Federated States of Micronesia National Environmental Management Strategy 2019-2023

Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 SPREP Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Federated States of Micronesia National Environmental Management Strategy 2019–2023. Apia, Samoa : SPREP, 2019. 36 p. 29cm. ISBN: 978-982-04-0836-4 (print) 978-982-04-835-7 (ecopy) 1.Environmental impact analysis – Federated States of Micronesia. 2. Environmental policy – Federated States of Micronesia. I. Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). II. Title. 333.7150966 SPREP authorises the reproduction of this material, whole or in part, provided appropriate acknowledgement is given. Cover photo: Community house, Tamil, Yap. © Chiara Franco. Other photos: Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photos are copyright SPREP. An initiative of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States funded by the European Union. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union and the United Nations Environment Programme. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union or the United Nations Environment Programme. Contents Foreword From the Secretary oF decem iii meSSage From the director general oF Sprep iv 1. introduction 1 1.1 The Federated States of Micronesia 2 1.2 What is the National Environmental Strategy (NEMS)? 2 1.3 Rationale for the NEMS 3 1.4 Formulation of the NEMS 3 1.5 The NEMS and Multilateral Environmental Agreements 3 2. guiding principleS 4 2.1 Leadership and good governance 4 2.2 Collective responsibility for the environment 5 2.3 Traditional knowledge, practices and innovations 5 2.4 Integration of the environment and development 5 3. thematic areaS 6 4. implementation and monitoring Framework 28 5. concluding remarkS 29 7. acronymS 30 6. acknowledgmentS 30 anneX. A list of International environment treaties to which the FSM is a signatory 31 ii Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 FoReWoRD FRom the seCRetaRy oF DeCem Through the guidance of the FSM States representatives and the National Government, the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Emergency Management (DECEM), with the support of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Program (SPREP), were able to develop the FSM National Environment Management Strategy (NEMS) 2019-2023. The last National Environment Management Strategy was developed in 1993 providing the policy direction then for the FSM Government to address environmental issues in a systematic way. A State of the Environment Report in 1993 provided the basis for that NEMS. In the same vein, this 2019-2023 NEMS was developed in line with the findings of the FSM State of Environment report 2019. The SOE confirms and highlights FSMs numerous environmental challenges including waste management, declining fish populations, increasing pressure on natural resources and rising sea levels, which threaten Micronesia’s forests, agricultural areas and fresh-water supply. With FSM’s continuous aim for sustainable development, the need for sustainable use of these natural resources has been the focus of the NEMS and most importantly addressing these issues raised in the State of Environment reports. The NEMS outlines FSM’s strategy in addressing important environmental issues and promote better livelihoods. It also promotes strengthening of partnerships between the sectors and states and creates opportunities for funding support from donor partners. The NEMS is a commitment towards our States and National Government Development targets and sector panning. It provides support to the FSM Government commitments to regional and global agreements such as the S.A.M.O.A. Pathway, Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEA), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). I acknowledge the support provided by SPREP through the UNEP ACP/MEA Capacity Building project phase 2 and also to the FSM National and State Governments for the financial and technical support towards the NEMS development process. It was through this support that the FSM Government was able to develop this important document that will promote environment sustainability and strengthened commitment by the FSM government to its national, regional and international commitments. Honorable Andrew Yatilman Secretary, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Emergency Management iiiFederated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 message FRom the DIReCtoR geneRaL oF sPReP Pacific island countries are increasingly exposed to series of environmental hazards that threaten the health Pacific island communities and its natural environment. Climate change tops the list of big issues across all island groups, while local environmental battles are being waged over deforestation, land and sea mining, urban migration, infrastructure development and population growth. These brings with it environmental issues such waste pollution, invasive species, unsafe water, poor sanitation, air pollution, hazardous chemicals and occupational hazards which contributes to poor livelihood. The degradation of these ecosystems, land and marine resources impinge upon the quality of life opportunities for many island communities. In 2018, the Federated State of Micronesia through the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Emergency Management (DECEM) with the support of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Program (SPREP) assisted in the formulation of the Federated States of Micronesia National Environment Management Strategy (NEMS) 2019–2023. The FSM NEMS was developed based on data and information in the FSM State of Environment report, formed as a prerequisite of the NEMS. The FSM NEMS will enable DECEM to work together with other key government entities, the FSM State Government, stakeholders and partners to address environment problems identified in the SoE in a systematic and integrated way. The NEMS will also serve as the environment guide towards the implementation of the FSM National Development Plan and States Development Plan including regional frameworks and Multilateral Environment Agreements. The development of the FSM NEMS 2019–2023 was made possible through the financial support of the European Union African Caribbean Pacific Multilateral Environment Agreement Phase 2 Capacity Building Project, the United Nations Environment Programme Global Environment Facility Inform Project and the technical support provided by the staff of the Environmental Monitoring and Governance Programme of SPREP. The process for developing the NEMS was led and guided by the office of DECEM and representatives of the four States Government of Pohnpei, Chuck, Kosrae, and Yap. I would like to commend and congratulate the Government through DECEM in reaching this milestone achievement and wish you all the best and success with the implementation of the FSM NEMS 2019–2023. Kosi Latu Director General Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Nick Hall 1Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 1. introduction The National Environmental Management Strategy (NEMS) 2019-2023 is a commitment by the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) to conserve and improve its environment for current and future generations. It is a living document that provides a framework of environmental strategies and actions over the next five years. The strategy takes into consideration existing global, regional and local targets, threats and drivers and environmental framework, which the FSM is committed to implement. The strategy is the outcome of a consultative process by the national and state stakeholders during the development of the FSM’s State of the Environment report (SoE). The SoE report identified seven thematic areas, and the recommendations developed from the SoE have been organized under the seven thematic areas in this NEMS: ThEmE 1. Atmosphere and Climate ThEmE 2. Terrestrial Resource Management