National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation, 2024-2033

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL AGROECOLOGY STRATEGY FOR FOOD SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION 2024 – 2033 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL AGROECOLOGY STRATEGY FOR FOOD SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION 2024 – 2033 Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Kilimo House, Cathedral Road P.O. Box 30028–00100 Nairobi, Kenya Tel : +254 20 718870 E-mail : psagric@kilimo.go.ke Website: www.kilimo.go.ke © 2024 Government of Kenya Photos used courtesy of: Grow Biointensive Agriculture Centre of Kenya (G-BIACK), Seed Savers Network, PELUM Kenya, Aquaculture Business Development Programme and World Wide Fund for Nature, Kenya National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 i Foreword Agricultural growth and development is crucial for Kenya’s overall economic and social development. The sector contributes approximately 21.8% directly to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 60% of export earnings. Further, 80% of the rural population rely on the sector as the primary source of livelihood. Agriculture therefore retains significant potential in addressing pro-poor growth and development, and improving the standard of living of Kenyans by substantially reducing the number of people affected by poverty and hunger as outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals 1 and 2. The sector continues to play a pivotal role in the realization of economic growth and poverty reduction. This is through the sector’s contribution to food and nutrition security, provision of raw materials for agro-industry, employment creation and foreign exchange earnings. In recognition of the importance of the sector, the Economic pillar of Kenya’s Vision 2030 with its Fourth Medium-Term Plan and, the Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA) have prioritized agriculture as one of the five pillars of our economic recovery plan. The Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy 2019 -2029 (ASTGS) also recognizes that the sector can deliver the 10% annual economic growth that is envisaged under the economic pillar of Vision 2030. Thus, there is need to embrace sustainable production systems to enhance productivity in the realization of climate risk mitigation and adaptation measures to ensure increased productivity, better incomes and, food and nutrition security for all. The Government has identified priority agricultural value chains earmarked for increased resource allocation among them; tea, coffee and edible oils that are grown under sustainable management practices targeting local and export markets. The Government of Kenya recognizes the important role agroecological approaches can play in transforming agriculture and food systems. The Agriculture Policy of 2021 seeks to promote Agroecology farming practices for crops, livestock and fisheries. The National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation (NAS - FST), 2024 - 2033 provides a coordination mechanism for all the actors in the agroecology space in transforming food and agricultural systems in an integrated manner through ii National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 holistic and long-term solutions. This includes an explicit focus on social and economic dimensions of food systems with a strong focus on the rights of women, youth, persons with disabilities, indigenous people and local communities. Agroecology is an integrated and holistic approach for systemically addressing the challenges related to food and agricultural production and facilitating mutually supportive interactions between household livelihood strategies, the ecological health of the farm systems and the broader food systems. The approach applies principles and practices that protect longer-term absorptive and adaptive capacity of the agroecosystem and regenerates farmers’ natural assets rather than deplete them, to deliver optimal productivity and long-term food security and well-being. Dr. Andrew M. Karanja, PhD Cabinet Secretary Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Kiprono Jonathan Mueke Festus ngéno Andrew National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 iii Preface The Government of Kenya is committed to the realization of food and nutrition security for all the citizens through increased agricultural productivity. Currently, agricultural production is negatively affected by among other factors; unsustainable land and environment management practices, dependency on unreliable rainfed agriculture, high cost of inputs, low technology adoption and inadequate access to markets. The increasing demand for safe, healthy and nutritious food, combined with a growing global population and the escalating impact of climate change and disasters, are also exacerbating the food security challenges in the country. Over the past decade, Kenya has been experiencing successive impacts of climate change resulting to substantial socio-economic losses. Climate change impacts on food security relate not just to food supply, but also to food quality, food access and utilization and, the nutritional properties of some crops due to post-harvest losses. The current food production and consumption practices not only exacerbate climate change impacts but also lead to loss of biodiversity. There is a need to transform the current food production systems to become more sustainable and resilient. Agroecological innovations are based on the co-creation of knowledge, combining science with the traditional, practical, and local knowledge of producers. By enhancing autonomy and adaptive capacity, agroecology empowers producers and communities as key agents of change. There exists many stakeholders in the agroecology space each handling various activities geared towards sustainable production systems. Currently, agroecology related activities are uncoordinated and there is duplication of efforts by different stakeholders. To address the above effectively and efficiently, agroecology has to be dynamic, well-coordinated continuous process. This Strategy, aims to contribute to a sustainable transformation of the food system in Kenya to ensure food and nutrition security, climate resilient livelihoods and social inclusion. It seeks to foster a transition to resilient and sustainable agriculture and food systems through agroecological approaches and promote sustainable consumption of healthy diets for all. In addition, the Strategy facilitates the development of sustainable iv National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 production systems for crops, livestock, and fish in line with the aspirations of the Vision 2030, BETA Agenda, the ASTGS and SDGs. The development of this Strategy was highly consultative and interactive with the views of key stakeholders informing the process. In developing this Strategy, the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development has benefited immensely from the expertise of individuals, groups, and organizations who we wish to appreciate for their invaluable input. We commit to support the implementation of the Strategy and urge stakeholders to join hands in ensuring that the intended objectives are realized. Dr. Kipronoh Ronoh P. Principal Secretary State Department for Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Mr. Jonathan Mueke Principal Secretary State Department for Livestock Development Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Ms. Mary Muriuki Principal Secretary State Department for Public Health and Professional Standards Ministry of Health Eng. Festus K. Ng’eno Principal Secretary State Department for Environment and Climate Change Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry Kiprono Jonathan Mueke Festus ngéno Andrew Kiprono Jonathan Mueke Festus ngéno Andrew Kiprono Jonathan Mueke Festus ngéno Andrew National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 v Acknowledgement The conceptualization and development of the National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation (NAS-FST) was a stakeholder-driven, participatory, and collaborative process with many players involved in providing technical, financial, and other resources. Working under the umbrella of the Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA), the Core Team made up of representatives from the National and County Governments, civil society, private sector, research and academia, and farmer organizations provided strategic leadership and guidance to the process. The Core Team members included GIZ, PELUM Kenya, Biovision Foundation, Murang’a County, Vihiga County, ICRAF, Action Aid, WWF, University of Nairobi (UoN), Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya Organic Agriculture Network (KOAN), Hand to Hand, Heinrich Boell Foundation, and private agroecology experts. Such a wide collaboration is reflective of the agroecological principles of synergy, co-creation, and participation. It will become even more critical in the implementation of the NAS-FST. We are grateful to the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development (MoALD) in providing unwavering support and a conducive environment for the development of the Strategy. Appreciation goes to the Policy Department and the Engineering Section for taking their time to understand the concept of agroecology and its role in transforming food systems as well as bringing this to bear in the NAS-FST. Similar appreciation goes to the JASSCOM and SWAG for their comments and inputs throughout the process. The insightful comments from the members of the SWAG showed their deep knowledge of and support for agroecology as an important approach for addressing current food systems challenges. Indeed, the extension of the title of the Strategy to read “for Food System Transformation” was a suggestion from the SWAG. Lastly, the donors who have contributed through financial and other support ensured that the Strategy became a reality. The mantra for the fundraising was that no support is too little. In this regard, we wish to thank the European Union (DeSIRA program) and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), PELUM Kenya, Biovision Foundation, Action Aid, Hand in Hand EA, WWF, ICRAF on vi National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 behalf of the Agroecology Transformative Partnership Platform (TPP), and BIBA Kenya for their support. While the Strategy has been developed through such support, the next critical phase which is the implementation of the Strategy will require all hands on deck. We appeal to all interested stakeholders and players to join us in realizing the vision of a resilient and sustainable food systems by supporting the implementation of the NAS-FST. In this regard, we wish to thank the European Union (DeSIRA Program), the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), PELUM Kenya, Biovision Foundation, Action Aid, Hand in Hand EA, WWF, ICRAF on behalf of the Agroecology Transformative Partnership Platform (TPP) and the Agroecology Initiative of the CGIAR, and BIBA Kenya for their support. Eng. Laban Kiplagat Agricultural Engineering Secretary State Department for Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Collins Marangu Agricultural Secretary State Department for Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 vii Executive Summary There is increasing recognition that food systems in Kenya – the way we produce, distribute and consume food – are not sustainable and are therefore unable to sufficiently meet the needs of our growing population. While agricultural output grew by 10% in the 2018-2022 period, the burden of malnutrition continues to persist. The proportion of the population with severe food insecurity increased from 15% in 2016 to 28% in 2023, one in five children are stunted while one in four women are anaemic. Worse still, the country’s food system is heavily impacted by global climate change while also contributing to a larger share (over 60%) of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and biodiversity loss. The intensity of extreme weather events including droughts, heavy rains and floods have worsened over the years with serious negative effects on our food security and the ecosystems. The need to transform Kenya`s food system has been recognized through the development of country`s Food System Transformation Pathway Plan. The transformation aims to make food systems; healthy and nutritious; inclusive and enabling sustainable livelihoods for all stakeholders; environmentally sustainable and; resilient. This plan is anchored on the various international commitments including UN Food Systems Summit (2021) and the Global Stocktake at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Conference of the Parties 28 (UNFCCC COP 28). These frameworks recognize agroecology as an approach to facilitate a transition towards more productive, sustainable and inclusive food systems. Agroecological approaches provide ways of harnessing ecosystem services and natural processes in a productive manner. They include organic agriculture, agroforestry, regenerative agriculture and permaculture. The overall goal of the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy (NAS - FST) is to promote a sustainable transformation of the food system in Kenya to ensure food security and nutrition, climate resilient livelihoods and social inclusion for all. This Strategy has identified five challenges facing our food systems. First, the country has fragile agri-food systems characterized by declining productivity in crops, livestock and fisheries, which is closely associated with degradation of land, water, soils, and other viii National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 ecosystems supporting food production. Second, limited access to and consumption of safe, diversified, and healthy diets which leads to food insecurity and malnutrition. Third, there is a weak policy environment and incentives for supporting agroecology transitioning and scaling up. Fourth, there is limited integration of agroecological approaches in research, curriculum, and practice. Last, gender and social inequalities are driven by the uneven distribution of resources and power leading to the marginalization of smallholder farmers, indigenous communities, women and youth. To address these challenges, this Strategy has outlined five strategic areas to be addressed by actionable strategic actions to stimulate agri-food system transformation. These include, (i) Foster the transition to resilient and sustainable agriculture and food systems through agroecological approaches, (ii) Promote sustainable consumption and facilitate transition towards healthy and sustainable diets for all, (iii) Create an enabling environment and incentives for agroecology transitioning and scaling up (iv) Strengthen research, innovation, and training, to foster co-creation, and co-learning on agroecological approaches and, (v) Enhance social equity, inclusion and participatory governance in the food system. The implementation of the strategy will be spearheaded by an Agroecology Strategy Implementation Summit comprising of departments within the relevant national ministries, Council of Governors, farmers’ association and private sector actors. The coordination of the strategy implementation will be led by the Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA) and National Technical Committee on Agroecology at the national level, while at the devolved level, a Technical Working Group will be established within the County Agriculture Sector Steering Committee (CASSCOM). Strategy implementation will require about KES 26.8 Billion drawn from the public and private sources. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 ix Definition of Terms Agroecology Agroecology is an integrated approach that simultaneously applies ecological and social concepts and principles to the design and management of food and agricultural systems. Agroecological approaches use natural processes to optimize the interactions between plants, animals, humans and the environment while taking into consideration local and scientific knowledge and the social aspects that advocate for a sustainable and fair food system. Agroecology covers all ecosystems including agroecosystems, aquatic ecosystem (freshwater and marine), silviculture, terrestrial (forest ecosystem, savannah/ grassland ecosystem), desert and tundra ecosystems. It incorporates a set of practices including organic agriculture, regenerative agriculture, permaculture, ecological agriculture, soil and water conservation and management, agroforestry and, integrated pest management. Food System It encompasses the entire range of actors and their interlinked value-adding activities involved in the production, aggregation, processing, distribution, consumption and disposal of food products that originate from agriculture, forestry or fisheries, and parts of the broader economic, societal and natural environments in which they are embedded. Food System Transformation Food system transformation refers to the comprehensive reorganization of food production, distribution, and consumption to ensure food and nutrition security and environmental sustainability through agroecological approaches. x National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Healthy and safe diet This is a diet that consists of adequate intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes and clean drinking water; reduced intake of free sugars and fats; and food that is not contaminated with potentially harmful bacteria, parasites, viruses, toxins and chemicals. Sustainable consumption In the context of food systems, this refers to practices in food consumption that conserve natural resources, enhance environmental quality and promote social equity. Vulnerable groups Vulnerable groups in society are those segments of the population that are more likely to suffer from disadvantages, marginalization, or discrimination due to various socioeconomic, physical, or psychological factors. Vulnerable groups within society, including women, older members of society, persons with disabilities, children, youth, members of minority or marginalized communities, and members of particular ethnic, religious or cultural communities. Producers Actors responsible for planting, cultivating and harvesting of crops and trees or rearing livestock and fisheries to produce food and other non-food products. Productive resources These are the factors of production used to produce goods and services and includes in natural resources, labour, capital and entrepreneurship. Value chain actors These are food system actors involved in producing, processing, distributing, marketing, retailing, and consuming food. They include input suppliers, producers, processors, distributors/ wholesalers, retailers and consumers. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 xi Abbreviations and Acronyms ABS Access and Benefit Sharing ASALs Arid and Semi - Arid Lands ASTGS Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy BETA Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda CIDP County Integrated Development Plan CASSCOM County Agriculture Sector Steering Committee (CASSCOM) CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CECMs County Executive Committee Members CGs County Governments CIRAD French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development GDP Gross Domestic Product GHGs Greenhouse Gas Emissions FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FLW Food Loss and Waste HPLE High-Level Panel of Experts IFAD The International Fund for Agricultural Development IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPLC Indigenous People and Local Communities ISFAA Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology JASSCOM Joint Agricultural Sector Steering Committee KEPHIS Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service xii National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 KNBS Kenya National Bureau of Statistics MoALD Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development MTP Medium Term Plan NAS - FST National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation NDC Nationally Determined Contribution NSAs Non-State Actors PES Payment for Ecosystem Services PESTEL Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal PWDs People with Disabilities R & I Research and Innovation SSA Sub Saharan Africa SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SMEs Small and Medium-sized Enterprises SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats TWG Thematic Working Group USDA United States Department of Agriculture UN United Nations UNEP United Nation Environmental Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 xiii Table of Contents Foreword ............................................................................... i Preface .................................................................................. iii Acknowledgement ................................................................. v Executive Summary .............................................................. vii Definition of Terms ................................................................. ix Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................. xi Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................... 1 1.1 Background ...........................................................................1 1.2 Rationale for the National Agroecology Strategy .....................7 Chapter 2: Situational Analysis .............................................. 11 2.1 Introduction .............................................................................11 2.2 Key issues and Challenges Facing Agricultural & Food System ...11 2.3 Environmental Scan of Agroecology in Kenya ............................29 2.4 Summary of Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities ....................36 Chapter 3: Strategic Framework ............................................ 38 3.1 Overall Goal of the Strategy ....................................................38 3.2 Strategic Objectives ................................................................40 3.3 Strategic Areas of Focus ..........................................................41 Chapter 4: Strategic Implementation ..................................... 52 4.1 Coordination Mechanism & Institutional Set-up ...........................52 4.2 Financing of Strategy Implementation ........................................57 4.3 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting .......................................60 4.4 Knowledge Management and Communication ...........................61 4.5 Risk and Mitigation ..................................................................62 References ........................................................................... 64 xiv National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Annexes ................................................................................. 70 Annex 1: Process of Developing the Strategy ...................................70 Annex 2: National Agroecology Strategy Implementation Matrix ...........................................................................72 Annex III: Members of the Core Team on the Development of NAS - FST ......................................................................131 List of Tables Table 1: Contribution of Agroecology ................................................9 Table 2: Policy Framework Linked to Agroecology ...............................25 Table 3: SWOT Analysis for the Agroecology in Kenya .......................30 Table 4: Estimated Budget for the Strategy Implementation ................58 Table 5: Risk and Mitigation Strategies for the Agroecology Strategy ...62 List of Figures Figure 1: Simplified Diagram for the Food System ................................2 Figure 2: Dimensions of Agroecology .................................................5 Figure 3: Agroecology Principles ......................................................6 Figure 4: Extent of Degradation of Ecosystems in Kenya ......................13 Figure 5: Share of Carbon Emissions by Sector in Kenya ......................15 Figure 6: The Cycle of Unsustainable Food Diets .................................16 Figure 7: Undernourishment and Food Insecurity ..................................17 Figure 8: Total Actual National Government Funding by Sector ............22 Figure 9: Selected Economic Indicators for Kenya ...............................32 Figure 10: Food and Nutrition Indicators for Kenya .............................32 Figure 11: Development Indicators for Kenya .......................................33 Figure 12: Theory of Change ..............................................................39 Figure 13: Coordination Structure and Institutional Setups ....................54 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 1 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Agri-food system context in Kenya Kenya is a lower-middle-income country, the largest economy in East Africa with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of KES 15.1 trillion in 2023 (KNBS, 2024). The agriculture sector remains the dominant sector accounting for 21.8% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2023 (KNBS, 2024). While agricultural output grew by 10% in the period 2018 - 2022, the triple burden of malnutrition continues to persist. The proportion of the population with severe food insecurity increased from 15% in 2016 to 28% in 2023. Similarly, the prevalence of undernourishment rose from 22.3% in 2013 (10 million people) to 29.4% in 2022 (14.7 million), erasing almost two decades of progress (FAO et al., 2023). The need to feed the rising population (from 40 million in 2009 to 53 million in 2024), has led to the increased expansion of agriculture into natural habitats, posing a significant threat to biodiversity. Further, the intensity of extreme weather events including droughts, heavy rains and floods (IPCC, 2023) have worsened over the years with serious negative effects on food security. For example, between 2020 and 2022, Kenya and her East African neighbours experienced a very severe drought, the longest in 70 years (FEWS NET, 2022). In the face of the confluence of environmental degradation, climate change and the triple burden of malnutrition, there is increasing recognition that food systems are not meeting the needs of people, and their environmental costs are contributing to global climate change and biodiversity loss. 2 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 A food system gathers all the elements (environment, people, inputs, processes, infrastructure, policies, laws and institutions, etc.) and activities that relate to the production, processing, distribution, preparation and consumption of food, and the outputs of these activities, including socio-economic and environmental outcomes (HPLE, 2017) (Figure 1). Figure 1: Simplified Diagram for the Food System (Source: HPLE, 2017) Food systems play a vital role in nourishing humanity, supporting well-being, and sustaining livelihoods. However, they face many challenges across its components including production, distribution, consumption of food and, food waste and recovery. In addition, issues like gender and social inclusion intersect with these challenges, complicating efforts to create equitable and sustainable systems. Transforming food systems is crucial to meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2: Zero Hunger, but also for other goals, including SDG 3: Good Health and Well- National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 3 Being, SDG 5: Gender Equality, SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, and SDG 15: Life on Land. Kenya’s food production system which includes agriculture, livestock, forestry, and fishing, is characterized by low and declining productivity associated with poor soil health, poor agricultural practices, deteriorating ecological status of the environment and climate change. Productivity of all key crops in cereals, vegetables and pulses is lower than their potential (Central Bank of Kenya, 2023). The current production system is also characterized by a trend towards monoculture which reduces agricultural biodiversity. This is further compounded by reliance on external inputs which increases the vulnerability of farmers while also reducing returns from their farming practices. Moving towards greater use of organic inputs has been found to enhance and preserve the environment, while at the same time being more affordable. Smallholder farmers who constitute the largest proportion of agri-food producers have also limited access to and control of genetic resources such as seed and livestock breed (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Co-operatives, 2020). Limited sovereignty of seed and other genetic resources limits the types of food farmers can produce which negatively impacts nutrition. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has also shown that access to diverse seeds is a key strategy in ensuring we are able to continue to produce the food we need as climate change impacts become more severe. As of February 2023, over 4.4 million people were experiencing high levels of acute food insecurity due to drought and consecutive years of below-average rainfall (NDMA et al., 2023). While sustainable agricultural production practices for climate change adaptation exist, their uptake is limited due to weaknesses in extension and training systems which often emphasize less on agroecosystem sustainability. Beyond production, agricultural and food markets are characterized by poor aggregation arrangements and inefficient distribution systems. Smallholder farmers often face structural barriers that prevent them from accessing markets including, inefficient supply chains, discriminatory social norms and economic barriers for marginalized groups. There is pressing need to develop inclusive market systems that actively engage and benefit diverse actors including the poor and marginalized groups who are frequently excluded or even exploited by traditional market structures. Urbanization is also influencing change of diets towards more ultra-processed food and animal- 4 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 sourced proteins. This contributes to more lifestyle diseases and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions (HLPE, 2017). This challenge is compounded by a widening demand- supply gap which has led to a surge of food imports, particularly maize, wheat and rice (FAO, European Union & CIRAD, 2023). Kenya has high levels of food loss and waste estimated at 20 - 40% of food produced (Liebetrau, 2019; TechnoServe, 2023). The Food Waste Index Report 2021 indicates that every Kenyan throws away about 99 kilograms of food every year which costs the economy KES 72 billion (UNEP, 2021). The food system also faces governance issues such as inequitable access to resources such as land and finance (KNBS and ICF, 2023). While smallholders are central to the food systems transformation, their voices are most often ignored. This is made worse by limited funding to support research and development and the scaling up of sustainable agricultural practices. Budget allocations for agriculture have averaged 3.3% for national government and 8% for county governments (adapted from Controller of Budget, 2022; 2024). The combined investment is yet to reach Kenya’s commitment to allocate at least 10% of national budgetary resources as per the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP). The foregoing suggests the need for agri-food system transformation. 1.1.2 The contribution of agroecology to food system transformation Agroecology presents an opportunity to address many of the challenges facing our food system in a manner that is eco-friendly, resilient, and just. Agroecological approaches favour the use of natural processes, improving the use of inputs available at the farm level, and promoting closed cycles with minimal negative externalities. It is an integrated and holistic approach for systematically addressing the challenges related to food and agricultural production. It also facilitates mutually supportive interactions between household livelihood strategies, the ecological health of the farm systems and the broader food systems (HLPE, 2019). The approach applies principles and practices that protect longer-term absorptive and adaptive capacity of the agroecosystem. It regenerates farmers’ natural assets rather than depleting them, thus delivering optimal productivity and long-term food security and well-being. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 5 Agroecology is inspired by natural ecosystems, combining local and scientific knowledge and focusses on the interactions between plants, animals, humans and the environment. Innovations are based on the co-creation of knowledge, combining science with the traditional, practical and local knowledge of food system actors. By enhancing their autonomy and adaptive capacity, agroecology empowers food system actors as key agents of change. Agroecology places a strong emphasis on participatory processes that involves all stakeholders including women, youth and indigenous peoples. Rather than tweaking the practices of unsustainable agricultural systems, agroecology seeks to transform food and agricultural systems, addressing the root causes of problems in an integrated way and providing holistic and long-term solutions. This includes an explicit focus on the social and economic dimensions of food systems. Agroecology is increasingly seen as a transdisciplinary science, a set of practices and a social movement. (Figure 2). Figure 2: Dimensions of agroecology The UN Food Systems Summit (2021) and the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of Parties (COP 28) are among the global frameworks which recognize agroecology as an approach to facilitate a transition towards more productive, sustainable and inclusive food systems. The agroecological transition pathway is informed by the consolidated set of thirteen key agroecological principles (Figure 3) that relate quite closely to the FAO’s 10 elements of agroecology. Adapting generic principles to local context through co-learning, rather than promoting prescribed practices or technology, results in concrete practices suited to local circumstances and enables a demand-driven development agenda. A Transdisciplinary Science The integrative study of the ecology of the entire food system, encompassing ecological, economic and social dimensions Set of Practices Aimed at improving agroecosystems by harnessing natural processes, creating beneficial biological interactions and synergies among their component Social Movement That strengthens the economic viability of rural areas based on short marketing chains, and safe food production. It supports diverse forms of smallholder food production, food sovereignty, local knowledge, social justice, local identity and culture, and indigenous rights for seeds and breeds 6 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Figure 3: Agroecology Principles (Based on HPLE 2019) 1. Recycling Preferentially use local renewable resources and close, as far as possible, resource cycles of nutrients and biomass 6. Synergy Enhance positive ecological interaction, synergy, integration, and complementarity among the element of agroecosystems (plants, animals, tree, soil, water) 10. Fairness Support dignified and robust livelihoods for all the actors engaged in food systems, especially small-scale food producers, based on fair trade, fair employment, and fair treatment of intellectual 2. Input Reduction Reduce or eliminate dependency on external inputs 7. Economic Diversification Diversify on farm incomes by ensuring small scale farmers have greater financial independence and value addition opportunities while enabling them to respond to demand from consumers 11. Connectivity Ensure proximity and confidence between producers and consumers through promotion of fair and short distribution networks and by re- embedding food systems into local economies 3. Soil Health Secure and enhance soil health and functioning for improved plant growth, particularly by managing organic matter and by enhancing soil 8. Co-creation of Knowledge Enhance co-creation and horizontal sharing of knowledge, including local and scientific innovation, especially through farmer- to-farmer exchange 12. Land and Resource Governance Recognize and support the needs and interests of family farmers, smallholders, and peasant food producers as sustainable managers and guardians of natural and genetic resources 4. Animal Health Ensure animal health and welfare 9. Social Values and Diets Build food systems based on the culture, identity, tradition, social and gender equity of local communities that provide healthy, diversified, seasonally, and culturally appropriate diets. 13. Participation Encourage social organization and greater participation in decision-making by food producers and consumers to support decentralized governance and local adaptive management of agricultural and food systems 5. Biodiversity Maintain and enhance diversity of species, functional diversity and genetic resources and maintain biodiversity in the agroecosystem over time and space at field, farm and land scape scales National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 7 The food system transformation through agroecology follows a transition pathway which focuses on; i. Complementary use of all available nutrient sources (organic and inorganic), with a focus on achieving optimal nutrient balance ii. Redesign of farming systems to increase system synergies on farms and across landscapes through diversity and, improved soil and animal health iii. Establishes a close relationship among producers, consumer and food system actors iv. Builds a new global food system that is not only sustainable but also helps restore and protect Earths life-support systems. This food system is based on participation, localness, fairness and justice (Gliessman, 2007) 1.2 Rationale for the National Agroecology Strategy The Government of Kenya has prioritized food and nutrition security as a foundational pillar of its national development agenda. Despite the commitment, the growing population and the escalating impact of climate change and disasters are worsening the food and nutrition security situation in the country (IFAD, 2021). The food provisioning challenges are likely to remain a significant barrier to sustainable development, if they are not addressed. The challenge is more severe in Kenya’s Arid and Semi-Arid Areas (ASALs) which are characterized by water scarcity, low and erratic rainfall, high temperatures, and fragile ecosystems. ASALs constitute approximately 80% of Kenya’s land mass and are home to about 36% of Kenya’s population or 18.7 million people (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperatives, 2021a). The need to transform Kenya`s food system has been recognized through the development of Kenya’s Food System Transformation Pathway Plan. A key challenge at hand, is how to design and operationalize strategies and plans to support the food system transformative agenda. Agroecology presents a pathway to address many of the challenges facing our food systems in a manner that is eco-friendly, resilient, and just. Agroecology is an integrated and holistic approach for systemically addressing the challenges related to food and agricultural production. It facilitates mutually supportive 8 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 interactions between household livelihood strategies, the ecological health of the farm systems and the broader food systems. The existing policy framework including the Agricultural Policy 2021 and The Kenya Vision 2030 acknowledge the potential of agroecology in supporting food system transformation. However, Kenya does not have a specific strategy on agroecology upon which efforts for its adoption and scale up can be anchored. This Strategy therefore presents an opportunity to address biodiversity loss, while simultaneously providing benefits of climate adaptation, food and nutrition security, water conservation, ecosystem resilience, sustainable livelihoods and human rights. The strategy is framed in the context of the constitutional aspiration of putting the country on a sustainable development trajectory. The Constitution recognizes sustainable development as an important value and principle of governance and grants the right to adequate food and a clean and healthy environment to all citizens (Article 42 and 43). The Strategy will support the mainstreaming of agroecology and other innovative- sustainable practices into existing national and county plans and strategies to enable their adoption at scale and in a transformational way. At the county level, some counties have developed or are in the process of developing agroecology policies or strategies. These include Murang’a, Kiambu, Vihiga, Busia, Kakamega, West Pokot and Laikipia. The Agroecology Strategy will provide a national framework that Counties can use to domesticate their agroecology strategies, policies and laws. The agroecological transition pathway is informed by the consolidated set of thirteen key agroecological principles (closely related to the FAO’s 10 elements of agroecology). The integration of these principles in Kenya’s food system would contribute to agri- food systems transformation across many domains including food and nutrition, health, environment and climate change adaptation and mitigation, economic and social cultural outcomes (Table 1). National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 9 Table 1: Contribution of Agroecology Dimension Contributions of agroecology Food and nutrition security • Diversification of plants and animals will result in increased dietary diversity • Promotes self-sufficiency through food and seed sovereignty which brings back as much control as possible to local farmers and other local food system actors • Offers opportunities for livelihood diversification through the integration of livestock, beekeeping, and non-timber forest products, providing additional sources of income for ASAL communities Human Health • Enhanced food safety; reduced health risks from pesticide exposure; reduced use of antibiotics, and growth hormones • Emphasis on diverse diets enhances nutrition security and reduces incidences of non-communicable diseases Environmental • Uptake of nature-based solutions will enhance adaptation and mitigation against climate change, to reduce carbon emissions by about 80 million tCO2e per year by 2050 (FOLU, 2022) • Enhanced ecosystem services through biodiversity conservation, integrated soil fertility management • Reduce hidden externality (environmental cost of production) substantially (ranging from 10% to 30%) Economic • Production of agroecological inputs such as organic fertilizers and bio pesticides will create green jobs for the youth • Diversification and higher production will reduce dependence on food imports • Reduces cost of production by promoting producing more with less external inputs • Enhance economic growth and GDP by expanding the trade and export of organic products • Increased productivity due to use of agroecological inputs Social-cultural • Restoration, preservation of indigenous knowledge and genetic resources • Foster strong linkages between producers and consumers through a circular and solidarity economy • Change power relationships by encouraging greater participation in decision-making on food systems • Places a strong focus on the rights of women, youth and indigenous peoples 10 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Overall, the strategy will support Kenya’s attainment of its environmental, economic and social commitments as defined in the Sustainable Development Goals. Transitioning towards agroecological systems is central to achieving the multiple and interlinked objectives of the SDGs. Agroecology can contribute directly and significantly to reducing poverty (SDG 1), increasing access to food (SDG 2), SDG 3: Good Health and Well- Being, SDG 5: Gender Equality, by contributing to decent work (SDG 8) . In addition, agroecological approaches and practices can contribute to decent work (SDG 8), SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, SDG 12 on sustainable production and consumption, and SDG 15: Life on Land, promoting renewable energy (SDG 7), regulating and reducing emissions (SDG 13), conservation, promoting marine diversity and regulating fishing practices (SDG 14), and reversing man-made deforestation and desertification to sustain all life on earth (SDG 15). The SDG 17 whose clarion call is ensuring that no one is left behind and calls for partnerships between governments, the private sector, and civil society is well aligned to the principles of agroecology. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 11 2.1 Introduction The overall socioeconomic context of Kenya’s agricultural and food systems has undergone significant structural changes in the last few decades due to the combination of population growth, urbanization, and economic growth. The increasing demand for food, combined with a growing global population and the escalating impact of climate change and disasters, are challenging the current paradigm of food production and consumption (IFAD, 2021). These dynamics have implications for sustainable development. Moreover, socio-cultural factors such as religion, beliefs, food preferences, gender discrimination and education, continue to influence food consumption patterns and nutrition and therefore the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 2.2 Key Issues and Challenges Facing Agricultural and Food System in Kenya Ensuring food and nutrition security for all continues to be a key development agenda of the Kenyan Government. Transforming the agricultural and food systems is however faced with many contextual issues and challenges around the following themes. 2.2.1 Agriculture and food production The agricultural sector in Kenya is characterized by a combination of mixed cropping, livestock systems, fisheries, and forestry. The key challenges the sector faces in the country include; Chapter 2: Situational Analysis 12 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Rising dependence on external inputs: There is increased consensus that food output will need to increase to meet the demands of the growing population. One of the notable achievements of agriculture in the last century was the shift towards the high-input, resource-intensive farming systems (Green Revolution) which began in the 1950s, leading to significant increase in production of food. The increased production can be attributed in part to the introduction of new, high-yielding crop varieties and cultivars. However, these varieties often necessitate substantial application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to achieve their potential yields. This has implications on the cost of food production and integrity of environmental functions (loss of biodiversity, deforestation, water availability, soil health and GHG emissions). While there is no doubt about the success of the high-input, resource-intensive farming in increasing yields, there is evidence highlighting its long-term unsustainability (HPLE, 2019). Overdependence on external inputs also limits space for local indigenous knowledge and innovation. Their high cost also lowers the returns from agricultural enterprises. Declining sovereignty of seed and animal genetic resources: Seed is the first link in the food chain. The growing of seed and the free exchange of seeds among farmers is indeed the basis to maintaining biodiversity and food security. For generations, smallholder farmers have freely shared a wide variety of seed material to produce food. The conversation about seed sovereignty is gaining traction especially in developing countries, fueled by concerns over new laws and, institutional and market arrangements being introduced (e.g., Ghana, Liberia and Sierra Leone). These new arrangements limit what farmers can do with their own seed varieties (AFSA, 2017). This raises further significant worries about the control and accessibility of local genetic resources. While over 80% of farmers access seed from Farmer Managed Seed Systems (FMSS), current seed policies and laws prioritize the formal seed sector. Currently the formal seed sector concentrates on a few types of crop and animal species that are just grown or raised at commercial scale. The imbalance undermines the vital role of local seed systems in maintaining biodiversity and supporting the food security of smallholder farmers. This is exacerbated by limited protection of local seed and livestock breeds from bio-piracy. There is also inadequate research on the economic, nutritional and agroecosystem health benefits of indigenous seed and National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 13 food. Agricultural investment is often largely tailored towards industrial or corporate models of food production with little focus on the value of indigenous foods. Degradation of land and other ecosystems supporting agricultural and food production: The continued degradation of land, soil and water remains a big challenge to agriculture. This is associated with unsustainable practices such as continuous cropping, livestock overstocking, pressure on pastoral systems, expansion of area under agriculture, land use change and reduction of forest cover. In Kenya, almost all the counties are at risk with high levels of land degradation are likely to occur in about 61.4% of the total area of Kenya, while very high degradation is already affecting 27.2% of the land (Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2017). Some of the impacts of the degradation include poor fertilizer yield response, reduced provisioning of ecosystem services, reduced productivity and water stress (Figure 4). Figure 4: Extent of Degradation of Ecosystems in Kenya Declining biodiversity for food and agriculture: The increased adoption of monoculture which is associated with trends towards specialization and commercialization, is a leading driver of declining resilience of the food system. While monoculture systems are financially profitable, they are highly vulnerable to climate change and other related socio-economic shocks. Fertilizer • Poor fertilizer yield response due to rising soil acidity and decline in soil organic matter • This limits uptake of inorganic nutrients (Sheahan et al., 2013) Ecosystem Services • Poor fertilizer yield response due to rising soil acidity and decline in soil organic matter • Declining forest cover from 3.9 to 3.6 million ha in the 2000 - 2020 period (FAO, 2015) Productivity • Declining productivity in both crop and livestock • Yields of most main crops below potenial and yield reducing over time (CBK, 2023) Water • Rising water scarcity and stress, from 12.9% in 2000 to 33.2% in 2020 (National Water Master Plan 2030) 14 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 The current production systems lack balance between specialization and diversification of farms and rural spaces, which is causing farmers to lose their autonomy (by relying on distant markets). Globally, out of 6,000 edible plant species that we have cultivated over centuries, just nine crops now account for more than 66% of all crop production (Convention on Biological Diversity, 2024). The colonial export-oriented policies had major impacts on Africa’s rich food system and food security. In the colonial period, African agriculture had to shift from the production of traditional food crops to export crops. They comprise primarily fiber (such as cotton and sisal), sugar, coffee, and tea. Following independence, African governments continued to implement the same policies, focusing on exporting these crops, to maintain the flow of foreign currency needed to fund their industrialization policies. Impacts of climate change on food systems: Kenya has been experiencing successive impacts of climate change resulting to substantial socio-economic losses. The country has endured three severe droughts in the last decade (2010-2011, 2016-2017 and 2020- 2022) with widespread livelihood losses and massive displacement of populations. The impact of climate change on food security relates not just to food supply, but also to food quality, food access and utilization and the nutritional properties of some crops. In response, the country has put up several measures to address these impacts (e.g., Climate Smart Agriculture Strategy (2017-2026) and updating of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)). However, Kenya’s total GHG emissions have continued to increase, rising from 56.8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 1995 to 93.7 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2015, representing an increase of 65.2 % over the period (Figure 5). The emissions are projected to increase to 143 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2030 (Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2021). Agroecology promotes nature-based solutions that enhance adaptation to climate change impacts and contribute to climate change mitigation of approximately 80 million tCO2e per year by 2050. It’s uptake will therefore help the country meet her NDCs since Agriculture and land use changes are leading sources of GHG emissions; mostly associated with, livestock enteric fermentation, manure left on pasture and agricultural soils and fertilizer application (Figure 5). National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 15 Figure 5: Share of Carbon Emissions by Sector in Kenya (Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2021) 2.2.2 Aggregation, distribution and processing Kenya’s agriculture is predominantly small scale, accounting for 75% of the total production. Due to declining farm sizes, the low quantities of surpluses from small- scale producers often do not meet the market requirements of large scale off-takers. The existing models for distribution and markets are associated with the following challenges; • Weak linkages between producers, consumers and other food system actors • Inefficient food supply chains and markets characterized by high transaction costs, information asymmetries and long value chains which increase the carbon footprint • While markets for conventional inputs like hybrid seed, fertilizer and pesticides are well developed, those for organic and biological inputs are still nascent • The hidden social and environmental costs of unsustainable farming remain invisible in market prices. Consequently, incentives to transition to more sustainable production and consumption practices are weak 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Waste Management Industrial processes & product Use (IPPU) Transport Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) Agriculture 16 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Creating options using enterprise and market-based solutions, especially for smallholder farm households, is one of the most probable paths to ending poverty and igniting prosperity in the economy (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock Development and Cooperatives, 2021b). 2.2.3 Food consumption Sustainable consumption focuses on addressing under-consumption while stimulating the demand for healthy, diverse and safe diets. This would involve; reducing the use of harmful agrochemicals, promoting dietary diversification, and localizing food sources. It also aims at improving food security, livelihoods and equity within the food system. Achieving these outcomes is constrained by various challenges; Shifts in consumption preferences in favor of foods that are considered unhealthy: The burden caused by non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, is on the rise globally. This trend is in part attributed to the consumption of poor and unhealthy diets (foods rich in energy and calories, fats, added sugars or salt, and an inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables and dietary fibre). This ‘nutrition transition’ reflects rapid urbanization, increased production of processed food, direct effects of food marketing exposure, differences in individual purchasing power and, income elasticities of food choice. While Kenya’s diet problem is primarily a poverty problem, change in income does not necessarily translate to better diets (KNBS and ICF, 2023).). The poor consumer choices not only affect their nutrition and health outcomes, but also lead to a cycle that affects what is produced and available in the market (Figure 6). Figure 6: The Cycle of Unsustainable Food Diets (Stakeholder Consultations) Reduced market demand of healthy foods Reduced consumer consumption of healthy foods Reduced production of healthy foods Reduced market availability of healthy foods National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 17 The ‘triple burden’ of malnutrition and food insecurity: Ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition are all key steps towards sustainable development. Despite undernutrition having declined strongly, most Kenyans still do not meet the recommended intake of nutritious food such as fruit and vegetables. Diets are mostly cereal-based, which leads to frequent dietary inadequacy. Worryingly, prevalence of undernourishment, food insecurity and hunger have been rising in the last few years, erasing almost two decades of progress (Figure 7). While the country has made progress in reducing stunting for children under five, one in five children remain stunted (KNBS and ICF, 2023). The food provisioning challenges are likely to remain a significant barrier to sustainable development, if unaddressed. Figure 7: Undernourishment and Food Insecurity in the Kenyan Food System (2000 - 2022) Inadequate systems to guarantee food safety: Food safety is a key concern in the food system since unsafe food remains a major cause of disease and death. Globally, contaminated foods cause about 1 in 10 people to fall ill every year and nearly half a million deaths (WHO, 2015). While the burden of foodborne diseases is a global concern, African and South-East Asia have the highest incidence and death rates. In Kenya, the major food safety concerns relate to; • Improper and increased use of pesticides and other agro-chemicals which increases residual levels that are harmful to humans. While there is limited data available concerning the use or concentrations of pesticides in water, soil and food, available evidence indicates a worryingly rising trend (Box 1). 