National Policy on Green Growth

1. Introduction............................... ...... ..................... ......................................... 1

2. Vision.................... ............................................... ........... .............. ....... ....... 1

3. Goal and Objectives....................... ........ ....... ................ ............................... 1 3. 1. Goal.... ...... .......... ........... .................. ................................. ..... ....... 1 3. 2 . Objectives................ .......... ............ .. ..................... .. .............. ............. 2

4. Strategy...... ................. ..................... .............................. .............. ........... .... 2 4.1. International and National Collaboration and Coordination ...... ............. 2 4.2. Study,Research and Data Analysis ................. .... ...................... ..... ....... 2 4.3. Harmonization of Green Growth in the Economy,Society, and Culture 3 4.4. Human Resources Deve1lopment.. ......................................................... 3 4.5. Sustainable Green Technology Development............................ ........ 4

5. Action Plan... ................................................ ... ........... ................................ 4 5.1 . Creating Mechanism . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .... .. .... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ... .. . .. . .. .. . . .. .... . 4 5.2. Creating a Legal Framework.... ......... .... ... ............... .. . .. .... ................. 4 5.3. Financial Support. ............ .... ... .. ... ... .... ... ...... ........ .... ........ ....... .. .. 4 5.4. Hu man Resources Development. ... .... .. ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ... ... .. ... ... . .. .. 5 5.5. lmplementation.. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..... .. ... ... . .... .. ... . .. . .. . . 5

6 . Monitoring and Evaluation..................................... ......... .................. .......... 5

7. Conclusion................ ..... .......................... ................ ................... ................. 5 Glossary .. .......... ........ ........ ..... .. .. .. .. ... ..... .......... .. ... .. ... ... .... .. .... ... ... .... .. . .. ....... 6

1.Introduction The Kingdom of Cambodia bas a legal framework prepared for green growfu implementation, including a national green growth roadmap, Memorandum ofUnerstandiog for the cooperation on green green growtb with the Republic of Korea's Global Green Growth Institute, Royal Decree on the Preparation and Functioning of the National Council on Green Growtb and Sub-decree on the Preparation and Functioning of General Secretariat of National Council on Green Growth (NCGG) and the Law on Allowiog the Kingdom of Camboctia a Membership to an Agreement on the Establishment on the Global Green Growtb lnstitute (GGGI). Green Growth is stimulating comprehensive integration of the Kingdom of Cambodia into a regional framework and the world that helps contribute maintaining political and macro- economic stability, especially the economic sector, environment, society, and culture progressing simultaneously towards hannonization, sustainability and balance, as well as enhancernent of green economic growth, which maintains low carbon emission moving towards a society developed based on low carbon emission serving as a greenhouse reduction measure, climate change adaptation and poverty reduction in line with the RGC's goal to reduce poverty by one percent per year. More than that, the policy ai.ms at contributing to environment protection, natural resources management, biodiversity and forest conservation, and maintaining quality of soil, water, soil, and air and efficient ecosystem safety, and following the direction of the United Nations on" The Future We Waot'' that the RGC bas beeo imp1ementing it today in the areas of fishery and forestry sector, economical use of energy and water, renewable energy usage, efficiency of natural tesources for the support of people's livelihood and tbe implementation of New Action Old Policy on Land in order to keep natural resources for the next generations while at the same lime keeping up with national economic development. Green growth is to strike balance between economic development and environment, society, and culture to reach sustainable development goals. In order to attract financing assistance flows, green technology, and foreign investors, the RGC issues the National Policy on Green Growth with vision, objective, and goaJ and action plan as follows:

2. Vision The national policy is invisaged to strike balance of economic development with enviroilernent, society, cultue, and sustainable use of national resources through integration, matchiog and adaption, as well as hannonization between a green growth principle and national policy.