ThEmE 3. Marine Resource Management ThEmE 4. Conservation of Biodiversity ThEmE 5. Built Environment ThEmE 6. Culture and Heritage ThEmE 7. Environmental Governance Mainstreaming and Capacity Development Note: Theme 2 Water and Theme 3 Land in the SoE are addressed under the combined theme of Terrestrial Resource Management, while strategies and actions dealing with water infrastructure are found in Theme 5 Built Environment of the NEMS. During the development of the SoE and NEMS, the Micronesia Conservation Trust (MCT), in partnership with the FSM Department of Resources and Development, were developing the national and state Biodiversity Strategic Action Plans (NBSAP). The NEMS is aligned with the NBSAP and the FSM Strategic Development goals 2004-2023. Ami Vitali 2 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 1.1 the Federated StateS oF MicroneSia The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a federation of four semi-autonomous island states, in geographic sequence from west to east - Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosrae - comprised of 607 islands with land elevation ranging from sea level to the highest elevation of about 760 m. FSM’s total landmass is 702 km², with a declared Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covering over 1.6 million km². Its marine and terrestrial biodiversity are the nation’s living wealth and species endemism is high among the terrestrial biota. The high endemism within the nation is a direct result of the isolation of the islands to one another and to other landmasses in the greater Micronesian region (Figure 1 map of FSM). The conservation and preservation of FSM’s natural heritage has high national importance and global significance. The marine and terrestrial resources are the foundation of the country’s long-term economic self-sufficiency (FSM NBSAP 2018 and Strategic Development Plan 2004-2023 (SDP)). Maintaining the ecosystems that nurture this diversity is crucial to sustaining the country’s rich ethno-biological traditions while improving quality of life, since 60% of the population depends on subsistence livelihoods. A thorough inventory and monitoring of the FSM’s natural resources are integral to the effective management of these resources to benefit its people, and for biodiversity conservation. The FSM’s natural resources already face numerous threats. The impacts of climate change will exacerbate existing threats and place additional pressures on the country’s people, natural resources and biodiversity. Ownership of land and aquatic areas varies between states. In Kosrae and Pohnpei, land is both privately and state-owned, while aquatic areas are managed by the state as public trusts. In Chuuk, most land and aquatic areas are privately owned and are acquired through inheritance, gift or, more recently, by purchase. In Yap, almost all land and aquatic areas are owned or managed by individual estates and usage is subject to traditional control. In all four states, land cannot be sold to non citizens of the FSM. Land and aquatic ownership patterns greatly influence the strategies and actions required to sustainably manage the natural resources of the nation. Map of Federated States of Micronesia. (Source: Wikipedia). 1.2 What iS the national environMental Strategy (neMS)? The first NEMS was developed in 1993 to be implemented over five-years, which coincided with the Second National Development Plan period, 1992-1996. The NEMS was based on the 1993 SoE report, which indicated that while the FSM’s natural resources were in relatively good condition there were significant environmental problems and major gaps in environmental data (NEMS 1993). 3Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 While the NEMS was meant to be a living document, no update or review has taken place since 1993. The FSM’s natural resources have continued to degrade due to various threats, however, there has been a significant increase in the last 10 years in environmental policy at both the national and state level. In addition, there have been greater efforts by communities, states, and the national government to improve management of the environment and natural resources. This latest FSM NEMS takes into account the advances made since 1993 and was developed alongside the 2018 SoE report as well as the 2018 National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan. 1.3 rationale For the neMS The NEMS is intended to guide the coordination and collaboration of the stakeholders in the implementation of key policies, programs and actions to promote sustainable development and conservation of the environment. The NEMS is a framework that links related policies and programs to provide a roadmap for environmental actions and stewardship. It promotes the establishment of good governance and policies, and highlights shortcomings that need to be addressed for the protection of the environment. This will help to achieve economic aspirations and enhance community well-being. 1.4 ForMulation oF the neMS The NEMS was developed by the Nature Conservancy’s Micronesia Program in partnership with DECEM and SPREP, based on the responses and recommendations identified in each of the thematic areas of the FSM 2018 SoE. A national consultation workshop was held in Palikir, the capital of the FSM, in October 2018 and a validation workshop was held from February 27th to March 1st 2019 in Kolonia, Pohnpei. Under the 2018 SoE, seven thematic areas were assessed and incorporated in the 2019–2023 NEMS. Many of the actions and recommendations in the NEMS are supplementary to those presented in the FSM’s NBSAP 2018, and other nationally endorsed policies and programs. Part of the text has been freely derived from sources listed in the references and other reputable sources. Group Participants to the SoE and NEMS development process. 1.5 the neMS and Multilateral environMental agreeMentS The FSM is party to many Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). The NEMS provides an overarching implementation framework for many of these MEAs (Annex 1). 4 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 2. guiding principleS The NEMS 2019–2023 is guided by global principles that include leadership and good governance, collective responsibility for the environment, indigenous knowledge, practices and innovations and integration of the environment and development. 2.1 leaderShip and good governance The FSM Government will lead efforts to protect, manage and promote the sustainable use of the country’s environment and its natural resources. This involves upholding good governing practices of transparency, accountability, shared responsibility and fairness in the consideration of environmental requirements in development practices. It respects everyone’s right to a clean and healthy environment. It also recognizes key principles for respecting the needs and capacities of the natural environment such as the precautionary, polluter pays and carrying capacity principles. The Precautionary Principle is defined in the UN Agenda 21 Rio Declaration as “Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation”. The Polluter Pays Principle means that populations are justly responsible for the waste and pollution they generate either directly or through payments for the available mitigation and management services. The principle extends to society’s responsibility to pay for the programs that help to replenish, restore and rehabilitate natural resources and the environment that were exploited or degraded through extensive development activities. The Carrying Capacity Principle may be defined as the ability of the environment to sustain the needs of human development and its own natural requirements. Development should respect the limits of the carrying capacities of its hosting environment if it is to achieve a more sustainable pathway. 