National Strategy for the Wastewater Sector 2012

LEBANESE REPUBUC MINISTRY OF ENERGY ANDWATER NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE WAST'EWATER SECTOR Ministry of Energy and Water Lebanese Goven1ment (Resolution No. 35, Date 'l 7 / 10/ 2012) Table of Contents •. Current sitllatton of the wastewater sector Ma:in causes of the cur:rent situation Sector objectives and targets Strategk initiatives ·l: An integrated and prioritized investment program l.1 An integrated and priorit ized immediate inves tment program 12 Regional wastewater master plan 1.3 Integrated nat ional investment program 2013-2020 1.4 Economic reuse of t reated wastewater and sludge • 2: Le9al, regulatory and policy measures 2.1 Legal and regulatory framework 2.2 Clarifying institutional responsibilities 2.3 National wastewater t reat ment and reuse standards and options • 3: Institutional measures to define responsibilities and to create capacityfor service delivery 3.1 Asset evafuation 3.2 Asset transfer 3.3 Capacity building forWEs 3.4 Capacity building for MoEW ': 4:Hnandal measures for viability and affordable services 4.1 Cost recovery 4.2 Transit ional subsidies 5: Measures to optimiz.e private sector participation in the wastewater sector 5.1 Study of options for private sector participation 5.2 Test of models for PSP 5.3 Strengthening WE capacity to prepare and oversee contracts !nvestment Program • -Total Investment Requirements • AnnexA Background: Lebanon1s water sector and strategy Leb,mon is e;q:i<?riem:rng aitirnl pmb!ernsinaH p~rts ofits w.iter sector. lriwater resources, the country isa!readyus· three quarters ofits-availabiewater resources and demand is rising fast. Dry season shortages are emerging and w qual!ty is deteriorating. Institutional capacity for water resources management is weak. Despite insritutiMaJ ref and high levels of investment, public network service delivery standards in water supply are poor, and househ spend three times more sourcing water from private suppliers than from the utHities. Water Establishments tack t autonomy, technical capacfty and financial resources to improve service standards. Despite massive investment, v little wastewater is bei:ng treated, causing severe environmental damage. The investment progr<lm has been p coordinated, and reforms to transfer institutional and financial responsibility for wastewater management to the have been only very partially implemented. The irrigation sector has comparative advantage for hi gh value prod in domestic and regional markets,but institutional reforms need to be completed, and investment is required in infrast ructure and product and market development. The- outlook is poor w1less strate9ic actitms ar!;; taken. Overall, the water sector i~ delivering poor services at a high fiscal and household cost. Water sector inefficiencies (particufarly low collection of tariffs and high water losses) and environmental damage are costing the economy the equivalent of almost 3% of GDP annually, Looking ahead; on present trends, despite its relatively good endowment of water resources, Lebanon wm face chronic year-round water shortages by 2020 unless actions are taken to complete reforms in the water sector. The ii/Hnh;try of Energy .,nd Water develpoe,;J i., water sector strategy thot aims ;;n impmvinq notilbie w,tter wastewetl.?r and infgatkm E;ervice~ wit hin an integrated v,,ater tesource mani:'iswment himework. FoHowing practice in integrated water resources management the proposed Strategy for the Wastewater Sector is de to fit \',-'ithrn Lebanon's overall water sector .strategy. However, wastewarer challenges in terms of infrastr . . .... Jnstituti:0AaLset0up,finarKing-:andcost-recovery arespedfic-totheseeior, and an integrated-a-ppmadr is-re.