Agrarian Reform Law No. 117 of 1970

THE AGBABJAN &OOBM LAW No. 11'2 OI' 19'21 1n the name of the ~ple , . The Revolutionarf eomroand Council, Further to ~- 8 Article "4 (amended) of the Interim Constitution and in accordance with what has been submitted by the Ministel" of '!~ar~' we have decreed the fol lowing: · Article 1 · The following terms carry the significan ces shown against them for the purposes of this law: The Council: The Supreme Agricultural Collective Distribution: The distribution Council. of areas of plots of land set by the Council as joint-tenancy among recipients of a specific agricultural unit. · . Cultivator: A person who was assigned to cultivate an agricultural unit under the aboli­ shed Sirl-Miri' Land Law No. 43 of 1951. The First Tenant: Any Iraqi who had ren ted mirl-sirf land in the Governorate of May­ san under a resolution passed by the Contracts Committee of the Liwa of Amarah and whose contract expired on March 31, 1958. The Secondary Tenant: Any Iraqi renting land from the first tenant under the resolu­ tions of the Contracts Committee of the Liwa of .Anmrah and whose contract expired on Karch 31, 1958 ll ReJ.i&ious Trustee: l& the haq1 religious man who Dad been in control of miri land iD the Govemorate of Maysan up to March 31, 1958. . The Official 'Sirgal' in the Govemorate of Thiqar: Any Iraqi registered in this capa­ city iD official records under a decision passed by the competent administrative authorities prior to July 14, 1958. . Persons of Agrarian Relations: The owner of the land, the tenant (al-Magharis), the pea­ sant and the proprietor of means of watering. The Tenant (al-Magharis): The person with whom the owner of the land agrees on reclaiming and planting trees in a specific area for a specific period and under specific terms. The Peasant: Any person who took farm­ ing for profession .and who personally carries out land work in return for a certain share of the crop. Agricultural Labourer: A person carrying out agricultural work in return for certain wages under special agreement, or in accord­ ance to the laws of the land or local usages. Landlord: The owner of the land in whose name the land 1s registered in the Tapu (Land Registration Department) or to whom land is leased by 'lezma'. Agrarian Reform Land: Agricultural land taken over and owned by the State, Sirf..:Miri land and land reverting to the Agrarian Re­ form Administration from the Agricultural Bank or any other legal way. The Rainfall Line: the line where rainfall averages 400 mm a year under a chart drawn up by the Directorate-General of Surveys and · approved by the Council. · · 15 CIIAP'JSB I OS DEFINING AGBICULTUBAL oWNEBSBIP. Article 2: The area of agricultural land possessed by a person Tapu authorised or granted under long lease, shall not exceed the followin!! limit: . a. · Bain-Irrigated land: 1. 2,000 donums of land not excessively fer­ tile, sit~ted to the ~uth of raifall line. 2. 1,600 donwns of excessively fertile land situated to the south of rainfall line. 3. 1,300 donums of land not excessively fer­ tile land situated to the porth of raifall line. 4. 1,000 donums of excessively fertile land situated to the north of rainfall line. b. Irrigated areas: 1. 600 donums of not excessively fertile land irrigated by mechanical devices. 2. 400 donums of not excessively fertile land irrigated by the flow method. 3. 400 donums of excessively fertile land ir rigated by mechanical devices. 4. 300 donums of flow-irrigated excessively fertile land. 5. 120 donums of land irrigated by mechani cal devices and cultivated with cotton or vegetables in the northern Govemorates. 8. 80 donums of flow-irrigated land culti­ vated with cotton or vegetables in the northem Govemorates. 'l. 80 donums of mecbamcally inigated land 16 cultivated with paddy in the northern go:. vemorates. 8. 60 donums of flow-irrigated land cultiva­ .· ~ with paddy in the northern Govern­ oiates. 9. 50 donums of mechanically irrigated land cultivated with tobacco in the norther~ Govemorates. 10. 40 donums of flow-irrigated land . culti­ vated with tobacco in the northern Gover­ norates. 11. lOO·donums of flow-irrigated land cultiva­ ted with paddy in the northern Governor­ ates. When two types of land are com­ bined, adjustment is made according to the above proportions. . c. Areas cultivated with palm trees and other species of trees, since 5 years at least, shall not be calc ulated within the authorised maximum area specified herein, provided tliat the number of trees shall not be less than 40 per do­ num, and that consideration be taken of the average number of trees and the average age of the majority of trees be not less than 5 years and the numbr of fruitful trees be not less than 20 per donum. d. The Council may reduce maximum ownership in relation to the lands not far away from marketing centres to half the limits specified herein. Article 3: 1. Any contract involving a vJolation of the provisions specified in Article (2) so as to increase the maximum, shall be null and 1'1 void and deemed to be not eligible ioi rt:­ gistration. •) No successive or combined bequect:,L . shall be permitted in relation to a prop: tor of agricultural land at one ot above-mentioned limits. 3. Individuals may hm.-e more thiln one u: the limits specified in Article (2) if the source of increase were inheritance, legacy or grant, with areas in excess of the limits above becoming subject to requistion. · 4. Area of land to which the proprietor is eligible shall be defined to him, and its former class shall be rnaintamed until such time as it is re-classified. 5. When the method of irrigation of the land is changed by an act of the State, the maximum limit shall be revised in acord­ ance with the specifications provided for in Article (2) after excepting the areas culti­ vated with trees, provided that the num­ ber of such trees be 40 per donum and their age be not less than three years. Article 4: 1. If the original specification made under Law No. 30 of l958 and amendments vio­ lated the objectives of the Agrarian Re­ form, then the area to which the land owner is eligible, shall be defined in ac­ cordance with this Law within the limits specified therefore or from requisitioned land; if this were impossible, such revision shall be made by resort to similar land in the area. 2. No heed shall be taken of the land owner upon which rights in kind were accord~d 18 on previously fructed land, if such behav­ iour contradicted the interests of Agrarian Reform, this shall not nullify the right to disposal with such land thereby, by referr­ ing such right to the disposer. 