 (5) or (6); (b) an imported consignment of plants, plant products or materials is found to be infested with a non-quarantine pest; or (c) an imported consignment of plants, plant products or materials is found to be infested with a pest (other than a regulated pest) which is not native to Singapore and which the Director-General determines to be potentially 4S 258/2005 damaging to any plant in Singapore or the ecosystem of any plant in Singapore, the Director-General may, in his discretion — (i) prohibit the consignment of plants, plant products or materials from entering Singapore; or (ii) permit the consignment of plants, plant products or materials to enter Singapore, subject to such terms and conditions as the Director-General thinks fit. (2) In this rule, a reference to an imported consignment includes a reference to any consignment brought into Singapore by an incoming traveller for his own use. Import health requirements 7.—(1) For the purposes of these Rules, the Director-General may specify such import health requirements as are necessary in respect of any regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material. (2) The Director-General may, from time to time, vary any of the import health requirements — (a) having regard to the status of any regulated pest, regulated plant, regulated plant product or regulated material; and (b) in accordance with the provisions of any international agreement or memorandum of understanding pertaining to the international movement of quarantine pests, regulated plants, regulated plant products or regulated materials. (3) The Director-General shall maintain a register of all the import health requirements for the time being specified under paragraph (1) and any variation to any such requirement under paragraph (2). (4) The register referred to in paragraph (3) shall be made available for public information. (5) In determining whether it is necessary to specify any import health requirement under paragraph (1), the Director General shall have regard to the following matters: 5 S 258/2005 (a) the likelihood that the importation of any plant, plant product or other material may bring any regulated pest into Singapore; (b) the nature and possibility of the effect of any pest on any local plant or plant product, or the environment in or economy of Singapore; (c) any obligation imposed under any treaty, convention, arrangement, memorandum of understanding, exchange of letters or other similar instrument relating to the import of plants to which Singapore is a party; and (d) such other matter as the Director-General thinks relevant.’’. Amendment of rule 8 4. Rule 8 of the principal Rules is amended — (a) by deleting the words ‘‘rule 4 or 7’’ and substituting the words ‘‘rule 5’’; and (b) by deleting the words ‘‘Fifth Schedule’’ and substituting the words ‘‘Third Schedule’’. Amendment of rule 9 5. Rule 9 of the principal Rules is amended by deleting the words ‘‘rule 4 or 7’’ and substituting the words ‘‘rule 5’’. Deletion of rules 10 and 11 6. Rules 10 and 11 of the principal Rules are deleted. Amendment of rule 12 7. Rule 12 (1) of the principal Rules is amended — (a) by deleting the words ‘‘or any of the other materials specified in the First, Second, Third and Fourth Schedules’’ in sub-paragraphs (a) and (c) and substituting in each case the words ‘‘or any regulated material’’; (b) by deleting the words ‘‘plants, plant products or any of the other materials specified in the First, Second, Third and Fourth Schedules’’ in sub-paragraph (d) and substituting the 6S 258/2005 words ‘‘regulated pests or pests referred to in rule 6 (1) (c), regulated plants, regulated plant products or regulated materials’’; (c) by deleting the words ‘‘any pests’’ in sub-paragraph (f) and substituting the words ‘‘any regulated pest or pest referred to in rule 6 (1) (c)’’; (d) by deleting sub-paragraph (g) and substituting the following sub-paragraph: ‘‘(g) direct the importer or owner of any consignment of plants, plant products or materials to destroy the consignment, at his own expense, in such manner as may be determined by the Director-General or immediately export the consignment, where the consignment is found — (i) to be infested with any regulated pest or pest referred to in rule 6 (1) (c), and such pest cannot be effectively controlled through disinfection or disinfestation measures; or (ii) to have been imported in contravention of these Rules;’’; (e) by deleting the words ‘‘plants or plant products’’ in sub-paragraph (h) and substituting the words ‘‘plants, plant products or materials’’; and (f) by deleting sub-paragraph (i) and substituting the following sub-paragraph: ‘‘(i) seize any pest, plant, plant product or regulated material which has been imported or which is being kept in contravention of these Rules or any import health requirement; and’’. Amendment of rule 14 8. Rule 14 of the principal Rules is amended by deleting the words ‘‘any of the pests referred to in the First Schedule’’ and substituting the words ‘‘any quarantine pest’’. Amendment of rule 15 9. Rule 15 of the principal Rules is amended by deleting the words ‘‘Fifth Schedule’’ and substituting the words ‘‘Third Schedule’’. 