3.Goal and Objectives 3.1.Goal The policy aims at enhancing the well-being and livelibood of ail people in harmonization with ecological safety through green development growth, basing on green economy, blue economy, environment protection, social safety nets system and uphold of national cultural identity. 3.2.0bjectives - Developing an economy in banlance with environement, society and culture; Create a favourably enabling environment for green growth in equity, balance, fraternity, and quality of socio-economic systems and ecology tbat uphold national culture value; Effective managrnent of Access to water resources management and sanitation, Access to food security and food safety, Access to development, forest conservation, and mixed resources water, and sustainable land use, Access to renewable energy, and energy efficiency, Access to information and knowledge and skill, Access to better social livelihood sevice means and environment, and Access to finance for creation of small medium enterprise and investment associated with green growth; Enbancing education and training on green growth; Strengthening information exchange, knowledge, good experiences, technology and investment related to green growth; Stimulating green growtl1 cooperation at a national and subnationa1 level, region and the world.

4.Strategy In order to achieve the above goal_ and objectives,main strategies are as follows: 4.1. lnter-national and international institionional cooperation and coordination The National Council on Green Growth with a General Secreteriat as a coordination institution with other relevant ministries/institutions at national and subnational levels, including cooperation with national and international organizatioos. private sector, and development partners should: - Reviewing all national policies by cooperating witb the ministries/institutions to achieve economic development wbile simultanoeusly protecting environment, natura] resources management, social progress, and uphold of national cul tarai identity; - Strengthening an implementation mechanism related to green growtb at both national and subnational levels; - Supporting the investment private sectors for ecological safety, quality of Jife, and efficieocy of green economy that uphold tradition and customs of people and keeping value ofhurnan and natural beritages; - Strenthening capacity of inter-national institutions and exchanging experiences with intenational institutions concerned with green growth; - Encouraging public parlicipation in a green growth principle in Cambodia. 4.2. Study, Research, and Data Analysis - Providing Capacity building to national and subnational ofücers to collect, study, research, and analyze data and information, concerning green grow~ Preparing metbodologies for collecting, analyzing and interpreting data and information related to green growth; Studying, researching, and analyzing data and information related to major development sectors including economy, environment, society, and culture; Studying, researcbjng, and assessing climate change that pose impacts on economy, environment, environment, society and culture; Identifing indicators to monitor and evaluate effectiveness of policy implementation, strategic plan and action plan for national green grow th. 2 4.3. Harmonization of Green Growth in the Economy, Society, and Culture - Reducing poverty througb green growtb at national and subnational levels; Preparing a legal framework and proceedure related to green currency and finance; Promoting responsible micistries/institutions to issue green certificates, green flags, green award, green standard, green business competitioo, green tourism, green macro- microfiance, green credit, green tax and payment for environmental services; Encourage small medium large eoterprises to have production and sustainable use of national resources; Enhancing and mainstreaming green concepts at all levels, i.e. into institutions, genders, and general public; Prepariog green growth indicators for efficiency and effectiveness of green growth, green economy and blue economy; Promoting all development activities tbat cause damage to environement, to sbift to a new development paradigm by taking a green growth priociple as a basis to reduce adverse impacts on envfronment and society posed by the development activities; Defining a greenhouse gas emission reduction target, especially carbon dioxide; Creatiog green village/commun.ce and green cornmunity adapting to climate change and resilient to climate; Preparing methodologies and defini ng an implementation standard for carbon emission reduction at small medium large enterprises; Promoting restoration of soil erosion, arid soil, and enviroamentally sustainable areas through reforestation, forest, :fishery and biodiversity conservation, and zoning for conservation and development by balancing with each other; Enhancing carbon cretdit througb interational carbon sale by iocreasing the forest caver for carbon storage sinks; Promoting the impJementation of 3R Principle, 'Reducting, Reusing and Recycling' for natural resources use effeciency and resilient to climate. 4.4.Buman Resources Development - Promotiog good governance in green growth; Mainstreaming curriculum on green growth into educational institutions, vocational training schools, and other institutes to increase knowledge in green growth, peple's harmonization with natural resources and nurturiog love for green nature for the current geoeration and the next generation; Organizing training courses for short, medium and long term, related to green growtb in Cambodfa; Exchanging green growth techniques and training officers, staff on green growth in the frame ofthe GGGI and Asian and international commucity, in order to raise awareness of green growth and effectiveness of a green growth principle; Participating in conferences, plateforms, workshops, meetings at national and international levels, as we11 as the United Nations Sustainable Development conferences and those related to green growtb; Preparing workshops, consultation meetings and discussion related to green growth, in cooperation with relevanl ministries/institutions, the GGGI organization, the United Nations and development partners; Preparing and implement ing green growth programs to provide and increase green skills and profession for officers, and stakeholders, whicb helps stimulate the achievement of green growth goals and sustainable development in Cambodia; Developing green growtb curriculum and raising awareness about it to increase quality and quantity of information available for the relevant stakeholders; 3 Developing educational curriculum and ra1smg awareness for officers-personnel, disseminalion system for green growth to help tbem to be capable and able in providing and receiving comments on green growth; - Mainstreaming a green growth principle, including green e" ironment and natural resources jobs,water resourccs and sanitation, food security and food safety, as well as sustainable land use, green economy jobs, green investment jobs, green telecommuniction and transport jobs, green industry and energy jobs and green tourism jobs, into a National Strategic Development Plan; - Updating national economic development, based on a green growth principle. 4.5. Sustainable Green Tecboology Development - Excbanging and transferring technology related to green growth, such as green environmenttal and natural resources jobs,water resources and sanitation, food security and food safoty , forestry conservation, fisbery and biodiversity conservation, sustainable land use, green economy development, blue economy development, green investment, telecommunication and transport jobs, green industry and energy jobs and tourism jobs; Supporting the private sectors that make investments in green bouse gas emission reduction technology, environmental pollutant reduction technology, effective energy usage technology, clean development technology and recycling and reusing technology or the used resources; Encouraging the researchers having invented a new green technology to continue their works.