3. Provision of this Article shall apply to the decisions having both become final or pending. Article 5: Any owner of agricultural land t:Xceeding in area the limits specified in Article 2 shall submit a comprehensive acknow1Adgement co­ vering his lands in accordance with a state­ ment to be issued by the Minister of Agrarian Reform. Article 6: 1. The Agrarian Reform authority shall req­ uisition any excess of the limits specified in Article (2) and leave to the land owner the plants vital thereon until the end of the agricultural season during which such requisitioning takes place. Until requisi­ tioning is completed of the excessive area, the land-owner shall continue to conduct complete cultivation thereof with due care and within an area not less than that he had cultivated prior to the promulgation of the Law. 2. Any area in excess of the limits specified in Article (2) shall be considered as pure governmental (Miri) as from the date when this Law is put into effect; such area shall be considered as leased to its former proprietor as from the beginning of the agricultural season which follows the ef 19 fective date of this Law until its reqws1 tioning and delivery against a substitute to be specified in a statement issued by the supreme Council for Agriculture. Article 7: No heed shall be taken in relation to the implementation of this Law if: 1. The disposal of the owner of the land up­ on which rights in kind have accrued on the excess of \he limits specified in Article (2), if such disposal was not registered in land registration offices (Tapu); this shall not prevent the maintaining of dis­ posal rights thereto ir n"ferring his r:cht to such disposal •) \Vhatever may happt:n after the effect,·. date of this Law in ti1t fie1d oi par'/.,.: resulting from inheritar: 1 ,·. legacy. gr d;1 t or will-writing involving :he agricultural land possessed by any person, the Agrar­ ian Reform shall. in this case, requisition an y area in excess of the limits specified in the La\V and were possessed by the in­ heritor, the donor or the will-writer. Article 8: 1. The owner whose land has been requisi­ tioned under Article ( 6) hereof shall be entitled to reimbursement for the value of trees and installations., pumps and agri­ cultural machinery alone. The Council shall issue a statement defining the immo­ vable installations to subject to such reim­ bursement and the criteria to be adopted in such assessment. 2. Instructions to be issued by the Council 20 shall define the measures and denial of reimbursement. The Government shall decline any responsibility to everyone within the limits of payments made in accordance with the said measures. 3. If the land or accessories eligible for reim­ bursement were bound by mortgage or concession or any other right, the Govern­ ment shall not pay such reimbursement to its owner, other than any amount in ex­ cess of the debt. If such debt exceeded the amount of the reimbursement. nothing shall be paid to him and the Government shall in no way afford any amount in ex­ cess of the reimbursement. The debtors should take the measures nrovided for in the instruc:ions to be issued under Ar::icle (2). or else. the Governmtnt shall not- be held respons: ble. cxc,-pt \'.'jthin the limits of the payments to b2 m8.de \Vithin the context of the reimbursernu1t. 4. The decisions related to assessment and reimbursement not having become final, shall be nullified. and provisions of this Law shall apply instead . 5. The decisions of assessment and reimburse­ ment which have become final as per para (a) (1). (2). (3), (4), (6), Article (6) of Law No. 30 of 1958, shall be abrogated, and amounts of reimbursement paid prior to May 15, 1969, shall not be recovered. . Article 9: 1. The Council.may decide.the requisitioning of any Agrarian Ref grm lands or areas un­ der Agrarian Reform Administration, if the interest of Agrarian Reform should 21 2. 3. necessitate thus. The owner of the land requisitioned under para. (1) hereof, shall be compensated by an area of equivalent value of the Agrar­ ian Reform land as per the rules specif: Pd by the Law and the statements issuE-d thereundf·r. with the registration to be made at :his same class of the expropr­ iated area. If no such equivalcm land were ava1la ble in the same area. the land owner rnay claim compensation in another area or cash reimbursement in accordance with the follo'.ving rules: The value of land epxropriated under this Article and the rights in kind accruing therefrom shall be assessed within the f '· lowing limits: a. Concerning naturally-irrigated land: ID. 1 per donum of excessively fertile land situated to the north of the rain­ fall-line: ID. 1.5 per donum of not ex­ cess1veh fertile land situated in the north of the rainfall-line: ID. 1.250 per donum of excessively fertile land sit­ uated to the south of rainfall-line; ID. 1 per donum of not excessively fertile land situated to the south of rainfall­ line. b. Concerning irrigated land: ID. 3 per donum of not excessively fertile land: ID. 4.5 per donum o f excessively fertile land; ID. 12 per donum of flow or me chanically irrigated land cultivated with cotton or vegetables in the north­ ern Governorates; ID. 20 per donum of 22 flow or mecha.ri:cally irrigated land cultivated with paddy in the northern Governora tes. Article 10: The following provisions shall apply to Tapu-authorised agricultural lands in Thiqar Governorate. 1. If title deed holder has actually disposed of the area of land specified in the deed, or a pan thereof, in accordance with the dom­ inestic agricultural dealing, for three suc­ cessive years prior to the implerp.enta tion uf Agrarian Reform Law No. 30 of 1958. then as area not exceeding the maximum specified in Article (2) hereof shall be re­ gister::'d in his name. and the area in ~x­ cess thereof shall be considered as pure l\Iiri land. 2. If the title de,,cl hclder has not actuallv disposed of the land specified in the deed or part thereof. for the period. mentioned in oara. (1) abo\·e the undisposed area shall be registered as pure Miri land. Article 11: 1. An:s:one \\'ho clairYJ.s the right of any Miri land and such disposal has been pron•d as per the domestic agricultural dealing dur­ ing the five years oreceedin2" the imple­ mentation of this Law. shall be entitled to the registration of the area under his disposal. to the maximum of 300 donums of naturaJlv-irrigated land and 150 do­ nums of land cultivated with wheat. b~rle:v or other winter crons. and mechanicallv or flow-irrigated, or 50 donums of land culti 23 2. •) .). 4. vated with pa,.dy, tobacco or other sum­ mer crops. ',\·•-:1 n two or more typt·'-' are combined, adJustment shall be made as per the spt0 c1f,ed areas. No land ··,·;2 'stration shall be made here under ;n : :,~. name of: a. An:, ;.x:rson ·,vho owns an agricultural land. ~-egister<::'.d in his name,' Tapu­ authon sed or long-leased to him. at an area to tht : : :nit specified in p2 rn , 1) hereof. If t:.:,; holding were les- · ' an the area oi :he land proved hi :1, at his disposal shall be authorised to him to reach the =,aid limit. b. Anyone wto nas an ,.,,~:-icu1tma' land reverting to bin: thr< 1ULJ, 11srrib-- nion under Agrarian Hdonn Law or the law for developmn1·~ c.tlld E. xpLi•:,' :c,1.:1 of pure l\Iiri land (abrog<1ted). Authorisation shall not contradic. with the interests nf the Agrarian Reform. and thus land authorisation shall be made at an equivalent ar(;a in the same region. The successors of :he disposer shall be considered as one person. - · Article 12: The Agrarian Reform authority shall talre over the obligations of survey committees in relation to the lands. not completely surveyed, and those against which decisions ha\'e not become final: 1. Definition of land classes and property . .., Specification of kind and absolute rights related thereto and cultivation rights in orchards. 