<quire'd the chain from wastewater generation through to ultimate reuse or disposaL Therefore, a freestanding waste strategy is required, ,~nt situation of the wastewater sector !lbanon !s generating large .and grrmiing qwmtitie.s of domestic arid im:iumial wastewBtf'r whic.h needs ~tmem. At present, Lebanon produces about 31 O milllon cubic meters of wastewater annually, of which S~cmillion cubic meters is municip al/domestic wastewater, and about 60 million cubic meters industrial ~stewater. al policy is to collect and treat all wastewater, in order to pr0vcmt pollution of the environment The . ,,.,Mr master plan O 982, updated in 1994) provided for rnverage of major urban and rural populations, \ using sizes of plant and technologies appropriate to the scale and nature of sett lements:. A total of 54 I !nteg:rated systems (1 2 coastal and 42 inlands) were recomrriended, including collection. t reatment and t~isposal. [Lebanon has made huge investments in wa;tev-~ater facilities ove-r the last two decades, lnvestments in the ' sec.torsin~e3rfy l990sexceed $1.4b illion and include: , Coundi of DeveloprrH,mt and R-ewnstructio11 {CDR) through !oims. and loccl funding: $1265 million: (l) completed projects {mainly rehabilitation of networks}: 255, (ii) on-going projects and projects under preparation: 910 investments, and [iii) 100 for maintenance, studies, supervision, etc. • Ministry of Ence-,gy and \Nater ffv'ioEW): $60 million spent on networks (1996- 2009) • Mi:if!;tr1 Ot Housing: $30 million spent on networks up to 1994 , Municip;Jlitk~s; unknown value of works • Grants from lmt!matkmaJ agencies: • ; USAID: around $ 25 million (1996 - 201 O) • Italians, EU, and others: unknown Along th~coast, rm.Kh of the planne-d large scale capacity has been constructed, but little af It is operation,iL Ofihe twelve targe treatment plants planned on the coast to service 65% of the population, seven are tori1pleted (Tripoli, Chekka, Batroun, Jbei!, Ghadir, Nabi Younes and Saida}, one is under construction (Sour), three are underpreparatiol) (Aabde, Kesrwane, and Bourj Hammoud), and on.e require funding (Sarafand). :However, todat~onlytwoplants (Ghadir and Saida) are operational based on preliminary treatment.only and five-c;ompleted plants lackc.ollection networks (Tripoli, Chekka, Batroun, Jbeil, and Nabi Younes). 1nlond, ORly two rnedium-'Sized coflectfon and treatment scht'!mes are operating~ and well below c.a-pac1ty. fthe 42 m edium sized collection and t reatment schemes pfanned, 23 are funded. However, only two are •• •• rating; and way below design capacity (Baalbek 10%, and Yamouneh 50%), Two pl.tnts (Nabatlye ahd \lestBeqaa}are compfeted but not operatit19. Five (Kfarsir, Yahmour,. Zawtar, Tibnine and Zahle) are under onitruction and 14 p lants are under design. A further investment of $25S milllon is requiled t o bring all 23 • ••• •. into op~raticn. The remaining 19 s.chemes are .not funded at all and would require $325 million. In . tion, around 60 smal.l treatment plants have been constructed inland by municipalities through donor J !Jrioing without coordination with MoEW or CDR Today, only a few of these plants are operational, and } cinsiderable further investmentwould be needed for thern to operate adequately and to cover all rural areas. . . • 11 resuti of the:.e-inv('s,tments; a-bounwo thirds of tfle population are cor.nected to. wastewa.te:· co~eetion rks but oniy 8% of wastewater tei:.ches the four operational ptants {Saidcl, Ghadir, Baalbeck and \::Yamm~1r,e!,j.,ridi!