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 20 01 20 03 20 05 20 07 20 09 20 12 20 14 20 16 20 18 20 20 Undernourishment in the population (%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Food insecurity (% of food insecure population) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2000 2007 2014 2022 Global hunger index (score) 18 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 • Weak monitoring and limited enforcement of food safety standards and regulations due to among other factors a skewed focus on hotel and restaurants at the expense of other sectors • Overlap in mandate between regulators such as Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) and Public Health Departments at the county level • Poor food handling and personal hygiene practices from production to consumption • Aflatoxin contamination in grains (especially maize, wheat and groundnuts). Aflatoxin is a carcinogen produced by mold that grows on improperly dried or handled crops. In 2004, maize contaminated with Aflatoxin caused 317 cases of liver failure and 125 deaths in Kenya (IFC, n.d) In the face of these challenges, developing and encouraging agroecological farming techniques can help make soils more productive, minimize the use of agrochemicals and pollution, and therefore help reduce budget incurred on health provisioning because of foodborne diseases. Box 1: Use of Pesticides in Kenya • Chemical pesticides are hazardous in nature and may have negative impact on the environment, risk to the user and food safety • The combined imports of herbicides, fungicides, insecticides have grown from 15.92 metric tonnes (2015) to 21. 65 metric tonnes in 2021 (PCPB, 2024) • Many pesticides are either acutely toxic, are endocrine disrupters (acting on the hormone system), are toxic to different wildlife species or are known to cause a high incidence of severe or irreversible adverse effects • There is limited research evidence concerning the use of pesticides with most research focusing on the persistent organic pollutants, such as DDT, which are rarely used anymore • Most consumers and farmers are not aware about the hazardous nature of pesticides, impact on food safety, risks to the users and their possible effects on the environment and ecosystem services. Due to the high toxicity towards human health and the environment and due to their persistence (length of time in the environment), many of these pesticides are banned or heavily restricted in many countries in Europe National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 19 2.2.4 Resource and waste recovery Resource and waste recovery offer multiple benefits such as lower dependency to external resources, conserving resources, increasing the autonomy of producers and reducing their vulnerability to market and climate shocks (FAO, 2023). Waste recovery includes practices such as waste-to-energy, recycling, nutrient cycling, composting, water recycling and circularity. The circular economy aims to minimize waste by designing products and systems that allow for the reduction, reuse, and recycling of materials, thus reducing environmental pollution, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting a more sustainable and resilient economy. The government has put in place several policies such as Environmental Management and Coordination Act (EMCA, 1999), Waste Management Regulations (2006), Bio- energy Strategy (2020-2027) and National Solid Waste Management Strategy (2015). However, the Kenya has high levels of waste being generated and not recycled. For instance, in Nairobi, the capital city, over 2,400 tons of solid waste are generated every day, but only 45% is recycled, against a target of 80% (NEMA, 2014). The resource recovery is impeded by poor waste collection and recycling infrastructure, inadequate funding, and a lack of awareness about circularity among stakeholders. Kenya continues to experience high levels of food loss and waste (FLW) with 20-40% of the food being lost or wasted (Liebetrau, 2019; TechnoServe, 2023). In addition, every Kenyan throws away an average of 99 kilograms of food every year or a total 5.2 million tonnes every year, which costs the economy KES 72 billion (UNEP, 2021). High FLW is driven by lengthy value chains, poor storage and handling, limited market infrastructure to support food recovery and limited awareness about food preservation. While considerations for FLW reduction are urgent for enhancing efficiency of resources and minimizing environmental degradation, the country lacks a framework for food recovery or redistribution. Agroecology can provide a holistic approach to circularity and waste management in production, post-production and consumption. 2.2.5 Gender and social inequalities Gender inequalities and other forms of marginalization affect people’s access to healthy diets (Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, 2018). Disproportionate access 20 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 to and control over land remains a big challenge with 75.2% of women not owning any agricultural land compared to 66.4% of men (KNBS and ICF, 2023). In addition, indigenous people living around conservation areas suffer greater injustice in access to land, despite being guardians of local ecosystems. Some indigenous communities have continued to demand and claim restitution of their traditional land rights on the basis that they were dispossessed through historical and prevailing discriminatory legal processes. This is against the Constitution of Kenya and other laws recognizing that indigenous people and their communities have an historical relationship with their lands, and have developed over many generations a holistic traditional scientific knowledge of their lands, natural resources and environment. Limited access to credit and financing varies in Kenya varies significantly among men, women and youth. While only 11.6% of Kenya`s population was excluded from financial services, the youth aged 18 -25 years were more financially excluded at 22.5% of the population (FinAccess, 2021). On average, 85.9% males’ access formal finance compared to 81.4% of females. However, access through informal channels by women in 2021 stood at 6% compared with 3.2% among men. Within the agricultural sector, women account for 70% of the agricultural labour force, but receive only 10% of the funding. This situation is compounded by gendered interventions, where most support is geared towards higher value enterprises. These enterprises are likely to be owned by men, therefore excluding women and youth. This disparity underscores the need for targeted financial initiatives to improve access for these marginalized groups. Unequal participation in labour market persists, with women disproportionately burdened by unpaid care work. Rural women often spend long hours on family care, therefore constraining their ability to engage in agriculture and income generating activities. Additionally, most time-saving technologies have not been not been tailored to specifically meet women’s needs. These outcomes are driven by unequal gender norms, gendered division of work, and institutional and structural constraints (ILO, 2023). The uneven distribution of hunger and nutrition reflects the unequal power dynamics within global food systems. In Kenya, smallholder farmers find themselves at a a disadvantage, due to limited control over productive and financial resources. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 21 Consequently, food sovereignty issues remain key for the future of food system. Food sovereignty is the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, as well as their right to define their own food and agriculture systems (Declaration of the International Forum for Agroecology, Nyéléni, 2015). The protection and use of natural resources by communities are prescribed globally under the principle of access and benefit sharing. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture provides for conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of their use. This is in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, for sustainable agriculture and food security. However, access and benefit sharing principles relating to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture have not been domesticated in Kenya. Nonetheless, there are initiatives to document genetic resources and their associated traditional knowledge at county level and national repository. This documentation is being undertaken for purposes of promotion and protection in 13 counties under the Traditional Knowledge and Culture Expressions Act of 2016. While the legal framework is in place, there is still limited recognition of communities as the owners of plant and animal genetic materials. In view of the inequalities in access to resources, finance, labour markets and food systems, agroecology places a strong emphasis on human and social values. Agroecological approaches aim to tackle gender inequalities by creating opportunities for women and other marginalized groups, fostering greater inclusivity and empowerment within agricultural practices. 2.2.6 Funding for agriculture and mainstreaming of agroecology Kenya`s share of agriculture spending in the national budget remains below the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) target of 10%. In the year 2021/22, the share of Agriculture, Rural and Urban Development sector funding was 3.3% of total exchequer issue (Figure 8). Large portions of the budgets are directed into providing subsidies that reduce the price of synthetic 22 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 fertilizer and seed (usually hybrid maize), which encourage farmers to adopt high-input industrial agriculture (PSA alliance, 2022). At the county level, the average share of the agricultural sectors budget in total budget is 6.8%. However, some counties, e.g., Uasin Gishu, allocated over 10% of their total budget to agriculture (ASTGS, 2019). Within the county agriculture sector budget, allocations towards sustainable agriculture or agroecological programs are highly varied. In 2021/22, Kakamega County allocated up to 32% of their sector budget on sustainable agriculture programs compared to Homa Bay (17%), Elgeyo Marakwet (9%), Busia (3%) and Kericho (2%) (PELUM, 2022). Figure 8: Total Actual National Government Funding by Sector in 2023/2024 (Controller of Budget, 2024) Based on the current funding model, financing small-scale agriculture is disproportionately low when compared with the importance of agriculture for the country’s GDP. A lion’s share of public budgets for climate, agriculture and development still goes to conventional agro industrial projects that contribute to the current climate, food and biodiversity crises. Further, there is limited funds for research and development and, limited capacity of the counties to tap into existing funding opportunities e.g., climate financing. Interventions to support the agroecology transition should therefore seek to ensure that financial support reaches those who need it: small-scale farmers who put agroecology into practice, and local organizations which support them. For this to happen, there is need for both national and county governments to prioritize agroecology in their programming. 96.09 463.53 76 134.76 689.4 252.49 328.88 211.64 72.85 111.96 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Agriculture, Rural and Urban Development Energy, Infrastructure and ICT Sector General Economic and Commercial Affairs Health Education Governance Justice Law and Order Public Administration and International Relations National Security Social Protection, Culture and Recreation Sector Environment Protection Water and Natural Resources KES billions National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 23 2.2.7 Policy environment on agroecology in Kenya Transformation of food systems towards sustainability requires a robust policy framework to accelerate and scale-up actions to strengthen resilience and enhance adaptive capacity in the relevant sectors. Kenya is guided by various global and national policies and laws that support this transformation. The Constitution of Kenya (2010) Article 43 (1)(c) stipulates that: “every person has the right to be free from hunger and to have adequate food of acceptable quality.” Article 53 further provides for child nutrition as a right. The Constitution also recognizes sustainable development as an important value and principle of governance and grants the right to a clean and healthy environment to all citizens (Article 42 and 43). Similarly, Article 11 recognizes culture as the foundation of the nation and the cumulative civilization of the Kenyan people. A sustainable development path requires prudent exploitation, utilization, management and conservation of the environment and natural resources that minimize waste and pollution. The Kenya Vision 2030, the long-term national development blueprint, together with the Medium-Term Plans (MTPs) recognize the role of the environment and natural resources in achieving this aspiration. MTP III (2018-2022) proposed to establish policies and strategies to promote biodiversity, organic agriculture, and biotechnology and food safety, but these are yet to be fully operationalized (National Treasury and Planning, 2018). The National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy proposes various actions on sustainable production and consumption that will place Kenya on trajectory towards sustainability of livelihood and smallholder empowerment, while ensuring that the diverse needs and interests of various groups in the society are secured. This is in line with the Country’s Fourth Medium Term Plan: Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda for Inclusive Growth (BETA) 2023- 2027 which prioritizes agricultural transformation as a pathway to economic recovery and sustainable development (The National Treasury, 2024). The Constitution and the development agenda therefore set the foundation for the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy. Transitioning towards agroecological systems is central to achieving the multiple and interlinked objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Agroecology can 24 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 help reduce poverty (SDG 1) and inequality (SDG 10), by contributing to decent work (SDG 8) and increasing access to food (SDG 2). In addition, SDG 12 on sustainable production and consumption is a major vehicle for ensuring that we have sustainable agri-food systems. Regulating and reducing emissions and promoting renewable energy (SDG 13), conservation, promoting marine diversity and regulating fishing practices (SDG 14) and reversing man-made deforestation and desertification to sustain all life on earth (SDG 15) are also key goals for driving the agroecology agenda. Adopting agroecology as an agricultural approach can therefore help Kenya to shift to a sustainable and resilient path that provides enough, safe and nutritious food while respecting human rights. The UN Biodiversity Conference (COP 15) recognizes biodiversity (ecosystems, species, and genetic resources) as essential for the sustainable production of food and livelihoods. Kenya is signatory to the Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization1. The UN Climate Conference (COP 27) held in 2022 recognized the priority of safeguarding food security and ending hunger, and vulnerabilities of food production systems to the adverse impacts (UNFCCC, 2022). Several actions are flagged out including sustainable soil and integrated water management, transitioning to sustainable lifestyles and patterns of consumption and production in efforts to address climate change and transitions to low emission and climate-resilient development in line with the Convention, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. To achieve this, IPCC recognizes agroecological principles and practices as key for supporting food security, nutrition, health and well-being, livelihoods and biodiversity, sustainability (IPCC, 2023). Agroecology offers a holistic path towards synergistically achieving targets set by UNFCCC, U.N. Convention on Biological Diversity, the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs. The County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) is prepared by all Counties to guide development over a five-year period. Each County establishes their priority areas of focus depending on their resource endowment, national and local priorities. Most counties have prioritized agriculture, livestock, natural resources as their flagship 1 Regulations on access and benefit-sharing (ABS) were developed before the Nagoya Protocol and are yet to be fully aligned with the new Protocol as well as the Constitution (2010). The ABS are also spread across different national ministries, state agencies and county government. The development of an agroecology strategy is a key enabler and anchor for integrating these principles into the country`s agricultural and food systems National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 25 sectors, these strategies have implications on agroecology. Counties are developing their third cycle of CIDPs with several of them making attempts to integrate agroecological and other innovative approaches in their plan. For instance, Murang’a has developed an Agroecology Development Policy (2022-2032) and County Agroecology Development Act 2022 to guide implementation of agroecological policies and plans in the county (Murang’a County, 2022a, b). Other County Governments such as Vihiga, Elgeyo Marakwet and Busia have integrated some agroecology principles into the plan. Establishing a National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy could support all the counties to adopt sustainable practices into their plans and strategies. The National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy draws upon and shall be complimented by several other guiding national and sectoral policies and strategies (Table 2). Table 2: Policy Framework Linked to Agroecology Sector Framework Description Agriculture Agricultural Policy 2021 The national policy seeks to attain household and national food and nutrition security through innovative and sustainable interventions linked to the country`s long-term development targets. The policy explicitly recommends the promotion of agroecology among other nature-based solutions as way of achieving sustainability and resilience of food systems. This justifies the development of an agroecology strategy as way of realizing these aspirations. Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy (ASTGS) (2019 – 2029) The strategy recognizes the declining biodiversity and need to balance the protection of biodiversity as agricultural systems modernize. The strategy puts emphasis on commercial, largescale, and modern agriculture with a view to securing sustainable food security and mitigating against climate change impacts. The development of an agroecology strategy would provide specific actions to achieving sustainability in agriculture and food systems. Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Strategy (2017-2026) Recognizes the link between sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, climate change, and food security. While CSA proposes a transition to more environment- friendly agriculture, it does not provide a holistic path to transformative and sustainable agrifood systems in line with the full package of the 13 agroecology principles. 26 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Sector Framework Description Agriculture Sessional paper number 3 of 2020 on Livestock policy The broad objective of the Livestock Policy is to utilize livestock resources for food and nutrition security and improved livelihoods while safeguarding the environment. The objective will be achieved by measures to ensure : Improved management of livestock, feed and rangeland resources while promoting social inclusion and environmental resilience; Providing for animal health and food safety to facilitate access to domestic, regional and international markets; Promoting investment in agribusiness, value addition and product development in the Sector; Supporting livestock research and extension services to facilitate innovation and adoption of appropriate technologies ; Promoting cooperation and collaboration between the national and county governments in livestock development; and strengthening the legal and institutional framework. Range Management and Pastoralism Strategy 0f 2021- 2031 The strategy recognizes the declining productivity of rangelands, due to various challenges, such as land fragmentation, encroachment, invasive plant species, poaching, over-stocking, over-grazing, and the adverse impacts of climate variability, characterized by persistent and recurrent droughts. Agroecology can enable the attainment of the strategy’s objectives, which include the implementation of sustainable interventions, mitigation, and adaptation measures that preserve, protect, and sustain the productivity of rangelands. National fisheries policy of 2020 The Kenya National Fisheries Policy, 2020 is designed to improve the management and development of the fisheries sector in Kenya. The policy provides guidance on sustainable management of fisheries resources, enhancement of fish production, and promotion of socio-economic development in the fishing communities. The policy emphasizes the need for effective governance, stakeholder participation, and the use of modern technologies to improve the efficiency and profitability of the sector. It also aims to enhance the value chain of the fisheries sector, improve market access, and promote trade and export opportunities for Kenyan fish products. The policy recognizes the role of women and youth in the fisheries sector and seeks to empower them through capacity building and access to financing. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 27 Sector Framework Description Environment Environment Policy 2013 The policy recognizes the link between agriculture and biodiversity and proposes strategies to enhance biodiversity conservation. The policy recommends the development and implementation of integrated land use management strategies, eco/organic farming, soil policy, access and benefit-sharing mechanisms, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES), and green procurement. An agroecology strategy can support the implementation of these actions. Draft Green Fiscal Incentives Policy Framework (2022) Policy seeks to steer Kenya onto a low-carbon climate- resilient green development pathway through various fiscal and economic mechanisms (National Treasury and Planning, 2022). These include; government planning toward green production and consumption, attracting private sector investment and, climate-resilient and sustainable economy. The agroecology strategy can promote these incentives through, sustainable production and consumption and, equitable ABS. The Green Economy Strategy and Implementation Plan (GESIP) 2016 - 2030 Provides for various actions in, enhancing agriculture infrastructure, developing a natural resource accounting system, pursuing measures such as PES and ABS and, sustainable land management, to facilitate implementation of these actions, an agroecology strategy would be a good anchor for supporting their implementation. The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2019 -2030) Lists major natural ecosystems as forest, woodlands, shrublands, grasslands, deserts, and wetlands and actions to reduce biodiversity loss. The plan also recognizes agroecology as a mechanism for delivering improvements in biodiversity. However, agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors are not prioritized in the plan which provides an opportunity for the agroecology strategy. National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) and National Climate Change Action Plans (2015-17; 2018 -22) Strategies aimed to integrate climate change adaptation and mitigation into all government planning, budgeting and development objectives. Some of the actions envisaged include Nature-based Solutions (NBS) and Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA). Implementation of agroecology strategy simultaneously delivers climate adaptation, mitigation and food security. 28 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Sector Framework Description Environment National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands (2012) The policy seeks to unlock the latent potential of strategic sectors in Northern Kenya and other arid lands, including livestock, tourism, and renewable energy, by addressing distinct challenges specific to these regions. These challenges include closing the developmental gap between Northern Kenya and the rest of the country, protecting and promoting the mobility and institutional arrangements essential for productive pastoralism, and ensuring food and nutrition security across the arid and semi-arid lands, where unpredictability is certain to increase as the impact of climate change deepens. The implementation of the Agroecology Strategy will help achieve this potential by promoting sustainable agricultural practices that enhance resilience to climate change, improve food security, and support the livelihoods of pastoralist communities. Health National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (2011); The National Nutrition Action Plan (KNAP) (2012- 2017) and Kenya- Nutrition-Action- Plan (KNAP) (2018-2022) Broadly, the policies recognize that addressing the triple burden of malnutrition requires multisectoral and multidisciplinary approaches and consequently seek to foster cross-sectoral collaboration to sustainably address the social determinants of malnutrition, with the overall aim of ensuring optimal nutrition for all Kenyans. Collectively, the policies also acknowledge the role of agriculture and livestock sectors in; promoting the consumption of safe, diverse, and nutritious foods, strengthening agri-nutrition capacities and coordination at both national and county levels, and coordinating with other sectors for policy, legal, regulatory, and program implementation. Agroecology has the potential to deliver both nutrition dense foods and food safety. Gender and social equity Kenya National Social Protection Policy (2011): National Policy on Gender and Development (2019) These policies seek to ensure that all citizens live in dignity and protected from all adverse shocks and poverty, Further, the policies affirm the need for gender equality and empowerment to enhance participation all groups for the attainment of sustainable development. Agroecology places a strong emphasis on human and social values and therefore seeks to address gender inequalities by creating opportunities for women and other vulnerable groups in the economy. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 29 The policy environment is supportive of achieving the country`s long term goal of middle-income country with a high standard of life whilst adhering to other international blueprints including the SDGs, EAC Vision 2050 and AU 2063 Agenda. Given the lack of a comprehensive national framework to guide the mainstreaming of agroecology, this strategy provides explicit actions that can support food nutrition and security whilst utilizing the natural resources in an equitable and sustainable manner. 2.3 Environmental Scan of Agroecology in Kenya 2.3.1 SWOT analysis The SWOT analytical framework focuses on the key issues facing agrifood systems including food, climate, biodiversity while protecting food sovereignty and seed systems (Table 3). Sector Framework Description Education, Science, Technology, & Innovation (STI) National Research Priorities 2018 – 2022 (2019); National STI Agenda The national research agenda seeks to facilitate the transformation of the economy from a factor-based to a knowledge-based and inclusive sustainable economy. While agroecology is key for this transformation, it has not been explicitly highlighted in the agenda. This strategy seeks to prioritize agroecology research as means of contributing to inclusive and sustainable socio- economic development. 