3. Specification of land demarkation. areas 24 and locations of the rights mentioned in para. (2) above. Demarkation of the areas allotted for pub­ lic utility, e.g. archaeological sites, quar­ ries, mines, public highways, rivers, rivu­ letes drainage systems. uticle 13: The land shall be subject to pure posses­ sion if registered in the manner provided hereabove in the land regist;ration records, or having become thus as a result of the final re-classificatir,n procedure prior to :.he implementarion of this Law. The ;and shall be bequeathed if registe­ red in the mannvr mt.'r'tinm-d aho\·e. in the land registration records. or th,· beq­ ueathing title dcc·d had bet'!1 a'.1thentica­ ted prior to the imp1ern.l, "it ; :; 1ion of this La\v. Th,:, la,,d shall b'> T,,Dcl a:uhuri:,> .. ,! if regis; c,·,ct thus i::i :he la11d regi~rra­ ~ion rt:cr.Jrds or \VE·re cultivated "-::ith t recs for a period not less than (10) ~'L·ars and at an average of ( 40 J trees pl:'r don um. provided that consideration be taken of the average number of trees in relation to the area of land planted or becoming thus as a result of re-classification having be­ comp final prior to the implementation of ·this Law. 1 No land registration shall be made in the name of the person to whom the right mentioned in the three paragraphs above have accrued except within the limits specified in Article (2) of this Law, pro­ vided that his total holdings.of agricultur 25 5. 6. a! : .. :· l ':- shrrnld n< -l S~ll'pass t ht :-c r• ·(' Jit·d : 1:? · : • ~- exC, ·!~ · 1-. , :· :ht' land planted v, .·h : :·••!'-. a s mt· n ' iuned in para. '1) above. and :h1.· :rue j ~ l.!UCy. Areas in ,1':. ·, ·, '- , ,~· such Ii p·::: ::: sh .. il : :1<> considered p ur, · ·, : AL ::i rea~ · · aside for public uti l!: • arecLs n 1 , · . ,, :,;::;Pssed. Tapu authons,·u " r beqileatl -n::i.d be consid~ rr·d ;): ·,-. . '.\. !i ri . Any Tal,J . . :~horised . lon~-:n, ,-, : ,, : in­ corrE:c tl:- · . q . ;, rtthed agu .:· .:: ·.01"' ; ~~ \,Vh l ,St · p :,-· .o:su ; u r - \\ ·hoc- \ ·, :·, prc::;cnt :-, him fai!.-- : 1 cu l;i ·,u tc .:or t \,·u .:;;ic c.-bs i\·l . sea~o!is 1fti :· :hl' ::-1pic·:'> , -: 'd: i l,n of t: 1i!­ "La,\· -.,·? -1c,1.:: , , :;• ·;·-g r.-:: ,:~, •· • ~C-. , ::it: ::,hail lw c.-;;-i:-,.d , :·, , : .: :· . c~ ti :.i oure 7v[ i ri land C ,mp,-· ·.· ?t~ 1.· .Jr.-! l', :tN'--. s:12.il i i,· , tiga.t( · t~ 1 .. ft 1 ~~-~d?ii :":· o! !11plt..1 mcntin~ · ~-:~ pro\·1~; 1on . ..: t.d. !l:1~ :a '-\-. Article 1-1: A) Th - r : l :-: ::: -::~·i~i '-·at ~o n in orcha r,is shall bt"· ci, ·: n( . . , ·; ,.:;! .:i ,ig :r1 the follo wing : 1 T, . . h . . 1 . n i:.· '"' ;··-~., .J · :i ::'-·<i '.,Ji" \\.". ,) 1~ con ti nuous\ taki ng ( :.,:- o : 1.r i •, :,,· , ·11 d,d s!w ll be ent itle~l ~ lro- 50 1-~t.. .. !. , ~, ~ ~ - p :'t 1f.:t cH~i 4-ll ,-i-± ~i H:\ 1-c-c ·l a~-r. ! tree.:::. of til!. , 1 1ec1 cui: : ,·atc'd b•: hi•n. ai~c' r 1he cun .: lu ~= ,~11 of t he culti,:atL'd cnn tract term or t 10 J years aftt:r the b vQ 1nn ing of his culti v-a: ih11 rhet·0of . w-hiciw~:rr :~les. Any a gre0r·-, t nt to the ,,ff(,e;: of a lc,wer share shan h r, consicletr' ,., " ;-; n : dl a nd ,·o ic.:. 2 . Competent ptrnt com r:1 itteos S(' t up u nde r Article (Vi) of : hi-: Lrn· snall it:\ \"s:·igate cultivation con tracts a nd defne cult iva­ to rs ' righ ts in accordaf!ce with para · (1) hereof: the commi t tees· decisions shall '.26 only be · final after the approval of the Council thereof. 3. Cultivation contracts shall be authenti­ cated by personal testimony and all other legal authen tication means. t . Law courts shall not consider the case-s related thereto, but shall r efer then1 to the committees mentioned in para. l :2) hereof, immediately after the i1up1e,nc:n tation of this Law. .:i . Provisions of this article shall apply to cul tivations whose dec isions have rea­ ched final deg ree and registered prior t the efT ect i vr date of this law ; land r egi-; ­ tra tion offices shall revise i heir rec(n·d" and deeds in acc:orda!1ce with the ei ec l­ sions adop ted by the commi t tc-c-s an..: au thent icated as per para. (~) hereof. 6. T he cultivator·s sha··( , in l;rnd an ~i : ;·,::: s shall n:mn public prcp:"r! y . and <··,, actual cultivato'.' crmtim:ing ~hus :,i1a'.l pToceed to takt- Ccirf' of the orchard A'i ) ~-..- ­ fore · agai nst the sha re• specifi ed for him .~ '. . .h i? outp '..it u nde r , hi~ Law. 7. The cuhiv a u >r ·s si1art:" shall b t· c x c .. ,~; 1,(i t' r·on~ +L. > cor0 cl o cu••r, fo1·..,,., ~l iti· ·, p •·= ~ .. . ::, .- ... \.. I.~- 1 \.:- ,. ~ ! - ·- 1 J , a . C ~- • ~ ·~.1. : the defin ition of his right::.: in acu,t·c.:­ anre v:ith the proYision s of '.hi, L1w ex­ cc·p t L,poi : the stn1i~h tfonvard c:1 gr; ~•m ( . ; :..:.. of ·h ., c~ :I t i\\:J. io r ~n n~~, \s(·n t ic. bc f ·l rf· tit : .:'Pt;": 0l ' Ustice : if ti"!E: culti\·,, do ri t'' :·:~1 \.\·,: :"C nn' conc1u::.i(. :-: \' C-t . the cult ;:·:i ·nr·, r ' 1li:, ::::·:: ll b, , nw : '1 ;nined. ari ! th <:> :-rn ,i :rees sh:..11 rt •: e rt ~0 the bu\-t.':· burd( ~' .::l tl,e re\\·i ::1 . · .... The lane: 0wnc-r shall onh- uosse c;s the cul­ tivator·s share in a£f' ordance with the p ro ,-,~ ... I \·is1,ms pru\ 1ded for in this Lei\' ~. 1 he ( ';, ,ncl shall issue i:1stl .~( : .. .,::::- ""·la­ ted 1., .. the conditions and 1.. ,rL~-·: ,, s r?q­ uired for the registration 01 th• · ::,~pl. '.:.:en­ t .-. t: ,n of prcJ\'isions hereof. B) Fragmentation of orci:an.i~ •.· ,. ..,.:. ,Jf . h - - . -l,'ss t an {::>) ctonurns ed,: n r. .,. j; .· oe l'~iective by approval of the C )-....r: Article 15: B - , '>. , - - l ~..., ' - i~ i.-..-- ~ . ~, ~: ... ·"} ~ • y l~l'.ClSlOilS .o oe ; ::-Sue.: .. ; \ .· - .• 110 ,.,::-Lt::l of Agranan Reform, commi'~tc-, s 1 1 .ic:t:·, · -. ,x r'c.. ct'i t ;• t" ;;;c;:v,, ·····• ' ·,. ---~ DIOp,i,LlOil, .S r10;11on. a':' <:.:~-T1icl~L- ..... -· :-: ,.U ····• ., ... j 1and aggl<J. n·l -·~·, ·n ,'•a11 ' · ,.D , ~-',-.• ol1..' 1 "- J J :.. ct L. .... lJ~;,,. ,~l). .... ;.."'l \\-~:11 a -, -1~·\Y .. ~o aci1ie""-.·ing 1!--..~ o\-. - ,~-~- · · ~:·~~}-,::~,)no:1-1ic Ltnit:,:. \v}-iile oth~:r , --~t.-,~ ~ -:~~~ t.; p to implcc1c1~ .. :he p~·- + ::- 1 ;2\\~ ;..1s !\~~quired~ 111 t}H) li~~~~ -~;~ ,r ~ :r is~uE:d by· t11e c:u:~ln( ~l ~~~ J1L. In K1rk1..~k. 1)-:.;• Federation ,;i ?, ~- ,- \s ~cci a ·.1 1;:,s also organised a mass r:.: ~,n ro n1::n,": :}~e sarr~LJ uccasion. T}1c cic-:::, ..... · :-., ,y, 't c:1ecring :he Arab Baath S.,cia: ,.· · the K;;r.:'istan Democratic Part:· aL-.: ~· Ktd ciish solidarity. Joining in the procession wen• 1ev · ·a tives of the local organisations of botl1 . ,., .:e:-~ and large crowds of members of popuL1 .,:1d professional organisations. Addressing !he gathering, a repn:~" :1· a­ tive of the Baa th Party in the Govern r < 2 te. congratulated the peasants on the birth Ol ; he. new Agrarian Reform Law and said tha r the Julv 17 Revolution has come to deliv<:'t ~JI toil~rs from all forms of exploitation, oppress­ ion and extortion practised by the reaction 28 an dnd feudalistic clas:-:•s. The representative uf :r. K:.irdis;an De­ ni H:r atic Party whr, spo1·> 1w:< said tha., the rn -, law has come as a LL,v ,··,:pres::;ion of f he 1.,nll d the toilers c.mci the :1dIL,:: The speakt0 r , r;.:. ,J the peasant::, t, i d;sc,~"', ccL<or: and vie:i­ L-; : ,c•, towards tht" a~, :: ;-; ,f lmpt :-ia1ism and 1 t ac· icin CHAPTER II DISTRTBrTIO~ Article 16: Agrarian re:'c,r[:."i :;,;,:1, : :c :-;, .. 1 peasants collec:'.-.'tc > · dancE v:i!h the cm:c':'.i:,: .· ·" cl when such c::sL..J-:, ;t; ; .. r';. · r:in the lin-:it'.:. sp 0• ; :i:'c· a. In naturally irrig , , ·'d -i ~ - f .. : ~ "/ b, Fe,-1 ·- \.. J (iC . ,1 ~- CtC., an.d ;1 i , ... , f b.mh: 200 dc1 r1Li111s 01 ~10~ t :-~,.r ~:-- 10.~J"I s:tuated to fr- :South : ~·ai:-:'.c, <i,,,, lt~O don1-1rr1~ uf e:~ccs~~;.-(·~·, .t. · ile l:11~.i :--:i:­ L~dt(:d to t}lt · Si)1j~-r1 oi .:·:. n.-=·~ ... cl-].~112 135 donurns of not e:xc,ss:'·1 h· . il,-: lrid s:tuated to the north.,~· th, ·• ,i,,"'al'-lfr ·. 100 of excessively fr1:::c l.il' c::: 1 ~,:el ~-) the north of the ·rain!all->i'. b. In irrigated lands; 60 donums of excessively h·1~,l2 land f' ov.­ ur mechanically irrigated. ·tO donums of excessiveh· fertile land flow or mechanically irrigated. 3. 