بابوا غينيا الجديدة

• Bank of Papua New Guinea (BPNG)

  Central bank; administers the Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000: Gold Export Licences (annual), per-shipment export authorisation (Form G), export-proceeds repatriation, appointment of authorised foreign-exchange dealers, cash export authority above K20,000

  الموقع

  https://www.bankpng.gov.pg

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّل

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• PNG Customs Service

  Export entry (SAD via ASYCUDA World, lodged by licensed customs broker), enforcement of prohibited-export items (gold needs BPNG written authority), certificate of clearance, currency declaration

  الموقع

  https://customs.gov.pg

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّلغير مسجَّل

  مصدر واحد

• Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management (DMPGM)

  Mining policy; drafted the Mining Bill 2025

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّل

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Financial Analysis and Supervision Unit (FASU), within BPNG

  Financial intelligence unit and sole AML/CFT supervisor under the AMLCTF Act 2015, including dealers in precious metals

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّلمحجوب

  مصدران

• Internal Revenue Commission (IRC)

  Income tax and GST; Tax File Number required on export declarations

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّلمحجوب

  مصدر واحد

• Mineral Resources Authority (MRA)

  Tenement administration (exploration licences, mining leases, alluvial mining leases), production levy collection, small-scale mining support, certification of assays for gold exports; listed by Customs as the permit authority for mineral exports

  الموقع

  https://mra.gov.pg

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّل

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Terrorist Financing Act 2015

  Dealers in precious metals or stones are DNFBPs (s.5); CDD (ss.20-29); TTR for cash of K20,000 or more (s.39); SMR within 5 working days; records 7 years (ss.47-50)

  النوع

  قانون

  إرشاد رسميمحجوب

  ملاحظة الباحث: Act not read directly; provisions from FASU guidance.

  مصدر واحد

• Central Banking Act 2000 (as amended 2021)

  Parent Act of the FX and Gold Regulation; cited by Customs as basis for gold export restriction

  النوع

  قانون

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963

  Schedule item 13B: alluvial gold, concentrates and compounds incl. gold in pure form - written authority of BPNG; item 13A: currency above K20,000

  النوع

  لائحة

  نص القانونغير مسجَّل

  مصدر واحد

• BPNG Foreign Exchange Manual (December 2023)

  FE Notice 17 (gold): domestic trade unrestricted; export >K5,000 needs licence and per-shipment authorisation, on consignment; FE Notice 6: repatriate and convert export proceeds within 3 months; FE Notice 8: K20,000 cash limit for travellers

  النوع

  إرشاد

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000

  s.18 export of goods needs Central Bank authority; s.24 no gold may leave or enter PNG without BPNG written consent; s.25 gold holders must sell within one month to BPNG, an authorised dealer, or (with consent) abroad; s.26 purchase limited to BPNG/authorised dealers; s.33 penalties (K100,000 or 25% of value, or 5 years)

  النوع

  لائحة

  نص القانون

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Mining Bill 2025 (draft, to replace the Mining Act 1992)

  Proposed: royalty 5% (State takes up to 30% equity) or 10% of gross revenue; alluvial mining reserved to citizens; mining refinery lease and 50% offer of product to local processors; social licence fee. Consultation 25 Feb-4 Apr 2025. No evidence found that it had been enacted by 22 Sep 2026.

  النوع

  أخرى

  مصدر ثانوي

  ملاحظة الباحث: Enactment status at 2026-09-22 not confirmed; the June 2026 parliamentary exchange still refers to the MRA Act and the existing regime.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• National Gold Corporation Bill 2024 (proposed)

  Proposed mandatory refining of all PNG gold by a National Mint before export, state gold marketing and a National Gold Authority. Stakeholders asked for 6-12 more months of consultation in May 2024; not enacted on the evidence found.

  النوع

  أخرى

  مصدر ثانوي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Customs Act 1951

  s.40 prohibited exports by regulation; s.42 goods must be entered for export before loading; s.47 certificate of clearance

  النوع

  قانون

  نص القانون

  ملاحظة الباحث: Section numbers from a summarising fetch.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Goods and Services Tax Act 2003

  GST; export zero-rating

  النوع

  قانون

  غير مؤكَّدمحجوب

  ملاحظة الباحث: PacLII blocked (403) and IRC site returned no content; rate and export treatment not verified.

