Minerals and Mining Act, 1986 (P.N.C.D.I. 153)

4. (1) · The Govemment-&haU have the rig.ht of p~•emption 9f all GoWITTi• minera.111 raised, woo or· obtained in Ghana and fr'()nt any: area :;}t!tlt'srl!ht oovered by territorial waters, exclusive economie zone, or the con-, eru~n. Ul1eulal ~clf .md vf' produat;s. '1crlVW. flVlll the refining or ttcati.uenl of such minel)\ls. · ·' ·(2) ·The Go_VCfllmentniay_. by.an Executive lnst:rument, appoint :my statutory coq,orati~ to. act ~-its agent_for the exercise.of the M.sht -o.f pre..emp'tiO'll ~o.ttfei:red:bySt1bs1N:tion.(i) of t'~s section,

5. (l) The price to OO"pa,i_d fof tninerals or products taken in th¢ ~ to be exercise cf tbe right •of pre-emptioot under sect.ion 4 of this Law P4idyn . sh.all- pre-e;wp11011, (a) where it hM .been prcNideO:fOt in. a wti~ten agreement, be the price specified therein; and P.N.D,C,L. 153. 2 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (b) where it has not been provided for in a written agree• ment, be the publicly quoted market rate prevailing for the minerals or products as delivered at the mute- or plant where the right of tire-emption in Ie&pect of the minerals or product& was exertj,sed. (2) ·Where there is no such 0.greement or prnvaili--og market ·ate, _the price shall be decided upon by an arbitration apPointed mdor the Arbitration Act, 1%1 (Act 38), ., Right of 6. (1) The right of pre-emption under section 4 of this Law shall pre-emption . extend to all minerals or products sold to other customers by the to ~tend to minttals pel'Son aga.inst whom such right is exercised, but which have-- not already oold. left the boundaries, territorial waters-or air space of Ghana.. (2) The price to bo paid for. such minerals or produi:ts sball he the rate provided for in sectioo .S of this lawot the aetua14;)Qlltract price at which such minerals or products wete sold, whichever is less, together with- (o) the actual. cost of traosponatlon from the mtne or plant to the port, railway station or locality to _which the minerals. or products were ta.ken in the eJtercise Or the right of pre-emption; · · (b) any ~ctual penalty Pt" drurutse which the penotl agaiiu.t whom the right-of pre--emption is exercised may prove that he has suffered by reason of any cancellation or alteration of sea, rail, road or air transportation or of cllatter of vessels or planes for the trn.usportation of the miuecal:s oc pnJUucl11; i1.lld (c) any actual cost of insurance of the minerals or products. (3) Any penalty or cost of damage payable by virtue of para- graph (b) of subswtiOU (2) of this section, shall be paid only in roapeot of a ohcuier .::>r freight n.greement entored int 0, for"' porticu1nt" v1>yage or des-patch by &ea;, ait, rail or toad and not in mipect of a general ch.Arter or freight agreement for any prospective voyage or desp•tcl>. Obau.-uct«:m 7. {1} My petaon who- obstructs the Govcmuient or .ito ngcnt ~ O?tgbT"r from exercising its right of pre-emption in respect of any minerals p~mp~iori. or products under this Law_ commits an offence aud shall on sum- mary conviction he liable to a fine not exceeding ~500,000.00 or to imprisonment for a tenn not exceeding two years or both. (2) Where any perso:n is convicted of an offciree under subsec- tion (1) of thi-asection, he shall in a.dditi()n to any othe'r punishment that the Court ma.y impos-e, be liable to _pay an amotllit equivalent to twice the value of the minerals or products and to the cancellation by the SecrdatY of any mineral right held by him un.der this Law, 3 P.N.O.C.L. 153. MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986

8. (1) Wboro a minoral tight fa for reoo11.nMs6f.Ulca, pt(I.\PQOti11g: Co-ry:m-t ot mioing_ of minorals, the Government shall acquire a ten per tent puticlpaikiu. iot.Mest in the rights atJd obligation$ of such mineral operations in respect. of which no finaucia1 contribution shaU bo paid by Govern~ mont. . (2_) The Govo.rnmont shall have the optiou to acquire on so.ch tenns •• shall \,,e ~ ui:,on between the holdo, of• mining leaso and tho Government a further twtD.ty per cent' interest in t!te rights and '-)b\igatit>ffl m, u.y mining operations where any mineral is dis,.. aover«l in oonimercia.l. quatttitioll e!tcept th"-t w~re- the ~,itfoo i, for the mining Qf salt, the Oovemment sba11 havt) the option to acquire .a further forty-five per cent inttirest in the salt operations·. . (3) Whero the parties tail to agree on the terms of tho acquisi~ tion by Govern.ml/mt of an.y intexest in any mineral operations under this sectioo, the matter sha.JI be roferred to arbitration in accordnnce with sectkl\\.3-\ oft\\i& L1'w. (4) The provisions in subsections {1) and (2) of this section shall :uot e~dudc the Government from further participation 11:' any mineral operations and any furthcI parti.cipat.ivu :shu.11 00 uu\lt;:l ~u,.;11 terms as the parties may agrco, PARt II-ADMJNtSD,ATlON

9. Tho Socrotaty sha.U .in con11U1ta.t1on with the- Minerals: C.:,m.- Chi.of mission appoint an officer to be known as the Chief Inspector of Io~p¢tltor of Mines who shall exercise the powt,ts and perform the functions speci- Mine,. fied in relation to.him under this Law, and who shall, under the direc~ tiou of the Socretary1 generaJJy supervise the proper carrying out of the provtslon.s o(tlU& La.w. 10, (1) The Chief Inspector of Mio.es, or an officer authorised by Functior,si,f him ma.y at all reasonable times enter any reconnaissance, pmpect- Chief ing or mining a.tea or any premises in such area other than dwelling houisc, fo.r- MY of the foUowlns Ptu'pot'IC11 - · of ~=tot (a) to bt<!ak ur, the surface of land in sw;:h area for the purpose of ascert.tining the rocks or uun.emla in or \\udtt the land; (h) to tAki, samples or speai:rnen of 1'0Cks, ore or oonoen~ trates, tailings or minerals situated jn 3Jl area. under a. midetal right fodnspeotion or assay; (c) to :inspect the e:xplosives magazine upon any mine and direct in what manner _any explosives shall be stored; (d) to inspect me area of mineral operations to ascertain wht.t'btr trJ>.Y nuisance- is _created in the area by the mineral operations; {e) to examine dOCUff!eltis and tecords required to be kept .under this Law, any r~a.ti~ made tberew<Wr Qt' P.N.D.C.L. 153. 4 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 tlle terms and cona.ltlons or any mineral right and take copies ofsuch documents; · (fJ to enter· into or upon any land· through which 1t may be :necessary to pass for the purpose Qf any survey; or (g) to give directions and effect all acts that are incidental of or conducive to the attainni,mt hfa functions under this Law. · . · C2i Tho Chier' Inspector of Mines or an officer authorised by him shall have power to hold aninquirywheneverafuee>ranoccur- rence resulting in serfous_injury happens on any land subject to a niin1a>ral right. · Mines . 11 •. (1) The holder of a mineral righ~ shall at all times have a . Manager, · responsible mauager mcharge of his mineral operations. · , (2) Tho holder of a mineral right shall notify the Chief Inspec- t.or of Mines in writing of ,w~ry a.-ppoint~ent of a man.--ieer and of -every change ofa manager. . · om1mc1ion 12. Any person. who, without reasonable excuse hinders or lospector . obstructs the Chief Inspector. of Mines or an officer authorised by ofChitf of Mines. film from carrying out !U;lY of his functions under ~is Law commits an olfeUQe and shall be ha.ble on summary con.v1ctJ.ou to a tine not eic.ceeding ~100,000.00 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months or to both. Indmmity . 13. Toe Chief Inspect-Or of Min.es or lU'l, officer authorm;d by him ofolll"-•. snail 1101. be liable ror any thing done or omtned IO be ctone in good faith in the e_xercise of his powers ot functio_ns under this Law. PAR-r !If-MINERAL RIGHTS AND O'rHER LICENCES