>treated Wastewater t oUection networks have been conceived and executed piecemeal, ; leading to a major mismatch between collection and treatment capacity. , : (0115iderabie installed treatment capacity is lying Idle. Seven major plants (Tdpoli. Chekka, Batroun, Jbeil, .,-· Nabi Younes, West Beqaa and Nabatiye) are not working at all because oflack of networks. i. "The envircmrmmtal cci)t:; of thi~ situation are severe. Most wastevvater collected is discharged raw, without < t reatment, into watercourses and the sea. Where there is no network, cess.pits are used, with considerable ' • seepage into groundwater. Few industries pre-t reat their effluent, so that harmful waste is discharged into the collection system or the environment. The negative environmerita! impacts of poor wastewatercollection ~nd treatment contribute to health costs, t o pollution of water resources and soil, to loss of amenity and • •. tourism income. Main causes of the current situation Thei1westment program Is not ·well coordi:,ated; Wastewater collection, treatment and disposal/reuse investmen are not implemented as an integrated package .. The wastewat-er master plan is out of date and needs to be revis to reflect actual implementation, and changes in population and rates of wastewater generation. Investments ha often been selected from donor/ political and regional preferences rath er thanrational planning. Implementation slow, with very low disbursement rates. Most projects take at least ten years from inception to completion. The legal, regulatory and policy frameworks have no t established and.enforced appropriate Standards. Rei.ponsibihti for setting and regulating standards are split between Ministry of Environment .and MoEW. There is no policy pre-treatment of industrial wastewater, and no guidelines on the !.election ofthe most cost-effective wastewatei treatment techniques. There are no policies for systematic reuse of treated wastewater; lr:sdtutional responsibilities are unclear. Responsibility for planning and implemenr.ing projects is lost between C· MoEW, Water Establishments (WEs) and municipalities, whereas it should be under the leadership of the MoEW. There is no work<1ble operational modi;'! fur service delivery. Although WEs have legal responsibility for operation the wastewater collection and treatment system, they have no operational framework, no experience and no capa ; to do this. The advantages of partnerships with the private sector have not been explored adequately, ··dorobjectives-and targets ' 'Theobjectives ofthewastewatersector are to collect and treataU wastewateraccording to national standards < and regional agreements and; where economic, to reuse treated wastewater for agriculture, industrial, and '· amenity in line w ith national health and safety standards. Cost recovery will be based on the 'polluter pays; prfnclple . .< Tomeet these objectives, sector targets and initfatives were . developed for the short-medium term (2011 - 201 5) and • •. • . the long term (2016 - 2020), and to serve the projected populatfon up to 2025- 2030 . . . . The sector targets 2011 °2020 are: • Increase the presert wa:;tewater collection (60%) and treatment (8%) to SQ% collection and treatment by 2015, and 95% collection and treatment by 2020. • Pre-treatment of all industrial wastewater by 2020. • Increase reuse of treated effiuentfrom zero percent .-,c:::::"'."c":;v;"':""- ,,..-,~-..,,=,:-,'"-:cc in 2010 to 20% of treated wa.stewater by2015, and of 50% by2020. • Secondary treatment and reuse of all inland wastewater by 2020, and secondary treatment by 2020 of coastal wastewater where reuse is economicaHy justified. • Full recovery ofall O&M costs by 2020 following the 'polluter pays' principle and full recovery for BOT projects. 