Latvia Joint Implementation Strategy as defined in the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (2002-2012)

1. Ievads 5

2. Straté©ijas mér˚is, uzdevumi un prognozéjamie rezultåti 6

3. Pasåkumi izvirzîto mér˚u un uzdevumu sasniegßanai 7

4. Veicamie pasåkumi, termiñi un atbildîgås institücijas 11

5. Pasåkumu izpildei nepiecießamais finanséjums 13

6. Pårskata sniegßanas un novértéßanas kårtîba 14

7. Pielikumi 15 Joint Implementation Strategy as defined in the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (2002–2012) 19

1. Introduction 19 2. The goal, objectives and expected results of JI strategy 20

3. Activities to implement the set goals and objectives 21

4. Activities, deadlines and responsible institutions 26

5. Financing needed for implementation of activities 27

6. Procedure of submission and evaluation of the report 29

7. Annexes 30 Tulkoja: Anna Gobzeme Iespiests: McÅbols © BO valsts SIA “Vides projekti” Pils iela 17 LV 1050 Rîga, Latvija ISBN 9984–9655–1–1 3 ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ija (2002. — 2012. gadam)

1. Ievads Latvijas Republikas Saeima 1995. gadå ratificéja ANO Vispåréjo konvenciju par klimata pårmaiñåm (Konvenciju) un 2002. gadå — Konvencijas Kioto 2002. gada 29. oktobrî Latvijas Republikas Ministru kabinets apstiprinåja protokolu (Protokolu), kurå noteikts, ka laikå no 2008. lîdz 2012. gadam Lat- ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzé- vijai siltumnîcas efektu izraisoßo gåzu (SEG) izmeßi jåsamazina par 8% no iz- to kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©iju (2002. — 2012. gadam) meßu daudzuma 1990. gadå. un Ministru kabineta rîkojumu Nr. 653 “Par ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopîgi îstenojamo projektu rea- Protokols paredz trîs elastîgos mehånismus SEG izmeßu samazinåßanai — lizåcijas straté©iju (2002. — 2012. gadam)”. kopîgi îstenojamos projektus (KÈP), tîrås attîstîbas mehånismu un starptautisko emisiju tirdzniecîbu. Ministru kabineta rîkojumå Nr. 653 noteikts, ka par straté©ijas îstenoßanu atbildîga ir Vides aizsardzîbas un re©ionålås attîstîbas ministrija. Tai uzdots KÈP attîstîtajåm valstîm paver iespéjas investét SEG izmeßu samazinåßanå tajås lîdz 2002. gada 20. decembrim iesniegt Ministru prezidenta rîkojuma projek- valstîs, kur tas ir izdevîgåk un kuru valdîbåm varétu trükt resursu. Investors ßajå tu par kopîgi îstenojamo projektu komisijas izveidi, kå arî iesniegt izskatîßanai gadîjumå sañem izmeßu samazinåßanas vienîbas (ISV) par samazinåto izmeßu Ministru kabinetå Kopîgi îstenojamo projektu komisijas nolikumu. apjomu sañéméjvalstî. Lai efektîvi realizétu KÈP, katra valsts var izstrådåt savus kritérijus, kas nosaka iesaistîßanos ßajos projektos. Straté©ijå noteikts, ka Vides aizsardzîbas un re©ionålås attîstîbas ministrija iz- veido Kopîgi îstenojamo projektu grupu. Lai gan investoru interese par KÈP Latvijå ir liela, joprojåm paståv risks, ka Pro- tokols neståsies spékå. Protokols ståsies spékå, kad to ratificés vismaz 55 val- stis, ieskaitot Konvencijas I pielikumå uzskaitîtås valstis, kuru kopéjie CO2 izme- ßi saståda vismaz 55% no ßo valstu CO2 izmeßiem 1990. gadå. 2002. ga- da 24. jülijå Protokolu bija ratificéjußas 76 valstis, no kuråm 23 ir Konvencijas I pielikuma valstis un to kopéjie SEG izmeßi saståda 36% no pasaules SEG iz- meßiem, tåpéc Protokols vél nav ståjies spékå*. KÈP pilotfåzé Latvijå îstenoti 27, Centrålås un Austrumeiropas valstîs kopå — 72 projekti. Par pilotfåzé realizétajiem projektiem investorvalstis nesañem ISV par iz- meßu samazinåjumu. Vairåk nekå puse no Latvijå KÈP pilotfåzé îstenotajiem pro- * Avots: http://unfccc.int/resource/kpstats.pdf 4 5 jektiem bija fosilo kurinåmo aizvietoßana ar atjaunojamajiem energoresursiem 2) izstrådåt nepiecießamos tiesîbu aktus, izveidot institucionålo sistému un ieviest katlumåjås, ko©eneråcijas staciju celtniecîba, kas deva iespéju piesaistît årvalstu ar to saistîtos pasåkumus; finansu resursus, apgüt jaunas tehnolo©ijas un pieredzi starptautiskajå sadarbîbå. 3) noteikt KÈP realizåcijå iesaistîto institüciju uzdevumus un to savstarpéjo saistîbu ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto KÈP cikla nodroßinåßanå; kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ija (2002–2012) izstrådåta, pa- 4) noteikt pasåkumu veikßanas termiñus, atbildîgås institücijas un nepiecießamos matojoties uz Ministru prezidenta 2001. gada 9. oktobra rîkojumu Nr. 344 un finansu resursus. Ministru kabineta 2002. gada 30. aprî¬a sédes protokolu Nr. 18 38§. Lai Pieredze liecina, ka investorvalstis interesé projekti, kuru KÈP komponente (t.s. ßajos tiesîbu aktos neveiktu grozîjumus, sagatavota ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas papildinåmîbas izmaksas) nav mazåka par vienu miljonu latu, un tå parasti sa- par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopîgi îstenojamo projektu re- ståda 10–20% no kopéjåm projekta izmaksåm. Tas nozîmé, ka KÈP veicinås 5 alizåcijas straté©ija (2002–2012), kura izstrådåta saskañå ar Ministru kabineta — 10 reizes lielåka finanséjuma piesaisti. 2002. gada 12. marta noteikumu Nr. 111 “Ministru kabineta kårtîbas rullis” Nåkamo trîs gadu laikå potenciålie KÈP varétu büt CO2 piesaistes palielinåßa- 23.–26. pantu plånam noteiktajåm prasîbåm. Straté©ija sagatavota saskañå ar na meΩsaimniecîbå, biogåzes savåkßana un tås tålåka izmantoßana sadzîves Ministru kabineta 2002. gada 30. aprî¬a sédé apstiprinåto ANO Vispåréjås atkritumu poligonos, biogåzes savåkßana un tås tålåka izmantoßana fermås, konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopîgi îstenojamo fosilo kurinåmo aizvietoßana ar re©eneratîvo t.sk. üdens, saules un ©eotermålo projektu realizåcijas koncepciju (2002 — 2012). Koncepcijas mér˚i ir: ener©iju, kå arî ar biokurinåmo, energoefektivitåtes paaugstinåßana rüpniecîbå 1) sekmét globålo klimata pårmaiñu novérßanu; un jaunu, efektîvu, vidi saudzéjoßo tehnolo©iju izmantoßana ener©étikå. 2) radît pamatu Latvijas kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas politikai nolükå pie- Straté©ijas îstenoßanas rezultåtå tiks: saistît papildus investîcijas videi draudzîgu un energoefektîvu projektu realizåcijai; 1) izveidota KÈP tehniskås, finansiålås un administratîvås vadîbas sistéma; 3) piedåvåt Ministru kabinetam variantu optimålai kopîgi îstenojamo projektu pår- 2) sagatavots projektu portfelis. valdîbai un ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm saistîbu izpildei. Saskañå ar apstiprinåto koncepciju, lai pilnîbå izmantotu KÈP îstenoßanas priekßrocîbas, nepiecießams izveidot paståvîgu institucionålu struktüru, kura veiktu potenciålo projektu apzinåßanu un investoru piesaisti. 3. Pasåkumi izvirzîto mér˚u un uzdevumu sasniegßanai

