Sudan [concession company (70/30)] → Singapore (refine) → United Arab Emirates · Reconcile assays and pay the balance

حيث تبدأ البضاعة

Doré bar - unstamped → Doré bar - stamped/exporter-sealed

• Royalty (al-'awa'id al-jalila) on traditional (artisanal) gold mining

  10% of the product (in gold or cash); alternatively 20% of the ore produced Traditional (artisanal) gold mining under a traditional mining contract

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Traditional Gold Mining Regulation 2016, art.8; Schedule (art.20)

• Corporation tax on gold companies

  18% (reduced from 28%, 2024); USGS 2019 reported 15%

  مصدر ثانويالمبلغ غير مؤكد

• Royalty on gold (concession companies)

  5-7% of mineral value (2019 policy)

  مصدر ثانويالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Regulation on the Exploitation of Minerals 2016, arts.13(6), 15

• Community (social) responsibility contribution on gold producers

  4% in kind of tailings companies' gold output; 1% in cash of concession companies' gold production value (based on the previous year's output)

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • MoF Decision No. 90 of 2021, ثالثاً

• Fee for transferring artisanal gold from mining areas to city markets

  Waived (2024)

  مصدر ثانوي

• Licence and contract fees

  MMDA Schedule (SDG): mining contract application 3,000, issue 15,000, transfer/assignment 50,000; small mining contract 3,000 / 10,000 / 50,000; traditional mining contract application 3,000, issue 7,000, regularisation 40,000, new contract 15,000; certificates 100 (samples up to 20 kg), 500 (ore export), 200 (other). Traditional Gold Mining Regulation Schedule (SDG): traditional mining licence 3,000; contract fee 7,000 (well), 50,000 / 150,000 / 250,000 (small / medium / large pit); sieve licences 10,000 / 50,000 / 100,000; miner card 100. Exploitation Regulation 2016 (EUR): ore export certificate 500; sample export 100 per 20 kg; tailings-processing contract signing bonus and renewal SDG 5,000,000 each.

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • MMDA 2015, s.20(1); Schedule

• Implicit levy: CBOS indicative price set USD 10/oz below the international price

  USD 10 per troy ounce

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • CBOS Circular 13/2026, items 1-3

• State share in concessions

  30% of concessions (reported); plus a reported '40% tax on any gold sold' (unexplained)

  مصدر ثانويالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • MMDA 2015 s.27أ (2023); Circular 2/2025 ثالثاً

• Dealers in metals or precious stones are "non-financial institutions" under the AML/CFT Act 2014 when they conclude cash transactions above a threshold the Minister sets by decision (s.3): customer due diligence (s.5), record keeping and suspicious-transaction reports to the Financial Information Un…

  Cash transactions above the Minister's threshold (not found)

  نص القانون

  • Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Act 2014, s.3, s.5, s.6

• EU ban on selling, supplying, transferring or exporting mercury (CN 2805 40) and sodium cyanides (CN 2837 11) to Sudan, with related services; humanitarian exceptions; sodium cyanide contracts concluded before 15 Jul 2026 may be executed until 16 Jan 2027.

  نص القانون

  • Council Regulation (EU) 2026/1724, art.1b

• Banks may not finance the purchase of gold and its tailings (CBOS 2026 policies, list of prohibited financing, item vii "شراء الذهب ومخلفاته"). Gold buyers and exporters must use own funds or foreign advance payments.

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS monetary and financial policies for 2026

• Sudan is an active conflict zone with both SAF and RSF financing themselves from gold; downstream refiners following OECD/LBMA due diligence must treat all Sudanese gold as high-risk, including gold from state-owned producers now under UK sanctions. Sudan itself has no conflict-minerals law found.

  مصدر ثانوي

• 2014 version: banks may not complete gold export banking procedures for any company exporting gold, including mining and tailings companies, without CBOS prior written approval (Circular 11/2014). Superseded in substance by the 2025-2026 approval rules (sd.ctl-export-approvals-2025).