25th Anniversary of SPREP celebration as part of the SoE/NEMS development process in FSM. From L-R: United Nations Environment Pacific Office coordinator Mr Sefanaia Nawadra; Secretary of the Department of Resources and Development, Hon. Mr Marion Henry; Deputy Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mr Samson Pretrick, and Environment Planning Advisor, Jope Davetanivalu. 5Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 2.2 collective reSponSibility For the environMent Biodiversity and the environment provide important goods and services for communities. It is the responsibility of individuals, organizations and societies to protect and manage the sustainable use of biodiversity. The extraction or exploitation of natural resources have economic and environmental costs. It is our collective responsibility to ensure that these costs are not detrimental to the state of biodiversity and the goods and services it provides. 2.3 traditional knoWledge, practiceS and innovationS The people of the four FSM states have unique traditional knowledge and practices, which have guided their survival and development for thousands of years. The traditional knowledge and practices are still relevant today, and are therefore integrated into and recognized in the strategies identified in the NEMS. 2.4 integration oF the environMent and developMent This principle recognizes that the environment underpins economic development. It recognizes the challenges in balancing the needs of the environment and the development needs of the people of the FSM. It is vital that economic and/or physical development must ensure environmental protection, to facilitate long-term economic sustainability. This principle emphasizes the importance of credible scientific information to support the integration of the environment into development planning and implementation. It also recognizes appropriate value systems of the people in the FSM that promote the integrity of the environment. The FSM NEMS and SoE reports contribute to a larger global effort towards the conservation of biodiversity and improving the environment for the benefit of all. It is important that the NEMS, while local in its approach, is closely linked with regional and international environmental conventions and agreements (see Annex 1). Courtesy visit to the Lt. Governor of Pohnpei, the Honorable Reed Oliver, third from right. 6 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 3. theMatic areaS theMe 1 atMoSphere, cliMate SDG • Sustainable Development Goals objective 1.1 REDUCE RELiANCE ON FOSSiL FUELS tO DECREASE GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMiSSiONS Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Set a year limit on used cars Regulation passed on manufactured year (2003 2008) of imported cars Improve knowledge of greenhouse gas emissions in relation to car year of manufacture – Ongoing activity FSM Department of Transportation FSM Department of Finance division of Customs and Tax All State Public Safety -Traffic Divisions All State EPAs/KIRMA Local Conservation NGOs 2023 Develop a standardized emissions test Regulation passed Capacity developed in all four states Regulation enforced DECEM FSM Department of Finance Division of Customs and Tax All State Public Safety Divisions 2030 Reduce emissions from power plants Decrease in use of diesel for power generation FSM R&D All State Utility Companies 2025 Support at least one renewable energy project in all four states Renewable energy opportunities identified Funding sources secured Project implemented FSM TC&I FSM R&D FSM Vital All State Utility Companies 2023 Promote public transportation through incentives – Link it to use powered by renewable energy Public/private partnership established to develop transportation Alternative modes of transportation identified Incentive programs developed FSM TC&I All State T&Is Transportation companies 2023 All Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) projects should meet FSM emissions requirements Emissions assessment incorporated in decision making/review process DECEM FSM R&D Office of the President Congress ODA All State EPAs/KIRMA 2025 7Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 1.2 COMPLEtE tHE PHASE-OUt OF tHE OzONE DEPLEtiNG SUbStANCES (ODS) AND ENFORCE tHE KiGALi AMENDMENt (2016) ON PHASiNG-DOWN OF tHE PRODUCtiON AND CONSUMPtiON OF HYDROFLUOROCARbONS (HFCS) Activity Indicator Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Improve monitoring, data, enforcement, and disposal options on ODS imports Training on monitoring ODS Funding allocated for monitoring and data collection DECEM FSM Department of Finance division of Customs and Tax All State EPAs/KIRMA All State RAC Associations Annually Strengthen support from ODS units at national and state level Develop an MoU between DECEM and EPAs/KIRMA Registration system is established for technicians in all four states. ODS Training will be delivered for technicians and regulators. Hire and train staff DECEM NORMA FSM Department of Finance division of Customs and Tax All State EPAs/KIRMA 2023 Expand legislation and regulation to include HFCs Assess current HFC use Legislation expanded Legislation passed HFC regulations and ban on new HCFC equipment FSM Congress FSM DoJ DECEM 2021 Awareness plans for fishing companies to be compliant with ODS regulations Incorporate into fishing licensing ODS compliance requirements Monitoring at border NORMA FSM Department of Finance Division of Customs and Tax DECEM 2022 Capacity building for ODS in the four states Increase in qualified people to manage ODS work DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA Jez O'Hare 8 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 1.3 EStAbLiSH ENAbLiNG CONDitiONS FOR tHE PROtECtiON AND MANAGEMENt OF tHE PHYSiCAL ENViRONMENt iN ORDER tO MAiNtAiN tHE FLOW OF ECOSYStEM SERViCES Activity Indicator Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Scaling up of adaptation practices Standard for infrastructure established for soft and hard infrastructure developed for FSM DECEM (EIA process) All State EPAs/KIRMA (EIA Process) Regional and Local Conservation NGOs 2022 Monitor and assess climate trends and future climate risk Monitoring program in place in collaboration with regional and international partners Regular climate reports released DECEM FSM Weather Services Quarterly Provide technical support, capacity building and funding for states to implement JSAPs Funding identified Relevant training provided States implementing activities identified in their JSAPs Department of Finance & Administration GCF NDA DECEM ODA GCF State Focal Points Annually Increase public awareness on Climate Change and its impacts Increase in knowledge DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA Regional and Local Conservation NGOs Ongoing Institutional Capacity Development Improve data collection with the use of the INFORM data portal Partnership between science institutions and communities developed DECEM All State INFORM focal points COM-FSM Local Conservation NGOs Strengthen existing development and environment legislation to incorporate climate proofing requirements Climate proofing requirements incorporated into infrastructure development and future development plans CC policy to be developed to address future CC projections DECEM FSM R&D FSM TC&I/PMU FSM Weather Services 2020 Strengthening existing partnership with private sector for climate proofing of development Private sector-led adaptation intervention Increase in investment on CC adaptation projects DECEM National Chamber of Commerce All State Chambers of Commerce 2023 Develop framework for accessing funds by community Increase funds channelled to community projects based on needs DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA MCT GEF SGP 2020 9Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 1.4 DEVELOP EFFECtiVE ADAPtAtiON RESPONSES AND CAPACitY tO PROtECt LiVELiHOODS, NAtURAL RESOURCES, ASSEtS AND VULNERAbLE AREAS FROM tHE iMPACtS OF CLiMAtE CHANGE Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Improved access to