'In. order to reach these objectives, the strategy provides for. • five Strategic initiatives: • An integrated and prioritized lnvl::'.s.tmerit pmgram to rapidly increase wastewater collection, treatment and reuse rates. •Legal.regulatory and po1kymeasures to set and regulate standards. • Institutional measures to define responsibilities and to create capacity for service delivery. • flnancia! rneasur~s for viability and affordable services. • Measures to optimize privam $ecto( participation in the wastewater sector. Strategic initiatives Strategic initiative # 1: An integrated and prioritized investment program for wastewater collection, treatment and reuse The strategy targets increases in wastewater collection, treatment and re-·use rates, To reach thesetargets; MoEW • , take the lead in working with CDR, WEs, the munidpalities and the private sector to prepare and obtain financing an integrated investment program. Top priority will be completing exist1ng treatment plants and rapidly increasL the effective connection network to bring treatment rates to the level of installed treatment capacity. U An integrated and prioritized immediate investmentpwgtamwill aimatrapid increases.in wastewater collection and treatment r,1tes to30% by end of 2012 throughcomp!eting the networks of the seven comp[eted treatment plants, and 80% by end 2015 through efficient planning and implementation of investments. !n order to move rapidly on sector targets, MoEW wiH work with CDR, WEs, the munidpalities and the priv sector to implement an integrated and prioritized immediate investment program. Priorit ies for the investme progra-m wm be: a. Implementing the funded networks nf the seven completed treatment plants (Tripoli, Chekka, Batroun, J Nabi Younes, West Beqaa and Nabatiye) so as to put them in operation by end of 2012 alongside the two coast plants already operational (Saida and Ghadirl. b, Cornpleting projects for which funding is already available (23 inland schemes and all coastal schemes except Sarafand). c Rapid programming and execution of investments needed to complete existing schemes through cornpletl the collection networks of already constructed or under construction schemes where addi'tiona! fLmds are nee (23 infand schemes and alt coastal schemes except Sarafand). I::~~.B.;giohal wastewater master.pJ~.!2.~: each WE, with MoEW support, will work with the rnuniCipalities to prepare a regional wastewater master plan. Planning wl!I be for lntegrat systems (not just components) comprisingcollecti and convii!yance networks, treatment and reuse. 1.3 lntegrated medium to !01;g term national investment program 2 Q] .. ~:2{) ~~:­ a. Based on the masterplOns, MoE.W (in coordination with CDRand the municipallties) will develop an integrat national investment program 2013"2020, which sha!l include the 19 unfunded inland schemes, the requi schemes for the inland areas that are not covered by the already identified 42 schernes and Sarafand was scheme. MoEW, CDR and the munidpal!tles will be · responsible for mobilizing investment frorn fmand, institutions and the private sector. b. MoF.W wll[ hold responsibilityforbudget executkin and project implementation. CDR wm continue executlor projects for which resources are already mobilized. Staff and capacity for procurement and contract managemf:. wilf be recruited and capacity built. 1.4 Econ~-~~':. reuse of treated wast~!.'! ~1.~.~-~~~ s l,l~.f.! ~: The strategy targets increases in reuse of treated effluent from zero percent in 2010 to 20% of treated wastewater b 2015, and of 50% by 2020. Preliminary estimates indicate that at least 20 and 1 SO rnilllon cubkmefots per year c be reused for irrigation purposes by 2015 and 2020, respect ively. a, Specific studies of existing plants and of plants under implementation wil l be undertaken to assess techn and economicai reuse potential for each plant The studies will evaluate infrastructure requirements and pro the appropriate investments and institutional arrangements. b. Implementation of required infrastructure for re-use of treated wastewater (storage capacit ies, ptimpi stations, networks, etc.) wHI be undertaken. • water Strategy: Action plan and budget (US$ millions) Strategic initiative # H An tegratecf and prioritized investment program for wastewater collection, treatment and 1.1 • An integrated and. prioritized immediate investment (a) Fundep networks for the seven , completed wastewater plants and • ' tM two operational plants • alorig the coast ! (b) Completion of already ! funded projects f tc)Addit1onal networksfor i tcmplt1tion of aJrnady t funded projects C23 inland r and n coastal plants) 190 2 490 5 880 s f i : ,-----------·---····--······--•·-··-·····-·- . t· . ~ ' ----+-------+---- --- -----< J I i f \ J.3l~t~~;~;-;d·n~ti·~~-;-i ·-· -......,.