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 11/2014

• 14 Sep - 5 Nov 2025 (Circular 14/2025): purchase of free (artisanal) and tailings gold inside Sudan reserved to CBOS or its delegate; export reserved to CBOS alone and banned for any natural or legal person; purchases executed by Sudan Gold Refinery. Concession and small-mining companies stayed unde…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 14/2025, ثانياً 1-4

• Concession companies may export 70% of the output remaining after in-kind deduction of the government's zakat, royalty and profit shares, and must sell the other 30% to CBOS or its delegate whether or not they export; small-mining companies likewise (Circular 2/2025 ثالثاً). Earlier versions: …

  30% of net output (after in-kind government shares)

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • CBOS Circular 2/2025, ثالثاً-1(ب), ثالثاً-2(د)

• Every person entering or leaving Sudan must declare to customs the currency and bearer negotiable instruments carried, at amounts set by regulations (AML/CFT Act 2014 s.31(1)); customs may seize them on suspicion or false declaration (s.32); breach of s.31 is punished by a fine equal to twice the am…

  نص القانون

  • Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Act 2014, s.31, s.32, s.38(4)

• EU ban on purchasing, importing or transferring, directly or indirectly, gold (CN 7108, 7112 91, ex 7118 90) that originates in Sudan and was exported from Sudan into the EU or any third country after 15 July 2026, and on related technical assistance, brokering, financing and financial assistance. E…

  نص القانون

  • Council Regulation (EU) 2026/1724, art.1a

• Approvals banks must see before completing a gold export: concession and small-mining gold - CBOS written approval, an SSMO certificate and a Ministry of Minerals export-approval certificate (Circular 2/2025 ثانياً); tailings gold - CBOS written approval (17/2025 ثالثاً-5; restated by 18…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circulars 2/2025 and 17/2025

• Free and tailings gold may be exported by any legal person (شخص اعتباري) after all export procedures (Circular 17/2025 ثالثاً-1); exports by government bodies and by foreigners, individuals or companies, are banned except concession companies in gold mining (خامساً-4). Individu…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 17/2025, ثالثاً-1; خامساً-4

• No export, including export for manufacture and return, of precious metals or gemstones as bars or jewellery without hallmarking by SSMO's Hallmarking and Precious Metals Control Department as regulations provide; imports need the Department's approval, assay and hallmark unless a mutual-recognition…

  نص القانون

  • Precious Metals and Gemstones Act 2008, s.20; s.7

• 2014 directions: raw gold exports prohibited and company exports refined at the Khartoum refinery (historical). Current texts: CBOS purchases are executed by Sudan Gold Refinery with fineness set by SSMO (Circular 2/2025 رابعاً; 14/2025 ثانياً-4); exporters must comply with Sudan Gold Re…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 17/2025, خامساً-1

• Minimum gold export contract 10 kg "or as MoIT decides" (Circular 17/2025 خامساً-2, from 5 Nov 2025); replaced on 13 May 2026 by a 1 kg minimum for free-gold export contracts (Circular 11/2026 item 3).

  1 kg per free-gold contract since 13 May 2026 (10 kg, 5 Nov 2025 - 12 May 2026)

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • CBOS Circular 11/2026, item 3

• Payment by advance payment or by confirmed sight documentary credit whose terms contain no condition on the goods such as overseas assay ("calibration"); L/C proceeds on acceptance of documents and at most 30 days from shipment (Circular 17/2025 ثالثاً-2; same for small-mining companies under …

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 17/2025, ثالثاً-2

• CBOS prices gold for export daily at the international 24-carat price less USD 10 per ounce, in USD per gram, announced on the XAR system to MoIT and the unified gold export window; exporters are settled at this price and no shipment passes if the proceeds fall below the value at the announced price…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 13/2026, items 1-3

• L/C proceeds within 30 days of shipment (17/2025 ثالثاً-2). Proceeds are credited to a "gold export account" in the exporter's name and may stay there at most 21 working days, after which the bank buys them for CBOS at its announced rate (ثالثاً-3). Free-gold proceeds may be used for the…

  30 days from shipment; 21 working days in the gold export account; 21 working days in the import account

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • CBOS Circulars 17/2025, 11/2026 and 12/2026, 17/2025 ثالثاً-2, ثالثاً-3

• Offences (MMDA s.32(1)): exploring without a licence - up to 2 years (أ); extracting without a mining contract - up to 3 years (ب); withholding production data - up to 5 years (ج); false information - fine of at least SDG 100,000 (د); transporting, exporting, storing, possessing or dealing in mi…

  نص القانون

  • MMDA 2015, s.32(1), s.32(2), s.33

• 13 May - 21 Sep 2026: CBOS bought 100% of tailings (mining-waste) companies' gold at its announced price after in-kind deduction of profits and royalties from total production (Circular 11/2026 item 2). Cancelled and replaced on 21 Sep 2026 by Circular 18/2026 (see sd.ctl-tailings-sale-2026-09).