climate adaptation finance Scaled-up projects for the FSM to the Adaptation Fund are funded DECEM ODA MCT Development Banks Lending Entities NDA/GCF 2020 Strengthen consultative planning process to include gender and people with special needs. Improved adaptation planning tool developed that integrates inclusion Communities have adaptation plans DECEM FSM Division of Health & Social Affairs Women/Youth All State PAN Offices Local Conservation NGO Partners TNC 2020 Promote and focus adaption actions on the most vulnerable islands Review and update vulnerability assessments Develop prioritized list of most vulnerable sites DECEM FSM R&D Local Conservation NGOs TNC MCT 2020 Provide training on adaptation strategies Identify capacity needs Provide targeted training DECEM FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA Local Conservation NGOs TNC MCT Ongoing Mahkontowe Conservation Area, view from Lelu Harbor. Photo: Ashley Meredith, FSM National Cultural Anthropologist, KiRMA 10 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 2 terreStrial reSourceS Sdg objective 2.1 FOREStS AND MANGROVES ARE PROtECtED AND MANAGED EFFECtiVELY Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Improved land use plans for all four states Incorporate land use into state and community zoning plans and land lease agreements All State Department of Land/ KIRMA Communities and landowners 2021 Develop wildfire management plans Wildfire plans for each state Community or municipal wildfire plans developed Provide training linked to plans for municipalities and communities State DCOs All State Fire departments or equivalent All State Forestry divisions/KIRMA Municipal Governments Community groups 2020 Protect and conserve forest ecosystems by ensuring ecological management practices and sustainable livelihood initiatives are integrated into sustainable harvesting Sustainable harvesting guide is developed Management plans include sustainable harvesting strategies FSM R&D All State Agriculture and Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA 2021 Support research on physical and environmental components of the watershed and their interrelationships with one another Identify opportunities for collaboration with external researchers Identify and allocate funds to support research FSM R&D All State Forestry Divisions/KIRMA Municipal Governments Community groups Local Conservation NGOs Regional Conservation NGOs 2020 Implement forest and mangrove restoration projects Disturbed areas identified Native, endemic and threatened species identified Forest rehabilitation plan developed and implemented At least one restoration project implemented in each state FSM R&D State Agriculture and Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA All State Departments of Lands Community Groups Regional Conservation NGOs COM-FSM 2022 Awareness and education on the importance of mangroves, forests and associated ecosystem services Public awareness materials developed and disseminated Communication strategy developed and implemented Private landowners engaged in watershed management through awareness and capacity building FSM R&D National and State DoE State Agriculture and Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA Women groups Local Conservation NGOs 2020 Improve monitoring and enforcement of Terrestrial and Mangrove Protected Areas Monitoring and enforcement plans developed for PAs Funds allocated Training provided Plans implemented State R&D State NGOs State and Municipal police Municipal Governments Community chiefs 2022 11Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 2.2 iMPROVE MANAGEMENt OF tHE FSM’S iNLAND WAtER RESOURCES Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Conduct assessments of groundwater quality and quantity Identify groundwater sources Prioritize sites for assessments Assessments conducted in all four states including outer islands FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Public Health Divisions All State Utilities/ Water authorities Communities WERI 2021 Develop groundwater conservation plans that include sustainable financing Groundwater management added to existing community / municipal plans or included in new ones Identify sustainable financing opportunities Traditional knowledge and practices are integrated into the management of wells and rivers FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Utilities/ Water authorities WERI Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Watersheds and rivers are incorporated into management plans Develop new plans, or revise existing ones at community, village and municipal level Activities identified in plans implemented Management plans developed Existing management plans reviewed and updated Zoning plans are endorsed FSM R&D All State Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA AG office State legislatures Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Implement a public awareness campaign on important water security and safety Public awareness materials developed and disseminated World Water Day is celebrated nationally Communication strategy developed and implemented FSM R&D FSM Health & Social Affairs All State EPAs/KIRMA All State water authorities WERI Regional and local Conservation NGOs Monthly Completion of Pohnpei watershed demarcation Watersheds are demarcated Financial support in place Community alternate income generation identified State R&D Land Commission Municipal Governments Community chiefs Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2022 12 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 2.3 SUStAiNAbLE AGROFOREStRY/FARMiNG CONtRibUtES tO tHE FOOD SECURitY, HEALtH AND LiVELiHOODS OF tHE PEOPLE OF tHE FSM Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Assessment and control of crop diseases Crop diseases identified Control, management and eradication plans developed Capacity and funding provided FSM R&D COM-FSM CRE All State Agriculture, Forestry and Quarantine/ KIRMA Farmers Associations Women’s group Communities SPC 2020 Incorporate drought and disease resistant crops into agroforestry/ farming activities Assessment and identification of drought/ disease resistant crops completed Planting guidelines developed Use of drought/disease resistant crops adopted COM-FSM CRE FSM R&D All State Agriculture and Forestry/ KIRMA Communities Annually Support Farmers Associations in all four states Farmers Associations are organized and have strategic action plans Funding and technical support provided FSM R&D COM-FSM CRE All State Agriculture and Forestry/ KIRMA Communities 2020 Promotion of Sustainable agriculture and consumption of local products Communication strategy developed and implemented Local fertilizers (e.g. from composting and dry litter piggeries) and traditional pest controls are promoted Innovative technologies for processing and preserving healthy and nutritious food are adopted FSM R&D All State Agriculture and Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA Public Health (NCDs) Island Food Community of People Chuuk Women Council Farmers associations 2020 13Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 3 Marine SDG • Sustainable Development Goals CBD • Convention on Biological Diversit • Aichi Targets objective 3.1 tHE FSM’S OFFSHORE RESOURCES ARE MONitORED, MANAGED AND ENFORCED Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Strengthen monitoring and enforcement to ensure commercial fishing vessels comply with the FSM’s laws and state laws FSM to adopt Port State Measure Act (PSM) FSM implement 100% Tuna Transparency measures Electronic monitoring (EM) program adopted NORMA FSM R & D All State ports All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Fish & Wildlife All State Fisheries Authorities TNC FFA WCPFC PNA 2021 Improve environmental performance of fish aggregating devices (FADs) Program for monitoring, tracking and retrieval of FADs Use of biodegradable FADS, and non-entangling FADS NORMA FSM R&D FAA PNA WCPFC SPC 2020 Close