  مصدر واحد

• Mining Act 1992

  Minerals belong to the State (s.5); citizens' non-mechanised alluvial mining on own land (s.9); tenements incl. alluvial mining leases (ss.48-64: citizen or land group, max 5 ha, max 5 years); royalties (s.148)

  النوع

  قانون

  نص القانون

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Mining (Amendment) Act 2020

  State entities (Kumul Minerals) may apply for tenements over reserved land; live production/sales data reporting to MRA

  النوع

  قانون

  مصدر ثانوي

  ملاحظة الباحث: Act text not obtained (Parliament URL 404); content from press analysis.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Mineral Resources Authority Act (2005; referred to in 2026 as the MRA Act 2018)

  Establishes MRA; production levy up to 0.5% of assessable income (s.30 per DMPGM 2014)

  النوع

  قانون

  إرشاد رسمي

  ملاحظة الباحث: The 2005 Act PDF is a scan without text. The National (June 2026) refers to an 'MRA Act 2018' - whether a 2018 Act replaced the 2005 Act was not verified.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

مكتبة القوانين غير متاحة حاليًا. صفحات البحث متاحة؛ حاول مجددًا بعد قليل.

• AML/CFT compliance programme as a dealer in precious metals (no licence; FASU supervision)

  يحمله

  Domestic gold buyer (rural buying agent / shop)

  تصدره

  FASU (supervisor)

  إرشاد رسميمحجوب

  الأساس القانوني: AMLCTF Act 2015, s.5

  مصدر واحد

• Citizen ownership (Alluvial Mining Policy 2021 reserves buying and export of alluvial gold to Papua New Guineans, existing foreign operators exempt)

  يحمله

  Domestic gold buyer (rural buying agent / shop)

  تصدره

  Policy of the Ministry of Mining / MRA

  إرشاد رسمي

  ملاحظة الباحث: Policy text itself not readable; how the reservation is enforced for buyers (no buyer licence exists) is not known.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Refining agreement with an overseas refiner (LBMA spot, max 2% discount)

  يحمله

  Licensed alluvial gold exporter (BPNG Gold Export Licence holder)

  تصدره

  Overseas refiner (counterparty)

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: BPNG Requirements for Gold Export Licence (2015)

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Gold Export Licence (alluvial)

  Gold Export Licence; name published on BPNG annual list

  يحمله

  Licensed alluvial gold exporter (BPNG Gold Export Licence holder)

  تصدره

  Bank of Papua New Guinea

  مدة الصلاحية

  1 year; new application each year

  الرسم

  K5,000 application fee (bank cheque)

  إرشاد رسميغير مسجَّل

  الأساس القانوني: Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000; BPNG Requirements for Gold Export Licence (2015), s.24 (written consent to export gold)

  مصدر واحد

• Gold Export Licence (mining company)

  يحمله

  Large-scale mining company (mining lease / special mining lease holder)

  تصدره

  Bank of Papua New Guinea

  مدة الصلاحية

  Annual (companies listed for 2024)

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, s.24

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Appointment as authorised dealer in foreign exchange (National Gazette)

  يحمله

  Authorised foreign-exchange dealer (commercial bank)

  تصدره

  Bank of Papua New Guinea

  نص القانون

  الأساس القانوني: Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, s.2(1)(a)

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Alluvial Mining Lease (AML)

  AML instrument registered by the Registrar of Tenements

  يحمله

  Alluvial miner (citizen landowner or land group; non-mechanised under Mining Act s.9 or holder of an alluvial mining lease)

  تصدره

  Minister for Mining, on MRA processing

  مدة الصلاحية

  Up to 5 years, extendable (s.49)

  الرسم

  Application fee PGK 250 (MRA Scheduled Fees)

  نص القانون

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992, ss.48-51

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Customs broker licence

  يحمله

  Licensed customs broker

  تصدره

  PNG Customs Service

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Performance bond in favour of BPNG (min. K50,000)

  يحمله

  Licensed alluvial gold exporter (BPNG Gold Export Licence holder)

  تصدره

  Licensed commercial bank / insurer

  مدة الصلاحية

  At least 24 months

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: BPNG Requirements for Gold Export Licence (2015)

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Company incorporation and business registration (Investment Promotion Authority)

  يحمله

  Licensed alluvial gold exporter (BPNG Gold Export Licence holder)

  تصدره

  Investment Promotion Authority

  إرشاد رسمي

  ملاحظة الباحث: Issuer inferred: the BPNG requirements ask for a court-certified certificate of incorporation and business registration without naming the registry.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Mining Lease (alluvial)

  يحمله

  Mechanised alluvial operator (mining lease holder, min. 51% national ownership)