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 11/2026, item 2

• Since 21 Sep 2026 (replacing sd.ctl-tailings-100pct): tailings companies may sell all their gold to CBOS, its delegate or exporters; tailings gold may be exported by advance payment (priced daily by CBOS) or confirmed sight L/C with proceeds within 30 days of shipment; proceeds held in a gold export…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • CBOS Circular 18/2026, items 1-6

• The UAE, which took about 88-95% of Sudan's official gold exports, suspended trade with Sudan in August 2025, forcing a search for other buyers (Qatar refinery agreement, Egypt, Turkey, India, Hong Kong).

  مصدر ثانوي

• UK asset freezes (16 Jul 2026) on three Sudanese state-owned mining companies - Omdurman Mining and Ariab Mining Company (suspected of generating gold revenue for the SAF) and Sudamin Company Ltd (suspected of channelling conflict-gold revenue to both SAF and RSF, incl. past links to Al Junaid) - pl…

  إرشاد رسمي

  • The Sudan (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020

• Transporting, exporting, storing, possessing or dealing in minerals or tailings whose source of production one does not own, without a licence or Ministry permission, is an offence (MMDA s.32(1)(هـ), added 2019; up to five years). Press reported that the Aug 2025 measures made holding undocumented…

  نص القانون

  • MMDA 2015, s.32(1)(هـ)

• US designations under EO 14098: Al Junaid Multi Activities Co (RSF-controlled; gold mining and export since the 2017 takeover of Jebel Amer) on 1 Jun 2023; on 7 Jan 2025 RSF leader Hemedti and UAE companies incl. Al Zumoroud and Al Yaqoot Gold & Jewellers (bought Sudanese gold for the RSF and moved …

  إرشاد رسمي

  • Executive Order 14098

في الطريق

Doré bar - stamped/exporter-sealed → 999.9 kilobar

• Customs duty on gold

  None All gold (HS 7108 etc.); only liquor, tobacco, motor vehicles and petroleum products are dutiable

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

• Import GST suspension under ARCS

  Suspended Materials imported by Approved Refiners/Consolidators for refining into IPM; supplies between ARCS persons (except refining services)

  نص القانون

  • GST (General) Regulations, reg 46A(8), (12)

• GST on exports of gold

  0% (zero-rated) Export of IPM and non-IPM gold with export documentation

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • GST Act 1993, s.21(1)-(2)

• Import GST - IPM exemption

  Exempt Gold bars, ingots, wafers of 99.5%+ from current/former LBMA GD refiners (or ESG-endorsed), with hallmark; prescribed coins; not decorative/collector bars

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • GST Act 1993, s.8(4), s.22(1A); Fourth Schedule Part 2 paras 1(a), 1A; Part 3 para 2

• GST on non-IPM gold

  9% Import and supply of doré, scrap, jewellery, non-qualifying bars (e.g. from non-LBMA refiners, decorative)

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • GST Act 1993, s.16(cb)

• GST on non-IPM gold (2023 rate)

  8% Import and supply of doré, scrap, jewellery, non-qualifying bars

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • GST Act 1993, s.16(ca)

• GST on refining services

  9% local; zero-rated to overseas customers Refining/toll-refining fees

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

• GST on local supply of IPM

  Exempt Sale of qualifying IPM in Singapore

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • GST Act 1993, s.22(1); Fourth Schedule Part 1 para 1A

• Regulated dealer registration fees

  S$120 application fee (not on renewal since 10 Apr 2021); S$250 (Class A) or S$350 (Class B) per year per place of business

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • PMLTFPF Regulations 2019, regs 17-18

• Cash transaction report on Form NP 784 to a Suspicious Transaction Reporting Officer for every designated transaction, not later than 15 business days after the date the transaction is entered into; a copy goes to the Registrar at the time of submission or immediately after (e-filing through SONAR f…

  Cash or cash equivalent exceeding S$20,000 (payments in gold other than jewellery, or in digital payment tokens, are prescribed circumstances for CDD, not designated transactions, and need no CTR)

  نص القانون

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.17(1)

    “A regulated dealer who enters into any designated transaction must submit to a Suspicious Transaction Reporting Officer, within the prescribed time, a cash transaction report relating to that transaction in the prescribed form and manner.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.17(1A)

    “A regulated dealer must not, without reasonable excuse, submit a cash transaction report under subsection (1) that is incomplete or inaccurate.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.17(2)