\ M o E.;v"with • • Gol,donors, • • • j investment program 2013 . 2020 ! CDR, private sector · • municipalities andthe (a) Preparatiorrnnd initiating private sector 200* 3 5 implementation {b} MoEW responsibility for budget 20 5 execution and project implementation, with staff recruftment and capacity building 1.4 Economic reuse oftreated Wfa,MoEW Gol, donors, wastewater and sk1dge: and Ministry of munidpalrtles (a) studies; Agriculture, (b) investment withCDR 3(a) 2 (*) The 200 million USO represent around 20 of the inte.grated investment program 2013 2015. The remaining 80% will be implemented 2016 2020. Strategic init iative# 2: Legal, regulatory and polky measures In order to set and regulate national standards for wastewater treatment and reuse, MoEW will work wi. other concerned agencies to put in place the needed legal, regulatory and policy measures. ?-l Legal and regulatory framework: by~laws will be issued; specifying: {il responsibilities for setting and regulating .standards for wastewater treatment. and reu.se; (ii) the implementation of the 'polluter pays: . principle: responsibility forpre-treatmerit by pal.luting industries; and (iv) responsibilities for monitoring and enforceme, 2.2 Institutional responsibilities: by•laws to Laws 221 and 241 will be issued specifying the roles of the WEs, MoEW, • CDR, the mlrn1crpalit ies and the private sector with respect to planning, investment programming implementation. • • • 23 National wastewater treatment .and !'€use standards and options: • National g~1idelines and criteria for wastewater treatmentand reuse Will be reviewed and issu.ed jointly by an • inter~miriisterral.committee, • • Guidelines for small scale plants employing sir:nple techniques will be developed by MoEW. Wastewater Strategy: Action plan anci budget (US$ millions) Strategic initiative #2: tegal,.regulatory and policy measures 2.1 Code de l'eau passed into law and by - laws rel;,ited to wastewater issued • 2.2 By- laws to La;.vs 221 and 241 prepared and issued 2.3 Natiohal wastewater treatment and reuse standards and options: (a) National guidelines reviewed and reissued {b) Guidlines for small seal treatmerit plants · • ••• • • • MoEW with Gol concerned mini 1tries MoEWwith Gol Ministry of Environment, Ministiyof Agrrculture, and Ministry of Health 1. 0 3 2 rategi~ initiative # 3: rnstitutional measures to define responsibilities and to create • city forservke delivery swill progressively take over responsibiHty for service delivery. WE capacity wm be eloped, and the private sector will be used where appropriate. On a case by case :asis, WEs may agree with municipalities that the mUnicipalities operate facilities by delegation. MoEW will build its capacity for sector oversight and support . . 3:1 Asset evaluation: WEs wfll have ownership of alkoUection and treatment assets, and willhave responsibility forth~lrO&M. The process of transfer will begin with a comprehensive asset evaluation. As;e~ transfer and r arin 2) aris:. Existing assets and responsibility for O&M will be transferred to the •• \f\/Epmgressive!y. re it is more efficient for rmmidpatitie.sto continue to operate assets, WEswill pass contracts for delegated maniigement to municipalities. : . • iJ3Capadty building forWfr ro build capacity for wastewater management, operation and maintenance, .:- •eachWEwiUcondt:icta capacity needs assessment ~md propose a phased staffing and training.program. .... .. ]:4 (a~dtyb.!,lildi~gfor MoEW; To strengthen capacity for oversight and support of the wastewater sector, •.