14. (1) Notwithstirr:idittg a11y right or title which any person may have te> any land in, upon ot \lllder which mim:rals are situ:ated, no pe.roon shall conduct reconnaissance of, prospect for or nrine- any mineral in Ghana unless he has been granted a mineral right by the Secretary mthe form of a licence or lease as the case may be. (2) The Secretary sllall on behalf of1he Republic have powt<r to negotiate, grant, revoke, suspend or renew any mineral right under this Law subject -to a power of disallowauce exercisable by the Council within- thirty !lays of _su~ g:rao.t, revocation, suspension or renewals. The powers -0f the Secretary under this subsection shall be exercised _en the ad¼ce_ of the Minerals Com.mission. QullliticatioJl 15. Except-for such persons as may be exempted by the Secretary for the grant otl the advico of ,the Minerals Commission or except as other-wise of-mineml provided in this Law, no person sh.all ·qualify for.the grant of a. rights. mineral right untess it is a body corporate or an unincorporated body of persons registered or ~stablished in Ghana under an enact- ment for the time.being in force. 5 P.N.D.C.L, 153, MINERALS AND MININ(J L-;tW, 1986 16, (I) Svhjru:-.t tn th<, provir.:inn_g of' this TAW, a mineral ri_a:ht shnll Ten:us of a be granted by tho- Secretary on such- terms a.nd conditions as the :'fJ~:a1 Secretary may on the advice of tho Min.erals Commission determine, · (2) Without prejudice to subsection (1) of this section every mineral right shall -SJlecifY the shape, orientation and dhne'nfilon, including diagram aud plan of the area to which it relates and shall ha-ve appended thereto a programme of mineral operations approved by the Secretary, 17, (l) All "'flfllir.:itions for tha gr:int, mvocaticm, guxpnnsion or Ar,rl"'Mi,:,ri renewal of a mineral righU;hall be_ 2,ubmitted to the Sectetary in -~mine.Ta).1 accordance with such regulations as may be prescribed. • (2) All applications for the grant or renewal of a mineral right shall have appended thereto a statement 2iving- (a) particulars of· tho financi.a~ and technical resources available to the apPli~t for tbtr mineral operations; (b) an estimate of the _amount of money p·roposed to be spent on the operations; · (c) particulars· of the programme of proposed mineral operationsj and · (d) :particula.n of the ~pplica:ut'&. J?ropo&als with respect to , the ernploywent and training of Ghanaians. (3) Copies of every application shall at the time of.submis- sion of the application to the Secretary be forwatdcd by the appli~ ca.r,t to the Minerals Commission, the Lards Commission, the Forestry Commisstol' in cases where forestry resoUtrel are tO be affeoted by th/ii' mi:o.eral operations ei-visaged, aud the l>ub)ic Agree- ments Board. 18, (1). The Secretary shall nLttify the. applicant LU. writi.llg of his Grant of decision ou the application, and' where the.application -is approved, ll;lUJcnl th.¢ niotifica.tio-n oftlw Q.ppt'O-'lo.l l.lhwl includcthe-ternia.tmd conditiom.1 on which the mineral right is to be granted. =~ a.ud noti11ca- : (2).Where M application is approved and the applicant is ttooofgrant. notified under subsectioll (n of this section, he·shall within six~y days of the date of the nOtification or within such further period as the Secretary 1,lla.Y allow, notify the Secretary in writir.g of hfa aooeptance of the grant, (3) The secretary $,all upon reeei~t t1f the notification of . ilCCeptance. under s:ubsectian (2) Of (his sectton, grant a. mineral right tQ l.lJ.l.'I applicant. · (4) Where an applic<nt who h,.o bees notlt\ed undei this section fails to notify. the Secretary of b,is acceptance ill accordance with sub~ ~ction (?) nfthi~ ~titll'1. thA ttnnlil'Mirm ct,.,11 ,,..,..,.,. P,N,D,C,L. IS:l. G MINERALS A.ND MINING LAW, 1986 (5) A mineral right granted by the Secretarv under this section shall be 'deemed a requisite and sufllcient authorlty over the land in respect of which the right is granted. Tramfur or 19. ·No mineral right or any inteteSt there.in shall be transf~ed. wigrunent ofmim,rnl assigned or dealt with in any other manner without the prior appro- ri«bls. val in writing of the Secretary. No removal 20. (1) The holder of ,a mineral right shall not remove or destroy or minefl1Js any mmeral 9btained by h.im. in the tourse of his mineral 9perations without per,, miftlon. with.out the pmnicsion in writing of the Chief Inepeotot ..of Mines. -Qll . (2) Any permission gmoted under oubs<ction (I) .of this •l>a\l "" '"' '""" """1odloon, •• the Gikl'. ln,,peotor of Mme> may determine. , (3) NotwithRfandina- the pmvisin.n in t.:nhi:~r.tion (1} of thh1 section) cores ·and·.:-liW:llij~ ..may be retained by a holder for the purpose of~s~:i.~ij~fiq(tiou 9ranalysisofthe1DUleral, · (4) Where a.11y'COre or· sample is retained uruler subsection (3) of tlus section~ the _holder shall :maintain in respect of the core or sa.wplc buch pw1icu1"r& a.i, lho Chl~ I:w,pector of Mine:s mlly, in consultation with the Director of Geological Survey detennine sufficient for the identification of the core or sample and the location and geQJogieal horizon ~( its origin, Llceflll(:I for 2J. (l) No person sball obtain, divert, impound or convey water dlvortfo,g from any river, stream or wateroourse for mining or other industrial w11ter. purposes Without a licence granted by the S-"1r)'for that purpose. (2) An application for .licence under this section shall be rnade in writing to tho SeoNtary in accorda.noo with &uub, regulatiorui as may be prescribed; (3) A licence for the obtaining, diverting, impounding or conveying 'of water from any river, stream or waterCOurse for·· mining or other industrial Plll'POSes sball ·be issued by the Secretary 1n suCJl tonn and on s\lCb condJ.t1ons as be may determine. (4) A licence iS&ued under subs<ctiou (3) of this section shall not. be transferred without the prior approval in writing of.the Secretary, PART 1V--:--TAX1!S, TNCllNTJVF.S ANO BENEFITS RoyaltiH. 22. (1) A holder of a mining leaoe shall be liable to pay to the Republic royalty in .respect of' minerati obtained by him from hi.s mining: operationi:.. . (2) '!)le Secretary shall oo the advice of tho Minetal'i Com- mission determine the rate of royat~y Payable lWder this section hv the l-iolrler of a minin1t lease. "Orovided that the rate of royalty -, P,N,D,C.L. 15.:S, MINERALS JND MINING LAW, 1986 payable, shall not be, more than 1'- per rent or Jess tlvm 3 per cent ◊f the total revenue of'W.\'netaIB obtained by the b¢ldet from his milling operations.· · (3) Notwithstanding the provisions in subsections (l) and (2), the Secretary may io consulta.tiou. whh the Secretazy for Finanoo and .bconornic fJantling and on tbe advicc·of the Minerals Conumss1on defer wh<llly o, in ~art tho royalty payable. ou any mineral £or such period as he tnay detetmine where he is satisfied that it is in the nation.al UJ.ttwi,t an.d i.n. the interest of the production of such miner.a] 1tt> tn- do. ~ (4) $aruples Of m.inei-a.ls required for, ~Y, analysis or other exa.mitul.tion may bee1:.empted. from liability for royalties at the dis- cretion of the Secretary. l3. (J) A bolder of a tnfning lease shall pay Jncome tar.: ai the· Paymeq, rate qf forty..il:vo ptt ~ (45 %), . ofTa,i;, (2) The holder of a mining lease shall be liable to pay Addi• tional Profit Tax as provided under the Additiona1 Profit Tax Law, 1985 (P.N.D.C.L. 122)..

24. -There shall be payable by every holder of a mineral right such Rentnl annual rent.al charges as may be Prescribed by regulations in respect thaigC1ct. of the area to which his licence or lease relates.

25. (I) Ro~ti~ fcca, ·rcrts or other pa,ym~t:; wbieh fQ.U dt10 {4.;Qwr in respect of any m.ineraJ right or otherwise under the provisions of of d~, this Law shaJJ oo· a debt due to the Rep\lbtic and recoverable in the court. (2) TM Secretat'i ma-v. from time to time make such arrange- ments as appear appropriate to eusure that the holders c.f mineral rigb.ts comp\y with the provisions of this Law, and, without prejudice to the generalit,- of the foregoing may acc-ept guarantee$, whether from 8hilreholders or othe.rwi:>e1 ·in resp~t Qf such compliance. 2.6. T\le nokier 01 a mming leaSe shall where qualilied be entitled \.:apitai. to the following capital allowances- · . allowances. (o) depreciation or capital allowance of 75 per cent of the capital-eX{lcnditure incurred in the year of investment and 50 per cent in subsequent years; \t,)' loss~ in ea<m ftnancial year not exceeding the value of capital all()waneeif for the year may be Carried ' forward; (c) ·investment a.llqwe.n.ce of five per cent; (aJ capitalisa.tfon of all expenditure on reoomi.aissance and prospecting approved by the ·s~retat)' on the advice of the Minerals CoDlttlission where the holder ,.,,,,...,_ ~N•-'•---' .. ' - P,N.D.C.L. 153, 8 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 Additio1U1l 27, The holder of.a miQeral right &Ji;lll he granted the following beuofttll, beMfits as aJ'p~opriate.;.:. ·· ' (a) exeinption from payment of customs import duties in · respect of p1ant, machinery, equipment and a.ccestories unported spec1tlcauy .- tl11d ·exclusively tor the com.. tnencement of the mineral operations and may after establishment receive additional relief from payment of customs and: excise duties as provided in the Mining List; (b) exemption of staff from payment ·or incoine tax relating to furnished accommodation at the mine site; (c) :fuuu.igration. quot!\ i:o respect of the approved number of expatriate personnel; (J) personal remittance quota for expatriate persom1e1 free f.rom any tax imposc:Mt by any enactinwt fOr the transfer of external currency out of Ghana; (e) ex.emption from the_ sek:ctive alien employment tax under the ~elective Alien Employment 'tnx. Dccrcc, 1973 (N.R.C.D. 201). Dererment 28. The Secretary for Finance and Economic Planning in consul- of stamp tation with the Secretary may defer wholly or in part the payment duty. of rcgistra.tion a.ud (Stamp duties fo1' ~ pl;l'dQd ~ot e.11,1,;t:;1:;iliug five years whore, the Secretary is satisfi.ed that the ckcumstances pte~ vailiug at the tim~ of the applicati<>n for th~ benefit justify such deferment. rransfer- 29, (1) Wht,re tb.e holder of a_ mining lease earns foreign exchange ability of from his mining operations he may be permitted by the Bank of capital, Ghana to retain in an external account a portion ot·his foreign exchange earnings for use in acquiring spare par:ts and.other inputs required for the mining operil.tions which would otherwise not be readily available without tho use of such earnings. (2) W]tere the net earnings of a hc>lder of ll·min.ing lease from -his mining OJ)erations is in foreign exchange he shall be permitted by the Secretary for FJnauce and Economic Planning, in consultation with th~ Cl<.~ttl.17 1:1,<;.t.lug 01\ ~ Adviwvf th1, Mi«"-1.·im CvUJ.l.lJ.i.uiuu, to retain in an external a.c«:tunt, not less than 25 per cent of his fore.igµ exchange .earnings for acqu.iri.ng ma.ch:inerY. and equipment,. ~p~re parts and raw _materials as weR as for 'debt servicing, dividend payment and remittance in respect Qt' quotas foi' .expatriate person- u.:;::l. (3) An external a~unt operated by virtue of subsection (2) of this section.shall be held __in trust on behalf of the holder by a. trustee appointed by the holder with the consent of the Bank of Ghana. 9 P,N.O.C.L. 153. MINERALS AND M l ~ / 9 8 6 :JO. th,1,j,,;._.t-tv ctw p4Vrkiml of_t~ Lo.-.v .,_ b...->ld.,t ,:,£ .,_-.run,~1®-o<o T,-,t..~ .,f shall be guaranteed free transfetability throl-1.gh the Bank ·of Ohana. ~~dends or: in the case of a net fore.ig,n exchange earning-ho1d~ through the · atemal e.oooun.t 9pened with .the -permission. ot: tbe Sei:!etacy for Finance n.nd E~nomfo Planning.in convertible 0t.1rrency of- (a) dividends or net profits attributable to the investments of $Uch oonvertible currruicy i (b) payments in retipect of loan ser1icing where a foreign \Jl\il has been obtained by the Jiolder for h.is mining >pera.tions; (c). the remittllll~ of f'oreip>: ,;apital ill the event of sale o:r liqWdation of the mining operation.i or any interest thete/11 attributable to foreign investm-,nt,