off corridors that were created as a result of the closure of the 12-mile area seaward of the territorial sea (Act 19- 194) Corridors identified and surveyed Legislation developed and passed Develop map NORMA FSM R&D FSM DoJ 2020 14 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 3.2 FSM’S iNSHORE MARiNE ENViRONMENt iS MANAGED tHROUGH A HOLiStiC APPROACH tHAt iNCORPORAtES tHE LAtESt SCiENCE WitH tRADitiONAL KNOWLEDGE Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Support development of well-designed new or expansion of existing marine protected areas to include critical habitats and significant species Assessments of existing MPAs New MPAs designed to achieve fisheries objectives FSM and State R&D DECEM All State Marine Resources/ PAN Offices Municipal Governments Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Develop fisheries management policies Non-spatial/small scale fisheries management regulations passed in all four states FSM R&D All State Marine Resources/ PAN Offices All State fisheries authorities Municipal Governments Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Formalizing fisheries monitoring programs/networks to support adaptive fisheries management Formalized monitoring program established At least one improvement made to management per state FSM R&D State Marine Resources State Fisheries Authorities All State AG offices All State Fish & Wildlife Divisions Municipal government Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs SPC 2021 Support rights-based fisheries management through capacity building, technical support and appropriate legislation where necessary Legislation passed Assessment of management plans conducted to determine capacity needs Training provided FSM R&D State Marine Resources/ PAN Offices Municipal government Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Develop alternative livelihoods to fishing to reduce fishing pressure List of alternative livelihood activities tailored to local conditions Sustainable financing secured for implementing alternative livelihood At least one alternative livelihood project piloted State Fisheries/Marine Resources SPC WCPFC COM-FSM CRE Regional and local Conservation NGOs Local Community Fishers Groups (i.e. Pohnpei MK) 2021 Develop awareness programs on fisheries policies and sustainable fisheries Communications and awareness plan developed Funding secured Awareness program launched FSM R&D All State PAN Offices All State Marine Resources Municipal governments Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Improved compliance, and enforcement of fisheries policies and regulations Assessment of compliance and enforcement needs Enforcement and surveillance programs developed Regulations endorsed Enforcement training provided Funding secured and allocated Effectively implemented Joint enforcement agreement FSM R&D All State PAN Offices All State Marine Resources All State Fisheries Authorities Municipal government Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 15Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 3.3 iCONiC AND tHREAtENED MARiNE SPECiES ARE ASSESSED, MONitORED AND PROtECtED Activity Indicator Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Develop monitoring program for species of interest Increased resources allocated to research Document iconic and threatened marine species Prioritize species Development program for prioritized species FSM R&D NORMA All State Marine Resources Regional and local Conservation NGOs SPC UOG 2021 Provide training and tools for observers on pelagic fishing vessels to correctly identify pelagic by-catch Training provided Sightings reported NORMA FSM R&D SPC FFA WCPFC 2021 Identify a direct reporting agency (locals do not know who to contact) to report and document encounters. Reporting agency established or identified Reporting protocol established Awareness and incentive campaign on reporting protocol targeting fishermen All State Marine Resources All State Fisheries Authorities Local Conservation NGOs Fishing Clubs 2020 Pohnpei, FSM. 16 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 4 conServation oF biodiverSity Sdg CBD • Convention on Biological Diversity • Aichi Targets objective 4.1 A FULL REPRESENtAtiON OF tHE FSM’S MARiNE, FRESHWAtER AND tERREStRiAL ECOSYStEMS ARE PROtECtED, CONSERVED AND SUStAiNAbLY MANAGED, iNCLUDiNG SELECtED AREAS DESiGNAtED FOR tOtAL PROtECtiON Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Undertake regular comprehensive biological resource surveys of the nation’s terrestrial, marine and freshwater biodiversity Funding allocated Update existing surveys (Blueprint report) Integrated monitoring program developed Database developed and maintained FSM R&D DECEM All State R&Ds All State EPAs/KIRMA SPC Bi-annually Undertake regular gap analysis of protected areas to support the expansion of the Protected Area Network Gap analysis conducted Report developed FSM R&D TNC MCT All State Marine Resources Local NGOs/CBOs 2020 Incorporate large conservation areas to include more than one ecosystem and integrate a ridge-to-reef approach that combines terrestrial and marine ecosystems Multiple habitat protected areas added New and existing sites recognized under the state protected area network FSM/State R&D DECEM Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2022 Ensure all new and existing protected areas have up to date management plans Management plans developed or updated FSM R&D All State PAN offices Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2020 Develop and support monitoring and enforcement programs for all protected areas Monitoring protocols developed Increased funding for enforcement Training held for enforcement agencies Agreements between state, local governments, and communities developed for enforcement FSM/State R&D DECEM FSM Justice All State Public Safety Municipal Governments Traditional leaders Community organization Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2022 PA Managers have capacity and funds to manage protected areas Protected areas are recognized through the national and state PAN Frameworks Needs assessments Training provided FSM R&Ds All State R&Ds/KIRMA All State PAN offices Municipal Governments Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2020 17Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 4.2 tHE FSM’S NAtiVE, ENDEMiC, AND tRADitiONALLY iMPORtANt SPECiES ARE PROtECtED AND USED SUStAiNAbLY, AND itS tHREAtENED SPECiES PROtECtED, FOR tHE bENEFit OF tHE PEOPLE OF tHE FSM AND tHE GLObAL COMMUNitY Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Undertake research for the identification, documentation and monitoring of native, endemic and threatened species Up-to-date population numbers for endemic, threatened and important species (i.e. – bird surveys) Regularly updated monitoring and assessment data Identify critical species in each state FSM R&D All State R&Ds/KIRMA Communities Regional and International NGOs 2021 Develop and implement programs for the conservation and protection of native, endemic and threatened species and varieties Species specific management plans identified Develop at least one program per state Improvement of knowledge on local plants FSM R&D All State R&Ds/KRIMA Local Conservation NGOs 2022 Engage communities, national and state DoE and the private sector to promote awareness and cooperation in the protection of species and habitats Communication strategy developed and implemented Public awareness materials developed and disseminated School curriculums updated to include this information FSM R&Ds All State R&Ds/KIRMA FSM and State Tourism National and State DoE and tertiary institutes IUCN CROP Municipal Governments Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 objective 4.3 bORDER CONtROL, qUARANtiNE AND ERADiCAtiON PROGRAMS ARE EFFECtiVELY PROtECtiNG tHE FSM’S ENViRONMENt FROM tHE iMPACtS OF ALiEN iNVASiVE SPECiES Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Improve and strengthen appropriate national, state