    “A regulated dealer must keep a copy of each cash transaction report submitted under subsection (1) for the prescribed period.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.17(3)

    “A regulated dealer must, at the time of submitting a cash transaction report under subsection (1) or immediately thereafter, submit a copy of the cash transaction report to the Registrar.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.17(4)

    “A regulated dealer who fails to comply with subsection (1), (1A), (2) or (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.15 "designated transaction" (a)

    “a sale of any precious stone, precious metal, precious product or asset-backed token by a regulated dealer to a customer, for which cash or a cash equivalent exceeding the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.15 "threshold amount"

    “"threshold amount" means $20,000 or its equivalent in value, or an amount prescribed in substitution.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PMLTFPF Regulations reg 4A(1)(a): gold payment is a prescribed circumstance for CDD (s.16(1)(d)), not a designated transaction

    “for which gold (except in the form of jewellery) the value of which exceeds the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 4A(1)(c)

    “for which digital payment tokens the value of which exceeds the threshold amount are received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PMLTFPF Regulations reg 12(1)(a)

    “the prescribed form for a cash transaction report is Form NP 784 as set out at the website at https://www.police.gov.sg; and”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 12(1)(b)

    “the prescribed time for the submission of a cash transaction report is not later than 15 business days after the date on which the designated transaction is entered into.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 12(2)

    “For the purposes of section 17(2) of the Act, the period for which a copy of a cash transaction report must be kept is 5 years after the date of submission of the cash transaction report.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), STRO Cash Transaction Reporting page

    “When you e-file through SONAR, your CTR will automatically be forwarded to ACD on your behalf.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), ACD Compliance Toolkit, footnote 6 (conflicting definition)

    “The dealer sells or barters a precious stone, precious metal, precious product or asset-backed token and receives payment in cash or cash equivalent or gold (except in the form of jewellery) or digital payment tokens, where the value exceeds S$20,000 in total value.”

• Enhanced CDD (senior-management approval, income, source of wealth and funds, enhanced monitoring) where the customer, principal or beneficial owner is a PEP or family/associate, resides in or originates from a FATF call-for-action jurisdiction (DPRK, Iran countermeasures; Myanmar enhanced due dilig…

  نص القانون

  • PMLTFPF Regulations 2019, reg 7(2)(a)(ii), (3), (4)

• IPM imports need an In-Non-Payment (GST relief) permit: air freight above S$400 CIF (non-controlled air imports up to S$400 need no permit, RIER reg 3(2A)), all sea and land freight, all commercial hand-carry, and personal hand-carry above 0.5 kg; parcel post needs no permit (reg 3(2)(b)).

  S$400 CIF (air); 0.5 kg (personal hand-carry)

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Regulation of Imports and Exports Regulations, reg 3(1), (2)(b), (2A)

• Code of Practice issued by the Registrar of Regulated Dealers under the PSPM Act codes-of-practice power (issued 2 April 2026): dealers apply the A.C.T. framework (Add immediate intervention, Check the customer's behaviour against anti-scam information, Tell the customer to call the ScamShield Helpl…

  S$20,000

  إرشاد رسمي

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 1.1

    “This Code of Practice ("CoP") is issued by the Registrar of Regulated Dealers under section 35(1) of the Precious Stones and Precious Metals (Prevention of Money Laundering, Terrorism Financing and Proliferation Financing) Act 2019 ("PSPM Act").”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.1

    “PSMDs should apply the A.C.T. framework at paragraph 5.2 when encountering customers making purchases under the following circumstances, regardless of payment mode:”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.1(a)

    “Single transaction of more than S$20,000; or”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.1(b)

    “Multiple transactions below S$20,000 that collectively exceed S$20,000, whether conducted on the same day or over a few days.”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP Annex B-2 item 7 (A.C.T.)

    “A - Add immediate intervention by asking the customer for reasons behind the purchase.”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.2 (C)

    “Check for the customer's”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.2 (T): call the ScamShield Helpline

    “Tell the customer that”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.3(a)

    “Conduct enhanced customer due diligence in accordance with the Precious Stones and Precious Metals (Prevention of Money Laundering, Terrorism Financing and Proliferation Financing) Regulations 2019;”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.3(e)

    “Escalate the matter to the supervisor or senior management and document the customer's behaviour and the basis for proceeding with the transaction;”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.3(f)

    “Call the police at 999 if the customer chooses to proceed with the purchase despite repeated warnings that red flags are present; and”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.3(g)