2. Straté©ijas mér˚is, uzdevumi un 3.1. KÈP realizåcija prognozéjamie rezultåti Normatîvo aktu båzi KÈP projektu îstenoßanai nodroßina Kioto protokols un ar tå îstenoßanu saistîtie Konvencijas dalîbvalstu konferençu pieñemtie lémumi. Tie pa- Kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ijas mér˚is ir redz divus realizåcijas veidus KÈP îstenoßanai nacionålå lîmenî. Ja sañéméjvalsts sekmét globålo klimata pårmaiñu novérßanu, piesaistot atbilst piemérotîbas kritérijiem (skat. 1. pielikumu), tå nosaka un izmanto paßas investîcijas SEG izmeßus samazinoßiem projektiem. izstrådåtås metodes projektu båzes scenåriju apré˚iniem, izmeßu samazinåjuma Lai sasniegtu ßo mér˚i, straté©ija nosaka ßådus uzdevumus: apliecinåßanai un ISV pieß˚irßanai (1. realizåcijas veids). Ja, turpretî sañéméj- 1) veikt pasåkumus Latvijas atbilstîbas KÈP îstenoßanas pirmå realizåcijas veida* valsts ßiem kritérijiem neatbilst, KÈP projektu båzes scenåriju apré˚inu procedüras prasîbåm nodroßinåßanai (skat. 1. pielikumu); izstrådå un izmeßu samazinåjuma apliecinåßanu veic Izpildkomiteja* (2. realizå- * KÈP realizåcijas veidus (angl. track) nosaka Konvencijas * skat. 2. pielikumu 7. dalîbvalstu koferences lémums nr. 16/CP.7. 6 7 cijas veids). KÈP 1. realizåcijas veidam nepiecießamie priekßnosacîjumi ir ßådi*: nai un sekmîgai KÈP administréßanai svarîgi ir izveidot atbilstoßu institucionålo sisté- 1) ratificéts Kioto protokols; mu. Zemåk dots piedåvåtås institucionålås sistémas apraksts un darbîbas shéma. 2) apré˚inåts noteiktais daudzums un izveidota nacionålå sistéma SEG izmeßu un Klimata pårmaiñu politika ir Ministru kabineta kompetencé*, jo tå nav tikai vides piesaistes apré˚iniem; probléma, bet ir cießi saistîta ar citu tautsaimniecîbas nozaru attîstîbu. Tåpéc Minis- 3) izveidots SEG re©istrs; tru kabinets iece¬ atbildîgo ministriju un uzdod tai veikt nepiecießamos pasåkumus 4) Konvencijas sekretariåtam tiek iesniegti ikgadéjie pårskati par SEG izmeßiem KÈP realizåcijas nodroßinåßanai, kå arî izveido KÈP komisiju, kurå ietilpst pårståvji un piesaisti un nacionålie ziñojumi; no Ekonomikas, Finansu, Vides aizsardzîbas un re©ionålås attîstîbas, Zemkopîbas, 5) iecelta atbildîgå kontaktpersona** KÈP jautåjumos; Satiksmes, Årlietu ministrijåm un attiecîgajåm nevalstiskajåm organizåcijåm (NVO). 6) sagatavotas vadlînijas un procedüras KÈP apstiprinåßanai, monitoringam un KÈP komisija apstiprina projektus, tådéjådi pieß˚irot tiem KÈP statusu, kå arî lemj par pårbaudei. lîguma parakstîßanu starp årzemju partneri, Latvijas partneri un Latvijas valdîbu. Lai varétu piemérot KÈP 1. realizåcijas veida procedüru, valstij jåpilda visi Atbildîgå ministrija: minétie priekßnosacîjumi. Íobrîd Latvija pilda divus no tiem — LR Saeima Kio- 1) ir pilnvarota parakstît sapraßanås memorandu ar investorvalsti. Sapraßanås me- to protokolu ratificéja 2002. gada 30. maijå (likums spékå no 2002. gada morands nosaka starpvalstu sadarbîbas vispåréjos principus un tiek noslégts 13. jünija) un ik gadus Konvencijas sekretariåtam tiek iesniegts pårskats par pirms atseviß˚u KÈP realizéßanas; SEG izmeßiem un piesaisti, kå arî iesniegti trîs nacionålie ziñojumi Konvencijas 2) ar ministrijas rîkojumu iece¬ atbildîgo kontaktpersonu par Protokola elastîgajiem dalîbvalstu sanåksmju noteiktajos termiños. mehånismiem t.sk. par KÈP; Íîs straté©ijas uzdevums ir nodroßinåt 5. un 6. punktå uzskaitîto prasîbu izpil- 3) apstiprina KÈP grupas sagatavotos projektu atlases kritérijus un vadlînijas pro- di, kamér påréjie priekßnosacîjumi tiks iek¬auti Klimata pårmaiñu novérßanas jektu apstiprinåßanai, monitoringam un pårbaudei; programmå, jo tie nav tießi saistîti ar KÈP. 4) ir pilnvarota parakstît lîgumu starp årzemju partneri, Latvijas partneri un Latvijas valdîbu par katru projektu, kas tiek iesniegts KÈP komisijai kopå ar projektam 3.2. KÈP realizåcijå iesaistîto institüciju uzdevumi atbilstoßås nozaru ministrijas atbalsta véstuli. un darbîbas mehånisms Palielinot darba apjomu un darbinieku skaitu, kå atseviß˚a struktürvienîba (no- da¬a) tiek izveidota KÈP grupa atbildîgås ministrijas saståvå. KÈP grupa: Starptautiski noteiktajå*** kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas shémå ir 1) pilda KÈP komisijas sekretariåta funkcijas; ßådi galvenie posmi: 2) sagatavo sapraßanås memorandus ar investorvalstîm; 1) sapraßanås memorands starp iesaistîtajåm valstîm sagatavoßana un parakstîßana; 3) sagatavo vadlînijas KÈP apstiprinåßanai, monitoringam un pårbaudei, kå arî 2) KÈP pieteikuma izstråde; prasîbas pilnvarotajåm sertifikåcijas institücijåm; 3) KÈP pieteikuma apstiprinåßana; 4) identificé potenciålos projektus un to sañéméjus (Latvijas partnerus); 4) projekta båzes scenårija pårbaude un sertifikåcija; 5) rîko konkursus finansétåjiem (årzemju partneriem) uz konkrétiem projektu veidiem; 5) lîguma par katru projektu sagatavoßana un parakstîßana; 6) pårbauda KÈP dokumentåciju, ja nepiecießams iesaistot ekspertus. Pårbaudes 6) projekta realizåcija; uzdevums ir nodroßinåt iesniegto projektu atbilstîbu KÈP kritérijiem; 7) ISV re©istråcija un nodoßana; 7) organizé projekta båzes scenårija pårbaudi, ko veic pilnvarota sertifikåcijas in- 8) atskaißu sagatavoßana; stitücija; 9) projektu realizåcijas monitorings. 8) sagatavo lîguma projektu starp årzemju partneri, Latvijas partneri un Latvijas KÈP realizåcijas shémå ir iesaistîtas starptautiskås institücijas, valsts pårvaldes institü- valdîbu par katru projektu; cijas un privåti uzñémumi, tåpéc KÈP 1. realizåcijas veida atbilstîbas nodroßinåßa- 9) nodroßina projekta tehnisko un finansiålo uzraudzîbu; * Dalîbvalstu konferences lémums nr. 16/CP.7 * 2001. gada 9. oktobra Ministru prezidenta rîkojums Nr. 344 ** angl. focal point 2000. gada 6. septembra Ministru prezidenta rîkojums Nr. 325 *** Konvencijas dalîbvalstu sanåksmes lémumi 1997. gada 2. jünija Ministru prezidenta rîkojums Nr. 158 nr. 16/CP.7 un 17/CP.7 8 9 10) sagatavo atskaites par KÈP realizåciju Konvencijas sekretariåtam; 1. attéls. KÈP realizåcijas mehånisms 11) nodroßina paßvaldîbu, uzñémumu un iedzîvotåju informéßanu par KÈP; Konvencijas izpildinstitücijas KÈP komisija Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas institücija 12) sagatavo priekßlikumus Latvijas dalîbai starptautiskajå emisiju tirdzniecîbå; 13) sagatavo priekßlikumus projektu balstîtai emisiju tirdzniecîbai*. KÈP grupas vadîtåjs ir atbildîgå kontaktpersona par KÈP. Tas uzdod SEG re©is- Atbildîgais ministrs tram re©istrét un nodot ISV apliecinåjumus. Atbildîgå ministrija Latvijas partneris rîko projekta sabiedrisko apsprießanu Latvijas likumdoßanå KÈP grupa noteiktajos gadîjumos un kårtîbå, kå arî projekta îstenoßanas laikå nodroßina izmeßu samazinåjuma monitoringu. Latvijas partneris ir projekta sañéméjs — Eksperti un NVO jebkura fiziska vai juridiska persona. Årzemju partneris Latvijas partneris Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas institücija veic projekta båzes scenårija pårbaudi, ap- stiprina to un sertificé projektå radîtås ISV. Par pilnvaroto sertifikåcijas institüciju SEG re©istrs SEG re©istrs LVA Årzemés Latvijå var k¬üt uzñémums, kurß atbilst ßådåm prasîbåm**: 1) ir juridiska persona; Lîgums ISV Informåcija/sadarbîba Atskaites 2) nodarbina pietiekoßu skaitu personu ar pietiekoßåm zinåßanåm KÈP radîto ISV novértéßanå; KÈP grupa sadarbîbå ar ekspertiem un NVO apzina potenciålos projektus un in- 3) ir finansiåli stabils; vestorus, kå arî novérté projektu pieteikumus. KÈP komisija apstiprina projektus, pie- 4) ir spéjîgs izpildît visas ar savu darbîbu saistîtås juridiskås un finansiålås saistîbas; ß˚irot tiem KÈP statusu, kå arî lemj par lîgumu parakstîßanu starp årzemju partneri, 5) ir aprakstîtas tå darbîbas iekßéjås procedüras; Latvijas partneri un Latvijas valdîbu. Årzemju partneris, Latvijas partneris un atbildî- 6) tam ir tehniskås zinåßanas un izpratne par KÈP pamatprincipiem, KÈP projektu pårbau- gå ministrija noslédz lîgumu. Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas institücija veic projekta pår- des vides aspektiem, projekta båzes scenårija apré˚inåßanu un monitoringu, attiecî- baudi un sertifikåciju. Saistîbu periodå Latvijas SEG re©istrs pårskaita sertificétås gajåm audita prasîbåm un metodém, SEG izmeßu un piesaistes apré˚ina metodém; ISV no Latvijas partnera konta uz årzemju partnera kontu SEG re©istrå årzemés. 7) tam ir tåda vadîbas struktüra, kas nodroßina stabilu pakalpojumu kvalitåtes lîmeni; SEG re©istrs un KÈP grupa regulåri atskaitås Konvencijas izpildinstitücijåm. 8) pret to nav ierosinåta tiesvedîba par nelikumîgu vai ¬aunpråtîgu profesionålu darbîbu, kråpßanu un/vai citu darbîbu, kas nav savienojama ar pilnvarotas sertifikåcijas institücijas funkcijåm. Pilnvarotås sertifikåcijas institücijas tiek akreditétas atbilstoßi likumå “Par atbil-