31. (1) Where·any dispute.arises. between. ah.older of a mineral Dispute, right and the Gov mm.neut jn respect of atty matter under Part IV of seltJcrueut. this Law alJ efforts shall be made through mutual discusruon to reach an. amicable settlement .. (2) Wbere any dispute a.rise» betw~ a holder who is a citizen of Gha4a aud the Government ID respect of any matter under Pai:t IV of th.i.fl. Law which is not anticably settled as. provided in subsccti<>n (1) of this Section, the.dispute may bCI submitted to 1u'b(~tatiC11. fot .fl~tlernent in accor®,IJ.i::e- with the 1:1rovi!l.'4ru Qf 1he Arbitration.A<:!, 1961 (Act 38). (3) Where any diSpute arises ·between a· holder who is not a citizen of Ghana and the Government in respect of any :matter under , Part l\l' of this Law which is not amicably settled ai \\rovided under subsection (l)of this Sectioo the dispute may be subnutted to arbitra.. tion-- (a) in acoordauce 'with the ru\w of procedure for arbHra· tion of the United Nations ComroissJ.ott an. ln.terna~ tiotiM Trade uw; O:r (b) wi(biq the frameworl;t of any bilateral or niultilatc.ral • agreement M invet\tment pt~t\'.C\icn tc- which the Governmep.t and the country of which the holder is. a , natinil.al a.r-e p1,i.:rfiM; _nr •(c) .in accordanCe-with ah.y Other int~national machinery for the settlement of. investment disputes a.gr~d to by ,,the :parties, (4) The Sooretat)' on the advi~ of the Minerals Conun.issfon llUl,y specify the particular tW.lde of .arbitration to bo resorted to in iliecase of a disputetolating to any matter un<le, Part IV of this law artd suoh s.-pecificatjon sha.11 constitute tb.econsent of the Government or tht, fo.gency thereof and Qf the bolder to submil to that forum. p,N,J>,C.L. 153. 10 MINERALS A,ND MINING LAW, 1986 PA.ttT V~NNAJ&SANOO AND PROSPBCTJNO R«o~ 32. (.1) No person shall ISCtll'Ch fo.r any mineral in Ohan.a by' ,IIJ)l,'O 11 ~ reconnaissance unless· he 1$ granted a. mineral right in the form of recotU1.3is&ante liceooe by tho Seerotary, (2) The S¢Cf~tary·mQ.Y on application duly made and sub~ )0\n h>th• provUl-ioa1 o.f'thfo JJAw eriut ~ ~c~uais.!J.af\~ li('~l\('.e (3) A reconnaissance licence may be granted for a: period uot exceeding twelve months. (4) A recom:w,iasance Uoonce may in !esPect of any mineta.l to which the licence relates confer on the holder theteof an e:tclusive rigltt to ~tty ()1\ tec<:m.llfiissancc for a specified mineral in the recon• .naissance area. 33.. (l) No reoonnaissautt licence shall ht: grant¢d in rtapcot ,of an. ~r,r.a in or which constitutes- · (a) a prospecting area where another person holds: in respect of that area. a prospecting lilXlllte or a t:es.tricted prospecting llceuce in respect of a minetal to whiah tlle r~issan{:(: licence, if granted, would relat~; (b) a mining area where.another person bolds in respect ol that area a mining lease in respect of a mineral to which the reoonnais&at\i:e Iieenec, if granted, would relate; (c) a restricted mining area where another person holds in r~~ Q{ that area. a ,minnie; le11t:ie in ret1peci oh mi.o.erlll to which the recoMaissance licence, if gyanted) would re1att:.. (2) Where an area is subject to a reoonnaimiance licence which oonf*rs ()ll the holder th,5reof an exclusi'le right to ¢atty on roo,,nnaissa.noe ovet that aroo., for a specified mineral, no other reconnaissance licence shall be granted over that area in respect of the :minetal to which such exclusive right telates. (3)_ Where w:, area to which a reconnaissance lil.'etlc:c relates bocQmctl 4 mining a.t'OO- <>r J)Q.rt af a. mmins: a.too. tbo roconnaioonnoo Jicettcc shall cease to have effect in relation to such ruining area, ~""'"' 34. (1) Subject to this Law, any regulations made thereunder 11oldOI' ,'f and the oondition$ that m~y be- stated iIJ the licence, a reco1lJIAissa.n-ce ~~"' lice.nee erat1ted. under this Law shall confer on the holder of the licence the right to carry on reconoaissano, in the reoonna.isaanoo a.,;:ea.. (2) for the purposes _of exetcisin."g the ,right conferred UJJder ,u'osocti,:m (I) of this stetian, tho bolde{ ofa rcoonnai,sano,, u..,..,. muy 1:wWl th.., l ~ U ~ J l " " ,11,r,:;Q. ~ud (l(,::,<;,,t «i,Q)~ (:Ill" -fom,rt'Arr bulldwgs mcbuling installatio"' u, any waten which fonn pan of the (C()()l:lnaissimcc area. 11 P,N,D,C,.L. 1/!3, MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (3) The holder of reconnaissance }it,t,n(.V slutll not cugagc in any dr.illlog. excavation or other under surface operations, except where such operations are authorised by the licence granted to him.

35. (1) The holder: of a reconnaissance JicenCe may, not later Application than thrto montM befo«: the e11.pU:a.ti0n ()f the Ik.ence~ .appty for a ~\~ ronewaJ of the licence in respect of all or part of the reco.nnaissanoo ut'.O;l uew::e. area. (2) An application :made under subsel.'ltion. (1) of this section :,ball bo in :.um\ fql'rll. aa. tb~ S~retacy m:ty prescribP.. · (3) Where an application for the renewal or a reconnaissance licence is made- u:oder this s09tion,·the Secretary may, if ho is satis~ fied.iliat it is in the public interest to do so, renew the licence with or without variations QfMY of the 00:nditi()fls auached to the original licence. · (4) No reconnaissance licence shall be renewed at any one time (or a period exceeding twelve months.

36. (1) No .,pen:on:~ pl'Ospect fu:r .si.ny minera\"in Ghana unless Prospcctiug ho ba1J been grauted a prospecting liCO'l'.lce by the Socretacy. ncienco. (2) Subject to the provisions-cf this Law, the Secretary may (111 au application duly made grant a pr<l&J)OCting licence. (3) Subj(Nt to :;ubGOOtion (5) of thii: Gection no pr-o-spe('.ting lk:tnce shall be granted for a pc.tiod exceeding three year~. (4) llx'"l'l "' p,ovldtd m>\l.bseclion (5) of t\lis =tion the s.ite of the area in respect of which a p1ospecting Jicenco may be grlllntAA <thri\1 nr.t ~c.eed 150 sauare kilometres io the 3.AJUe"Ra,te, (S) The Council may in ! ' C ~ of a.-n.y particqlat grant of a prospectlllg licence where it considers it in the- national .interest to exceed tho limits provided in subsections (3) :ind (4) of this secticm, direct that the grant s,hallaxteed the said limits. · · (6) No prospeotjng licence shall be granted by the Secretary unless- (a) the applicant has adequate fina.nciat ,:esources, technical competcnee and experience to carry on effective pros~ ~Ull& ~(a.tktru;.; (b) the proposed programme of prospeciting operations ia :adequate; {c) the applicaut'.s pro11ose.l for the employment and train• · ; ns ,,.f Gh.~n,i_fa_n Nr~nnel are adequate: (d) the app\iamt is able and willing to comply with tb.e- tet"Uls and ,conditions. a.ppllcablc to the prospecting licence; aRd (e) the app\kant ¼ not ll\ de~au\t, P.N,D.C.L. 15.3. 12 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (7) No p,ospecting lk•nre shall bo grauted.in ""1)1>1'1 of land which,.1:-t)Ustitutes a_ m.ffl,U!.g atel:I., (8) Where an area· is subject to a pros~ting. licem,"e; no other prospecting lioonce shall be granted over land in that area in respect of any mineral to whi.ch that prospecting licence rclatva,. ' . . (9) Where an area is subject to a reeonnaissance licence which confers on the holder an exclusive right to carry on recimnaissance- in that area in. respect of a specified mineral, a prospecting licence sha.ll not be granted in • ~ t of the mineral to which such. e:y,:lusiv~ right relate{I; to .any person ,.:,th('.r tfum the bolder Qftbe recnnn,11:issanOO u.,.,.,., l\wi.tm>aJ ota 37. (1) 'l1i,e holder of a prospecting licenre may, a.t any time but rn:;::: na not luter than th~~ months before 100 ,expiration of the li~~. ~ apply to tho S®rotAey fol" 1:•n&".Val ai the licence. (2) An awlication for renewal of a prospecting I i = shall state the period for which th.ti tenewaUs sought and shall be w:com.~ panied by su.chdocum.ents.8&.th.e Secretary may prescribe. ' (3) Upon atli e.ppl~tion d.uly m11dc untkr a.ubsooM~ {l} or this seC1ion, the Secretary may subject to the provisions of this Law, grant a renewal of the licence for a period o<>t ~cceding iwo years. (4) Where the b.oldet hu made an application fo:r a oon.ewal c4' the licence ova part Qf the ~re-a r.nverl'!d hy th~ rir<>stiectlllg licence and the licence may expire before the applicatioll. is granted tb.e Secretary may eJttcnd the period of. validity of the prospecting licence for such :period as he may ,deten:ni11e pending: his. decision on the a:ppliel\timl. Extension or 38. (1) The Secretary may on the expiration of the p!"rii>d of period of renewal, and upon .an application made,in that behalf, grant a 1=l. renewal of the licence for a further_ period not exceeding t~o years. (2) Subject to the provisions of &ubsection (4) of this ·secti"on and to. any modification of the requirements contained io ·the pro.s~ pecting licence, the pro~pecting area shall, in the event of fue renewal of the licence in respect thereof, be reduced Ul size to eliminate therefrom__.,... (a) at the ooQ of the· lllhiu.l pn-iod Qf ib.u lk;cnco, n"tit \t,ll,:. · than half of the initial .area; and · (b) at tho ond <.! ..,,,, pet!od. of renewal, hlllt'. of tl\e ,e- maiu,ing atea.. {3) Tht. h~1dt.t (){' e. pro1>J>=tin.g· lieeiwe: $hall pi:1<>i: W tb.e et1d of each Of the p(:riods .specified in subsection (2) of this sectton, indicate the area or areas to be shed off from- the .pro~pecting area and, in default the Secretary sbaJJ detero:tine the area to be shed off.. I3 P,N,l).C,L. 153. MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 ~ Wb~~ a ~ M , holtls: twn or· 11'11'.l~ ·r,ti:>!!-J:W'fi"g fa.,,,,=i: for the wame mineral or miuerals1 the Secretary may, for t~ 11w:poses of·subsection (2) of this section consider the area covered by these Jicmces to be one ;i-re;i., • · -39._ (1) Subject to subsections (2) and -0) ·of this section_. ·the Rdc!'tlon of :Secretary . shall not renew a•prospecting . licen<:e if.....: ,1-'Plkationat iorrenew (a) the Applica11t is in default: _· ~ P~t- <b) the proposed progr&trull6 of prospecting ope-rations. to ,ng h"<lllCC. be carried out during the period ·of renewal of the licex,oe is. inadequate. "(2) No application fer tho renewal of a. prospecting licence sh.alt be rejected on the ground that the applicant is in default unless the Se<:retary has given the applicant .uotice-to ~medythe default and the ii._ppli0111lt boo (ailed to dt>_ sc· with.in su<.>h r,i,a.sc>nable period a.g ma, \:rt:; spt:cilied in the notice. . - (3.) No application for the renewal of a 1;1rospecting licei1ce .s:bnll be rejected Qll the ground that the proposed programme of operations is inad~wte unleijs tlw appljaµµ h.9.$ beea given an opportunity to make appropriate amendmenti to the p1ogramme and he has, within web reasonable period as the Secretary may permit, fail~ to do so.