30 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Table 3: SWOT Analysis for the Agroecology in Kenya STRENGTHS • Growing local movements promoting agroecological practices including seed and food sovereignty • The rising number of smallholder farmers using agroecological practices • Existence of rich indigenous, local and diverse knowledge on practices to promote agroecology • Existence of organizations that provide certification of products that follow principles of agroecology • Availability of diverse agroecological innovations and technologies in the agriculture sector • Emerging evidence on the positive impacts of agroecology on the environment, resilience, food and nutrition security and social equity • Potential for co-creation of agroecological practices and knowledge among farmers and other stakeholders WEAKNESSES • Limited mainstreaming of agroecology into existing national and county policies and strategies • Weak coordination mechanisms of agroecology initiatives • Limited documentation of successful agroecological practices and lessons to support uptake and scale up • Most markets for agricultural inputs and outputs favour large scale producers which helps to exacerbate already existing inequities that disadvantage smallholder farmers • Limited market incentives and innovation uptake to support the agroecological transition • Low levels of agri-food due to limited waste collection and recycling infrastructure, inadequate funding, and a lack of awareness of circularity at a household level • Inadequate recognition of communities as owners of plant and animal genetic materials which is partly explained by inadequate legal frameworks to manage access and benefit sharing arrangements • Limited integration of agroecological approaches in research, curriculum and practice • Low capacity to access funding opportunities for agroecology • Limited availability and access to bio inputs by smallholder farmers • Urbanization and shift to unsustainable consumption, poor and unsafe diets, poor attitude toward nutritious foods and high levels of FLW OPPORTUNITIES • Recognition of agroecology`s potential by regional and international conventions, agreements and protocols • Presence of policies that support agroecological principles or practices. • Benchmarking and adoption of best practices from countries where policy reforms have resulted in securing of specific commitments to enable agroecological transition • Mainstreaming of agroecology into new and existing policies and plans • Use of National Green Fiscal Incentives Policy Framework to promote agroecology • Emerging and growing health-conscious population and shifts towards demand for safe, nutritious food • Development of standardized tools and protocols for measuring agroecological transition and the associated impacts • Need to address the rising health burden due to diet related non communicable diseases • Huge export market opportunities in developed countries THREATS • Acceleration of biodiversity loss associated with high-input, resource- intensive production systems which have caused deforestation, water scarcities, soil depletion and high levels of greenhouse gas emissions • Rising adverse impacts of climate change on the agri-food systems • Policy and legal frameworks such as the Biosafety Act which promote genetic modification practices that potentially harm existing biodiversity • Inequity and marginalization of small holder farmers, indigenous communities, women and youth in terms of control over land, credit, markets, extension, training, agricultural R&D and climate adaptation efforts • The social and environmental costs of unsustainable or conventional farming remain invisible in market prices • Large share of public budgets for climate, agriculture and development allocated to conventional agro industrial projects which contribute to the current climate, food and biodiversity crises • Lack of adequate financing that is compatible with longer-term investments in agroecology • Inadequate support for agroecology approaches and programs at policy and practice levels • Urbanization increases conversion of agricultural land into built up areas, reducing the land available for farming • Increased population leading to pressure on land, water, and food production, which results in deforestation, soil degradation, and overexploitation of natural resources National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 31 2.3.2 PESTEL analysis PESTEL analysis considered the political, economic, sociocultural, technological, legal, and environmental factors affecting the mainstreaming and scaling of agroecology in Kenya; Political context: Article 43 of the Kenyan Constitution asserts access to food as a fundamental human right. The State has also a duty to promote and manage resources in a manner that is equitable, efficient, productive and sustainable, and in accordance with the principles of equity, sustainability and sound conservation. In line with this, the Bottom Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA) 2022-2027 has heralded five core pillars of focus: agriculture, enterprise, housing, healthcare, and the digital economy (Kenya Kwanza, 2022). Under the plan, the government targets to enhance food production by transforming two million poor farmers from food deficit to surplus producers through input finance and intensive agricultural extension support. The state further targets to generate a minimum productivity target of key food value chains (maize 8-15 bags an acre, dairy 2.5kg-7.5kg a cow a day, beef carcass weight from 110kg-150kg). Other targets include; reducing dependence on basic food imports by 30 per cent and revamping underperforming and collapsed export crops while expanding emerging ones (coffee, cashew nuts, pyrethrum, avocado, and macadamia). Consistent with agroecology, the plan will support smallholder producers deliver food security and nutrition using local resources sustainably. These commitments will provide opportunities for collaboration between actors in achieving the agroecological transition envisaged in this strategy. Economic context: Kenya became a lower-middle-income state in 2014, driven by sustained economic growth, social development, relative political stability and of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows . Despite, growth in GDP per Capita (Figure 9), the country has a high poverty level estimated at 36.1%, indicating a stagnation in economic inequalities (KNBS,2018). 32 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Figure 9: Selected Economic Indicators for Kenya Economic sustainability is affected by food insecurity, malnutrition, dependence of imports and unemployment. While the country is making efforts in reducing child malnutrition, progress on child stunting is below the global target and undernourishment is rising again (Figure 10). The global hunger index has been rising from 2014, largely driven by drought and food shortage. In addition, Kenya is the largest food and agricultural products importer in Eastern Africa with maize being the main staple food. In 2022, the country envisaged to import at least 900,000 tonnes of maize to plug the supply gap. Ensuring future food sufficiency will require investment in the agricultural sector as well as sustainable use of natural resources. This will also be supported by a significant cohort of unemployed or underemployed youth who need to be supported to overcome the perception that agricultural production and agribusiness is less preferable than white-collar work. Figure 10: Food and Nutrition Indicators for Kenya 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 20 00 20 03 20 06 20 09 20 12 20 15 20 18 20 21 U SD GDP per capita (current US$) 0 10 20 30 40 19 92 19 94 19 97 20 05 20 15 % o f p op ul at io n Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 1992 1994 1997 2005 2015 Sc or e GINI Index 0 10 20 30 40 50 2000 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 2022 Prevalence of stunting among children under 5 years (%) 0 2 4 6 8 2000 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 2022 Prevalence of wasting among children under 5 years (%) 0 10 20 30 40 50 20 00 20 02 20 04 20 06 20 08 20 11 20 13 20 15 20 17 20 19 Anaemia prevelance of non- pregnant women (%) National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 33 Socio-cultural context: Kenya’s food system has undergone structural changes associated with population growth, urbanization, and life expectancy (Figure 11). These dynamics have important implications for dietary behavior and are hastening the transition from consumption of traditional food to less healthy diets. Moreover, socio-cultural factors such as religion, beliefs, food preferences, gender discrimination, education, and women’s employment continue to influence food consumption patterns and nutrition. Figure 11: Development Indicators for Kenya (World Bank, 2020) Technological context: The agroecological transition will require new and existing applications of science, technology, and innovation across the food system. Some of the innovations that are being employed to strengthen food security and nutrition include technologies for combating biotic and abiotic stresses, raising crop and livestock productivity, improving soil fertility and water availability. Other key enablers include climate change mitigation and adaptation technologies, precision agriculture, index-based insurance, early warning systems and technology applications in the agricultural sector, biotechnology and nanotechnology. By 2022, mobile subscription penetration rates in the country were 143.1 per 100 inhabitants. The penetration creates opportunities to use digital platforms to create more awareness on the need for agroecology in Kenya. Environmental context: Kenya’s agricultural resource base is characterized by the “limited availability of productive land with most being arid (52.9%) or semi-arid (19.8%) land. Only 18% of Kenya’s land has medium to high agricultural potential (World Bank, 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 19 90 19 96 20 02 20 08 20 14 20 20 % Population growth (annual %) 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 19 90 19 95 20 00 20 05 20 10 20 15 20 20 % Urban population (% of total population) 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 20 00 20 03 20 06 20 09 20 12 20 15 20 18 20 21 Ye ar s Life expectancy 34 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 2015). Nomadic pastoralism dominates the semi-arid and arid areas that make up most of the land mass. Food production is largely rainfed which when coupled with lack of storage facilities, low levels of food processing, and market failures, leads to food insecurity peaks. During the rainy season, food overproduction leads to falling food prices and high food waste. Climate change is equally evident in Kenya with widespread impacts that include enhanced drought and flood events. Increasing cases of drought- induced food insecurity have been documented with at least 2 million Kenyans needing immediate food assistance in 2024 (NDMA, 2024). Consequently, there are limitations of the Kenyan food system that point to the need for transformation. Legal and policy environment: Food is an economic and social right under the Kenyan constitution. Kenya has several food policies, strategies, and regulatory frameworks to guide its human and economic development agenda. The agriculture policies and laws put emphasis on aspects of agroecology as one of the ways of achieving sustainability and resilience of food systems. However, these policies do not provide specific actions to achieving sustainability. The sectors related to environment recognize the link between agriculture and biodiversity, the need for a low-carbon climate-resilient economy and the value of enhancing agriculture infrastructure to implement Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) and Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). The health-related policies on the other hand seek to deliver safe and nutritious foods for all. Other laws recognize the need for gender equity and inclusion . The Agroecology strategy provides a holistic path to facilitate a transformation towards more productive, sustainable, and inclusive food systems. 2.3.3 Stakeholder analysis Responsibility for scaling up the agro ecological transition transitioning rests with many stakeholders operating at different levels and scale. Consequently, the specific roles of different stakeholders in facilitating and supporting the transition process need to be defined and nurtured. They will include; National government: The national government will play a facilitative role in providing an enabling environment (institutional, legal, financing, infrastructure) upon which the scaling up of agroecology will be based. The principal governments ministries expected National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 35 to play a leading and coordination roles for the implementation of the strategy will include; Agriculture and Livestock Development, Health; Environment, Climate Change and Forestry; Education; East African Community, ASALs and Regional Development and; Investment, Trade and Industry. In addition, key state agencies including the Agriculture and Food Authority, Kenya Dairy Board, Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre (KAGRC), Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service and Kenya Bureau of Standards will work with the government and private sector actors. County governments: The County Governments will play a central role in the implementation of most of the aspects of the strategy. In all instances, cooperation and synergy between counties will be required since some of these actions would transcend county administrative boundaries. Each county will be expected to cascade the strategy, develop plans to actualize its goals and integrate specific strategies into their respective County Integrated Development Plans (CIDPs). Non-State Actors (NSAs): The various NSAs will include local and international NGOs, Community based organizations (CBOs) and producer organizations. The players will complement government initiatives by building capacity, influencing policy, resource mobilization, sector coordination and networking to scale up the transition. These organizations will partner with government in providing financial resources and implementing agroecology projects at the local and national level. Already a few actors are actively engaged in agroecology initiatives, but more participation is envisaged with the finalization of this Strategy. The Private sector: Private sector actors include producers of various crops and livestock commodities, marketers and processors. The sector will be required to complement government funding, promote commercialization of agroecological inputs, products, and practices. The creation of incentives and effective engagement structures will ensure that the private sector investment in agroecology is aligned to its principles and scaled up. The private sector will engage in advocacy on policy and legal issues of the strategy and promote best practices in agroecology. Through corporate social responsibility (CSR), the private sector will support agroecology programs. The sector will be expected to strengthen stakeholders’ umbrella associations for retail, wholesale, and export trading to champion and spearhead stakeholder interest while 36 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 also developing good codes of practice amongst members. It is expected that the associations will enable the effective provision of services related to marketing such as quality assurance, linking producers to markets and capacity strengthening. 2.4 Summary of Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities The situational analysis reveals that there is limited integration of agroecological approaches in the design of food system interventions, characterized by the following key issues; 1. Fragile agri-food systems: This is evidenced by declining productivity in both crop and livestock; degradation of land, water, soils and other ecosystems supporting agricultural production; loss of indigenous varieties and genetic resources for crop and animal production; rising impacts of climate change; declining biodiversity for food and agriculture; poor fertilizer yield response due to rising soil acidity; limited awareness of the potential of agroecology in supporting the much needed food system transformation; limited availability and access to bio inputs by smallholder farmers; and limited market incentives and innovations to support the agroecological transition. 2. Limited access to and consumption of safe, diversified, and healthy diets leading to food insecurity and malnutrition: The trend is associated with shifts in consumer preferences in favor of ultra-processed foods; the direct effects of food marketing exposure; poorly coordinated food markets leading to high food prices and limited access and availability of traditional foods due to cultural shifts focus on production for the market. Inefficient food supply chains are characterized by high transaction costs; increased costs in logistics; information asymmetries and long value chains which increase the carbon footprint. The rising burden of foodborne diseases; increasing incidences of food contamination; high levels of food loss and waste and low levels of circularity for the management of waste are also major issues facing Kenya’s food system. National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 37 3. Weak policy and institutional environment and incentives for supporting agroecology transitioning and scaling up: This is explained by limited mainstreaming of agroecology and other innovative practices into existing national and county policies and strategies; lack of financing that is compatible with longer- term investments in agroecology; inability of smallholder farmers, communities and counties to access funding opportunities for agroecology and, limited financing of small-scale agriculture relative to its importance to the Country’s economy. Equally, a large share of public budgets for climate, agriculture and development still goes to conventional agro-industrial projects that contribute to the current climate, food and biodiversity crises. 4. Limited mainstreaming of agroecology in research, curriculum, and practice: There is limited documentation of successful agroecological practices and lessons to support uptake and scale up agroecology products. 5. Gender and social inequalities: There are gender and social inequalities driven by the uneven distribution of resources and power, leading to the marginalization of smallholder farmers, indigenous communities, women, and youth. Equally, there is inadequate recognition of communities as owners of plant and animal genetic materials including legal frameworks to manage access and benefit-sharing arrangements. Uneven distribution of resources and power coupled with negative social cultural norms lead to disparities in access to opportunities. 38 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 3.1 Overall Goal of the Strategy The overall goal of the Agroecology strategy is to promote a sustainable transformation of the food system in Kenya to ensure food security and nutrition, climate resilient livelihoods and social inclusion for all. The strategy is guided by the following vision and mission: Vision: Resilient livelihoods and sustainable food systems for all. Mission: To promote application of agroecological principles across the food system components for a more inclusive, productive, resilient and sustainable system for all. The transformation of Kenya`s food system is crucial for achieving improved nutrition, resilient livelihoods and greater equity among all citizens (Figure 12). Currently, Kenyans face many challenges, including, food insecurity, malnutrition, economic insecurity and inequalities. At the same time, the current food systems suffer low productivity, soil degradation, biodiversity loss and increasing vulnerability to climate change. Chapter 3: Strategic Framework National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 39 Figure 12: Theory of Change Sustainable consumption and healthy diets Impact Increased climate resillience (adaptation and mitigation) and livelihoods Secure social equity / responsibility Improved resource use efficiency Increased participation by all in food systems Improved food and nutrition security Poor diets, food, pervasive food and nutrition insecurity, food loss and waste Inefficient use of productive resources, soil, water and land degradation, biodiversity loss, vulnerability of agriculture to climate change Limited participation and benefits to vulnerable groups; structure of food system which perpetuate inequality 1. Uptake of agroecological practices 2. Sustainable consumption and healthy diets 3. Creating enabling environment and incentives for transition 4. Agroecological research and extension 5. Securing rights for vulnerable groups and strengthening & political movements Outcome Strategies Underlying Problems 40 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 The theory of change (Figure 12) is hinged on uptake of agroecological principles and practices, leading to improved soil health, sustainable farming, increased crop and livestock productivity and improved adaptation and mitigation to climate change. Achieving the food system transformation will require investments and programs to support the transition, including agroecological research and extension among small scale producers and market actors. Shifts towards sustainable consumption and healthy diets are also vital for improved food and nutrition. The agroecological transition should ensure that the food system governance is inclusive, addressing the needs of the small-scale producers and the marginalized communities. This includes prioritizing the affordability and availability of nutritious food, promoting secure livelihoods and fostering equity. 3.2 Strategic Objectives This strategy seeks to promote the agroecological transition where local communities, small scale food producers, and other actors promote widespread application of agroecological principles and practices to ensure resilient livelihoods and sustainable food systems for all people. The food systems are to be adapted to local conditions and while ensuring that the rights to adequate food, to land and resources and, gender equity are achieved. To achieve this, five strategic objectives have been identified; i. Foster the transition to resilient and sustainable agriculture and food systems through agroecological approaches ii. Promote sustainable consumption and facilitate transition towards healthy and sustainable diets for all iii. Create an enabling environment and incentives for agroecology transitioning and scaling up iv. Strengthen research, innovation, and training, to foster co-creation, and co- learning on agroecological approaches v. Enhance social equity, inclusion, and participatory governance in the food system To achieve these strategic objectives, several strategic actions have been identified (Section 3.3). National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 41 3.3 Strategic Areas of Focus 3.3.1 Transition to resilient and sustainable food systems through agroecology Conventional agricultural models are leading to high emissions of greenhouse gases and negative effects on biodiversity and soil health. Kenya has been experiencing successive impacts of climate change resulting in substantial socio-economic losses. Climate change is also expected to increase the incidence of drought, floods, crop and livestock pests and diseases and productivity decline. This strategy focuses on four key issues that are critical in promotion and uptake of agroecological practices: how to increase resource use efficiency and productivity in agricultural production landscapes; building capacity of actors in the agricultural, innovative systems to support uptake of agroecology, facilitating integrated ecosystem restoration in landscapes and conservation and use of indigenous/locally managed seed and livestock breeds. Strategic area 1: Increase resource use efficiency and productivity in agricultural production landscapes i. Map and profile enterprise suitability for the different agro ecological zones ii. Promote practices that enhance on-farm diversification through crop, livestock, trees and fisheries combination for healthy food, income, and ecosystem restoration iii. Enhance the use of natural solutions for holistic crop and animal health that make use of locally available resources and ecosystem services iv. Facilitate adoption of farm practices that enhance water harvesting, storage and water use efficiency in agricultural systems; and the creation of watering points to ensure adequate supply of water for livestock and pasture v. Facilitate adoption of sustainable soil health to allow for regeneration of farmlands and grazing lands vi. Promote alternative techniques for assessment of the health of agroecosystems including soil health, and biodiversity 42 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 vii. Promote adaptable precision farming technologies and use of digital innovations in food systems` monitoring and management viii. Adopt holistic grazing management approaches that consider the ecological, economic, and social aspects of sustainable livestock production Strategic area 2: Strengthen mechanisms for production, distribution and use of locally produced agroecological/organic inputs i. Promote awareness on the benefits and use of agroecological/organic inputs ii. Strengthen local production, exchange (sharing and sale) and distribution of agroecological/organic inputs iii. Provide incentives for local research, registration (including harmonization of those inputs with dual purpose) and standardization of organic agro inputs iv. Promote the use of alternative and locally available feed resources, such as crop residues, agro-industrial by-products, and native forage plants, to reduce dependency on commercial feed and enhance feed security Strategic area 3: Facilitate integrated ecosystem restoration in landscapes i. Map and profile critical ecosystems that enhance productivity of food systems to guide design of restoration interventions ii. Facilitate holistic land use planning to create spaces for human use, production and biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration iii. Promote collective action and landscape approaches in the restoration of ecosystems across all agroecological zones iv. Facilitate capacity building and awareness creation on the importance and benefits of conservation and restoration of ecosystem resources associated with agri-food systems and biodiversity v. Promote incentive models that support ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation in agrarian landscapes National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 43 vi. Promote the establishment and management of diverse pasture systems incorporating a mix of grasses, legumes, trees, shrubs and native species to enhance biodiversity, soil health, and forage availability vii. Enhance conservation of pollinators and pollination services that support agriculture and food production Strategic area 4: Promote conservation and use of indigenous/locally managed seed and livestock breeds i. Facilitate the mapping and profiling of indigenous seed and livestock breeds ii. Protect the ownership of indigenous seeds and livestock breeds and their use by communities iii. Build the technical and infrastructure capacity for establishment of community seed banks and farmer managed seed systems iv. Promote seed exchange mechanisms (sharing and sale) among stakeholders and with the national seed bank v. Promote an enabling environment and financing of genetic resources centers for indigenous/locally managed seed and livestock breeds 3.3.2 Sustainable consumption and transition towards healthy, diverse and sustainable diets for all Sustainable consumption offers a holistic approach to minimizing the negative environmental impacts from consumption systems while meeting the needs of the present and future generations, through good use of resources, improving energy efficiency, providing access to basic services and ensuring a better quality of life for all. It also involves the shift to sustainable healthy diets — while also improving livelihoods and equity in the food system. Considerations for circularity and waste management and food loss and waste (FLW) management are critical in enhancing efficiency of resources and minimizing environmental degradation. 