5.Action Plan 4.1 . Creating Mechanism RGC has established National Council on Green Growth (NCGG) as a direct assistant to the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) and General Seci-ctariat for Green Growth (GSGG) of the NCGG, as the assistant to the NCGG, with its roles in coordination and consultation with relevant ministries and institutions related to green growth by assisting the RGC in mainstreaming green growth on ail developmental areas, in cooperation w ith national and international organizations and the pdvate sectors. 5.2. Creating a Legat Framework ln this national policy implementation, it is to fonnulate Law on Green Growlh, strategic plans, action plan and programs on green growth in line with the relevant sectors tbat identify specitic activities and responsibilities of the relevant ministries/institutions and establish a green growth agent team at the local authority, as well as review regulations related to green growth. 5.3. Financial Support NCGG a nd the General Secretariat of the NCGG are a mechanism for the preparation of policy preparation, national strategic plan, programs and action plans on green growth, as well as for coordinatîng with national and inte rnational organizations, and monitoring these policies implementation and ail payments for the operations process of green growth funded by the financial sources from national budget and otber sources. 4 5.4. Human Resources Development In order to ensure effectiveness of the implementation of national policy on green growth, it is to consider the preparation and irnplementation of curriculum plans for the short, medium, and long terms to gain knowledge and experience in green growth for the next professiona) generations and to provide knowledge and sk.ill to officers in charge of green growth. 5.5. Jmpleruentation Process AlJ these strategies shall be put into practice for the short, medium and long tenns, being consulted and approved by tbe NCGG to ensure effectiveness of policy implementation, following the RGC's vision.

6. Monitoring and Evaluation In order to implement this national policy successfully and effectively as expected, and with transparency, the NCGG must have a monitoring and evaluation system and propose to improve the irnplementation by focus ing on indicators as follows: Having established and reviewing a legal framework and national institution on green growth and improving the system ofidentifying management, monitoring and evaluation; Determi ning and ana1yzing füe sources and reasons lead to no sustainability among economy, environment, society and culture; lmproving and strengthening capacity building ofrelevant offi ciais of green growth; Setting up a level of education for the public and the private sectors, society, and general public about green growth and encouraging the public at the local levels to be involved in activities and dissemination programs on green growth and encouraging tbem to participate; Improving green growth at national and subnational levels; Reducing economic developmental activity impacts on economy, society, culture.