    “File a Suspicious Transaction Report ("STR").”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), CoP para 5.4

    “For online sales, in-person collection should be required for purchases above S$20,000.”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), ACD News: issuance of the CoP

    “2 April 2026 ## Issuance of Code of Practice on AML Measures for PSMDs to Combat Scam Related Money Laundering Cases”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), PSPM Act s.35(5)

    “Any code of practice, guideline or standard of performance has no legislative effect.”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), PSPM Act s.35(6)

    “Any failure by a regulated dealer to comply with any code of practice, guideline or standard of performance applicable to the regulated dealer does not of itself render the regulated dealer liable to criminal proceedings, but the failure may, in any proceedings (criminal or otherwise), be relied on by any party to those proceedings as tending to establish or negate any liability which is in question in those proceedings.”

  • PSPM Act, codes of practice power (section in refs), PSPM Act s.35(1)

    “The Registrar may issue, approve, amend or revoke one or more codes of practice, guidelines or standards of performance for all or any of the following purposes:”

• STR to a Suspicious Transaction Reporting Officer as soon as reasonably practicable on knowledge or reasonable grounds to suspect (CDSA), or the TSOFA disclosure where it applies, with a copy to the Registrar at the time of disclosure or immediately after (PSPM Act); records of every designated tran…

  نص القانون

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), CDSA s.45(1) (parsed into section a1-s-42 of this record)

    “Where a person knows or has reasonable grounds to suspect that any property -”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), CDSA s.45(1)

    “the person must disclose the knowledge or suspicion or the information or other matter on which that knowledge or suspicion is based to a Suspicious Transaction Reporting Officer as soon as is reasonably practicable after it comes to the person's attention.”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.21(1)

    “A regulated dealer must, if circumstances exist that require the regulated dealer to do so, make a disclosure under whichever of the following is applicable:”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.21(2)

    “A regulated dealer must, at the time of disclosing a matter under subsection (1) or immediately thereafter, submit a copy of the information so disclosed to the Registrar.”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.18(1)(a)

    “a record of every designated transaction (whether or not completed) and every other transaction for which the customer due diligence measures mentioned in section 16 must be performed, containing the prescribed information on that transaction;”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.18(1)(b)

    “a record of all information relating to a customer which is obtained through the customer due diligence measures performed under section 16;”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.18(1)(c)

    “a copy of each supporting document relied on in support of any information referred to in paragraph (b);”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.19(1)

    “A regulated dealer must, in relation to the regulated dealer's business of regulated dealing or business as an intermediary for regulated dealing, implement adequate programmes and measures to prevent money laundering, terrorism financing and the financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PMLTFPF Regulations reg 13(1)

    “For the purposes of section 18(1) or (1A) of the Act, the period for which the documents and information in that section must be kept is 5 years after whichever of the following dates is applicable:”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 13(3)(f)

    “a record of the following information for each period of 6 months beginning on 1 January or 1 July of any year:”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 13(5)

    “the prescribed manner of making any record kept under paragraph (3)(f) available to the Registrar is by submitting the record to the Registrar through the electronic system of the Ministry of Law at https://acd.mlaw.gov.sg.”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(1)(b)(i)

    “document the risk assessments;”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(1)(c)

    “develop and implement internal policies, procedures and controls, which must be approved by its senior management, to manage and effectively mitigate the risks of money laundering, terrorism financing and proliferation financing identified by it or notified to it by the Registrar, including -”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(1)(c)(i)

    “making appropriate compliance management arrangements, including the appointment of a compliance officer; and”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(1)(c)(ii)

    “applying adequate screening procedures when hiring employees;”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(1)(e)

    “have an ongoing programme to train employees on the internal policies, procedures and controls in sub-paragraph (c); and”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 14(2)

    “A regulated dealer that carries out one or more designated transactions must, in addition to the matters mentioned in paragraph (1), have an independent audit function to test the internal policies, procedures and controls in paragraph (1)(c).”

  • CDSA; PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), Guidelines v5.1 para 12.2.1

    “is required to submit an STR to STRO as soon as reasonably practicable upon the establishment of suspicion (i.e. no longer than 5 business days).”