4. Veicamie pasåkumi, termiñi un stîbas novértéßanu” noteiktajai kårtîbai. Latvija var izmantot arî to pilnvaroto sertifikåcijas institüciju pakalpojumus, ko ir akreditéjusi Izpildkomiteja. atbildîgås institücijas SEG re©istra uzdevums KÈP realizåcijas shémå ir nodroßinåt ISV apliecinåjumu (kat- Lai nodroßinåtu KÈP pirmå realizåcijas veida atbilstîbas prasîbu izpildi un rai ISV re©istra datu båzé tiek pieß˚irts re©istråcijas numurs, kas ietver informåciju par 3.2. noda¬å aprakstîto KÈP pårvaldîbas sistémas izveidoßanu, nepiecießams tås izcelsmi) emitéßanu, ISV uzskaiti un pårvedumus starp valsts, juridisko personu veikt ßådus secîgus pasåkumus: kontiem, kå arî starp Latvijas un citu Konvencijas I pielikuma valstu re©istriem. Lai no- 1) iecelt par Protokola elastîgo mehånismu ievießanu atbildîgo ministriju; droßinåtu pilnîgu SEG uzskaiti, SEG re©istrs apmainås ar informåciju ar Latvijas Vi- 2) izveidot KÈP komisiju; des a©entüru (LVA), kura gatavo ikgadéjos pårskatus par SEG izmeßiem un piesaisti. 3) izveidot KÈP grupu (noda¬u) atbildîgås ministrijas saståvå; KÈP realizåcijas mehånisma shematisks attélojums dots 1. attélå. * Projektu balstîta emisiju tirdzniecîba nozîmé, ka valsts pårdod da¬u noteiktå daudzuma pirms pirmå saistîbu perioda un avanså sañemtos lîdzek¬us iegulda izmeßu samazinåßanå. Íî pieeja dod iespéju îstenot SEG izmeßus samazinoßus projektus ar vienkårßotu realizåcijas mehånismu. ** Atbilstoßi 16/CP.7. 10 11 4) iecelt atbildîgo kontaktpersonu KÈP jautåjumos; 5) sagatavot un apstiprinåt vadlînijas KÈP apstiprinåßanai, monitoringam un pårbaudei;