7 S 258/2005 Amendment of rule 17 10. Rule 17 of the principal Rules is amended — (a) by deleting paragraph (a) and substituting the following paragraph: ‘‘(a) rule 4 or 5 (1);’’; (b) by deleting the word ‘‘Director’’ in paragraph (c) and substituting the word ‘‘Director-General’’; and (c) by renumbering the rule as paragraph (1) of that rule, and by inserting immediately thereafter the following paragraph: ‘‘(2) Any person who imports any consignment of regulated plants, regulated plant products or regulated materials — (a) without a phytosanitary certificate or other certificate or document or mark referred to in rule 5 (4); or (b) with a phytosanitary certificate or other certificate or document or mark referred to in rule 5 (4) that does not comply with rule 5 (5) and (6), shall be guilty of an offence.’’. Deletion of First to Fourth Schedules and new First and Second Schedules 11. The First to Fourth Schedules to the principal Rules are deleted and the following Schedules substituted therefor: ‘‘FIRST SCHEDULE Rule 2 (1) REGULATED PESTS PART I QUARANTINE PESTS Name of Pest Common Name BACTERIA Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens Bean wilt Clavibacter michiganensis sub. sp. nebraskense Leaf freckles and wilt Clavibacter michiganensis sub. sp. sepedonicum Bacteria ring rot 8S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae Coffee halo blight, Twig blight Pseudomonas syringae Leaf spot/blight Xanthomonas ampelina Bacterial blight (grapes) Xanthomonas campestris pv. cassavae Cassava bacterial necrosis Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli Common bacterial blight FUNGI Aecidium cantensis Deforming rust Angiosorus solani (Thecophora solani) Potato smut Ascochyta gossypii (A. phaseolorum) Ascochyta blight Cercospora elaeidis Freckle Claviceps gigantean Ergot, Horse’s tooth Cochliobolus carbonum (Drechslera zeicola) Charred ear mould Colletotrichum coffeanum Coffee berry disease Crinipellis perniciosa (Marasmius perniciosus) Witches broom Cryptosporella eugeniae Dieback Deuterophoma tracheiphila (Phoma tracheiphila) Mal secco Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora Stem canker Erysiphe polygoni Powdery mildew Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis Fusarium wilt Fusarium xylarioides (Gibberella xylarioides) Tracheomycosis Hemileia coffeicola Rust (Powdery, grey rust) Marasmiellus cocophilus Lethal bole rot Microcyclus ulei South American Leaf Blight Moniliophthora roreri (Monilia roreri) Pod rot, watery pod rot Mycena citricolor (Omphalia flavida) American leaf spot Mycosphaerella fijiensis var. difformis Black sigatoka Peronospora tabacina Blue mould Phaeolus manihotis Root rot 9 S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Phoma exigua var fourata (P. exigua var. exigua) Gangrene Phomopsis theae Stem canker Phymatotrichopsis omnivorum Texas root rot Polyscytalium pustulans (Oospora pustulans) Skin spot Puccinia pittieriana Common rust Puccinia psidii Guava rust Sphaceloma arachidis Scab Sphaceloma manihoticola Super elongation Synchytrium endobioticum Black wart, black scab Trachysphaera fructigena Trachysphaera pod rot Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium wilt Verticillium dahliae Verticillium wilt INSECTS Acanthosellides obtectus Bean bruchid Anastrepha oblique West Indian fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus South American fruit fly Anastrepha ludens Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha spp. Fruit fly Antestiopsis spp. Antestia bug Anthomomus vestitus Peruvian cotton boll weevil Anthomomus grandis Mexican cotton boll weevil Aonidomytilus albus Cassava scale Bactrocera tryoni Queensland fruit fly Bathycoella thalassina Cocoa bug Bruchus pisorum Pea pod weevil Caliothrips masculinus Thrips Ceratitis rosa Natal fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly Chaetanaphotrips orchidii Banana rust thrip 10S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Chrysomphalus aonidium Florida red scale Coelaenomenodera elaedis Leaf miner Diatrea abbreviatus Sugarcane root stalk borer Distantiella theobroma Cocoa capsid Epilachna varivestis Mexican bean beetle Euscepes postfaciatus West Indian sweet potato weevil Helopeltis bergrothi Helopeltis bug Hercinothrip bicinctus Banana thrip Hypsipyla robusta Stem borer Rynchophorus phoenicis African palm weevil Leguminivora glycinivorella Soybean pod borer Leptinotarsa decemilineata Colorado potato beetle Leptopharsa heveae Lace bug Leptopharsa gibbicarina Lace bug Leucoptera