• Before dealing, dealers must assess whether the customer, principal or beneficial owner is a terrorist or terrorist entity (TSOFA), a designated person under UN Act regulations, or a Registrar-notified person; if suspected they must decline or terminate the transaction, report to the police and copy…

  نص القانون

  • PMLTFPF Regulations 2019 reg 16; TSOFA s.8

• CDD before any designated transaction (sale for cash or cash equivalent above S$20,000, single or same-day aggregate; purchase by a secondhand-goods dealer from a non-dealer for cash above S$20,000; token redemptions for cash above S$20,000), on suspicion of ML/TF/PF, or on doubts about earlier CDD;…

  S$20,000

  نص القانون

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.16(1)(a)

    “before entering into a designated transaction;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(1)(b)

    “where the regulated dealer has reason to suspect money laundering, terrorism financing or the financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(1)(c)

    “where the regulated dealer has reason to doubt the veracity or adequacy of information obtained from earlier customer due diligence measures;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(1)(d)

    “under circumstances prescribed for the purposes of this section.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(5)(a)

    “decline to enter into any transaction with the customer;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(5)(b)

    “terminate any transaction entered into with the customer;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.16(5)(c)

    “determine whether to make a disclosure under section 45 of the Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act 1992 or section 8 or 10 of the Terrorism (Suppression of Financing) Act 2002;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.15 "designated transaction" (a)

    “a sale of any precious stone, precious metal, precious product or asset-backed token by a regulated dealer to a customer, for which cash or a cash equivalent exceeding the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.15 (b)

    “2 or more sales of any precious stone, precious metal, precious product or asset-backed token in a single day by a regulated dealer to the same customer, or to customers whom the regulated dealer knows act on behalf of the same person, for which cash or a cash equivalent in total exceeding the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.15 (c)

    “a purchase of any precious stone, precious metal or precious product from a customer (who is not a regulated dealer) by a regulated dealer (who is a secondhand goods dealer), for which cash or a cash equivalent exceeding the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), s.15 "threshold amount"

    “"threshold amount" means $20,000 or its equivalent in value, or an amount prescribed in substitution.”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), PMLTFPF Regulations reg 4(1)(a)

    “a redemption of an asset-backed token from a customer (who is not a regulated dealer) by a regulated dealer, for cash or a cash equivalent exceeding the threshold amount;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 4(1)(c)

    “2 or more redemptions of any asset-backed token in a single day by a regulated dealer from the same customer”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 4A(1)

    “For the purpose of section 16(1)(d) of the Act, each of the following circumstances are circumstances in which a regulated dealer must perform the prescribed customer due diligence measures in regulations 5 and 6”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 4A(1)(a)

    “for which gold (except in the form of jewellery) the value of which exceeds the threshold amount is received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 4A(1)(c)

    “for which digital payment tokens the value of which exceeds the threshold amount are received as payment;”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 5(1)

    “the customer due diligence measures to be performed by a regulated dealer before entering into any designated transaction with a customer who is an individual are all of the following:”

  • PSPM Act; PMLTFPF Regulations (sections in refs), reg 6(1)

    “the customer due diligence measures to be performed by a regulated dealer before entering into any designated transaction with a customer who is an entity or a legal arrangement are all of the following:”

• Anyone moving physical currency or bearer negotiable instruments above the prescribed amount (S$20,000, CMR Regulations reg 2A) into or out of Singapore must report it: travellers on Form NP 727 within 72 hours before immigration clearance; senders and commercial carriers of cash by post or courier …

  S$20,000

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • CDSA 1992 Part 6A; CDSA (Cross Border Movements of Physical Currency and Bearer Negotiable Instruments) Regulations 2007, CDSA ss.59-62; regs 2A, 3, 4, 4A, 5

• Anyone carrying on a business of manufacturing, importing or possessing for sale, selling or offering for sale, or buying for resale any precious metal (gold, silver, platinum group metals, and alloys with at least 2% in weight of them, in manufactured or unmanufactured state), precious stone or pre…

  No value floor for bullion; unregistered dealing: fine up to S$75,000 or imprisonment up to 3 years or both, plus up to S$7,500 for every day of a continuing offence

  نص القانون

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.6(1)

    “A person must not act as or hold out to be a regulated dealer unless the person is a registered dealer.”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), PSPM Act s.6(2)

    “A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $75,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both and, in the case of a continuing offence, to a further fine not exceeding $7,500 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues after conviction.”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), s.2 "regulated dealing" (a)

    “manufacturing any precious stone, precious metal or precious product;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), (b)

    “importing or possessing for sale any precious stone, precious metal or precious product;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), (c)

    “selling or offering for sale any precious stone, precious metal or precious product;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), (d)

    “selling or redeeming asset-backed tokens;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), (e)