15 donums of flow or mechanically irriga­ ted land cultivated with cotton or vege 29 ,, - - - :.,0 northern GovernoratE--s ±. 1 • • , ,,s of flow or mechanical]\ ,.,,ga ,; j cul:ivated with padd· ', the , ,·::, Go·- ernorates. i :- c -·,t.:: .. , ,.,, "O\V or mechanically irriga:ed ,-, - -, - .- '.ed with tobacco in the n0rth ~ '~•.... L rct:es. 6 -~ 'fo;y irriga :.ed land cult i, a tee Ti :hr- nortl1t.:1ri GoYcrnoratcs :,;:ii s}all define the demarka:ion '- ;, ··1 in each area within ':,e li­ :-= ,-,d hr\rr -~b( ,·:e. 2:1d 1~ :!~~:~. 1 ~:­ ~· ~ ; · . ; \ ~:- ~~ ,.. •~ ~ : l i ! n: t::; 1. o half ~: ~ , 1 r : 1u11s ~· Jistl'ib'Jt ;.• ,n n-i , -, ·-. ~ ~ '1 ~' '.:'e. : s s 1 ~ ~-' ~ 1 • th Ls -~LaJ h, adopted in A 2r;:1r , 1 , , he orchards ,·xp 1·(,p ' , :n pt11',- :\Iiri Lind. revert :.: ,, ,n R,0 form through another l n, ,;istnbmcj to cultivators r 1 hi::o c·ase thP area distri­ r, ; :, j , -: L :-i\·ator shall be authorisf:'.d ·o } ,;:: ~,:,J L :::hdl pay the value of the gu\·; ,rnr::,,nt :-::h2 re of trees and instala­ trcns. ') The,; shall be distributed to the peasants c,f the ,irchdrds ':.o be distributed. 3. Thev sh;:,ll bt, distributed to the peasants c•xercbrng orchard nursery with priority being given to such peasants in the area. In both cases. those to whom distribution is effected shall pay the value of trees and installations which shall be assessed in ac­ cordance wHh the assessment rules pro 30 fo1 ;n this Law ,nt:11ts previoush rnade b\- cultiva1 , ,,."' 1' • • . ... ",,. ,L be <•,r:·•r,uted 11, accordance '.V:'.h '--•,u:-,i\· \-~iLd l;:nvs. :ind the said va'.,H-' c!cdth:t the-'!'• 'rr1rn. If. howe,·pr . r r·;•\" r 'lS pay -,.•,ts sh,111ld exceed ·re ''•' ' neci ·,,be. rwthing shall· be• 1 1 :i ·: -::·1 1 : , ~he:-~-: L p •. ;1, ' -r :iila,,;;" :• . ,f thos,· to whorn , 'i • -~ n-:arl,· · ·. dvr pate";, J. ~ 2nd , : ,- cf u,, r ;r•·· 0 1·ch:itd c:hal1 }:, sold in 1L· 1-:•· :, -1 r-::.L,-. .: -• .,~1rh 1r1~tr:. ,c t'. 1l\...: J UP is5: ;cd t "\Ju11cil ill t!;i::: ct)!.11'.• ·. 'f. .,, .. iilff' an ,r, -;,,,rd < been dis .. ., ' .- r \.\'"'," has b::,,J'..'h: .3uch or('hard~~ - . h ~-1c-··-,,- ,-:J·n1cr, V./1t11 t e pro,·ision:") nf ~-his :· a-,,1.- "::;~all ( lontir1ue Li:) c·xulni: :f1t-' ~(-~lTle ,,=· a c·ic,ilturaJ and orchar>:»,r.3c·ry -~::­ uc-~, -, ar:d he n1ay n,Jt cru;.{-> i~:; cli•)'jr ~-,: '"t" i~ fnr otl--1er pnrpr:sc~ than i¥ ):~-P ',tioned above .. • .·•,.r pe;;, ,ant to ,vhc1:n land is distri < :.:·Cl. -::· t,~:k .cr:t-1 C - ~lie fullo~.\~ing qualifications: H ':,; p'.·u\·s;;i,Jn shall lx in the agricvltural ~•ld . 1 L; hoiclings u.t agricultural land shall not ;1e less '.hJ.L the limits specified in Article Hi) E:;) Th• ag1 icultural worker shall be con­ :rli·n<i as p,·asan'. for the purpose of distribu ion up01: <n-ailablitiy of conditions mentioned •\'reoJ: however, he shall hold second prioritv , fter the peasant. · 31 C) The Council may cover with the distli­ bution of Arab nationals, graduates of agri­ cultural colleges, institutes and schools, as well as any ,ther citizen whose profession is con­ fined t.o agriculture, regardless of the condi­ tions mentioned in para. (A) hereof. D) Priority in distribution shall be deter­ mined in accordance with instructions to be issued by the Council. · E) Distributed land may not be acquired on the basis of atonement or overjudgement. Article 19: 1. An area from the im."estment unit shall bf distributed to tLe investor within the limits spcciiied ia Article Of) ht reof if his actual cigricul:, ,ral practice has been proved ha•,:.:: ex:,-,1.jed over the 5 years preceding :hr E:ifec in- datt: uf :'.,is Law. 2. No distributio11 shall be made to the in­ vestur if l,,: h. ~ ~:-:r<her agricultural land whether lL~S: ~<~ G :hf·reby. Tapu autho rised o:.: le-ng-: -;:.,;.:::c 'L'::'reto. with an area being tama:-nr·.:·,1• t- - fr,e distributi::m limit specified in Aniclc (16) herPof a nJ if his holdil1gs were less. then a co1:1plementary area shall be awardeci thereto. 3. The plants and immovable installations put up by the investor within the area dis­ ributed thereto shall be considered within such land; if that should contradict with the interests of the Agrarian Reform then he shall be reimbursed for the value thereof after assessment under the provi- sions of this Law; the reimbursement shall be paid from the Council's budget. If, however, the investor's actual agricul 32 tural practice is not proved ·and he had cultivated part of the land, then only such cultivated area shall be Tapu-authorised in his name provided that such plantation should not be less than 40 trees per do­ num and the age of such trees should not be less than -(3) years Article: 20: Provisions of Article (18) shall apply to: 1. The lessee of pure 1v1iri land at Abu Ghreib Irrigation Projl ct as per contract with th~. gove!'nment dated prior to July· 14, 1::-J58.-- If howcn·r. his actual agricul­ tural prncticf> is no: proved thercjn, and he had cultiv~ated m area thereof. then onl~ S:J.ch cult~\·ah;.f arE>~i shall be Tapu­ authorisec: i:1 ·:is namC' c,nder thf: same conditi,,r:c: r: r-r H•nt.0 d ir; parct 1;-; 1 of Ar­ ticle- (JY) Tf--,. r·.,:n. :1 shJI issu"-' a sta::.•­ men: 1,, •' :L -: -i,.-fo::n'- the lands-,:: whic!·, •,:·0 •0 ,, :h1:-: A 0 ·ticle bl!':·, jp ply \VFJc: >··:•,·!:::,re S,ilC! pt ··c:t. 2. The sl--i: ·· ,, . ,-,; p;-i, ;:·i', -J,:.lc'i,T ;n ·Thiqar (..;,, ern , ! • , , w ·:ncrl:-,· ·xasst~1·iyc, l. Article 21: 1. The prim~r; ,' ,111ractor. the official agen~ and the practiser in pure Miri land at al­ Hawija Projec. Kirkuk Governorate. shall be entitled to the land under their disposal provided that its area should not exceed: 300 donums of naturally (rainfall) irrigated land, or, 150 donums of flow or mechanically irrigated land cultivated with wheat, barley or other winter crops, or 50 donums of flow or mechanically ir 33 rigated land cultivated with paddy or other summer crops. 2. The secondary official contractor shall be entitled to the land at his disposal pr, J­ vided that its area should not exceed l \\·u­ thirds ·Jw : ·nits specified in para. \1) herco!. ? Holder of pnority right (al-Mahra:-r1 "re­ ligious man··) shall be entitled to the land previously at his disposal in accorda:1ce \Vith the local agricultural dealings pro­ \·ided that its area should not exceed 60 d\mums of land cultivated with wheat. barlc·y or other winter crops and irrigated b-,· f-low or mechanicallv: 120 donums of ,:;{ich land is irrigated by rainfall; 25 do­ muns ot' land cultivated with paddy or iither summer crops. 4. Pan;iers in one contract both in regard u ufficial. primary or secondary contrac­ tors in :\faysan Governorate, shall be con­ sidc·red a~ one person. 5. No distribution may be made to anyone who has agricultural land possessed there­ by. Tapu-authorised or long-leased. with an area exceeding the limits specified in this Article. If total holdings of such land under his disposal is less than the said limit. the area of the land at his disposal shall be awarded thereto. However, if his holdings are less than the limits specified in Article (16) then an area of land, equi­ valent to the complementary portion to the distribution limit specified in the area shall be distributed thereto. 34 Article 22: 1. The distribution eff ec, d under Artidt'S 19, 20 and 21 of tris Law shall not contra­ dict with the in; t.:rests uf Agrarian Rt·­ form, or otherwi:se an equivalent area in the same region sha l I be distributed. •1 The regular heirs oi · 1:'.•<;e entitled tn :,.., tribution under Articli ·s 19. 