and municipal policies and legislation to ensure the effective management of biosecurity Regulations developed to implement 2017 Biosecurity law Action plans are developed and implemented in all states FSM/All State R&Ds All State EPAs/KIRMA National and state AGs State invasive species task forces 2020 Strengthen facilities and provide informed and trained personnel for border control and quarantine services Training provided Facilities improved at airport and seaports in all four states More intensive surveillance and monitoring protocols Legal framework in place Funding support secured FSM/State R&D FSM TC&I All State Public Health Divisions All State Ports State Public safety All State EPAs/KIRMA Shipping agencies Airlines 2022 Support implementation of invasive species task forces for each state through training and funding Funding allocated Training provided Task force formalized in all four states FSM/State R&D State invasive species task forces All State EPAs/KIRMA SPC Local Conservation NGOs 2021 Control and eradication of alien and invasive species Reduction of alien and invasive species FSM/All State R&Ds All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Agriculture Divisions/KIRMA Local Conservation NGOs Invasive species task forces Communities Ongoing Replant native trees Increase in numbers of native trees and good data available FSM/All State R&Ds All State EPAs/KIRMA IAS Groups and community Local Conservation NGOs 18 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 5 built environMent Sdg 19Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 5.1 ALL HUMAN-GENERAtED WAStES ARE EFFECtiVELY MANAGED tO PREVENt OR MiNiMizE ENViRONMENtAL DEGRADAtiON Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Address outer-island waste disposal Resources allocated Green alternatives investigated and waste minimization promoted Plan and design developed Appropriate infrastructure identified DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA Municipal Governments Communities Local NGOs JICA SPREP 2021 All states to strengthen recycling programs Establish a CDL recycling program in all states Revise and expand (if necessary) existing recycling programs Revise and amend recycling law to include identification of the buyers FSM Finance division of customs and tax State Finance division of customs and tax All State EPAs/KIRMA Private sector 2021 Improve sewer infrastructure in urban areas Resources allocated Green alternatives investigated Pass and enforce appropriate wastewater standards/quality regulations Plan and design developed Infrastructure improved At State EPAs/KIRMA All State Utilities Municipal Governments 2020 Ban/reduce importation of single use packaging products/ materials Identify major pollutants and materials, and difficult to dispose type waste Develop legislation with associated import fee to reduce and/or ban importation of materials Strengthen enforcement of plastic bag law where needed FSM DoJ / All State AGs FSM/All State Finances All State Chambers of Commerce All State EPAs/KIRMA 2022 Promote biodegradable materials Research biodegradable options e.g. markets, products etc. and investigate local opportunities for biodegradable produce and materials Develop awareness campaign and materials DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA Chambers of Commerce Communities COM-FSM CRE Local NGOs SPREP 2020 Establish sound management and safe disposal of hazardous waste/materials Establish legal/institutional framework Assess deposit levy on hazardous waste/ materials identified Safe handling/storage facilities established Off-island disposal programs are in place DECEM FSM Finance division of custom and tax All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Finances FSM/All State Health Services 2022 Sustainable financing implemented to support an integrated solid waste management program Economic mechanisms to tax importations set up Improve solid waste management/local government to enforce collection/pickup DECEM FSM Finance division of customs and tax All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Finances All State Public Works/Infrastructure Departments Chambers of Commerce 2022 Develop a scholarship program on renewable and energy efficiency Increase the number of qualified personnel on renewable energy and energy efficiency Strengthened energy development projects and plans FSM R&D FSM/ All State Education Departments All State Public Utilities 2020 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–202320 objective 5.2 PROViDE EFFiCiENt, SUStAiNAbLE AND ACCESSibLE ENERGY Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Implement the FSM Energy Masterplan Allocate financial resources for the FSM Energy Masterplan Identify possible renewable energy resources Promote renewable energy resources and provide incentives for their use Increase the input of renewable energy into main grid State Public Utilities FSM R&D FSM TC&I All State T&Is 2020 Support widespread use of matured technologies and efficient end-use products Reduction in waste produced from unused batteries Reduction in fuel purchase for energy production Improve road infrastructure and develop green/eco village infrastructure Bike lanes and sidewalks plan developed FSM TC&I All State T&Is All State PW&T/ PTA 2025 objective 5.3 EVERYONE HAS EqUAL ACCESS tO SAFE, ACCEPtAbLE, PHYSiCALLY ACCESSibLE AND AFFORDAbLE WAtER FOR PERSONAL AND DOMEStiC USE. Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Develop water testing program for outer islands Water monitoring protocol developed Training and equipment provided Baseline data collected DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA Municipal Governments Communities 2021 Expand water monitoring program on main islands Water monitoring protocol developed Training and equipment provided Baseline data collected DECEM All state EPAs/KIRMA All State Water Authorities Municipal Governments Communities 2021 Water management plans developed for municipalities and communities Assessment of water sources completed Water system management plan developed to maintain water sources and build the capacity to carry out maintenance Appropriate water infrastructure provided FSM R&D DECEM FSM TC&I All State Public Utilities All State EPAs/KIRMA 2023 Proactive interventions such as communication education and hygiene programs Awareness campaign developed to highlight water system maintenance and hygiene Awareness campaign implemented FSM/All State Departments of Education FSM/ All State Departments of Health All State EPAs/KIRMA JICA Annually Development of water policy in all states Consultations workshop held Water policy created FSM R&D DECEM All State EPAs/KIRMA All State R&Ds All State Health Services Municipal Governments 2022 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 21 objective 5.3 ALL ECONOMiC AND SOCiAL ACtiVitiES OF tHE FSM tAKE FULL ACCOUNt OF iMPACtS ON SUStAiNAbiLitY OF biODiVERSitY Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline All developed projects need to be aligned with the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) SEA completed and endorsed for each state All projects align with recommendations from SEA DECEM FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA All State R&Ds Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2030 Ensure that EIAs are conducted for all development projects Strengthening regulations for compliance Review EIA process EIA process improved Awareness raising on EIA process All State EPAs/KIRMA All State Departments of Marine resources All State Departments of Land All State Forestry Divisions/KIRMA All State Historic Preservation Offices All State R&Ds Municipal Governments Local Communities Local Conservation NGOs (awareness) 2020 Wharf area of Chuuk as one of the latest development project. Photo by Greg barbara. 22 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 6 culture and heritage Sdg 23Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 6.1 tRADitiONAL KNOWLEDGE MAiNStREAMED AND iNtEGRAtED iNtO tHE MANAGEMENt OF tHE FSM’S biODiVERSitY AND ECOSYStEMS. Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Develop an engagement guideline with private landowners on identification of designated historical sites Guidelines endorsed and implemented Clear balance between economic interest and conservation Increase transparency and partnership between states, and national, local, and traditional leaders FSM R&D All State Tourism Offices National and All State HPOs All State Forestry Divisions/ KIRMA Municipal Governments 2021 Develop and maintain a registry to document, preserve, sustain, and enhance all traditional knowledge, practices and innovations including intangible cultural heritage (ICH) important for the conservation of biodiversity List of traditional practices documented Traditional knowledge and practices and their impacts on biodiversity are included in the school curriculum National and All State HPOs FSM and All State DOEs Municipal Governments Traditional leaders Communities Local and Regional NGOs 2021 Develop suitable national and state legislation to protect traditional knowledge, practices and innovation and provide a mechanism for benefit sharing to appropriate knowledge holders Legislation developed and passed e.g. ABS/Nagoya Protocol National and All State HPOs FSM DoJ All State AGs Municipal Government Traditional leaders Communities Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 Develop and implement programs that integrate traditional knowledge, practices and innovation with modern scientific technology and methodologies to promote conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity • Management plans developed that include traditional knowledge • Guidelines developed on how to integrate the two • Training provided for practitioners • Funding allocated DECEM FSM R&D National and All State HPOs All State R&Ds/KIRMA COM-FSM CRE Communities Local Government Traditional Leaders Regional and Local NGOs 2021 Strengthen and improvement of existing policy to protect historical sites Better management of historical sites DECEM FSM R&D All State R&Ds/KIRMA National and All State HPOs COM-FSM CRE Local Government Communities Local NGOs 2021 Development and strengthening of sustainable financing mechanism to maintain and manage historical sites Revolving fund established to maintain sites. Sustainability of operation is maintained DECEM FSM R&D All State R&Ds/KIRMA National and State HPOs COM-FSM CRE Communities Local Government Regional and local Conservation NGOs 24 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 6.2 PRESERVAtiON AND tHE CONSERVAtiON OF CULtURAL, HiStORiCAL, RELiGiOUS AND tOURiStiC SitES Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Update and maintain registry of all sites Sites identified Sites prioritized National and state databases established National and All State HPOs National/state tourism offices Municipal Governments Local Communities 2021 Critical sites are managed and protected Management plans developed for prioritized sites Sustainable Funding Mechanism established for site management Training provide to management units National HPO and State HPOs Local Communities Regional and local NGOs 2022 Increase awareness and education of importance of historical and traditional sites Communications and awareness plan developed School curriculum develop State awareness campaigns launched National HPO and State HPOs FSM and All State DOEs Local NGOs 2022 Research on Traditional Knowledge on preservation and interacting with ecosystems Policy on traditional knowledge best practice implemented National HPO and State HPOs FSM and All State DOEs EPA/KIRMA Local NGOs Build capacity at the community level on preservation of culture and environment Community become good stewards of the environment National HPO and State HPOs All State DOEs All State EPAs/KIRMA Local NGOs Ongoing Policy and regulation developed Establishment of the ABS governance systems Traditional knowledge is strengthened in the EIA and SEA process National HPO and All State HPOs All State EPAs/KIRMA Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2021 the Pohnpei Nan Madol. 25Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 theMe 7 envIronmental governance maInStreamIng and capacIty development SDG • Sustainable Development Goals CBD • Convention on Biological Diversity • Aichi Targets objective 7.1 APPROPRiAtE NAtiONAL, StAtE AND MUNiCiPAL LEGiSLAtiON iS DEVELOPED AND EFFECtiVELY ENFORCED tO SUStAiNAbLY MANAGE tHE FSM’S ENViRONMENt Activity Milestones Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Review and strengthen existing national, state and municipal government environmental legislation and acts to incorporate relevant actions from the NBSAP/NEMS and ensure integration of all themes across all relevant sectors within the nation Conduct review of existing legislation Environment and related legislation are updated or amended Appropriate regulations are in place Monitoring tools in place Alignment of existing national and state environment development guideline to donor agency development guidelines DECEM FSM/All State R&Ds DoJ/All State AGs All State EPAs/KIRMA 2021 Review bi-annually, the FSM participation in international treaties relating to the environment to which the nation is a party on behalf of the states FSM participation in treaties DECEM FSM/ All State R&Ds NORMA FSM DoJ FSM Department of Foreign Affairs annually Support and further develop national, state and municipal capabilities for the enforcement of all environmental legislation Increased capacity and funding for enforcement of appropriate regulations DECEM FSM R&D FSM Department of Justice All State EPAs/KIRMA All State AGs 26 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 7.2 StRENGtHEN AND DEVELOP MULti-SECtORAL COLLAbORAtiON iN PROMOtiNG CONSERVAtiON, PRESERVAtiON, AND SUStAiNAbLE USE OF tHE FSM’S NAtURAL RESOURCES Activity Indicator Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Enhance and strengthen the linkages between national, state and municipal government agencies, NGOs, CBOs, and private sector, including strengthening the links between foreign investment boards and the state chambers of commerce, to provide information on the conservation and management of the FSM Environment NEMS and NBSAP monitored and updated Investor friendly environment established within the FSM DECEM FSM R&D FSM Chamber of Commerce All state EPAs/KIRMA Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2020 Enhance the collaboration and assistance from regional and international agencies to assist the nation’s stakeholders Identify regional and international agencies DECEM FSM R&D FSM Department of Foreign Affairs CROP Agencies Regional NGOs 2020 Strengthen national and state linkages with regional and international environmental conventions that the FSM is a party to on behalf of the states Compile conventions that FSM is party to on behalf of the states Develop awareness materials for state offices Provide updates and reports to state offices DECEM FSM R&D FSM Department of Foreign Affairs Regional Conservation NGOs SPREP 2020 objective 7.3 ALL CitizENS, RESiDENtS AND iNStitUtiONS OF tHE NAtiON ARE AWARE OF tHE iMPORtANCE OF tHE FSM’S ENViRONMENt AND HAVE tHE tECHNiCAL KNOWLEDGE, SKiLLS AND CAPAbiLitY tO CONSERVE, PRESERVE AND SUStAiNAbLY USE, MANAGE AND DEVELOP tHE ENViRONMENt. Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Increase coordination and networking between relevant national and state agencies to better use information on the FSM’s biodiversity for use and integration into school and college curricula, youth and development programs Conservation and preservation of biodiversity incorporated into school curricular and youth development programs Better data management of biodiversity conservation using existing tools such INFORM portal DECEM FSM R&D FSM DOE Local NGOs MCT 2021 Hold learning exchanges between islands, municipalities and conservation sites to exchange knowledge and ideas related to biodiversity conservation practices Capacity needs assessments conducted Learning exchanges planned Learning exchanges implemented FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA Regional and local Conservation NGOs 2020 Existing clearing house mechanisms for disseminating and sharing information on environmental activities to be used at national and state levels Mechanism identified Mechanism in place and used Funding allocated DECEM FSM R&D All State EPAs/KIRMA SPREP SPC 2019 27Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 objective 7.4 LOCAL, REGiONAL AND iNtERNAtiONAL FiNANCiAL SOURCES PROViDE FOR tHE LONG-tERM FiNANCiAL SUStAiNAbiLitY OF ALL CONSERVAtiON AND biODiVERSitY-RELAtED ACtiVitiES Activity Milestone Key Implementing Agencies and Partners Timeline Develop short- and long-term sustainable finance plans and mechanisms for national and state level Sustainable finance mechanisms identified Sustainable financing plans implemented FSM R&D MCT TNC Local NGOs 2020 Determine support needed to implement and monitor progress of the NEMS NEMS endorsed Monitoring program developed Budget developed Funds allocated Monitoring program implemented DECEM SPREP TNC 2019 Formally establish and support the Micronesia Challenge Endowment Fund Increase in endowment funds Projects funded by endowment FSM R&D MCT 2020 Participants to the EiA Capacity building training program in Kosrae. Photo by Greg barbara. 28 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 4. iMpleMentation and Monitoring FraMeWork The Implementation and Monitoring Framework is a key component of any management strategy or action plan. It is important to note that the NEMS should be viewed as a living document that will need to be reviewed and amended as new information, knowledge, strategic focus and directions come to the fore. The implementation relies on a collective commitment and partnership from all government agencies, the private sector, civil society, traditional leaders and the public. The role of the DECEM is critical in coordinating and providing the necessary support to the implementing partners to ensure that the NEMS actions are pursued, documented and disseminated. The monitoring of the NEMS is crucial to guide actions and to ensure that each thematic area is being pursued with urgency. The review of NEMS should be conducted in alignment with the review of the FSM’s SoE. This should be done on a regular basis, including a mid-term review, and a more comprehensive review within five years from the date of endorsement. The strategic themes of the NEMS are purposely developed and prioritized to align with the many international MEAs and other regional environmental strategies, including the SDG, SAMOA Pathway, CBD Aichi Targets, and Regional Framework for the Conservation and Protected Areas. The themes also align with existing priorities of government departments, as well as the interests of civil society and private sector. A number of existing government plans will assist with the implementation and monitoring of the NEMS. This includes the Strategic Development Plan, and the FSM National and State Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans 2018. View of the Okat valley (foreground) and the innem valley (background). Photo: Nick Hall 29Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 5. concluding reMarkS Coordination and collaboration of all national, state and municipal government agencies, non-governmental actors and external partners will be critical to the successful implementation of the FSM NEMS. The DECEM is the key coordination unit that will oversee the development, implementation and the monitoring of the NEMS. It is important to be realistic on what is achievable given the limited resources, especially human resources. The role of external and development partners cannot be understated but, equally important, any assistance must be guided by the principles and values as outlined in the NEMS. The FSM faces many urgent issues, including unsustainable development, overharvesting of marine and terrestrial resources and climate change. These issues are addressed in the NEMS through strategic actions. These challenges are ongoing, and some will get worse over time, especially if no action is taken. Monitoring and evaluating progress is a crucial part of adaptive management and will ensure that these activities remain the best option. 30 Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 6. acknoWledgMentS The FSM NEMS was developed by The Nature Conservancy’s (TNC) Micronesia Program with support from the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) and FSM Department of Environment, Climate Change & Emergency Management (DECEM). Objectives and activities were developed based on recommendations provided by national, state and municipal government staff, regional scientists and NGOs during the development of the FSM State of the Environment report. 7. acronyMS AF Adaptation Fund CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CFC Chlorofluorocarbon Ch4 Methane CO2 Carbon dioxide CCS Chuuk Conservation Society CSP Conservation Society of Pohnpei DECEm Department of Environment Climate change and Emergency Management DmR Department of Marine Resources DRm Disaster Risk Management EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EbA Ecosystem-based Adaption EPA Environmental Protection Agency FFA Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency FSm Federated States of Micronesia GCF Green Climate Fund GhG Greenhouse Gases hCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbons hFC Hydrofluorocarbons JSAP Joint Strategic Action Plan KCSO Kosrae Conservation and Safety Organization KIRmA Kosrae Island Resource Management Authority mCT Micronesia Conservation Trust mEA Multilateral Environment Agreement mPA Marine Protected Area NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan NEmS National Environmental Management Strategy NGO Non-Governmental Organization Nh4 Ammonium N20 Nitrous Oxide NO3 Nitrate NORmA National Oceanic Resource Management Authority ODS Ozone-depleting Substances PNA Parties to the Nauru Agreement R&D Department of Resources and Development SAmOA Pathway SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action SDG Sustainable Development Goal SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SoE State of Environment SOPAC Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission SPC Secretariat of the Pacific Community SPREP Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme TNC The Nature Conservancy UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 31Federated StateS oF MicroneSia national environMent ManageMent Strategy 2019–2023 ANNEX. A list of iNtErNAtioNAl ENviroNmENt trEAtiEs to which thE fsm is A sigNAtory Environment Treaties in FSM Signed (S) Ratified (R) Accession (A) Follow on Treaties National Activities Convention on Biological Diversity S - 6/12/1992 R - 6/20/1994 ABS Protocol S- 1/11/2012 R- 1/30/2013 R&D UN Framework Convention on Climate Change S - 6/12/1992 R - 11/18/1993 Kyoto Protocol S -3/17/1998 R -6/21/1999 Paris Agreement S -4/22/2015 R -9/15/2016 DECEM Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer A- 8/3/1994 Montreal Protocol A-9/6/1995 Kigali Ammendment R- 05/17/2017 DECEM Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal A- 9/6/1995 DECEM UN Convention to Combat Deserification in those countires Experiencing Drought and/or Desertification. Particularly Africa S- 12/12/1994 R- 3/25/1996 DECEM UN Convention on the Law of the Sea A- 4/29/1991 Agreement relating to implementation of Part XI of UNLCOS of Dec 10, 1982 - Ratified 9/6/95 Agreement Implementing Provisions of December 10, 1982 on Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks - Ratified 5/23/1997 NORMA & DOJ Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants S- 7/31/2001 R- 7/15/2005 DECEM Jez O'Hare