5. Pasåkumu izpildei nepiecießamais 6) izveidot un uzturét Protokola elastîgo mehånismu interneta måjas lapu; finanséjums 7) sagatavot un apstiprinåt vadlînijas projektu balstîtai emisiju tirdzniecîbai; KÈP grupai büs jåveic kå uzdevumi, kas ir tießi saistîti ar projektiem, tå arî uzdevu- 8) apré˚inåt noteikto daudzumu; mi, kas saistîti ar Latvijas dalîbas elastîgajos mehånismos nodroßinåßanu. Pirmås 9) izveidot nacionålo sistému SEG izmeßu un piesaistes apré˚iniem; uzdevumu grupas izmaksas tiks iek¬autas kopéjås projekta izmaksås un tås segs 10) izveidot SEG re©istru; projekta iesniedzéjs, kamér otrås uzdevumu grupas nodroßinåßanai ir nepiecie- 11) veikt pilnvaroto sertifikåcijas institüciju akreditåciju. ßams finanséjums no valsts pamatbudΩeta un speciålå budΩeta lîdzek¬iem. KÈP Atbildîgo ministriju par Protokola elastîgo mehånismu ievießanu iece¬ ar Minis- grupai nepiecießamie finansu resursi otrås uzdevumu grupas nodroßinåßanai no tru kabineta rîkojumu, ar kuru tiek apstiprinåta ßî straté©ija. KÈP straté©ijas ievie- 2003. lîdz 2006. gadam ir aptuveni 155 tükst. LVL, no tiem 110,3 tükst. LVL ßanas rîcîbas plåns dots 1. tabulå. bütu jåsedz no valsts pamatbudΩeta un påréjie — no speciålå budΩeta lîdzek¬iem. No valsts pamatbudΩeta un speciålå budΩeta nepiecießamå papildus 1. tabula Rîcîbas plåns finanséjuma KÈP grupas izveidei un uzturéßanai apré˚ins dots 2. tabulå. Rîcîba Termiñß Atbildîgå institücija KÈP komisijas nolikuma izstråde un iesniegßana Ministru kabinetå 2002. gada 20. decembris Atbildîgå ministrija 2. tabula KÈP grupas izmaksas, LVL Ministru prezidenta rîkojuma par KÈP 2002. gada 20. decembris Atbildîgå ministrija Postenis 2003. gads 2004. gads 2005. gads 2006. gads komisijas izveidi iesniegßana Ministru kabinetå KÈP grupas nolikuma izstråde un apstiprinåßana 2003. gada 1. jülijs Atbildîgå ministrija Darbinieku skaits 3 4 4 4 KÈP grupas izveide 2003. gada 1. jülijs Atbildîgå ministrija Ikgadéjie izdevumi 29 109,88 39 357,12 39 357,12 39 357,12 Atbildîgås kontaktpersonas KÈP jautåjumos iecelßana 2003. gada 1. jülijs Atbildîgå ministrija Darba algas 13 200,00 16 800,00 16 800,00 16 800,00 Vadlîniju KÈP apstiprinåßanai, monitoringam Sociålås apdroßinåßanas maksåjumi (24,09%) 3 179,88 4 047,12 4 047,12 4 047,12 2003. gada 1. oktobris Atbildîgå ministrija un pårbaudei sagatavoßana Komandéjumu izdevumi 3 000,00 4 000,00 4 000,00 4 000,00 Vadlîniju ikgadéjo pårskatu par KÈP sagatavoßanai tulkoßana 2003. gada 1. novembris Atbildîgå ministrija Pakalpojumu apmaksa: Interneta lapas izveidoßana 2003. gada 1. decembris Atbildîgå ministrija telefonu apmaksa 1 380,00 2 160,00 2 160,00 2 160,00 Projektu balstîtas emisiju tirdzniecîbas vadlîniju sagatavoßana 2004. gada 1. maijs Atbildîgå ministrija internets 2 600,00 2 600,00 2 600,00 2 600,00 2003. gada 1. janvåris – Projektu uzraudzîba Atbildîgå ministrija kancelejas preces 600,00 600,00 600,00 600,00 2012. gada 31. decembris Informatîvs ziñojums Ministru kabinetam par ANO Vispåréjås seminåru organizéßana 100,00 100,00 100,00 100,00 2004. gada 1. jülijs un turp- konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto Transporta izdevumi 800,00 800,00 800,00 800,00 måk katru treßo gadu lîdz Atbildîgå ministrija kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ijas (2002–2012) Ères un komunålie maksåjumi 1 200,00 1 200,00 1 200,00 1 200,00 2012. gada 1. jülijam ievießanas pasåkumu izpildi Gråmatu un Ωurnålu iegåde, pasta izdevumi 50,00 50,00 50,00 50,00 Apré˚inåts noteiktais daudzums un nacionålå sistémas 2006. gada 1. janvåris Atbildîgå ministrija Lîgumi ar ekspertiem 3 000,00 7 000,00 7 000,00 7 000,00 SEG izmeßu un piesaistes apré˚iniem izveide SEG re©istra izveide 2006. gada 31. decembris Atbildîgå ministrija Vienreizéjie izdevumi 6 330,00 2 130,00 – – 2008. gada 1. janvåris – Darba vietas iekårtoßana: KÈP dokumentåcijas pårbaude Atbildîgå ministrija 2012. gada 31. decembris mébeles 1 200,00 400,00 – – 2008. gada 1. janvåris – 30,00 – Atskaites par KÈP Konvencijas sekretariåtam Atbildîgå ministrija telefoni 30,00 – 2012. gada 31. decembris ISV apliecinåjumu emitéßana, ISV uzskaite un 2008. gada 1. janvåris – mob. telefonu iegåde 450,00 150,00 – – Atbildîgå ministrija pårvedumu nodroßinåjums 2012. gada 31. decembris datori un programmatüra 4 650,00 1 550,00 – – Informatîvs ziñojums Ministru kabinetam par ANO Vispåréjås Pavisam 35 439,88 41 487,12 39 357,12 39 357,12 2009. gada 1. jülijs un turp- konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto måk katru gadu lîdz 2012. Atbildîgå ministrija kopîgi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ijas (2002–2012) gada 1. jülijam ietvaros realizétajiem projektiem 12 13 Izdevumi, kas tießi saistîti ar projektu, pieméram, projekta pieteikuma pårbau- Kabinetam apstiprinåßanai nacionålos ziñojumus ne vélåk kå trîs méneßus de, apliecinåßana, sertifikåcija un atskaißu sagatavoßana, saståda vidéji 10% pirms Konvencijas dalîbvalstu sanåksmju lémumos noteiktå nacionålo ziñojumu no projekta KÈP komponentes summas un tå sedz projekta iesniedzéjs — Latvi- iesniegßanas termiña. jas vai årvalsts partneris. Slédzot lîgumu starp atbildîgo ministriju un projekta dalîbniekiem, 1% no projekta kopéjås summas tiks novirzîts KÈP sistémas attîstîbai. SEG re©istra izveidi un uzturéßanu organizé atbildîgå ministrija. SEG re©istru

7. Pielikumi paredzéts izveidot no 2004. lîdz 2006. gadam. Paßlaik nav skaidrs, kådam jåbüt SEG re©istram, bet tå izveidei nepiecießamås izmaksas jåsedz no spe- 1. pielikums. KÈP pirmå un otrå realizåcijas veida ciålå budΩeta lîdzek¬iem. Såkot ar 2007. gada 1. janvåri büs nepiecießami fi- nansu resursi SEG re©istra uzturéßanai, kuri jåsedz no valsts pamatbudΩeta prasîbu salîdzinåjums lîdzek¬iem. SEG re©istra izveides un uzturéßanas indikatîvås izmaksas büs iek- Kritériji 1. realizåcijas veids* 2. realizåcijas veids* Institücijas Latvijå ¬autas Klimata pårmaiñu novérßanas programmå. Kioto protokola dalîbvalsts ✗ ✗ ir Apré˚inåts noteiktais daudzums ✗ ✗ nav LVA VARAM uzdevumå veic obligåto SEG izmeßu un piesaistes pårré˚inu no Pårskats par SEG izmeßiem ✗ – Latvijas Vides a©entüra 1990.–2000. gadam no speciålå budΩeta lîdzek¬iem. Íie pårré˚ini büs par Re©istrs ✗ ✗ nav pamatu noteiktå daudzuma apré˚inåßanai, tådéjådi papildus izmaksas ßim Par Protokola elastîgajiem mehånismiem ✗ ✗ nav pasåkumam nebüs nepiecießamas. LVA atbildîgås ministrijas uzdevumå jåizvei- atbildîgå kontaktpersona do un jåuztur nacionålå sistéma SEG izmeßu un piesaistes apré˚iniem Naci- Nacionålås vadlînijas projektu sagatavoßa- ✗ – nav nai, apstiprinåßanai un monitoringam onålås sistémas izveides un uzturéßanås izmaksas nav novértétas finansu trüku- KÈP posmi ma dé¬. Nacionålås sistémas izveides un uzturéßanas indikatîvås izmaksas büs 1. Projekta izstråde Projekta ierosinåtåjs Projekta ierosinåtåjs Projekta ierosinåtåjs iek¬autas Klimata pårmaiñu novérßanas programmå. 2. Apstiprinåßana Nacionålå institücija Starptautiskå institücija Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas institücija

3. Re©istråcija Nacionålå institücija Starptautiskå institücija KÈP grupa

4. Monitorings Projekta ierosinåtåjs Projekta ierosinåtåjs Projekta Latvijas partneris Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas

6. Pårskata sniegßanas 5. Verifikåcija Nacionålå institücija Starptautiskå institücija institücija Pilnvarotå sertifikåcijas

6. Sertifikåcija Nacionålå institücija Starptautiskå institücija un novértéßanas kårtîba 7. ISV, NDV, SIS emitéßana Re©istrs Re©istrs institücija SEG re©istrs Atbildîgå ministrija iesniedz Ministru Kabinetam informatîvu ziñojumu par ANO Vispåréjås konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopî- 2. pielikums. Lietoto terminu skaidrojums gi îstenojamo projektu realizåcijas straté©ijas (2002 — 2012) ievießanas pasåkumu izpildi lîdz 2004. gada 1. februårim un turpmåk katru treßo gadu ANO Vispåréjå konvencija par klimata pårmaiñåm ir vienoßanås, kurai ir lîdz 1. februårim, kå arî ikgadéju informatîvu ziñojumu par ANO Vispåréjås pievienojußås 185 valstis, lai 2000. gadå panåktu SEG izmeßu apjoma sa- konvencijas par klimata pårmaiñåm Kioto protokolå paredzéto kopîgi îstenoja- mazinåjumu lîdz 1990. gada apjomam. Konvencijai ir divi pielikumi: “I Val- mo projektu realizåcijas straté©ijas (2002 — 2012) ietvaros realizétajiem pro- stis, kuråm ir izmeßu stabilizéßanas saistîbas”, un “II Valstis, kuras apñémußås jektiem iesniedz Ministru kabinetå lîdz 2009. gada 1. jülijam un turpmåk kat- finansét izmeßu samazinåßanas pasåkumus”. ru gadu lîdz 1. jülijam. Atbildîgå ministrija arî sagatavo un iesniedz Ministru * angl. “Track 1” un “Track 2” 14 15 Båzes scenårijs ir ekonomiskå attîstîba izvélétam laika periodam, kurå ietver- attîstîtås valstis ir apñémußås nepårsniegt Protokola pirmajå saistîbu periodå. tas visas tås pårmaiñas, kas sagaidåmas ßajå periodå kå valsts normålas eko- Papildinåmîba nozîmé, ka KÈP rezultåtå radîtajam izmeßu samazinåjumam nomiskås attîstîbas rezultåts. Tajå nav ietverta nekåda papildu rîcîba, kas izriet jåbüt papildus spékå esoßo likumdoßanas aktu un politikas dokumentu no neplånotajiem pasåkumiem SEG izmeßu apjoma samazinåßanai vai pie- prasîbåm. saistes palielinåßanai. Siltumnîcas efektu izraisoßås gåzes ir atmosféras dabiskås un antropogénås CO2 ekvivalents — påréjo SEG izmeßu daudzumu izsaka CO2 ekvivalentos, gåzveida saståvda¬as, kas absorbé un reemité infrasarkano starojumu — og- izmantojot to globålås sasilßanas potenciålu. lek¬a dioksîds (CO2), metåns (CH4), vienvértîgå slåpek¬a oksîds (N2O), fluo- Elastîgie mehånismi — Kioto protokolå paredzétie mehånismi SEG izmeßu sa- rog¬üdeñraΩi (HFC), perfluoroglek¬a savienojumi (PFC), séra heksafluorîds (SF6), mazinåßanai, kurus var realizét ne tikai katra valsts individuåli, bet arî valstis oglek¬a oksîds (CO), slåpek¬a oksîdi (NOx) un nemetåna gaistoßie organiskie kopîgi sadarbojoties, ievérojot savas intereses. savienojumi (NMGOS). Izmeßu samazinåjuma vienîba (ISV) ir SEG izmeßu samazinåjums, kas pa- Starptautiskå emisiju tirdzniecîba — valstis, kurås SEG izmeßu apjomi ir zem nåkts KÈP rezultåtå. 1 ISV atbilst 1 tonnai CO2 ekvivalentu. to saistîbu lîmeña, var pårdot savas neizmantotås “izmeßu at¬aujas” valstij, kas Izpildkomiteja ir Konvencijas institücija, kas atbild par tîras attîstîbas mehånis- pårsniegusi savu pie¬aujamo izmeßu apjomu, kå rezultåtå izmeßu apjoms ko- ma projektu uzraudzîbu. pumå nemainås. Noteiktå daudzuma vienîba atbilst 1 tonnai CO2 ekvivalentu. Kioto protokols paredz individuåli vai kopîgå rîcîbå samazinåt SEG izmeßu Tîras attîstîbas mehånisms ir lîdzîgs kopîgi îstenojamiem projektiem. Galvenå apjomu laikå no 2008. lîdz 2012. gadam par 5% zem båzes gada lîmeña. atß˚irîba ir tå, ka tîras attîstîbas mehånisms iesaista jaunattîstîbas valstis, kuras Protokolam ir divi pielikumi: “A. Siltumnîcefekta gåzes, to uzskaites sektori un nav uzñémußås izmeßu samazinåßanas saistîbas. Mehånisma galvenais mér˚is avotu kategorijas” un “B. Valstis, kuråm ir izmeßu samazinåßanas saistîbas”. ir tîråku tehnolo©iju ievießana jaunattîstîbas valstîs, investoram sañemot sertificé- tu izmeßu samazinåjumu. 1 sertificétå izmeßu samazinåjuma vienîba atbilst Klimata pårmaiñas ir ar cilvéka darbîbu tießi vai netießi saistîtas klimata 1 tonnai CO2 ekvivalentu. pårmaiñas, kas radußås izmainoties Zemes atmosféras saståvam un kas papil- dus klimata dabiskajåm pårmaiñåm novérotas noteiktos laika periodos. Kopîgi îstenojamie projekti ir pie¬aujami starp Kioto protokola B pielikuma valstîm. Investors — valsts vai privåtuzñémums — par ieguldîjumiem SEG izme- ßu samazinåßanå sañem ISV, kuras var pårdot vai nu savai valdîbai, vai starp- tautiskajå tirgü, ja tåds tiks izveidots. Investorvalsts drîkst izmantot ßîs vienîbas savu saistîbu izpildei, tådéjådi izmantojot cenu starpîbu starp izmeßu sama- zinåßanu savå valstî un mazåk attîstîtå valstî. Investorvalsts drîkst “mainît” savas investîcijas pret sañéméjvalstî pieejamåm ISV. Kopîgi îstenojamie pilotprojekti, kas ir kopîgi îstenojamo projektu pilotfåze, ir aktivitåtes, kas iespéjamas starp attîstîtajåm valstîm (un to uzñémumiem) un attîstîbas valstîm (un to uzñémumiem). Nacionålå sistéma ir Kioto protokola 5. pantå minétå sistéma SEG izmeßu un piesaistes apré˚iniem, izmeßu un piesaistes prognozém un atskaißu sagatavo- ßanai Konvencijas sekretariåtam. Noteiktais daudzums ir kopéjais pie¬aujamais SEG izmeßu apjoms, ko 16 17 Joint Implementation Strategy as Defined In the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (2002–2012)