40. (1) Where in the course of exercising his right under a pros- Disr.o'<uy of pecting Jicence, the bolder discovers any mineral not included Jn his !Jli'/= !"rt li~~. he, may apply to the Sooretary for an amendment of his ::ospecti~~ prospecting liceu.oe to" include that mineral. .. licene¢. - (2) An appliell.tiQl\ for 8.1\ l\lll,endment of 1'. prospecting liCCQce ~,,.,,1..,. ~ub_..inn (l) nf thi.11 ,u,.ctinn ~lrnll-- {a) s:pecify 1he mine,:al discovered; {o) state particulars of the situation and the cil:C\\m'o.tances of the discovery; and (d ha.vs apper,ded thereto a proposed Proinamme of pros- pecting operations mrespect of that mineral. · _ _ (3) Subject to the provisions of su,bsl,';l,l.ion (4) of 1his section, the Secretary may permit the amendment of the' pro11pet:ting licence to include the miileral discovered. , (4) No amendment of a prospecting licence sha.U be permitted Ullder- this section wbere a person other than th!ll- applicant holds a reconna.issan.ct -licence in resp~ 'of the area with the right to- reoonn.'oitre for the .IIlllletal disoove-red. · ' . . ,41. (l) Su~ject to th~ provision~ of ~ls .Law, the bold~ of a Rights 01 prospectitrg licence may 1t> the exercise of bis nghts WJder the J1cence, holder of e\\tet upo,n any land to which the licence relates-: . lf:..~tl1li {u) to pro:,pect fot the mineral to which the licence. tel.at~; P.N.D.C.L. 153. 14 MINERALS AND MJNTNG T,A W, l_Q86 (b) to make boreholes and such excavations a& may be necessary; (c) t()' erect camps and put up temporary ·bnildings neces· ,:;,iuy fur pru8va,:tJng operaUons. Obligation 42. (1) The holder'of a prospet:ting licence shall- ofholddof a prosi,otti.na (a) commence prospecting operations withlll three months lioeoo:. from the date of the issue of the licence, or at such time as tho Secretary ruay spocify; · (b) dematcate. and.~ demanated the vroopecting area ill the prescribed manner; (c) carry on ·prospecting operations in accordance with the programme of orospectin_!! operations; (d) notify the Secretary through the Chief lmpector of Mines of .any discovery of the mineral to which his prospecting licence :relates within a period of thirty days from the date of discovery; (e) notify the Secretary through the Chief Inspector of Mines of the discovery of any mineral deposit which is of possible economic value within a period of thirty days from the date of discovery; (_f) fill back or otherwise make safe to the satisfactitm nf the Chief Inspector of Mines any borehole or exea~ vation made during the course of prospecting opera• t:iom; . (g) unless the Chief Inspector of Mines otherwise stipulates, removo, within cixty days f'tom the date of the expira• tion of the prospecting licence any camp, temporary buildings or machinery erected or installed by him, and repair or., otherwise make good any damage to the surface of the ground occasioned by such removal, lu the ytisfilctiml oftb.e cnierinspector ofMilles; (h) subject to the conditions of the pro1;pecting licence, expend on prospecting not less than such amowa as may be specified in the prospecting licence; (1) 1:nbr:nit t,:,. nl(!h, J?4hMic M .iuoh. U\to.t..-.l/J. n~ ~07 b-.. prescribed, IOJ?Otts or other documents contaming such infonnatJon and supported in such mauner as may be pre,cribed. (2J Any monies required to be spent under paragraph (h) of subseciion (1) of this section and which are not so spent shall be a debt due to the Republic :llld recoverable from the holder in the Court. (3) -The holder of a prospectir>g licence' shall keep, to the satisfactiol' of the Secretary, full and accurate :records of the pros- pectimr operations i1.howing !I.IIC'h p:trtlcubtrs. ~s. the Secretary ma.y prescri~. . . IS P,N,D.C.L. 153. MINERALS.AND MINING LAW, 1986 . (4) The hokier of "pro.,pooting Ucencc ohall at least o°"" m evtft!Y tout mouths furnish the Secretary with copies ,of tlte naoords kept ey biln l).lt{4}r tm11 secu01,. (5) Records fumlshed to the Socretary under •ubooction (4) of this section shall, as long as the holdeti or his succ:es.sor•it'•title: retains the pr,-,,speoting li~ce QVtt the area. to which the r¢cor&i lefoAeOO LieatOO~ wuGtltmtlu141«J. Nb.all not bcillv_ulged without the consent of thi, holder. (6) Nothing in this seotion shall prohibit tbe disclosure of any confidential informatio11-~ (a) whore such disclosU!e is. necessary for too purp06cs of this La~ or any other enaetment; (b) for the purposes qf a prosecutkm und~ -this Law; (e) to a.ny ptor60u l»ing l'I, con«u.ltl\l>t \c., or t.m offii;ey em.ployed by the Council who is authorised by the Secretary to «oeive &Uth oonftdential information.

43. (l) The holder of a prospccrhlg lieenee shall notify the Sevro-- ~~dttJ.tnt t:uy of 42\Y ir.mondml'm.t h<= wiahc3 to m1:1.ko to bis p.rogr,ll.lllme c>f ~a:e Qf pr<.\ptpecting operatfon!1 8lld such amendment shall, unless rejected pl.'Ql'lllCC(lng: by the Secretary within two months) after ho has been notified, optration1• have effect after that period. (') 'The Sc,cr4-truy ma.y, upon an a.ppliontion m&do to him by t.h.e holder of a prospecting licence, limit or susp,;w..<1 the obligation ()f the bolder to cany on prospecting operations under such terms and conditions as he ruay 011 thb advk.c of the Mlnerals Commission dcte"rmine. PAkT VI-MlNING LEAS!!

44. (l) Where a holder of prospecting Jicenee hM establiffled. Mln«1li!o that a minttral to which his licence tel.ates .exists in commercial ~ ~ . i qwmtitu;·s wttltin tbe/rosp.,ct1ng area he shall notify tb.i:: Sei:.tetary quantitia;, of this in writing an may apply to the Secretary in writing for ~ mii:1/11g tease:. mining lease in respect of the 1and which tonstitutes hi!! prospeotiJlg a.tea, (2) Au appli<atlou un<ler •uboocti<>n (t) of !hi< - shall be made not later than three montbs ftom. tho da.ic of the notice or within such futtherperiod as tbe ~retarymay!letermine. (3) Subject W the provisions ofthfa Law, upon an applfoation d'\U.y mq,de, uo.Mr au~tiou (l) of this :;e,.:;tbt ~ 8'ew.'ClalJ ~ grant the .applicant a. mining lease ,m such conditions as he rna.y determine. P.N.D,C.I. 153, 16 . MJNJ:,f<AJ,~ ANII MlNlNti LAW1 J96rJ Appli~a!i<111 45, (l) Where a person other than. the bolder of a prospecting ror a mtttlD8 licertce cst,ablishes to the sa.tisftwtion of the Secretary that mineral ~=- ,,.,e:::_ 'by a in commercial auantitics exists in any land. tl_l..e person mav api,lv ~rospeeting for Amining lease over that land; notwithstandmg that sueh person doeuothold a prospecting ljcenceover that land. (2) Upo11 an application duly made \lllder 1111b!<Cllon (1) of 1-l\l,i _QN'ti,m thP. RPrtl'!t~r)I' rt'ltlJI 2f'tlnf th,., lll1J."llft'..Ant 8.. minine- 1ea/,lP. on such conditions as he ma.y on the advice o( the Minerals Com- miss.iou determiue. (3) No mining lease shall be granted under- this r.ettio1\ in respect or an~ larul which is held hy a.nolher i,erson- (a) under a mining tea.se or a restricted mi:l'\ing lease; (h) .\U\der a. prospecting" licetM.:<.'l or a t:eitricted prospeicting licence; (c) under a reconnaissance licence which givCs the holder exclusive ri&hts in respect of a specified mineral' and the applkatJ.<rn for a. mining lease has been. made in respect of that tnqleral. Duration, 46, (!) Except as pr-ovided in subsection (3) of this section, a ~n~cl~. mining lease shall be valid for a potiod not exceeding thirty years. (2) Except as: ,provided in subsection (3) of Jhis section the si:?:e of tM ar~ in R:spect of which a mining lt-Ase 111a.y he eranted shall not exceed 50 square kilometres fop any grant or in the aggre~ gate 150 square kilometr1;:s. (3) The CoW1cil may in respect of any particular grant of a mining lease where it considers that-it is in the national interest to exceed the limits provided in subsections (1) and (2) of this section, direct th:a.t the grant shall exceed the·said limits, (4) A mining 1e.aoo (>hall not be granted to an applicant unJess- (a) t1teproposedprogr~mrol!lufnl.U/,iugu,l'eu1.1.iuus:mbLUiu.w by hitnensuros the i:nost efficient, bene.tlciat and timely uw Qf the mineral. resources c<:mcero.ed; (b) the proposed programme of mining operations sut,.. nlittcd by him tl.lkos prop@r accoun.t of envfr<>llUle-n.tal safety factors; (c) tlle MeA of land over which ·the mining lea$\} is sought is not in excess of the i.trea reasonably requite(\ to carry ·-0ut .t~o proph~l;'d prl)l;.fAmme of miriing operation!t; . (d) the applicallt is not in default. 17 P.N,D,C,L, 153, (5) 11w Secretary shall not reject an application for a·mining lease made Ut\d!'r this Law.....:. • · · (o) on the mounds SPCcified in 'Paragrnnhs (a), (b). (e) of subsection (4) of this section_ unless the applicant has. been given an opportunity to .iriake appropriate amend~ . µtents· to his application or to his proposed program.file of miniug operations and has within such reasonable -t.im:1;1Mth:~ £\»Ht~:, :n-,a.y p~it, f!l.llgd t.c., d.o co; o-r (b) on the grounds that the p.pplicant is in default unless he has given the applicant notice of the default and the applicant has failed within such reasonable time as may be specified in the notice to remedy the default.

47. Where· any lalld is subject to more than one prospecting Wd subtt licence tlO ~~ing lease shall be grant_ed over that land to any appli: ~~;n;::S~t~ cant for a mmwg lease unless- ing llc..ince. (a) the Secretiry is satisfied that: (i) the rights of any other holdCr of a prospecting lioenoo over that laud would not be substan- tially pl'ejudic:ed by the 1:,1tant of the mlniug lease; or (ii) it ts 111 the p.ublic imerest tnat tne mioing le.\St: be granted; or (b) 'any other holder of a pcospecting licence over that land consents in.writing to the grant of the mining\ease. 48, (1) The hoJder or a mit\iQg lease 01ay appJy to the Secretary J½newal of for the tenewal of his lease at any time not later than one year before nun!~ lea~. the expiration of such lease. (2) The Secretary may. grant th~ renewal of a mining lease for a period not oxcc,;ding thirty yo.·ws and on m.1ch conditions as be may determine, (3) Where the holder of a milling lease has made an applica- tion for the renewal of the lease and the leacre may e}l;p1ce befo{(l the· api,lica.tion is .muited the Sec;ret!U'Y may extend the period of validity of the mining lease for such period as M- may determine pending hts decision on the application, (4) Upon tho renewal of a mining lea~. the Secretary shall amend the lease according)y and append thereto the programme of wiuwg ope-ration, to "be ~rricd oUt d~ring the porio~ of reQowu,1, 49, The boldt,,r of a mining lease shall notify tlle Secretary of any Amendment amendments he intends to make to. hffi programme of mining -opera-- of rr0 • 0 0 f tions and such amendments shall, unless. the Secretary rejects thero ~,i: within throe- months aft-er boing ao no.tifi'.ld, have effee.t nft'-"1' thM nJ'l'.mtinn~. period. , P,N.D,C,t. tSJ, 18 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 f1P1:l~n• . 50. Subject to the ptovi.Sions ot tll.1.S. Law, any otner enaotment · ~nn kaw. and any conditions in the minin11 lease, tho bolder <if a mining lease may enter upon the land to which. his mining lease relates for the followio, plll']l(>OOS-' (a) to tak~ all reaoonable m.ensuxn ot1 er Ut\der the surf~ to mine the mineral to which his·nl.ining lease relate$; (b) to erect the .neces~ry equiprilent, plant and buildings. for the purpose1;1 of mining, transporting, dressing, treating, smelting or refining tho mineral recover(X\ by hun during the mining operations; (c) to prospect within his mining area; (d) to stat:.k or dump a.ny mineral or waste product in a manner approved by the Chief Inspector of Mines. Di=wrypf furttter 5J~ (l) Where in me course or exercising bi::i. rigbl:s uudw !.bi:i rniMnd .-nd Law the holder of a mining lease: disw..,~rs any further deposits of the mineral in respect of which he Mlds the mining tease or any other """ rniwrats. mineral not included l1" the ·mini~g lease, he shall within thirty days of such discovery, notify the Secretary in wtitiu.g of the dboovery. (2) TM notification given to the· Secretary under subsec- tion (1) of this section shall- (a) contain _particulars of the mineral discovered; and (b) the site and circumstances of the discovery. (3) The holder of a minmg lease may on notifying t.lle Secre-- tary of the disoovory of further mil"Wl"al deposits or otll.er min~a.l apply to the Secret~rY for the inclusion of the area of the further deposits or the mitt.er al discovered in his mining lease. (4) An applic~ti,_m rnarle unrler suhStt.tion (3) or thi~ ML'lfion shall have appended. thereto the proposed programme of mining operations in respect of the further deposits or the mineral discovered. (5) Whern the Secretary is satisfied with the proposed pro~ gramme of'mining operations, he may approve the application on such terms and conditions as he thinkS ltt atld shall acoording[y ani.end the mining lease. f,nlt.t£?,ment otmiulng 52. 1."M holder of a n:rining 1.1,ase may Afply to the Secretary for the enlargement of, the mining area to which the lease relates fflld •=· the Secretsry may, .,;uhject ft, the provis.ions of this Law, approve the application if he is satisfied that such approval is in the national interest. Oblip.tit,n 53. (I) Subject to the provisions of this Law, the holder of a of hold'1" of a mining mining lease shall- "-· l4) «munenoo commercial prOlluctiuu u-u 01 Wun:: Um date specified. in the ptogramroe of mini:c.g ope.mtions; (b) ,ubject to subsection (2) of this ,ection, develop and mine the mineral covered by the lease iu accord.ante with the progr-amme of mining opetatk,ns; 19 P.N.D,C,L, 153, MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (c} dema.tca~ and keep demarcated the mining area in such ma.nner as rnay be preSvdbt;d; · - (d) $Ubmit tt) the Secretary thtougb the Chief lnspector of Mlncs, within three months from \he date specified in the programme of mining operations, a diagram of the mining area; (e) k~ tU1d m,1,1,h:itnin. kn Obatta an addroG$ whi;;,h C'lb411 be reg,stered. with the Secretary, and to which all comnw- nications and notices may be addressed; (f) Wlti.fy the Secre\afy as soon as· he- starts commercial production . .(1) The Secretally may, on an appliClltion ma.de to him by the bolder of a mining Jease,. 1_imit or suspend the programme of mining Operations referred to in paragraph (b) of subsection (I) of this section for such period and on such terms and conditions as he n1uy on the nd.vicv o.f the Min.;;rafa Comr:nia3i<tn determine if ho is satisfied tliat in the circ1.uusta.nces it i'$ fair and reasonable to do so.