20 and 21 shall be considered as one person. ,3. Upon combination between two or more types of land. an adjustment shall be made in accordance \Vith ·he proportions of the limits legally specif ,,d for distribution. Article 23: l :j 4. The land distributed under the provisions of Articles 18 and H1 h~·rcc:·. whose distri­ bution decision ha,, acquir, d the final degree, shall be register,,ct in the name of the person to whom i; is distributed, 5 years after his recupt th--rt<}f undt:r a de­ cision by the Council The land distributed urvL i the provisions of Articles 20 ;.:;nd '..21 }w;- : shall be rPgis­ tered in the name of i. hos(~ to whum ii is distributed afk,· the distributi011 decision has become final. All agricult ::ral lanci distributed thus, shall be Tapu-au' horised and provisions of this Article shall apply to lands after distributed and appropriatt d after the ef­ fective date of Agrarian Reform Law No. 30 of 1958. Tapu offices shall effect registration in im­ plementation of provisions of this Article free of duty. in accordance with the deci­ sion of the ·council and without any other 35 formal1 ties, with registers and documents to > H1 iusted in accordance therewith. Article 24: ing: 1. ') :r 4. 5. The :ee shall abide by tbt, follo\v Unci : he cultivation of the hmd -1 is tribl, •r,,Te'u and cxl'rt due a1:v111,un th,·rHo c1L.~ avoid all that migh:. :·cJuct: . - - - h ' -- ' - -- h Hs p'u,·, .:- ,:y:. c snaL res1ck Ui t 1e JJl;; ·.:t · -; ~:cl>'C~lied !h.e:·efrom in tb.c cii.3:ri­ Dtl ~lC.1.!1 al'(•a. Joi'. thc:0 , Jjpcratin- ~ocicty set up 1.mder th~:-: I .. <-t'-.\~. ar1,.! caTr\~ OLlt its clec1-sic:1s and ",\ ci ali :h,< n,ie-!;t hind.l'r ;ts underta1r­ rn; t}lt :;r,:i-ca:iu;i:; entruste,i therdo ir. C, . ~Js . ; ;, , t:--: i}.:-,:rib',)ti011 u11dc~ .. i·\rticles 18 an F ,- r, , ,1 is concerneci. R. ·· .::;,. ::·,,n-, :,,.,, transfer of title-dc·ei..; u~ }a,: l d'-•:-ib1.LecL i:1 as r:rnch as distribu .. : ~;;-• A-\ ~-!ltl( 1.8 ant:1 10 hereof i~: cr:,.n Ax id ·: ,; '.<,,;": :;· 1 c,.~~-a1!~t~n+,c ~1\"to th~~ er ,, ,n '· , ., '" ,no LC· ,he land di::, t 1 , i:n:; <i ,mo,,r Article 18 of this Law. A void an)· "·.io1aton of an:· fundanemal undt•ru:iking provided for by the Law. in structions. statt°r>,ents and orders issued by the Council and other competent au­ thorities. Article 25: 1. If the distributee fails to meet his obliga­ tions specified in Article (24) hereof, he shall be subject to investigation by a spec­ ialised committee which may take a deci­ sion to the effect of nullifying the distri 36' bution, cancelling ,: " registration and re­ covering the land ::•1cr(•from. The planta­ tion and installatioLJ P'lt up therein shall revert to the agrarian reform at their value, and the>- shall be eligible for ex traction after t ;,, decision of such cancel­ lation becomes ·'nal by approval of the Council The distrib~, ; , ·e UL, i• ·r Articles 18 and 19 hereof mas: lemand the cancellation of distribution. i1 rncJ:·t· than half the area of the plot distnbu·0d therc+,J becomes non-arable by fv rY maje:.:ri>. or if he fails to undertak,. agricultural activi­ tit'S therein. 1 ,1 , f Le c :., <ht,:-; a;r, other pro­ frssion than ag ricuhc; r, The specialised cun1rni1tee s}1a]l ~11,Te~ti .i. :he ~11ar ter ar,.d issue a decisic n ' l : :;," , 0 ffcct of uch C' ncnllation Prr;\·;si 1 )'1S r,t '.)y, p: , ·V ous p2ragraph sh;:dl appl:: ::., :·,' prnv ded .. -h-t- ·1 t .. ; and ·•n"t,J-'.;,,., --h, 1 be ,i dv p.an auQTI • :.1:-,cd·,ci,,•,, ; .'::,,ctL ~ a.3sl~ssed 3CC\Jrdin g Law. })l"()\-i.~lOn:::; ·his \ rticle 26: ,~: +.--,·-c,r:1,.n•,-:1·e ,1·1 n·,a,· 1)e n,:,c1·p of rhe ', • , ~ 1. (1 S .J. • •~ j ; , . .1 • .l • , ~ \ I l .. .. ... , ~ "- ' "· · p u ·;•'f1()1 '<:od a, ,r1·-"lllt 1 Tal l~rnd •() an:sas J...Q -CtU, ~.i.,,•,. Cc,..1..t.. , .. Ac ~ L ·~ less than the distribution limits specified ··or ,he ;:;1·oa r0 xc·Ppt b\-- apprc,val of the ~ .... l ,£ ,.. V. , •- • ·. V Council. If the distributee covered bv ArticlE:s 18 and 19 of this Law passes away, th,)n his heirs of those who represent them ]r,gally shall H'port to the Directorate of Agrar­ ian Reform in the Governorate notifying of the heir who exercises an agricultural profession \Vhom they accredit to deal 37 with : f . Agrarian Reform. 3. If an·. · " ~he heirs there is no one who prac·; an agricultural profession and no ·1 the minority age to be repre ser ·, , ; , a custodian. then the Agrarian Reforr:1 shall recover the land after pay­ ing ,,,c \·alue of plantations and installa­ tion~ :hi ·•, 1:1 to the heirs of the deceased distntn. :e,· Article 27: 1. The dec1::,ions of the commit:c,•;-; SE:< up un~er pro\·isiorn~ o f Art:ck,15 of tllis La,\· shall not be cons1dt"L·d as !1nc,l unless ap­ pron d b:. l'ouncil. 2. 3. The Council. \Vh,·n such clt·cisions arc n.'­ ferreci. thereto. rca~, ap iru\'C. am0 n- '.. , ~,n­ cel or wke a clt·ci:,;ion i:: r<·latio!: :here+, .. and its ci,-cision in t::i;:; connection shJll oc f nal and binding in 2ny disputt' emanat 1·,, n· ·1· n· ,he t·1·1·g·;,.1" 1 .·,\"Il'0 r,·1,;p ,,,. ,~,--..· .1,.1.b l. U Li '-- .J < J.t I.Al. .. , ,-\, 1.... ... , -.1 ,· '-J..I. Gl~l,• L~ht: the Council rnJ.\ al~u correct the .. . . 1 l ' • ·1 . . 1 . . . wn: ten rr;at< na anr·, 1"c::a m1star-::es 1n its dec\sions. The c,)uncil rna.-· ~t·t up c1 Body '.:."ntitled the A2rarian Reform Cassation Bod,;. \\'ith memb.ership not less than (3): the ·Minis­ ter of Justice may second any magistrate of Grade 1 or 2 of legal service grades. to th.:.' membership of such Bod:: The Bodv mav be convened bv th.' DrP­ sence of 3 of its members. at lcas·t. and ir,.;:i· take its decisions b'.· majority vote. and upon equal votes. the side comprising the chairman shall win: the Bodv shall be presided over by the most sen°ior of its members. 38 4. The Council rna.) d ,r horise the Body to exercise powers pru\ ,w 0 d for in para. (1) · hereof or part + h,,,; ec,t. CHAPTER W IN AGRICl'LTl RAL RELATIONS Article 28: Th<:: agricult;.,1,: ,•Iationship existing up on ~he- implcmentat ,, ·. of this Law shall be maintaineci and orgar:.~,<:f bttwer'n parties to such agricul'.u:·al relat1u·,s11iµ :is from the be­ gi'rnin.; of the agricuhural s, 0 ason coinciding wi:L the imp]i>mentation of thJs Law in ac­ cordanu., v ith th, ! !!,,'. 1:i~:'.! Articles. Article 29: 1 1. 2 •) d. T}w pc·ac.;.:1:'1t o,·, ilti\ ,,.,r n-:a~.· not be di:o­ mi-ssPd f rorn :}> la·1d or the orchard . '. - b d . d a~a1n;;; nis CL·s11,- an; rr1c,v nut e en1e · ... h.=i, r~.---.1 + ~."· ,~.-:,.,. ... - ~ ~· t; ... c,-t ,1,=;:1. ce.1 U.:,L,ec; . llllga.ion ffiE::'ans except ·::, •r, 0:ioLtlL:.; .( tundamental obli­ gati,,r: pc,,·idE0 •l f,,r /.)\ the contract or the L~rw. T:,c Crn:ri!, ': ·;: · · :'· the con tracts re­ l.; :i-d :o as,r:,·,' · , ·. i 11::· lands distribu • , .. -1 ;,,. ri, .. · \ JT··,·,,, ;; :°(,,·n, 1·n :·,ccordance , '--..al l J"' c..J., • , •• .. . j, • .., .a. .l • - ~ . :t '!.:~--~-jL ~ .. --\r1:i ~,'J lf-; ~-i 1~1. T: .. CiUlL:: ma· y· vir~uc of the public in1 ;,. ,: issue °'.:,t, rnent trJ the ef­ fec: oi : I·,~inat 1 :1~ l 1-:c· :1gricultural rela­ • :;.~ish:p in spc,·i1ic rc·~i-:1ns.or areas of land er in connt·crion with a specific type of agncultural relationship in specific reg­ ions nr areas of land or in connection with 39 a ·-J pe of agLculturc 4. ln:;1: : ,, issued bv the Council shall spt, · , · pr;)cedures to be followed in k1 : · ng :>•e agricultural relatic,nship a IF, ·, ,Q&.,:m; contracts. and the con St'q : . , .. , ·:- emanating therefrom. Article 30: A) Th · . -r· of the agricultural lane: or the.orchard ·.'i..1:i extend t,·, 'he peasant or t1Jl­ tivator the u,ll 1J\V1ng: 1. 4. 