44 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Thus, sustainable consumption is anchored around: facilitating the shift towards healthy, safe and sustainable diets, transition to circularity, promoting and consumption of indigenous foods and protection of traditional food culture. Strategic area 1: Facilitate the transition towards healthy, safe and sustainable diets for all i. Promote consumption of diverse safe and healthy diets in communities, public and private institutions ii. Promote One Health approach (health interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment) to strengthen food safety, enhance resilience and minimize, control of diseases iii. Enhance investment and innovations to reduce Food Loss and Waste (FLW) iv. Strengthen social initiatives in food consumption and distribution (such as food rescue/donations) as part of sustainable consumption and sharing economy v. Promote digital food platforms for procurement of safe, nutritious, and affordable foods vi. Promote agroecology in urban and peri-urban agriculture Strategic area 2: Promote transition to a circular food system i. Strengthen awareness creation among stakeholders on different models and approaches of circularity in food systems ii. Enhance mechanisms for food waste management (reduce, recycle, reuse) among food system stakeholders iii. Establish and strengthen partnerships among stakeholders on circularity initiatives in the food system iv. Provide economic and financial incentives to promote circularity in the food system National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 45 v. Promote equitable access to green energy sources for production and household food preparation such as solar, biogas, wind power etc Strategic area 3: Promote consumption of indigenous foods and protection of traditional food culture i. Promote behaviour change to increase consumption of traditional and indigenous foods through awareness campaigns, and development of recipes and transfer of food preparation skills ii. Promote cultural food / harvest festivals integrated into national and county government plans iii. Support documentation and information sharing on traditional foods and associated cultures iv. Leverage on digital platforms to promote traditional foods and cultures 3.3.3 Enabling environment and incentives for scaling up agroecology The development, implementation and scaling up of agroecology requires an appropriate enabling environment and incentives to overcome structural constraints that perpetuate unsustainable and inequitable models of agricultural production (AFSA, 2017; HLPE, 2019). This strategy lays emphasis on four key issues that are currently constraining agroecological transitions: policy, legal and regulatory environment, financing of agroecology, market incentives and, access and benefit sharing arrangements. Strategic area 1: Strengthen the policy, legal and institutional framework for agroecology i. Enhance policy coherence to eliminate obstacles and biases that work against the agroecological transition and mainstream agroecology across relevant sectors ii. Establish comprehensive performance metrics and indicators for monitoring and evaluation of agroecology-related policies, plans and financing 46 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 iii. Support counties to domesticate and implement the National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation iv. Support the domestication of the relevant protocols including the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and the development of legal framework for Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) relevant in agriculture and food systems v. Establish multisectoral and intergovernmental coordination mechanism for agroecology vi. Advocate for policies and incentives that support sustainable pasture and rangeland management including research on efficient fodder and range productivity Strategic area 2: Develop and promote sustainable financing models for scaling up of agroecology i. Mainstream agroecology in the sector plans and budgetary allocations at both national and county government ii. Create awareness and support agroecology actors to access existing and emerging green and climate financing as a lever for mainstreaming the agroecological transitions iii. Strengthen resource mobilization and funding for agroecology through Public and Private Partnerships and other new financing mechanisms such as PES iv. Promote appropriate funding models that address special needs of actors in agroecology v. Develop innovative mechanisms to improve access to affordable and accessible financial services to livestock keepers and other value chain actors Strategic area 3: Develop and create incentives for scaling up agroecology i. Create subsidy programs to support agroecology National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 47 ii. Build capacity of smallholder farmers and other actors in the agroecology sector to access benefits from market-based conservation programs such as carbon credits, eco labeling and PES schemes iii. Promote awareness and education targeting local communities on ABS issues relevant in agriculture and food systems iv. Promote access and use of appropriate technologies and equipment v. Identify and engage grassroots, national and regional agroecology champions in promotion of Agroecology vi. Develop customized insurance products for agroecological enterprises Strategic area 4: Strengthen value addition, markets, and trade i. Promote use of agroecology foods and products in public and private institutions (schools, hospitals, correctional facilities), social protection and humanitarian relief programs ii. Implement mechanisms for cost effective, participatory certification systems including, traceability systems, standards and labeling of food products and farming practices that align with agroecology iii. Establish and/or strengthen agroecology actors and actor associations to support acquisition of inputs and the local and international marketing of products and services iv. Establish infrastructure and systems that support the acquisition and use of inputs that align with agroecological approaches and practices v. Promote the application of agroecological principles and practices in value addition and agro-processing vi. Increase marketing of livestock and rangeland resources for improved livelihoods of pastoral communities vii. Strengthen the capacities of producers and marketing groups production, processing and storage of livestock products 48 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 3.3.4 Research, innovation, training, and co-creation on agroecological approaches Research and innovation (R&I) are key drivers in accelerating the transition to sustainable, healthy and inclusive food systems from primary production to consumption. Yet current research and innovation in agriculture and food research is conducted in sectoral or disciplinary silos without clearly linking the different aspects of the food systems. Similarly, transdisciplinary approaches, which are an important component of agroecological research are less common in Sub–Saharan Africa (SSA). On the other hand, existing agricultural extension and training systems need to move beyond conventional agriculture and emphasize agroecosystem sustainability. This should be implemented using generated innovation platforms capable of transforming the food system. This strategy focusses on strengthening agroecological research and training, as well as enabling extension and advisory services to promote agroecology. Strategic area 1: Mainstream Research on agroecology in the country’s National Agriculture Research System (NARS) i. Identify gaps of public and private stakeholders as a basis for research prioritization on agroecology ii. Promote multi-stakeholder partnerships to support agroecological research agenda setting and information sharing iii. Promote participatory validation and evidence-based assessment of the effects and impacts of agroecological approaches on key aspects of the food systems such as food security and nutrition, resilience and food safety iv. Enhance resource mobilization for agroecology research and extension, including allocating share of the national research funds to agroecology v. Integrate Agroecology in the education curricula at all levels vi. Matching of suitable agroecological practices with agroecological zones and enterprises National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 49 Strategic area 2: Strengthen extension and centres of excellence to promote agroecology i. Facilitate technical assistance and capacity building to both public and private extension service providers to deliver effective extension in agroecology ii. Package and mainstream agroecology in extension services iii. Promote appropriate extension approaches and methodologies towards co- learning and sharing of knowledge iv. Establish an agroecology knowledge repository (including hubs and centres of excellence) to facilitate documentation and sharing of agroecological practices, while honoring local sovereignty and ownership of knowledge v. Tailor extension services and training to meet the needs and constraints of vulnerable and marginalized groups, including promoting social equity vi. Strengthen digital and physical innovation platforms to support dissemination of agroecology research and information Strategic area 3: Revitalization of traditional food ways and associated Indigenous technical knowledge i. Document, promote and protect local knowledge and practices that support agroecology ii. Establish a demonstration center on innovative agroecology practices by farmers iii. Promote awareness and education targeting local communities on ABS issues relevant in agriculture and food systems (seed and food harvest festivals, exchange visits etc.) iv. Promote and mainstream consumption of diverse indigenous foods in public institutions 50 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 v. Support mapping and documentation of indigenous seed varieties and livestock breeds to enable local and indigenous communities to sustain and revitalize their food cultures for sustainability of their cultures (community registers, county register and national repository) 3.3.5 Social equity, inclusion and participatory governance in the agri-food system The Constitution of Kenya 2010 (Articles 21 and 43) recognizes the socio-economic and cultural rights of all citizens with a special attention to the needs of vulnerable groups such as women, youth, persons living with disabilities and members of minority or marginalized communities. Agroecology places a strong emphasis on human and social values by creating opportunities for women and other vulnerable groups. Similarly, the food system is characterized by uneven distribution of resources and power which lead to unequal access to food. Thus, food and seed sovereignty remain key for the future of food system. This strategy addresses two issues that are critical in securing social equity and responsibility in the food system – promoting interventions that guarantee rights to land, productive resources and access to services for vulnerable groups and strengthening social and political movements for a more equitable food system. Strategic area 1: Facilitate access and control to productive resources by women, youth, vulnerable groups, marginalized groups and indigenous communities i. Strengthen mechanisms that guarantee secure access to productive resources required for agroecology transitioning ii. Scale up interventions which would allow women as well as men to better combine reproductive and productive work iii. Promote technologies and practices that enable meaningful participation of women and Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) iv. Promote the development and scale up of financial products that meet the needs of vulnerable groups National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 51 Strategic area 2: Enhance equitable participation and meaningful engagement in food systems transformation i. Strengthen participatory food system governance to address power inequalities in agriculture and food systems ii. Enhance recognition and fulfillment of producer and consumer rights to empower people most at risk of food insecurity and malnutrition iii. Increase the capacity of communities to engage in the food system decision making and policy processes iv. Support dignified and robust livelihood for all actors engaged in the food system based on fair trade and fair labor practices 52 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 The implementation of this Strategy will involve multisectoral and multidisciplinary State and non-State actors at both the National and County levels. These actors will be responsible for either implementing the Strategies outlined in Chapter three or coordination of actors and collective actions in the Strategy. In addition, the execution of the Strategy will require financial resources and technical support from both the public and private sector. Further, a robust system for monitoring and evaluation and, risk management is necessary for efficient implementation of the strategic actions. This chapter highlights the coordination and implementation functions, the financing mechanisms, risk analysis and mitigation, monitoring and evaluation, information and knowledge management, while also providing for review of the Strategy document. 4.1 Coordination Mechanism and Institutional Set-up for Strategy Implementation The state actors involved in the implementation of the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy will include Ministries, Departments and Agencies at both the national and county levels, while non-state actors will include private sector associations, development partners and Community Based Organization. Effective implementation of the Strategy will require coordination of the efforts of the various actors to focus and synergize the actions and strategy interventions outlined in Chapter three. Chapter 4: Strategic Implementation National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 53 The respective line Ministries, Departments and Agencies at the National level will be responsible for their assigned mandates in line with existing Executive Orders, internal monitoring, evaluation and reporting on their respective responsibilities. At the County level, the Departments for Agriculture, Environment, Health and Education will be responsible for their assigned mandates in relation to Agroecology. The Departments will develop and implement work plans for transitioning to Agroecology. The Agroecology Strategy Implementation Summit will comprise Principal Secretaries (PSs) of the relevant departments within the Ministries of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Health; Environment, Climate Change and Forestry; Education; East African Community, ASALs and Regional Development; Investment, Trade and Industry and; Water, Sanitation and Irrigation. Others are Ministries of Co-operatives and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and National Treasury. Representatives of the Development partners and National Farmers’ Association will also be in the Summit. The Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA) will be the secretariat of the Summit. In collaboration with Council of Governors (COG), the Summit will provide overall policy guidance on agroecology implementation in Kenya (Figure 13). 54 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Figure 13: Coordination Structure and Institutional Setups Technical Line Department at County Level Agroecology Value Chain Associations Agroecology Value Chain Actors CASSCOM TWG on Agroecology National Technical Committee on Agroecology Non State Actors (CSOs, Private Sector Reps, Development Partners) ISFAA Agroecology Secretariat JASSCOM Council of Governors AGROECOLOGY SUMMIT PSs responsible for Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Health, Cooperatives, Environment, ASALs, Education, Water, Irrigation, National Treasury, Committee of CoG Rep, National Farmers’ Association, Rep. ISFAA Key Direct Indirect National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 55 4.1.1 Coordination of agroecology functions at the national level The National Technical Committee on Agroecology will be established at the national level, to coordinate the mainstreaming and implementation of agroecology policies and practices across all sectors (Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Health, ASALs, Education, Trade, Cooperatives, Water and Environment) in Kenya. The committee will align its work with the Technical Working Groups (TWGs) established under Joint Agriculture Sector Steering Committee (JASSCOM) and may where, necessary, establish additional TWGs; the TWGS will address issues under various Strategy Objectives, namely (i) fostering the transition to resilient and sustainable agriculture and food systems; (ii) promoting sustainable consumption and facilitate transition towards healthy and sustainable diets; (iii) creating an enabling environment and incentives for agroecology transitioning and scaling up; (iv) strengthening research, innovation, and training, to foster co-creation, and co-learning on agroecological approaches; and, enhancing social equity, inclusion and participatory governance in the food system. The National Technical Committee will be responsible for the following: 1. Overall coordination of Strategy Implementation 2. Collective determination and advising the line Ministries and agencies, as appropriate, on measures to be undertaken to achieve the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy objectives 3. Assessing progress and steering the consolidation of reports on the achievement of Strategy implementation results (outputs and outcomes) 4. Facilitating sector-wide linkages with regional or international initiatives on Agroecology In line with the Intergovernmental Relations Act (2012), the National Technical Committee on Agroecology will comprise the following institutions and actors, but not limited to; 1. Line Ministries responsible for Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Cooperatives, Health, Environment, Education, Water, Irrigation, ASALs and National Treasury 56 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 2. Representative of the Council of governors 3. Representative of the Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA) 4. Representative of farmers and growers’ organizations 5. Research and Academia 6. State Agencies including Agriculture and Food Authority (AFA), Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and, Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 7. Kenya Representative of Civil Society Organizations 8. Two representatives of processors or manufactures and marketing organizations 9. Representative of Development Partners 10. Representative of Consumer organizations 11. Representative of other stakeholder groups that may be coopted by the committee 4.1.2 Coordination of agroecology functions at the county level A Technical Working Group will be established within County Agricultural Sector Steering Committee (CASSCOM) with the following roles and responsibilities as envisaged under the Intergovernmental Relations Act (2012); 1. Domestication and mainstreaming of the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy in CIDPs and coordination of development of annual work plans 2. Overall County coordination of domesticated Strategy Implementation 3. Collectively determining and advising the respective CECMs, as appropriate, on measures to be undertaken for implementation of this Strategy 4. Develop and supervise the adoption the County action plan National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 57 5. Assessing progress and steer the consolidation of reporting and reports on the achievement of Strategy implementation results (outputs and outcomes) 6. Facilitate regular communication and flow of information on Agroecology management systems 7. Facilitate sector-wide intra and cross-county linkages on Agroecology In line with the Intergovernmental Relations Act (2012), the County Technical Committee on Agroecology will comprise the following institutions and actors, but not limited to; 1. Departments for Agriculture, Livestock Fisheries, Health, Education and Environment 2. Regional/County Offices responsible for AFA and KEPHIS 3. Representatives of Farmer Organizations 4. Representative of Regional Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM) 5. Representative of Civil Society organizations at the regional level 6. Representative of Development Partners working within the County 7. Representative of Food Transporters/logistics organizations working within the county 8. Representatives of universities, academic institutions, and research organizations 9. Representatives of other stakeholder groups that may be nominated by the committee 4.2 Financing of Strategy Implementation The National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy implementation will require a range of financial resources and technical support. Financing a systemic, multifunctional approach such as agroecology requires holistic thinking, coordinated, and long-term funding. The financial resources for the execution of strategies outlined in Chapter Three will be allocated and utilised by implementing actors in line with their 58 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 commercial or public interests aligned to Agroecology principles and the strategies in this document. The actors will be required to enhance allocation of resources for greater alignment of practices to agroecology principles in existing agricultural and food systems, where appropriate. Further, projects and programmes that aim to have agroecology mainstreamed in the agriculture and food systems will be promoted and depending on which stage of the food supply chain, be domiciled within the line Ministries or Departments responsible for crops, livestock, health, education or environment depending as per the respective focus areas and mandates in the strategy implementation. It`s estimated that KES 26.8 billion will be required to implement the Strategy (Table 4). Table 4: Estimated Budget for the Strategy Implementation Strategic Pillar Budget (KES 000’ millions) 1. Transition to resilient and sustainable food systems through agroecology 8,525.00 2. Promote sustainable consumption and facilitate transition towards healthy and sustainable diets for all 2,595.00 3. Creating an enabling environment and incentives for agroecology transitioning and scaling up 4,150.00 4. Strengthen research, innovation, and training, to foster co-creation, and co-learning on agroecological approaches 6,425.00 5. Social equity, inclusion and participatory governance in the food system 1,590.00 Subtotal 23,285.00 15% of administration (include aspects of coordination, planning, M&E) 3,492.75 TOTAL 26,777.75 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 59 Funding and finance for agroecology will require investments by governments, donor agencies and private investors. Each of the funding models will require diversity and flexibility within a diverse ecosystem of funders who can align with one another to collectively deliver the objectives of the strategy. 4.2.1 Public financing Public financing at the national and devolved levels will be through annual budgetary allocations and formulated programmes that focus on agroecology. Government at either level will increase funding to address public interventions in line with their respective functions, mandates and responsibilities outlined in the Constitution 2010 and Executive Orders issued from time to time. Resources from the national government will focus on objective No. 5. on policy and enabling environment and funding of genetic resources centers for indigenous/locally managed seed and livestock breeds; while also supporting, together with other partners, resources for coordination and implementation of objectives 1,2,3 and 4. The two levels of Government will also be responsible for mobilizing resources from partners to support targeted programmes and projects addressing agroecology initiatives, and, where necessary, provide fiscal and other incentives for greater adoption and mainstreaming of agroecology principles and practices. 4.2.2 Partner support Support for coordination and the execution of specific strategic interventions from Development Partners will be refocused to align with National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy priorities. Government and other actors will continue to advocate and mobilize resources from development partners using the Strategy as a selling point to mobilize resources for various projects and programmes targeted at Agroecology. The line Ministries, either collectively, or individually will lobby Development Partners to prioritize funding for new programmes that align with the Strategy. Additional funding will be sought for mainstreaming of agroecology practices in current agriculture, health, education and environment related programmes. 60 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 4.2.3 Private sector financing All value chain players currently in practice within the agriculture and food systems space will continue to invest in measures that employ agroecology practices and principles. Commercially oriented and non-profit institutions engaged in agriculture and food systems will be required to enhance allocation of financial resources to address the interventions that cover Agroecology practices outlined in Chapter 3 in line with their commercial or public interest. 4.3 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting Monitoring, Evaluation (M&E) and Reporting will be critical for measuring the progress and effectiveness of the National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy ‘s implementation. M&E will help the government and other actors involved in the implementation of the strategy to assess progress towards achieving its objectives. It will also enable the identification of areas needing improvement and therefore contribute to ensuring the Strategy is effectively implemented and its intended outcomes are realized. An M&E framework outlining Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) aligned with the overall objectives of the strategy. The framework will provide clear benchmarks for performance evaluation using measurable metrics that reflect the progress and success of the strategy. The KPIs will serve as a tool to monitor outcomes, identify challenges, and ensure continuous improvement throughout the implementation process. Comprehensive data collection tools will be designed and implemented, with clear indicators to address data needs and requirements for key benchmarks including the tracking of important national metrics related to food system transformation, such as the reporting on CAADP, Kenya’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and other relevant goals. The data collection process may include surveys, assessments, financial data, operational statistics, and other relevant information, ensuring a robust and accurate measurement of progress across various sectors. Regular and consistent reporting, essential for keeping stakeholders informed about the strategy’s progress will be undertaken at the various levels of implementation at both National and county levels. Reporting will provide both quantitative and National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 61 qualitative data, highlighting achievements, challenges, and areas where adjustments will be need to be made. Reporting structures outlining formats and frequencies for providing updates on the strategy implementation progress with clear outputs and outcomes results/indicators and associated means of verification will be established. Stakeholders with specified information needs will be identified and reports tailored to address different information needs. The M&E reports will be also structured to ensure findings from monitoring and evaluation activities can be used to continuously improve strategy implementation and inform future programming on agroecology. 4.4 Knowledge Management and Communication A knowledge Management framework aligned to the Knowledge Management Policy for Kenya will be developed. The Knowledge Management Policy (2022) provides for a multipronged approach towards achieving a knowledge-based economy and building platforms for knowledge exchange by encouraging cooperation among knowledge- generating institutions and development agencies. Knowledge management will focus on knowledge creation; capture: organization: storage: knowledge retrieval: sharing/ transfer; learning and training; knowledge validation; knowledge governance: and performance measurement. Knowledge management will foster an environment that encourages the efficient and effective flow of knowledge among actors and stakeholders within the Agroecology landscape. The knowledge management framework will focus on ensuring that the right knowledge is available to the right actors and stakeholders at the right time, leading to better decision-making, improved innovation, and increased productivity. Knowledge management framework under the strategy will focus on coordinating and structuring data collection, analysis, reporting and dissemination processes. The Committees established at the National and devolved levels of Government will coordinate knowledge management initiatives. The Committees at the two levels of Government will develop a reporting framework that will link the County and National Government and facilitate horizontal communication between actors at the levels to identify actions that are strategically aligned and contribute to achieving the desired results. 62 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 4.5 Risk and Mitigation The strategy identifies risks and proposes mitigation measures in its design and implementation (Table 5). Table 5: Risk and Mitigation Strategies for the Agroecology Strategy Risks: Risk description Likelihood (1= very low 5 = very high) Impact (1= very low; 5 = very high) Existing controls in place Resistance to change Transformations are generally disruptive, and those invested in the status quo of food system may resist the agroecological transition High High Put in place a multi sectoral/stakeholder change management programme to incorporate best practices in overcoming resistance and rallying the key actors behind the strategy vision. Slow scale-up and adoption barriers An entrenched skepticism and biases against agroecology and a strong tradition of conventional farming practices may slow down impacts from the transition High High Strengthen awareness campaigns, farmer training, and peer-to- peer learning to build trust and demonstrate the long-term benefits of agroecology. Also, Provide regular evidence-based updates on how agroecology has provided solutions Coordination failure Various actors are responsible for governance and management of the food systems. It has always a challenge to coordinate the various actors working within responsible for managing risk in the food system. Medium High Develop and implement clear structure of coordination that embraces cooperation and collaboration National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 63 4.6 Strategy review This Strategy will be reviewed at the end of the ten-year Strategy planning and imple- mentation period or earlier whenever it may be deemed necessary pursuant to policy changes or emerging issues and priorities. Risks: Risk description Likelihood (1= very low 5 = very high) Impact (1= very low; 5 = very high) Existing controls in place Loss of support and buy-in Political leaders are key stakeholders in the strategy implementation. The political good will in support of the food system transformation can be lost due to leadership transitions, following elections at the national and county levels High High Mainstream the agroecological transition and food system transformation national and county long-term goals and plans Ensure the metrics for monitoring buy-in are incorporated in M&E framework Occurrence of pandemics and climatic and socio- economic disruptions Disruptions due to political upheavals, pandemics and other climatic and market shocks can negatively impact implementation High High Put in place a comprehensive preparedness plan Climate change Sudden changes in the climate and the incidence of pests and diseases may affect implementation of the strategy High High Put in place a comprehensive preparedness plan Insufficient resource allocation Financing Shortfall for implementation of the strategy due to fiscal strains at the national and county levels Position agroecology as a priority investment option for government 64 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 References AFSA (2017). 