54. (1) In pursuance of s. localisation polWy every holder of a Roct'l.!it!"'li!nt mini11g ieaoo_fil'la1l submit for the approval of the Minwals Com.mis~ ~ tratnl:i1t don I\ -detaifoJ progrlllmma for the .t'¢'.:tuitnvm.t I.\T\d tnining of the a~ .......u,,a, Gha.naian personnel, (2) For the purposes of subSlXtion (1) of this section "locali~ sa.tion" means a training programme desigl"ed towards the eventual replacement of expatriate personnel by Ghanaian personnel.

55. The holder of a mining: lease shall maintain at tbe addrcs& Further kept in acoordance with paragraph {e) of subsection (1) of section 53 ~tb~~~ suc:h documents and records as may be prescribed and tihall perm.it mining Jc.ue. an authvrised officer at arty reasonable time to inspect such doeu- m1mb am.I re1,;01tl:,.

56. (I) Where, the Secretary considers th.tu the holder of a \J.'.astef11l t\'U.l'.}iing leaY:i l$ uslng wasteful mining &t treatment practices he may ::1~~ notify such holder aecordingly. and require him to _!',how o'ause. practloe"-S, within eucb period. ao tho Suoretary Gh1dl specify, why he $ho-uld not e<:as1;do use such practices. (2) lf, within the period specified in. a notice issued under subsei::tion ( 1) of this section tho holder of the mining lease fails to satisfy the SCCrctary that be is not using walitefui mining or treat~ mcnt pracb.ces, or lba.t tb.e use of sm::h practices 1s jushfied, the Sooretary may ordet the holder to e¢aSe mUng such practices within such period as be ma.y specify. · (3) Where the holder of • milling lease, after boing ordered tQ- ~~ \W.m,~ W1lit.'l!.tefu\ mining or treatment p.rn.eti~s., (ails. to do oo, the Secretary may cancel or suspend the- mining lease f<>r such peti<>d ., he minks ftt P.N,D.C,L, 153. 20 MTl'/El/ALS 'AND MINING LAW, J/186 M~ser ~ase . 57•. °(I) ·where .the _S~cretary, after, takin~ a~unt of the pu~lic minmg · mterest and the mterests of the holders of mmmg· leases covermg Iieighbouring or contiguous mining areas, ~siders that the .effi- cient and econnmic exploit.atioh of .the minerals concerned require the lt'Wtget of a\\ Ot part of the m\n,tD,g O:pett\ti~'l'lot, of \:l.\\th ho\d.en, he may direct the holders to .effect such mei-ger, wjthin such time and on wch·terms as he mar. specif}\ · (2) Beforo giving- any directions under subsection (l)'of this section, the Secretary :mall aO."orJ. thu boldt:rs of the: t.nluiilg leas1:1:s concerned reasonable opportunity to make representations to him in writing. Suspension 58. '(t) The bolder of a mining lease shalLnotify the Secretary- o£i,roduc- tion. -Ca) ·one: year·tn advan~ where he proposes to cease pro,. -.duct.ton from his mme·; · (b) Six month·s in advance where he proposes to ·suspend • production from his mine; (C) three months in advance whe~ hi! propo,e~ to curtail such production; ·and shall,_ in ·a11· _·cases, giv6 reasons· for· such cessiition~ .-suspension ·or ctirtailment. ·· (2) Where, for ,reasons _beyond his cop.tr_ol~ the hOlder ""of ,a mWU,.g lease ceases, suspends 'or curtails production from a mine. he shall, within fourteen days of such cessation, suspension or curtail:. ment, notify the Secretary of this, ·. · (3) {.Jpon recei-ving the notification under subsection (1) or (2) or 1hi:s :suction ux lfhu utbc:rwii>o:i 1.1\lWµie:; uwu.l"t:I' vf twy 0011isalion; sus.pensij)n or curtailment of-'productian, the Secretary shall cause the matter to be investigated and- shall subject to any relevant requirement contained in the mining lease, (Ill .!rlve his approval for such cessation. -suspension ol' curtailment; or (b} direct the holder <>f..the mining .lease to resume full production at the mine by.such date as ho m.ay specify. (4) Approval of cessation, suspension or curtailment nmy be given subject to such oondltfons as tho Secretary may on the .advice of the- Minerals Commission determine,

59. (I) No person shall carry on ill a mintllg 'area any :tmUnes!I Pennil for othu btlil• or fOr which a permit other. auth_orisation ·is required '10der atly nc.>S in 01:iactmeni for the timo 1:.icln:g in foroo Wlless that person has obca1.nc~r minbig area. the consent of tho.Secretary to carry on such business. (2) Subject to subsectj"oll (1) 'of this' 'section no ·person shall ere.ct in.a mining area building Or othor·structure for the puqx»!e of. carrying on any such business without the ·conseht .(}f the hOldet' of the minint lease. 21 P.N.D.C.L. 153, MINERALS.AND MINING L A ~ 60. ·(l)_A,company which is.the_ holder of a mining lease shall ~nttol~f ~ot Vl'.i*o~t. the pri~ consent_in writing oft.lie ~retary- hol~~nJ (a) register tb.e.transter ot' any e(luity sb.a~ ot SWU,'es in mirlio$ lt0Be, the ooll).pan}' to auy particular person or a nomiticie _of such person; or (b) enter into an agreement, arrangement, onmdcrstanding, (whatht"lt' enfote.en.ble n1 a legal 1'1,sh( Ol' not) with any particular person, · ·n the effect of, .doing so would be to give to that particular person or any other person, COD.:trol of the company. (2) Upon an application duly made to him under subsection (l)-0f this section the Secretary shall give his consent if he,eons_id_ers that the-public interest would not be prejudiced by the ·change of control of tho company, other.wise ho mall refuse to g:ivehis conseul: and for the purpose of considering any such application the Secretary may reqmuit .<1.uch inft1rmation ns: he, censiden: nece1s~a.ry to onable, ·him determine the appli_cation. (3) For the purposes.of this section-:: (a) a person is deemed to have control Qf-a company,- (i) if ·t11at person or his nominee hhlils-o.r tfo1t person and his nomillee hold a total of twenty per cent or more of the_ issued equity shares in the company; (ii) if that person is entitled to appoint or prevent (hg "'.l'J::VW.(mcut vi, hatr or more Utan JI.alt _of the directors of the company; or (iii) if that person is entitled to exercise or control the exercise of the.right to cast votes in respect of not less than two~fifths of the total nnrilher of votes in respect of the issued equity shares in· the company; (b) "Equity sharer or "preference share''. has the.ttiea.tting assigned to it under section 48 of the Companies Code, 1963 (Aot 179); (c) th~ refer~c• in paragr~ph (a) (ill) of subsootion (J) _of Uus section to the entitlement to_conttoJ the exorcise Of tho right to cast votes shall be_ read as· including an etltitl_ement to control the oxercise of that righi dµ',ectly and mcludes control that is' oxorcisable as a result of or by means of trust. PART VlI-RADIO~ACTi~ MINERALS

61. (1) The provisions of this _LaW relatin_g to reconnaissance, Prospe_cting Pl'f.?ilpecting anti mining or mfuel'als. in- Ghana shall, subject to the ~~c:argi:~ni prO'Visions oontained in this.Part apply to radic,.aC:tive minerals with active :such modifieations-as may be necessary. minerals. P.N.J}.f'..L 153. 22 MINERALS AND MlNlNG ,LAW. /986 (2) Where anY radio-active mineral is discovered in the liow·i.a of uxu1·1-'i:si1;1,g any right Wldcr thin. I-aw or imdor any otbor enactment the holder of the mineral right or such other authodty shall imm~awly notify the Secretary or tho Chief Jnspootor of Mines and the I)irector of Goologica.1 Sur~y ofthediSCO'Vtlf)'. (3) Whott't any radio--at1tive mino.ral i_i. discoveied on apy land other than .}and subject to a mineral rlgbt, the owner of the 1llM shall itnmediatoly notify the Secretary, tho Chief Inspector of Mines and' the Director of Geological Survey of the discovery. Holder or <i'L, A hl'.'l\d.M of a lloonce or loose, under bfa Part :ihisll withiu tho ;:t1o-fii first wook of every month furnish the Soc'rctary with a true report 10 ~~rtnhist in writing of the prospecting and mining operatioos ctmdtlcttd by of)llrallon~,him in the immediately preceding month with respoot.to radio,..active 111inera'ls. lii.pott M 63. (l) No person '&hall export any radio•active mineral exoo.t'?t radi«w1clive under and in accordance with the ter.tnS and conditions of a penn1t miuerat gra.rited by the Secretar)' Qn the advice of the Minerals Commission for th.at p\ttpO~, (2) A permit issued under subsection (1) of this section shall ho in such fortU and shall be,:subjeet to the paymt;rt of $U'-h fee as the Secretary may prescribe. QB:,-= <'>ml 64. (1) Any pcoou whu wnlraveuc::i uuy·or the vr<1vi>luu:s. or pet111lties. this Part or obtains. a permit by means of any false statement or representation conunits an offence and·sbaU on summary conviction be liable to a fine nM exceeding Sl'S00,000.00 OT to- imp,dsonment for a tetm not exceeding two years 01 both. (l} The CO'Q.rt before whith an-, peis1'>ll, ¼ tor:wl'cted. bf n offence under subsection (1) of this section shall order the forfeiture to the State of any 1adio..active mineral obtained by the person oonvjcted. 6S, (1) Any Police- Offi.ctt not below the rank of au Inspector, iuw senior offi.cor of the Mines Department, and any officet au tho• rised in writing by the Secretary or the Chief lnspector of Mines may for, the purpose of enforcing the provisions of thl$ Part, without .wa.rr~t~ (a) enter and ~~h any place where he ~s rea8¢nable grotmds to suspect that ah offence \illde:r this Part hlVi been, or is about to be commltted: (b) search And anest auy person wb.Om he bas reasonable grounds to srispect to have committed, or .is about to commit an offence under this. Patt; 23 P.N.D.c.L. 113, MINERALS AND MINING LAW. 1986 (c) stize any radio-active mineral which he suspects to have been obtained contrary to the provisions -0f this Part; . (d') seize any prospeClJng or, mining apparatus W.lllch ls used or about to be used in the cq,rmnission of an offence IUJder this Part. · PART Ylll-SUMl!NDER, SUSPI!NSION AND CANCELLATION OF MINERAL RWHTS