1. Introduction On 29 October 2002, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia The Saeima (Parliament) of the Republic of Latvia ratified the UN Framework approved the Strategy of Joint Implementation for 2002–2012 as defined in Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1995 and the Kyoto Protocol the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention of Climate Change and to the UNFCCC in 2002. By signing the Kyoto Protocol, Latvia undertook to passed Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 653 “On the Strategy of reach 8% reduction (compared to 1990) of emissions of greenhouse gases Joint Implementation (2002–2012) as Defined In the Kyoto Protocol to the UN responsible for global warming during 2008–2012. Framework Convention on Climate Change”. The Protocol allows for the use of three flexible mechanisms to reduce emis- The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 653 stipulate that the Ministry sions of greenhouse gases (GHG) — Joint Implementation (JI), the Clean of Environmental Protection and Regional Development is the institution, which Development Mechanism (CDM) and International Emissions Trading (ET). is responsible for the implementation of the Strategy. By December 2002, the The Joint Implementation offers the developed countries the opportunity of Ministry shall submit the draft ordinance of the Prime Minister on setting up the investing in greenhouse gas emissions reduction in countries where they can Joint Implementation Commission, as well as submit the Regulation on the Joint benefit from this activity under the Protocol and where governments might be Implementation Commission to the Cabinet of Ministers for consideration. short of the necessary resources. The investor in this case will be able to earn The Strategy requires that the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional the “emissions reduction units” (ERU) for the amount of reduced emissions in the Development to establish the Joint Implementation Group. host country. To be able to efficiently work with JI projects, each country may develop its own criteria for participation in such projects. Although interest of investors to participate in JI activities in Latvia is high, there is still a risk that the Protocol will not take effect. The Protocol will gain effect when it is ratified by at least 55 countries, including the countries identified in Annex I of the UNFCCC, with total carbon–dioxide emissions accounting for at least 55 % of the 1990 figure for total CO2 emissions. On 24 July 2002, 76 countries had ratified the Protocol of which 23 were Annex I countries of the UNFCCC with total emissions equalling to 36% of world GHG emission, which is the reason why the Protocol has not yet taken effect*. 27 projects were implemented in Latvia in the pilot phase for Joint Implementation, or Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ), (total 72 projects in countries of Central and Eastern Europe). The investor countries are not entitled to ERU for AIJ. More than * Source: http://unfccc.int/resource/kpstats.pdf 18 19 half of projects carried out in Latvia during the pilot phase dealt with replacement requirements (see Annex 1); of fossil fuels with renewable energy resources in boiler houses, construction of 2) to develop the necessary legal acts, to create the institutional system and co–generation plants that allowed drawing foreign financial resources, master implement the related activities; new technologies and acquire experience of international co–operation. 3) to define tasks of institutions involved in JI projects and their interoperability to Joint Implementation Strategy as defined in the Kyoto Protocol to the UN support the JI cycle; Framework Convention on Climate Change (2002–2012) (JI Strategy) was devel- 4) to identify deadlines, responsible entities and the needed financial resources to oped on the basis of Ordinance No. 344 of the Prime Minister of Latvia of implement activities. October 9, 2001 and Minutes No. 18, §38 of the session of the Cabinet of Experience shows that investor countries are interested in the projects where Ministers of April 30, 2002. To avoid the need to amend these documents, JI the JI component (i.e. additionality costs) is not less than one million LVL and Strategy was developed in line with provisions of Articles 23–26 of the which normally corresponds to 10–20% of total project costs. This means that Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 111 of March 12, 2002 (the “Roll of JI projects will promote drawing of 5–10 times bigger financing. Order of the Cabinet of Ministers”). JI Strategy was developed matching the Joint Potential JI projects for the next three years might lie in the area of higher CO2 Implementation Concept as defined in the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework removal levels in forestry, biogas collection and further use in household waste Convention on Climate Change (2002–2012) approved by the Cabinet of disposal sites, biogas collection and further use in farms, replacement of fossil Ministers on April 30, 2002. The key goals identified in the Concept are: fuels with the renewable resources, including water, sun and geothermal ener- 1) to promote prevention of the global climate change; gy and biofuel, use of new efficient, environmentally friendly technologies in 2) to create the foundation for Joint Implementation policy targeted at attraction of energy industry. additional investment for implementation of environmentally friendly and energy The expected outcomes of the implementation of JI Strategy are: efficient projects; 1) creation of technical, financial and administrative management system of JI 3) to propose to the Cabinet of Ministers the option for optimal governance of projects; Joint Implementation projects and fulfilment of requirements of UNFCCC. 2) creation of project portfolio. In accordance with the approved Concept and to be able to fully benefit from the advantages offered by the Joint Implementation, it is necessary to create a perma- nent institutional structure that would study potential projects and attract investors.