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United Nations Environment Programme. https://catalogue.unccd.int/1679 FoodWaste.pdf UNFCCC (2022). Decision 3/CP.27 Sharm el-Sheikh joint work on implementation of climate action on agriculture and food security https://unfccc.int/sites/ default/files/resource/cp2022 10a01 adv.pdf#page=16 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 69 WHO (2015) WHO estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases: foodborne disease burden epidemiology reference group 2007- 2015. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/ handle/10665/199350/9789241565165 eng.pdf?sequence=1 World Bank (2020) Development indicators for Kenya . Available at: https://databank. worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=2&country=KEN 70 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 Annexes Annex 1: Process of Developing the Strategy This strategy has been prepared through a broad based participatory and consultative approach. The process of developing the strategy followed five (5) key phases; Inception, Baseline assessment and visioning, drafting the strategy, Stakeholder consultation, Technical review and Validation. Figure 1.1: Process of Developing the Strategy i. The initial phase in the formulation process involved various inception activities which included; document review, resource mobilization, mapping of the key stakeholders, development of the strategy formulation roadmap and identification of thematic areas ii. The second phase in the process was a baseline assessment and visioning. This involved a visioning workshop that brought together stakeholders from the government, NGOs, academia and research. The participants in the workshop used various analytical frameworks including SWOT analysis to identify existing gaps and opportunities for the strategy. In this phase the strategic direction, objectives and issues for the Strategy were also identified National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 71 Figure 1.2: Strategy Visioning Workshop iii. The third phase involved synthesis of the outputs of the workshop, review of existing policies and benchmarking of the strategies with global best practices. This was then followed by a technical review of the draft strategy by the officials of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Intersectoral Forum on Agrobiodiversity and Agroecology (ISFAA) members. This and inputs arising from this process were then integrated into the draft strategy. A second consultative workshop bringing together some participants of the visioning workshop and other food system stakeholders was then held to further review the strategy. Additional inputs from the workshop were included before the second draft was taken through an extensive public consultation and participation process iv. The draft strategy was then taken public consultations. This included inviting members of the public to submit memoranda to be included in the strategy. The strategy was also presented to county forums organized in consultation with the CASCOMS through consultative workshops, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The stakeholder consultation was followed by analysis of the stakeholder input, drafting of revised Agroecology Strategy v. The final phase of strategy involved validation of the draft National Agroecology for Food System Transformation Strategy 72 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 A nn ex 2 : N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tr at eg y Im pl em en ta tio n M at ri x St ra te gi c Pi lla r 1: T ra ns it io n to r es ili en t an d su st ai na bl e fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og y St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 1. In cr ea se re so ur ce us e ef fic ie nc y an d pr od uc tiv ity in ag ri cu ltu ra l pr od uc tio n la nd sc ap es i). M ap a nd p ro fil e en te rp ri se su ita bi lit y fo r th e di ffe re nt ag ro e co lo gi ca l zo ne s; 1. N um be r of ag ro ec ol og ic al z on es fo r w hi ch s ui ta bl e en te rp ri se s (c ro ps , liv es to ck , e tc .) ha ve be en id en tifi ed a nd pr ofi le d 2. Im pr ov em en t in fa rm er s’ li ve lih oo ds an d in co m e in ag ro ec ol og ic al z on es w he re s ui ta bl e en te rp ri se s ha ve b ee n im pl em en te d M oA LD , o ffe r co or di na tio n of m ap pi ng ac tiv iti es C oo rd in at in g lo ca l a ct io n N at io na l ag ri cu ltu ra l re se ar ch s ys te m (N A R S) -K A LR O , U ni ve rs iti es , re se ar ch in st itu te , in te rn at io na l re se ar ch c en tr es N G O s to s up po rt th e m ap pi ng 26 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 73 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ro m ot e pr ac tic es th at e nh an ce on -fa rm di ve rs ifi ca tio n th ro ug h cr op , liv es to ck , t re es an d fis he ri es co m bi na tio n fo r he al th y fo od , i nc om e an d ec os ys te m re st or at io n; 1. % o f f ar m er a do pt in g ag ro ec ol og y pr ac tic es in c ro p an d liv es to ck pr od uc tio n 2. H ec ta re s of la nd un de r ag ro ec ol og y pr ac tic es 3. D iv er si ty o f p la nt s an d an im al s at fa rm le ve l 4 N o of t re es in cl ud in g fr ui t tr ee s M oA LD , M oL ; Pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s Pr ov id es po lic ie s pr om ot in g na tu re b as ed , Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es , de m on st ra tio n si te s N G O , F ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , Pr iv at e se ct or ; ca rr yo ut m ap pi ng of la nd s un de r A gr oe co lo gy . ST M T 70 0 74 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )E nh an ce t he us e of n at ur al so lu tio ns fo r ho lis tic c ro p an d an im al he al th t ha t m ak e us e of lo ca lly a va ila bl e re so ur ce s an d ec os ys te m se rv ic es ; 1. S ta nd ar ds e st ab lis he d fo r na tu re -b as ed pr od uc ts 2. N um be r of c er tifi ed na tu re -b as ed pr od uc ts u se d in pl an t, so il, an d an im al pr od uc tio n 3. N um be r of fa rm er s tr ai ne d on a nd us in g fa rm er -b as ed so lu tio ns 4. % o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns , a nd in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e na tu re - ba se d so lu tio ns 5. N um be r of s ub si di es pr om ot in g na tu re - ba se d so lu tio ns K EB S, PC PB ; Pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s In cu ba tio n fo r na tu re , es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio n/ us e of n at ur e- ba se d so lu tio n, Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es , de m on st ra tio n si te s Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio n/ us e of n at ur e- ba se d so lu tio n KO A N , Pr iv at e Se ct or ; ce rt ifi ca tio n bo di es , N G O t o pr om ot e na tu re - ba se d so lu tio ns , im pl em en t po lic ie s fo r na tu re - ba se d so lu tio ns , Pr om ot es ad vo ca cy t o na tu re -b as ed so lu tio n, Pr iv at e se ct or - co m m er ci al iz at io n of in pu ts M T 31 5 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 75 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )F ac ili ta te ad op tio n of fa rm pr ac tic es t ha t en ha nc e w at er ha rv es tin g, st or ag e an d w at er u se ef fic ie nc y in ag ri cu ltu ra l sy st em s; an d th e cr ea tio n of w at er in g po in ts t o en su re ad eq ua te s up pl y of w at er fo r liv es to ck a nd pa st ur e 1. N um be r of w at er ef fic ie nt t ec hn ol og ie s ad op te d by fa rm er s 2. N um be r of fa rm er s an d ot he r us er s ut ili zi ng e ffi ci en t w at er m an ag em en t pr ac tic es 3. N um be r of la st m ile so lu tio ns s up po rt in g ac ce ss t o la rg e w at er st or ag e in fr as tr uc tu re M oA LD , M oW S, W R A - pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s. SD I C G ( Pr ov id es ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is hi ng de m on st ra tio n ), N EM A , W RU A W RU A s Fa rm er g ro up s N G O s M T 30 0 76 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) Fa ci lit at e ad op tio n of su st ai na bl e so il he al th t o al lo w fo r re ge ne ra tio n of fa rm la nd s an d gr az in g la nd s; 1. N um be r of re ge ne ra tiv e an d ag ro ec ol og ic al s oi l he al th e nh an ci ng pr ac tic es d ev el op ed an d te st ed 2. N um be r of fa rm er s ad op tin g re ge ne ra tiv e an d ag ro ec ol og ic al so il he al th e nh an ci ng pr ac tic es 3. A cr ea ge u nd er re ge ne ra tiv e ag ri cu ltu re a nd ag ro ec ol og ic al s oi l he al th p ra ct ic es M oA LD , K A SE P- 2 02 2; Po lic ie s de ve lo pm en t, re vi ew s, N at io na l ag ri cu ltu ra l re se ar ch sy st em (N A R S) - K A LR O , U ni ve rs iti es , re se ar ch in st itu te , in te rn at io na l re se ar ch ce nt re s Pr ov id es ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is hi ng de m on st ra tio n si te s N G O S, Fa rm er s/ fa rm er or ga ni sa tio ns ST 73 0 vi )P ro m ot e al te rn at iv e te ch ni qu es fo r as se ss m en t of th e he al th o f ag ro ec os ys te m s in cl ud in g so il he al th , a nd bi od iv er si ty ; 1. N um be r of te ch no lo gi es de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 2. N um be r of fa rm er s ad op tin g th e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns 3. N um be r of fa rm er s tr ai ne d on t he te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns 4. N um be r of fa rm er s ex po se d th ro ug h de m on st ra tio ns N A R SD , M oA LD . M in is tr y of IC T; p ro vi si on of e na bl in g po lic ie s N at io na l co m m is si on fo r sc ie nc e te ch ; K IP I Es ta bl is hm en t of d em os , Pr ov is io n of ex te ns io n se rv ic es , Pr ov is io n of in ce nt iv es / su bs id ie s Fa rm er s/ fa rm er or ga ni sa tio ns Pr iv at e se ct or ; en ha nc e sc al lin g up of t ec hn ol og y ST LT 20 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 77 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi i)P ro m ot e ad ap ta bl e pr ec is io n fa rm in g te ch no lo gi es an d us e of d ig ita l in no va tio ns in fo od s ys te m s’ m on ito ri ng a nd m an ag em en t. 1. N um be r of d ig ita l te ch no lo gi es de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 2. N um be r. of u se rs tr ai ne d an d re gi st er ed 3. N um be r. of u se rs ad op tin g di gi ta l te ch no lo gi es N IA N A R S M in is tr y of IC T, M oE du c. ; pr ov is io n of e na bl in g po lic ie s Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov is io n of su bs id y an d in ce nt iv es N G O , Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; p ro m ot es up ta ke o f t he te ch no lo gi es M T 20 0 vi ii) A do pt ho lis tic g ra zi ng m an ag em en t ap pr oa ch es th at c on si de r th e ec ol og ic al , ec on om ic , a nd so ci al a sp ec ts of s us ta in ab le liv es to ck pr od uc tio n. 1. N um be r of p ra ct ic es de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 2. N um be r of fa rm er s ad op tin g pr ac tic es 3. A cr ea ge u nd er ag ro ec ol og ic al a nd ho lis tic m an ag em en t M oA LD , M oL ; Pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s Es ta bl is hm en t of d em os , Pr ov is io n of ex te ns io n se rv ic es , Pr ov is io n of in ce nt iv es / su bs id ie s Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; 30 0 78 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. S tr en gt he n m ec ha - ni sm s fo r pr od uc tio n, di st ri bu tio n an d us e of lo ca lly pr od uc ed ag ro ec ol og i- ca l / o rg an ic in pu ts i) P ro m ot e aw ar en es s on th e be ne fit s an d us e of ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts ; 1. N um be r of A gr oe co lo gi ca l i np ut s av ai la bl e to p ro du ce rs 2. N um be r of fa rm er s w ith k no w le dg e of a va ila bi lit y an d be ne fit s of ag ro ec ol og ic al in pu ts 3. N um be r of fa rm er s us in g ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts N G ( Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , PC PB , H C D / A FA , K EP H IS ) Pr ov id e ex te ns io n, su bs id ie s, by la w s Es ta bl is h de m o fa rm s Pr iv at e se ct or , N G O s, FP C , 20 0 ii) S tr en gt he n lo ca l pr od uc tio n, ex ch an ge (s ha ri ng a nd sa le ) an d di st ri bu tio n of ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts ; 1. N um be r of ag ro ec ol og ic al /o rg an ic in pu ts d ev el op ed a nd te st ed 2. N um be r an d di ve rs ity of a gr oe co lo gi ca l pr od uc ts p ro du ce d 3. N um be r of SM Es e ng ag in g in pr od uc tio n of o rg an ic in pu ts 4. V al ue o f i nv es tm en ts in to t he p ro du ct io n of A gr oe co lo gy pr od uc ts 5. N um be r of p ol ic ie s th at in ce nt iv iz e pr od uc tio n an d us e of or ga ni c in pu ts ; N A R S A G /C om pa ny re gi st ra r, Tr ea su ry , M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es an d M ic ro , Sm al l a nd M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, M oA LD Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr iv at e se ct or (K A M , A A K , KO FI M A ) M T 60 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 79 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. S tr en gt he n m ec ha - ni sm s fo r pr od uc tio n, di st ri bu tio n an d us e of lo ca lly pr od uc ed ag ro ec ol og i- ca l / o rg an ic in pu ts i) P ro m ot e aw ar en es s on th e be ne fit s an d us e of ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts ; 1. N um be r of A gr oe co lo gi ca l i np ut s av ai la bl e to p ro du ce rs 2. N um be r of fa rm er s w ith k no w le dg e of a va ila bi lit y an d be ne fit s of ag ro ec ol og ic al in pu ts 3. N um be r of fa rm er s us in g ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts N G ( Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , PC PB , H C D / A FA , K EP H IS ) Pr ov id e ex te ns io n, su bs id ie s, by la w s Es ta bl is h de m o fa rm s Pr iv at e se ct or , N G O s, FP C , 20 0 ii) S tr en gt he n lo ca l pr od uc tio n, ex ch an ge (s ha ri ng a nd sa le ) an d di st ri bu tio n of ag ro ec ol og ic al / or ga ni c in pu ts ; 1. N um be r of ag ro ec ol og ic al /o rg an ic in pu ts d ev el op ed a nd te st ed 2. N um be r an d di ve rs ity of a gr oe co lo gi ca l pr od uc ts p ro du ce d 3. N um be r of SM Es e ng ag in g in pr od uc tio n of o rg an ic in pu ts 4. V al ue o f i nv es tm en ts in to t he p ro du ct io n of A gr oe co lo gy pr od uc ts 5. N um be r of p ol ic ie s th at in ce nt iv iz e pr od uc tio n an d us e of or ga ni c in pu ts ; N A R S A G /C om pa ny re gi st ra r, Tr ea su ry , M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es an d M ic ro , Sm al l a nd M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, M oA LD Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr iv at e se ct or (K A M , A A K , KO FI M A ) M T 60 0 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )P ro vi de in ce nt iv es fo r lo ca l r es ea rc h, re gi st ra tio n (in cl ud in g ha rm on iz at io n of t ho se in pu ts w ith d ua l pu rp os e) a nd st an da rd iz at io n of o rg an ic a gr o in pu ts .1 1. N um be r of r el ev an t st ud ie s co nd uc te d2 . N um be r of o rg an ic un pu ts r eg is te re d/ 3. N um be r of s ta nd ar ds de ve lo pe d an d re le as ed fo r or ga ni c in pu ts 4. N um be r of p ol ic ie s or in ce nt iv es su pp or tin g ag ro ec ol og ic al in pu t pr od uc tio n an d di st ri bu tio n. N A R S, M oA LD , K A LR O , K EB S, U ni ve rs iti es , PC P D ev el op m en t of s ta nd ar ds , ex te ns io n se rv ic es , pr ov is io n of in ce nt iv es N A R N G O , Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; p ro m ot es up ta ke o f t he te ch no lo gi es 27 0 iv )P ro m ot e th e us e of al te rn at iv e an d lo ca lly a va ila bl e fe ed r es ou rc es , su ch a s cr op re si du es , a gr o- in du st ri al b y pr od uc ts a nd na tiv e fo ra ge pl an ts , t o re du ce de pe nd en cy o n co m m er ci al fe ed an d en ha nc e fe ed s ec ur ity . 1. N um be r of lo ca lly av ai la bl e fe ed re so ur ce s av ai la bl e to pr od uc er s 2. N um be r of fa rm er s ha vi ng k no w le dg e of a lte rn at iv e an d lo ca lly a va ila bl e fe ed re so ur ce s N um be r of fa rm er s ut ili zi ng a lte rn at iv e an d lo ca lly a va ila bl e fe ed r es ou rc es M oA LD , M oL ; Pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s Es ta bl is hm en t of d em os , Pr ov is io n of ex te ns io n se rv ic es , Pr ov is io n of in ce nt iv es / su bs id ie s N G O , Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; 25 0 1 R es ea rc h co ve re d un de r 5 a nd st an da rd iza tio n un de r 1 .iip 80 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 3. F ac ili ta te in te gr at ed ec os ys te m re st or at io n in a gr ar ia n la nd sc ap es i) M ap a nd pr ofi le c ri tic al ec os ys te m s th at e nh an ce pr od uc tiv ity o f fo od s ys te m s to g ui de d es ig n of r es to ra tio n in te rv en tio ns 1. N um be r of c ri tic al ec os ys te m s m ap pe d 2. N um be r of c ri tic al ec os ys te m s re st or at io n st ra te gi es de ve lo pe d 3. N um be r of c ri tic al ec os ys te m s re st or ed 4. H ec ta re s of d iff er en t ec os ys te m r es to re d. N G ( M oE , K FS , M oA LD , M oW , K en ya W at er T ow er s, N A R S Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s N G O s, C SO ,, pr iv at e se ct or 25 0 i) Fa ci lit at e ho lis tic la nd us e pl an ni ng t o cr ea te s pa ce s fo r hu m an u se , pr od uc tio n an d bi od iv er si ty co ns er va tio n, ec os ys te m re st or at io n; 1. N um be r of ec os ys te m -b as ed / w at er sh ed -b as ed la nd us e pl an s de ve lo pe d 2. N um be r of la nd -u se pl an s im pl em en te d 3. N um be r of st ak eh ol de rs ca pa ci ta te d an d ad op tin g la nd re st or at io n an d co ns er va tio n N G ( M in is tr y of L an ds , Fo re st ry , En vi ro nm en t, A gr ic ul tu re ), N LC M in is tr y of w at er a nd sa ni ta tio n U rb an pl an ni ng Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s C SO s, C BO s, pr iv at e se ct or , lo ca l c om m un iti es 40 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 81 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )P ro m ot e co lle ct iv e ac tio n an d la nd sc ap e ap pr oa ch es in th e re st or at io n of e co sy st em s ac ro ss a ll ag ro ec ol og ic al zo ne s; 1. N um be r of st ak eh ol de rs ca pa ci ta te d an d ad op tin g la nd re st or at io n an d co ns er va tio n M oA LD , M oE F; M in o f EA C , A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M SM E A ut ho ri ty , N A R s pr ov id es en ab lin g po lic ie s Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s N G O , Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; p ro m ot es up ta ke o f t he te ch no lo gi es 32 0 iv ) F ac ili ta te ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g an d aw ar en es s cr ea tio n on th e im po rt an ce an d be ne fit s of co ns er va tio n an d re st or at io n of e co sy st em re so ur ce s as so ci at ed w ith a gr i-f oo d sy st em s an d bi od iv er si ty ; 1. N um be r an d am ou nt of q ua lit y or ga ni c in pu ts a nd p ro du ct s av ai le d in t he m ar ke t 2. N um be r of fa rm er s/ st ak eh ol de rs ca pa ci ta te d an d aw ar e on im po rt an ce o f co ns er va tio n an d re st or at io n an d of ec os ys te m r es ou rc es in a gr ic ul tu re M oA LD , M oE F, M oE ; p ro vi de en ab lin g po lic ie s Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g 21 0 82 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) Pr om ot e in ce nt iv e m od el s th at su pp or t ec os ys te m re st or at io n an d bi od iv er si ty co ns er va tio n in a gr ar ia n la nd sc ap es . 1. N um be r of ap pr op ri at e in ce nt iv es fo r ec os ys te m s re st or at io n av ai la bl e to fa rm er s 2. N um be r of fa rm er s/ st ak eh ol de rs ad op tin g in ce nt iv e- ba se d m od el s fo r co ns er va tio n 3. A re a of la nd r es to re d th ro ug h th e in ce nt iv e m od el s N G ( M in is tr y of L an ds , Fo re st ry , En vi ro nm en t, A gr ic ul tu re ), N LC Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov is io n of su bs id y an d in ce nt iv es C SO s, C BO s, pr iv at e se ct or , lo ca l c om m un iti es 37 0 vi ) Pr om ot e es ta bl is hm en t an d m an ag em en t of d iv er se pa st ur e sy st em s in co rp or at in g a m ix o f g ra ss es , le gu m es , t re es , sh ru bs a nd na tiv e sp ec ie s to e nh an ce bi od iv er si ty , so il he al th , an d fo ra ge av ai la bi lit y. 1. P er ce nt ag e in cr ea se in t he p ro po rt io n of na tiv e pl an t sp ec ie s in pa st ur e ar ea s. 2. In cr ea se d bi om as s pr od uc tio n (k g/ ha ) fr om d iv er si fie d pa st ur e sy st em s 3. P er ce nt ag e in cr ea se in t he n ut ri tio na l qu al ity ( e. g. , p ro te in , di ge st ib ili ty ) of fo ra ge in d iv er se p as tu re sy st em s. M oA LD , M in of E A C , A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M oE F, N D M A , Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov is io n of su bs id y an d in ce nt iv es N G O , Pr iv at e se ct or , Fa rm er s/ fa rm er gr ou ps ; p ro m ot es up ta ke o f t he te ch no lo gi es 40 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 83 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi i) En ha nc e co ns er va tio n of p ol lin at or s an d po lli na tio n se rv ic es th at s up po rt ag ri cu ltu re a nd fo od p ro du ct io n 1. % r ed uc tio n in co st o f a gr ic ul tu ra l pr od uc tio n 2. In cr ea se d fa rm bi od iv er si ty 3. % o f r ed uc in g us e of p ol lu tin g ag ro ch em ic al s 4. M ea su re t he in cr ea se of d iv er si ty o f po lli na to rs a t fie ld le ve l N at io na l In no va tio n A ge nc y (N IA ) M oI C T N A R S M oE Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s N G O , P ri va te se ct or , c ap ac ity bu ild in g LT 30 0 4. P ro m ot e co ns er - va tio n of fa rm er / pr od uc er m an ag ed se ed a nd liv es to ck br ee ds i) F ac ili ta te t he m ap pi ng a nd pr ofi lin g of fa rm er m an ag ed se ed v ar ie tie s. N um be r of fa rm er m an ag ed s ee d va ri et ie s m ap pe d/ pr ofi le d M oA LD , pr ov id e en ab lin g po lic ie s G eR R I,, N A R S; en ha nc e m ap pi ng a nd pr ofi lin g of se ed s Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Pr iv at e se ct or , C BO s, N G O S, 27 0 84 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ro te ct t he ow ne rs hi p of in di ge no us se ed s an d liv es to ck b re ed s an d th ei r us e by co m m un iti es . 1. N um be r of p ro to co ls fo r ow ne rs hi p an d us e of in di ge no us se ed a nd b re ed s de ve lo pe d. 2. N um be r of n at io na l or lo ca l p ol ic ie s, la w s, or r eg ul at io ns t ha t re co gn iz e an d pr ot ec t th e ow ne rs hi p of in di ge no us s ee ds a nd liv es to ck b re ed s 3. N um be r of co m m un ity -b as ed se ed a nd li ve st oc k ba nk s or r ep os ito ri es es ta bl is he d an d m an ag ed b y in di ge no us g ro up s. 4. N um be r of in di ge no us co m m un ity m em be rs tr ai ne d in t ra di tio na l ag ri cu ltu ra l te ch ni qu es , b re ed in g pr ac tic es , a nd su st ai na bl e se ed sa vi ng . N M K N at io na l In no va tio n A ge nc y (N IA ) M in is tr y of A gr ic ul tu re ), K A R LO , G ER R I, K EP H IS , N D M A Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N A R s FA O , P ri va te se ct or , C BO s, N G O S 40 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 85 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )B ui ld t he te ch ni ca l a nd in fr as tr uc tu re ca pa ci ty fo r es ta bl is hm en t of c om m un ity se ed b an ks a nd fa rm er m an ag ed se ed s ys te m s; 1. N um be r of fa rm er s co lle ct in g, m ul tip ly in g, sh ar in g an d pr es er vi ng co m m un ity m an ag ed se ed s. 2. # o f c om m un ity se ed ba nk s es ta bl is he d. N A R S, K A R LO , G ER R I, K EP H IS Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Pr iv at e se ct or , C BO s, N G O S 38 0 iv )P ro m ot e se ed ex ch an ge m ec ha ni sm s) am on g st ak eh ol de rs an d w ith t he na tio na l s ee d ba nk ; 1. N um be r of s ee d ex ch an ge p ro to co ls (K no w le dg e qu al ity as su ra nc e an d in fo rm at io n ab ou t th e se ed s) fo r sc al in g up fa rm er m an ag ed se ed s sy st em s. 2. N um be r of fa rm er s ac ce ss in g an d pl an tin g qu al ity fa rm er m an ag ed s ee ds N G (M in is tr y of A gr ic ul tu re ), K A R LO , G ER R I, K EP H IS , H C D Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Pr iv at e se ct or , C BO s, N G O S 40 0 86 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 1: F os te r th e tr an si ti on t o re si lie nt a nd s us ta in ab le a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s th ro ug h ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re as A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty / I ns ti tu ti on Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES ) M ill io ns N G C G O th er s ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) P ro m ot e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d fin an ci ng of g en et ic re so ur ce s ce nt re s fo r in di ge no us / lo ca lly m an ag ed se ed a nd liv es to ck b re ed s. 1. N um be r of p ol ic ie s an d le gi sl at io ns re co gn is in g an d pr om ot in g fa rm er m an ag ed s ee d sy st em s (F M SS ) 2. In cr ea se d fu nd in g to G ER R I a nd o th er ge ne tic r es ou rc e ce nt re s/ se ed b an ks N G (M in is tr y of A gr ic ul tu re ), K A R LO , G ER R I, K EP H IS , H C D Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Pr iv at e se ct or , C BO s, N G O S 50 0 T O TA L FO R P IL LA R O N E 8, 52 5 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 87 St ra te gi c Pi lla r 2: S us ta in ab le c on su m pt io n an d tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy , d iv er se a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 1. F ac ili ta te th e tr an si tio n to w ar ds he al th y, sa fe a nd su st ai na bl e di et s fo r al l. i) Pr om ot e co ns um pt io n of di ve rs e sa fe a nd he al th y di et s in co m m un iti es , pu bl ic a nd pr iv at e in st itu tio ns ; 1. N o. o f d iv er se fo od s av ai la bl e in a lo ca l a re a 2. N o. o f h ou se ho ld s co ns um in g di ve rs e sa fe an d he al th d ie ts in t he co m m un ity 3. T he % o f h ou se ho ld t ha t ar e aw ar e of d iv er se a nd sa fe fo od s 4. % r ed uc tio n in le ve l o f co nt am in at io n (p hy si ca l an d m ic ro bi al l) o f f oo d 5. H ou se ho ld d iv er si ty sc or e 6. % o f d iv er se fo od s pr oc ur ed b y pu bl ic a nd pr iv at e in st itu tio ns 7. # o f f oo d sa fe ty in sp ec tio ns a nd ve ri fic at io n re po rt s th at ar e pu bl ic ly a va ila bl e. 8. N o. o f t ra in in g se ss io n co nd uc te d on d iv er se , sa fe ty a nd s us ta in ab le co ns um pt io n 9. N um be r of p ar tic ip an ts at te nd in g tr ai ni ng s M oH , M oA LD , M in is tr y of tr ad e, K N BS , M oE , A FA ( to be in cl ud ed in a no th er in di ca to r) Ex te ns io n, m ar ke tin g, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Pr iv at e se ct or , N G O s- ad vo ca cy , C om m un iti es , fa rm er /p ro du ce r or ga ni za tio ns 20 0 88 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ro m ot e O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch (h ea lth in te rc on ne ct io n be tw ee n pe op le , an im al s, pl an ts , an d th ei r sh ar ed en vi ro nm en t) t o st re ng th en fo od sa fe ty , e nh an ce re si lie nc e an d m in im iz e, co nt ro l o f di se as es ; 1. % o f t he le ve l o f aw ar en es s of o ne h ea lth ap pr oa ch 2. N o. o f a va ila bl e m od el s/ ap pr oa ch es t ha t ha ve be en d ev el op ed a nd te st ed t o de liv er o ne he al th 3. N o. o f i nv es tm en ts a nd in no va tio ns p ro m ot ed to s tr en gt he n on e he al th ap pr oa ch 4. # of p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns an d in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e on e he al th ap pr oa ch 5. % d ec lin e in t he pr ev al en ce o f n on - co m m un ic ab le d is ea se s w hi ch a re d ie t re la te d. 6. N o. o f c er tifi ed n at ur e- ba se d pr od uc ts u se d in p re ve nt in g di se as es in p la nt , h um an a nd an im al s. # t ra in in g se ss io ns t o pr om ot e on e he al th ap pr oa ch # o f p ar tic ip an ts s en si tiz ed on o ne h ea lth a pp ro ac h. M oH , N A R S (d ev el op m en t of m od ul es ), K en ya ve te ri na ry bo ar d, K EP H IS , M oA LD , A FA , T ra de , K EB S, N EM A C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O /p ri va te se ct or , f ar m or ga ni za tio n, tr ac ea bi lit y co m pa ni es 50 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 89 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ro m ot e O ne H ea lth ap pr oa ch (h ea lth in te rc on ne ct io n be tw ee n pe op le , an im al s, pl an ts , an d th ei r sh ar ed en vi ro nm en t) t o st re ng th en fo od sa fe ty , e nh an ce re si lie nc e an d m in im iz e, co nt ro l o f di se as es ; 1. % o f t he le ve l o f aw ar en es s of o ne h ea lth ap pr oa ch 2. N o. o f a va ila bl e m od el s/ ap pr oa ch es t ha t ha ve be en d ev el op ed a nd te st ed t o de liv er o ne he al th 3. N o. o f i nv es tm en ts a nd in no va tio ns p ro m ot ed to s tr en gt he n on e he al th ap pr oa ch 4. # of p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns an d in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e on e he al th ap pr oa ch 5. % d ec lin e in t he pr ev al en ce o f n on - co m m un ic ab le d is ea se s w hi ch a re d ie t re la te d. 6. N o. o f c er tifi ed n at ur e- ba se d pr od uc ts u se d in p re ve nt in g di se as es in p la nt , h um an a nd an im al s. # t ra in in g se ss io ns t o pr om ot e on e he al th ap pr oa ch # o f p ar tic ip an ts s en si tiz ed on o ne h ea lth a pp ro ac h. M oH , N A R S (d ev el op m en t of m od ul es ), K en ya ve te ri na ry bo ar d, K EP H IS , M oA LD , A FA , T ra de , K EB S, N EM A C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O /p ri va te se ct or , f ar m or ga ni za tio n, tr ac ea bi lit y co m pa ni es 50 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )E nh an ce in ve st m en t an d in no va tio ns t o re du ce F oo d Lo ss a nd W as te (F LW ); 1. N um be r of a ct or s tr ai ne d on F LW 2. N um be r of d ev el op ed an d te st ed t ec hn ol og ie s an d in no va tio ns t o re du ce F LW 3. N um be r of a ct or s ad op tin g th e te ch no lo gi es a nd in no va tio ns 4. N um be r of a ct or s ex po se d th ro ug h de m on st ra tio ns o f t he in no va tio ns 5. % L ev el o f r ed uc tio n fo r Fo od L os s an d W as te 6. # o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns an d in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e on e he al th ap pr oa ch 7. N o of a gr ib us in es se s co m m itt ed t o re du ce fo od lo ss a nd w as te 8. % c ha ng e in in ve st m en ts fo r FL W r ed uc tio n M oA LD , M oH , M oE F, A FA , M in is tr y of IC T, K en ya N at io na l in no va tio n A ge nc y (K EN IA ) C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O /p ri va te se ct or , f ar m er or ga ni za tio n, tr ac ea bi lit y co m pa ni es 10 0 90 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )S tr en gt he n so ci al in iti at iv es in fo od C on su m pt io n an d di st ri bu tio n (s uc h as fo od r es cu e/ do na tio ns ) as p ar t of su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d sh ar in g ec on om y; 1. # o f s oc ia l i ni tia tiv es ar ou nd fo od d on at io ns an d re co ve ry . 