5. Tb, agricui: :ral land and fr:n possibility uf d1sp.osal t h:re7o, for the purpose of ex­ ploiti ;g :: in accordance writh the cont­ ll·act. fr•? Law and :i:e ;nstructions. 1rri2"ct,iu:1 '.':,,:,•.·to be :\(r.<:ed to '.he bor a1ei-·, ... ···" 11'1,..\ -!.,r1-. .... nr n,P("1""1a'\,""\:f'Jll"T,- cc~n-4 J--'- :': ( ' ;. ,. ~ : •- :. cJ ..:.. ; - • ....,. ~ • • ~ L l. J. - ~ - , • "';e\· .. -..-.-L : f : :·1·.·1 •:·-. is 110 third part:y .. to under­ ta(f --~-11~ -:,~;,}i.1.a: ·(·n i11stead .. The sh .. ds ,, ,,·;ir.-d for pl~1?t~tion., if the pc,•~ar,1 d,. ,·--anci,~d ~his. v:h1cn shall then be cn:1sid,. ·s:J ;,s an a,1u1nce to be reco­ \~f'red. t r1·1r"":1 ~ ~~t·· crdps i11 kind and at s imi 1.;r quantit:· :nm, t.r.t: peasant's share; howen:>r. i~::; :ceu\·\.'ry shall be deferred to a follov,-ing suison if thC' crop emanatmg then,Jrom- should be damaged by force majeure. Chemical fertilisers. insecticides and anti­ fungus drugs. with their cost to be r?co­ vered from the beneficiaries at proport10n­ al rates commensurate with the share of each from the output. The agricultural advances necessary for the peasant and for the land service, until the end of the season. at a reasonable am 40 ,, P ,t to be agreed up,,,;" : ,. .,-een the two ~ 1drties. \J that is traditi,,nai~:- ,·,insidered the ::~•-:: of admm1stra, 1- ••1s.; :i:,·~ilding the or .,nisation and pr.J\·,...:.m uf safe c1stodv : crops in the far::c ,rnd the obligations :· agents and forerrH·'.' as wc-H as all con­ ' ct0d services or cla ·.:- :o be subm1 tted , .. :nvernmvnt author'·,. · · land o~·n~r shall t •• ,., sponsible for ,u:1agemcnt m the iu} :, :n·;gated by ; ,,. or b~· mechanical d•· +" :-;uch de , :; ar~ .. .poss;•::,:-;!-U th.e:·, i .-~L.·r (Ji tne ae\~1cc----. ~tiall , !...;. · t1e ·-.j; ··-le \11 a.gticultural , ,perations required by ,,gricultu: ·,; prod~tc' uT beginnin~ ·xith ,o\-,·:ng !: -;;c-eds c:.~Hi c•nJir.g v.;iih the har­ , ,,,s:, ilC,L:-i.bh the p1·eoaration of the land ,, bT plougl1ing. sowi11g the seeds. fertilis­ jng. ir;:igating dredging water canals and ini .. E·n1c.1 drainage system, weeding. and r·omb:...: :ng agricultural pests manµalh·. 41 4 5. .,fa;" if h, \L O! t j ' ' ' ,,-; artO ;,.,.:0a1Pd bY no\" . .-L - " l ~ ~ .1..b ... '- a/ 1. • • ·,idc.' therein. nt i': ~ht· L:tnds irrigatPd by do\\. r ;icai deYiCPS if the person :·es­ t hen+, re .c.houL. fail :n de S·>. ·mer; r.1aY be re .·hed . r: t'.w ,Jf cerulin i)liga:ionc fr: "· ,,, n:' parties tn ~ h? :Jtlwt. r:w1·:c:hip in O'.':(' un-~], -, . ...:. . Artidt· ,, ' ...... 1 ' 1. T:Y ing· ·\ii .Ut' ct' h u :-l l :;g ~-·1 t, · ... ..;., ., -~ 1: :d r:· nur,, Fe1··: i , :~- .. -- ·i:•j. ~ " · ,::'./:; 2 .i J. c· ;J~\\ ~: an :11~ ·'j ·:-r,. • 1: CT. S~, 1r1-- , .:::-. e. t-Ia1·\"'t:~s~ ; "~ ~ . l i. :·-:SC~: (d" l rl ' C ~f); :n. ~~ , (1 -c:.. .. · h: ~ 'r ' ~-.... C. '~=-.:. i. ~ t ~- :·. ! 2·; :·- ' ,;.,', c01·.ct1~. ,., -f .r-r.; .:.~ 1 r1 l , . ~- : :·: ~~ 4} i r.·, ~J ,. \.,. J l~ ::-, ~d carr'\· ~-)ti l }'·- ., ,[ °"u t f1 1 ' ucr· -~ ~:.:-:·., L ~!­ ::i·1r1 aretl n t}-ir /:1rn--:. t' ~\1J,~ .... ~ ... ·)'--TY': --- .. J... -' d.Ll\.J: L • ..:.J~ ; to rn :: (.., h . g. ,,rnn ,attln:, di1d t!'c)}"}~f}' · ~!". ·:1·~:· nc: C"ntn :..: l'>~ i.Jltural fJt:.'~t:-;. The costs of mclterials and equip-r , -1 t rec1 l~; --;.:,rJ i 11 accorc1 ;-·,. r1c i. \x/1 th PD r8 s. <' (~) (F) and :ransportati:m and marketinl!, E'XD n­ ses nrn':ided for in na3''1. (G) ab/)ve shnll be afforded equally by' the cultivator and 1and owner. 42 1 ne peasant in '· · ·•1t: followmg Under tak:1 tor. \.-xcept ,. lanu and plo, undu,take tht '-lpon for tak;r: inthout afford : .. . ' . 'a1.c and eq:11pr l\larkctinl'.: 1 -r1 ~r;s spec·1t1t:·',~­ cc1,;1L G\\.~rt• l :er h,-. c·r:-.pl, •)•). >~. '.7.C,':. '~:, ~ fl( ;~ •--~ ~i1all abide by ' :~ n: the cultl\ a­ ·\·elop,nent of t trees: he shall ·SJ;'y works agreed ·,f the orc!1ct1ci. cc-sts of mate". 1 dn~·r~; r1at1on expen­ ! :-C .i <i1a1l be af­ .. -~c p1; -· ct -.~1 ,-, : d r10 : :··ul~ iY ~·- · ' p ,.,~no :11.at pu: 1\' ;::;•:· : ~i. er· ·r~ tf.:.t::\ , -:-111 >:. cc~ '., !.l1. upor [io11s !) ; ; ry: t- '\.-~1 ') f' •..l';. r-' ".J"'"'(":"'!""°f"\" · u l..tl •. a<. JLC;. \\" ;. : )j('~. ~ -, . -. ! " ct'.2:': .. ltura l. JJrc~ii.,.--:,~i.·-n t':::~c i:,.. - :, necl 111 :/:rar:an !-~t·i' r11. aL--· , - ~)P it~ 1f·~ ~:~~lll' ! . ~ ---: ! . -:' ~ }·;. : ::)~Ll r· re P"l(! :1ti: tf1~-~· agric · .-.) 2fft?cti.\,..c ~~ :}.. , Sf<1-- · ~ ~- -1 ; 1-n,s L,:1·,i. ,: \, . ~ -• b2 Conni~ --- ssu, • ·,,:, :•r·..: tot ·-:",:·ct ·,f ,m,-, ,i('na} ri 1 <~n bvwn ci ·,t:l ~t ;:i 3 fro• ::i.gr; : , ital seas<Jn 1.vhich ,11:::>\\'S ·.b: e!l2ctiY· . :, of this Law. The ·-iun:il L,a:: a1so ic~ , n t arncnding rs and 1.hr' propon,, · n a-::·cordan,,,' with \ ....:,uch statements shall , )fficial Gazette. 43 .;;tatements to the ,i.rnging such fac­ due there against :us areas. L,~ published in th~ 2. In ar1-'huds: a. "n.e actual cultivator continuously ex­ Ncising his work in taking care of the orchard - the land and trees - shall be entitled to half the fruits of palm tret>s and other types of trees. together with their wood and all other v,·aste. within the area covered bv the culti­ vatiun contract. His share from the cultivation of farm crops under such trees shall be determined in accordance with para. ( 1) hereof. b. The actual peasant continuing his work in taking care of the orchard - lands and trees - shall be entitled to have the fruits of palm trees, other tvpes of trees as well as their wood and all other waste, within the area where he works alone if there is no culti\·ator ac­ tually continuing his work there. c. The actual peasant continuoush· under­ taking his work in taking care of the orchard with the actual cultivator con­ tinuously working there. shall be en­ titled to half the share due to the cul­ tivator of the fruits of palm tree~. other types of tree, their wood and all other waste, or whatever remains thereof in the area covered by the cul ti va tion ('nntract. d. The peasant's share from the cultiva­ tion of farm crops, cultivated under the trees shall be determined in accordance with para. (1) hereof. 3. Agreement may be reached on increasing the peasant's share of farm cultivation and in orchards; however, any agreement 44 4 5 to the effect of lowering the above shares shall be considered as null and void. Any one vi.:ho provides any of the factors of production specified. in the above-men­ :ioned statements shall be entitled to the i: roportio~ specified therefore. 1 he relat10nship betwa•n the land owner .. nd actu al cultivator shall only be direct. , .- 1 !Ticdiatwn shall be banned in this con­ · .. dwn. : ·;,• agricultura; tax shall bf• deducted ,n1 the outpu; crnd calcula~r·J on b:)th · ,;es in acconiancc with ~p. ;:,i'.:cd pro­ , '.ions l decision of the ::\Imistc· · of Agra~·:an · ,.,rm, a committee sh2ll be set up in ·, administrative unit unrkr the chair­ , riship of the head of such administra­ ·-· unit in the district or sub-di.-;u-ict \Vith •nbership comprising a representdtive m. Agrarian Reform and a representa­ , from peasants cooperati\·es. to under­ , Ke the settHng of disputes related to , , t·icultural relationships mentioned in ,,,, Law. ie comJ:?ittee ma\ •mpose temporarv :.• ~1:1estrat101:1 on crop:- subjects of dispute .nlll such time as St•ttlement is reached (,d fi~ally approved. The decision of the · · mm1ttee 1:1-~Y be subject to objection ·1:1 th a specialised committee at the Go­ ·..-.-arnorate. 2. By decision of the Minister of At!rarian Reform, a committee shall be set up in each Govemorate under the chairmanship 45 o.f • .