coffeella Coffee leaf miner Lissorhoptrus oryzephilus Rice water weevil Melittomma insulare Wood borer Menalonium sp Mirid bug Noorda albizonalis Red banded caterpillar Oryctes boas (= O. monoceros) Rhinoceros beetle Pachymerus lacerdae Kernel borer Pachymerus nucleorum Kernel borer Pimelephila ghesquierii Palm moth Planococcus kenyae Kenya mealy bug Prostephanus truncatus Large grain borer Pseudotheraptus wayi Coreid bug Quadraspidiotus perniciosus San Jose scale Rhynchophorus palmarum South American palm weevil Sacadodes pyralis False pink boll worm Sahlbergella singularis Cocoa capsid 11 S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Sesamia cretica Durra/sorghum stalk borer Sophronica ventrallis Berry borer Stenoma decora Cocoa shoot Trogoderma granarium Khapra beetle Xyleborus ferrugineus Black twig borer MITES Aceria guerreronis (= Eryophyes guerreronis) Coconut mite Mononychellus tanajoa (= Ononychelie tanajoe) Cassava green mite Oligonychus peruvianus (= Homonychus peruvianus) Cassava mite PHYTOPLASMAS Phytoplasmas of apple Flat limb Phytoplasmas of banana Cameroon marbling disease Phytoplasmas of cassava Witches broom Phytoplasmas of coconut Lethal yellowing Coconut Awka diseases Phytoplasmas of grape Grapevine Flavescence doree Phytoplasmas of grape Pierce’s disease = Xylella fastidiosa Phytoplasmas of oil palm Leaf mottle Phytoplasmas of papaya Papaya bunchy top Phytomonas staheli Sudden wither Phytomonas sp Maize leaf blight/Leaf scald Spiroplasma citri Stubborn disease Spiroplasma kunkelii Corn stunt, Grassy root NEMATODES Anguina agrostis Bentgrass nematode Anguina graminis Leaf gall nematode Anguina tritici Wheat or seed gall nematode Aphasmatylenchus straturatus Lance nematode of pea 12S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Aphelenchoides arachidis Testa nematode Aphelenchoides blastophorus Stem and bulb nematode Aphelenchoides fragariae Strawberry, bud or foliar nematode Aphelenchoides lilium Bud nematode Bursaphelenchus lignicolus Pinewood nematode Ditylenchus destructor Potato rot nematode Ditylenchus myceliophagus Mushroom spawn nematode Globodera pallida Potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis Golden nematode, potato cyst nematode Hemicycliophora arenaria Sheath nematode Heterodera avenae Cereal cyst nematode Heterodera cacti Cactus cyst nematode Heterodera cajani Pigeon pea cyst nematode Heterodera carrotae Carrot cyst nematode Heterodera cruciferae Brassica root nematode Heterodera cyperi Nutgrass/Sedge cyst nematode Heterodera fici Fig cyst nematode Heterodera geottingiana Pea cyst nematode Heterodera longicaudata Wheat cyst nematode Heterodera oryzicola Rice cyst nematode Heterodera sacchari Sugarcane cyst nematode Heterodera schactii Sugar beet cyst Heterodera sorghi Sorghum cyst nematode Heterodera vignae Pea cyst nematode Heterodera zeae Corn cyst nematode Hirschmanniella miticausa Taro nematode Hirschmanniella spinicaudata Rice root tip nematode Hoplolaimus columbus Columbia nematode 13 S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Hoplolaimus indicus Lance nematode Hoplolaimus pararobustus Lance nematode Longidorus attenuatus Needle nematode Macroposthonia xenoplex Ring nematode Meloidogyne africana Root knot nematode Meloidogyne baurensis Root knot nematode Meloidogyne brevicauda Tea root knot nematode Meloidogyne chitwoodi Columbia root knot nematode Meloidogyne coffeicola Root knot nematode Meloidogyne decalineata Root knot nematode Meloidogyne exigua Coffee root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminis Root knot nematode Meloidogyne indica Root knot nematode Meloidogyne inornata Brazilian root knot nematode Meloidogyne mali Apple root knot nematode Meloidogyne megadora Root knot nematode Meloidogyne naasi Cereal root knot nematode Meloidogyne oteifae Root knot nematode Merlinius brevidens Stunt nematode Nacobbus aberrans False root knot Pratylenchus fallax Lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus California root — Lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei Thorne’s root — Lesion nematode Pratylenchus zeae Corn root — Lesion nematode Punctodera punctata Grass cyst nematode Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (=Bursaphelenchus cocophilus) Red ring nematode 14S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Scutellonema bradys Yam nematode Trichodorus viruliferus Stubby root nematode Xiphinema index Dagger nematode VIRUSES African cassava mosaic virus Anthocyanosis of cotton Arabis mosaic virus Artichoke Italian latent virus Blister spot virus of coffee Brown streak virus of papaya Grapevine corky bark associated virus Rice dwarf virus Dwarf virus of sugarcane Sweet potato yellow dwarf virus Grapevine fanleaf virus Rice hoja blanca virus Grapevine chrome mosaic virus Sweet potato feathery mottle virus Cotton leaf crumple virus Cotton leaf curl