3. Activities to implement the set goals and objectives

2. The goal, objectives 3.1. JI project implementation and expected results of JI strategy The Kyoto Protocol and decisions passed by the conferences of the Parties The goal of JI Strategy is to promote elimination of climate form the regulatory base of JI projects. They foresee two types of implementa- change by attracting investors to projects aimed at GHG tion or tracking of JI projects on the national level. If the host country matches emissions reduction. the eligibility criteria (see Annex 1), it may identify and use the country’s own To achieve this goal JI Strategy stipulates the following objectives: modalities for calculation of baseline scenarios of projects, to certify emissions 1) to carry out procedures to assure that Latvia conforms with the JI Track 1* reduction and issue ERU (Track 1). Conversely, the second procedure (Track 2) * JI tracks are defined in Decision No. 16/CP.7 of the 7th session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC 20 21 is applied if the host Party does not meet all the eligibility requirements. In such 4) verification and certification of the baseline of the project; cases, the procedure of baseline setting and certification of emissions reduc- 5) drafting and signing the agreement on each project; tion is supervised by the Supervisory Committee*. The country is eligible to 6) project implementation; Track 1 if it is in compliance with the following preconditions**: 7) ERU registration and transfer; 1) it has ratified the Kyoto Protocol; 8) reporting; 2) it has established its assigned emissions reduction amount and has in place 9) monitoring of project implementation. the national system for the estimation of anthropogenic emissions by sources JI project implementation procedure involves international institutions, public and anthropogenic removals by sinks of GHG; administration bodies and private enterprises; therefore, establishment of the 3) it has in place the national GHG registry; corresponding institutional system to ensure conformity assessment and success- 4) it has submitted to the secretariat the annual inventory of GHG emissions and ful administration of JI Track 1 becomes an important task. The description of removals and the required national reports; the suggested institutional system and scheme of operations is provided below. 5) it has identified the focal point for JI projects; The climate change policy lies in the competence of the Cabinet of Ministers**, as 6) there are guidelines and procedures for JI approval, monitoring and verification. this is not purely environmental problem because of its close relation to the develop- To be able to apply JI Track 1 procedure, the country should meet all the ment of other sectors of economy. Therefore, the Cabinet of Ministers appoints the above–mentioned preconditions. At the moment Latvia satisfies two require- responsible ministry and delegates this ministry the task to carry out all the necessary ments — the Saeima (Parliament) of the Republic of Latvia ratified the Kyoto activities to ensure JI project implementation. The Cabinet of Ministers also sets up Protocol on 20 May 2002 (the law took effect on 13 June 2002), and Latvia the JI Commission comprising representatives from the Ministry of Economy, Ministry submits its annual inventories of GHG emissions and removals to the secretari- of Finance, Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development, at and has submitted three national communications within deadlines estab- Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and relevant lished by the conferences of the Parties to the UNFCCC. non–governmental institutions (NGO). JI Commission approves projects thus award- The objective of this strategy is to ensure the implementation of the require- ing them the JI project status and decides on signing agreements between the for- ments mentioned in Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6 and the remaining require- eign partner, Latvian partner and the government of Latvia. ments will be included in Climate Change Mitigation Program as items that The responsible Ministry is authorised: are not directly linked to JI. 1) to sign the MoU with the investor country. The MoU stipulates general co–operation principles between the countries and is concluded prior to imple- 3.2. Tasks and mechanisms of work of institutions involved in JI mentation of each JI project; 2) to appoint (with the ministerial decision) the focal point for the flexible mecha- The internationally accepted*** JI implementation scheme consists of the follow- nisms of the Protocol, including JI; ing main phases: 3) to approve project selection criteria and guidelines for project approval, moni- 1) drafting and signing the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) toring and verification developed by the JI Group; between the involved parties; 4) to sign the contract between the foreign partner, Latvian partner and the gov- 2) development of JI project application; ernment of Latvia on each project submitted to the JI commission with the 3) approval of the JI project application; attached letter of approval from the relevant line ministry. With the increasing amounts of work and number of staff, it is planned to set up the JI Group as a separate structural unit (department) functioning within the responsible ministry. The JI Group: * See Annex 2 **JI tracks are defined in Decision No. 16/CP.7 of the 7th session of the Conference of ** Ordinance No. 344 of the Prime Minister of 9 October 2001 the Parties to the UNFCCC Ordinance No. 325 of the Prime Minister of 6 September 2000 *** Conference of the Parties, decisions No. 16/CP.7 and 17/CP.7 Ordinance No. 158 of the Prime Minister of 2 June 1997 22 23 1) fulfils the functions of the JI Commission secretariat; 6) has the necessary technical expertise and understanding of the basic guide- 2) prepares Memorandum of Understanding with investor countries; lines for JI operation, environmental issues relevant to JI project verification, set- 3) prepares JI project approval, monitoring and verification guidelines and ting and monitoring of project baseline scenarios, relevant environmental audit- requirements for Independed entities; ing requirements and methodologies, methods of accounting of anthropogenic 4) identifies potential projects and project hosts (Latvian partners); emissions and/or removals by sinks; 5) organises tenders of project financing entities (foreign partners) for concrete 7) has the management structure able to secure stable quality level of delivered project types; services; 6) checks JI documents, if necessary by involving experts. The goal of such verifi- 8) is not involved in any pending judicial process for illegal professional activity cation is to ensure compliance of the submitted projects to JI criteria; and malpractice, fraud and/or other activity incompatible with its functions as 7) organises verification of project baseline scenarios, which is carried out by an an Independent entity; Independent entity; Independent entities are accredited in line with the law “On Conformity 8) prepares draft contracts between the foreign party, Latvian party and the gov- Assessment”. Latvia may also use services of the authorised certification institu- ernment of Latvia on each project; tions accredited by the Supervisory Committee. 9) ensures technical and financial supervision of projects; The task of GHG registry in JI implementation scheme is to issue ERU certifica- 10) prepares reports on JI project implementation to submit them to the UNFCCC tion (each ERU is given a registration number in the registry data base which Secretariat; contains information about its origin), ERU accounting and transfer between 11) provides information about JI projects to local governments, enterprises and the accounts of the government, legal entities and between registries of Latvia and community; other registries in UNFCCC Annex I countries. To ensure complete GHG 12) prepares proposals for participation of Latvia in International Emissions Trading; accounting, GHG registry exchanges information with the Latvian Environment 13) prepares proposals for Project–based Emissions Trading*. Agency (LEA), which is in charge of the annual reporting obligations on GHG JI Group leader is the contact person responsible for JI. The group leader emissions and removals. requests the GHG registry to register and transfer ERU certification. JI project’s implementation scheme is presented in Figure 1. The Latvian partner organises public discussion of the project in cases and Figure 1. JI implementation mechanism according to the procedure laid down in Latvia’s legislation and monitors emis- sion reduction during the time of project implementation. The Latvian partner is Supervisory commitee JI Commission Independent entity the project host and it may be any physical or legal entity. Independent entity carries out verification of the project baseline scenario, Responsible Minister approves the scenario and certifies ERU indicated in the project. Any enter- Responsible Ministry prise may become the Independent entity provided that the enterprise**: JI group 1) is a legal entity; 2) employs a sufficient number of persons having the necessary knowledge to Experts and NGOs perform all function relevant to the verification of JI projects generated ERU; Foreign partner Latvian partner 3) is financially stable; 4) is able to fulfil all the legal and financial liabilities arising from its activities; GHG registry GHG registry LEA 5) has documented internal work procedures; Foreign Latvia * Project based emissions trading means that the state sells a certain part of the assigned amount prior Contract ERU Information/co-operation Reports to the end of the first commitment period and funds received in advance are invested in emissions reduc- tion. This approach allows realisation of GHG emissions reduction projects with a simplified mechanism of implementation. **According to 16/CP.7. 24 25 JI Group together with experts and NGOs review potential projects and Table 1 Action Plan investors and evaluate project applications. JI Commission approves projects Action Deadline Responsible entity awarding them the status of a JI project and decides on signing the contract Development of Regulations on the JI Commission and submission to the December 20, 2002 Responsible ministry between the foreign partner, Latvian partner and the government of Latvia. The Cabinet of Ministers agreement is concluded between the foreign partner, Latvian partner and the Submission of the Ordinance of the Prime Minister on establishment of the December 20, 2002 Responsible ministry JI Commission to the Cabinet of Ministers responsible ministry. The Independent entity caries out verification of the proj- Development and approval of Regulations on the JI Group July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry ect and project certification. During the commitment period, the Latvian GHG Establishment of the JI Group July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry registry transfers certified ERU from the account of the Latvian partner to the Appointing the contact point on JI issues July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry account of the foreign partner in the foreign GHG registry. GHG registry and Preparing guidelines for JI approval, monitoring and verification October 1, 2003 Responsible ministry JI group regularly report to Supervisory committee of the UNFCCC. Translation of guidelines for preparation of annual reports on JI November 1, 2003 Responsible ministry Creation of the web page December 1, 2003 Responsible ministry Preparing guidelines for project based emissions trading May 1, 2004 Responsible ministry January 1, 2003 —