66. (1) Tbo holder of any mineral right who wishes to surrender S~rem:ler ..r all or any part of the land subject to the mineral right shall apply n:ui~~1 to tho SC<;,:c;tazy through the- Chic-f Iiup,;,;;tQr of Minc-.li for ll. cortifi• rig · ·cate·of surrender net later than three. months before Hie date on which he wishes the surrender to take effect; _ (2) An application under subsection (I) of this section shall be in accordance With such regulations as may be prescribed. (3) Subject to subsection (4) of this section upon an applica- tion duly made under subsection (1) of this section the Secretary shall through tho Chief Inspector· of Mines issue a rertifirate .of surrender in respect of the land to which 1he application relates. (4) Toe Secretary shall not issue a certificate of surrender- (a) to an applicant who is in default; (b) to an applicant who fails to give records and reports in relation to his mineral operations; - (c) where he is not satisfied that the applicant will summ- der Ille land in a condition which is safo and accords with good mining practice; (dJ in respect of any land if the remaining area of the la1\d aftor such suucndc( would not bC' of the :.hapt: vr dimension prescribed with respect to any such area. of (5) Where a certificate surrender is issued wldet this section. the Secretary shall, where part only of the land subject to the mineral right is surrendeted. amend the relevant licence accordinrly 01· cancel the mineral right where the surrender is in respect of the whole area covered by tho mineral right.- · (6) Toe Secretary shall through the Chief Inspector of Mines givo notice to the applicant of the amendment or cancellation of ll11.:;1 wu~n~l ri~1l'H.1!i:l wh<m: llu;n; i& i,urr11iv.lt:1, i:ss~ a 1."tlri.lllcate of surrender. · (7) L&nd in respoct of which certificate of surrender is issued shall be treated· as having been surrendered with effect from the date on which·notice of the surrender i!l given under suhsectiQn {6) of this section. · P.N.D.C.L. 153. 24 J.llNERALS ANP MINING LAW, 1986 (8) The surrender of any land under this. iection shall not affect any liability incurred by·any potson·in respoot of that laud before the date on which the surrender took effect. s~!i,ent:loa a,..... caoce11a. b 67. h (1) . ·secretary may suspend or cancel a mineral right if , __T.he tiQnof t e O=- 1 rutneral right. (a)· fails to make any of the payments requirad by or under tbis Law on tbe due date,; (b) is in breach of any provision of this Law 011 the con• ditiovs of the mineral right or the/rovfafons of any other enactment relating to mines an minerals; (c) becomes insolVent or bankrupt, enters into any:agree. ment or scheme of composition with his: croditol'S, or takes advantage of any enactment for the benefit of his debtors or goes into liquidation,· except .as part of n sobeme for un 11rrll1l.gomert 01· o.mo.lga.mo.don; (d) makes any statement to the Secretary in c()ll,tlection with 'bis mineral right which he knows or .ought '\O have known to be false,; or (e) ·for ru;,y rOOson becomes itloligible to a.pply for a mineral ~ight under t~e provisions of this Law. (2) The Secretary shall before suspending or cancelling any mineral rmbt give notice to tho holder in SU('h manner as shall be prosc.ribod and shall in sudi notil.ltl rcyuirn the holU.m: io rewi;dy any ·bteacb of the condition of his mit•eral right and where such breach -cannot be remedied to show cau&e to the satifilactior of tho Secretary why th& minernl right should not 1M $USpettded or cancelled, . (3) On cancellation ot a mineral right under this section, the tight of the holder shn.11 cease but without prejudioo to any liabilities or obligations incurred by any person in relatiou ther~o prior to the date of the, cancellatic;,n. VMtingof 68. (l) Exoopt as may \ltherwise. be provided in. tho mining PtOJ!ilily on t~rmination lease, all immovable assets of, the' holder under the, ntinin~ le8.$e of mining shall vest in the Republic on the effective date of the tetmmation lease. of the lease. · (2) All movable a$scts Of the holdot in the mining area which are fully depreciated for tax purposes shall vest in the Republic without charge on the offective date of such termination_ and any· such property not then fulJy depreciated for tax purposes shall be otl'ored for 3&1¢ to thi;- Ropublw with.in sixty days i'rnm -tbc.(;ff\Xllive date of tennination at the depreciated cost. 2S P.N.O,C.L, !'53. MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (3) Where tho Republic f'a.ils to· purchase: any assets offered for sale in 4,ceordant:e with subsection (2) Qf this. se<::tk>u,- the owner may remove or otherwise dispose of suclJ. assets within such period as. tWl Secri)t;ary may determine. and aft« the _ex,iration. of such petiod the: M~c-t$ mill h~m.Q thQ prQporty 'Qf' th.;, l\~public without cllarg•.

69. (1) Upo,Il termination of a mineral ri3b't tho former holder DelJvery -:,f thereof shall .- deliver . to tho Secretary- _._ _ , documtnts to ~t~on (a) all records whir...u the holder is obliged un~r the pro• ~m~ on1 Y.ision~ o~ this Law or regulations ma.de tberounder r1J!/runua tomamta.m; (b)'all Plans or'maps of the area covered by the mirleral right p~pan::d by tho bolder ◊:r a.this iiwtructions; nt1d (c) such other document rela.ting to tbe mineral right as the-Secretary may direct. (2) Any person who fails to deliver, within thirty days from :ho date of -hi:s. beinir CA)lcd upon tQ ®' aQ by tM ~tetary, arir docum.ent which Js required ti) bo delivered under subsection (l) of :his sectfon slw.11 b'e guilty of an· offence. PART IX--SURFACll R1aars 70, (0 The ho-lder of a mineral right shall exercise his rights s.urfar:e undet this Law subject to such limitations relating to surface rights rivhts. as the Secrota-ry m~y pt\'!!Setibe, (2) Tb.ii rights eonforted by· a l'nin.eral right shall bo exorcised 111 a ma,.nner consistent with the reasonabJe and proper conduct of tbo operations cpru:umed so as to atroot as little ns. possible the tt'ter<:st of any lawft1l occupier of the land in respect of which such rights aro exercised. (3) Tho fa.wful oocu.pi'.or af I\U.y Ullld within a.n a.roa. ;ubj•..n to a mineral right shall retain tbt} right to graze livestock upon or to cultivate the stu:faoe of, $ltd\ land in s.o fat as such grazing Ot culti~ vation does not interfere with _the mineral opMations in the area. (4) I:n the caso of n mining area, the owner or lawful occupier of tho land withill tho n'tini.ng. area s.hall not erect any bwlding or sUw;t\WO tbe1eon without the consent of tho holder of the mining lcas<h ot if such oonsent is unreasonably withheld, without the con~ sent oftbC Soore~ry. · · 71. (t) The owner or occupier of any land subject to a mineral Com~aw right ma_y· apply to,the h-0ldor of the right for compensatior f.or any ~~u bt distruba1;1ce of the rightii of such owner Md for any dam.age done 0}s:~:~f to '\he &Urface of the land1 buildings, works or improvements or to·' surfruxi lives.foCk, crop 11, or ~s: in tl1El! ~a or such mineral opw:ations. rights, J'.NJJ.C.L. 153•. 26 MINERALS A.ND MINJNG'LAW, 1986 (2) An·application for compensation under subsection (I) of this section shall' be copied to the Socretary and tho land Valuation Boa.(d. . (3) Tho amount of compensation payable under subsection (1) Df this section shall, subjeot to tbd, approval of tho Land Valtia~ Hon Board, be detennined by ag:reeinent between the parties CQn- ceroed aitd if the patties are unable: to reach an Agreement as to the amount of compensation, the matter shall be referred: to the Secre- tary who shall in consultation with the Land Valuation Board determine the compensation payable.

72. The holder of a mineral 1ight shall in the exercise .of his. rights under the licence.or lease have due regard to the effect of the minC!'al operations on tho environment and shall take such steps a., may be t'ecessary to preve:nt pollution of the environment as a result of such mineral operations. PAR'l' X-BUILDING ANnJNDU.STIUAL MINERALS AND SMAi.1.-ScAJ..E •-MmE~::,AiC. {)M!RA"IiONS 1:1. (l) Nn {l(':NOn· sha.11- (a) search for any building ot industrial mineral by tecon~ naissanco; (b) prospect for any buildi.rig or industrial miuoral; op (t:) mim;:: "'-"Y liuilJ.iu1:1 VI i~•l.lu.11llffll 111/m;ud, without' a restricted ~nna.issanoo lieenoe, restricted prospecilng licertca or restricted minlPg lease respectively granted by the Secre,. tary. (l) ~cept as provided in Ibis Part anct subj~ to any specific provision made in this Law in respect of building and industrial minerals, the provisions of this Law relating to mineral rights shall apply to building and industrial minerals subject to such exemptions and modifications as the Secretary may on the advice of the Minerals Commission by regulations prescribe, Limits on 74. (1) A restricted reoonnaissa.nce licence, a r~stricted pros~ting licence and a restricted mining lease shall not bo amended to include "'"''"" lictn«t and k,.,._,.. the1e.in any minet"al trtheT than. tha bu\ld.i.ng M 'i.n.d.\ll\.tTi.a\ m\n.trf\\\ \TI, respect.of which the licence or lease was granted: (2) Subject to subsection (3) of section 46 a restricted mining lease shall be valid for a period not exceeding fifteen years as the Secretary may on the advice of the Minerals Commission determine and may on an application made to the Secretaty be renewed for further periods not e~ceedingfifteen years atany one time. 27 P.N.D.C.L. 153. MINERALS AND MINING LAW, I 986 (3) No rostdcted mining leaso :i.ha,U be. gtantod to any appJ~ut unless such applicant holds a rcs£ricted prospecting licence in re3pect of the building or ,industrial mineral applied for.

75. (1) NO restricted.re,Xmaaissance licence, restricted prospect~ QuOll~tioo. ing liconC4, or rei:.tdcted min.ins l.ea&o shall be ip:.a.l\ted ts:, arty person ca- {?Jltfc who is not ·a citizen of Ghana. reStr~ted (2) "The Secretary may on the advice qf the Minerals Com: ~':- kase. mission exempt any pcmon from the provision of subsection (1) of this section where he is satisfied that- (a) it isin the public irtterest that a restrictedreconoai.ssunce. a restrictod prospecting licence or a restricted-mining lease _be granted to_ such penon; or {b) (i) the restricted reconnaissance lie(m.re, the I'tll:itrfoted pro::.pccaiug licence or restricted mining lease applied for is in respect of building or indll.striaJ_ minerals required for specific works; and (li) the applicant hilr: given an 'lmd~rtabng that the minerals conoomed will not bo sold or otherwise disposed of for profit. (3) .The Secretary may cancel a mioera1 right grantod under this Part where he is satisfied that the holder has entored into an arrangement with a person who is not a. citizen of Ghana which arrangement has the effect of transferring to that person the benefit of such mineral right. 76, Nothing in thiS Law shall prevent- Special tights (a) a local autllorily on Ja.nd owned by it; ~~!; with (b) the owner 01 lawful occupier of any land Qwn,cd or r ~ to d 1 occupied bY him; or ~d,1J1~at-' (c) the holder of any mineral right on land to which the ttrloerafa, ri.pt tel.ates, from prospecting for and Illining any building or industrial minerals to be used by such owner, occupier or '1.older solely for building. road making or agricultural purposes on such land, so long as the cm.etciee of such ri,sht is not incons.istent with or detrimental to tbe right of any othet person hoid~g a mineral right in respect of r.ueh land. .