~cial to . be nominated by the Govw-twr and membership of two rep­ retNIC.Uves from the Agrarian Re­ form a,od peasants cooperatives, to con­ sider ob ,ections to the decisions of dis-· pute settlement committees related to dis­ putes emanating from agricultural rela­ tionships. Such committees~ decisions shall be final except for those related to the termination of agricultural relationships which only become final after approval by the Minister of Agrarian Reform. 3. Decisions shall be carried out immediately except for those related to the termina­ tion of agricultural relationships, through administrative channels. 4. The courts of justice shall not consider the dispute related to agricultural relation­ ships; they shall refer such cases to the above-mentioned committees for consi­ deration. 5. TheCouncil shall issue instructions con­ cerning the terms and formalities connec­ ted therewith. Article 34: 1. Any peasant enjoying the qualifications for distribution or contracting, having hired, or cultivated, a land belonging to Agrarian Reform or its administration shall be liable to paying the share due to Agrarian Reform fro~ the crops of such land, as specified in the Law •and state­ ments issued thereunder, whether he has or has not cultivated the same. 2. Anyone who . encroaches, on cultivation, on any Agrarian Reform land, or any land 46 under the Agrarian ri, t. ,rm administra­ tion, spall be liable t<1 ,. ,iouble the share due to the ~grarian ~t rn. The Supreme Agricuh:., '. ,, Council shall issue instructions conceni.h~ the adminis­ tration of the said lands ,t1,nng a transi­ tional period betwf'en re<r., ~ ~ inning and distribution. •rticle 35: Ag~inst payment of cash reimbursement, agricultural pumps irriga~ing a land be­ longmg to Agrarian Reform or under its administration shall be taken over; this shal1 also cover the rights related thereto and n•gistered with Tapu offices. and also the· area they erected thereon if such is deemed necessary for the cultivation of the land, or if the owner of such pumps failed. without legitimate excuse. to ope­ rate such pumps. The competent committee shall effect such requisitioning as mentioned in para. (1) hereof as per the instructions to be issued by the Council. However, its decisions shall only become final after approval of the Council which may amend, cancel or approve such decisions. The pure Miri land requiationed thus as weU as the buildings installed thereupon shall be registered pure J!roperty in th~ name of the Ministry of Finance for Ag­ rarian Reform purpose after payment of reimbursements to their owners or depo­stua« such payments in their name with the notary pulllte. ,., . .; } 2. Th.: M,n :;ter of Agrarian Reform may ord,·t the effect of temporary sequestra Ht,, ny agricultural pump and its ac cea. .~ if such action is deemed neces­ sary . the jn:erests of agricultural pro­ ducti, •L with ,,,xp.:..nses to be paid there­ upon an,'. cs L:::.1la ted within the 3mounts due to its .:rnd ,: irrigates: the pumps shall not be han·-cd (Aer to its owner before the end ot Lie agricultural season during which tempc:·ar~- seq:.1es ~ration has been effected. The ter:nporar:c-· s, r:,f0 strarion of the pump and access0riEs ·" 1all b? £or a period not exceeding tv,-o s ·-:: agricultural sea­ sons: if it turr" v,,: tc prov£:: that the rea­ sons for S-.h ).~ '<:c-n:1pc::-ary Sequestration were still \·aLd. ,hen pe:·manent taking­ over shall b<" effected in accordance with the D ,·ryisio,..,, ,,f A"~;cL0 <T; he·r~of "'- ~ .) J. ".; ,, .>.-. .... - ~... - "- ~ • ..... • Article 37: 1. 2. 3. By approval of theic c1\v:1ers, pumps and agricultural rn2:.:i1int0r:, r:1ay be substi­ tuted for the pun:ps. machinery and tools belonging to the Agrarian Reform if such measure is deemed to be necessary for the administration or cultivation of Agrarian Reform lands. The substitution of the pump. the tool or machinery, may be made for one or more, or by exchange of shares for shares. If the values of substitutes were different the substitute of the lesser value shall af . ford such difference in value. • The tltlt:-Lin· vert to th~ the subst1L' p~1rt:--~ b~ decision , : • malities ot ::ihall be df 1·, 'Plt:>nce. · ,,, bUbstitute shall re­ '',· . , , nd the title-deed of ,1 !l revert to the other : . ;,'.<ition of substitution , ~ .. ,·•1 bv the Council For­ ~nd crDss-delivery •r payrnent of the dif 5 ;· ;:1:· Council ::'f ;: • , -,sue th..- instruction •, vssitated b· s....,<·t formahttt-s ClIAPTU IV u, AGRICl.LTl'RAL t·oOPERATIVE SOCIETIES \ t °'" It> 38: \}~ricultural c1 " ,p,·•·jt1,•,, societv shall hf, , ,~anised be:-.\·,.,:r: ~r;•;:-:,, :,, wh~m land is t,stributed and Anidt- ll.8) and (19) of 1s Law and p,~1,,an:s \vho have hired ... nd belonginc1 ,: :uuwct to the adminis ration of . .\r;c ar ,J n Ref t1rrn. The society nay includ, ;n .ts nwn1bership those ,, hose lcinJ:, ,, r, d. does not exceed the ,;aximum lirrut of djsr.ribution. if they so ,iesired . Collective farms sh,;, '.tt• established bv · hose who participat· ' , their labour and neans of product inn · , ne economy of the .. ·ollective coopera\, s, K.:iety with a view :o exploiting thei -:c.;.1urces on the basis of collective own,· 1 ship of means of pro­ duction and collect1vt: work, for the coor­ dination of their n,utual interests and ef­ forts, and tht' distnhution of income bet 49 • - ,.- " . · r.- ·r i.n accurdance with the plinci­ ~ tCllf1 · ules of socialist cooperation. Al'tWlt• a. Ttw 1..·1-K~rative societies and collective farms ~.;tJiished under Article 31 of this Law Iha, ; r<'solve to aci~ieve the follow­ ing obje( · · v,--:, 1. OrgaruSci l ion of various agricultural production, and its stages. and under­ taking all t he re quirements related to the exploitation of the society lands. the farm and members. 2. Assisting members in the implementa­ tion of the agricultural programme for­ mulated by competent authorities to develop the economy of t he society and of the farm and to increase agricultur al production. ., · Providing all the requirements of the society and farm, as well as their mem­ bers, of materials, accessories and tech­ nical equipments necessary for the im provement and increase of agricultural production. 4. Ownership and hiring of agricultural tools and machinery, and also means of transportation, and the use of che­ mical fertilisers and insecticides. land reclamation and improvement. 5. Marketing the output of the society and farm, as well as their members, and ·Wldertaking all the requirements of marketing process e.g. collecting, clas­ sification, preservation, storage, can­ ning, packing, loading, transportation, 50 f , sale to State organisations. or offenng of products on internal or external markets. Improving housing and hving condi­ : ions and contributing to the improvc­ : uent of social . education . and health , iandards in the countryside. and parti ,pation in the reduction of discrepancy ,. ,,ween the countrysidt> and metropn :a n areas. rr1Jwing and lending the members : he reaHsation of tht• objectives of .nciet:"-' and -farm lt'naking :m y oth• ·,.. 1bl1gations that ·, .1ncr t. hP :nt,•r••~1,, , ,f the societv. the . · ,1, and nwn 1bf•r~ p rovided that· their .. ds ,hall 1mlY be in \'PSt Pd for tht • . • :>P~•·· ... ~pPetfi;·,d if·, ··h1-; Art iclf>. : • i (·:-- u l tht• society crnci ; he farm shal l · · li int>O tu th~ S€'n·i e t 1 . ,f their mem ­ : hey may ex• ,-nd ~o'1H' uf such ser ~ to ot ht:>r '- li ft , · :· th~' needs of their ·,bers ha,·t ·,, · r: met and when such · ·nsion uf 1nteres'.. for them w hich would p realise t h( •ir objectives. Lt-nding ope , ' ins shall unJ\· be confined to the mem ·s \, .,. ~-It' 40: ·· he coo~•rnt1n.