    “purchasing any precious stone, precious metal or precious product for the purposes of resale;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), s.2 "regulated dealer" (b)

    “business as an intermediary for regulated dealing, but excludes a pawnbroker and any other person as may be prescribed;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), s.2 "precious metal"

    “"precious metal" means any precious metal specified in Part 1 of the Schedule in a manufactured or unmanufactured state;”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), the Schedule Part 1 item 9 (items 1-8: gold, silver, platinum, iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium)

    “An alloy with at least 2% in weight of any substance mentioned in items 1 to 8”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), ACD Regulatory Regime page

    “"Precious metals" include gold, silver, platinum, iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and alloys with at least 2% in weight of any of the metals stated above.”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), Exempt Persons Order para 3

    “Every financial institution that carries on a business of regulated dealing, or business as an intermediary for regulated dealing, in Singapore is exempt from -”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), Order para 4(1)

    “A foreign dealer carrying on a business of regulated dealing, or business as an intermediary for regulated dealing, in Singapore on a transitory basis, is exempt from -”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), Order para 4(2)

    “A foreign dealer carries on business in Singapore on a transitory basis if the foreign dealer carries on business in Singapore for not more than a total of 90 days in a year.”

  • PSPM Act (definitions, registration duty, the Schedule); Exempt Persons Order (sections in refs), PSPM Act Legislative History item 1

    “Commencement : 10 April 2019”

• Gold may not be imported, transhipped or brought in transit from the DPRK (Seventh Schedule, prohibited imports item (9)), nor exported, transhipped or brought in transit to the DPRK (luxury items, prohibited exports item (5)(k) "gold, silver and platinum"); any goods for trade with a person in the …

  نص القانون

  • Regulation of Imports and Exports Regulations, regs 5A, 6(1)(b), 6(2)(c); Seventh Schedule item 2 (DPRK)

• GST-exempt status depends on the bar: gold of at least 99.5% purity in bar, ingot or wafer form, refined by a refiner who is or was on the LBMA Good Delivery list (or an Enterprise Singapore-endorsed intending refiner — none endorsed on 28 Sep 2026), bearing a mark internationally accepted as guar…

  نص القانون

  • GST Act 1993, Fourth Schedule, Part 2 paras 1(a), 1A; Part 3 para 2

• No Singapore statute requires importers, dealers or refiners to verify mine origin or apply OECD/CAHRA due diligence: the PSPM Act and Regulations impose customer (not supplier-origin) due diligence, the GST investment-precious-metal exemption turns on form, purity, a refiner on the LBMA Good Delive…

  نص القانون

  • PSPM Act s.2 "customer"

    “"customer" means a person with whom a regulated dealer enters into or intends to enter into a transaction;”

  • PSPM Act s.16(1): CDD is on the customer

    “a regulated dealer must perform the prescribed customer due diligence measures in any of the following circumstances:”

  • PMLTFPF Regulations reg 5(1)

    “the customer due diligence measures to be performed by a regulated dealer before entering into any designated transaction with a customer who is an individual are all of the following:”

  • reg 6(1)

    “the customer due diligence measures to be performed by a regulated dealer before entering into any designated transaction with a customer who is an entity or a legal arrangement are all of the following:”

  • GST Act Fourth Schedule Part 2 para 1(a)(i) (parsed into section sch-3 of this record)

    “is in the form of a bar, an ingot or a wafer;”

  • para 1(a)(ii)

    “is of a purity of at least 99.5%; and”

  • Fourth Schedule Part 2 para 2(a)(i)

    “in the case of gold or silver, a refiner who is or was in the "Good Delivery" list of the London Bullion Market Association;”

  • para 2(b)

    “it bears a mark or characteristic that is internationally accepted as guaranteeing its quality.”

  • Singapore Customs IPM page, permit field "Supplier name"

    “Name of refiner who produced the bar/wafer/ingot”

  • Guidelines v5.1 Annex D, red flag indicators

    “Supplier/ introducer is evasive when being asked about the source of its gold supply.”

• Singapore's Russia measures ban the export, transhipment and transit to Russia of military goods and of dual-use goods in Categories 3 (electronics), 4 (computers) and 5 (telecommunications and information security) of the Strategic Goods (Control) Order 2021 as in force on 16 Mar 2022 (RIER reg 6(2…

  نص القانون

  • Regulation of Imports and Exports Regulations, reg 6(2B); Eighth Schedule

• Goods to or from UNSC-sanctioned countries need a TradeNet permit applied for at least 3 working days before shipment. Iran lists cover nuclear, arms and S/2015/546 items, not gold.