4. Activities, deadlines Supervision of projects Information report to the Cabinet of Ministers on implementation December 31, 2012 July 1, 2004 Responsible ministry of activities laid down in the of JI strategy (2002–2012) as defined and further every third year Responsible ministry and responsible institutions in UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol till July 1, 2012 Estimation of the assigned amounts and creation of the national system of January 1, 2006 Responsible ministry To meet the conformity requirements of JI Track 1 and set up the JI estimation of GHG emissions and removals Creation of GHG registry December 31, 2006 Responsible ministry Management system as presented in Section 3.2., it is necessary to carry out January 1, 2008 — the following consecutive activities: Verification of JI documentation Responsible ministry December 31, 2012 1) to appoint the ministry responsible for the implementation of the flexible mecha- January 1, 2008 — Reports on JI to the UNFCCC Secretariat Responsible ministry December 31, 2012 nisms; January 1, 2008 — Issue of ERU certification, ERU accounting and transfer Responsible ministry 2) to set up the JI Commission; December 31, 2012 3) to establish the JI Group as a unit in the responsible ministry; Information report to the Cabinet of Ministers projects implemented within July 1, 2009 the scope of the JI strategy (2002–2012) as defined in UNFCCC Kyoto and further every year Responsible ministry 4) to appoint the focal point responsible for JI issues; Protocol till July 1, 2012 5) to prepare and approve guidelines for JI approval, monitoring and verification; 6) to create and maintain a web page on flexible mechanisms; 7) to prepare and approve guidelines for project based emissions trading; 8) to estimate the assigned amounts; 5. Financing needed for 9) to create the national system for estimation of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of GHG; implementation of activities 10) to create the national GHG Registry; 11) to accomplish accreditation of Independent entities. The JI Group shall perform tasks that are directly related to projects The Ordinance of the Cabinet of Ministers is the legal instrument to appoint and also tasks that are linked with the participation of Latvia in flexible mecha- the ministry responsible for implementation of flexible mechanisms of the nisms. Costs of doing the first group of tasks will be included in total project costs Protocol and to approve the strategy herein. Action plan for JI strategy imple- and will be borne by the project applicant. Costs of the second group of tasks mentation is presented in Table 1. will require funding from the state basic budget and the state special budget. 26 27 The estimated resources needed for the JI Group to perform the second group of — Latvian or foreign partner. In the contract signed between the responsible tasks in 2003–2006 is approximately 155 thousand LVL, of which 110,3 thou- ministry and project participants, the parties agree that 1% of total project sand LVL should come from the state basic budget and the rest — from the state amount will be directed to the development of JI system. special budget. Estimation of the necessary additional financing from the state The responsible ministry organises the set-up and maintenance of the GHG basic budget and state special budget to set up and maintain the JI group is pre- Registry. It is planned to establish the GHG Registry between 2004 and sented in Table 2. 2006. At the moment, the procedures of work of GHG Registry are not clearly defined yet, costs of formation should be covered from the state special budg- Table 2 JI group costs, LVL et. Financial resources for maintenance of GHG Registry will be needed start- Action Deadline Responsible entity ing with January 1, 2007 and should be provided from the state basic budg- Development of Regulations on the JI Commission and submission to the et. Indicative costs of GHG Registry formation and maintenance will be includ- December 20, 2002 Responsible ministry Cabinet of Ministers ed in the Climate Change Prevention Programme. Submission of the Ordinance of the Prime Minister on establishment of the December 20, 2002 Responsible ministry JI Commission to the Cabinet of Ministers LEA (task is delegated by MEPRD) carries out the mandatory recalculation of Development and approval of Regulations on the JI Group July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry GHG emissions and removals from 1990 till 2000 and the resources Establishment of the JI Group July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry received from the state special budget. These re–estimations will serve also as Appointing the contact point on JI issues July 1, 2003 Responsible ministry the base to calculate the assigned amounts and, therefore, additional funds for Preparing guidelines for JI approval, monitoring and verification October 1, 2003 Responsible ministry the latter will not be needed. LEA, according to the mandate of the responsi- Translation of guidelines for preparation of annual reports on JI November 1, 2003 Responsible ministry ble ministry, shall create and maintain the national system of estimation of Creation of the web page December 1, 2003 Responsible ministry anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks. Costs of creation Preparing guidelines for project based emissions trading May 1, 2004 Responsible ministry and maintenance of the National System are not yet assessed because of January 1, 2003 — Supervision of projects Responsible ministry inadequate financial resources. Indicative costs of establishment and mainte- December 31, 2012 Information report to the Cabinet of Ministers on implementation July 1, 2004 nance of the National System will be included in the Climate Change of activities laid down in the of JI strategy (2002–2012) as defined and further every third year Responsible ministry Mitigation Programme. in UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol till July 1, 2012 Estimation of the assigned amounts and creation of the national system of January 1, 2006 Responsible ministry estimation of GHG emissions and removals Creation of GHG registry December 31, 2006 Responsible ministry Verification of JI documentation January 1, 2008 — December 31, 2012 Responsible ministry 6. Procedure of submission January 1, 2008 — Reports on JI to the UNFCCC Secretariat December 31, 2012 Responsible ministry and evaluation of the report January 1, 2008 — Issue of ERU certification, ERU accounting and transfer Responsible ministry December 31, 2012 The responsible ministry shall submit to the Cabinet of Ministers the Information Information report to the Cabinet of Ministers projects implemented within July 1, 2009 the scope of the JI strategy (2002–2012) as defined in UNFCCC Kyoto and further every year Responsible ministry Report on implementation of activities contained in the JI project implementa- Protocol till July 1, 2012 tion strategy (2002–2012) as defined in the UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol. First report will cover the period till 1 February 2004 and onwards will be submit- Costs that are directly linked with the project, for instance, verification of proj- ted by 1 February every third year. The annual information report on projects ect application, confirmation, certification and writing reports constitute in the implemented in line with the JI project implementation strategy (2002–2012) average 10% of project JI component and are paid by the project applicant as defined in the UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol shall be submitted annually to the Cabinet of Ministers by July 1, 2009 and onwards annually by 1 July. The 28 29 responsible ministry shall draft and submit for approval to the Cabinet of Additionality. According to the Kyoto Protocol Articles on JI and the CDM, Ministers the national communications at least three months before the dead- ERUs will be awarded to project–based activities provided that the projects line for submission of national communications identified by sessions of the achieve reductions that are additional to those that otherwise would occur. conference of the parties to the UNFCCC. Baseline. A projected level of future emissions against which reductions by project activities could be determined, or the emissions that would occur with- out policy intervention.

7. Annexes CO2 equivalent. The amount of the rest GHG emissions is submitted in CO2 equivalents according to the potential of global warming. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects undertaken in developing

Annex 1 Comparison between JI Track 1 and Track 2 countries are intended to meet two objectives: to address the sustainable Criteria Track 1 Track 2 Institutions in Latvia development needs of the host country; and to generate emissions credits that Party to the Kyoto Protocol ✗ ✗ Yes can be used to satisfy commitments of Annex 1 Parties and thus increase flexi- Estimated assigned amount ✗ ✗ No bility in where government Parties meet their reduction commitments. Report on GHG emissions ✗ – Latvian Environment Agency Climate Change. A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly Registry ✗ ✗ No to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and Responsible contact point for flexible ✗ ✗ No which is in addition to natural climate variability over comparable time peri- mechanisms National guidelines for project prepa- ✗ ods. – No ration, approval and monitoring JI phases Flexibility Mechanisms. Procedures that allow Annex 1 Parties to meet their 1. Project development Project initiator Project initiator Project initiator commitments under the Kyoto Protocol based on actions outside their own bor- 2. Approval National institution International institution Independed entity ders. As potentially market–based mechanisms, they have the potential to 3. Registration National institution International institution JI group reduce the economic impact of greenhouse gas emission reduction require- 4. Monitoring Project initiator Project initiator Latvian partner to the project ments. They include JI, the CDM and ET. 5. Verification National institution International institution Independed entity Emissions Reduction Unit (ERU). The ERU represents a specified amount of 6. Certification National institution International institution Independed entity greenhouse gas emissions reductions achieved through a Joint Implementation 7. Emission of ERU, AAU, CER Registry Registry GHG registry project or as the unit of trade in greenhouse gas emissions trading systems. Emissions Trading (ET). A market–based approach to achieving environmental

Annex 2 Definitions objectives that allows those reducing GHG emissions below what is required to use or trade the excess reduction to offset emissions at another source inside Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ). The pilot phase for Joint Implementation (JI), or outside the country. Trading can occur at the domestic, international and that allows for project activity among the developed countries (and their com- inter-company levels. panies) and between the developed and developing countries (and their com- Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere that absorb and panies). reemit infrared radiation. These gases occur through both natural and Assigned Amounts. The total amount of greenhouse gas emissions that each human–influenced processes. The major GHG is water vapour. Other GHGs developed country has agreed that its emissions will not exceed in the first include carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, ozone and chorofluorocar- commitment period (2008–2012). bons. 30 31 Joint Implementation (JI). Jointly implemented projects that limit or reduce emis- sions or enhance sinks are permitted among developed countries under Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol, JI activity is also permitted in Article 4.2 (a) of the UNFCCC, between all Parties. As defined in the Kyoto Protocol, JI would allow the developed countries, or companies from those countries, to cooper- ate on projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and share the emissions reduction units (ERUs). As JI occurs between Annex B countries (who have emis- sions caps), no new emissions units are generated (unlike the case with proj- ects under CDM). JI can be viewed as an investment for ERUs swap. Kyoto Protocol drafted during the Berlin Mandate process, that, on entry into force, would require countries listed in its Annex B (developed nations) to meet differentiated reduction targets for their greenhouse gas emissions relative to 1990 levels by 2008–2012. National system includes all institutional, legal and procedural arrangements made within a Party included in Annex I for estimating anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and for reporting and archiving inventory information. Supervisory committee shall supervise the verification of ERUs generated by Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol project activities. UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an agreement adopted by 185 countries to establish GHG emissions by 2000 to the level of GHG emissions in 1990. UNFCCC has two Annexes: “Annex I Countries with engagement to stabilise emissions”; “Annex II Countries which determine financing for emission reduction activities”. 32