17. (1) Where the Secretary after c0nsultation with the Mineral:. srnaJ...91:aff! f'(\mm111d .... n rr.n ..;",..." th!>t it i,i. in tl-lA rmhlir int..,rr,qt ti'I ..,nr..-.nrR2"f! mincr~l pro&pect:ing and mining of n1iJ:i.erals in any area of land by mothods• opm: om, oot involving substantial expenditure or1 the use of speciAlised teclmology, he may by notice in tho Gazette, design.at(; that area for smoll~soate min~al operation and ptellcribo- the mineral to be mined. P.N,D,C,L, JS3, 28 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, /986 (2) Whcro an area has been designated for small--scale min.eral operation under subsection (1)-of this sectiOA, the Secretary 'IIl.ft.Y· on the advice of the Minerals Commission ·in respect of th.il.t are!\ and in relation to any mineral ~r_e.<1c1ihed. exclude <n' mnclify by reenl11.tinn any of the provisions <Jf tlw Law which would otherwise apply to prospe-ctmg or mining oi,er.ations ju that area·and lot tffinninerais prescribed. ,.. · · · (3) Nothing in. ,ubsectiOII (2) of this section shall oo read or construed as <1.uthorising a,nytbing to be don6-· · · ' (a) which has the. effect of motiifWJg ~r extinguishing the rights of any person holding a niinera.l right over a designated area or any part thereof; or (b) wh.i® affix;t.-, tho r.iglct.s uf uuy -vtbur pcr~on C:-xwpt to the ·ex.tent that those tights might have been affected if no exolUsion or modification had been made under subsectfoil. (2) of this section. (4) The pro-vision .in ooction 75 of thfa l..a.w which relatl}ll to the qualification of a.ppJicantsfor building and industrial minerals 'sb.All applfto applicants for smaU~scale.minoral operation. PART XI-MISCELLANEoUS PROVISIONS f«'ihu~ 73, (1) Tho bolder of a tnln.erarrigbt shall in _the ·conduc_t of his "~~du:aand nrinel'al Operations, a.nd in the purchase, constmction- and·min-a\Ja.. m11laYttretJt tion of .fucilitielj, give proferon(x:a"to~ · ~hrumltm. , (a) materials and produets mad0 in d-hll,Wl; (b) oervi00 "gcncic& l0catcd_in Chana.and.owned by (i) Ghanaians; (ii) companies or partnership registered under the Companies Codo 1963 (Act 11.9) or the Incorporn.ted PriVlltl) P~:rtner$hi1's kt, 1962 · (Act 152); (ill) public corporation, to thti maximum extent possible and consistoot with safcty1 clficiency and economy. . "·.· · •: (2) The holder of a mirieral right shall, in all phases-or hi!. operation.a, give preference iv emplcyme»t · to citizens of Ghana to the inaximUUl oxtcnt possible- nnd oonsistent with safety, efficiency- and oconomy, · . · . Record$ arul 79; p) Tllo 8ec:t'etary sball lriaifitain records of all ntlnct,d rights fURrn.hine; Qt ·granted under this Law and,. subject to such conditions as tho· Secre-, iM'otrna'tion. ta.ry may prescribe,· such recoi'ds 1shaU bo"open to· inspection by members of tho public during Il(')ttJial ·official woxking ho\l'l'S· and members of the public: may on i;m.yment n-f Gnr.h fei,!l. 10; 111~y be prescribed be ~mitted to take copies of such reoords. •· , . 29 P.N.D.C.L. 153: MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 {l),'Ihe :Seeretary ;tn~y. for tbe pUrpose:.il. of thls ·Law, in writing reques:t any '.Person to futnish him within-tho period specified !n tho request, $uc~ ififorma,tion Mi;I documents as.may be specified Ill tbe request

80. (1) At:>y pel"oon wh.a- Off,._t)r~~. (a) -collducts reeonnaissance, prospects for.:; ·or mine& minerals otherwise- thatl in ·accordance with .the pro~ visions·pf thi_s Law; (b) in makin.e. applkation for mineral rig.ht or renewal · thcreof,.knowingly makes ar.'Y statement which is false or misleading in a'nyma.(erial pa'flticuiar; (c) ,in any .report, return or affidavit submitted in pur• 5:u\\t\00 of the provit.\()ll.s of _thli!.- J.aw,_ lroowin~y iµi;lude-$. At\Y infc~mf1tlon whi~ fa ~lllQ ,or rq:isloo.ding: _. in. a,uy materin.l partmular; (d) remove&.or dis~oses of any mineral contrary to the proVisions o[ this Law; (1!) m.,-ri~ mi- :business in cootraventioi;> of subsection (1) Of seetion's9··or erects any building or other structute in oontraVention of tho provisions of'subsection (2) of section 59; (f) pollutes theenvir<1nmeri.tcou.trary'tosection 72; (g) 1entoves ati.y builrut",!h 'fixed maehmer-y or other · movable property eootrury to section 68; (h) pla.ces. Qr depcisits, or causes to bi, placed· or deposited any mio.etal i» any place with tha intcm.t.km to mislead any other- pe.r<:(It'I_ l'l!I. u, -tbe mineral poft.<1.ihilitiM of !tnch place; (0 mingles or ca.uses to be any substances which will n:r: with samples or om ce tho value or in. any way change. t1~c na:tme of such ore, with tho intention to cheat, decorve or defi'aud; (j) being· engaged iu the. business of milling1 leaching, · ·sampling,: concentrating, reducing, assaying; trans~ por~ or dealing ill ores, metal$ ()t minerals, keeps. o,: Uses any false (It foaurlu.lent sc.'\Tes or weights for weighing such ores, metals or mil'er8.1Si or uses a.uy ·fatso or fraudulent assay scales or weights or enriched ftuxes. used foi: e.scertain.i:ng the assay valu"' of m.inera.1.s, knowing-them to·bc false or fraudulent; (KJ·taus, ne~ts or ,retuses-to comply' wan any rurecuon ·•la.wfully given- under-this Law; (f)· fails negleots or refuses to allow or provide all reas6U• ablo ·faci.Utits and assit.tiimte- to any offi.e<:tr exercising n~y fl.-.W#'f' nnifAr thi<:. T AW; P,N,D.C,L, 153, 30 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, /986 (,u) o1,.dt"n<'tt, l,.lnrl.,,,t.. n., ,,1,.,1,:,_y,,: <1n $11nfhnrl!t!>.A nflir.J!r fn the performanceofhi,dutles under this Law; or (n) oontravcn.es any of the other provisions ofthis Law, •hall be guilty of •• oifenco, · &l. (\) \\fhere a.n offence is committed under this La.w or unctor regulations made thereunder by a body of pers:ons-- (o) in the ™e of a body corporate, <>tlw than a partll,t1'- sbip, every director ot an officer of the body shall also be;, deemed to bt,, g\lilty of thil ofI'enco; l\tlld (/J) in tho case of a partnorsh1p evory partner or officer of thJtt body shall be deemed to be: guilty of that offence. (2) No penon shall be deemed to bo guilty or an Offcnco by virtue of i:nb.1iettiltl\ (!) nf this i;eclion if be proves that the offence was oonunitted witMut his knlYWledge or connivance and that be exercised .a11 doe care and diligence to prevent tho commission of the offenoe having regard to all th_e-clrcu~tancos. 82, 0) Anv oerson found guilty of an 0ffmie¢ under this Law fot -whi.ch no penalty has been provided shaU ho 1iable, on first convfotiM, t() a fine not exceeding ~500,000,00 or tQ imprioonni~nt for a term not exmeding two years or to both. (2) On a ~ or subsequent conviction for· an l?ffttaoe under this Law, a Court may trnpo$o a penalty Which does not exceed double the penalty ref'en,-,d to in subsoction (1) of this !iOOtion. (3) The Court befooo which any person is <:onvii::ted of an otreru:e: under this Law may in addition to any penalty that it may irQpose ordor the forfeiture tQ the Republic or ;11.ny n,innral in res(lec:t of which the off'®ce was committed. Re,ulatioc,s, 83, (1) Tho Secretary inay, by legisla.tivo· insttument rnake regu- lations for tbt- oonileTvation and devtlopment of minea. and min.era.ts and for thP. purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Law. · (2) Without prejudice to the gene..ality of subsootion (I) of this section, regulatwns made under this section may provide fo.r-- (a) the shape of areas over which mineral rights may ho ~anted~· (b) the examination of any mine or m.ineral by an auth<r riscd officer; . (c) deter.mining the qualities of the minerals to beextractfJd; •(d) the ret:entkm of any ore or speci:nl(m of any mil\eml by any pets_on in char~ of a mine or connec1.ed. there• with fot the identiftClltion of suth ore or. sampl!!\ and for the taking by a,n au!horiired ofti1;t;t c>f samples of $\\Ch ote or spee\\nen; 31 P.N.D.C.L. 1$3, MINERALS AN.D MINING LAW, 1986 (e) directionato be 81,ven to any person in charge of a. .u.tino or conncoted therewith by an. a.uthorised officer for. the conservation and development of mines and minerals; (/) fh(; n1a.k.ing of return~ of minc-ral:i WOI\ and ft,t tho valuation of sut:h.ml:nera13; {g} the retums. ~ ta be tendered. in relation to acc.ounts, books and plans 1equired to 00 kept by holders~ (h) the aubminion by .iny p<trnon in charsa o.f ~ miA<t or cont>,ected tlierawith of &ltch retnms a1:1 the Secretary may specify in the: regulations and for the maintenanoc by s:up:b perM:m. ~h'lll14 1-w.ords.: (i) the nature and adequacy of any r.1a-p or plan l'(tQuired for the purposes of this Law; U) the merger cf mineral rights; (k) the contrmurfon by parties benefi.tted by a fair share of oost of pumping in cases whew pumping Ja one mme hen.ell.ti otM)t m)M';,; ·(/) the restriction of prospecting oporations. in oi near any river, dam, lako, or stteam; (m) prevonting the po\hi.lioo l\f waters, springs, 11,treams, riV1'n. or Jaku--.; · (n) the 111a.nner in which ateas and boundaries shall be matked, beaoonod and s.Utveyed an(j. 11w fees payable in respect of such sutVey; (o) the gtQ.1'1\:1}8 <>i >l'lllft1• .>~ ,o.tli,.,.r Wlid'la.l;i <>JI tho ·.u,,)..,.,_.At atca; (p) the gathering of Jirewood and the cutting down and use of timber for '\he purpose of cauying on prOipecting and mining operatfotl; (q) the renewal, transfer, assignment and surrender of roinetal right~; (r) the protttction of pits, shafts and such other dangerous places; '(.r) tb.e 1epotting of atx:iduots; (t) ensuring the safety of- the public and the safety .and welfare of persons employed.in mines•and tho carrying on of mineral opetati.on.s in a %3.fe, proper and effective mauui:1; {u) preventing tb.e employment of incompctMt petsons to be in c:hargo of machinery; (P) preventing injury to persons or property in a mining ru:~ \:iy ~el.'))ic:ak; P.N,D,C,L. 153. J2, MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (w) regulating; the .use of explosive in ntineta.1 operations; (x). feos payable undefthls Law; (y) fornis ·of 'applications ·and licences. to be made aud issued wider this Law;,· (z) · ~be panaltk,s- for offenoos against_ the regulatione: and nnythil\g which. is fo bci prc;M«dbod., · ·