  تصدره

  Minister for Mining, on MRA processing

  مدة الصلاحية

  Up to 20 years, extendable by 10

  الرسم

  Grant fee PGK 2,500-50,000 by area (MRA Scheduled Fees)

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992, ss.38-47

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Statutory right to non-mechanised alluvial mining on one's own land (no tenement)

  None; proof of citizenship and customary land ownership in practice

  يحمله

  Alluvial miner (citizen landowner or land group; non-mechanised under Mining Act s.9 or holder of an alluvial mining lease)

  تصدره

  None - arises by law (citizen natural person; land not under a tenement other than an exploration licence)

  مدة الصلاحية

  While conditions met

  نص القانون

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992, s.9(2)

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Special Mining Lease or Mining Lease (hard rock)

  يحمله

  Large-scale mining company (mining lease / special mining lease holder)

  تصدره

  Head of State / Minister for Mining, on MRA processing

  الرسم

  SML grant fee PGK 100,000 (MRA Scheduled Fees)

  نص القانون

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992, ss.33-47

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Tax File Number (TFN)

  يحمله

  Licensed alluvial gold exporter (BPNG Gold Export Licence holder)

  تصدره

  Internal Revenue Commission

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Export duty on gold

  المعدل

  None found (administrative fees only)

  غير مؤكَّد

  ملاحظة الباحث: No export duty on gold was found; Customs mentions only administrative fees before release. Customs Tariff schedule not read.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Gold Export Licence application fee

  المعدل

  K5,000 per application (annual)

  يدفعه

  Applicant exporter

  تحصّله

  BPNG

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Mineral royalty

  Mined product incl. doré and concentrate

  المعدل

  2%

  الوعاء

  Free-on-board revenue or net smelter return, whichever is appropriate

  يدفعه

  Mining lease / special mining lease holder

  تحصّله

  State (via MRA); 20% of cash royalty paid direct to lease-area landholders, balance shared by agreement with provincial and local governments

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992, s.148

  ملاحظة الباحث: s.148 text not read (document truncated; PacLII blocked). Application to alluvial production not confirmed.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Alluvial Mining Lease application fee

  المعدل

  PGK 250

  يدفعه

  AML applicant

  تحصّله

  MRA

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Goods and Services Tax

  Domestic supplies; exports presumed zero-rated

  غير مؤكَّدمحجوب

  ملاحظة الباحث: GST Act not readable (PacLII 403, IRC JavaScript). DMPGM 2014 confirms zero-rating of supplies to resource companies; treatment of domestic gold sales and exports not verified (standard rate generally reported as 10%, exports zero-rated).

  مصدر واحد

• MRA production levy

  المعدل

  0.25% (2014) - 0.5% (statutory maximum; reported current rate 2025)

  الوعاء

  Assessable income / value of production, incl. alluvial gold produced

  يدفعه

  Producers

  تحصّله

  Mineral Resources Authority (monthly)

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: Mineral Resources Authority Act, s.30(3)-(4) per DMPGM 2014

  ملاحظة الباحث: Rate reported as 0.25% in 2014 and 0.5% in 2025 secondary sources; current gazetted rate not read.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Dealers in precious metals are DNFBPs: risk-based CDD, enhanced CDD for PEPs, SMR within 5 working days, Threshold Transaction Report for cash or bearer instruments of K20,000 or more within 10 working days, international funds transfer reports of K20,000 or more, records for 7 years. FASU is the supervisor. BPNG Enhanced Due Diligence Guidelines apply to all gold dealings.

  النوع

  مكافحة غسل الأموال

  الحد

  K20,000 cash (TTR)

  إرشاد رسميمحجوب

  الأساس القانوني: AMLCTF Act 2015, ss.5, 20-29, 39, 47-50

  مصدران

• Alluvial mining is reserved to PNG citizens (AML only for citizens/land groups; alluvial mining leases need 51% national ownership). The 2021 Alluvial Mining Policy extends the reservation to buying and exporting alluvial gold, with existing foreign operators exempted. Confirmed by the Mining Minister in Parliament in June 2026.

  النوع

  أخرى

  إرشاد رسميغير مسجَّل

  الأساس القانوني: Mining Act 1992 s.48; Alluvial Mining Policy 2021

  مصدر واحد

• No person may take or send gold out of (or bring into) PNG without BPNG's written consent; alluvial gold, concentrates and gold compounds are a restricted export under Customs item 13B. In practice: annual Gold Export Licence plus a per-shipment authorisation (Form G) for consignments above K5,000; BPNG clearance plus assay report for K5,000 or less. Export must be on consignment.