• society and collective : :, , established under A ;t;·de 31 of this Law ~" -~Ii have a juristic persr..nality and the right . .,wnership of moveahl.., and immoveable pr-.,perty, and a right to ~uding contracts. t:baputes and all that mi.,,M INd to fostering 'hfrir interest.. ll A.,. ... ti 1. Th, , .:l ~ ural cooperative societies es tabi 1- r . • ;nder Agrarian Reform Law No. 30 ,,r t: ,,1d cooperative societies and collt-'• : ~ :·ms established under Ar tick ·Us L.,w shall be excluded from th· ,, . - · nns of Cooperative Societ ies La,.a. v -.. nr 1 q59 (amended). 2. T:"1,: CoUJ;, : -11aJI issw, instructions spe~i­ fyiug thr :·i·•,:T1 ;1Jities of establishing such societif'" ;rnd farns. their resgistra­ tion and rr ... -r: · >:crship condition therein: such ins"tn;c:H:n" shall also cover specifi­ cabon of ma11Jgcn1ent. conventions financ­ ial affairs anc! :-=upen·isiDn thereon. amend­ ment of their articles of association, dis­ solution. liquidation and all the conseq­ ;,eees emanating therefrom. as well as all ·· her rPlative rnatters \ctiele 42: 1. These societies and farms shall participate in establishing cooperative federations between: them. and may establish joint societies or farms. participate therein and merge therewith. 2. The Council1 wh~n necessity arises, for the interests of agricultural qevelopment. may order to the merger of two soieties, two farms or more in one society, or one farm. Artiele 43: 1. Societies and farms established under this Law shall be exempted from stamp duties, and all other charges of formalities with the notary public, duties of the registra.: tion of moveable property and estates with 51 ·l gm·ernment departments, duties on the registration of for1i-,ctlities and guarantees, de .. with all offi, ,,: and unofficial depart­ :~;ents. includm ... ·he Chambers of Com­ merce and Ind1.~• rv and the Federation of Industries. · · The societv and ~ ,ff'i1 shall be entitled to , h previleges aceor,led to industrial pro­ j, ., .. :, ~mder the pn1' ·1s1ons of Law for the p: : ,c,tion of ind1.l:--'"'1al proje<-ts, as per a · 11nend3.tion cf Thr~ctorate General of 1lt u:·al C'oop('rat:on and Production ipptoYal of tht '\1'inistry of Finance. CHAPTER\' \ll~CELLANEOr~ .\RnCLES Artld-" H: ·', '·,,1inci1 n ;; . irHt:·rpn•! tht..· provisions .Jf 1 L , ,, · ,· and , '. :s d, dsion in this connection ;hal• · -'1·u•1 .i ·uiding lf•!-{is1at1ve interpre­ tatk· -•;,·h df··.·>, , .. .., shall iv, nublished in the t)ffiei,i Gaze11•· Article .15: Th,· foll0\\·11,,..:: shall be vxcluded from the µrovis10ns of Chdpter 1 , < this Law. 1. ., The land i't'~dassif, d and expropriated whose cl as:- rectifir;, ·. ,n and exprioration formalitit's had bet·r' , ffected prior to the enforcemNll of thi!-i iw The lands fragmentrt, "lto housing plots and who~ fragm(-:nt..t' ,,n plans have been approved by the cor:t,•r ,.f•nt authority prior to tht:> effertive dau .J this Law. · 53 •. , ..• rvRtil tll illl ··It imprisonment not exceeding 6 indbli& •• a be.. . not e. xce.· · eding ID. 100, or ~. 1IIIIJl be ·dlarged on: 1. ·-.c.·.·.:~. an agricultural relationship ~ .·· · rately encroached on ghares eueri,: tJie shares appropriated for him 'lb(lel" Law. 2. Any party in an agricultural relationship who bas deliberately violated or neglec­ ted })is undertakings to take care of the · 1and, or its cultivation, so as to cause re­ duction in its productivity. Article 47: Punishment of imprisonment not exceed­ ing 6 months, or a fine not exeeding ID. 100, or both, with the possibility of seiz­ ing the land belonging to: l Anyone who embarks on an action that would nullify the provisions of Article (5)of this Law. 2. Any ~wner of land subject to requisition­ ing, who deliberately caused the reduction of its productivity or spoiled its accessories with the purpose of preventing its utilisa­ tion at the time of expropriation. a. Anyone who ceases, without legal excuse to cultivate the lands subject to requisi~ ttomog. Art1e1e a: ~ Courts of justice shall not give hear­ ing to aa,. ease emanatiru{ from the imple­ ~af this Law, and the Tequest.:for the cancetk• of .decisions issued tbereundert cir • • 4wnn ol , •. ·:, .. , .. ~~-: .thereof, not be ~ bf,- le,al c,r ,dminis •■1,e authority. · ••1•11 tt: l. The reqwsitia land shal:l ba registered at the Tapu. offices after ---1 of the req. uisitioning decision by ait Council, and af­ ter the land and tmtaJJation thereon have become free all riabtl in kind. 2. 'lbe estate ri&ht in Aararlan Reform lands aball be considered aa null and void, and compensation amounts paid thereupon at the effective date of this Law shall not be refundable. 3. The Waqf estate right shall be excepted from the provisions of para. (2) hereof, and the provisions of the Law for the Amorti­ sation of Estate Right No. 150 of l968 (amended) shall apply instead, provided that assessment and compensation be made in accordance with the provisions of this Law. 4 Land registration and authorisation at Tapu offices shall be effected in accordance with Article ( 11), and those of land cul­ tivated with trees in accordance with para. (3) of Article (3) of this Law in the name of the Iraqi citizen. Article 50: a. The following laws ud regulations shall be abropt.ed; · 1. Agrarian Reform Law No. 30 of 1958, to,ltther with its· .-ndments,. supple •••• and tb& -, I •ans issued there-•IM . , •• 2 Liaw for the establishment of Agrarian .ReJonn Cassation Body No. 7 of 1960. 3 Law for the Sequestration of Agricul­ tu;·al Pumps No. 65 of 1961 (amended). 4. Law for the exemption of Agrarian Re­ form land hiring contracts from stamp duues No. 61 of 1963 (amended). 5. Law for the requisitioning of long­ leased plots of lands situated in bet-. ween investment units, No. 66 of 1962. 6. Law for the exception of cultivation and agricultural labour from the fore­ closure No. 69 of 1963. 7. Law for the distribution and sale of Agrarian Reform orchards No. 104 of 1964 (amended). 8. Law for the substitution of pwnps and agricultural tools and equipments be­ longing to the Supreme Body for Ag­ rarian Reform No. 119 of 1964. 9. Law for the appropriation of govern­ ment orchards in Basrah Governorate. authorised under Law No. 46 of 1941 to their cultivators. No. 137 of 1964. 10. Law for the appropriation of invest­ ment units distributed under Law for the development and investment of pure Miri lands No. 43 of 1951 (abro­ gated), No. 31 of 1965 (amended). 11. Law for the cancellation of expropria­ tion of pumps and agricultural tools and definition of their rights No. 90 of 1967. 12 L:tw for authorising the comm1ss10n rt1ember, powers by the supreme body for Agrarian Reform No. 135 of 1967. 56 b. 13 Law for appropnating pure Miri land at Abu Ghra1b Irrigation Project No H}Q of 1968. 1-4 Law for the formalities of tilt> salt· uf Agrana11 Reform orchards No 130 (,f 1969 It> l ,a'IA for the exception of distnct ~l 1~1:,t;.. ,-rai Sinjar in Mosul -· from the f,r,...,-,swns o1 Law No. 131 of 1965. No. , Ji ,j 1N9. 1 i; . ....... ;; r the &urve v "f land lights No. .: · y:~ togetht · "" di its anwnd­ ..nd supp[, .. , t.;: ting •A•.;'. ;;: 1 1'-·,~iuns of ·'"'"" :-hall > ,, ... :a 1 1d "1•n.g 01 nut LJ,..,,,. tndr>r r ,a'A ~;. ; bl no~ ·.;"• !;,,~­ \~ ; -, ..• ,: 1 ;c":• "' . shall tJt ,ib: ·,':i·• r, ~ -11 ; ~ . •t • .lit<'. tJ•. '* .;h1 i, ,t becoming , nd pro\·isions ,,,,lied ,·;·pup \rticle 51 This : .. ,a~ ~f: ,.,: •1e dab· .,f b . ,·tte. \rticle 52: dfecli\·, ·<:1s , rom m the r •lti,·i,il G'.1 The Mmist~r"' .11n. charged with th£> exe­ ·ution of this Law 57