••• MoEW wllf defme the capacity required, and will develop this capacity. It is expected that a core team • of3-5 experts may be required for strategy, investment programming, standards and regulation, and monitoring and reporting. •• jastewater Strategy: Action plan and budget (US$ miUio.ns} Strat~gic initiative # 3~ Institutional measures to define responsibilities and to create capacityfor service delivery ]jjJ•.·•';-,,set·evaluation rl >f.· .ii",----''---- --- - · - · ... i 3'2 Asset.transfer and :•i q~eiating plans •• •• ••.·· ... r·.·•·· .•. 3.·-•··.· .•. 3.··•·.·.Cap·•· ac. lty. •·. bui. Id .. ing. fo .. r WEs.: : ·ta}needs assessment; .. • {b) capacity building; . .•• . Jc}extra staff recruitment. ' ~-·-.• - - ·•··. !JA Capacity bulkling for MoEW MoEW with WEs I Gal, ' ' do municipalities, 1 • nors arid the private sector Jf✓Es with MoEW W£sand municipalities withMoEW I I /\4o£w 4 4 5 Strategic initiative# 4: Financial measures for viability and affordable servfces Following the 'polluter pays! principle, full recovery of O&M costs will be introduced progressively to gener revenues and the conditions offinancial viability, and transparent operating subsidies will be paid during, transition period until WEs can cover their costs. 4.1 Cost recovery: Following the 'poll:uter pays' priridple, measures wi!lbe introduced progres.sively to recover from. users the fuffcost.s of O&M ofwastewater services. As volumetric billing for water supply is introduced, wastew • •• charges will be billed on a volumetric basistogether with water charges. Municipalities will continue to han operation until.assets and O&M responsibilities are handed over, after which WEs w ill collect the fees thro water biHs. Fees will be. increased progresslve.ly to reach 100% cost recovery by 2020, 4.2 Transitional subsidy: During the t ransition period and until adequate levels of cost recovery can be achieved, and governmentwill agree on principles of subsidy to coverWEs deficits on O&M of wastewater services, and annualsl.ibsidy will be negotiated according to dear criteria. Wa>tewater Strategy: Action plan and budget (USS millions} Stra.te:gk initiative # 4: Financial measures for viability and affordable services 1 3. l Asset evaluation ~ GoL, donors 5 4 ' MoEWwith WEs, [ ~n:~1:~i:°lities, i ! ' . .. ,,....' , .. • .pnvaresectot j 3.2 Asset transfer and operating WEs With Go-t-,--.....j..-~ 4 1 4 1 plans MaEW donors f Totatlnitiative # 3 , 28 ! i ' Strategic initiative# S: Measures to optimize private sector partidpationinthe wastewater ,tor. f~~ advantages of partnerships with the private sector wilt be explored and private ~ntetprises will be ·increasingly involved through partnership approaches, including ;thfr~nancing and implementation of investments, and the condusion of management /iontrad.s and .possible BoT arrangements. :s,t Study of opt i.9 !}~ for private sector partlcipat~2,0: 0ptions for involvingprivate sector participation in the > fin;111cing; execution and operation of investments will be considered, including BOT. Municlpa!it\es and/ ··.·•· • .orWEs may contract works, particularly inland treatmentplants; on a BOT basis, with the assets t ransferred • tothe WEsatthe term.of the arrangement. 'S;iTe~ models for private sector participation: One or more pilot projects will be launched for ptivate sector • participation. Likely models are BOT contracts for inland treatment plants, and O&M contracts for tieat"'~nt pl,lnts. MoEW will a!ICJcate seed money for the preparation and negotiation of these pilot contracts. :.