  النوع

  أخرى

  الحد

  K5,000 per consignment

  نص القانونغير مسجَّل

  الأساس القانوني: Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000; Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963, s.24; item 13B

  مصدر واحد

• Refining agreement must reference LBMA spot with a discount of no more than 2%; export sales in USD at LBMA spot.

  النوع

  ضبط الأسعار

  إرشاد رسمي

  الأساس القانوني: BPNG Requirements and Operational Requirements for Gold Export Licence (2015)

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• All export proceeds must be received through an authorised dealer, repatriated and converted into kina: within 2 weeks of export for alluvial Gold Export Licence holders; within 3 months of shipment under FE Notice 6. Sales abroad in USD at LBMA spot. Mineral exporters may not use forward exchange contracts.

  النوع

  ضوابط العملة

  الحد

  2 weeks (alluvial GEL); 3 months (general)

  إرشاد رسميمحجوب

  الأساس القانوني: BPNG Operational Requirements (2015); FE Manual, FE 6.5, 17.5; FX Operational Guidelines 9.9.5

  مصدر واحد

• A person holding gold (other than for professional use) must sell it within one month to BPNG, an authorised dealer, or with written consent to a person outside PNG; only BPNG and authorised dealers may buy gold (s.26). BPNG's FE Manual nonetheless states domestic resident-to-resident gold trade is permitted without restriction.

  النوع

  أخرى

  الحد

  1 month from possession

  نص القانون

  الأساس القانوني: Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, ss.25-26

  ملاحظة الباحث: Whether an exemption under s.3 or a general authority reconciles ss.25-26 with FE Notice 17.3 was not found.

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Travellers may take PNG or foreign currency up to K20,000; more needs BPNG authority on Form-C1 (with tax clearance, passport, ticket). Customs currency declaration system being rolled out, most advanced at Jacksons International Airport (APG 2024).

  النوع

  الإقرار عبر الحدود

  الحد

  K20,000

  إرشاد رسميغير مسجَّلمحجوب

  الأساس القانوني: FE Manual FE Notice 8; Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963, 8.5; item 13A

  مصدران

• Alluvial sector: about 200,000 artisanal miners producing about 5,000 kg (c.120,000 oz) a year, worth about K640 million (Minister, 2024); about 250,000 miners and about 5% of K19 billion mineral exports in 2024 (Parliament, June 2026).

  الأرقام: ~5 t/yr; ~5% of K19bn (2024)

  إرشاد رسميغير مسجَّل

  مصدر واحد

• BPNG 2024 lists: 9 alluvial gold exporters (Enga Gold Exporter, GoldBox PNG, GoldCorp Exporters, Gold Exchange PNG, Golden Valley Enterprise, Huon Gold, Issacc Lete Lumbu Gold Buyers, Italpreziosi South Pacific, Mi-Do Gold Buyers & Exporters) and 6 mining companies (K92 Mining, Lihir Gold, Morobe Consolidated Goldfields, New Porgera, Simberi Gold, Woodlark Mining). 2020 notice named 8 alluvial exporters and 4 companies barred from exporting.

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Porgera closed in April 2020 when its SML expired and reopened under New Porgera Ltd (51% PNG stakeholders, 49% Barrick Niugini) with first gold in early 2024.

  مصدر ثانويغير مسجَّل

  مصدر واحد

• Regulation ss.25-26 restrict gold purchases to BPNG and authorised dealers and require holders to sell within a month, yet BPNG's own FE Manual and 2020 notice say domestic gold trade needs no BPNG authority; in practice rural gold buyers trade freely.

  إرشاد رسمي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Alluvial mining and gold buying are reserved to citizens, but foreigners are commonly brought in as capital partners (Minister, June 2026).

  مصدر ثانوي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• pg.gold.tax-gel-fee states a Gold Export Licence application fee taken from a BPNG requirements source that is not held as text; both BPNG requirement texts held (the BPNG copy hosted by MRA and the MRA Mining Regulations page copy) say there is no fee for the Gold Export Licence. Which is current is not settled.

  لا مستوى ثقة مسجَّل

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• APG 2024 mutual evaluation identifies cash and gold smuggling and trade-based laundering among PNG's laundering methods, and a currency declaration system not yet systematic.

  معيارمحجوب

  مصدر واحد

• MRA (2024): extractives are about 80% of exports and 30-35% of GDP but state revenue is about 8% or less, prompting the Mining Bill and National Gold Corporation proposals.