  إرشاد رسمي

  • Regulation of Imports and Exports Regulations, regs 5A, 6(1)(b), 6(2)(c)

• Zero-GST warehouse licensees may store "listed goods" (incl. HS 7108 gold, silver, platinum and precious stones) only with Singapore Customs' written approval, at least a Type II licence, and records of the persons controlling and beneficially owning the goods, screened and kept up to date (since 1 …

  إرشاد رسمي

حيث تصل البضاعة

• Customs duty on gold imports

  0% for goods entering a free zone (FZ Transit In); mainland imports of gold: 0% under the GCC exempted-commodities list (read via WebFetch only) Unwrought and semi-manufactured gold

  إرشاد رسميالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Dubai Customs Customer Guide v3.03; GCC common customs law; UAE list of exempted commodities, Customer Guide s.9 (duty suspended for goods admitted into free zones), s.15.12.2

• Domestic reverse charge on precious metals and precious stones between registered businesses

  Recipient accounts for VAT Supplies of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, precious stones and jewellery made of them, for resale or production, between VAT-registered persons, with the buyer's written declaration (CD 127/2024, replacing CD 25/2018)

  نص القانون

  • Cabinet Decision 127/2024; FTA VATP043, Art. 1 (Goods: precious metals - gold, silver, palladium, platinum - precious stones and jewellery mostly of them), Art. 2(1)-(4), Art. 4 (repeals CD 25/2018)

    “Precious Metals, Precious Stones and jewelry made of any Precious Metals or Precious Stones”

• Special reverse charge on gold and diamonds between registrants (Cabinet Decision 25/2018)

  Registered recipient accounts for VAT Gold and products mostly of gold not qualifying for zero-rating, and diamonds, supplied between registrants; exports of gold items and investment precious metals outside its scope (VATP029)

  إرشاد رسمي

  • Cabinet Decision No. 25 of 2018

• Import VAT

  5% standard; 0% for investment precious metals (99%+ purity, tradeable form) Doré is not investment gold, so it is standard-rated; refined bars of 99%+ are zero-rated

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Federal Decree-Law 8/2017 on VAT; Executive Regulation, Art. 3 (5%), 45(8), 48(1), 49; Exec. Reg. Art. 36(2), 48, 50(1)

    “a standard rate of 5% Tax shall be imposed on any supply or Import”

• Precious metals crossing the UAE border must be disclosed; declarations are also required for precious metals over AED 60,000 crossing through cargo, mail or shipments, cargo being declared through the official customs systems.

  AED 60,000

  نص القانونالمبلغ غير مؤكد

  • Federal Decree-Law 10/2025; CBUAE Regulation on the Declaration of Currencies, BNIs, and Precious Metals and Stones (OG 703, 31 May 2021), FDL 10/2025 Art. 10 (duty to disclose, per the disclosure system issued by the ICP with the Central Bank), Art. 41(3) (regulations under FDL 20/2018 remain effective insofar as not conflicting), Art. 34 (penalty)

    “Any person entering into or departing from the State shall be under the obligation to make a disclosure whenever they carry currencies, bearer negotiable instruments, precious metals, or valuable stones, in accordance with the disclosure system issued by the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security, in coordination with the Central Bank”

• Dealers in precious metals and stones are DNFBPs for any single cash transaction, or linked transactions, of AED 55,000 or more (CR 134/2025 Art. 3 item 3), and keep records for at least 5 years (Art. 25). The DPMSR report, including for dealings with companies of AED 55,000 or more paid in cash or …

  AED 55,000

  نص القانون

  • Cabinet Resolution 134/2025; MoET Supplemental Guidance for DPMS 2026, CR 134 Art. 3(3), Art. 25(1); Guidance s.1.4.1

    “when carrying out any single cash transaction or several transactions that appear to be linked and whose value equals or exceeds fifty-five thousand dirhams (AED 55,000)”

• Supply-chain entities and precious-metals dealers must have due-diligence management systems, identify and assess supply-chain risks and adopt a risk-management strategy (Decree Art. 1(A)); refiners must also appoint an independent third-party auditor and submit a due-diligence report (Art. 1(B)), u…

  نص القانون

  • Ministerial Decree 68/2024; MoE Due Diligence Regulations v1 (2022), Decree Art. 1(A), 1(B), Art. 3 (penalties under the AML law)

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