virus Leaf mosaic virus of cotton Leaf mottle virus of cotton Grapevine leafroll-associated virus Leaf virus of grape Marginal chlorosis virus of groundnut Mosaic virus of maize Papaya mosaic virus Mosaic virus of rubber Mosaic virus of sweet potato Peanut stunt virus of maize 15 S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name Phloem necrosis virus of tea Peach rosette mosaic virus of grape Rayado fino virus of tea Cacao swollen shoot virus Rice transitory yellowing virus Rice yellow mottle virus Ringspot virus of soybean Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus Stenosis, small leaf of cotton Stunt virus of maize Maize streak virus Waialua disease of papaya Wrinkled stunt and witches broom virus of rice Tomato spotted wilt virus Yellow vein banding virus of cocoa DISEASE OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY Coconut awka Coconut bristle tip Coconut wilt Cassava frog’s skin Coconut head droop Coconut kerala wilt Coconut leaf mottle Coconut leaf scorch Coconut little leaf Coconut thatipaka wilt Mango malformation Cotton Terminal Stunt Graft Transmissible Pathogen 16S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name WEEDS Rottboellia spp. Itchgrass Striga spp. Witchweed PART II NON-QUARANTINE PESTS Name of Pest Common Name FUNGI Cochliobolus eragrotidis. Leaf spot Coleosporium plumeri Rust Cylindrocladium spathiphylli. Root rot Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium wilt Ganoderma boninense Basal stem rot Marasmius inoderma Root rot Rhizoctonia solani (= Thanatephorus cucumeris) Stem & Collar rot, seedling root rot, damping off Sclerotium rolfsii Southern blight/wilt, crown and root rot, stem cankers Ustulina zonata Charcoal stump rot INSECTS Bemisia tabaci White fly Brontispa longissima Hispid beetle Contarinia maculipennis Blossom midge Maconellicoccus hirsutus Hibiscus mealy bug Neolithocolletis pentadesma Leaf miner Oryctes rhinoceros Rhinoceros beetle Plesispa reichei Coconut leaf beetle Quadrastichus spp. Gall wasps Rhesala spp. Raintree webworm Thrips palmi Melon thrip 17 S 258/2005 FIRST SCHEDULE— continued Name of Pest Common Name NEMATODES Discocriconemella spp. Ring nematode Hemicycliophora spp. Sheath nematode Meloidogyne arenaria Peanut root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola Rice root knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla Northern root knot nematode Pratylenchus brachyurus Lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans Lesion nematode Pratylenchus pratensis Lesion nematode WEEDS Cuscuta spp. Dodders SECOND SCHEDULE Rules 2 (2) and 5 IMPORTATION UNDER PERMIT Name of Plants, Plant Products and Other Materials 1. Plants of rubber (Hevea spp.) 2. Plants of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) 3. Plants of coconut (Cocos nucifera) 4. Plants of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) 5. Plants of cassava (Manihot esculenta) 6. Plants of citrus (Citrus spp.) 7. Plants of coffee (Coffea spp.) 8. Plants of cotton (Gossypium spp.) 9. Plants of maize (Zea mays) 10. Plants of banana (Musa spp.) 11. Plants of pineapple (Ananas comosus) 12. Plants of rice (Oryza sativa) 13. Plants of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) 18S 258/2005 SECOND SCHEDULE— continued Name of Plants, Plant Products and Other Materials 14. Plants of tea (Camellia sinensis) 15. Plants of orchid (Orchidaceae) 16. All other living plants or propagating materials such as branches, bulbs, corms, foliages, rhizomes, seeds or tubers, with or without potting media 17. All living plants that have acquired novel genetic materials by techniques of modern technology 18. Fresh or dried herbarium specimens 19. Mushroom spawn 20. All fresh flowers, fruits and vegetables originated from American Tropics 21. All living Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Nematoda and micro-organisms 22. All living modified organisms 23. All biological control agents 24. Soil and organic fertilizers.’’. Amendment of Fifth Schedule 12. The Fifth Schedule to the principal Rules is amended by deleting the words ‘‘FIFTH SCHEDULE’’ in the 1st line and substituting the words ‘‘THIRD SCHEDULE’’. Miscellaneous amendments 13. The principal Rules are amended — (a) by deleting the word ‘‘Director’’ wherever it appears in the following provisions and substituting in each case the word ‘‘Director-General’’: Rules 8, 12 (1) (e), (f) and (h), 13 (2), 14 and 19; and (b) by deleting the words ‘‘plants or plant products’’ in the following provisions and substituting in each case the words ‘‘plants, plant products or materials’’: Rules 13 (1) and (2) and rule heading and 14. [G.N. Nos. S 91/2000; S 152/2004] 19 S 258/2005 Made this 18th day of April 2005. TAN TEE HOW Permanent Secretary, Ministry of National Development, Singapore. [ND202/1-55 Vol. 15; AG/LEG/SL/57A/2003/1 Vol. 3] 20S 258/2005