2. # o f a ct or s se ns iti ze d an d ca pa ci ta te d on fo od do na tio ns a nd r ec ov er y 3. # o f a va ila bl e m od el s/ ap pr oa ch es t ha t ha ve de ve lo pe d an d te st ed t o de liv er fo od d on at io ns 4. # o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns , re gu la tio ns a nd in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e on fo od do na tio n an d re co ve ry 5. # o f h ou se ho ld be ne fit in g fr om fo od do na tio ns . 6. # o f f oo d ba nk s es ta bl is he d 7. N o of s ev er el y fo od in se cu re h ou se ho ld s ac ce ss in g fo od t hr ou gh do na tio ns a nd o th er di st ri bu tio n m ec ha ni sm M oA LD , M oH , M oE F, A FA , M in itr y of IC T, K en ya N at io na l in no va tio n A ge nc y (K EN IA ), M oE C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e C G -id en tif y th e m ar gi na liz ed gr ou ps t o be gi ve n fo od , co nfi rm at io n an d ce rt ifi ca tio n of fo od fo r hu m an pr od uc tio n. In du st ry as so ci at io ns ie R ET R A C Pr iv at e se ct or -h el p in d on at io n of fo od 30 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 91 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) P ro m ot e di gi ta l f oo d pl at fo rm s fo r pr oc ur em en t of sa fe , n ut ri tio us , an d af fo rd ab le fo od s. 1. N um be r of p la tfo rm s fo r pr oc ur em en t of s af e an d nu tr iti ou s an d af fo rd ab le 2. N um be r of d ig ita l f oo d pl at fo rm s th at h av e be en de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 3. L ev el o f a w ar en es s on ex is tin g di gi ta l f oo d pl at fo rm s 4. N um be r of a ct or s us in g di gi ta l p la tfo rm s 5. # o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns , re gu la tio ns a nd in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e fo od d on at io n an d re co ve ry 6. # s en si tiz at io n fo ru m s on e xi st in g an d us e di gi ta l f oo d pl at fo rm s 7. V ol um e of s us ta in ab ly pr od uc ed fo od u nd er pu bl ic p ro cu re m en t 8. S ha re o f p ub lic p ro cu re d fo od s so ur ce d th ro ug h di gi ta l t oo ls a nd pl at fo rm s M oA LD , M oH , M oE F, A FA , M in is tr y of IC T, IC T A ut ho ri ty K en ya N at io na l in no va tio n A ge nc y (K EN IA ), M oE ; M SM E A ut ho ri ty C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e Pr iv at e se ct or - he lp in d on at io n of fo od ; F oo d Ba nk in g & R ed is tr ib ut io n N et w or ks 25 0 92 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi ) Pr om ot e ag ro ec ol og y in u rb an a nd pe ri -u rb an ag ri cu ltu re . 1. N um be r of ag ro ec ol og ic al fa rm s or c om m un ity g ar de ns es ta bl is he d in u rb an a nd pe ri -u rb an a re as . 2. P ro po rt io n of ur ba n ag ri cu ltu ra l la nd m an ag ed u si ng ag ro ec ol og ic al p ri nc ip le s 3. D iv er si ty o f ag ro ec ol og ic al p ra ct ic es us ed . 4. S oc ia l a cc ep ta nc e of ag ro ec ol og y in u rb an co m m un iti es 5. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy tr ai ni ng p ro gr am s of fe re d to u rb an fa rm er s C ou nt y G ov er nm en t M oA LD , M oH , M oE F, R es ea rc h in st itu tio ns A FA , K en ya N at io na l in no va tio n A ge nc y (K EN IA ) C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O , P ri va te se ct or 20 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 93 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. P ro m ot e tr an si tio n to a ci rc ul ar fo od sy st em i) S tr en gt he n aw ar en es s cr ea tio n am on g st ak eh ol de rs o n di ffe re nt m od el s an d ap pr oa ch es of c ir cu la ri ty in fo od s ys te m s; 1. N um be r of c ir cu la r fo od sy st em b us in es s m od el s de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 2. N um be r of p la tfo rm s or ga ni ze d to c re at e aw ar en es s am on g st ak eh ol de rs o n di ffe re nt m od el s of c ir cu la ri ty in fo od s ys te m 3. N um be r of a ct or s tr ai ne d on c ir cu la r fo od sy st em s 4. N um be r of a ct or s ad op tin g th e ci rc ul ar fo od s ys te m s 5. N um be r of a ct or s ex po se d th ro ug h de m on st ra tio ns 6. # o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns an d in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e ci rc ul ar fo od sy st em s. M oA LD , M oH , M oE F, R es ea rc h in st itu tio ns A FA , K en ya N at io na l in no va tio n A ge nc y (K EN IA ); M ic ro an d Sm al l En te rp ri se s A ut ho ri ty C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O , P ri va te se ct or -h el p in ci rc ul ar ity in fo od sy st em 15 0 94 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) E nh an ce m ec ha ni sm s fo r fo od w as te m an ag em en t (r ed uc e, r ec yc le , re us e) a m on g fo od s ys te m st ak eh ol de rs ; 1. N um be r of m od el s an d ap pr oa ch es fo r fo od w as te m an ag em en t .2 . N um be r of e nt er pr is es ac ce ss in g gr ee n fu nd s fo r ci rc ul ar ity in fo od w as te m an ag em en t. 3. N um be r of a ct or s se ns iti ze d on c ir cu la ri ty in fo od w as te m an ag em en t. # o f s en si tiz at io n fo ru m s or ga ni ze d. 4. N o of t he a gr ib us in es se s co m m itt ed t o re du ce FL W M oE F, N EM A M oA LD , M oH , M O E, R es ea rc h in st itu tio ns C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, lic en si ng N G O , P ri va te se ct or - 20 0 iii ) E st ab lis h an d st re ng th en pa rt ne rs hi ps am on g st ak eh ol de rs on c ir cu la ri ty in iti at iv es in t he fo od s ys te m ; 1. N um be r of p ar tn er sh ip s/ co al ia tio ns o n ci rc ul ar ity es ta bl is he d. 2. N um be r of in iti at iv es ac ce ss in g fu nd in g th ro ug h pa rt ne rs hi ps 3. N um be r of a ct or s re ce iv in g m en to rs hi p an d co ac hi ng t hr ou gh pa rt ne rs hi ps M oE F, M oA LD , M oH , N at io na l Tr ea su ry , N A R S, A FA , N EM A , M SM E A ut ho ri ty C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, lic en si ng N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er O rg an is at io ns 10 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 95 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv ) Pr ov id e ec on om ic an d fin an ci al in ce nt iv es to p ro m ot e ci rc ul ar ity in t he fo od s ys te m . 1. N um be r of in ce nt iv es de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 2. Le ve l o f a w ar en es s on ec on om ic a nd fi na nc ia l in ce nt iv es a va ila bl e. 3. N o of a ct or s ac ce ss in g fu nd in g fo r ci rc ul ar ity in iti at iv es M oE F, M oA LD , M oH , N A R S, M in is tr y of tr ad e C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e N G O , P ri va te se ct or , t ra de as so ci at io ns 20 0 96 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) P ro m ot e eq ui ta bl e ac ce ss to g re en e ne rg y so ur ce s fo r pr od uc tio n an d ho us eh ol d fo od pr ep ar at io n su ch a s so la r, bi og as , w in d po w er e tc 1. P er ce nt ag e of ho us eh ol ds w ith a cc es s to r en ew ab le e ne rg y te ch no lo gi es ( so la r, bi og as , w in d, e tc .). 2. P er ce nt ag e of v ul ne ra bl e or m ar gi na liz ed ho us eh ol ds ( w om en - he ad ed , l ow -in co m e, ru ra l, et hn ic m in or iti es , et c. ) ad op tin g re ne w ab le en er gy t ec hn ol og ie s. 3. P ro po rt io n of r en ew ab le en er gy p ro je ct s th at in co rp or at e ge nd er eq ua lit y an d so ci al in cl us io n co m po ne nt s. 4, N um be r of h ou se ho ld s or fa rm er s tr ai ne d on th e us e an d m ai nt en an ce of r en ew ab le e ne rg y sy st em s. 5. R ed uc tio n in h ou se ho ld en er gy e xp en di tu re d ue to t he u se o f r en ew ab le en er gy t ec hn ol og ie s. M in o f E ne rg y, M oE F, M oA LD , N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M in of C oo p & M SM Es , M in o f Tr ad e, N A R s, N EM A C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, lic en si ng N G O , P ri va te se ct or , t ra de as so ci at io ns 20 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 97 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 3. P ro m ot e co ns um p- tio n an d us e of in di ge no us fo od s an d pr ot ec tio n of t ra di - tio na l f oo d cu ltu re i) P ro m ot e be ha vi ou r ch an ge t o in cr ea se co ns um pt io n of t ra di tio na l an d in di ge no us fo od s th ro ug h aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns , a nd de ve lo pm en t of r ec ip es a nd tr an sf er o f f oo d pr ep ar at io n sk ill s; 1. N o. o f a w ar en es s ca m pa ig ns t o in cr ea se co ns um pt io n of tr ad iti on al a nd in di ge no us fo od s co nd uc te d. 2. N o. o f r ec ip es fo r in di ge no us fo od s de ve lo pe d 3. # o f c on su m er s ex pr es si ng c ha ng es in in c on su m pt io n of in di ge no us fo od s 45 .N o. o f d ig ita l f oo d pl at fo rm s th at h av e be en de ve lo pe d an d te st ed 6. Le ve l o f a w ar en es s on pl at fo rm s pr om ot in g be ha vi ou r ch an ge on c on su m pt io n of t ra di tio na l a nd in di ge no us fo od s 7. N o. o f a ct or s us in g di gi ta l p la tfo rm s 8. % o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns , re gu la tio ns a nd in ce nt iv es w hi ch pr om ot e in di ge no us fo od a nd a ss oc ia te d cu ltu re 9. % c ha ng e in co ns um pt io n of in di ge no us fo od s M oA LD , M oH , M oE N A R S, M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd he ri ta ge -N M K C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, N G O , P ri va te se ct o- ho te l, re st au ra nt an d ca fé te ri a( H O R EC A ), M ED IA 25 0 98 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ro m ot e cu ltu ra l f oo d / ha rv es t fe st iv al s in te gr at ed in to n at io na l an d co un ty go ve rn m en t pl an s; 1. N um be r of fo od /h ar ve st fa ir s co nd uc te d 2. . N um be r of c ou nt y an d na tio na l p la ns pr io ri tiz in g in di ge no us fo od s 3. . N um be r of ev en ts in cl ud in g in te rg en er at io na l le ar ni ng a nd t ra ns fe r of kn ow le dg e. M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd H er ita ge - N M K , M oE M oA LD , M oH , N A R S C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, or ga ni zi ng fo od fa ir N G O , P ri va te se ct or -, m ed ia , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs IS FA A 15 0 iii )S up po rt do cu m en ta tio n an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g on tr ad iti on al fo od s an d as so ci at ed cu ltu re s; 1. N um be r of p ol ic y pa pe rs de ve lo pe d on in di ge no us fo od s an d cu ltu re . 2. N um be r of do cu m en ta tio ns o n el ec tr on ic a nd p ri nt m ed ia 3 nu m be r of p eo pl e aw ar e of . tr ad iti on al kn ow le dg e sy st em s an d cu ltu re o n fo od 4. N um be r of t ra in in g m an ua ls o n tr ad iti on al fo od s an d cu ltu re s in t he ex te ns io n an d ed uc at io n sy st em . N A R S, M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd H er ita ge - N M K , M oE M oA LD , M oH , M in is tr y of IC T C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io N / ad vi so ry se rv ic e, N G O , P ri va te se ct or , M ed ia 15 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 99 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 2: P ro m ot e su st ai na bl e co ns um pt io n an d fa ci lit at e tr an si ti on t ow ar ds h ea lt hy a nd s us ta in ab le d ie ts fo r al l St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )L ev er ag e on di gi ta l p la tfo rm s to p ro m ot e tr ad iti on al fo od s an d cu ltu re s. 1. N um be r of d ig ita l pl at fo rm s pr om ot in g tr ad iti on al fo od s an d cu ltu re s 2. N um be r of a ct or s ut ili zi ng d ig ita l p la tfo rm s 3. N um be r of d ig ita l pl at fo rm s fo r pr om ot in g tr ad iti on al fo od s 4. N um be r of a ct or s us in g di gi ta l p la tfo rm s on in di ge no us fo od s an d cu ltu re M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd he ri ta ge -N M K , M oE M oA LD , M in is tr y of IC T C ap ac ity bu ild in g/ se ns iti za tio n/ ex te ns io n/ ad vi so ry se rv ic e, N G O , P ri va te se ct or , m ed ia 95 G R A N D T O TA L FO R P IL LA R T W O 2, 59 5 10 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c Pi lla r 3: E na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r sc al in g up a gr oe co lo gy St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 1. S tr en gt he n th e po lic y, le ga l a nd in st itu tio na l fr am ew or k fo r ag ro - ec ol og y i) En ha nc e po lic y co he re nc e to e lim in at e ob st ac le s an d bi as es th at w or k ag ai ns t th e ag ro ec ol og ic al tr an si tio n an d m ai ns tr ea m ag ro ec ol og y ac ro ss r el ev an t se ct or s; 1. N um be r of c on fli ct in g po lic ie s w ith p ri nc ip le s an d el em en ts o f ag ro ec ol og y al ig ne d. 2. N um be r of p ol ic ie s al ig ne d to t he p ri nc ip le s an d el em en ts o f ag ro ec ol og y 3. N o of C ou nt ie s do m es tic at in g ag ro ec ol og y po lic ie s or st ra te gi es M O A LD , M oE F, St at e D ep t of A SA Ls Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es . Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s; C BO s Pr iv at e Se ct or 50 ii) E st ab lis h co m pr eh en si ve pe rf or m an ce m et ri cs a nd in di ca to rs fo r m on ito ri ng a nd ev al ua tio n of ag ro ec ol og y- re la te d po lic ie s, pl an s an d fin an ci ng ; 1. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy m et ri cs d ev el op ed an d al ig ne d w ith o th er na tio na l a nd in te rn at io na l co m m itm en ts a nd t ar ge ts (b as ed o n th e pr in ci pl es of a gr oe co lo gy ) -7 m et ri cs 2. N um be r of p ol ic y im pl em en ta tio n, t ra ck in g an d re po rt in g to ol s an d ou tp ut s 3. B ud ge ta ry a llo ca tio ns a nd ot he r fin an ci al fl ow s to ag ro ec ol og y in te rv en tio ns M O A LD , M oE F, K IP PR A , N A R S Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s; C BO s Pr iv at e Se ct or C G IA R c en tr es , Bi la te ra l A ge nc ie s, R es ea rc h in st itu te s 45 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 10 1 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )S up po rt co un tie s to do m es tic at e an d im pl em en t th e N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy St ra te gy fo r Fo od S ys te m s Tr an sf or m at io n; 1. N um be ro f c ou nt ie s do m es tic at in g th e ag ro ec ol og y st ra te gy 2. N um be r of c ou nt ie s im pl em en tin g th e st ra te gy M O A LD , M oE F M O H , C A SS C O M JA SC O M Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s; C BO s Pr iv at e Se ct or C G IA R c en tr es , Bi la te ra l A ge nc ie s, R es ea rc h in st itu te s 2, 49 0 iv )S up po rt t he do m es tic at io n of t he r el ev an t pr ot oc ol s in cl ud in g th e In te rn at io na l Tr ea ty o n Pl an t G en et ic R es ou rc es fo r Fo od a nd A gr ic ul tu re an d th e de ve lo pm en t of le ga l f ra m ew or k fo r A cc es s an d Be ne fit S ha ri ng (A BS ) re le va nt in a gr ic ul tu re an d fo od sy st em s; 1. D om es tic at io n of t he in te rn at io na l t re at y on pl an t ge ne tic r es ou rc es an d A BS in a gr ic ul tu re a nd fo od s ys te m s 2 .N um be r of c ou nt ie s in te gr at in g IT PG R FA a nd A BS in t he p ro gr am m es M oE , M oA LD , N A R S G ER R I Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g Fa rm er s, C SO s, N G O s, 65 10 2 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) Es ta bl is h m ul tis ec to ra l co or di na tio n m ec ha ni sm fo r ag ro ec ol og y 1. N um be r M S co or di na tio n pl at fo rm s es ta bl is he d at na tio na l a nd c ou nt y le ve ls 2. N um be r of o pe ra tio na l M S co or di na tio n pl at fo rm s M O A LD , M oE F M O H , St at e D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in o f C oo ps an d M SM Es , M in o f T ra de , C A SS C O M JA SC O M Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, fa rm er s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs 50 vi )A dv oc at e fo r po lic ie s an d in ce nt iv es th at s up po rt su st ai na bl e pa st ur e an d ra ng el an d m an ag em en t in cl ud in g re se ar ch o n ef fic ie nt fo dd er an d ra ng e pr od uc tiv ity . 1. N um be r of n ew p ol ic ie s or p ol ic y am en dm en ts in tr od uc ed t o su pp or t su st ai na bl e pa st ur e an d ra ng el an d m an ag em en t. 2. N um be r of fi na nc ia l o r ec on om ic in ce nt iv es (e .g ., su bs id ie s, gr an ts , ta x re lie f) in tr od uc ed to p ro m ot e su st ai na bl e pa st ur e m an ag em en t pr ac tic es . 3. A m ou nt o f f un di ng al lo ca te d by g ov er nm en ts or in te rn at io na l or ga ni za tio ns t o su pp or t su st ai na bl e ra ng el an d m an ag em en t pr og ra m s. M oA LD , M oE F, N A R S Pr ov id e ex te ns io n se rv ic es Es ta bl is h de m on st ra tio ns si te s Pr ov id e ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, fa rm er s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs 15 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 10 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. D ev el - op a nd pr om ot e su st ai na bl e fin an ci ng m od el s fo r sc al in g up of a gr o- ec ol og y i) M ai ns tr ea m ag ro ec ol og y in th e se ct or p la ns an d bu dg et ar y al lo ca tio ns a t bo th n at io na l an d co un ty go ve rn m en t; 1. E nv ir on m en t, tr ad e, e d- uc at io n/ re se ar ch , C ID Ps , an nu al p la ns , e tc ) w he re ag ro ec ol og y is m ai n- st re am ed 2. A ct ua l b ud ge ta ry a llo - ca tio ns a nd fi na nc in g to ag ro ec ol og y in iti at iv es 3. N um be r of d iv er si fie d fu nd in g so ur ce s av ai la bl e to a gr oe co lo gy ( e. g. pa rt - ne r fu nd in g, PE S, ad ap - ta tio n fu nd s, in ve st m en t fu nd s, PP Ps , e tc N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s, Se ns iti za tio n of d iff er en t ac to rs , P ro vi de ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , p ri va te se ct or 10 0 ii) C re at e aw ar en es s an d su pp or t ag ro ec ol og y ac to rs t o ac ce ss ex is tin g an d em er gi ng g re en an d cl im at e fin an ci ng a s a le ve r fo r m ai n- st re am in g th e ag ro ec ol og ic al tr an si tio ns ; 1. N um be r of a ct or s aw ar e of a nd a cc es si ng a gr oe co - lo gi ca l f un ds 2. V al ue o f g re en a nd c lim at e fin an ci ng r ec ei ve d fo r ag ro ec ol og y in iti at iv es 3. N um be r of g re en fu nd s cr ea te d, a va ila bl e, a nd ac ce ss ib le fo r ag ro ec ol og y in iti at iv es 4. % le ve l i nc re as e of g re en fu nd in g fo r ag ro ec ol og y N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s, Se ns iti za tio n of d iff er en t ac to rs , P ro vi de ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, pr iv at e se ct or , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , ph ila nt hr op ie s, et c. 35 10 4 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii ) St re ng th en re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n an d fu nd in g fo r ag ro ec ol og y th ro ug h Pu bl ic an d Pr iv at e pa rt ne rs hi ps an d ot he r ne w fi na nc in g m ec ha ni sm s su ch a s PE S 1. N um be r of in ce nt iv e sc he m es fo r ag ro ec ol og y 2. N um be r of p ilo te d an d sc al ed in ce nt iv e sc he m es 3. F in al is at io n an d im pl em en ta tio n of t he D ra ft N at io na l G re en Fi sc al In ce nt iv es P ol ic y Fr am ew or k 4. % in cr ea se o f f un di ng th ro ug h PP Ps 5. R es ou rc e M ob ili za tio n st ra te gy fo r ag ro ec ol og y in iti at iv es N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y C A SC O M St ud ie s Se ns iti za tio n of d iff er en t ac to rs , P ro vi de ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, pr iv at e se ct or , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , W B, ph ila nt hr op ie s, et c. IS FA A JA SC O M C SO s 45 iv )P ro m ot e ap pr op ri at e fu nd in g m od el s th at a dd re ss sp ec ia l n ee ds of a ct or s in ag ro ec ol og y 1. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gi ca l ac to rs ( e. g. , f ar m er s, co op er at iv es , s m al l bu si ne ss es ) re ce iv in g ta rg et ed fi na nc ia l s up po rt fo r ag ro ec ol og y- re la te d ac tiv iti es . 2. N um be r of n ew o r ad ap te d fin an ci al in st ru m en ts ( e. g. , m ic ro fin an ce , i m pa ct in ve st in g) d ev el op ed t o su pp or t ag ro ec ol og y. 3. N um be r of b us in es s pl an s or fi na nc in g pr op os al s de ve lo pe d by a gr oe co lo gy ac to rs w ith e xt er na l su pp or t (e .g ., gr an ts , l oa ns , in ve st or s) . N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s, C A SC O M , Se ns iti za tio n of d iff er en t ac to rs , P ro vi de ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, pr iv at e se ct or , de ve lo pm en t, fin an ci al in st itu tio ns 30 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 10 5 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) D ev el op in no va tiv e m ec ha ni sm s to im pr ov e ac ce ss to a ffo rd ab le an d ac ce ss ib le fin an ci al se rv ic es t o liv es to ck ke ep er s an d ot he r va lu e ch ai n ac to rs . 1. N um be r of li ve st oc k ke ep er s an d va lu e ch ai n ac to rs w ith a cc es s to fo rm al fi na nc ia l s er vi ce s (e .g ., sa vi ng s ac co un ts , lo an s, in su ra nc e) . 2. N um be r of n ew fi na nc ia l pr od uc ts d ev el op ed t o ad dr es s th e sp ec ifi c ne ed s of li ve st oc k ke ep er s N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s, Se ns iti za tio n of d iff er en t ac to rs , P ro vi de ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, pr iv at e se ct or , de ve lo pm en t, fin an ci al in st itu tio ns 50 3. D ev el op an d cr ea te in ce nt iv es fo r sc al in g up a gr o- ec ol og y i C re at e su bs id y pr og ra m s to s up po rt ag ro ec ol og y 1. N um be r of b ar ri er s to ag ro ec ol og ic al m ar ke ts id en tifi ed a nd a dd re ss ed 2. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gi ca l op er at or s (t ra de rs , bu si ne ss es , e tc ) ac tiv el y en ga ge d in a gr oe co lo gi ca l en te rp ri se s 3. V al ue o f a gr oe co lo gi ca l in pu ts , p ro du ct s, an d se rv ic es g en er at ed 4. N um be r op er at io na l lo ca l/t er ri to ri al /r eg io na l m ar ke ts c on ne ct in g pr od uc er s an d co ns um er s th ro ug h sh or te r su pp ly ch ai ns N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, C SO s, N G O s, pr iv at e se ct or , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, KO A N , 30 10 6 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) B ui ld c ap ac ity of s m al lh ol de r fa rm er s an d ot he r ac to rs in th e ag ro ec ol og y se ct or to a cc es s be ne fit s fr om m ar ke t- ba se d co ns er va tio n pr og ra m s su ch as c ar bo n cr ed its , e co la be lli ng a nd PE S sc he m es ; 1. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld er s kn ow le dg ea bl e on t he pu bl ic a nd p ri va te b en efi ts of a gr oe co lo gy 2. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld er s kn ow le dg ea bl e on di ffe re nt b en efi t sc he m es (e .g . P ES , A BS , e tc ) N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, C SO s, N G O s, 50 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 10 7 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii ) Pr om ot e aw ar en es s an d ed uc at io n ta rg et in g lo ca l co m m un iti es on A BS is su es re le va nt in ag ri cu ltu re a nd fo od s ys te m s 1. L ev el o f k no w le dg e ab ou t A BS a m on g lo ca l co m m un ity m em be rs 2. P er ce nt ag e of lo ca l co m m un iti es t ha t re co gn iz e th e va lu e of th ei r ge ne tic r es ou rc es an d tr ad iti on al k no w le dg e 3. N um be r of lo ca l f ar m er s, co m m un ity le ad er s, an d yo ut h en ga ge d in A BS ed uc at io n pr og ra m s. 4. N um be r of A BS -r el at ed ag re em en ts s ig ne d or n eg ot ia te d at t he co m m un ity le ve l. 5. % o f l oc al a gr ic ul tu ra l pr oj ec ts o r in iti at iv es t ha t ex pl ic itl y in co rp or at e A BS ag re em en ts . M oA LD , M oE F, M oE , N A R S G ER R I C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s C SO s, N G O s 10 0 10 8 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv ) P ro m ot e ac ce ss a nd u se of a pp ro pr ia te te ch no lo gi es an d eq ui pm en t 1. N um be r of li ve st oc k pr od uc er s ad op tin g su st ai na bl e pr od uc tio n pr ac tic es t ha t re du ce en vi ro nm en ta l i m pa ct (e .g ., ro ta tio na l g ra zi ng , ag ro fo re st ry ). M O A LD , M oE F M O H , St at e D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in o f C oo ps an d M SM Es , M in o f T ra de , C A SS C O M JA SC O M C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, se ns iti za tio n, ex te ns io n C SO s, N G O s, fa rm er or ga ni sa tio ns 10 0 v) Id en tif y an d en ga ge gr as sr oo ts , na tio na l a nd re gi on al ag ro ec ol og y ch am pi on s in pr om ot io n of ag ro ec ol og y 1. N um be r of id en tifi ed ag ro ec ol og y ch am pi on s at th e gr as sr oo ts , n at io na l, an d re gi on al le ve ls . 2. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy ne tw or ks o r co al iti on s in vo lv in g ch am pi on s at lo ca l, na tio na l, an d re gi on al le ve ls . 3. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy tr ai ni ng a nd c ap ac ity - bu ild in g pr og ra m s or ga ni ze d fo r ch am pi on s. M O A LD , M oE F M O H , St at e D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in o f C oo ps an d M SM Es , M in o f T ra de , C A SS C O M JA SC O M C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g C SO s, N G O s, fa rm er or ga ni sa tio ns 30 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 10 9 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi ) D ev el op cu st om iz ed in su ra nc e pr od uc ts fo r ag ro ec ol og y en te rp ri se . 1. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy - sp ec ifi c in su ra nc e pr od uc ts d ev el op ed 2. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy pr ac tic es in te gr at ed in to in su ra nc e po lic ie s (e .g ., or ga ni c ce rt ifi ca tio n, pe rm ac ul tu re , ag ro fo re st ry ) 3. P er ce nt ag e of ag ro ec ol og y en te rp ri se s w ith a cc es s to c us to m iz ed in su ra nc e pr od uc ts . 4. N um be r of o ut re ac h or e du ca tio n pr og ra m s ta rg et in g ag ro ec ol og ic al en te rp ri se s ab ou t in su ra nc e op tio ns . N at io na l Tr ea su ry , M oA LD , M oE F, N EM A , K IP PR A , M oA LD , K IP PR A , Sc ho ol o f M on et ar y St ud ie s C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s C SO s, N G O s, fa rm er or ga ni sa tio ns 10 0 11 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 4. S tr en gt he n m ar ke ts an d tr ad e fo r ag ro - ec ol og y pr od uc ts an d se r- vi ce s i) P ro m ot e us e of a gr oe co lo gy fo od s an d pr od uc ts in p ub lic an d pr iv at e in st itu tio ns (s ch oo ls , ho sp ita ls , co rr ec tio na l fa ci lit ie s) , s oc ia l pr ot ec tio n an d hu m an ita ri an re lie f p ro gr am s; 1. N um be r of p ub lic a nd pr iv at e in st itu tio ns pu rc ha si ng a gr oe co lo gi ca l pr od uc ts , i np ut s an d se rv ic es ( pr is on s, sc ho ol s, ho sp ita ls , h ot el s, un iv er si tie s, su pe rm ar ke ts , hu m an ita ri an o rg s. ) 2. A va ila bi lit y of d iv er se a nd nu tr iti ou s fo od s in s ch oo l fe ed in g pr og ra m s M O A LD , M oE M O H , S ta te D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in of C oo ps a nd M SM Es , M in o f Tr ad e, C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 50 ii) Im pl em en t m ec ha ni sm s fo r lo w -c os t, pa rt ic ip at or y ce rt ifi ca tio n sy st em s in cl ud in g st an da rd s an d la be lli ng o f fo od p ro du ct s an d fa rm in g pr ac tic es t ha t al ig n w ith ag ro ec ol og y; 1. N um be r of p ro du ct s co m pl ia nt w ith in cl us iv e pa rt ic ip at or y ag ro ec ol og ic al /o rg an ic st an da rd s 2. N um be r of fa rm er s pr od uc in g in c om pl ia nc e w ith a gr oe co lo gi ca l st an da rd s 3. D iv er si ty o f ag ro ec ol og ic al q ua lit y as su ra nc e m ec ha ni sm s de ve lo pe d N G ( M oA LD , M oT , K EB S, A FA , C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 30 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 11 1 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )E st ab lis h an d/ or s tr en gt he n ag ro ec ol og y ac to r co op er at iv es to s up po rt th e lo ca l a nd in te rn at io na l m ar ke tin g of pr od uc ts a nd se rv ic es . 