84. (1) In this Law, unless the context' Otherwise requires- "authorised officer'' :means a person authorised .by the Soorota.ry Ol' tho Chi<;f In3PColor of Minon to ol'Wrofao any power or function und~ thls Law; ••benefits" includ& faoilities, erititlements_ and· exemptions a conferred on a holder in respect of niliteral right; "building and industria1 mi_nerals" means barite~ basalt, clay, dolomite, feldspar, granite, gravel, gyps.um. laterite, limestone, mica, magnesite, llUU'ble, phosphate, rock, sand, rumdstone, $late and talc, when mined for use in Ghana for agriculture, building, roadmaking or industry and auoh other minorals,ao the Seorem.rr tlllly from time to time declare, by notice published m tho Gazette, to be blµlding and industrial minerals when so mined; HCapital" means all cash contributions, plant1 machiu&ry, equipm~t, building!!, spare patts, raw materials and other business assets other than goodwill; "Chief Inspector of Mines" ineans the .Chief Inspector of Mines appointed under S<X:tion 9, citizen of GhamV' means- (a) in relation to an individual, an .individual who is a citizen of Ghana by virtue of' any law for the time being in force in Ghana; (b) in !elation to a pa.rtn<:irshiP Or association of individuals, a partnership or association which is composed exclusively of individuals wllo are citizens Of Gha.n.a; '(•) .ln.-n,,fo,ti.;_.u -W a Wd;r ,,,,;n:p<,i,-~t,;:, .:.th,.:.,: tho.u p\:lVllv .torPoratlon, a body corporato which is inoorpo~ rated in Ghana-under (he Companies Code-, 1963 (Act 179), and (i) whit:h··is certified by. the Secretary to be oontrQlled1by Government; or {ii) whose membership is composed oxclusivoly of persons who are citizens of Ghana; Qr 33 P.N.O,C.L. 153, MlNEMLS AND MJJ(lNG LAW, 1986 ,(iii:).whose directors arc. exclusively citizens of Ghana; or (iv) which is _controlled by individuals who are -oit~:i of Gha.ria; · (ti) ln relation to a public c<irporation, a corporation that is established in Ohana by or under any enac.:tm<mt; ~•l!.,_tith1Af'l.tnl 'W.eff" r:,r "tb·.• e~ludv.;. l!'(-f\nowic- :u-ru.-" means any area declaced by any cnactmel't for the time bcitlg in force as the continental shelf or the e:telusive economic zone of tbe. Republic; "Council" means the Provisional National DQt'ence Council; "Customsimpo1tduties'' .includes import duty, sales tax and otber rolatod charges; "Foreign capital". means cot1vcrtible currency, plant, macbinei:y, equipment, spare parts, raw materials and aµy vlhcr but.i:lle~ti a1>r.ct1> othoi; tbml g;OIJU.will i.bat enter Ghana with no initial disbursement of Ghana's foreign l!lXchange and ate iqtended for. ot rela.t«l to mineral operation& approved under this Law; "Government" means the Government of Ghana.; "holdet" means the holder of a mineral right under this Law; "in defa.ult'' means in 'brea.i.:b <if any of the provisioM of this Law; ''Map or plan'-' means a document containing geometrical numerical a.ud verbal :representations of a piece of land, which has been signed by a land sutveyor and approved or certified in such··manner as the Chief Jn-,pc:c,tor of Mill~ mAy require; ''mine'' when used as·a noun, mean.s ~1iy place, excavation ·or W(ltkin.g wherein, wheteon·or whereby any o-pei:a.tion connected wi~ mining is car_ri,ed- ~n together -with all buildin,w, prem_ises, erectiousand aoplimlces beloniting or appertainin.g ther-eto above and below the gtOUl\d for thi;, purpooo -of ·winning; treating or rrcparing mioorals, obtairdng or exttacting any miilera or metal b)' any mode tlf method ot fot the pUl:p0$e of dres..<;ing tn.in~n•.l o~t, an<i U'clu.des a qua.try where- bu.ilclfog and industrial mll'erals arc mfued; · '"mine" when used as a verb, means intentionally to win minerals, and includes -any operations directly ·or indirectly neces:se.ry therefor or incidental. thereto,, M.d '.;mining'' shall be construed accoi:dIDgly; P.N.D.C.L. i53. 34 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 ''mineral"- means 'any substnitoo in ·solid 'or _liquid fonn occurring naturally in or on the earth, or on Ol' unde1· the seabed> formed by or s.uqject to geological process including buildjng. and industrial mineraJs, but does not include petroleum (as defined in tho. Petrc,1Jeum (Explo,ation and Production) I.aw, 1984 (P,N.D.C.L: 84) or wa.tar; "mineral operations" means recounaissance, _prospecting ()l' min mg of mirerals; , "mi.lleral tight" means a right to rec0nnoit,e, prospect for or -mire minerals given by the Sei..-retary iu tho form of a reoonnaiSSatlce licence, a pros:peet1ng .lioon.co, a minll'g lease, a restricted reconnaissance Jioon~ a restricted prospecting licence or a restricted mining lease; "mining II.TOO" ml:'~n$ _the 1:inrl rles.ignated li'll a milling area in a mining lease; "Mining leas'o" means the area which is subject t-0 a right to mine undt)r sootion 44 or 45 of this Law; "mining operations" means the mining of minerals under a minmg lease; • ' presoribed" means prescribed by Regulations:;· 1 "a programme of mining operations" means such a pro- gramme approved on, the granting of a mining lease and includes any amendmenttherero madetn pursuance of the provisions of this Law; "programme of prospecting operations" meaus s~ a pro- gramme approved on the granting of a prospeicting licence and includes anv amendlllent thereto.made in pursuance of the proviskms of th'Ut Law_; "programme of reconnaissance operations" means such a progn\mme approved on the granting or renewal of a reconnaissance- licence and -includes any amondment thereto ma.do in pur~ua.noo of t~s ~w; "prospect" means intention.ally to seareh for minerals and includes operations to determine the extent and econo~ mic value of any deposit; "prospecting area" mea.ns tho land ~uhject tn ·a flrruipP.Nil'\e; licence; · "prospocting liocnce" means a right to prospect acquired under section 36; "provided" means provided under this Law, a mining lease, or ncenoe grante<l unuer tb.ls Law; · "radio~active mineral" mcims a minei:al which contains by weight at least one,.twentietb of one per cent ,5 r.N,D,C,L, 13J. MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (O.OS 'PC1' cwt) of uranium or fuodum or any c.ombl'Oa~ tion tnorrof, :inchldmg but not limited to ttio tOllow- ing- (a} moor.rite sand ruld othet ores oon.tainin.g tborhun; (b) camotite, pitchblende and· otbor .ores contain• ing uranium; "rcconnai6&ance" means tbe search for minerals by geo- vhysical. geochemical nnd 'Ph,ot(),geological surveys or ot~r remote sensing techniques. and surface geology in. oonn.ecl\on fueyrewith but does not, Wlless a liceuco grwted UDder section 32 so provides, include drilling, excavation or other subswface techniques; "recounai!I~ lli,;ooco" m0t1U.s a. right to condu.ct i:eocm.• naissance acquired under section 32; ",r~ll5all.Cfl .w'Ai•• moon$ the land subject to a reeonff na,isuanw lit:en.ce; "rcgu.1.a.tions"' mewl& Rogu.la.tfo:tts ma.de und.et secticm 8;3 of this Lawj "Republic" means the Republic of Ghana; «restricted mining area" means the land subject to a rc~triotcd mining loaoo; ,;r~tricwi prospecting a.tea." ~ s the land subje<.t t<l a rostrieted prospecting licence; ''.re1;,,tricted Jlllllillg lease" means a lease to min~ building ot inrtustria.l mineral: "~estiicted prospecting licet!<:e" :mea.us. a licence to prospect for building or industtial minenil; "restdcted reconru.tissance licence" means a licence to 8Cal'ch for building or industrial Jllllleral by rccon.~ n.a.issancc; "Searetary" means the ProvisfonAI National Defen6c , Co'U»cil SecreU\t, for Lands and Na.turnl Resoutces.; "State" means the Government of the Republic of Ob€'. ,a; "terminatiori." means the lapse of a tnineral right by ·expiry of timo; surrender or cancellation. SS. (1) The following enactments are hereby repealed- (i) The Minoto.b Ordinance, 1936 (Cap: 155); (il) Tu, l{adio,Active Minerals Ordi®nce, 1946 (Cap. 151); (iii) .Minerals Act. 1962 /Act 1261: P.•N.D.C.L. 153. 36 MINERALS AND MINING LAW, 1986 (iv) ·Tho Mines and Mine~alA(CQnservation and Develop• me.tit}Act, 1965 (Act-278); · (v) Mining Rights Regulations, 1905 (Cap. 1S3); and (vi). Section 1 of the: Minerals Act arid Rogulations , . (Amendment) Decree,:1968 (N.L.C.D. 308).. (2) '.fhe provisions of the_ Administration of Lands (Amend- ment) Decree, 1979(A.F.R.C.D: 61) sha1Itotheextentthattbey apply to mining rights cease to be operative ·ou the coming into force of this Law and a_ccordingly all references in that Decree to mining rights aro hereby repealei;}.- (3) Notwiths.tandir.g the repeal in suhs.eetions. (l) and (2) of ·'this section, any regulations made. under .the repealed enactments sball so far M .they a:re co:ns.istent with the pr~vidons of this Law, continue inforceasiftheywereregulations madeunder section &3 of this Law. TrausitioDai 86. Notwithstanding tiw repeal of the enactm'etlts referred to· in ptovfflions section i:5 of thiQ lAw,,11ny Hr-Pl11-m, ._l~ffl ~r Jlffl'~it {!:l'RTltPrl nnrlf"I' re1at111g io existing any of those einactments ·and sub8Jlltlllg immediately before the licences, etc. commencement of this Law shall oouµnue in for~ s.ubject tQ such conditions as the Secretary may determine. Moo~n &7, The followil\s -enactm-en.ts- ofeidm,z enactments. (a) the Administration of Lands Act, 1962 (Act 123); (b) the Concessions Ordinance; 1939 (Cap. 136); (c) the _Concessiolls Act, 1962 (Act 124); (dJ tho Aliens Aot, 1963 (Act 160); . (e) the Se!ective Ali.ens EmploY!llent Tax ·Decree, 1973 (N.R.C.D. 201); (f) ·the Exchange Control Act, 1961 (Act 71); (g) the Tnr~me Tax Der.ree, lQ?5 '(S.M.C.D. 5);, (h) t~e Minerals Reg~atious, 1962 (L.I. 231) and_ any enactm"1nt relating to minerals as defined under section '34 of this Law shalt apply with such modifications as may be noeessary to give, foll eff,;ct t(l the provisions of this Law. · Made this 4th day of July, 1986. FLT.-LT. JEllR y JOHN RAWLINGS Chairman of the i>/ovisional National Defence Colmcil Oat~ o( Gazette DOtification: 18th July, 1986, _l'_Rl_N_T_l!.O-BY-.-T-la.~-ll/1.NA. 'l'Uf.LlSlllNO COlU'OllA.'l:lON ('PRlNTINO OlVJSlON) . . ' ASiHMJIL~ !'RSSS, ,._cc~A, O~NA. Price €SO 310