7.Conclusion The Royal Govemment of Cambodia places very high value on green growth ta ensure balance among economy, environment, society and culture. lmplementation of Policy on G1.-een Growth is ta reduce poverty, increase economic growtb, protect environment protection, manage natural resources, advance societial progress and safety and uphold national cultural value. 5 Glossary Green agriculture refers to agriculture production, based on techniques and technologies which provide no damage to environment and do not affect buman and animal lives by using only the organic substance (non-chemicals ), such as organic fertilizers, organic crop varieties, organic morphological resources ( v. ater, soil, air, geology, nature) for agriculture production and productivity. Green agriculture helps boost green economy, agro-industry, and green-tourism (natural tourism or ecotourism). Green Telecommunication and Transport refers to infrastructure, transportation means by land, water, air, communication and electricity power channel that enhance green environment, sucb as railways, buses carrying passengers, watercourses, optic cables, satellite and electricity wires. Green Growth Principle refers to development having green features and nature to ensure accesses to development, such as green environment jobs and natu1·al resources, water resources jobs, and sanitation, food security, and food safety, sustainable land use, economy and investment jobs, telecommunication and transport jobs, industry and energy jobs, and green tourism jobs. Green Energy refers to energy efficiency, especially production and use of renewable energy, such as wind energy, solar energy, wave energy, biogas, biomass, biofuel, and hydropower. Green Flag refers to green flags provided by the relevant ministries and institutions to encourage enterpreneurs and consumers having protected enviomnent and secured ecological safety, as well as ensuring economic growth and quality of life for people. Green Tourism refers to tourism developrnent and tourists without any damage to the sustainable green environment and natural resources by keeping natural beauty, ever green natural view and ecosystem, with serious consideration about socioeconomic development and upholding cultural identity through harmonization between development and conservation for the efficiency in the scarce resources use, necessarily to be preserved for the next generation to have natural prope1ty for their fu ture. Green Technology refers to tecbnique system and technology that cause no damage to environment, i.e. greenhouse gas emission reduction technology, environment toxic pollutants reduction technology, efficient energy use technology, clean development technology for recycling and reusing the used resources. Green Envi.-onment refers to good and clean environrnent without pollutants through clean development, non-polluting environrnent, maintaining quality of water, quality of land and air and ecosystem safety, by ensuring food safety, managing national resources, forestry, water resources sustainably and sustainable land use, and enhancing public health, all of which are the main factors to boost green economy to be ba1anced with environment, society and culture. 6 Sustainable Production and Consumption refers to efficient use of natural resources to fulfill production and consumption needs in the socioeconomic sector, targeting at maintaining natural resources sustainability, ecosystem safety, the l.e ast waste emission, and toxic pollution reduction, reusing and recycling for the current needs and the next generations. Green Tax refers to environmental pollution~ bquid and solid waste release tax and natural resources use tax, all of which arise from developmental activity polluting and causing danger to en vironment, along with business activity and natural res01.u-ces use. The tax imposition is to achieve the development goals with environmental sustainability. Green Investment refers projects or investment activities in green growth, focusing on green technology, economy and finance, green environment and natural resources, water resources and sanitation, food security and food safety, sustainable land use, telecommunication and transport, industry and energy and green tourism. Blue Economy refers to economic activities from the development of coastlinc zone, following a green growth principle. Green Economy refers to development of an economy with efficiency in using natural resources, environme.ntal sustainability, green jobs, green technology and economic refonns with further consideration into green encouragement, including green tax, green finance, especially green credit and micro-finance, and so on. Green Finance refers to financial instruments, such as check, share, bond, corporate bond, treasary bill, asset, property, credit and insurance as well as financial market whicb enhances purchase and sale of green products and green services to encourage investments in green agriculture, green industry, green business, green infrastructure and transport, green tourism, green energy, green construction and building, green telecommunication, green development and research, green technique and skill, green design, green workplace, green market, advertisement of green products, sale of green products and services as we11 as green finance procurement. Green Growth refers to sustainable economy development that will cause no damage to eovironment, which is based on the least use of natural resources with high yields, energy efficiency, low waste emission, clean development, green maintenance and natural heritage, livelihood improvement to achieve balance of economy development with sustainable sustainability that focus on great interest of whole society. Sustainable Development refers to development of economy baving no damage to environment, based on the minimum use of natural resources with high output, energy efficiency, minimum waste release, clean development, preservation of green nature and natural heritages as well as enhancement of people's quality of life in order to achieve balance of economic development with enviromnental sustainability, being the welfare of the entire society. 7 of Green Industry refers to clean production that use green technologies, efficient use energy and reduction in natural resources use in production chain of smaU medium large enterprises in order to ensure sustainability of natural resources, following sustainable production and consum ption principle. 8