··: ... :5.ist~engthening WEs capacity to prepare and oversee Cc; > ntracts. Where contracting with the private sector ,>, ts empl~yed; WE capacity to prepare contracts and oversee their executkmwill be strengthened. :; · . ·····. •,. ·· · .. , \'1¥tewater Strategy: Action plan and budget (US$ millions) ~trat~gic initiative# 5: Measures to-optimize private sector participation in the wastewater ettor .••··.· . . te se.ctor participation . est models for ·ate. sector participation Strengthenlng WE city to prepare and MoEWand WEs, with CDR WBwith MoEW Got,. Gol , donors 4 4 2 5 2 5 Investment Program 1. Coastalwastewater systems ('f) 191.0 already disbursed. Motelor IMJgetpumoses, ifh asswm:.d ihat:(O oil 1chemes that Qtecurri'ntJyportlyfvmied wi/tb,:iw,ded and ,omptered @d will become operatfrmal by2015· (2Jafl scheme,· that are m rrcmtlyunfur!ded will beimplernented ),013 -2020. (3) lti, esti11ia!ed that remaining areas .10! covered by the iefe,rW(!edcrc/l&mes would requireor01md 500 million US$ ,md wi(J ti,• imp/emented )OiJ • 2020., /4) Outx>f/he ovailabie 260.6/million USS /i,r1ds, 39.0 mili/on USS ore alrMdydisbur,ed. )Investment Requirements itiative # 1.: An integrated ed investment program for 692 1,123 1,815 r collection, treatment and . , gic initiative # 2: Legal, regulatory I y measures to set and regulate 5 5 ""••~-•·••H•, ;,-,~ liative # 3: Institutional define responsibilities and 11 "17 28 pacity for service delivery tiative # 4: Financial rviabiHty and affordable 8 30 38 initiative # 5: Measures to • prlvate sector participatfon in 3 6 9 ewater sector n ofthe integrated national investment {19 unfunded inland schemes, the schemes of • areas not covered by the already identified 42 835 schemes, ·and Saraf and wastewate( Schl!: m~e , · ·----+-----------­ ing preliminary treatment plants (Bourj Hammoud, and Saida) to secondary treatment, and extension treatment plant 278 100 250 250 SOO 200 350 550 ..... ., .,.,...,,...... 500 n The 650 mHtion USD will be obtained from the mobile revenues of the r.emtinvestment prog,ram for wastewater infrastructure N ·~ .u., u;.1 6 1.1.J.., 4~.l-..="' '"~· 1 ~ . ..,../~l i i.-~ :,J,....c, J..:b,J 11 ~~ ! --4.J ,i ;.3 'li,uJ :r.1 ... ~ --~--:: .;~ ,.y:~,::,.} ' ... ~,?-"'- ~' );.,,:,.~~.... .:, ·'i~ ill~IJ 4-~ ;,1 .,:,.,;ll:} ~~ ..,.~: .,;),,.r.Y. .:.i: .. $ .. 44 :OJ"-)- . • Status of the 54 Planned Treatment a P'tants Completed but not operational (7) I Under design] (17) Under ,.construction (6) . Operational (4) ~ Require Funding {20) Additional Funds Required for the 54 Planned Schemes D Additional funds for treatment plants ~ Additional funds far networks a Totai additional funds 601 55S i.il .;!,.,i . ail Beirut & Mount Lebanon North South 1693 Beqaa Total t~;A.1: Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plants Table: A.1 ~ Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plants ~ ,?m:,'%;,;fe\,\,,st:~ :-~:,?{\:o:f~\I::}1\s;:!oHti;~,,1,f,CC:'j),''?''1:"';"~·"··.;.;· ."'\'"'\ ""i'", "--~-"-'--'-'"'""'--'c=•' ... f. Vi~''.3~. ,~}~i~,'~•·: >-'-\ "if"".'!f/J,'" ... "'i '-:,, ,~~}~g .:!~) ,,~"'"·t,~"'""·'" .. ' .. " ... c .. ''-t '',~-~'~'i=,a;J Ur!9t'r·~tudy MftjOt· pi--()~ir;-m:,.del?,y.fr'9 ttnpjemc.~titatiQ.1 OpPl'a tiona! U-NiHIY.iflt r,,J; mtt, <>o ly prr -tti•dtJ)!M \ • F<Jl\di09 R<,quir.-c 'Compl;•<!!!l bmnon,p.,,. , ;c,,,,i .A.2: Funded Inland Treatment Plants Requiring Additional :Funds 40.000 .13,000 9.30 S.00 J0(),000 X B.80 8.90 ! 1.S.80 SOO =-.-----~-----:1:::007 ,-=-oo=-=.o=--+-----.-~-x,-.-·--•- ·-·- -· 14.oo ·s.ao .;1.so so no 3600 ,-,-,---------+--,2:-:5,-,,0,-,0::-rl-t------- '--------t-- X -+--S-]-.0-~-3-.7 $ -+---9.-10-. ~--12-~S ! .. .'.7-,65 2{;0,000 0 5 4250 70.,0 53.65 ~-------~•••- •----~~~'°'"'"' ,, .. , ... -~>+->-'••• ,v.