  إرشاد رسميغير مسجَّل

  مصدر واحد

• Deputy PM (June 2026): despite high gold prices and more alluvial activity, recorded exports fell, suggesting unaccounted trade and illegal export; MRA says alluvial gold is hard to control.

  مصدر ثانوي

  لا مصدر مسجَّل

• Text of the 2021 Alluvial Mining Policy.

  المستند الناقص

  Alluvial Mining Policy

  أين قد يكون

  https://mra.gov.pg/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Alluvial-Mining-Policy.pdf

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  PDF without text layer

  يؤثر في

  pg.ctl-citizens-alluvialpg.cr-buyer-citizen

• Whether royalty and levy are charged on alluvial gold sold via exporters, by whom and at what point.

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  No source read addresses it

  يؤثر في

  pg.st-30pg.st-31

• AMLCTF Act 2015 text (read only through FASU guidance).

  المستند الناقص

  AMLCTF Act 2015

  أين قد يكون

  PacLII; bankpng.gov.pg

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  PacLII blocked

  يؤثر في

  pg.ctl-aml

• No certificate of origin for gold exports was identified; the SAD states country of origin.

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  Not mentioned in any source read

• GL-Form 1-3 checklists and Form G / Form G2 templates.

  المستند الناقص

  BPNG GL-Forms, Form G, Form G2

  أين قد يكون

  https://www.bankpng.gov.pg/financial-markets/exchange-control

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  Listed on the page without links

  يؤثر في

  pg.dk-form-gpg.dk-form-g2

• GST rate and treatment of gold.

  المستند الناقص

  Goods and Services Tax Act 2003

  أين قد يكون

  PacLII; IRC

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  PacLII 403; IRC site JavaScript only

  يؤثر في

  pg.tax-gst

• Per-mine product form (doré/concentrate), export routes and refiners.

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  Company pages not reached (404 / cache-only)

  يؤثر في

  pg.st-10pg.st-24

• Whether the Mining Bill 2025 was enacted by 22 Sep 2026.

  أين قد يكون

  parliament.gov.pg; DMPGM; National Gazette

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  Search budget exhausted; no 2026 source found reporting enactment

  يؤثر في

  pg.law-mining-bill-2025pg.tax-royalty

• Whether an MRA mineral export permit is needed for gold in addition to BPNG authority.

  أين قد يكون

  MRA; PNG Customs

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  Customs page generic; no MRA document found

  يؤثر في

  pg.st-15

• Text of Mining Act s.148 (royalty rate, base, payer, collector) and the Mining Regulation 1992.

  المستند الناقص

  Mining Act 1992 s.148; Mining Regulation 1992

  أين قد يكون

  http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/ma1992103/; MRA PDF

  سبب عدم الحصول عليه

  PacLII 403; MRA PDF truncated by the fetch

  يؤثر في

  pg.tax-royaltypg.st-31

• من بابوا غينيا الجديدة إلى أستراليا

• من بابوا غينيا الجديدة إلى أستراليا

• BPNG/FASU Guidance No.1 of 2019 for Financial Institutions on their obligations under the AMLCTF Act 2015فتح المصدر
  محجوبغير مذكورFinancial Analysis and Supervision Unit, Bank of PNG
• APG Mutual Evaluation Report - Papua New Guinea (September 2024)فتح المصدر
  محجوبغير مذكورAsia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering
• Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulation 1963 [Chapter 101B]فتح المصدر
  غير مسجَّلنصPNG Customs Service · قُرئ في 2026-09-29T17:32:01Z
• BPNG Administrative and Operational Guidelines for the Foreign Exchange Market (December 2023)فتح المصدر
  محجوبغير مذكورBank of Papua New Guinea
• MRA - Mining Regulations page (links to Acts, Gold Export Licence requirements, Alluvial Mining Policy)فتح المصدر
  غير مسجَّلنصto confirm · قُرئ في 2026-09-28

  Missing from this copy: not yet checked

• MRA - Launch of Resource Evaluation Code of Practice for alluvial mining (Sep 2024)فتح المصدر
  غير مسجَّلنصto confirm · قُرئ في 2026-09-28

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• Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 (PacLII)فتح المصدر
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• Caritas PNG - Mining gold in Papua New Guinea (9 Apr 2025)فتح المصدر
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• EITI - Papua New Guinea country pageفتح المصدر
  غير مسجَّلغير مذكورEITI International Secretariat
• Wikipedia - Porgera Gold Mineفتح المصدر
  غير مسجَّلغير مذكورWikipedia
• Internal Revenue Commission websiteفتح المصدر
  محجوبغير مذكورInternal Revenue Commission