1. N um be r of A gr oe co lo gy m ar ke t an d ag gr eg at io n ac to r pl at fo rm s de ve lo pe d 2. % in cr ea se in o rg an ic / ag ro ec ol og ic al e xp or ts 3. V al ue o f a gr oe co lo gi ca l ex po rt s 4. V al ue o f a gr oe co lo gi ca l pr od uc ts in lo ca l m ar ke ts N G ( M oA LD , Tr ad e, M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es a nd M ic ro , S m al l an d M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, tr ea su ry e tc ) C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 50 iv )E st ab lis h in fr as tr uc tu re an d sy st em s th at s up po rt th e ac qu is iti on an d us e of in pu ts t ha t al ig n w ith ag ro ec ol og ic al ap pr oa ch es a nd pr ac tic es ; 1. N um be r of a gr oe co lo gy in pu t su pp ly c ha in s or di st ri bu tio n ne tw or ks es ta bl is he d. 2. Pe rc en ta ge o f f ar m er s w ith a cc es s to in fr as tr uc tu re t ha t su pp or ts a gr oe co lo gi ca l in pu ts . 3. P ri ce c om pe tit iv en es s of a gr oe co lo gi ca l i np ut s co m pa re d to c on ve nt io na l in pu ts . N G ( M oA LD , Tr ad e, M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es a nd M ic ro , S m al l an d M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, tr ea su ry e tc ) C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 30 11 2 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S v) P ro m ot e th e ap pl ic at io n of ag ro ec ol og ic al pr in ci pl es a nd pr ac tic es in va lu e ad di tio n an d ag ro - pr oc es si ng ; 1. P er ce nt ag e of a gr o- pr oc es si ng e nt er pr is es ad op tin g ag ro ec ol og ic al pr in ci pl es ( e. g. , o rg an ic ce rt ifi ca tio n, lo w -in pu t pr ac tic es , e co -fr ie nd ly pa ck ag in g) . 2. P ro po rt io n of p ro ce ss ed pr od uc ts s ou rc ed fr om ag ro ec ol og ic al ly g ro w n ra w m at er ia ls . 3. P er ce nt ag e of a gr o- pr oc es si ng o pe ra tio ns us in g lo ca lly s ou rc ed ag ro ec ol og ic al ly g ro w n in pu ts ( e. g. , c ro ps , s pi ce s, he rb s) . N G ( M oA LD , Tr ad e, M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es a nd M ic ro , S m al l an d M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, tr ea su ry e tc ) C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 50 vi )In cr ea se m ar ke tin g of liv es to ck a nd ra ng el an d re so ur ce s fo r im pr ov ed liv el ih oo ds of p as to ra l co m m un iti es ; 1. P er ce nt ag e in cr ea se in th e nu m be r of p as to ra l pr od uc er s (fa rm er s, he rd er s) a cc es si ng fo rm al m ar ke ts fo r th ei r liv es to ck o r ra ng el an d pr od uc ts 2. N um be r of p as to ra l ho us eh ol ds e ng ag in g in di ve rs ifi ed li ve lih oo d N G ( M oA LD , Tr ad e, M in is tr y of C o- op er at iv es a nd M ic ro , S m al l an d M ed iu m En te rp ri se s, tr ea su ry e tc ) C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 50 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 11 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 3: C re at e an e na bl in g en vi ro nm en t an d in ce nt iv es fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si ti on a nd s ca lin g up St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N at io na l G ov t C ou nt y G ov t O H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi i)S tr en gt he n th e ca pa ci tie s of p ro du ce rs an d m ar ke tin g gr ou ps pr od uc tio n, pr oc es si ng an d st or ag e of li ve st oc k pr od uc ts . 1. N um be r of li ve st oc k pr od uc er s an d m ar ke tin g gr ou ps t ra in ed in pr od uc tio n, p ro ce ss in g, an d st or ag e te ch ni qu es 2. P er ce nt ag e of t ra in ed pr od uc er s ad op tin g ne w pr ac tic es in li ve st oc k pr od uc tio n, p ro ce ss in g, or st or ag e. 3. N um be r of li ve st oc k pr od uc er s ad op tin g su st ai na bl e pr od uc tio n pr ac tic es t ha t re du ce en vi ro nm en ta l i m pa ct (e .g ., ro ta tio na l g ra zi ng , ag ro fo re st ry ). M O A LD , M oE M O H , S ta te D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in of C oo ps a nd M SM Es , M in o f Tr ad e, C G ( cr ea tin g m ar ke ts , lin ka ge s, ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, C SO s, de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , f ar m er s, pr iv at e se ct or 10 0 T O TA L FO R P IL LA R T H R EE 4, 14 0 11 4 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c Pi lla r 4: R es ea rc h, in no va ti on , t ra in in g, a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 1. M ai ns tr ea m R es ea rc h on a gr o- ec ol og y in t he co un tr y’s N at io na l A gr ic ul tu re R es ea rc h Sy st em (N A R S) i) Id en tif y ga ps o f pu bl ic a nd p ri - va te s ta ke ho ld - er s as a b as is fo r re se ar ch pr io ri tiz at io n on ag ro ec ol og y; 1. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld - er s (p ub lic a nd p ri va te ) w ho c ap ac ity g ap s in A gr oe co lo gy h av e be en id en tifi ed 2. N um be r of p ro gr am s th at u se s a do cu m en t- ed g ap s as a b as is o f ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g on A gr oe co lo gy 3. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld er s tr ai ne d on t he id en tifi ed ga ps in A gr oe co lo gy 4. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld - er s w ho a re d is se m in at - in g th e id en tifi ed g ap s in A gr oe co lo gy 5. N um be r of t ra in in g in st itu tio ns im pl em en t- in g pr og ra m s to a dd re ss A gr oe co lo gy c ap ac ity ga ps M O E, N A R S M oA LD , M oE ,, K A LR O Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, Pr iv at e se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , C G IA R 1, 00 0 . N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 11 5 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 6. N um be r of r es ea rc h pr oj ec ts t ha t ta rg et s id en tifi es A gr oe co lo gy ca pa ci ty g ap s 7 .. % o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl a- tio ns , r eg ul at io ns a nd in ce nt iv es t ha t pr om ot e ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g of st ak eh ol de rs 8. N um be r of N A R S st ak eh ol de rs w ho h av e in te gr at ed A gr oe co lo gy re se ar ch a nd t ra in in gs in th ei r pl an s 9. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld er s in te gr at in g co -le ar ni ng as p ar t of c ap ac ity b ui ld - in g fo r A gr oe co lo gy 11 6 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) Pr om ot e m ul ti- st ak eh ol d- er p ar tn er sh ip s to s up po rt ag ro ec ol og i- ca l r es ea rc h, ag en da s et tin g an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g; 1. N um be r of M SP fo rm ed to s up po rt a gr oe co - lo gi ca l r es ea rc h ag en da se tt in g an d in fo rm at io n sh ar in g 2. D ev el op m en t of r e- se ar ch a ge nd a an d pl an on A gr oe co lo gy 3. N um be r of s ta ke ho ld - er s th at a re a w ar e an d im pl em en tin g th e A gr oe co lo gy r es ea rc h pl an a nd a ge nd a 4. N um be r of c ol la bo ra - tiv e re se ar ch p ro je ct s on A gr oe co lo gy e m er g- in g fr om d iff er en t M SP s N A R S, M oE , M oA LD , K A LR O , N M K , JA SS C O M C A SS C O M , ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g, N G O , P ri va te se ct or , m ed ia , Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 1, 10 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 11 7 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )P ro m ot e pa rt ic ip at or y va lid at io n an d ev id en ce -b as ed as se ss m en t of t he e ffe ct s an d im pa ct s of ag ro ec ol og ic al ap pr oa ch es o n ke y as pe ct s of t he fo od sy st em s su ch a s fo od s ec ur ity an d nu tr iti on , re si lie nc e an d fo od s af et y; 1. N um be r of d iff er en t ty pe s of s ta ke ho ld er s in vo lv ed in t he d es ig n- in g, pl an ni ng , i m pl em en t- in g an d va lid at io n of A gr oe co lo gy s tu di es 2. N um be r of s tu di es t ha t co m bi ne s di ffe re nt el em en t of t he fo od sy st em 3. N um be r of r es ea rc h di ss em in at io n ac tiv iti es th at a re t ar ge tin g us er s of t he r es ea rc h ou tp ut s 4. N um be r of u se rs a do pt - in g re se ar ch o ut pu t 5. in cr ea se c ol la bo ra tio n an d pa rt ne rs hi p fo r ap - pl ic at io n an d ut ili za tio n N A R S, M oE , M oA LD , M in is tr y of IC T Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g, fa rm er m ob ili za tio n N G O s, m ed ia , f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , pr iv at e se ct or , in te rv en tio n be ne fic ia ri es 50 0 11 8 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )E nh an ce re so ur ce m ob ili za tio n fo r ag ro ec ol - og y re se ar ch an d ex te n- si on , i nc lu di ng al lo ca tin g sh ar e of t he n at io na l re se ar ch fu nd s to a gr oe co lo gy ; 1. % in cr ea se o n fu nd in g fo r ag ro ec ol og ic al r e- se ar ch a nd t ra in in g 2. % o f g ov er nm en t fu nd in g al lo ca te d to re se ar ch a nd e xt en si on re le va nt t o A gr oe co lo gy 3. # o f d ev el op m en t pa rt ne rs s up po rt in g A gr oe co lo gi ca l r es ea rc h an d ex te ns io n 4. % o f f un ds a llo ca te d to A gr oe co lo gy r es ea rc h an d ex te ns io n by d iff er - en t st ak eh ol de r 5. A va ila bi lit y of a c oo rd i- na tio n m ec ha ni sm fo r ef fic ie nt m an ag em en t of A gr oe co lo gy fu nd s. 6. In cr ea se t he c ap ac ity o f st ak eh ol de rs t o de ve lo p pr op os al fo r fu nd in g 7. in cr ea se c ol la bo ra tio n an d pa rt ne rs hi p fo r ap - pl ic at io n an d ut ili za tio n. M in is tr y of F in an ce (a ss es sm en t of s ta ke ho ld er re ad in es s fo r fu nd s) , M oA LD , N A R S, M oE , C A SS C O M , Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, Pr iv at e se ct or , f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , in te rv en tio n be ne fic ia ri es 40 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 11 9 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi ) In te gr at e A gr oe co lo gy in th e ed uc at io n cu rr ic ul a at a ll le ve ls . 1. N um be r of p ro gr am s in te gr at in g A gr oe co lo gy in A gr ic ul tu ra l e du ca tio n cu rr ic ul a at a ll le ve ls 2. N um be r of t ra in er s/ ed u- ca to rs ( te ac he rs , l ec tu r- er s, tu to rs ) tr ai ne d on A gr oe co lo gy 3. In te gr at io n of A gr o- ec ol og y in t o th e ba si c ed uc at io n as se ss m en t. 4. N um be r of e du ca tio n in st itu tio n th at h av e in te gr at ed A gr oe co lo gy in t he ir c ur ri cu lu m . 5. N um be r of p eo pl e th at ha ve r ec ei ve d vo ca tio na l tr ai ni ng o n A gr oe co lo gy . 6. N um be r of c ou rs es /p ro - gr am s on A gr oe co lo gy in t ra in in g in st itu tio ns . 7. N um be r of g ra du at es in A gr oe co lo gy c ou rs es M oE , B as ic an d hi gh er ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , M oA LD , N A R S Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g, m ob ili za tio n an d di ss em in at io n N G O , P ri va te se ct or , d ev el op m en t pa rt ne rs ., 52 5 12 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi )M at ch in g su it- ab le a gr oe co - lo gi ca l p ra ct ic es w ith a gr oe co - lo gi ca l z on es an d en te rp ri se s. 1. P er ce nt ag e of a gr ic ul - tu ra l e nt er pr is es t ha t ha ve a do pt ed a gr oe co - lo gi ca l p ra ct ic es t ai lo re d to lo ca l a gr oe co lo gi ca l zo ne s. 2. Pe rc en ta ge o f f ar m er s in t ar ge te d A EZ s aw ar e of s ui ta bl e ag ro ec ol og - ic al p ra ct ic es fo r th ei r en te rp ri se s. 3. P er ce nt ag e of fa rm - er s in A EZ s ad op tin g ag ro ec ol og ic al p ra ct ic es su ite d to t he ir fa rm in g en te rp ri se s. M O A LD , M oE M O H , S ta te D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in of C oo ps a nd M SM Es Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, Pr iv at e se ct or , f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , in te rv en tio n be ne fic ia ri es 40 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 12 1 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. S tr en gt he n ex te ns io n an d ce nt re s of e xc el - le nc e to pr om ot e ag ro ec ol - og y i) Fa ci lit at e te ch - ni ca l a ss is ta nc e an d ca pa ci ty bu ild in g to bo th p ub lic a nd pr iv at e ex te n- si on s er vi ce pr ov id er s to de liv er e ffe ct iv e ex te ns io n in ag ro ec ol og y; 1. N um be r of e xt en si on se rv ic e pr ov id er s tr ai ne d on A gr oe co lo gy . 2. N um be r of c en te rs o f ex ce lle nc e fa ci lit at in g te ch ni ca l a ss is ta nc e an d ca pa ci ty b ui ld in g on A gr oe co lo gy 3. N um be r of p eo pl e ge tt in g th e te ch ni ca l as si st an ce a nd c ap ac ity bu ild in g 4. N um be r of c en tr es of e xc el le nc e w ith st re ng th en in st itu tio na l an d tr ai ni ng o f s er vi ce s de liv er y. 5. D ev el op ed c ri te ri a fo r ce nt re o f e xc el le nc e in A gr oe co lo gy 6. di st ri bu tio n of c en tr es of e xc el le nc e in A gr o- ec ol og y M oA LD , M oE , N A R S, K A LR O Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or 30 0 12 2 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) P ac ka ge a nd m ai ns tr ea m ag ro ec ol og y in e xt en si on se rv ic es ; 1. P er ce nt ag e of e xt en si on m at er ia ls ( m an ua ls , b ro - ch ur es , t ra in in g gu id es ) th at in co rp or at e ag ro - ec ol og ic al p ri nc ip le s. 2. N um be r of e xt en si on st af f t ra in ed o n ag ro - ec ol og y an d su st ai na bl e ag ri cu ltu ra l p ra ct ic es . 3. N um be r of a gr oe co l- og y- fo cu se d tr ai ni ng pr og ra m s or w or ks ho ps co nd uc te d fo r ex te n- si on s ta ff. 4. E xi st en ce o f a m on i- to ri ng a nd e va lu at io n (M & E) s ys te m t o tr ac k th e ef fe ct iv en es s of ag ro ec ol og y ex te ns io n se rv ic es M oA LD M oE , B as ic an d hi gh er ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , , N A R S N G O s, Pr iv at e se ct or , f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , in te rv en tio n be ne fic ia ri es 30 0 iii )P ro m ot e ap pr o- pr ia te e xt en si on ap pr oa ch es an d m et ho do l- og ie s to w ar ds co -c re at io n an d sh ar in g of kn ow le dg e 1. . N um be r of e xt en si on m od el s de ve lo pe d 2. L ev el s of a do pt io n of di ffe re nt m ap pe d/ de ve l- op ed e xt en si on m od el s by a ct or s. 3. in cr ea se c ol la bo ra tio n an d pa rt ne rs hi p fo r in th e de ve lo pm en t an d ut ili za tio n of A gr oe co lo - gy e xt en si on a pp ro ac h- es . M oA LD , M O E, M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd he ri ta ge ( St at e D ep ar tm en t fo r C ul tu re , T he A rt s & H er ita ge , N M K Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , m ed ia 30 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 12 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )E st ab lis h an ag ro ec ol og y kn ow le dg e re po si to ry (in cl ud in g hu bs an d ce nt re s of e xc el le nc e) to fa ci lit at e do cu m en ta tio n an d sh ar in g of ag ro ec ol og ic al pr ac tic es , w hi le ho no ri ng lo ca l so ve re ig nt y an d ow ne rs hi p of th e kn ow le dg e 1. N um be r of c en tr es o f ex ce lle nc e on a gr oe co l- og y es ta bl is he d 2. N um be r of a ct or s us in g th e re po si to ry 3. N um be r of u se rs a pp ly - in g kn ow le dg e fr om t he re po si to ry 4. N um be r of m en tio ns / re fe re nc es t o th e re po si to ry in m ed ia a nd pu bl ic at io ns M in is tr y of cu ltu re a nd he ri ta ge ( (S ta te D ep ar tm en t fo r C ul tu re ,), M oE , M oA LD , -N M K Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , m ed ia 20 0 v) T ai lo r ex te ns io n se rv ic es a nd tr ai ni ng t o m ee t th e ne ed s an d co ns tr ai nt s of vu ln er ab le a nd m ar gi na liz ed gr ou ps , i nc lu d- in g pr om ot in g so ci al e qu ity . 1. N um be r no o f s en si tiz a- tio n m ee tin gs t ar ge tin g w om en , y ou th , P LW D s, in di ge no us c om m un iti es to r ai se a w ar en es s on ag ro ec ol og y 2. N um be r no o f t ra in in g ta rg et in g w om en , y ou th , s, in di ge no us c om m it- te es 3. N um be r of w om en , yo ut h, P LW D S, an d in di ge no us c om m un ity gr ou ps t ha t ha ve b ee n tr ai ne d an d ad op te d ag ro ec ol og y. M oA LD , N LW D , M oE , S ta te D ep ar tm en t of ge nd er Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 12 4 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S vi )S tr en gt he n di gi ta l a nd ph ys ic al in no va - tio n pl at fo rm s to s up po rt di ss em in at io n of a gr oe co lo gy re se ar ch a nd in fo rm at io n. 1. N um be r of d ig ita l a nd ph ys ic al in no va tio n pl at fo rm s es ta bl is he d or st re ng th en ed . 2. N um be r of u se rs o r vi si to rs e ng ag in g w ith di gi ta l p la tfo rm s (e .g ., w eb si te t ra ffi c, so ci al m ed ia in te ra ct io ns ). 3. N um be r of fa rm er s ad op tin g cl im at e- re - si lie nt a gr oe co lo gi ca l pr ac tic es a s a re su lt of pl at fo rm e xp os ur e. M oA LD M oE , B as ic an d hi gh er ed uc at io n in st itu tio ns , ,K A LR O , N A R S Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O s, Pr iv at e se ct or , f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns , de ve lo pm en t pa rt ne rs , in te rv en tio n be ne fic ia ri es 20 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 12 5 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 3. R ev ita l- iz at io n of tr ad iti on al w ay s (c ul - tu re )a nd as so ci at ed in di ge no us kn ow le dg e (c ha ng es in pl ac e) i) D oc um en t an d pr om ot e lo ca l kn ow le dg e an d pr ac tic es t ha t su pp or t ag ro ec ol og y 1. # N o of a w ar en es s ca m pa ig ns t o in cr ea se co ns um pt io n of t ra di - tio na l a nd in di ge no us fo od s co nd uc te d. 2. . N o of p ub lic at io ns do cu m en tin g tr ad iti on al fo od a nd in di ge no us kn ow le dg e 3. # o f c on su m er s ex - pr es si ng C ha ng es in in co ns um pt io n of in di ge - no us fo od 5. % o f p ol ic ie s, le gi sl at io ns , re gu la tio ns a nd in ce n- tiv es w hi ch p ro m ot e lo ca l k no w le dg e th at su pp or ts a gr oe co lo gy 6. in cr ea se c ol la bo ra - tio n an d pa rt ne rs hi p pr om ot e lo ca l k no w l- ed ge a nd p ra ct ic es t ha t su pp or t ag ro e co lo gy M O A LD , M oE M O H , S ta te D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in of C oo ps a nd M SM Es , M in o f Tr ad e, Ex te ns io n, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 12 6 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) E st ab lis h de m on st ra tio n ce nt re s on in no - va tiv e ag ro ec ol - og y pr ac tic es b y fa rm er s 1. # o f d em on st ra tio n ce nt re s es ta bl is he d 2. N um be r of fa rm er s or c om m un iti es w ith ac ce ss t o at le as t on e de m on st ra tio n ce nt er . 3. N um be r of a gr oe co lo g- ic al p ra ct ic es t es te d or sc al ed b y fa rm er s as a re su lt of d em on st ra tio n ce nt er v is its . M oA LD M O A LD , M oE M O H , S ta te D ep t of A SA Ls an d R eg io na l D ev el op m en t, M in o f W at er , Sa ni ta tio n & Ir ri ga tio n, M in of C oo ps a nd M SM Es , M in o f Tr ad e, Ex te ns io n, de m on st ra tio n si te s, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 iii )P ro m ot e aw ar en es s an d ed uc at io n ta rg et in g lo ca l co m m un iti es on A BS is su es re le va nt in ag ri cu ltu re a nd fo od s ys te m s (s ee d an d fo od ha rv es t fe st iv al s, ex ch an ge v is its et c) 1. # o f a w ar en es s ca m - pa ig ns 2. # o f c om m un iti es a bl e to a rt ic ul at e di ffe re nt A BS is su es 3. # o f n at ur al r es ou rc es m ap pe d in c om m un iti es . M oE F, M oE , M oA LD , N M K Ex te ns io n, de m on st ra tio n si te s, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 12 7 St ra te gi c O bj ec ti ve 4 : S tr en gt he n re se ar ch , i nn ov at io n, t ra in in g an d to fo st er c o- cr ea ti on a nd c o- le ar ni ng o n ag ro ec ol og ic al a pp ro ac he s St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er SH ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iv )P ro m ot e an d m ai ns tr ea m co ns um pt io n of di ve rs e in di ge - no us fo od s in pu bl ic in st itu - tio ns 1. # o f d iv er se fo od s av ai la bl e in p ub lic in st i- tu tio ns 2. T he # o f p ub lic in st itu - tio ns t ha t ar e aw ar e of di ve rs e an d sa fe fo od 3. # o f p ub lic in st itu tio ns co ns um in g di ve rs e sa fe an d he al th y di et s. 3. 4. % o f d iv er se , s af e an d nu tr iti ou s in di ge no us fo od s pr oc ur ed fr om A gr oe co lo gy p ra ct ic es M oA LD , M oH Ex te ns io n, de m on st ra tio n si te s, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 v) Su pp or t m ap pi ng a nd do cu m en ta tio n of in di ge no us se ed v ar ie tie s to e na bl e lo ca l an d in di ge no us co m m un iti es to s us ta in a nd re vi ta liz e th ei r se ed a nd fo od cu ltu re s fo r su st ai na bi lit y of th ei r cu ltu re s (c om m un ity re gi st er s, co un ty re gi st er a nd na tio na l r ep os i- to ry ) 1. A va ila bi lit y of a r ep os i- to ry o f m ap pe d se ed s in K en ya 2. % o f f un di ng fo r do cu - m en ta tio n of in di ge no us se ed v ar ie tie s di ffe re nt s ta ke ho ld er 3. In cr ea se t he c ap ac ity of s ta ke ho ld er s to m ap an d do cu m en t th e in - di ge no us s ee d va ri et ie s an d as so ci at ed c ul tu re M oA LD , N M K Ex te ns io n, de m on st ra tio n si te s, ca pa ci ty bu ild in g N G O , P ri va te se ct or , F ar m er or ga ni za tio n 20 0 T O TA L FO R P IL LA R F O U R 6, 42 5 12 8 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c Pi lla r 5: S oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he a gr i-f oo d sy st em St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 5: E nh an ce s oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he fo od s ys te m St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 1. F ac ili ta te ac ce ss a nd co nt ro l t o pr od uc tiv e re so ur ce s by w om - en , y ou th , vu ln er ab le gr ou ps , m ar gi n- al iz ed gr ou ps a nd in di ge no us co m m un i- tie s i) St re ng th en m ec ha ni sm s th at g ua ra nt ee se cu re a cc es s to p ro du ct iv e re so ur ce s re qu ir ed fo r ag ro ec ol og y tr an si tio ni ng ; 1. # o f w om en , y ou th a nd vu ln er ab le c om m un iti es aw ar e of t he u se r an d ac ce ss r ig ht s to pr od uc tiv e re so ur ce s 2 . # o f w om en , y ou th an d vu ln er ab le co m m un iti es w ith se cu re a cc es s an d us e ri gh ts t o su st ai na bl e us e of p ro du ct iv e re so ur ce s. N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD C G N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 10 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 12 9 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 5: E nh an ce s oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he fo od s ys te m St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S ii) Sc al e up in te rv en tio ns w hi ch w ou ld al lo w w om en a s w el l a s m en t o be tt er c om bi ne re pr od uc tiv e an d pr od uc tiv e w or k. 1. N um be r of h ou se ho ld s w ith a cc es s to la bo r- sa vi ng t ec hn ol og ie s or to ol s (e .g ., im pr ov ed co ok in g st ov es , w at er co lle ct io n de vi ce s, m ec ha ni ze d fa rm in g eq ui pm en t) . 2. N um be r of t ra in in g pr og ra m s co nd uc te d to e nh an ce s ki lls in us in g tim e- sa vi ng te ch no lo gi es 3. P er ce nt ag e of ho us eh ol ds w ith a n eq ui ta bl e di st ri bu tio n of r ep ro du ct iv e la bo r (e .g ., ch ild c ar e, fe tc hi ng w at er , c oo ki ng ) 4. N um be r of g en de r- se ns iti ve t ra in in g or aw ar en es s ca m pa ig ns on s ha re d do m es tic re sp on si bi lit ie s. 5. N um be r of g en de r- se ns iti ve p ol ic ie s an d la w s pr om ot in g eq ua l sh ar in g of d om es tic an d pr od uc tiv e la bo r. St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 15 0 13 0 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 5: E nh an ce s oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he fo od s ys te m St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii ) Pr om ot e te ch no lo gi es an d pr ac tic es th at e na bl e m ea ni ng fu l pa rt ic ip at io n of w om en a nd Pe rs on s w ith D is ab ili tie s (P W D s) L W D ; 1. # o f l ab ou r- sa vi ng te ch no lo gi es de ve lo pe d/ p ro m ot ed # o f I nc lu si ve la bo ur - sa vi ng t ec hn ol og ie s de ve lo pe d/ p ro m ot ed 2. # H ou se ho ld s ad op tin g an d us in g la bo ur sa vi ng t ec hn ol og ie s to su pp or t tr an si tio n to ag ro ec ol og y N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD , N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 80 iv )+ Pr om ot e th e de ve lo pm en t an d sc al e up of fi na nc ia l pr od uc ts t ha t m ee t th e ne ed s of v ul ne ra bl e gr ou ps . 1. # B ar ri er s to fi na nc ia l ac ce ss id en tifi ed a nd ad dr es se d. 2. # o f h ou se ho ld s aw ar e of e xi st in g fin an ci al se rv ic es t ha t su pp or t vu ln er ab le g ro up s to tr an si tio n to w ar ds ag ro ec ol og y. 3. # o f fi na nc ia l p ro du ct s av ai la bl e to v ul ne ra bl e gr ou ps t o su pp or t tr an si tio ni ng t o ag ro ec ol og y. N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD , N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 60 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 13 1 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 5: E nh an ce s oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he fo od s ys te m St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S 2. E nh an ce eq ui ta bl e pa rt ic ip a- tio n an d m ea ni ng fu l en ga ge m en t in fo od sy st em s tr an sf or m a- tio n i) St re ng th en pa rt ic ip at or y fo od s ys te m go ve rn an ce t o ad dr es s po w er in eq ua lit ie s in ag ri cu ltu re a nd fo od s ys te m s; 1. # o f f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns st re ng th en ed / de ve lo pe d to s up po rt fo od s ys te m s tr an sf or m at io n 2. # o f M SP s (n at io na l an d Su b na tio na l) es ta bl is he d to su pp or t fo od s ys te m s tr an sf or m at io n. 3. # o f c om m un iti es ad vo ca tin g fo r po lic ie s an d re gu la tio ns t ha t su pp or t ag ro ec ol og y tr an si tio ni ng N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD , N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 15 0 ii) E nh an ce re co gn iti on a nd fu lfi llm en t of pr od uc er a nd co ns um er r ig ht s to e m po w er pe op le m os t at r is k of fo od in se cu ri ty a nd m al nu tr iti on ; C om m un iti es a nd co ns um er s ar e aw ar e an d ex er ci se t he ir r ig ht to fo od . N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD , N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 10 0 13 2 N at io na l A gr oe co lo gy S tra te gy fo r F oo d Sy ste m T ra ns fo rm at io n 20 24 -2 03 3 St ra te gi c ob je ct iv e 5: E nh an ce s oc ia l e qu it y, in cl us io n an d pa rt ic ip at or y go ve rn an ce in t he fo od s ys te m St ra te gi es A re a A ct iv it ie s In di ca to rs R es po ns ib ili ty /In st it ut io n Pr io ri ty In di ca ti ve B ud ge t (K ES M ill io ns ) N G O K C G O K O th er S H ST < 3Y R S M T 3- 5Y R S LT > 6Y R S iii )In cr ea se t he ca pa ci ty o f co m m un iti es t o en ga ge in t he fo od s ys te m de ci si on m ak in g an d po lic y pr oc es se s. 1. # o f f ar m er or ga ni za tio ns st re ng th en ed / de ve lo pe d to s up po rt fo od s ys te m s tr an sf or m at io n 2. # o f M SP s (n at io na l an d Su b na tio na l) es ta bl is he d to su pp or t fo od s ys te m s tr an sf or m at io n. 3. # o f c om m un iti es ad vo ca tin g fo r po lic ie s an d re gu la tio ns t ha t su pp or t ag ro ec ol og y tr an si tio ni ng N G St at e de pa rt m en t of G en de r; M in is tr y of la nd s; M O A LD , N G O s/ C SO Pr iv at e se ct or s K en ya F ar m er O rg an iz at io n Fa rm er or ga ni za tio ns 15 0 T O TA L FO R P IL LA R 5 1, 59 0 G R A N D T O TA L FO R IM PL EM EN TA T IO N O F N A S - FS T 23 ,2 85 National Agroecology Strategy for Food System Transformation 2024-2033 133 Annex III: Members of the Core Team on the Development of NAS - FST Name Organization 1. Dr. Martin Oulu ISFAA/GIZ 2. Eng. Laban Kiplagat MOALD- SDA/ISFAA 3. Nancy Rapando WWF 4. Dr. Robert Mbeche JKUAT 5. Eustace Kiarii KOAN 6. Daniel Gitai Muranga County 7. Reuben Chumba Vihiga County 8. Francis Shivonje Biovision Foundation 9. David Ombalo MOALD/SDA 10. Dr. Josiah Ateka JKUAT 11. Josephine Love MOALD/SDA 12. Mary Irungu PELUM Kenya 13. Peter Owoko MOALD/SDA 14. Antony K’owiti ISFAA 15. Benson Kamau MOALD/SDA 16. Emmanuel Atamba TMG 17. Juma Mohammed ISFAA 18. Wajiru Kamau ISFAA 19. Prof. Alex Awiti ICRAF 20. Grace Mugo MOALD/SDA 21. Dr. Peris Kariuki NMK 22. Reagan Buluma Hand in Hand EA 23. Swale Kitasi Action Aid 24. Douglas Muruka MOALD/SDA 25. Nelson Mandela MOALD/SDA Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Kilimo House P.O. Box 30028-00100 GPO Nairobi psagriculture@kilimo.go.ke