••-- •-•••-•-"' > --••-•--------- ·v r · + ····V ·•·•v •·• .. •• •• ••• .... ••- ----•••••• 6.000 X 2,60 1.q.5 2.55 • :,.6() !.00 l,------+-------lf------4"~ --~~------ - ----··--· ; - - ----1 l---x 1 -~5 :~~l ; .: 2,:.c!.?. 10.SO 52.SO !7.10 100,000 X 37.00- 35.00 300,000 +-----l-----+----f- ---·····1-----! 36:25 30.<'.0 66.00 %.00 S9.7S 47,000 100,000 X l( X , ., ~------- ...... "4.56 7.00 17.00 iil .O<) 19.44 , ., .... ,,,.., ., .. M••-••-•••----••••• 8.90 10.00 36,00 46.00 37.10 Table A.3: Inland Treatment Plants Requiring Complete funding Al Bira and Manjaz 52,500 0,00 5.50 20.00 25.50 BeitMellat and Akkar 75,000 0.00 7.50 27.23 34.73 El·Aatika .Hasroun 4,800 0.00 0.96 1.74 2.70 Kferhelda 50,000 0.00 4.50 5.50 10.00 Tannourine 10,200 0.00 2.00 3.70 5.70 Qobayet 38,000 0.00 5.70 13.80 19.50 6 treatment plants in 210,500 0.00 26.16 71.97 98.13 North Aakoura 16,250 0.00 3.25 5.90 9.15 Deir EJ Kamat 42,000 0 .00 6.30 15.25 21.55 -········· Jisr EI Kadi 40,000 o.oo 6.00 15.00 21.00 Khlnshara 20,000 0.00 3.00 7.26 10.2.6 Sawfar 1 35,000 0.00 5.25. 14.70 17.95 153,250 0.00 23 . .80 56.11 79.91 0.00 3.80 Jezzilie ' 30,000 0.00 4.50 11.00 J l S.50 Hassbaya , 26,500 0.00 4.00 9.62 ! 13.62 N.abaa El Tasseh.- 54,000 0.00 8.10 19.60 27.70 Nabatieh Marjeyoun 30,000 0.00 7.00 10;90 17.90 176,000 0.00 29A5 64.02 9.3.47 Hermel 96,00Q . 0.00 9.60 2LOO 30.60 Rachaya 22,000 0.00 8.00 12.40 20.40 2 treatment plants in 118,000 0.00 17.60 33.40 51.00 Beqaa AA; Inland Treatment Plants Funded by USAfD 1-Jc-,-z-in e --+--6-00-· - +-----1--• !~6: +~i-~~-~-. ~-..i Jezzine 1500 150 2005 "· 119,000---·-· . Jezzine 2800 2.50 2006 183,000 ~-,-·-·· ····-·--·-·--•-····-··-····-···-+-----+------··+------+----- +---------1 Jezzine 1500 150 2005 78,000 ·------+-J e z.z in e '---+-- ... ::3 o o Y5 ...... . t 2002 ss,ooo Jezzine • 4500 820 2002 NA c-::::--····-·,.·-------r-N-ab-. a-ti·-e:-h----1--1000 150 = .. =R 20-02 -95-:,-0◊-0---1 i [{farkila-· \ Hasbaya 3500 525 2002 93,000 • • • ~ ·--+---- - ---9-00-··· 2002- +--···· l ~::::-:~/Ain.oenv~ • ·----~:=~~·-···. ---·· :-:-0°0 0 0-. ------- ~~~:~: 2100 2002 7500 NA 1125 2002 Hasbaya Hasbaya sb,-,....---,---.• . ·· ··· •- -·· ·•.-·• --··--····· . Hasbaya ~----··--·····'"···---! Hasbaya ········ i Hasbaya ! MarJeyoun' f Marjeyoun olive press 8 6000 600 + 17 S 2500 Olive press 26 375 8 --~ 600 90 3000 450 4000 600 1300 200 1300 200 1200 120 GOO 40 I Akka! -- +--1 ,l s z N A · I Akkar ! Atika ! Akkar ,:-.. 1,000 100 +-I A i.i ka -+- 1~,o oq 100 i Akkar .,, .. M. ,.,,.,., ,~ 2002 2002 2001 l 2002 NA 2002 2002 2002 .2002 ··-·----··· ··· ··, · 2002 2000 2002 2000 2002 NA 90,000 45,000 49,000 NA 14,000 180,000 208.000 NA NA 133,000 =..,.!-'---------+-I A tik-'-'a.;. · - ---Jf--- s s o .. ·- , 6D . .,.. 2 0 0 0 . ----s o,ooQ. ---· I Qou~ayat 9,000 1350 2001 299,000 ..; '---+---'---- ""---'----I----+--~ -'-~---, 2 Bekaa 160 3 Rachaya Bekaa 6,000 600 240,000 4 El Housh Bekaa 1,000 . 100 2005 126,000 5, Aitanit Bekaa 35,700 5000 2009 6,000,000 (Aitanit,. Baaloula, Machghara & Qarounj 6 For-zol Bekaa 7,500 1000 2009 4,000,000 7 Ablah Bekaa 15,000 2000 2012 4,000,000 8 Jabbouleh Bekaa 1,000 80 2001 39,900 9 Deir El Ahmar Bekaa 3,000 300 2002 93,000 10 Chouaia Rachaya 700 50 2007 117,000 11 Al Fardis Ra.chaya 1,200 120 2007 414,500 .12 Hebbaria Rachaya 9,200 920 2007 350;000 13 .KfarHamam Rachaya 1,700 115 2007 128,000 14 El Mari Rachaya 1,300 220 2007 131,000 15 Kawkaba Rachay.a 2,000 135 2007 225,000 16 Vanta 1 & 2 Rachaya 3,000 300 2002 160,000 17 Mimes 1 & 2. Rachaya 3,000 120 2002 160,000 18 Ain Harcha Rachava· 1,200 120 2002 145,000 l Ammatout Chouf 6000 900 2007 876,000 2 Maas,er El Chouf, Chouf 3000 450 2007 518,000 Ammatour,Ain Qani, Baadaran, Hsiret Janda! 3 Bater Chquf 6000 900 2007 1,228,000 4 Moukhtara Chouf 3000 450 2007 530,000 s Mrosti Chouf 1500 225 2007 267,000 6 Khraibeh Chouf 3000 450 2007 880,000 7 Jbaa Chouf 2000 300 2007 241,000 8 Harninana Baabda 7000 1050 2000 166,000 9 Kprnayel Baahda 6000 900 2002 183,000 • I